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A Linux Newspaper in This First Installment of a Three- Part Series, Former Newspaper Art Director Jason Walsh Looks at Pub- Lishing in Linux

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A Linux Newspaper in This First Installment of a Three- Part Series, Former Newspaper Art Director Jason Walsh Looks at Pub- Lishing in Linux Linux for Layout: Scribus KNOW HOW Linux Layout with Scribus A Linux Newspaper In this first installment of a three- part series, former newspaper art director Jason Walsh looks at pub- lishing in Linux. Jason will create a dummy newspaper using Scribus and other Linux applications, and have it tested in a real-world press situation. BY JASON WALSH he key to the increasing industrial “Hello World” of Linux desktop publish- are already familiar with from using penetration of Linux thus-far has ing. Photoshop and Illustrator. Neither Quark Tnot been in the taking over of gen- nor InDesign is available for Linux, nor eralized desktop computer usage; A brief History of Publishing are they likely to be any time soon. instead it has been by systematically Prior to the development of WYSIWYG attacking niche areas of computing, desktop publishing systems, the produc- Introducing Scribus notably web serving, scientific com- tion of newspapers and magazines was a All is not lost however. In typical open- puting, and code development. It is complicated and arcane process involv- source fashion, when an application was indisputable that this has been a major ing specialist equipment such as linotype not available, a group of developers got success – Linux now effectively owns machines, process cameras, and bromide together to produce a free alternative. several key areas of computing. prints. The graphical user interface of That alternative is Scribus (see Figure 1). One area where Linux has not been the Apple Macintosh and its original Installing Scribus is reasonably making major inroads is publishing, an killer app, Pagemaker, changed that for- straightforward – unfortunately, no uni- industry that remains the almost exclu- ever. Finally layout was accessible to versally compatible binary packages are sive preserve of the Apple Macintosh. anyone, at least anyone who could afford available, but compiling is a simple After years of directing potential users to a Mac and a copy of Pagemaker. enough matter: complex and unwieldy applications such Pagemaker’s dominance has long since as LayTeX, Linux finally has some excel- dwindled to the point where it is a fringe ./configure lent WYSIWYG desktop publishing tools. product used largely by businesses to put make In this series. we will produce four together newsletters. The major applica- make install dummy newspaper pages under Linux tion in the professional publishing world and have them appraised by David is Quark XPress In the late-1990s a seri- Then configure. Alternatively, RPMs Hunter at the pre-press department of ous challenger to Quark’s dominance are available for RedHat systems, while the Belfast News Letter, the world’s arrived from the Adobe stable: InDesign. Gentoo and Debian are also supported. oldest continuously published daily Eng- InDesign offers most of the features of lish-language newspaper. Quark Xpress, as well as many new fea- Page Maker Programmers amongst you may wish tures not found in Quark, all with the For our project we are working with spe- to think of this mini-publication as the Adobe user interface, which designers cific, predefined requirements. The end www.linux-magazine.com December 2004 53 KNOW HOW Linux for Layout: Scribus result will be a number Within this central rectangle, of pages from a tabloid we will later define our main lay- newspaper. The first step out of five columns of text. is to define the shape and Scribus handles columns in a size of your page, along slightly different manner from with some common para- other DTP apps – more on that meters: margins and later – but the design is efficient columns. and very usable. Figure 2 shows the Lay- The New Document dialog has out Properties dialog in a few other options: Automatic Quark XPress 6 on Mac text frames fills the printable area OS X. (Layout > Layout with a text frame on every newly Properties). If you are con- created page, handy for long doc- verting to Scribus from ument creation such as book Quark, step one is to copy design, but not relevant here. down this basic data and The remaining options are enter it into Scribus. If related to imposition. Make sure you are creating a new Figure 1: Scribus running on Suse 9.1. Finally, professional-quality desktop you check the Facing Pages layout, define equivalent publishing comes to Linux. option, which calls for a layout in layout properties as two-page spreads. required. page and whether it will be left of right When the pages are printed, they are Why not simply import the original facing. in pairs. The front and back pages are Quark template into Scribus? Unfortu- Our project is 297mm x 386mm; together and are folded in the middle nately, Scribus cannot import files from slightly squatter than most tabloids and and wrapped around the next set and so other layout applications. As the devel- roughly analogous with the size of the on. A complete newspaper is produced opers themselves say, “DTP file formats British Independent newspaper. This from several files with varying number are very complex internally – probably means we enter the page width as of pages, rather than from a single file the most complex on a PC. Creating 297mm and height as 386mm. containing the entire newspaper. This import/export filters is a task far more Printing right to the edge of the page design allows different pages to be pro- complex than importing a spreadsheet or (called full-bleed in the industry) is com- duced at different times (and by different simpler word processing file formats.” mon in magazines, but rare in persons), and it stops the Scribus files This is an impediment, but it is not an newspapers as the presses are generally from becoming unmanageably large. uncommon problem. Adobe InDesign not capable of it. Even when it is possi- can open files from Quark 4 but not ble, it is never called for on the front Frame Based Layout Quark 5 or 6. Quark cannot open any page. We need to define a printable area, Some open-source commentators have InDesign files whatsoever, nor can Quark and we do this by setting margin guides complained about the Scribus interface, Version 6 “save down” to Version 4. in the New Document dialog. These criticizing it as not suitable for the home Showing a degree of forward thinking properties are defined by the press and user. (This is a strange criticism of a and openness that neither Quark nor differ from newspaper to newspaper. In piece of software aimed at the profes- Adobe display, Scribus uses XML stan- our case, the margins are set up as: Top, sional user.) Both Quark XPress and dards for its native file format, meaning 29mm; Bottom, 16mm; Inside 8mm; Adobe InDesign doubtlessly seem that it may be possible to open Scribus Outside 23mm. files in other layout applications in the The margins are set un- future. evenly in order to create a “Tabloid” in US-terms generally refers rectangular box of 265mm x to a specific page size of 279.4mm x 340mm-this is the minimum 431.8mm. In Europe, tabloid is a more printable area on each page- general term referring to a roughly A3 in the correct position. newspaper page size, half the size of a On some pages, items can broadsheet produced on the same press. be outside this central rectan- The New Document dialog in Scribus gle; on others it would result is where the basic page is initially cre- in items not being printed. ated (see Figure 3). The page that we are This is an issue of pagination creating will serve as a template for all and page imposition that is, subsequent front pages (and in fact, for again, set by the newspaper all other pages, albeit in a slightly modi- press rather than the fied form). Our templates are very basic, designer, so we shall not be Figure 2:The Layout Properties menu in Quark XPress display- simply defining the size and shape of the dealing with it in detail here. ing the page defaults for the East Belfast Observer. 54 December 2004 www.linux-magazine.com Linux for Layout: Scribus KNOW HOW at the press. There solution in the form of LittleCMS. Home are too many users may not need to install LittleCMS, variables to be but for professional output it is a must. absolutely confi- LittleCMS includes standard ICC color dent, and many of profiles and thus with LittleCMS them cannot be installed, PDF files produced in Scribus controlled from will be printed just as they appear on the desktop. The screen. Without it you’ll be guessing grade and type of how any given color will come out in paper used, the print. quality and viscos- It’s important to note that LittleCMS is Figure 3:The New Document dialog in Scribus. In this dialog the basic format ity of ink, the type not an application in its own right, rather of the page is defined. Here we have used the EBO settings taken from the and age of the it is a programmers’ library that can be original Quark file. press, and the skill used in application development – of the printers will Scribus is one of the applications that counter-intuitive to amateurs, but pub- all have a massive effect on the final makes use of it. If you install it before lishing is a complex business – this is not output. installing Scribus, Scribus will automa- word processing. One of the areas that is hardest to get tically use it. A greater problem facing Scribus is the right is reproduction of color, and Sadly, in Linux, the only mainstream fact that a stable, universally compatible although all of the issues listed above bitmap image editor that supports color binary is not available.
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