DOCSLIB.ORG

Book IJPHRD July 2020.Indb

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Book IJPHRD July 2020.Indb 1400 Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, July 2020, Vol. 11, No. 7 Detection of Intestinal Helminthic Infection in Rural Communities Using Concentration Method Nathkapach Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon1, Schawanya Kaewpitoon Rattanapitoon2, Nattawut Keeratibharat3, Pundit Asavaritikrai4, Alisa Boonsuya5, Phornphitcha Pechdee6 1 Assistant Professor, Parasitic Disease Research Center, 2Associate Professor/HOD, School of Translational Medicine, 3Lecturer, School of Surgery, 4HOD, Department of Medical Education, 5Research Assistant, Institute of Medicine, 6Research Scholar, Institute of Research Development, Suranaree University of Technology, Thailand Abstract This study was aimed to determine the intestinal helminthic infections (IHIs) among rural communities of Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 1, 2018 and June 30, 2019 among rural villagers from 22 rural villages of 2 sub-districts. The participants were randomly selected from village enrollment list after proportional allocation of the total sample size. IHIs were prepared by the mini parasep sf faecal concentrator; concentration method, and then were detected using light microscope. Data were analyzed using STATA for windows version 13 and p-value less than 5% was considered as statistically significant. Of the total 454 faecal specimens examined, 6 were positive for at least one intestinal helminthes making the prevalence 1.32%. The most prevalent helminthes were Opisthorchis viverrini (1.26%) and followed by Ascaris lumbricoides (0.39%), Strongyloides stercolaris (0.19%), and Taenia spp. (0.19%), respectively. No significant association was found between IHIs and socio-demographic characteristics (P >0.05). This study reveals that the decreased infection rate is under control and elimination is possible through the prevention and control campaign from Ministry of Public Health in collaborated with network teams in this areas. However, IHIs are found in adults that were particularly apparent regarding the food borne and soil transmitted species of helminthes. A greater focus on intervention is required by improving personal hygiene and sanitation to prevent the spread of IHIs. Using MPFC indicates that concentration method is useful in the rural communities, increasing the yield of parasites with greater processing time and cost. Keywords Detection, Intestinal helminthic Infection, rural community, Thailand Introduction in certain areas of the country3. Humans become infected by accidental ingestion of eggs at their infective The most common intestinal helminthic infections stages or through penetration of the skin by infected (IHIs) are the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). These larvae in soil, depending on the nematode species. indicate that more than 1.5 billion people, or 24% of the People with infections of heavier infections can cause a world’s population, are infected with soil-transmitted range of symptoms including intestinal manifestations; helminthic infections (STHs) worldwide1. In the abdominal pain and diarrhea, general malaise and ASEAN countries, it is estimated that 300 million people weakness, malnutrition, impaired growth and physical are infected with IHIs2. In 2014, the national prevalence development. Infections of very high intensity can cause rate of IHIs was 18.1% among 15,555 Thais with a high intestinal obstruction that should be treated surgically. prevalence rate of liver fluke and hookworm infections In the case with light infection and intensity usually do not suffer from the infection1. There are urgent needs to expand surveillance activities in rural areas of Thailand, Correspondence author: Nathkapach Rattanapitoon; as well as to ensure mass drug administration is provided [email protected] to populations at risk for intestinal helminthes infections. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, July 2020, Vol. 11, No. 7 1401 Previous studies of the prevalence of intestinal was examined under the microscope, initially screened helminthes among villagers showed a low incidence with a low-power objective lens. Suspected intestinal in Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province4. helminthes objects were subsequently examined under a However, no information was available regarding the high-power objective. All of samples were examined by prevalence and intensity of IHIs among the residents in two laboratory technologists. Patients who were infected the level of villages. Recently, Mini Parasep SF Faecal with intestinal helminthes and other known parasites Concentrator (MPFC); a concentration diagnosis tool were treated with anti- intestinal helminthic drugs. is used for detected the intestinal parasitic infection. Statistical analysis MPFC is the solvent-free faecal parasites concentrator represents a simple and useful method for isolating and Statistical analyzes were performed using the identifying helminth’s eggs and larvae, and protozoal computer program; STATA for windows version 13 cysts. The closed concentration system allows rapid, (StataCorp LLC, Lakeway Drive, College Station, reliable, and safe detection of intestinal parasites by Texas, USA). Socio-demographic characteristics of 5-8 inexperienced technologists . This data may able useful the participants were presented as frequencies and for further tool support the epidemiological survey in the percentages for the categorical variables. The different community. of infection between the categorical variables were assessed using Chi-square. Multivariate logistic Materials and Method regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds Study design and area ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) to assess the associations between potential risk factors and A cross-sectional survey was carried out from July prevalence of IHIs. A P-value of <0.05 was considered 1, 2018 and June 30, 2019 and included people living to be statistically significant. in 22 rural villages located in Khun Thong (12 villages) and Nong Bua Sa-At (10 villages) sub-district, Bua Yai Results district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, northeastern A total of 454 participants (296 male, 158 female) Thailand. The study area is located 355.4 km northeast were included. The overall prevalence of IHIs was of Bangkok and covers an area of 548.5 km2. 1.32% (6/454). The prevalence rate was frequently found Participants were randomly selected from each village in males 1.32% (6/454), aged 31–40 years old 1.32% using a voluntary sampling method. A total of 454 (6/454), primary school 1.32% (6/454), and agriculture volunteers were recruited. Data on socio-demographic 1.32% (6/454), and income of less than 5,000 Baht/ characteristics was collected using a questionnaire. All month (7.23%, 22/304) Table 1. Socio-demographic participants provided their own written consent before characteristics of the participants and IHIs were submitting stool specimens. computed the different in each variable using Chi-square Faecal collection and examination test and found that there were no a significant different between the prevalence of intestinal helminthes and Clean plastic containers were distributed to the each characteristics (Table 1). IHIs were identified asO. participants at enrollment with detailed instructions viverrini 1.26% (2/454) and followed by A. lumbricoides about the procedure for faecal specimen collection. 0.39% (2/454), S. stercolaris 0.19%(1/454), and Taenia All faecal samples were collected early in the morning spp. 0.19%(1/454), respectively. Socio-demographic and conserved in the iceboxes before transportation characteristics associated with IHIs were analyzed to the laboratory at the Parasitic Disease Research using multivariate analysis, are shown in Table 2. No Center, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of significant association was found between IHIs and Technology. Each specimen was prepared and examined participants’ gender, level of age, education, job status, for the presence of intestinal helminthes organisms by and location (P >0.05). mini-parasep sf faecal concentrator8,9. Each specimen 1402 Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, July 2020, Vol. 11, No. 7 Table 1. Positive rate of intestinal helminthic eggs categorized by general characteristics No. Samples No. positive Infection rate Variables Chi-square P-value n(%) n(%) (%) Gender Male 158(34.80) 4(2.53) 0.88 0.905 0.014 Female 296(63.87) 2(0.67) 0.44 Age (yr) 21-30 16(3.52) 0(0) 0 31-40 59(12.99) 3(5.08) 0.66 41-50 144(31.72) 2(1.39) 0.44 5.836 0.559 51-60 155(33.25) 1(0.64) 0.22 61-70 71(15.64) 0(0) 0 71-80 9(1.98) 0(0) 0 Education Illiterate 2(0.44) 0(0) 0 4.180 0.382 Primary 341(75.11) 3(0.88) 0.66 Secondary 93(20.48) 1(1.07) 0.22 Diploma 7(1.54) 1(14.28) 0.22 Academic 11(2.42) 1(9.09) 0.22 Job Status Famer 331(72.91) 4(1.20) 0.88 2.315 0.382 Employed 80(17.62) 1(1.25) 0.22 Trade 18(3.96) 0(0) 0 Housewife 15(3.30) 0(0) 0 Government officer 6(1.32) 1(16.67) 0.22 Other 4(0.88) 0(0) 0 Location (District) Nong Bua Sa-At 208(45.81) 3(1.44) 0.66 1.385 0.239 Khun Thong 246(54.18) 3(1.22) 0.66 Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, July 2020, Vol. 11, No. 7 1403 Table 2. Factors associated to intestinal helminthic infection using multivariate logistic regression analysis No. positive Infection Variables No. Samples n(%) OR (95%CI) P-value n(%) rate (%) Gender Male 158(34.80) 4(2.53) 0.88 1.066 (0.377-3.011) 0.905 Female 296(63.87) 2(0.67) 0.44 Age (yr) 21-30 16(3.52) 0(0) 0 0.920(0.576-1.470)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand During 2008 – 2017
    Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, July 2020, Vol. 11, No. 7 1453 The Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand During 2008 – 2017 Sumolrat Nimkingrat1, Kannitha Krongthamchat2, Sasithorn Tangsawad3, Anun Chaikoolvatana4, Kunthida Kingsawad5 1Student of Doctoral Program of Public Health, 2Faculty of Public Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; 3Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand; 4College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, 5Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Suphanburi Abstract Background: Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a major problem in public health of the world and in tropical area especially Africa and South-East Asia. An endemic area of DHF in Thailand has begun since 1949. DHF in Khon Kaen province increased and transmitted into all areas. This study examined the spatio- temporal pattern of DHF incidence in Khon Kaen during 2008-2017. Method: DHF data were obtained from Bereau of Vector Borne Disease, Khon Kaen province during 2008 – 2017 were geo-code at sub-district level. The data were acquired a space-time with elevated proportions of DHF incidence rate. The spatio-temporal technique analysis were conducted for a DHF transmission. Result: The DHF outbreak in Khon Kaen province, Thailand were decrease in every year but DHF was shifted from urban areas to rural areas. The spatial clustering analysis were identified the risk areas in the district that closed Nakhon Ratchasima province and shifted to Udon Thani province in 2015. Conclusion: The DHF clustered map is one of the best measurement for identified a risk area for surveillance.
    [Show full text]
  • เรื่องที่ 1 I Live in Bua Yai หลอม.Pub
    แบบฝึกทักษะการอ่านภาษาอังกฤษเพือการสือสารโดยใช้เอกสารจริง E ระดับชันมัธยมศึกษาปีที 5 กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ 1 ชุด All Around Me N I Live in Bua Yai G L I S โดย นางสุมาลี อุดารักษ์ ตําแหน่ง ครู วิทยฐานะ ชํานาญการ โรงเรียนบัวใหญ่ อ.บัวใหญ่ จ.นครราชสีมา H องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัดนครราชสีมา A คํานํา แบบฝึกทักษะการอ่านภาษาอังกฤษเพือการสือสารโดยใช้เอกสารจริง ระดับชันมัธยมศึกษาปีที5 กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ ชุด All Around Me เล่มที 1 เรือง I Live in Bua Yai สร้างและพัฒนาขึนเพือใช้ ประกอบกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้ภาษาต่างประเทศ ชันมัธยมศึกษาปีที5 เพือให้นักเรียนได้ศึกษาหา ความรู้ เนือเรืองในเล่มนีมีเนือหาสาระทีเป็นประโยชน์ ได้ความรู้ ได้ข้อคิดและอ้างอิงจากเอกสารจริงทีสามารถพบเห็น ได้ในชีวิตประจําวัน อีกทังยังส่งเสริมให้นักเรียนมีนิสัยรักการอ่านอีกด้วย แบบฝึกทักษะการอ่านภาษาอังกฤษเพือการสือสารโดยใช้เอกสารจริง เล่มนีผู้จัดทําได้นําเสนอ เนือหาทีอยู่รอบตัวเราโดยเริมต้นจากโรงเรียน อําเภอ จังหวัด ประเทศ อาเซียน โลกไปจนถึงจักรวาลอันกว้างใหญ่ ไพศาล ทําให้ผู้เรียนและผู้ทีศึกษาได้มองเห็นภาพการเรียนรู้ทีเริมต้นจากสิงใกล้ตัวไปยังสิงทีอยู่ไกลตัวออกไป เช่น โรงเรียน อําเภอ หรือจังหวัด เป็นต้น ผู้จัดทําหวังเป็นอย่างยิงว่า แบบฝึกทักษะการอ่านภาษาอังกฤษเพือการสือสาร โดยใช้เอกสารจริง เล่มนี จะเป็นประโยชน์แก่นักเรียน ครู - อาจารย์ หรือผู้ทีกําลังศึกษาค้นคว้าในเรืองนี ขอขอบพระคุณผู้ทีมีส่วนเกียวข้องทุกท่านทีได้ให้ความอนุเคราะห์ให้คําปรึกษา และข้อเสนอแนะ ตรวจสอบแก้ไข จนทําให้แบบฝึกทักษะการอ่านภาษาอังกฤษเพือการสือสาร โดยใช้เอกสารจริงเล่มนีสําเร็จลุล่วงด้วยดี สุมาลี อุดารักษ์ B สารบัญ เรือง หน้า คํานํา A สารบัญ B คําชีแจง 1 คําแนะนําสําหรับครู
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Science and Technology for Community Water-Related Disaster Risk Reduction
    Application of Science and Technology for Community Water-Related Disaster Risk Reduction Thailand Good Practices following His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej The Great’s Initiative towards Sustainable Development 2021 Edition Application of Science and Technology for Community Water-Related Disaster Risk Reduction Thailand Good Practices following His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej The Great’s Initiative towards Sustainable Development 2021 Edition Application of Science and Technology for Community Water-Related Disaster Risk Reduction Thailand Good Practices following His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej The Great’s Initiative towards Sustainable Development 2021 Edition Copyright © 2021 by Hydro - Informatics Institute (HII) All rights reserved. Printed in Thailand First Printing, July 2021, 3,000 Copies Published by: Utokapat Foundation under Royal Patronage of H.M. the King Hydro - Informatics Institute 901, 6th Floor, Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 2 158 0999 / Fax: +66 2 158 0998 Web site: www.utokapat.org Hydro - Informatics Institute (HII), Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation. 901 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Tel: +66 2 158 0901 / Fax: +66 2 158 0910 Web site: www.hii.or.th ISBN 978-616-584-008-8 2 | Application of Science and Technology for Community Water-Related Disaster Risk Reduction Foreword In a predominantly agricultural country like Thailand, “Water is Life”. However, water-related hazards such as flood and landslide, drought and saltwater intrusion affect people’s lives and cause economic losses. In addition, wastewater caused by unsustainable practices at household level as well as agriculture and industrial sectors is increasingly a problem.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2016 Metropolitan Waterworks Authority 132 M E T R O P O L I T a N W a T E R W O R K S a U T H O R I T Y
    ’Key principle is that there must be water for consumption and also for agriculture because that is where people live–if there is water people can live, there is no water people cannot live.„ (His Majesty the King's royal remarks given at the Chitralada Villa Royal Residence) Transparency "…Government officials-no matter what position, Responsibility of duty level and duty they hold-are all in important roles for the country. Therefore everyone has to perform one’s duty to utmost capability with ideal value, “…To work effectively and smoothly, it’s necessary strength, sacrifice and caution to ensure that to do with high responsibility, not distorting the everything in duty goes correctly, precisely and fact and neither distorting the true objective of always consciously aware that one’s behavior and the work. Most importantly, the meaning of a word duty performing have an effect to people’s “Responsibility” has to be understood… the well-being as well as the development or responsibility is a duty that is assigned to perform, deterioration of the country…" shall not be neglected…” His Majesty the King Rama 9's royal guidance given His Majesty the King Rama 9's royal guidance given on the occasion of the Civil Servant’s Day 2014 at Kasetsart University Commencement Ceremony, 16 July 1976 Khundanprakanchon Dam Project Royal Rainmaking Project Pa Sak Jolasid Dam Excellent Service Upholding the Good Development Corporate Governance Committed to elevating the service Committed to the prevention standard in parallel with developing and suppression of corruption the water production standard in in a concrete approach; become all processes to the fullest potential an organization with transparency, for clean, safe and sufficient ethics and morality-oriented water supply as well as in consistent management as well as with people’s demand for the social and environmental present and in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Northeastern Thailand (Chapter)
    Thailand Northeastern Thailand (Chapter) Edition 14th Edition, February 2012 Pages 97 PDF Page Range 406-502 Coverage includes: Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Nakhon Ratchasima (Khorat), Around Nakhon Ratchasima, Phimai, Khao Yai National Park, Buriram Province, Nang Rong, Phanom Rung Historical Park, Around Phanom Rung, Surin & Si Saket Provinces, Surin, Around Surin, Si Saket, Around Si Saket, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Ubon Ratchathani, Around Ubon Ratchathani Province, Chaiyaphum Province, Chaiyaphum, Around Chaiyaphum, Khon Kaen Province, Khon Kaen, Around Khon Kaen, Udon Thani Province, Udon Thani, Around Udon Thani, Nong Khai Province, Nong Khai, West Of Nong Khai, Loei Province, Loei, Chiang Khan, Phu Reua National Park, Dan Sai, Sirindhorn Art Centre, Tham Erawan, Phu Kradueng National Park, Bueng Kan Province, Bueng Kan, Ban Ahong, Wat Phu Tok, Ban Kham Pia, Nakhon Phanom Province, Nakhon Phanom, Renu Nakhon, That Phanom, Sakon Nakhon Province, Sakon Nakhon, Phu Phan Mountains, Mukdahan Province, Mukdahan, Around Mukdahan, Yasothon & Roi Et Provinces, Yasothon, Around Yasothon, Roi Et, Around Roi Et, Sa Kaew Province and Aranya Prathet. Useful Links: Having trouble viewing your file? Head to Lonely Planet Troubleshooting. Need more assistance? Head to the Help and Support page. Want to find more chapters? Head back to the Lonely Planet Shop. Want to hear fellow travellers’ tips and experiences? Lonely Planet’s Thorntree Community is waiting for you! © Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd. To make it easier for you to use, access to this chapter is not digitally restricted. In return, we think it’s fair to ask you to use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. In other words, please don’t upload this chapter to a peer-to-peer site, mass email it to everyone you know, or resell it.
    [Show full text]
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE Opisthorchis Viverrini Infection Among People In
    APJCP.2016.17.6.2973 Opisthorchis viverrini Infection Among People in the Border Areas of Three Province, Northeast of Thailand RESEARCH ARTICLE Opisthorchis viverrini Infection Among People in the Border Areas of Three Provinces, Northeast of Thailand Soraya J Kaewpitoon1,2,3*, Ratana Rujirakul1, Parichart Wakkuwattapong1, Likit Matrakool3,4, Taweesak Tongtawee3,4, Sukij Panpimanmas3,4, Prasit Pengsaa1, Darawan Jomkoa1, Apinya Joosiri1, Natthawut Kaewpitoon1,3,5 Abstract Opisthorchis viverrini is still a serious problem in Northeastern and Northern Thailand. Active surveillance is required to determine updated data for further prevention and control planning. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence and risk factors for O. viverrini in three provinces, Northeastern Thailand. A cross- sectional survey was conducted during October 2015 to March 2016 at Kaeng Sanam Nang district of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Waeng Noi district of Khon Kaen province, and Khon Sawan district of Chaiyaphum province, Thailand. Stool samples were examined by using a modified Kato-Katz Thick smear technique. From a total of 978 participants screened, O. viverrini infection was found in 1.74%, the majority opf positive cases being male (6.62%), age group 51-60 years old (4.21%), educated at primary school (8.43%), occupied with agriculture (9.62%),having an income <4,000 baht per month (4.82%), and living in Khon Sawan district (8.43%). Participants had a high knowledge level (42.43%), good attitude level (34.76%), and fair level (38.04%). The present study indicates the O. viverrini infection rate is low, but elderly males with primary school education involved in agriculture are still frequently effected particularly in Khon Sawan district.
    [Show full text]
  • The Prevalence of Intestinal Helminth Infection in Rural Subdistricts of Northeastern Thailand
    Tropical Biomedicine 36(1): 152–164 (2019) The prevalence of intestinal helminth infection in rural subdistricts of northeastern Thailand Kaewpitoon, S.J.1,2*, Ponphimai, S.1,2, Pechdee, P.1, Thueng-in, K.1,2, Khiaowichit, J.1,2, Meererksom, T.1,2,3, Wakhuwatapong, P.1, Bukkhunthod, P.1,2, Leng, M.1,2, Namhong, T.1,2, Taweepakdeechot, A.1,2, Yardcharoen, N.1,2, Srithongklang, W.1,2, Keeratibharat, N.1,2, Chansangrat, J.1,2 and Kaewpitoon, N.1,2 1Parasitic Disease Research Center, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand 2School of Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand 3Department of Business Computer, Faculty of Management Science, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand *Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected] Received 27 August 2018; received in revised form 24 October 2018; accepted 25 October 2018 Abstract. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of intestinal helminth infections (IHIs) among rural villagers in Waeng Noi district, Khon Kaen Province, northeastern Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 1 and July 30, 2018, among rural villagers from 30 rural villages in 2 subdistricts. The participants were selected from the village enrollment list after proportional allocation of the total sample size. The background characteristic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Specimens from patients with IHIs were prepared by concentration with a Faecal Parasite Concentrator–Solvent-Free (Mini Parasep® SF), and helminths were then detected using a light microscope. Of the 400 faecal specimens examined, 23 were positive for at least one intestinal helminth, resulting in a prevalence of 5.75%.
    [Show full text]