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Poisonous Plant Garden

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Poisonous Plant Garden UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE Poisonous Plant Garden vetmed.illinois.edu/poisonplants/ he University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine Poisonous Plant Garden is student conceived and T operated. For over 25 years it has served to educate veterinarians, students (elementary through college), and the general public. The garden is located on the northwest corner of the College of Veterinary Medicine campus (adjacent to St. Mary’s Road). It contains over ninety species of plants native to Illinois or commonly used as ornamentals or house plants. These plants are potentially hazardous to a range of animal species including humans. The garden is managed by two students, selected yearly, and a college faculty advisor. These students provide the planning and labor required for spring planting, garden management through the summer, and then fall cleanup and transfer of many plants to the university greenhouses for overwintering. It is the student curators’ energy, dedication and enthusiasm that have been the hallmark and primary force behind the garden’s success. These students are listed below. A guided tour for students or other groups (e.g. garden clubs) may be arranged in advance. Questions, suggestions and requests for additional information or guided tours should be directed to: Dr. Michael Biehl, Faculty Advisor (217) 244-4649 [email protected] Poisonous Plant Garden Student Curators Founding Student Curator: Paula Bratich 1992–1993 Wendy Grethen 2004–2005 Jill Horton 2014-2015 Lynsee Melchi 1993–1994 David Curbo 2005–2006 Edward Holub 2015-2016 Laura Reynolds 1994–1995 George Langan 2006–2007 Ashley Elzerman 2016-2017 Kassie Deal 1995–1996 Bryan McGoldrick 2007–2008 Richard Hill 2017-2018 Shira Parks 1996–1997 Michael Sanborn 2008–2009 Kelly Spence 2018-2019 Jake Smiley 1997–1998 Kim Carlson 2009–2010 Paul Meade 1998–1999 Jamie Kenyon 2010–2011 Lisa Sebree 2000–2001 Maria Cotner 2011–2012 Jason Kennell 2001–2002 Rob Swinger Lindsey Preston 2002–2003 Rebecca Dieter 2012–2013 Anna Stobnicki 2003–2004 Marianne Krumdick 2013-2014 Anne Strong Important Information DO NOT HANDLE OR CONSUME ANY PARTS OF PLANTS IN THE GARDEN. In order to keep children and pets safe, be sure they remain under adult supervision. If a poisonous plant is consumed by a person or pet you should: 1. Obtain a sample including all parts of the plant. 2. Estimate the quantity eaten. 3. Estimate frequency and duration of exposure, and time of onset and nature of clinical signs. 4. Contact a physician or veterinarian immediately (see Additional Resources). Note: The toxic effects of plants vary with the healthstatus, age, and species of the individual affected. Time of year, humidity, growth conditions, and growth stage, among other factors, influence a plant’s toxicity. Website: vetmed.illinois.edu/poisonplants/ Additional Resources To Give Your Support For further information regarding potentially The progress and maintenance of the garden is poisonous plants please refer to the ASPCA primarily made possible through donations of Animal Poison Control Center website at money, seeds, plants, equipment, supplies, time aspca.org/pet-care/poison-control and advice. If an animal has been exposed to a poison- Please make your contribution in support of the ous plant, contact the ASPCA Animal Poison garden by: Control Center at (888) 426-4435. 1. Donating online at vetmed.illinois.edu/ If the animal is experiencing significant clinical advancement/giving.html by selecting distress call the University of Illinois College of Poisonous Plant Garden Fund for your Veterinary Medicine Emergency Room at donation destination, or (217) 333-5300. 2. Sending a check with your contribution to: If a human has been exposed to a poisonous University of Illinois Foundation plant, contact the Illinois Poison Control Center Harker Hall at (800) 222-1222. 1305 West Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 Please note on the lower left of your check that it is for the UI Poisonous Plant Garden See the list of previous donors in the back of this brochure. Thank You! Garden Map N St Marys Road S GARDEN ENTRANCE shade houses Plot 1 Plot 22 Plot 2 Plot 21 Plot 3 Plot 20 Plot 4 Plot 19 Plot 5 Plot 18 Plot 6 Plot 17 pasture fence Plot 7 Plot 16 Plot 8 Plot 15 Plot 9 Plot 14 Plot 10 Plot 13 Plot 11 Plot 12 Parking Lot College Buildings Plot 1 Plant Toxic Parts Toxic Principle Signs Red Maple pollen, green or unknown constituents depression, anorexia, methemoglobin Acer rubrum, Aceraceae dried leaves hemolytic anemia, dehydration Jack-in-the-Pulpit all parts insoluble calcium oxalate crystals immediate irritation and burning of mouth, tongue, Arisaema triphyllum, Araceae histamine releasers lips, and throat; excessive salivation; difficult breathing Bittersweet Nightshade foliage and green solanine and solanidine anorexia and abdominal pain; drowsiness, dry Solanum dulcamara, berries mouth, labored breathing, nausea, and diarrhea Solanaceae Bloodroot all parts sanguinarine alkaloid severe irritation and extreme stomatitis and Sanguinaria canadensis, gastroenteritis if ingested Papaveraceae Mayapple unripe fruit, podophyllin which arrests cellular laxative effect with severe purging, vomiting, Podophyllum peltatum leaves, roots mitosis in metaphase gastroenteritis Berberidaceae Plot 2 Plot 2 Toxic Parts Toxic Principle Signs Jimsonweed all parts hyoscyamine, scopolamine, thirst, hyperirritability, disturbed vision, delirium, Datura stramonium atropine rapid heart beat, dry mouth, dilated pupils, colic, Solanaceae anorexia Belladonna all parts atropine, hypocyamine, dilated eyes, dry throat, rapid heart beat, Atropa belladonna scopolamine excitement Solanaceae Bull Nettle roots, berries, solanine and solanidine hypersalivation, anorexia, progressive muscle Solanum carolinense stems, leaves weakness, seizures, dilated pupils Solanaceae Plot 3 Plant Toxic Parts Toxic Principle Signs Scouring Rush all parts thiaminase (active in non- unthriftiness, loss of condition, staggering gait, Equisetum hyemale ruminants) rapid pulse Equistaceae Field Horsetail all parts thiaminase (active in non- unthriftiness, loss of condition, convulsions, Equisetum arvense ruminants) staggering gait, rapid pulse Equistaceae Privet fruit, bark, leaves glycoside ligustrin, saponins vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions and death in severe Ligustrum vulgare, Oleaceae cases Pokeweed all parts, esp. triterpene saponins, mitogens, initial burning in mouth, severe cramps, vomiting, Phytolacca americana roots, shoots, and glycoproteins, asparagine, oxalate diarrhea, blurred vision, excessive salivation, Phytolaccacea unripe berries weakness, seizures, coma in severe cases Plot 4 Plant Toxic Part Toxic Principle Signs Corn Cockle all parts, githagenein, saponin gastrointestinal upset, “cheesy” discharge in mouth Agrostemma githago esp. seeds (birds), slow breathing, dizziness, weakness Caryophyllaceae Bouncing Bet all parts, saponins CNS and cardiac depression, gastrointestinal upset, Saponaria officinalis esp. seeds hemolysis if consume large quantities Caryophyllaceae Castor Bean all parts, phytotoxin ricin (one of the most burning of mouth and throat, nausea, vomiting, Ricinus communis esp. seeds deadly substances known) which bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, fast weak pulse, Euphorbiaceae inhibits protein synthesis muscle twitching, fever, weakness, death Plot 5 Plant Toxic Part Toxic Principle Signs Prairie Groundsel all parts, pyrrolizidine alkaloids liver damage, dullness, staggering, abdominal pain, Senecio pauperculus esp. when young possible hepatogenous photosensitization Asteraceae Monkshood all parts, aconitine, alkaloids restlessness, salivation, nausea, vomiting, Aconitum columbianum esp. roots cardiovascular issues, respiratory paralysis, death Larkspur Delphinium tricorne Ranunculaceae Wild Parsnip all parts furocoumarins photosensitization, blistering of skin Pastinaca sativa, Apiaceae St. Johnswort all parts hypericin photosensitization, increased heart and respiration Hypericum perforatum rate, fever, diarrhea Hyperiaceae Oxalis Clover leaves contains soluble oxalates Oxalis pes-caprae Plot 6 Plant Toxic Parts Toxic Principle Signs Purple Foxglove all parts digitoxin, digoxin, gitoxin, and irregular heartbeat, heart block, mental confusion, Digitalis purpurea other cardiac glycosides convulsions, weakness, weight loss, death possible Scrophalariacea Lupine seed pods, foliage quinolizidine alkaloids, lupinine, vomiting, increased salivation, general distress, Lupinus sp. sparteine, anagyrine in cattle birth defects in herbivores Leguminosae (teratogen), ammodendrine (teratogen) Lambsquarters all parts nitrate, oxalate, cyanogenic headache, flushing skin, vomiting, dizziness, Chenopodium album glycosides reduced blood pressure, bloody diarrhea Chenopodiaceae Sago Palm all parts, esp seeds cycasin vomiting, diarrhea, increased thirst, hemorrhagic Cycas revoluta, Cycadaceae gastroenteritis, bruising, coagulopathy, liver failure, death Plot 7 Plant Toxic Parts Toxic Principle Signs Elderberry all parts, ripe variety of toxins including saponins, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, nausea, Sambucus canadensis berries okay cyanogenic glycosides and tannins dizziness Caprifoliaceae Hydrangea all parts hydrangin nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhea Hydrabgea macrophylla Hydrangeaceae Dumbcane all parts calcium oxalate crystals, proteolytic immediate irritating or burning sensation of Dieffenbachia “Exotica” enzymes which trigger release of mouth, tongue, lips, pharyngeal swelling, difficulty Araceae
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