Identification and Characterization of Cercospora Beticola Necrosis-Inducing Effector Cbnip1
Received: 27 September 2020 | Revised: 8 November 2020 | Accepted: 9 November 2020 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13026 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Identification and characterization of Cercospora beticola necrosis-inducing effector CbNip1 Malaika K. Ebert 1,2,3 | Lorena I. Rangel 1 | Rebecca E. Spanner 1,2 | Demetris Taliadoros4,5 | Xiaoyun Wang1 | Timothy L. Friesen 1,2 | Ronnie de Jonge 6,7,8 | Jonathan D. Neubauer1 | Gary A. Secor 2 | Bart P. H. J. Thomma 3,9 | Eva H. Stukenbrock 4,5 | Melvin D. Bolton 1,2 1Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Abstract Fargo, North Dakota, USA Cercospora beticola is a hemibiotrophic fungus that causes cercospora leaf spot 2 Department of Plant Pathology, North disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). After an initial symptomless biotrophic phase Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA of colonization, necrotic lesions appear on host leaves as the fungus switches to a 3Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen necrotrophic lifestyle. The phytotoxic secondary metabolite cercosporin has been University, Wageningen, Netherlands shown to facilitate fungal virulence for several Cercospora spp. However, because 4Environmental Genomics Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, cercosporin production and subsequent cercosporin-initiated formation of reactive Plön, Germany oxygen species is light-dependent, cell death evocation by this toxin is only fully en- 5Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, sured during a period of light. Here, we report the discovery of the effector protein Germany 6Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department CbNip1 secreted by C. beticola that causes enhanced necrosis in the absence of light of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, and, therefore, may complement light-dependent necrosis formation by cercosporin.
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