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CRISUNS Ontology for Theses and Dissertations

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CRISUNS Ontology for Theses and Dissertations CRISUNS ontology for theses and dissertations Lidija Ivanović1, Bojana Dimić Surla2, Milan Segedinac3, Dragan Ivanović3 1University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Education, Sombor 2University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Novi Sad 3University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Novi Sad Abstract - A research management system CRIS UNS has This paper proposes representation of data about theses and been developed for the needs of the University of Novi dissertations using semantic web technologies. The Sad. The digital library of theses and dissertations has been CRISUNS ontology that is described in this paper uses developed as a part of the system CRIS UNS. This paper concepts of the Dublin Core (http://dublincore.org) proposes an ontology for semantic description of metadata ontology and the Friend of a Friend ontology about theses and dissertations based on FOAF and Dublin (http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/) for representing data about Core Terms ontologies. The proposed ontology extends theses and dissertations. mentioned ontologies with elements which exist in the system CRIS UNS and are not supported by those 2 RELATED WORK ontologies. The purpose of this research is creation of a semantic web service which will make publicly available The importance of public access to research results metadata about theses and dissertations (stored in the CRIS published in digital form for further development of science UNS database) for other software systems. is the subject of the papers [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. 1. INTRODUCTION Metadata about these and dissertations are stored in various systems such as NDLTD, DART-Europe, institutional By 2012 theses and dissertations in digital format along repositories, research management systems, etc. Important with associated metadata are made available through sources of theses and dissertations are networks of digital various applications such as digital libraries, research theses and dissertations such as NDLTD (Networked management systems, institutional repositories, etc. Digital Library of Thesis and Dissertations - http://www.ndltd.org/), DART-Europe (http://www.dart- euroCRIS is a non-profit organization, dedicated to the europe.eu). NDLTD is an international organization whose development of research management systems and their aim is the creation of a worldwide network of theses and interoperability (http://www.eurocris.org/). The dissertations in digital form. Currently, there are over one organization promotes CRIS (Current Research million theses and dissertations in digital form in the Information System), an information system of scientific network. DART-Europe is network of European theses and research projects, researchers and research institutions. The dissertations. standard data model used in CRIS is CERIF (Common An institutional repository is a software system for storing European Research Information Format) which enables scientific research results (including theses and interoperability between scientific research information dissertations) of some research institution in digital form. systems that contain information about people, projects, organizations, publications, patents, equipments, etc. In recent years, the cooperation between various systems that contain theses and dissertations is discussed [9, 10]. A research information system of the University of Novi The paper [11] describes the NARCIS portal that integrates Sad called CRIS UNS is under development. The system’s research management systems of the Netherlands and development is based upon recommendations and actions DARENET (Digital Academic Repositories in the of the organization euroCRIS and the system is compatible Netherlands). Furthermore, the paper [12] describes the with the CERIF data model. Furthermore, the system cooperation between research management systems and supports the entry, search and evaluation of scientific digital libraries of Pretoria University. The CRIS-IR group results. (http://www.eurocris.org/Index.php?page=CRIS- IR_workplan&t=1) aims to find out an optimal solution for Motivation for the research described in this paper is the interoperability of research management systems and creation of a semantic web service which will make institutional repositories taking into account all relevant publicly available metadata about theses and dissertations aspects. The main goal of the CRIS-OAR Interoperability (stored in the CRIS UNS database) for other software project (http://www.knowledge- systems. In this way availability of theses and dissertations exchange.info/Default.aspx?ID=340) is to increase the of research institutions that use CRIS UNS will be interoperability between research management systems and increased, and therefore the rating of those research Open Access Repositories by proposing a metadata institutions will be improved. exchange format. 164 2.1 CRIS explicit specifications of conceptualizations by which the Research management systems are very important for the meaning of data is formally represented, i.e. ontologies are development of science [13]. Intent of those systems is used [23]. Basic semantic web technologies are Resource collecting data about research institutions, researchers, Description Framework (RDF) [24], RDF Schema (RDFS) research projects, equipment, published results and other and Web Ontology Language (OWL). The main subject of relevant data for scientific research activity. In order to this paper is representation of data about theses and enable date exchange among research management systems dissertations using semantic web technologies. Further in and to enable researchers to find the information in this section a short review of ontologies for representation different systems, those systems should be built on some bibliographic data is provided. The review includes Dublin standards. CERIF (Common European Research Core, MarcOnt, ontologies in CRIS systems and the BIBO Information Format) is one such standard that proposes the ontology. data model that allows the interoperability among research management systems [14]. By 2012 many research Dublin Core information systems have been developed such as: IST World (http://www.ist-world.org/), The Dublin Core metadata standard is a simple and HunCRIS effective element set intended to describe wide range of (http://nkr.info.omikk.bme.hu/HunCRIS_eng.htm) digital resources [25]. Dublin Core Metadata Initiative has CRIStin (http://www.cristin.no/), defined a standard way of refining Dublin Core elements Pure (http://www.atira.dk/en/pure/), and they encourage the use of controlled vocabularies in CRIS UNS (http://cris.uns.ac.rs/), addition to Dublin Core elements. In the original set of Dublin Core elements the method for representing etc. bibliographical references is not specified. The method is CRIS UNS is a CERIF compatible research management specified by guidelines [26] which emerged through the system that has been being developed since 2008 at the activities of DCMI workgroup [27]. University of Novi Sad. This system is a part of the project BISIS (http://www.bisis.uns.ac.rs/). In this paper we use the Dublin Core Terms ontology (http://purl.org/dc/terms/) in which all the properties are CRIS UNS is built on the CERIF-compatible data model defined as object and datatype properties, instead of based on the MARC 21 bibliographic format described in annotation properties. The choice of ontology was mainly the paper [15]. Implementation of the subsystems which affected by the possibility of introducing new subproperties enable the input of the metadata about the published in CRISUNS ontology. scientific research results is described in the papers [16, 17]. Furthermore, automatic extraction of metadata from MarcOnT scientific publications for CRIS UNS system is main subject of the paper [18]. CRIS UNS allows the researchers MarcOnT is an ontology aimed at semantic representation to input their own data without any explicit knowledge of of bibliographical descriptions. Most of the classic library the CERIF data model and MARC 21 format. Scientific- systems rely on MARC 21 standard, while new digital research outputs stored in the system database are available libraries tend to support semantically richer forms such as via the Internet. The system meets the requirements: Dublin Core or BibTeX. The conversion among the forms Prescribed by the Ministry of Education and is possible, but it can introduce the loss of information [28]. Science of Serbia in the field of scientific results evaluation. Therefore, the system data model is The three standards reflect the trichotomy of the library extended with necessary entities [19]. users: librarians tend to use MARC 21, researchers most Prescribed by the CERIF standard. often use BibTeX, while Dublin Core suits the generic Internet users best [29]. Data model and architecture of the system CRIS UNS allow easy integration of the system with library The representation of bibliographic references is an aspect information systems, interoperability of the system with of bibliographic descriptions, but, since bibliographic other European CERIF-compatible national systems, as descriptions are used to represent the publications which well as interoperability with various systems that contain are not bibliographic references (e.g. books, maps, scientific contents [20]. electronic sources), MarcOnT turns out to be too wide scoped for cases in which only bibliographical references 2.2 Putting bibliographic data onto the Semantic Web are represented. Despite
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