Voices of Virginia
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Mason VOICES OF VIRGINIA Voices of Virginia pulls together oral histories from across decades and archives in an all-audio source companion for Virginia’s high school and college students. The complete "album" contains dozens of short oral histories from eyewitnesses to key moments in American history from the Civil An Auditory War to the present. Excerpts are downloadable, accessible by smartphone, and accompanied by a transcript. You’ll also find brief historical context adapted from experts at Encyclopedia Primary Virginia and American Yawp, and classroom tools like discussion questions, activities, and lesson plans that fit Virginia high Source school standards. By telling the larger national story with narratives from across the Commonwealth, Voices of Virginia grounds students in how history guides and is guided by Reader everyday people. Jessica Taylor, editor with Emily Stewart Department of History, with the University Libraries Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University Audio and additional resources: https://soundcloud.com/vt-stories/sets/voices-of-virginia http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96912 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Audio files are the property of the originating archive and were released by their owners under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 license. Over twenty archives across Virginia and the region have generously donated segments of their oral histories to Voices of Virginia to ensure that the content remains free to use and repurpose for all listeners. Those archives include: African American Historical Society of Portsmouth Amherst Glebe Arts Response Archives of Appalachia (Eastern Tennessee State University) Cape Charles Rosenwald Initiative Center for Documentary Studies and the David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library (Duke University) Charles City County Richard M. Bowman Center for Local History Chuck Mauro, private collection (Herndon, VA) Clarence Dunnaville (American Civil War Museum) Desegregation of Virginia Education Project (Old Dominion University) Digital Library of Appalachia (Appalachian College Association) Eastern Shore of Virginia Barrier Islands Center Friends of the Rappahannock George Mason University Grayson County Historical Society Greene County Historical Society Mountain Home Center (Bland County Public Schools) Old Dominion University Libraries Special Collections and University Archives Oral History Archives at Columbia (Columbia University) Roanoke Public Library (Southwest Virginia LGBTQ+ History Project) Samuel Proctor Oral History Program (University of Florida) Southern Foodways Alliance (University of Mississippi) Lesson plans contributed as CC BY NC SA by Hannah Ange, Annalisa Pitman, and Dalton Ragland. Audio file hosting provided by: VT Stories’ SoundCloud: https://soundcloud.com/vt-stories/sets/voices-of-virginia University Libraries at Virginia Tech: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96912 This work was made possible in part by the University Libraries at Virginia Tech’s Open Education Initiative Faculty Grant program. [email protected] Voices of Virginia: An Auditory Primary Source Reader Jessica Taylor, editor with Emily Stewart Freely available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96912 Feedback welcome at: https://bit.ly/VoicesOfVirginia Copyright © 2020 Jessica Taylor and Emily Stewart (collection) Audio files are the property of the originating archive and were released by their owners under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike 4.0 license. This compilation is licensed with a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial Share-Alike 4.0 license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0. You are free to copy, share, adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for non-commercial purposes as long as you follow the terms of the license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode. An excerpt of To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee is reproduced in Lesson Plan 5 under Fair Use. Links to external sources may be copyrighted material and are subject to their own terms of use. Unless otherwise noted, Context text is adapted from: • Encyclopedia Virginia www.encyclopediavirginia.org which licenses their content under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA) license • The American Yawp www.americanyawp.com which licenses their content under a Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike (CC BY-SA 4.0). Content adapted from The American Yawp remains under a CC BY-SA 4.0 license. • National Park Service [Public Domain] Cover design: Jessica Taylor Layout: Sarah Mease. Anita Walz, and Jessica Taylor TABLE OF CONTENTS This compilation is aligned and organized according to the History and Social Science Standards for Virginia Public Schools (March 2015). Retrieved January 2020 from: http://www.doe.virginia.gov/testing/sol/standards_docs/history_socialscience/index.shtml Section I: Transcripts, context, and discussion questions Expansion (VUS.6) Years Title Description Audio Page 1880- Collecting Chief Anne Richardson discusses Richardson_A_VUS6.mp3 2 1920 People how and why the Rappahannock Download tribe has moved across Virginia Listen and around the country, and how they maintained community ties across distance. 1920 My Mommy Gladys Carter remembers how her Carter_G_VUS6.mp3 4 Voted mother voted for Democrat James Download Cox in the 1920 election, the first Listen presidential election after the passage of the nineteenth amendment guaranteeing all citizens the franchise regardless of gender. Civil War and Reconstruction (VUS.7) Years Title Description Audio Page 1850s- No Henry William West tells the story of how West_W_VUS7.mp3 6 1860s his uncle escaped slavery and Download found his family after the war. Listen 1860s Go Up in Using her grandfather’s ghost Unidentified_VUS7.mp3 8 There and stories, an unidentified woman Download Hide discusses the cave system in Listen Franklin County, where during the Civil War deserters supposedly took shelter. 1860s You Better Haywood Blevins performs a Blevins_H_VUS7.mp3 10 Say It Right happy tune on the piano and Download Now explains that it played while Listen deserters were executed. v Industrialization and Jim Crow (VUS.8) Years Title Description Audio Page 1910s Get Your Railroad worker E.E. Johnson sings Johnson_E1_VUS8.mp3 12 Dog On a song that helped him and other Download coordinate the hard work of laying Listen down railroad tracks through the mountains of western Virginia. 1910s You Got a Railroad worker E.E. Johnson Johnson_E2_VUS8.mp3 14 Red Light explains the ins and outs of bosses Download and doing the job right while laying Listen railroad track. 1900s The Mrs. Martin remembers how the Martin_VUS8.mp3 16 Hammer ballad of John Henry stretched from Download that Killed a railroad song to influence popular Listen John music across racial lines. Henry 1910s You Want Journalist William Walker Walker_W2_VUS8.mp3 18 a Job? remembers how young black men Download were recruited to work in Northern Listen cities by large corporations. 1910s Father Nat Terry recalls how immigrant Terry_N_VUS8.mp3 20 Renamed laborers broke a strike in the Download Him seafood industry on the Eastern Listen Shore. 1920s They Would Clarence Phillips remembers Phillips_C1_VUS8.mp3 21 Buy Them how Hungarian and Polish Download Chickens immigrants contributed to their Listen mining community, trading with native-born residents and baking bread that Phillips grew to love. 1920s Right in Front Homer Philpott describes his Philpott_H_VUS8.mp3 24 of the travels over county and state Download Courthouse lines as a bootlegger during Listen Prohibition. vi Years Title Description Audio Page 1920s- Picked Up Archaeologist and Pamunkey Spivey_A_VUS8.mp3 26 1970s That Life Indian Dr. Ashley Spivey Download Again explains how Pamunkey culture Listen changed and stayed the same over the course of the twentieth century. 1930s String the Jenny Wong recounts her Wong_J_VUS8.mp3 29 Height of My family’s many voyages between Download Mother Virginia and Canton, China, and Listen their pursuit of business success and education in the United States. 1920 Eagerly Journalist and newspaper Walker__W1_VUS8.mp3 31 Sought After owner William Walker recounts Download how coverage of African- Listen Americans in the news changed as lynchings continued across the South and the Great Migration to the North began. 1930s Can You Learn Olivia James Cherry discusses Cherry_O_VUS8.mp3 33 My Name growing up in a black Download resettlement community during Listen the Great Depression, and disrespect she encountered from white employers in the Hampton area. 1930s The Way We Alma Boone Mitchell Mitchell_A_VUS8.mp3 36 Were Supposed remembers learning the rules of Download to Live segregation as a black child Listen playing, and young woman working, in Norfolk. 1930s The Other Side Social studies teacher Porter_C_VUS8.mp3 39 of Town Celestine Diggs Porter Download describes how Norfolk’s black Listen communities created separate leisure activities and social networks, all without crossing into the white section of town. 1940s I Got My Candy Pauline Foreman remembers Foreman_P_VUS8.mp3 41 Apples skirting residential segregation Download on her mission to get candy Listen apples on Halloween. vii Years Title Description Audio Page 1940s- Interested in George Colden describes the Colden_G_VUS8.mp3 43 1950s Reading long struggle to build a black Download library in Portsmouth, and how Listen the library’s collections changed his life. 1950s Things That You Audrey Morris describes her