The Life of William Shakespeare Films of Macbeth

Step Four R

EADING KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES

William Shakespeare 9 Because the witches had just told Page 24 – activity 4 them that Macbeth would become PERSONAL RESPONSE

S Thane of Cawdor.

HAKESPEARE Page 24 – activity 5 B2.1 Page 16 – activity 2 1 ‘Guilty’ is the only one not PERSONAL RESPONSE specifically associated with fear. Page 16 – activity 3 2 ‘Crime’ – the other three all describe killing of some sort. PERSONAL RESPONSE Macbeth 3 ‘Strange’ is the only one that is not Page 16 – activity 4 necessarily bad. 1 C 2 D 3 C 4 C 5 B 6 C 7 D 4 ‘Brave’ does not have to be KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES AND EXIT TEST associated with war and soldiers. Page 17 – activity 5 5 ‘Throne’, the others are all noble 1 Thane 2 Cawdor 3 king 4 Speak titles; throne could mean The life of PART ONE 5 Hail 6 greater 7 happier ‘kingship’, but it is never a title. William Shakespeare Page 11 – activity 1 8 Banquo 6 ‘Lady’ the other three can all be used to describe family Page 6 – activity 1 1 B 2 B 3 A 4 C 5 C 6 C Page 18 – activities 6-7 relationships. 1 It is St George’s Day, and St Page 16 – activity 1 PERSONAL RESPONSE 7 ‘Excited’, is not necessarily George is the patron saint of 1 Because the Thane of Cawdor positive, while the other three England. wanted to become king and asked PART TWO adjectives are. 2 A grammar school, where he the King of Norway to help him. Page 23 – activity 1 1 brave 2 Lady 3 throne 4 crime studied Latin and Roman history. 2 He felt tired. 5 strange 6 guilty 7 ambitious 3 The period after his marriage 1 To travel around Scotland. 3 Because he was courageous in the 2 He told her that the King was 8 excited before he became well-known in battle against the King of Norway London. coming for a visit. He also Page 25 – activity 6 and the Thane of Cawdor. described his encounter with the 4 He was one of the owners of the 1 Extract One comes before the 4 He gave him the title of Thane of three witches. theatrical company known as the murder, and Extract Two after the Cawdor. 3 He needed her to teach him how to Lord Chamberlain’s Men. murder. 5 They looked like old women, but be cruel to satisfy his ambition. 5 He was an actor. 2 Can I see a knife in front of me, they had beards. 4 He was frightened: he thought it 6 38. with its handle pointing towards 6 They told Macbeth: He will be was a horrible crime. 7 The theatrical company, the Lord Thane of Cawdor. / He will be king me? Let me grab it! Chamberlain’s Men, which changed 5 She planned to drug the soldiers of Scotland. Recording script its name with the ascension to the guarding the king, murder the king They told Banquo: He will be less Extract 1 throne of Kings James. and then blame the soldiers for the than Macbeth, but more than Macbeth: Is this a dagger which I see 8 He died in Stratford-upon-Avon on king’s murder. Macbeth. / He will be less lucky before me, The handle toward my 23 April 1616. 6 A bloody knife. than Macbeth, but more fortunate. / 7 It said that he had killed sleep and hand? Come, let me clutch thee. He will never be king, but his Films of Macbeth that he himself would never sleep Extract 2 children’s children will be kings. again. Macbeth: Still it cried ‘Sleep no more’ Page 9 – activity 1 7 He told him to be careful of the 8 His fear. to all the house: Glamis hath 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 C 5 D 6 B 7 A 8 D witches. murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor Page 23 – activity 2 9 A 10 A 8 He could not stop thinking about Shall sleep no more.’ what the witches had told him. He PERSONAL RESPONSE started to become ambitious. Page 25 – activities 7-8 Page 24 – activity 3 PERSONAL RESPONSE PERSONAL RESPONSE

2 KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES

Scotland’s History Page 37 – activity 4 PART FOUR himself was an active participant in these debates. Page 29 – activity 1 1 Malcolm Page 38 – activity 1 2 Macbeth 2 F – He even wrote a book 1 would become king of Scotland. 1 The Scots originally came from 3 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, Malcolm supporting his beliefs. 2 he killed Duncan. Ireland. 4 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth 3 T 3 a feast 2 They were people of Celtic origin. 5 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth, Malcolm 4 T 4 he wanted to have them both killed. 3 It is a wall between England and 6 Macbeth 5 T 5 Macbeth’s plan to murder Banquo Scotland which was built by the 7 Lady Macbeth 6 F – They were charged with and Fleance. Romans in 120 AD to keep the 8 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth pretending to be witches. No law 6 put the knife in his heart. Scottish out. 9 Malcolm at the time actually punished 4 King Duncan’s general. 10 Macbeth Page 45 – activity 1 people for witchcraft: it punished 5 He killed King Duncan in 1040. them for convincing others that 11 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth 1 B 2 A 3 C 4 A 5 C 6 D 6 He ruled until 1057. 12 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth they had magical powers. 7 Duncan’s son Malcolm III 13 Malcolm Page 46 – activity 2 Canmore. 14 Malcolm 1 shouldn’t 2 should 3 ought to/ PART FIVE 8 Scotland became part of Great 15 Lady Macbeth should 4 shouldn’t 5 shouldn’t Page 56 – activity 1 Britain but the Highland clans 16 Macbeth 6 shouldn’t 7 shouldn’t 8 shouldn’t rebelled against the English for 3 they already know his thoughts. 17 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth 9 should Messages which make Macbeth happy: about 30 years with the result 18 Malcolm Page 46 – activity 3 1 No man born of woman can hurt that they were treated with great 19 Lady Macbeth him. 2 Macbeth cannot be defeated cruelty by the English. 20 Macbeth, Lady Macbeth 1 think 2 hello 3 cheerful 4 strange 9 They forced their people to leave 5 arguing 6 do 7 mad 8 agree until Birnam Wood comes to the Highland farms so that they Page 38 – activity 5 9 learned 10 like 11 Macduff Dunsinane Hill to fight against him. could invest in sheep farming 1 to help them. 12 suspects Messages which make Macbeth with the result that many people 2 is a good man/a kind king. unhappy: 1 Be careful of Macduff. Page 48 – activity 4 left the country to settle in 3 help them find the murderer of 2 Banquo’s descendants will be kings. America, Australia and Canada. PERSONAL RESPONSE their father. Page 56 – activity 2 10 It is famous for its Highlands, 4 write to him from England. Page 48 – activity 5 1 mustn’t tell me any 2 something lochs, golf courses and whiskies. 5 he needs him. A 3 – witches else 3 will forget 4 might have PART THREE Recording script B 7 – son, feast killed 5 You will be 6 will not be Malcolm: I’ll speak to the English king. C 4 – castle, drink, knife 7 are no free 8 dead men have come Page 36 – activity 1 Perhaps he will be able to help us. D 2 – lucky, kings back 9 am sorry Banquo is not A5 B1 C4 D7 E8 F3 G2 H6 Donalblain: What kind of a man is he? E 5 – guilty 10 frightens me even though 11 he Malcolm: People say he is a good man. would go back 12 must tell me Page 36 – activity 2 F 1 – thanes, enemies, beards They say he is a kind king. G 8 – happy, ghost Page 57 – activities 3-4 1 D 2 B Donalblain: Do you think he will help H 6 – frightened, king us to find the murderer of our father? PERSONAL RESPONSE Page 36 – activity 3 Malcolm: I don’t know – I’ll ask him. Witches Page 57 – activity 5 VERB NOUN Donalblain: Write to me from ACTION PERSON England, won’t you? I’ll join you there Page 51 – activity 1 1 F 2 T 3 T 4 F 5 F 6 F betray betrayal traitor if you need me. 1 F – Discussions of the reality and Recording script commit a crime crime criminal nature of witches were very much Teacher: What about the messages Page 38 – activities 6-7 rebel rebellion rebel part of public discussion in from the spirits to Macbeth? Are they kill killing killer PERSONAL RESPONSE Shakespeare’s time. The king clear? murder murder murderer

3 4 KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES

Jenny: The first message seems Page 64 – activity 2 1 2 The Norman-French invaders of Page 75 – activity 3 clear to me. Macbeth is told to ‘be 1066. 2 D A 6 B 1 C 2 D 3 E 5 F 4 careful’ of Macduff. That means 3 King David I Macduff is dangerous to him, 4 3 S M E L L 4 When he returned to Scotland, Page 76 – activity 4 doesn’t it? 5 A T F after a ten-year stay in England. 1 wife 2 hands 3 known 4 Heaven Richard: No, it can’t mean that. T 6 M U R D E R 7 5 Because his sister had married the 5 blood 6 Arabia Teacher: Why not? Norman King of England, Henry I. Page 76 – activity 5 Richard: Because the second R A A A E 6 Feudalism message is that ‘no man of woman A Z 8 N O T H I N G 7 Because he travelled around his PERSONAL RESPONSE born’ can hurt him. So Macduff 9 W I F E 10 G 11 E G kingdom. can’t be dangerous. 8 A regional unit of government PART EIGHT 13 T 14 D R E A D F U L Teacher: What about the third Page 76 – activity 1 message? What do you think of 12 W O O D E S A PART SEVEN PERSONAL RESPONSE that? I R W 15 T H R O N E Page 70 – activity 1 Jenny: The third message is very T 17 A O 18 D Page 81 – activity 1 strange. It says that Macbeth can’t 1 B 2 B 3 C 4 B 5 B 6 C 7 A 16 C H I L D R E N T 1 To cut branches from the trees in be defeated until Birnam Wood Page 74 – activity 1 Birnam Wood, and to use these as comes to Dunsinane Hill to fight H I D I O 1 Some people said she had gone camouflage to cover their advance. against him. Everybody knows that A S A mad, others said she was very ill. 2 So that Macbeth and his army woods can’t move or fight –so that 19 A P P R O A C H E D 2 She asked him to watch the Queen wouldn’t know how many of them means Macbeth will never be while she was sleepwalking one there were. defeated. M S night. 3 News of the Queen’s death. Richard: The clearest message is E 3 She was imagining that she was 4 He said he couldn’t think about her the last one. Banquo’s family will 20 I L L N E S S washing them – washing away that day. become kings – that seems very Duncan’s blood. 5 That he couldn’t be killed by any clear, doesn’t it? T 4 He thought the Queen might be man born of woman. Page 58 – activity 6 mad, but it was certain that she 6 Young Seyward. 7 He means that their messages 1 Scottish 2 misfortune 3 actor Page 65 – activities 3-4 and Macbeth had done terrible were intended to deceive him into 4 performance 5 assassination things. PERSONAL RESPONSE having false hopes. 6 founder 7 nearly 8 superstitious 5 He still believed that the witches’ 8 Because he didn’t want to be 9 representation 10 Luckily Page 65 – activity 5 predictions meant that no one mocked by everyone. 11 complicated 1 children 2 servants 3 comforted could defeat him. 9 Malcolm. 4 revenge 5 all Page 74 – activity 2 Page 81 – activity 2 PART SIX 1 takes 2 goes 3 going 4 in 5 from Page 58 – activities 1-2 The Castles of Scotland 6 had 7 would 8 had 9 compared 1 woman 2 fear 3 afraid 4 name PERSONAL RESPONSE Page 69 – activity 1 10 as 5 hell 6 devil 7 hateful 8 more 1 Fortified, military buildings Page 63 – activity 1 sometimes used as the homes of 1 C 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 C 6 A kings and other nobility and as a seat of government: sometimes they were defensive and sometimes offensive.

5 6 KEY TO THE ACTIVITIES

Page 82 – activity 3 sword prisoner surrender army castle marched soldier defeated enemy battle fight afraid coward

DEFEATEDHISHAST WA R B A T T L E P D S B O I UTEC I DONTRCARLS CARNOEBEC IAUFDO AOASEWEHESISIIN SGUFOMADFOR IGEB TNDRRAYRNNDSHRA LOMEAABODEYYTOC EOUCAG I NCRARMYK OSUNTOEDWHENYOU ARWE I NATOUGHS I T UATOSURRENDER I O NAT I RONSREAL LYM EANVEDRY LI TTLED GEMARCHEDSCATRE

AFTER READING Page 83 – activity 1 PERSONAL RESPONSE Page 86 – activity 2 A 7 B 3 C 2 D 8 E 6 F 5 G 4 H 1

7 EXIT TEST EXIT TEST

Focus on the story he wanted to have revenge (14) …………. Macbeth and decided to return to Scotland with Malcolm, (one of Duncan’s sons), in order to kill Macbeth. 1 Read the summary of Macbeth below and think of the word which best Lady Macbeth had started to walk and talk in her sleep and her servant fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at and doctor discovered that she and Macbeth must have terrible secrets. the beginning (0). (15) …………. Macbeth’s men were beginning to desert him, he decided to Macbeth, the Thane of Glamis, and his friend Banquo had helped Duncan, take the remaining army to Dunsinane Hill. The English army with the King of Scotland, in a battle to save Scotland. They were discussing Macduff and Malcolm approached Dunsinane Hill and every soldier the battle (0) when they saw three witches in front (1) …………. them. The carried a branch of a tree in front of him, making it seem that the wood witches told Macbeth that he (2) …………. become Thane of Cawdor and was moving. Eventually Macbeth realised that the witches had tricked then King of Scotland and they told Banquo that his descendants would him but he refused to surrender and was killed by Macduff. be kings. When Macbeth heard the news that he had been (3) …………. Thane of Cawdor, he realised that the witches had told the truth and that Characters he would become king. Lady Macbeth decided that Duncan would have to be killed. Although Macbeth didn’t agree at (4) …………., he eventually 2 For questions 1-15, of which of the people A-G are the following killed the King. The murder (5) …………. discovered when Macduff, one of statements true? the King’s men, came to wake the King. Macbeth killed the soldiers A Macbeth B Lady Macbeth C Duncan outside the King’s room to suggest they had been the King’s murderers. D Banquo E A witch F Macduff G Lady Macbeth’s servant The King’s two sons didn’t believe the story and (6) …………. Macbeth, and decided to leave the castle secretly. As a (7) …………., everyone was ….. 1 He decided to make Macbeth the Thane of Cawdor. suspicious and decided it was they who had killed their own father. The ….. 2 She said ‘Welcome Macbeth, King of Scotland.’ thanes of Scotland made Macbeth the new King. ….. 3 He was told that his children would be kings. Macbeth realised that Banquo might be suspicious of him and he didn’t ….. 4 She wanted her husband to be more ambitious. want Banquo’s descendants to become King after him, (8) …………. He ….. 5 She made a plan to kill the King. decided to have Banquo and his son Fleance murdered. Fleance, ….. 6 His two sons were suspicious of Macbeth. (9) …………., managed to escape. At a feast at the castle, Macbeth saw ….. 7 After Duncan’s death, he became the new King of Scotland. Banquo’s ghost sitting in his chair. As he talked to the ghost, everyone ….. 8 His ghost appeared at a feast. thought Macbeth was ill. ….. 9 She told Macbeth one of her masters would answer his question. Macbeth returned to the witches and was told three things: to be careful of Macduff, to be brave as no man of woman born could hurt him, and ….. 10 He travelled to England to get help. that he would never be defeated (10) …………. Birnam Wood came to ….. 11 He decided to have revenge on Macbeth. Dunsinane Hill and fought against him. Macbeth then asked about ….. 12 She walked in her sleep. Banquo’s family and was desperate to hear that Banquo’s descendants ….. 13 She asked the doctor to witness something one night. would be kings in the (11) …………. . In the (12) …………., Macduff no longer ….. 14 He refused to surrender. felt safe in Scotland and went to England to ask the English king for help. ….. 15 He was not of woman born. (13) …………. he was away, Macbeth’s men went to Macduff’s castle and murdered Lady Macduff and the children. When Macduff heard the news, Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing

8 9 EXIT TEST EXIT TEST

Word information Characters 3 For questions 1-10 read the first part of the summary of Macbeth below. 4 For questions 1-10 choose from the people below. There is an example at Use the word given in capitals at the end of the lines to form a word that the beginning (0). fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). A Macbeth D Macduff Macbeth was (0) probably written in 1606 and PROBABLE B Lady Macbeth E Banquo performed at The Globe Theatre in the same year. C Duncan F witches It is the (1) ...... but one of the most SHORT Which person/people (2) ...... of Shakespeare’s tragedies. The main POWER character of the play is Macbeth. 0 found King Duncan dead? D At the (3) ...... of the play he is shown as a BEGIN 1 said that King Macbeth was ill? ...... (4) ...... hero. He saves Scotland and the CONVENTION 2 was a loyal Thane at the beginning of the play? ...... Scottish king Duncan from the army of the king of 3 persuaded Macbeth to murder the king? ...... Norway and the (5) ...... Thane of Cawdor. REBEL 4 wanted to reward Macbeth for his loyalty? ...... After the battle Macbeth and his friend Banquo meet 5 told Macbeth that it was dangerous to believe the witches? ...... three witches. The witches tell Macbeth that he will first 6 tricked Macbeth into thinking he was safe? ...... become the Thane of Cawdor, and then king. They tell 7 came to stay at Macbeth’s castle? ...... Banquo that his children’s children will be kings. Macbeth 8 was sitting in Macbeth’s chair at the feast? ...... begins to dream of ambition. He realises that he would 9 defeated Macbeth? ...... like to be king, but he is (6) ...... Lady Macbeth FEAR encourages her husband to be (7) ...... It is she AMBITION 10 went mad? ...... who plans to murder Duncan when he comes to stay at the castle. Although Macbeth agrees to commit the Themes in Macbeth murder, he is (8) ...... Before the crime he HAPPY 5 For questions 1-15, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C imagines that he can see a dagger (9) ...... in COVER or D) best fits each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). blood in front of him; and after the crime he imagines that he can hear a voice crying ‘Macbeth has murdered The fundamental theme (0) A the play is ambition. The consequence of sleep – Macbeth will sleep no more!’ His wife is the immoral gains of ambition is conscience and guilt. Macbeth suffers (10) ...... with his fears and when he shows her PATIENT initially – he knows what he (1) ...... is wrong – but gradually becomes the king’s blood on his hands, she tells him that a little hardened, while (2) ...... wife, after her single-minded dedication to water will clean the blood away. ambition, eventually breaks down and is tortured (3) ...... guilt and conscience. What seems good – ambition and becoming king – turns (4) ...... – murder, conscience and guilt. Two major themes underline this further. Macbeth is a victim of equivocation in the witches’ prophecies, and only at the very end does he realise (5) ...... he has been misled. (6) ...... , the Macbeths are not only victims of ambivalence, but also users of it: this is the theme of appearance and reality. They hide their evil (7) ...... an innocent exterior, and they are often (8) ...... For example, Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing

10 11 EXIT TEST KEY TO THE EXIT TEST

Duncan finds Macbeth’s castle (9) ...... inviting and hospitable place. ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 3 Feasting and hospitality is indeed another theme of the play, but the 1 of 2 would 3 made 4 first 1 shortest 2 powerful 3 beginning occasions for friendship and community are always subverted. Duncan is 5 was 6 suspected 7 result 8 so 4 conventional 5 rebellious 6 afraid offered (10) ...... but is murdered in his sleep, and Macbeth’s banquet to 9 however 10 until 11 future 7 ambitious 8 unhappy 9 covered 12 meantime 13 While 14 on 10 impatient (11) ...... his coronation breaks down in disorder. The theme of order and 15 Although disorder stresses the unnaturalness of Macbeth’s actions: unnatural ACTIVITY 4 (12) ...... occur soon after Duncan’s murder; Lady Macbeth’s sleepwalking ACTIVITY 2 1 B 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 E 6 F 7 C 8 E is a (13) ...... of the disruption of the natural order. Sleep and 1 C 2 E 3 D 4 B 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 D 9 D 10 B 9 E 10 F 11 F 12 B 13 G 14 A 15 F sleeplessness are central to the play. In the scene when Duncan is ACTIVITY 5 murdered the words ‘sleep’ and ‘sleeping’ are used eleven times, more 1 B 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 D 6 A 7 C than the words connected to ‘blood’, which are used five times. After 8 A 9 D 10 B 11 C 12 D 13 A Macbeth has ‘murdered sleep’ both the Macbeths are (14) ...... by 14 C 15 B nightmares and are deprived of the (15) ...... qualities of sleep. (Adapted from Robert Hill’s essay in Macbeth in the Spotlight on Shakespeare series, Black Cat Publishing)

0Aof B in C off D to 1Adoing B does C do D had done 2Aher B his C the D their 3Afrom B with C by D to 4Aworse B better C badder D bad 5Athan B if C which D that 6AHowever B But C Although D And 7Aafter B next to C behind D following 8Abelieved B thought C supposed D expected 9Athe B a C – D an 10 A welcome B hospitality C sociability D cheer 11 A commemorate B bless C celebrate D welcome 12 A happenings B occasions C occurrences D events 13 A symptom B evidence C diagnostic D feature 14 A provoked B annoyed C tormented D teased 15 A helping B healing C aiding D practical Photocopiable © 2008 Black Cat Publishing

12 13