University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-2006 Courage under fire : African American firefighters and the struggle for racial equality/ David A. Goldberg University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Goldberg, David A., "Courage under fire : African American firefighters and the struggle for racial equality/" (2006). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 920. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/920 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. University of Massachusetts Amherst Library COURAGE UNDER FIRE: AFRICAN AMERICAN FIREFIGHTERS AND THE STRUGGLE FOR RACIAL EQUALITY A Dissertation Presented by DAVID A. GOLDBERG Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment Of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY February 2006 Department of Afro-American Studies COURAGE UNDER FIRE: AFRICAN AMERICAN FIREFIGHTERS AND STRUGGLE FOR RACIAL EQUALITY A Dissertation Presented by DAVID A. GOLDBERG Approved as to style and content by: JohrilH. Bracey , Jr., Chai/ Manisha Sinha, Member William Strickland, Member Jarqgs Green, Member Esther MA. Terry, Departmejrtmept Chair W.E.B. Du Bois Department of Afro-American Studies © Copyright by David A. Goldberg 2006 All Rights Reserved DEDICATION To: All African Americans who have struggled for respect and equality in the fire service, my godson, Jordan Weinhaus; and the memory of Arthur "Smokestack" Hardy and my beloved grandmother, Helen Brenner.