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The 2009 Atlantic Hurricane Season in Perspective by Dr
AIRCURRENTS THE 2009 ATLANTIC EDITor’s noTE: November 30 marked the official end of the Atlantic HURRICANE SEASON hurricane season. With nine named storms, including three hurricanes, and no U.S. landfalling hurricanes, this season was the second quietest since IN PERSPECTIVE 1995, the year the present period of above-average sea surface temperatures (SSTs) began. This year’s relative inactivity stands in sharp contrast to the 2008 season, during which Hurricanes Dolly, Gustav, and Ike battered the Gulf Coast, causing well over 10 billion USD in insured losses. With no U.S. landfalling hurricanes in 2009, but a near miss in the Northeast, 2009 reminds us yet again of the dramatic short term variability in hurricane 12.2009 landfalls, regardless of whether SSTs are above or below average. By Dr. Peter S. Dailey HOW DOES ACTIVITY IN 2009 COMPARE TO Hurricanes are much more intense than tropical storms, LONG-TERM AVERAGES? producing winds of at least 74 mph. Only about half of By all standard measures, the 2009 Atlantic hurricane tropical storms reach hurricane strength in a typical year, season was below average. Figure 1 shows the evolution with an average of six hurricanes by year end. Major of a “typical” season, which reflects the long-term hurricanes, with winds of 111 mph or more, are even rarer, climatological average over many decades of activity. with only about three expected in the typical year. Note the Tropical storms, which produce winds of at least 39 mph, sharp increase in activity during the core of the season—the occur rather frequently. -
The Influences of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons
Meteorology Senior Theses Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects 2018 The nflueI nces of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons Hannah Messier Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/mteor_stheses Part of the Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Messier, Hannah, "The nflueI nces of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons" (2018). Meteorology Senior Theses. 40. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/mteor_stheses/40 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Meteorology Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Influences of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons Hannah Messier Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Alex Gonzalez — Mentor Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa Joshua J. Alland — Mentor Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York ABSTRACT The summertime behavior of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), African Easterly Jet (AEJ), and the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) can provide clues about key physical aspects of a particular hurricane season. More accurate tropical weather forecasts are imperative to those living in coastal areas around the United States to prevent loss of life and property. -
A Hyperactive 2020 Hurricane Season
SHORELINES – January 2021 As presented to the Island Review magazine A Hyperactive 2020 Hurricane Season The 2020 Hurricane Season (Figure 1) made history on three noticeable accounts – (1) for the most cyclones (tropical storms and hurricanes) recorded for a single season at 30, (2) for the most cyclones in any month (10 in September), and (3) for the most U.S. Landfalling cyclones in a season at 12. Our closest “near miss” here along the Crystal Coast came when hurricane Isaias made landfall as a Category 1 hurricane south of Cape Fear in Brunswick County during the waning hours of August 3rd. And by virtue of doing so, became the earliest fifth named cyclone to make landfall in the U.S. (another record). In some regards this level of activity was expected – an above average forecast was predicted based predominantly upon the premise that sea surface temperatures were expected to be warmer-than-normal in the Main Development Region (MDR) of the Atlantic and weak tradewinds were also expected in the eastern part of the MDR. Hence the fuel (warm water) was in place for cyclones to develop and little shear was aloft to stymie any cyclones that did begin to form. Also, weak La Niña or “El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cool phase” conditions were predicted to be present during the peak of hurricane season, which also can favor, rather than suppress cyclone development. Figure 1 – Graphic prepared by the National Weather Service (NOAA) depicting cyclone tracks and intensities reported for the 2020 hurricane season. - 1 - In reality La Niña conditions were stronger than anticipated and this phenomenon coupled with the warm waters and lack of shear described above proved to be a recipe for a “hyperactive” season as we will detail below, and was notable for a high degree of late season activity in the months of October and November. -
ABSTRACT Title of Document: the EFFECT of HURRICANE SANDY
ABSTRACT Title of Document: THE EFFECT OF HURRICANE SANDY ON NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL MARSHES EVALUATED WITH SATELLITE IMAGERY Diana Marie Roman, Master of Science, August 2015 Directed By: Professor, Michael S. Kearney, Environmental Science and Technology Hurricane Sandy, one of several large extratropical hurricanes to impact New Jersey since 1900, produced some of the most extensive coastal destruction within the last fifty years. Though the damage to barrier islands from Sandy was well-documented, the effect of Sandy on the New Jersey coastal marshes has not. The objective of this analysis, based on twenty-three Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data sets collected between 1984 and 2011 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images collected between 2013 and 2014 was to determine the effect of Hurricane Sandy on the New Jersey Atlantic coastal marshes. Image processing was performed using ENVI image analysis software with the NDX model (Rogers and Kearney, 2004). Results support the conclusion that the marshes were stable between 1984 and 2006, but had decreased in vegetation density coverage since 2007. Hurricane Sandy caused the greatest damage to low-lying marshes located close to where landfall occurred. THE EFFECT OF HURRICANE SANDY ON NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL MARSHES EVALUATED WITH SATELLITE IMAGERY by Diana Marie Roman Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science 2015 Advisory Committee: Professor Michael Kearney, Chair Professor Andrew Baldwin Associate Professor Andrew Elmore © Copyright by Diana Marie Roman 2015 Forward Hurricane storm impacts on coastal salt marshes have increased over time. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy sutwnitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 UMI ‘‘Sustainable Tourism for Smali Towns in the Maritimes’ A thesis submitted by Shaimna Mowatt-Densmore in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Atlantic Canada Studies at Saint Mary’s University, Halifax, Nova Scotia. April 2001 Approved by: r. James H. Morrisdn -supervisor) Dr. -
Florida Housing Coalition Hurricane Member Update Webinar May 1, 2020 Sponsored by Fannie Mae AGENDA
Florida Housing Coalition Hurricane Member Update Webinar May 1, 2020 Sponsored by Fannie Mae AGENDA • COVID-19 Updates • NOAA, National Hurricane Center, and National Weather Service: Preparing for Hurricane Season COVID-19 SHIP Frequently Asked Questions New Content on Topics Including: • File Documentation • Technical Revisions • Rental Assistance • Mortgage Assistance • Foreclosure Counseling • Reporting COVID SHIP Assistance FAQ File Documentation Question Upcoming COVID-19 Trainings “Implementing Effective Rental Assistance Programs with Federal and State Resources” May 13 at 10:00 am https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/7291419462613166863 “COVID-19 SHIP Rent Assistance Implementation" May 18 at 2:00 pm https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/7691296448631153675 “COVID-19 SHIP Mortgage Assistance Implementation" May 20 at 2:00 pm https://attendee.gotowebinar.com/register/620374553799087627 Recent COVID-19 Trainings Recordings: • Emergency SHIP Assistance for Renters https://vimeo.com/403418248 • Helping Homeowners with COVID-19 SHIP Emergency Assistance https://vimeo.com/407646578 • Assisting Homeless and Special Needs Populations through COVID-19 https://vimeo.com/405609513 • Virtual SHIP https://vimeo.com/410260129 NOAA, National Hurricane Center, and National Weather Service: Preparing for Hurricane Season Andrew Latto NHC Hurricane Specialist [email protected] Regarding evacuations and planning: • https://www.weather.gov/wrn/2020-hurricane- evacuation Regarding Evacuations and Planning Regarding evacuations and planning: -
The Atlantic Hurricane Database Re-Analysis Project
Columbia University Press, 2004 178 HISTORIC VARIABILITY 7 The Atlantic Hurricane Database Re-analysis Project: Documentation for 1851-1910 Alterations and Additions to the HURDAT Database Christopher W. Landsea, Craig Anderson, Noel Charles, Gilbert Clark, Jason Dunion, Jose Fernandez-Partagas, Paul Hungerford, Charlie Neumann, Mark Zimmer A re-analysis of the Atlantic basin tropical storm and hurricane database (“best track”) for the period of 1851 to 1910 has been completed. This reworking and extension back in time of the main archive for tropical cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico was necessary to correct systematic and random errors and biases in the data as well as to incorporate the recent historical analyses by Partagas and Diaz. The re-analysis project provides the revised tropical storm and hurricane database, a metadata file detailing individual changes for each tropical cyclone, a “center fix” file of raw tropical cyclone observations, a collection of U.S. landfalling tropical storms and hurricanes, and comments from/replies to the National Hurricane Center’s Best Track Change Committee. This chapter details the methodologies and references utilized for this re-analysis of the Atlantic tropical cyclone record. This chapter provides documentation of the first efforts to re-analyze the National Hurricane Center's (NHC's) North Atlantic hurricane database (or HURDAT, also called “best tracks” since they are the “best” determination of track and intensity in a post-season analysis of the tropical cyclones). The original database of six-hourly tropical cyclone (i.e. tropical storms and hurricanes) positions and intensities was assembled in the 1960s in support of the Apollo space program to help provide statistical tropical cyclone track forecasting guidance (Jarvinen et al. -
Hurricane & Tropical Storm
5.8 HURRICANE & TROPICAL STORM SECTION 5.8 HURRICANE AND TROPICAL STORM 5.8.1 HAZARD DESCRIPTION A tropical cyclone is a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that originates over tropical or sub-tropical waters and has a closed low-level circulation. Tropical depressions, tropical storms, and hurricanes are all considered tropical cyclones. These storms rotate counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere around the center and are accompanied by heavy rain and strong winds (NOAA, 2013). Almost all tropical storms and hurricanes in the Atlantic basin (which includes the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea) form between June 1 and November 30 (hurricane season). August and September are peak months for hurricane development. The average wind speeds for tropical storms and hurricanes are listed below: . A tropical depression has a maximum sustained wind speeds of 38 miles per hour (mph) or less . A tropical storm has maximum sustained wind speeds of 39 to 73 mph . A hurricane has maximum sustained wind speeds of 74 mph or higher. In the western North Pacific, hurricanes are called typhoons; similar storms in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean are called cyclones. A major hurricane has maximum sustained wind speeds of 111 mph or higher (NOAA, 2013). Over a two-year period, the United States coastline is struck by an average of three hurricanes, one of which is classified as a major hurricane. Hurricanes, tropical storms, and tropical depressions may pose a threat to life and property. These storms bring heavy rain, storm surge and flooding (NOAA, 2013). The cooler waters off the coast of New Jersey can serve to diminish the energy of storms that have traveled up the eastern seaboard. -
HURRICANE TEDDY (AL202020) 12–23 September 2020
r d NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER TROPICAL CYCLONE REPORT HURRICANE TEDDY (AL202020) 12–23 September 2020 Eric S. Blake National Hurricane Center 28 April 2021 NASA TERRA MODIS VISIBLE SATELLITE IMAGE OF HURRICANE TEDDY AT 1520 UTC 22 SEPTEMBER 2020. Teddy was a classic, long-lived Cape Verde category 4 hurricane on the Saffir- Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. It passed northeast of the Leeward Islands and became extremely large over the central Atlantic, eventually making landfall in Nova Scotia as a 55-kt extratropical cyclone. There were 3 direct deaths in the United States due to rip currents. Hurricane Teddy 2 Hurricane Teddy 12–23 SEPTEMBER 2020 SYNOPTIC HISTORY Teddy originated from a strong tropical wave that moved off the west coast of Africa on 10 September, accompanied by a large area of deep convection. The wave was experiencing moderate northeasterly shear, but a broad area of low pressure and banding features still formed on 11 September a few hundred n mi southwest of the Cabo Verde Islands. Convection decreased late that day, as typically happens in the evening diurnal minimum period, but increased early on 12 September. This convection led to the development of a well-defined surface center, confirmed by scatterometer data, and the formation of a tropical depression near 0600 UTC 12 September about 500 n mi southwest of the Cabo Verde Islands. The “best track” chart of the tropical cyclone’s path is given in Fig. 1, with the wind and pressure histories shown in Figs. 2 and 3, respectively. The best track positions and intensities are listed in Table 1.1 After the depression formed, further development was slow during the next couple of days due to a combination of northeasterly shear, dry air in the mid-levels and the large size and radius of maximum winds of the system. -
Downloaded 10/05/21 07:00 AM UTC 3074 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW VOLUME 145
AUGUST 2017 H A Z E L T O N E T A L . 3073 Analyzing Simulated Convective Bursts in Two Atlantic Hurricanes. Part I: Burst Formation and Development a ANDREW T. HAZELTON Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida ROBERT F. ROGERS NOAA/AOML/Hurricane Research Division, Miami, Florida ROBERT E. HART Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida (Manuscript received 15 July 2016, in final form 21 April 2017) ABSTRACT Understanding the structure and evolution of the tropical cyclone (TC) inner core remains an elusive challenge in tropical meteorology, especially the role of transient asymmetric features such as localized strong updrafts known as convective bursts (CBs). This study investigates the formation of CBs and their role in TC structure and evolution using high-resolution simulations of two Atlantic hurricanes (Dean in 2007 and Bill in 2009) with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. Several different aspects of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the TC inner-core region are investigated with respect to their influence on TC convective burst development. Composites with CBs show stronger radial inflow in the lowest 2 km, and stronger radial outflow from the eye to the eyewall around z 5 2–4 km, than composites without CBs. Asymmetric vorticity associated with eyewall mesovortices appears to be a major factor in some of the radial flow anomalies that lead to CB development. The anomalous outflow from these mesovortices, along with outflow from supergradient parcels above the boundary layer, favors low-level convergence and also appears to mix high-ue air from the eye into the eyewall. -
Storm Watcher Pdf, Epub, Ebook
STORM WATCHER PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Maria V Snyder | 228 pages | 05 May 2013 | Leap Books, LLC | 9781616030339 | English | Powell, WY, United States National Hurricane Center Tropical Storm Wilfred forms over the eastern Atlantic. Tropical Depression 22 forms in the Gulf of Mexico. September 17, September 14, Hurricane Teddy forms over the central Atlantic. September 16, Hurricane Sally has formed over the Gulf of Mexico. September 12, Paulette is now a hurricane over the northwestern Atlantic. September 13, The NHC indicates that Nana has become a hurricane and is expected to make landfall along the coast of Belize tonight. September 02, Tropical Storm Omar forms off the east coast of the United States. September 01, Marco has become a hurricane and could make landfall near the Louisiana coast on Monday. August 23, Tropical Storm Laura becomes a hurricane , forecast to reach category 3 before making landfall on the south coast of the USA. August 25, Tropical Storm Kyle has formed off the east coast of the United States. August 14, August 13, Tropical Depression 10 forms over the eastern Atlantic. J uly 31, Hurricane Isaias moving closer towards southern Florida. August 01, Hanna strengthens and has become the first hurricane of the Atlantic season. July 25, J uly 22, Tropical Storm Fay has formed near the coast of North Carolina. July 09, July 05, Tropical Storm Dolly forms over the north Atlantic. June 23, June 2, Tropical Storm Bertha has formed near the coast of South Carolina this morning. May 27, May 16, Storm Names for the Atlantic Hurricane Season. Tropical Storm Arthur. -
Hurricane Teddy
eVENT Hurricane Tracking Advisory Hurricane Teddy Information from NHC Advisory 40A, 8:00 AM AST Tue Sep 22, 2020 On the forecast track, the center will move over eastern Nova Scotia on Wednesday, and then near or over Newfoundland by Wednesday night. Maximum sustained winds are near 105 mph (165 km/h) with higher gusts. Although some weakening is likely later today and Wednesday, Teddy should be a strong post-tropical cyclone when it moves near and over Nova Scotia. Intensity Measures Position & Heading U.S. Landfall (NHC) Max Sustained Wind 105 mph Position Relative to 365 mi S of Halifax Nova Scotia Speed: (category 2) Land: Est. Time & Region: n/a Min Central Pressure: 950 mb Coordinates: 39.3 N, 63.5 W Trop. Storm Force Est. Max Sustained 400 miles Bearing/Speed: NNW or 335 degrees at 28 mph n/a Winds Extent: Wind Speed: Forecast Summary ■ Tropical storm conditions are expected to begin in the warning area by this afternoon. Tropical storm conditions could begin in the watch areas late today or early Wednesday. ■ Large swells generated by Teddy are affecting Bermuda, the Lesser Antilles, the Greater Antilles, the Bahamas, the east coast of the United States, and Atlantic Canada. These swells are likely to cause life-threatening surf and rip current conditions. A dangerous storm surge is expected to produce significant coastal flooding near and to the east of where the center makes landfall in Nova Scotia. Near the coast, the surge will be accompanied by very large and destructive waves. ■ Through Thursday, Teddy is expected to produce rainfall accumulations of 2 to 4 inches (50 to 100 mm) with isolated totals of 6 inches (150 mm) across sections of Atlantic Canada.