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The Effect of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Loading on Linear Low Density

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The Effect of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Loading on Linear Low Density INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 08, AUGUST 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 The Effect Of Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Loading On Linear Low Density Polyethylene Blends: Characterization By Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy And X-Ray Diffraction H. C. Shah, S. K. Nema Abstract In this work, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), a versatile commodity thermoplastic and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), an amorphous engineering thermoplastic, were blended by melt-mixing technique using a co-rotating twin screw extruder in ratio of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Effect of COC blending with LLDPE on X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were analyzed. The characteristic absorption peaks of LLDPE, COC and LLDPE/COC blends were determined and compared. The intensity of fundamental vibration peaks in the spectra of LLDPE/COC blends tends to vary with respect to the component contents in the blends. X-ray diffraction studies were carried out to study the effect of blend composition on crystallinity and particle size. Keywords — Cyclic olefin copolymer, Infrared spectroscopy, Linear low density polyethylene, Polymer blend, X-ray diffraction, —————————— —————————— because of its comparatively low cost, an outstanding 1 INTRODUCTION set of physical and mechanical properties such as In polymer blends, two or more polymers blended tensile, elongation at break, modulus, puncture together for the favorable properties of those resistance, and tear strength, etc.,[7-8]. homopolymers. The properties of polymer blends depend on its molecular weight, structure, crystallisability, H. A. Khonakdar et al reported morphology and processability, compatibility, etc. [1-2]. Cycloolefin dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) of blends of copolymer (COC) is novel type of amorphous ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with high- engineering thermoplastics and prepared by the density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density copolymerization of ethylene and norbornane through polyethylene (LDPE) to study the miscibility and metallocene-based catalysis. Cyclic olefin copolymer has various transitions. Addition of EVA reduced all the remarkable characteristics such as low density, superior transition temperatures. A peak broadening of tan δ transparency, high glass transition temperature also high was observed with increasing EVA content in the rigidity, strength and hardness, chemical resistance to blends [9]. Aravinthan Gopanna et al. investigated common solvents, good moisture barrier and outstanding biocompatibility. COC resins are suitable for very wide Mechanical, dynamic a mechanical, rheological and applications such as medical and packaging applications, morphological property of PP and COC blends. electrical, optical and products for construction. COCs Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that PP have high Tg, they are very rigid materials and in some and COC were immiscible in the blend system, reported applications flexibility and toughness are required. independent glass transition (Tg) for PP and COC Enhancement of flexibility and flow behavior of COC by component. Addition of stiffened COC in the PP/COC mixing with a variety of polymers has been published. blends increased tensile strength and tensile modulus, Varieties of applications have been developed for blends flexural strength and flexural modulus and of a of COC, with different types of polyolefins [3-6]. decreased in the elongation at break and impact Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) provides a strength [10]. wide variety of properties so it is principle choice for a variety of packaging applications among different Morphology, miscibility analysis and viscoelastic types of polyolefin. LLDPE is vital as a resin for films behaviour of cyclic olefin copolymer/polyolefin elastomer (COC/POE) blends was studied by Hossein ———————————————— Ali Khonakdar et al. and reported that storage modulus H.C.Shah is currently pursuing PhD program in Chemical engineering in Gujarat Technological University, India, E-mail: [email protected]. and viscosity of COC are lesser than those of POE in the S.K Nema is Supervisor in Gujarat Technological University and HBNI melt state. The DMA results indicated that in the solid Faculty, Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat Gandhinagar India, E-mail: state blends of COC/POE were immiscible. At all ratios of [email protected] the blends exhibited two peaks in the loss modulus 1019 IJSTR©2019 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 8, ISSUE 08, AUGUST 2019 ISSN 2277-8616 versus temperature diagrams related to the Tg of the neat field of application. X-ray diffraction analysis is used components. Storage and loss modulus of COC and POE to study the effect of blend composition on crystallinity were estimated by using and particle size. Fig. Gramspacher–Meinssner and Palierne models. Palierne model gave better association with the experimental There are only a few research papers that report on findings was observed as compared to the other model LLDPE/COC blends and no work has been done using the [11]. selected grades of LLDPE and COC. Moreover, to the best of our knowledge, so far not much information is Ali Durmus et al. studied rheological, morphological, and available about XRD and FTIR of LLDPE/COC blends. mechanical properties of cyclic olefin copolymer/poly The objective of this work is to study X-ray diffraction (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blend films. It was observed (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy that the films discovered characteristic immiscible (FTIR) of LLDPE and COC blend by adding 5, 10, 15 and “matrix–droplet” or “cocontinuous” blend morphology 20 wt % of COC in LLDPE by melt blending using Haake and young’s modulus and yield stress were decreased twin screw extruder, which can be used to prepare and strain at break increased by addition of poly monolayer film blown film for packaging application. It is (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) addition into cyclic olefin possible to take advantage of both the materials like high copolymer [12]. Similarly, P. Doshev et al. investigated barrier of COC and thermal stability in combination with blends exhibited complete phase separation forming a wide use, low-cost and processability of LLDPE which matrix-droplet type morphology when studied are important factors to be considered for packaging morphology and mechanical properties of reactive and application. non-reactive COC/EOC Blends [13]. Luca Fambri et al. reported rheological study of blends of polypropylene, 2 MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY cycloolefin copolymer by means of capillary rheometry and melt flow analysis, and investigated that COC/PP 2.1 Materials viscosity ratio increases with increase in shear rate, but Commercial grades of linear low-density polyethylene viscosity decreases with temperature [14]. (LLDPE), F19010 (density = 0.918 g/cc, MFI: 190°C and 2.16 kg = 0.90 g/10 min), was used by Reliance Industries Mechanical, Thermal and rheological properties were limited, and Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC), TOPAS 8007 investigated for different blend ratios of linear low (density = 1.02 g/cc, MFI at 190 and 2.16 kg = 1.8 g/10 density polyethylene (LLDPE) and low density min), was kindly donated by TOPAS Advanced polyethylene (LDPE) by F. Al-Attar et al. and reported Polymers. Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is copolymer of that the DSC results for all blend ratios indicated phase ethylene and norbornene groups. The norbornene content separation at occurs at high concentration of LLDPE[15]. in this COC grade is around 35% with a Glass transition J.V. Gulmine et al. studied Polyethylene characterization temperature of 78 °C. by FTIR and the optimum conditions for the analyses were recognized and permitted clearly to identify the 2.2 Preparation of blends three most important commercially available grades of Pure LLDPE, pure COC and LLDPE/COC blends are polyethylene: low density, high density and linear low prepared by melt blending techniques using co-rotating density [16]. Rheological properties of intermeshing twin screw extruder (Haake Rheomix poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and cycloolefin- TW100), in the ratios of 100:0, 95:05, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20, copolymer (COC) to optimize the hot-embossing process and 0:100 where the numbers represent the weight was studied by M. Sahli et al. and the glass transition percentages of LLDPE and COC, respectively. The coding temperature (Tg), the melt flow index (IF), and the system and compositions of the investigated samples are viscosity as a function of shear stress were determined referred as L100C0, L95C05, L90C10, L85C15, L80C20, L0C100, [17]. Differential scanning calorimeter and melt rheology where the subscripts indicate the weight percentage of of the LLDPE/COC blends were described in our previous LLDPE and COC in the blend. Processing parameters article. MFI value of LLDPE/COC blends comes under were: screw speed 50 rpm, cylinder temperature profile: acceptable range to process through blown film extrusion. 210, 220, 230 °C and die exit temperature 230 °C. After the [18]. It has been reported that the blending of COC into melt blending, extrudate were quenched in a cold water LLDPE had a positive impact on its mechanical properties bath and granulated. and thermal properties and rheological properties [19]. XRD and FTIR of polymers and polymer blends are very important to estimate their appropriateness in the specific 1020 IJSTR©2019 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
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