DOCSLIB.ORG

AFR 53/20/92 Distr: UA/SC 17 September

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
AFR 53/20/92 Distr: UA/SC 17 September EXTERNAL (for general distribution) AI Index: AFR 53/20/92 Distr: UA/SC 17 September 1992 Further information on UA 286/92 (AFR 53/19/92, 10 September 1992) - Extrajudicial Execution and new concern Fear of Extrajudicial Execution SOUTH AFRICA (Ciskei): Thembinkosi BILLY*, 23 years old Sipho COLOGU, age unknown Hambile King GADU*, 33 years old Thubani GOLA, 20 years old Sipho KHUMDULO*, 19 years old Mondi MFONKWE*, age unknown Nkosemtu MOTMON*, 23 years old Myna MYENA*, 63 years old Headman NONTSHINGA*, 29 years old Zanathemba SKEPU, age unknown * Please note officially confirmed corrections to names The South African Police have released the names of 28 marchers who were killed on 7 September 1992 when members of the Ciskei Defence Force opened fire on unarmed supporters of the African National Congress (ANC) near Bisho in the Eastern Cape. In addition to those named above, those killed include Peter BOOI, Mxwamadoda DYANTYI, Vuyani FULANI, Nkuleko HOLONGANYANE, Xolani KALENI, Thobile KALI, Zwelitsha LALI, Jongile MANE, Suputsu MATIKINCA, Mbulelo MAWGONA, Vukani MBULA, Jongile MENE, Harold NDZULANE, Nosipho NETENYANA, Twelve NQAMNTWINI, Zolile NQAYI, Zamile NQWALA, Luzuko RAMNQWANA. Official sources also confirmed the identity of the Ciskei Defence Force soldier, Private V S Nqabisa, who was shot dead under still unconfirmed circumstances on the same day. In the aftermath of international condemnation of the killing and wounding of the unarmed demonstrators on 7 September, the South African Government ordered a judicial inquiry into the killings. Initially it appeared that the South African Government intended to leave the inquiry in the hands of the Ciskei authorities. However South African State President F W de Klerk ordered Mr Justice R Goldstone, chair of the Commission of Inquiry regarding the Prevention of Public Violence and Intimidation (the Goldstone Commission), to conduct an inquiry into the shootings. Amnesty International is seeking information regarding the terms of reference of this inquiry. At the very least the Government's decision to order an inquiry by the Goldstone Commission indicates some willingness by the Pretoria authorities to recognize their responsibility for the actions of the Ciskei Defence Force. Amnesty International remains concerned, however, that the Government should move swiftly to amend the laws and regulations governing the use of firearms by law enforcement officials, and that it should act promptly to ensure that members of the security forces who may be found by the Commission to be responsible, directly or indirectly, for unlawful and arbitrary killings are suspended from duty and brought to justice. Amnesty International also remains concerned about continuing reports of assaults by members of the Ciskei Defence Force against "homeland" residents, particularly in the villages near Keiskammahoek, Alice/Fort Hare University, and Zwelitsha. According to these reports, in the days following the 7 September killings, soldiers are alleged to have gone from house to house indiscriminately assaulting the occupants, and in some cases handing them over to the Ciskei Police or to conservative supporters of Brigadier Gqozo with further assaults then taking place. Some of the soldiers involved in these assaults appear to have been responding to earlier attacks against their own homes by Ciskeians angered by the killings on 7 September. However the indiscriminate nature of these assaults by the military, often accompanied by verbal abuse against the victims for alleged support of the ANC, indicates that the assaults are part of a continuous pattern of repression by the Ciskei security forces against perceived supporters of the ANC. On Wednesday 9 September the Supreme Court in Bisho ordered the Ciskei Defence Force to refrain from assaulting named individuals and members of the ANC throughout the territory of the Ciskei. As a consequence of the continuing assaults, Ciskeian residents and the ANC have applied to the Bisho Supreme Court for a further order against the Ciskei Defence Force. The court has not yet given a final judgment. FURTHER RECOMMENDED ACTION: Please send telegrams/telexes/faxes/express and airmail letters: - expressing concern at continuing reports the Ciskei residents suspected of having participated in the ANC march have been harassed and assaulted by members of the security forces, apparently in defiance of a Supreme Court order issued on 9 September 1992; - urging that immediate steps are taken to ensure that members of the security forces comply with the 9 September Supreme Court restraining order; - noting that State President F W de Klerk has ordered the Goldstone Commission to conduct an inquiry into the 7 September killings and calling for those found to be responsible for unlawful killings to be suspended from duty and brought to justice, and for the victims and their families to be compensated; - urging the authorities to amend the laws and regulations governing the use of firearms and to commit themselves to the United Nations Basic Principles on use of Force and Firearms by law enforcement officials adopted in 1990, which prohibits the use of live ammunition against non-violent demonstrators, even if the demonstration is illegal. APPEALS TO: 1) Mr F W de Klerk Salutation: Dear President President, State President's Office Private Bag X83, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Telegrams: President De Klerk, Pretoria, South Africa Telexes: 321695 SPLIB SA, 321890 PRES SA, 322158 PRES SA Faxes: + 27 12 323 3982 2) Brigadier O Gqozo Salutation: Dear Brigadier Gqozo Chairman of the Military Council Private Bag X0016, Bisho, Ciskei, South Africa Telegrams: Brigadier Gqozo, Military Council Chairman, Ciskei, South Africa 3) Mr R F Botha Salutation: Dear Minister Minister of Foreign Affairs Department of Foreign Affairs Private Bag X152, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Telegrams: Foreign Minister, Pretoria, South Africa Telexes: 0959 350060 EXTERN TTX SA Faxes: + 27 12 323 1664 4) Brigadier Marius Oelschig Salutation: Dear Brigadier Oelschig Chief of the Ciskei Defence Force c/o Ciskei Defence Force Private Bag X0002, Bisho, Ciskei, South Africa Telegrams: Chief Ciskei Defence Force, Ciskei, South Africa 5) Mr E Louw Salutation: Dear Minister Minister of Defence Department of Defence Private Bag X427, Pretoria 0001, South Africa Telegrams: Defence Minister, Pretoria, South Africa Telexes: 320502 Faxes: + 27 12 323 1664 COPIES OF YOUR APPEALS TO: - The Editor, The Sowetan, POB 6663, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; - The Editor, Daily Dispatch, POB 131, East London 5200, South Africa; - Independent Board of Inquiry into Informal Repression, POB 816, East London 5200, South Africa; - Lawyers for Human Rights, East London Office, POB 816, East London 5200, South Africa; - Border Council of Churches, POB 966, King William's Town 5600, South Africa; and to diplomatic representatives of South Africa accredited to your country. PLEASE SEND APPEALS IMMEDIATELY. Check with the International Secretariat, or your section office, if sending appeals after 28 October 1992. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • South·Africa in Transition
    POLITICS OF HOPE AND TERROR: South ·Africa in Transition Report on Violence in South Africa by an American Friends Service Committee Study Team November 1992 The American Friends Service Committee's concern over Southern Africa has grown out of over 60 years of relationships since the first visit by a representative of the organization. In 1982 the AFSC Board of Directors approved the release of a full length book, Challenge and Hope, as a statement of its views on South Africa. Since 1977 the AFSC has had a national Southern Africa educational program in its Peace Education Division. AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE 1501 Cherry Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 (215) 241-7000 AFSC REGIONAL OFFICES: Southeastern Region, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, 92 Piedmont Avenue, NE; Middle Atlantic Region, Baltimore, Maryland 21212, 4806 York Road; New England Region, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, 2161 Massachusetts Avenue; Great Lakes Region, Chicago, Illinois 60605, 59 E. Van Buren Street, Suite 1400; North Central Region, Des Moines, Iowa 50312, 4211 Grand Avenue; New York Metropolitan Region, New York, New York 10003, 15 Rutherford Place; Pacific Southwest Region, Pasadena, California 91103, 980 N. Fair Oaks Avenue; Pacific Mountain Region, San Francisco, California 94121,2160 Lake Street; Pacific Northwest Region, Seattle, Washington 98105, 814 N.E. 40th Street. CONTENTS II THE AFSC DELEGATION 1 PREFACE III POLITICS OF HOPE AND TERROR: South Africa in Transition 1 THE BASIC VIOLENCE 2 ANALYZING THE VIOLENCE 5 THE HIDDEN HAND 7 RETALIATION 9 POLICE INVESTIGATIONS 11 LESSONS FROM THE BOIPATONG MASSACRE 12 HOMELAND VIOLENCE IN CISKEI AND KWAZULU 13 HOMELAND LEADERS BUTHELEZI AND GQOZO 16 CONCLUSION 19 RECOMMENDATIONS 20 ACRONYMS 21 TEAM INTERVIEWS AND MEETINGS 22 THE AFSC DELEGATION TO SOUTH AFRICA The American Friends Service Committee's Board of Directors approved a proposal in June 1992 for a delegation to visit South Africa to study the escalating violence there.
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa
    Safrica Page 1 of 42 Recent Reports Support HRW About HRW Site Map May 1995 Vol. 7, No.3 SOUTH AFRICA THREATS TO A NEW DEMOCRACY Continuing Violence in KwaZulu-Natal INTRODUCTION For the last decade South Africa's KwaZulu-Natal region has been troubled by political violence. This conflict escalated during the four years of negotiations for a transition to democratic rule, and reached the status of a virtual civil war in the last months before the national elections of April 1994, significantly disrupting the election process. Although the first year of democratic government in South Africa has led to a decrease in the monthly death toll, the figures remain high enough to threaten the process of national reconstruction. In particular, violence may prevent the establishment of democratic local government structures in KwaZulu-Natal following further elections scheduled to be held on November 1, 1995. The basis of this violence remains the conflict between the African National Congress (ANC), now the leading party in the Government of National Unity, and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), the majority party within the new region of KwaZulu-Natal that replaced the former white province of Natal and the black homeland of KwaZulu. Although the IFP abandoned a boycott of the negotiations process and election campaign in order to participate in the April 1994 poll, following last minute concessions to its position, neither this decision nor the election itself finally resolved the points at issue. While the ANC has argued during the year since the election that the final constitutional arrangements for South Africa should include a relatively centralized government and the introduction of elected government structures at all levels, the IFP has maintained instead that South Africa's regions should form a federal system, and that the colonial tribal government structures should remain in place in the former homelands.
    [Show full text]
  • Ÿþm Icrosoft W
    !I !I AZULU !I p 4 -e T LAST FACEBRICK 1 WE PROMISE YOU THE BEST SERVICE AND THE BEST QUALITY AT THE BEST PRICES MMEGASTONE (PTY) LTD. f%.No OOMMe7 Pnywmn IM~'/per PLASTER AVAILABLE IN: - PROTEA GLEN - DOBSONVILLE - KAGISO X6 - VOSLOORUS X16 - EVATON-NORTH - LAKESIDE - TEMBISA - MAMELODI - ETWATWA - MOHLAKLNG A member of JFMO GROUP LID. South Africa PHONE FOR FURTHER INFORMATION (011) 337-4230 VISIT OUR JHB OFFICES: 2nd FLOOR, LANDMARK BLDG., 94 PRESIDENT STREET (Cor. SMAL ST.) FAX: 337-6197 OR VISIT OUR OFFICE IN PROTEA GLEN OPEN 7 DAYS A WEEK - 24 HOURS A DAY I am interested in buying a house Name: from MEGASTONE (Pty) Ltd Address: Send this coupon to: Employee: MEGASTONE (Pty) Ltd. Tel (Home): (Work): P0 BOX 1045, Jhb iCombined monthly income R: - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --............................. MAYI BUY! Volume 3, No 10 * November 1992 In this issue: REGULARS 3 Editorial 4 Readers speak out 6 News roundup 44 On the bookshelf 45 Play Review: Some of my best friends are cultural workers CURRENT SCENE 2 Photo page: Away with the racist parliament! 8 Sunrise and sunset: negotiations in the new phase 18 Welfare and Wham: the Lebowa experience 19 Water: a political weapon 30 Angola: any chance for democracy? ANC 12 Mass action: towards an integrated strategy 14 KwaZulu: repression north of the Tugela 16 Vryheid: a patriotic chief besieged FEATURES 21 Asinamali: food for all 24 Umkhonto soldiers come out of prison: interviews with Mthetheleli Mncube, Robert McBride and Mzondeleli Nondula 28 Pension pay-offs: South
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Adler, G. and Webster, E. (eds.) (2000) Trade Unions and Democratization in South Africa 1985±1998. London: Macmillan. Adler, J. (1994) `Life in an Informal Settlement'. Urban Forum, vol. 5, no. 2. Altbeker, A. and Steinberg, J. (1998) `Race, Reason and Representation in National Party Discourse, 1990±1992', in D. Howarth and A. Norval, (eds.) South Africa in Transition: New Theoretical Perspectives. London: Macmillan. Althusser, L. (1990) Philosophy and the Spontaneous Philosophy of the Scientists and Other Essays. London: Verso. Anacleti, O. (1990) `African Non-Governmental OrganisationsÐDo They Have a Future?' in Critical Choices for the NGO Community: African Development in the 1990s. Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh. ANC (African National Congress). (1980) `Strategies and Tactics', in B. Turok (ed.) Revolutionary Thought in the 20th Century. London: Zed Press. ANC (1985) Kabwe Consultative Conference. Unpublished minutes from the Commissions on Cadre Development and Strategies and Tactics. ANC (1986) `Attack! Attack! Give the Enemy No Quarter. Annual anniversary statement by the national executive committee of the ANC, 8 January 1986'. Sechaba, March edition. ANC (1994) The Reconstruction and Development Programme. Johannesburg: Uma- nyano Publications. Anon. (1985) `Building a tradition of resistance'. Work in Progress, no. 12. Anyang'Nyong'o, P. (ed.) (1987) Popular Struggles for Democracy in Africa. London: Zed Press. Atkinson, D. (1991) `Cities and Citizenship: Towards a Normative Analysis of the Urban Order in South Africa, with Special Reference to East London, 1950±1986'. Ph.D. thesis, University of Natal. Atkinson, D. (1992) `Negotiated Urban Development: Lessons from the Coal Face'. Centre for Policy Studies research report no.
    [Show full text]
  • Trc-Media-Sapa-2000.Pdf
    GRAHAMSTOWN Jan 5 Sapa THREE OF DE KOCK'S CO-ACCUSED TO CHALLENGE TRC DECISION Three former security branch policemen plan to challenge the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's decision to refuse them and seven of their former colleagues, including Eugene de Kock, amnesty for the 1989 murder of four policemen. De Kock, Daniel Snyman, Nicholaas Janse Van Rensburg, Gerhardus Lotz, Jacobus Kok, Wybrand Du Toit, Nicolaas Vermeulen, Marthinus Ras and Gideon Nieuwoudt admitted responsibility for the massive car bomb which claimed the lives of Warrant Officer Mbalala Mgoduka, Sergeant Amos Faku, Sergeant Desmond Mpipa and an Askari named Xolile Shepherd Sekati. The four men died when a bomb hidden in the police car they were travelling in was detonated in a deserted area in Motherwell, Port Elizabeth, late at night in December 1989. Lawyer for Nieuwoudt, Lotz and Van Rensburg, Francois van der Merwe said he would shortly give notice to the TRC of their intention to take on review the decision to refuse the nine men amnesty. He said the judgment would be taken on review in its entirety, and if it was overturned by the court, the TRC would once again have to apply its mind to the matter in respect of all nine applicants. The applicants had been "unfairly treated", he said and the judges had failed to properly apply their mind to the matter. The amnesty decision was split, with Acting Judge Denzil Potgieter and Judge Bernard Ngoepe finding in the majority decision that the nine men did not qualify for amnesty as the act was not associated with a political objective and was not directed against members of the ANC or other liberation movements.
    [Show full text]
  • We Were Cut Off from the Comprehension of Our Surroundings
    Black Peril, White Fear – Representations of Violence and Race in South Africa’s English Press, 1976-2002, and Their Influence on Public Opinion Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität zu Köln vorgelegt von Christine Ullmann Institut für Völkerkunde Universität zu Köln Köln, Mai 2005 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The work presented here is the result of years of research, writing, re-writing and editing. It was a long time in the making, and may not have been completed at all had it not been for the support of a great number of people, all of whom have my deep appreciation. In particular, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Michael Bollig, Prof. Dr. Richard Janney, Dr. Melanie Moll, Professor Keyan Tomaselli, Professor Ruth Teer-Tomaselli, and Prof. Dr. Teun A. van Dijk for their help, encouragement, and constructive criticism. My special thanks to Dr Petr Skalník for his unflinching support and encouraging supervision, and to Mark Loftus for his proof-reading and help with all language issues. I am equally grateful to all who welcomed me to South Africa and dedicated their time, knowledge and effort to helping me. The warmth and support I received was incredible. Special thanks to the Burch family for their help settling in, and my dear friend in George for showing me the nature of determination. Finally, without the unstinting support of my two colleagues, Angelika Kitzmantel and Silke Olig, and the moral and financial backing of my family, I would surely have despaired. Thank you all for being there for me. We were cut off from the comprehension of our surroundings; we glided past like phantoms, wondering and secretly appalled, as sane men would be before an enthusiastic outbreak in a madhouse.
    [Show full text]
  • Panel Discussion
    ID: International Dialogue, A Multidisciplinary Journal of World Affairs 9 2019 Panel Discussion Are Reparations Possible? Lessons to the United States from South Africa The Honorable Richard Goldstone, Dr. Lewis Gordon, Dr. Alecia Anderson (moderator)* The Honorable Richard Goldstone is a former justice of South Africa’s Constitutional Court. He was instrumental in several key decisions that worked to unravel South Africa’s system of apartheid. He worked closely with Nelson Mandela during the transition from apartheid and headed the Goldstone Commission, which was created to investigate ongoing police violence. Goldstone also served as the first Chief Prosecutor of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, prosecuting numerous war crimes. Goldstone has received the International Human Rights Award of the American Bar Association, the Thomas J. Dodd Prize in International Justice and Human Rights, and the MacArthur Award for International Justice. Dr. Lewis Gordon is Professor of Philosophy with affiliations in Jewish Studies, Caribbean and Latinx Studies, Asian and Asian American Studies, and Global Studies at the University of Connecticut at Storrs. He has written extensively on race and racism, postcolonial phenomenology, the works of Frantz Fanon and W.E.B. Du Bois, social and political philosophy, aesthetics, and Black existentialism. Among his many notable accomplishments, Gordon founded the Center for Afro-Jewish Studies in Philadelphia, which provided reliable sources of information on African Diasporic Jewish and Hebrew populations and the Second Chance Program at Lehman High School in New York, which was designed for in-school truants. Gordon also holds Visiting Professor appointments at Toulouse University in France and Rhodes University in South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • South Africa: Historical Background Greg Moran
    Third World Legal Studies Volume 14 The Governance of Internal Security Forces Article 8 in Sub-Saharan Africa 1-8-1997 Human Rights and the Structure of Internal Security Forces – South Africa: Historical Background Greg Moran Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/twls Recommended Citation Moran, Greg (1997) "Human Rights and the Structure of Internal Security Forces – South Africa: Historical Background," Third World Legal Studies: Vol. 14, Article 8. Available at: http://scholar.valpo.edu/twls/vol14/iss1/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Valparaiso University Law School at ValpoScholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Third World Legal Studies by an authorized administrator of ValpoScholar. For more information, please contact a ValpoScholar staff member at [email protected]. HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE STRUCTURE OF INTERNAL SECURITY FORCES SOUTH AFRICA: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND By Greg Moran* The apartheid policies that characterised most of the period of colonial rule, both formally (after 1948) and informally before, left an indelible mark on the consciousness of South Africans, (and on the map of the country prior to 1994). The policy of creating separate homelands for each of the black ethnic groupings and pushing these to independence to ensure the survival of white South Africa, lead to the creation of numerous police and armed forces. The records of all of these are severely blemished and their histories steeped in blood. At present, moves are afoot to incorporate all of these security forces into unified bodies: the South African National Defense Force (SANDF) and the South African Police Services (SAPS).
    [Show full text]
  • Xv Abbreviations ABET ABMVA ACDA AFC AIDS AK47 ANC APLA
    Abbreviations ABET Adult Basic Education and Training ABMVA Advisory Board on Military Veterans' Affairs ACDA United Nations Arms Control and Disarmament Agency AFC Agricultural Finance Corporation (in Zimbabwe) AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AK47 Avtomat Kalashnikova, Model 1947 (assault rifle) ANC African National Congress APLA Azanian People's Liberation Army APLAMVA APLA Military Veterans' Association ARMSCOR Armaments Corporation of South Africa AU African Union (formerly Organisation of African Unity) AWB Afrikaner Weerstands Beweging (Afrikaner Resistance Movement) AWOL Absent Without Official Leave AZANLA Azanian National Liberation Army AZAPO Azanian People's Organisation BAC Base Advice Centres BAe British Aerospace BDF Bophuthatswana Defence Force BDP Banco Popular de Desinvolvimento (a Mozambican bank) BICC Bonn International Center for Conversion BMATT British Military Advisory and Training Team CAT Centre for Advanced Training CCB Civilian Co-operation Bureau CCN Council of Churches in Namibia CCPM Joint Political-Military Commission (in Angola) CCR Centre for Conflict Resolution CDF Ciskei Defence Force CDI Center for Defense Information (US) CIDA Canadian International Development Agency CMVO Council of Military Veterans' Organisations CODESA Convention for a Democratic South Africa CORE Commission for Reintegration (in Mozambique) COREMO Mozambique Revolutionary Committee xv COSAWR Committee on South African War Resistance CP Chief Personnel (SANDF) CPR Certified Personnel Register CSVR Centre for the Study of
    [Show full text]
  • Dispossession, Displacement, and the Making of the Shared Minibus Taxi in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa, 1930-Present
    Sithutha Isizwe (“We Carry the Nation”): Dispossession, Displacement, and the Making of the Shared Minibus Taxi in Cape Town and Johannesburg, South Africa, 1930-Present A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Elliot Landon James IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Allen F. Isaacman & Helena Pohlandt-McCormick November 2018 Elliot Landon James 2018 copyright Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................. ii List of Abbreviations ......................................................................................................iii Prologue .......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 ....................................................................................................................... 17 Introduction: Dispossession and Displacement: Questions Framing Thesis Chapter 2 ....................................................................................................................... 94 Historical Antecedents of the Shared Minibus Taxi: The Cape Colony, 1830-1930 Chapter 3 ..................................................................................................................... 135 Apartheid, Forced Removals, and Public Transportation in Cape Town, 1945-1978 Chapter 4 ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report
    VOLUME THREE Truth and Reconciliation Commission of South Africa Report The report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission was presented to President Nelson Mandela on 29 October 1998. Archbishop Desmond Tutu Ms Hlengiwe Mkhize Chairperson Dr Alex Boraine Mr Dumisa Ntsebeza Vice-Chairperson Ms Mary Burton Dr Wendy Orr Revd Bongani Finca Adv Denzil Potgieter Ms Sisi Khampepe Dr Fazel Randera Mr Richard Lyster Ms Yasmin Sooka Mr Wynand Malan* Ms Glenda Wildschut Dr Khoza Mgojo * Subject to minority position. See volume 5. Chief Executive Officer: Dr Biki Minyuku I CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction to Regional Profiles ........ 1 Appendix: National Chronology......................... 12 Chapter 2 REGIONAL PROFILE: Eastern Cape ..................................................... 34 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Eastern Cape........................................................... 150 Chapter 3 REGIONAL PROFILE: Natal and KwaZulu ........................................ 155 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in Natal, KwaZulu and the Orange Free State... 324 Chapter 4 REGIONAL PROFILE: Orange Free State.......................................... 329 Chapter 5 REGIONAL PROFILE: Western Cape.................................................... 390 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Western Cape ......................................................... 523 Chapter 6 REGIONAL PROFILE: Transvaal .............................................................. 528 Appendix: Statistics on Violations in the Transvaal ......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • A South African Diary: Contested Identity, My Family - Our Story
    How many bones must you bury before you can call yourself an African? Updated February 2012 A South African Diary: Contested Identity, My Family - Our Story Part F: 1975 - 1986 Compiled by: Dr. Anthony Turton [email protected] Caution in the use and interpretation of these data This document consists of events data presented in chronological order. It is designed to give the reader an insight into the complex drivers at work over time, by showing how many events were occurring simultaneously. It is also designed to guide future research by serious scholars, who would verify all data independently as a matter of sound scholarship and never accept this as being valid in its own right. Read together, they indicate a trend, whereas read in isolation, they become sterile facts devoid of much meaning. Given that they are “facts”, their origin is generally not cited, as a fact belongs to nobody. On occasion where an interpretation is made, then the commentator’s name is cited as appropriate. Where similar information is shown for different dates, it is because some confusion exists on the exact detail of that event, so the reader must use caution when interpreting it, because a “fact” is something over which no alternate interpretation can be given. These events data are considered by the author to be relevant, based on his professional experience as a trained researcher. Own judgement must be used at all times . All users are urged to verify these data independently. The individual selection of data also represents the author’s bias, so the dataset must not be regarded as being complete.
    [Show full text]