Monopisthocotylea: Dactylogyridae) from Smooth Flounder, Liopsetta Putnami (Gill

OF WASHINGTON, VOLUME 45, NUMBER 1, JANUARY 1978 49

granule formation by the Golgi apparatus Lyons, K. M. 1969a. Sense organs of mono- and GERL in rat exorbital lacrimal gland genean skin parasites ending in a typical acinar cells. J. Cell Biol. 67: 154a. cilium. Parasitology 59: 611-623. Jain, S. L. 1958. Head organ patterns ob- . 1969b. Compound sensilla in monoge- served in some Indian fresh-water dactylogy- nean skin parasites. Parasitology 59: 625-636. rids; Trematoda-Monogenea. Curr. Sci. 27: . 1970. The fine structure and function 449_450. of the adult epidermis of two skin parasitic Jennings, J. B. 1957. Studies on feeding, di- monogeneans, Entobdella soleae and Acan- gestion, and food storage in free-living flat- thocotyle elegans. Parasitology 60: 39-52. worms (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). Biol. . 1973. The epidermis and sense organs Bull. 112: 63-80. of the Monogenea and some related groups. Katheriner, L. 1894. Die Gattung Gyrodacty- Adv. Parasitol. 11: 193-232. lus v. Nordmann. Arb. Zool. Zootom. Inst. Wiirzburg 10: 125-164. Mizelle, J. D. 1938. Comparative studies on Kemp, W. M., and E. C. Powell. 1970. Ultra- trematodes (Gyrodactyloidea) from the gills of North American fresh-water fishes. 111. structure of the cercarial penetration gland cells of Schistosoma mansoni. J. Parasitol. Biol. Monogr. 17: 1-81. 56: 184. Oschman, J. L. 1967. Microtubules in the sub- Kritsky, D. C. 1971. Studies on the fine struc- epidermal glands of Convoluta roscoffensis ture of the monogenetic trematode, Gyrodac- (Aceola, Turbellaria). Trans. Am. Microsc. tylus eucaliae Ikezaki and Hoffman, 1957. Soc. 86: 159-162. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Illinois, Ur- Pedersen, K. J. 1965. Cytological and cyto- bana. 530 p. chemical observations on the mucous gland , and F. J. Kruidenier. 1976. Fine cells of an acoel turbellarian, Convoluta con- structure and development of the body wall voltita. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 118: 930-965. in the monogenean, Gyrodactijlus eucaliae Wagener, G. R. 1860. Ueber Gyrodactijlus ele- Ikezaki and Hoffman, 1957. Proc. Helmin- gans v. Nordm. Arch. Anat. Physiol. U. Wiss. thol. Soc. Wash. 43: 47-58. Med. p. 768-797. Kurosumi, K. 1961. Electron microscope anal- Warren, R. H., and B. Burnside. 1975. Mi- ysis of the secretion mechanism. Inter. Rev. crotubules in cone myoid elongation. J. Cell Cyto. 11: 1-124. Biol. 67: 448a.

Protancyrocephaloides liopsettae gen. et sp. n. (Monopisthocotylea: Dactylogyridae) from Smooth Flounder, Liopsetta putnami (Gill)

PETER R. BuRN1 Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824

ABSTRACT: Protancyrocephaloides liopsettae gen. et sp. n. (Ancyrocephalinae) is described from the gills of smooth flounder, Liopsetta putnami (Gill), from New Hampshire. The species is most similar to Protancyrocephalus Bychowsky, .1957, from which it is separated by the presence of a ventral bar. The affinities of the two genera are examined.

Smooth flounder, Liopsetta putnami (Gill), for trematodes. Some parasites were examined were seined for a survey of their parasite fauna alive; others were fixed in AFA, mounted in from the Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire, Turtox CMCP aqueous medium, or stained and their gills were examined microscopically according to Lynch's precipitated borax-car- mine method (Galigher and Kozloff, 1971) 1 Present address: Osborn Laboratories of Marine Sci- and mounted in Canada balsam. Some speci- ences, Boardwalk and West 8th Street, Brooklyn, New York 11224. mens were embedded in Paraplast and sec-

Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington OF WASHINGTON, VOLUME 45, NUMBER 1, JANUARY 1978 51 tioned at seven microns. Measurements (as developed, length 29 (25-30). Hook length described by Mizelle, 1962) were made with 19 (18-20); hook filaments present. Testis an ocular micrometer and are in microns unless much larger than ovary; margin of the testis otherwise stated. Averages are followed by often appearing somewhat thickened. Vas def- ranges in parentheses. Illustrations were pre- erens expanded as it extends from under the pared with the aid of a camera lucida. left intestinal limb, distinct seminal vesicle immediately postbifurcal. Ejaculatory and Protancyrocephaloides gen. n. prostatic ducts entering simple tubular cirrus. DIAGNOSIS: Dactylogyridae, Ancyrocepha- Cirrus length 96 (75-113). No prostatic res- linae. Bilobed opisthaptor distinct; two pairs ervoir. Vitellaria confluent anteriad to genital of similar anchors, ventral pair connected by pore, posteriad to testis, and ventrally just delicate bar; fourteen marginal hooks, distri- anteriad to the ovary. No vitelline reservoir. bution ancyrocephaline (Mizelle, 1936). Four eyes; six head organs. Pharynx prominent. Discussion Intestinal crura simple, confluent posteriorly. Protancyrocephaloides occupies a morpho- Testis ovoid, postovarian. Vas deferens loop- logical position intermediate between Halio- ing around the left intestinal cirrus; seminal trema Johnson and Tiegs 1922, and Protan- vesicle present. Simple tubular cirrus, acces- cyrocephalus Bychowsky, 1957, which possess sory piece absent; genital pore immediately two and zero haptoral bars, respectively, and postbifurcal. Ovary ovoid, eggs with polar are otherwise very similar. Of other ancyro- filament. Vitellaria well developed, extending cephalid genera having a single bar, only from level of pharynx to beyond posterior con- Parancyrocephaloides Yamaguti, 1938, is com- fluence of intestine. Vagina dextroventral, parable to Protancyrocephaloides. The two leading to seminal receptacle. Parasitic on are easily separated, however, since the vas gills of marine (estuarine) teleosts. Type and deferens of Parancyrocephaloides does not loop only species. around an intestinal limb, and its testis is con- spicuously folded. Protancyrocephaloides liopsettae sp. n. The relationship of Protancyrocephaloides Figures 1—6 and Protancyrocephalus is worthy of further HOST AND LOCALITY: Liopsetta putnami mention. The latter genus is known only from (Gill), Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire. Figure 46 (whole animal) and scattered text- LOCATION ON HOST: Gills. references and figures of Protancyrocephalus SPECIMENS STUDIED: 78 (20 measured). strelkowi in Bychowsky's (1957) monograph. TYPE SPECIMENS: USNM Helm. Coll. Holo- The specimens on which this description was type No. 74608, paratypes No. 74609. Addi- based were collected from Limanda aspera tional paratypes in the author's collection. and "several" other members of the Pleuro- DESCRIPTION: With characteristics of genus. nectidae from South Sakhalin (region of Ya- Length 1.62 mm (1.25-2.10), width 340 blochnoii) and the Island of Shikotan, both on (250-340). Anterior eyes smaller and closer the east coast of the Soviet Union. On the together. Cephalic glands present; three pairs basis of Bychowsky's figure, Yamaguti (1963) of indistinctly separated head organs. Pharynx gave a diagnosis for Protancyrocephalus. Al- length 144 (118-178), width 129 (108-173). though Yamaguti stated that "Bychowsky's de- Haptor 86 (73-100) long by 116 (90-140) tailed original description was not available," wide. Dorsal anchor length 45 (35-50), width there is no indication in the literature that such 35 (30-40); ventral anchor length 50 (45- a description was ever published. According 56), width 40 (36-48). Anchor filaments ex- to Lebedev (1976, personal communication), tending from anchor shafts. Ventral bar poorly there is no known formal description and there

Figures 1-6. Protancyrocephaloides liopsettae gen. et sp. n. 1. Mature animal, ventral view. 2. Mar- ginal hook. 3. Male copulatory apparatus, ventral view. A. Vas deferens. B. Seminal vesicle. C. Ejac- ulatory duct. D. Prostatic duct. E. Cirrus. 4. Ventral bar. 5. Dorsal anchor. 6. Ventral anchor.

Copyright © 2011, The Helminthological Society of Washington 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOCIETY are no type specimens at the Zoological In- Ackno wledgmen ts stitute in Leningrad, where Bychowsky's collection is kept. The limited material in the I wish to thank Dr. Wilbur Bullock of the Bychowsky monograph, however, does con- Department of Zoology and Dr. Richard Strout stitute a valid species description according of the Department of Animal Science, Uni- to the International Rules of Nomenclature, al- versity of New Hampshire, for their construc- though it precludes any detailed comparison tive criticisms of this manuscript. Special with other species. thanks are also due Dr. B. Iv. Lebedev of the The only definite differences between Prot- Institute of Biology and Pedology, USSR Acad- ancyrocephalus and Protancyrocephaloides are emy of Sciences, Vladivostok, who provided those of specific significance (overall size, valuable information and advice concerning relative size of testis, extent of vitellaria), the the status of Protancyrocephalus strelkowi. number of head organs, plus the presence in Protancyrocephaloides of the ventral bar. This Literature Cited bar, moreover, is difficult to discern in balsam Bychowsky, B. E. 1957. Monogenetic trema- mounted specimens, and fades completely from todes, their systematics and phylogeny. Akad. view in certain aqueous media. The two gen- Nauk SSSR, 1-509. Translated from Russian era are the only members of the subfamily by P. C. Oustinoff. AIBS, Washington, B.C. found parasitic on fishes from other than the 627 p. orders Perciformes and Cypriniformes (By- Galigher, A. E., and E. N. Kozloff. 1971. Es- chowsky, 1957), and are in fact both specific sentials of Practical Microtechnique. 2nd ed. Lea and Febiger, Phila. 531 p. for the Pleuronectidae. Mizelle, J. D. 1936. New species of trematodes Morphological and host occurrence data in- from the gills of Illinois fishes. Am. Midi. dicate that Protancyrocephalus and Protancyro- Nat. 17: 785-806. cephaloides are closely allied. On the basis . 1962. Studies on monogenetic trema- of current knowledge, the genera are best todes. XXII. Dactylogyrus californiensis sp. considered to be distinct. Reexamination of n. from Sacramento squawfish. J. Parasitol. 48: 555-557. Protancyrocephalus is desirable, however, both Yamaguti, S. 1963. Systema Helminthum. Vol. to extend our limited knowledge of the genus IV: Monogenea and Aspidocotylea. Intersci- and to facilitate taxonomic comparisons. ence, New York. 699 p.

Errata

Kingston, N. and J. Crum. 1977. Trypano- 2) p. 182 column 2, line 1 should be luly soma cervi Kingston and Morton, 1975 in 1975. white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, in the southeastern United States. Proc. 3) p. 184 column 1, line 13 should be (> Helm. Soc. Wash. 44: 179-184. 1:5). 1) p. 180 Table 1 column BL, 1st line should 4) p. 184 delete reference to Krinsky, W. L. be 4.54. and L. L. Pechuman.