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Eg Phd, Mphil, Dclinpsychol This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. ‘Over the storm-swelled sea’: Early Medieval Ecclesiastical Migration from Northern Britain to Ireland Oisín Kingsley Paul Plumb PhD Scottish History The University of Edinburgh 2016 1 ‘Over the storm-swelled sea’: Early Medieval Ecclesiastical Migration from Northern Britain to Ireland The thesis examines the evidence for migration from Northern Britain to Ireland associated with the activity of the Church. It has a particular focus on British and Pictish individuals. Making use of a wide range of sources from the early medieval period onwards, detailed case-studies consider individual men and women whose activities can be discerned. They assess how the movements of these individuals contributed towards wider trends in the dynamics of migration between Northern Britain and Ireland from the coming of Christianity until the close of the eighth century. The investigation also charts the manner in which such migration was perceived in later centuries and how these perceptions changed as time progressed. A picture emerges of how the ‘migration narrative’ was developed and engaged with in both Ireland and Scotland. This was to have a significant effect on how the character of the early Church was understood. 2 Declaration of Own Work I declare that the thesis has been composed by myself and that the work is my own. The work has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. All quoted sources have been acknowledged. __________________________ Oisín Kingsley Paul Plumb 26/10/2016 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................................... 11 Abbreviations .................................................................................................... 13 Editorial and Stylistic Conventions ................................................................... 14 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 17 2 Methodology and Introduction to the Sources ................................................... 27 2.1 Methodology .............................................................................................. 27 2.2 The Annals ................................................................................................. 35 2.3 The Martyrologies ...................................................................................... 42 2.4 Hagiography ............................................................................................... 47 2.5 Other Medieval Texts ................................................................................. 51 2.6 Later Texts .................................................................................................. 56 3 The Context of Pictish and British Ecclesiastical Migration .............................. 59 4 3.1 Non-Ecclesiastical Migration ..................................................................... 59 3.2 Ecclesiastical Migration from Irish- and English-speaking Northern Britain 65 4 The Early Church ............................................................................................... 79 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 79 4.2 Ailbe ........................................................................................................... 81 4.3 Mochta of Louth......................................................................................... 91 4.4 Relatives and Disciples of Patrick in the Book of Armagh ........................ 99 4.4.1 The Family of Foirtchernn, Fedelmid and Scoth Noe ......................... 102 4.4.2 Lommán .............................................................................................. 112 4.4.3 Munis .................................................................................................. 121 4.4.4 Broccaid and Broccán ......................................................................... 125 4.4.5 Mugenóc ............................................................................................. 130 4.4.6 Assessing the Additamenta ................................................................. 132 5 4.5 Conclusions .............................................................................................. 132 5 Uinniau ............................................................................................................. 135 5.1 Introduction to Uinniau ............................................................................ 135 5.1.1 Irish Evidence and the Vita Columbae ................................................ 136 5.1.2 Uinniau and Scotland .......................................................................... 139 5.1.3 Penitential and Gildas .......................................................................... 147 5.1.4 Uinniau’s Place of Origin .................................................................... 149 5.1.5 Next steps ............................................................................................ 150 5.2 Finnian Comes Home?: An Examination of Chapter IV of the ‘Pseudo- Cumméne’ Vita Columbae................................................................................................ 152 5.3 A Saint of Many Faces? Some Thoughts on Uinniau, Niniau and Monenna 162 5.4 Conclusions .............................................................................................. 178 6 Seven Brothers ................................................................................................. 181 6.1 Introduction .............................................................................................. 181 6 6.2 Troscán ..................................................................................................... 183 6.2.1 4/12 June ............................................................................................. 184 6.2.2 14 December ....................................................................................... 186 6.2.3 11 July ................................................................................................. 189 6.2.4 19 November ....................................................................................... 193 6.2.5 Closing Remarks ................................................................................. 197 6.3 A Note on a Poem in the Karlsruhe Augustine Codex ............................. 198 6.4 Torannán .................................................................................................. 200 6.4.1 Irish Sources ........................................................................................ 201 6.4.2 Inscriptions .......................................................................................... 202 6.4.3 Torannán and Columba ....................................................................... 203 6.4.4 Torannán and Palladius ....................................................................... 204 6.4.5 Torannán and Ternan .......................................................................... 209 6.4.6 Torannán and the Brothers .................................................................. 213 7 6.5 Mo-Chullian ............................................................................................. 214 6.6 Agatán ...................................................................................................... 218 6.7 Itharnaisc .................................................................................................. 220 6.7.1 Irish Calendars ..................................................................................... 220 6.7.2 Chronicles ............................................................................................ 221 6.7.3 Scottish Sources .................................................................................. 222 6.7.4 Inscriptions .......................................................................................... 228 6.7.5 Closing Remarks ................................................................................. 230 6.8 Eóganán .................................................................................................... 233 6.9 Mo-Thrianóc ............................................................................................. 239 6.10 Conclusions .......................................................................................... 245 6.10.1 The Four ............................................................................................ 245 6.10.2 The Three .........................................................................................
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