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Acidification of Mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology

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Acidification of Mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology NO 9705413 Acidification of Mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology AL:PE - Acidification of Mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology Part 2 - Utvidelse. Sluttrapport til Norges forskningsrad. ECEIVr MOV 0 4 m 0 81 I Contract N° EV5V-CT92-0205 CIPD-CT92-5036 and CIPD-CT93-0021 y\/j " 35j Prosjektnr.: Undemn NIVA - RAPPORT 91048 Ldpenn Begr. distrib.: Norsk institutt for vannforskning A NIVA 3535 Apen Hovedkontor Scrlandsavdellngen Betlandsavdellngen Vestlandsavdellngen Akvaplan-NIVA A/S Postboks 173, KJels4s Televeien 1 Rule 866 Thormehlensgt 55 Sendre Tollbugate 3 0411 Oslo 4890 Grimstad 2312 Ottestad 5008 Bergen 9OOOTroms0 Teleton (47) 2218 51 00 Teleton (47) 37 04 30 33 Teleton (47) 62 57 64 00 Teleton (47) 55 32 56 40 Telefon (47) 77 68 52 80 Telefax (47) 22 18 52 00 Telefax (47) 37 04 45 13 Telefax (47) 62 57 66 53 Telefax (47) 55 32 88 33 Telefax (47) 77 68 05 09 Rapportens tittel: Dato: Trykket: AL:PE Acidification of mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology. Part 2 13. Sept. NIVA 1996 - Utvidelse Sluttrapport til Norges forskningsrad Faggruppe: Sur nedbpr Forfatter(e): Geografisk omride: Bente M. Wathne Europa Bj0m Olav Rosseland Antall sider. Opplag: Leif Lien 188 Oppdragsgiven Oppdragsg. ref.: Commission of the European Communities EV 5V-CT92-0205 CIPD-CT92-5036 CIPD-CT93-0021 Norges forskningsrad - TVLF 108046/720 Ekstrakt: AL:PE prosjektet ble starlet for a vurdere status for alpine eller arktiske innsjper, kjemisk og biologisk kombinert med analyse av sedimentkjemer. Arbeidet er utfprt i sjper med varierende forurensningsbelastning, og resultatene kan brakes til a evaluere hastighet, reining og biologiske effekter av endringer i miljpet. AL:PE prosjektet representerer ogsa den fprste omfattende studie av alpine innsjper pa et europeisk niva. Prosjektet er finansiert gjennom EUs forskningsprogram kombinert med midler fra deltakerlandene. NTVA bar, i tillegg til 50 % finansiering fra EU, fitt stptte fra Norges Forskningsrad gjennom TVLF. AL:PE prosjektet er na under endelig sluttrapportering etter nesten 5 ars aktivitet. Rapporten her gir en kort oversikt over arbeid og resultater for AL:PE prosjektet og besrkriver i mer detalj arbeidet stpttet av TVLF i 1995. 4 emneord, norske 4 emneord, engelske 1. HpyQellsjper 1. High mountain lakes 2. Vannkjemi 2. Water chemistry 3. Biologi 3. Biology 4. Europeisk samarbeid 4. European co-operatiorf sy S, For administrasjonen Gunnar Aasgaard DI8TBBUTiC2M OF 7H6S DOCUiiPNT 8 uu aimsn n0 AL:PE Acidification of mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology. Part 2 - Utvidelse Sluttrapport til Norges forskningsrad i DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document 0. Innholdsfortegnelse 1. BAKGRUNN 3 2. HOVEDMAL OG ORGANISERING 3 2.1 Konkrete malsetninger for arbeidet ved NIVA 1995 5 3. LOKALITETER OG ARBEIDSPROGRAM 5 4. RESULTATER OG KONKLUSJON 8 4.1 Sammendrag fra hovedprosjektet 8 4.2 Resultater og konklusjon for arbeidet ved NIVA i 1995 9 Vedlegg A. Litteraturliste for AL:PE prosjektet Vedlegg B. Water chemistry and Critical loads calculations for the AL:PE 2 lakes Vedlagg C. Fish - Population Structure and Concentrations of Heavy Metals and Oragnic Micropollutants 2 1. Bakgrunn AL:PE er en forkortelse for “Acidification of Mountain Lakes: Palaeolimnology and Ecology. Remote Mountain Lakes as Indicators of Air Pollution and Climate Change ”. Prosjektet er et multinasjonalt samarbeid som vokste i omfang og antall deltagere i l0pet av prosjektperioden. AL:PE 2 er et prosjektsamarbeid mellom institusjoner fra 11 land, Norge, Storbritannia, Italia, Frankrike, Spania, 0sterrike, Den Tsjekkiske Republikk, Slovakia, Slovenia, Russland og Polen. Prosjektet er finansiert gjennom EUs forskningsprogram kombinert med midler fra deltakerlandene. NIVA bar, i tillegg til 50 % finansiering fra EU, fatt stptte fra Norges Forskningsrad gjennom TVLF. Alpine og arktiske omrader i Europa representerer det mest uberprte vi bar, men er likevel truet av sur nedbpr og langtransportert forurensning. Disse omradene med tilh0rende innsj0er danner spesielt f0lsomme 0kosystemer. De bar korte isfrie perioder, tynt jordmonn, sma og gjeme steile nedbprfelt og korte oppholdstider for vannet. Den h0ye fplsomheten gjpr dem til meget gode indikatorer pa forurensning og eventuelle klima- eller miljpendringer. Alpine og arktiske innsjper, er i prosjektet definert som omrader h0yt over havet eller langt fra ekvator, beliggende over eller nord for den lokale tregrensen. Innsjpene ligger fjemt fra kilder som gir lokal pavirkning, som endringer i bruken av landomradet eller forurenset avlppsvann. Dette 0ker muligheten til a registrere effekter av endringer i luftkvalitet og klima. AL:PE prosjektet ble starlet for a vurdere status for alpine eller arktiske innsjper, kjemisk og biologisk kombinert med analyse av sedimentkjemer. Arbeidet er utfprt i sj0er med varierende forurensningsbelastning, og resultatene kan brukes til a evaluere hastighet, reining og biologiske effekter av endringer i miljpet. AL:PE prosjektet representerer ogsa den fprste omfattende studie av alpine innsjper pa et europeisk niva. Den f0rste delen av prosjektet, AL:PE 1 starlet i april 1991 og ble avsluttet i 1993 etter 2 ars innsats. Resultatene er rapportert i EUs rapportserie Ecosystems Research Report Vol. 9 . (Wathne et al. 1995). Den andre delen, AL:PE 2, som starlet i 1993, ble formelt avsluttet i juni 1995. AL:PE 2 bygger pa resultatene fra AL:PE 1, og representerer en utvidelse av den f0rste delen bade geografisk og faglig. AL:PE prosjektet er na under endelig sluttrapportering etter nesten 5 ars aktivitet, og etter at EU godkjente det f0rste utkastet til rapport i juli 1995. Sluttrapporten er snarl ferdig omarbeidet pa en slik mate at den gir en oversiktlig presentasjon av prosjektet og resultatene vi bar oppnadd. 2. Hovedmal og organisering Hovedmalet for hele AL:PE prosjektet var a 0ke kunnskapen om avsidesliggende b0yfjellsj0ers struktur og 0kologi, og deres respons pa forskjellige niva av forurensning. Kort formulert, var malet for AL:PE 1 a studere avsidesliggende hpyfjellsjpers 0kosystem og deres respons pa sur nedbpr. I AL:PE 2 var malet og arbeidsomradet utvidet til ogsa a omfatte 3 studier av respons, spredning og effekter av potensielt toksiske komponenter som tungmetaller og organiske mikroforurensninger, slik at prosjektet totalt omfatter studier av forsuringskomponenter og et bredt spekter av langtransporterte luftforurensninger. Utfra de data vi registrerte, 0nsket vi ogsa a lokalisere de minst forurensede omradene i Europa for a identifisere referanseomrader for fremtidige studier av klimaendringer. I originalprosj ektet er malene formulert som fplger: The main project aims for AL:PE 1 are : to establish an understanding of the ecosystems of high mountain lakes to use a relevant subgroup of these lakes as early response indicators of increasing or decreasing atmospheric pollution. The main project aims for AL:PE 2 are: continue AL:PE 1 to understand the ecosystems of remote mountain lakes and the response of these lakes to varying levels of acid deposition. enlarge the project from assessing acidity to assessing a wider range of long range transported air pollution components (including total phosphorus, persistent organics and trace metals). identify unpolluted remote lakes within Europe that can be used as reference sites for studies of climatic change. Additional objectives are to: - establish links between existing lake chemistry databases in EC countries, Austria, Switzerland, the Czech and Slovak Republic, Poland and Norway. - identify critical S and N loads and recommend target loads for remote mountain areas. - use biological data to establish guidelines for good monitoring and guidance practices. - develop and refine statistical methods for analysing biological data in relation to environmental data to provide a basis for predicting future biological responses to modelled chemical changes. - establish baseline conditions for the long term evaluation of climatic change and its effects. - establish links with other scientists in this field in the world, especially the developing world, aiming at future co-operation and exchange of knowledge. Prosjektet bar arbeidet med analyser innen kjemi, biologi og palaeolimnologi, og ble bygget opp rundt 6 fagomrader som omfatter innsjpsedimenter og diatomeer, fisk, bunndyr, zooplankton, vannkjemi og statistisk analyse og modeliering. Hvert av fagomradene bar sin ansvarlige koordinator. De 6 fagansvarlige koordinatorene danner en -styringskomite for prosjektet, og er ansvarlige ogsa for kvalitetskontroll og npdvendig interkalibrering mellom 4 deltakeme. Administrativ koordinator for prosjektet er University College London, Environmental Change Research Centre (UCL-ECRC), UK, mens faglig ansvar ligger hos NIVA som vitenskapelig koordinator. En oversikt over organisering og ansvar er vist nedenfor: Administrative Programme Centre: UCL-ECRC/ Simon T. Patrick and Richard W. Battarbee Scientific Programme Centre: NIVA/ Rente M. Wathne and Merete Johannessen Subject area Co-ordinated bv - Lake sediments and UCL-ECRC/ Nigel Cameron and diatoms Richard W. Battarbee - Fish NIVA / Bj0m Olav Rosseland - Invertebrates UIB-ZM/ Gunnar Raddum - Zooplankton CU-DH/ Jan Fott - Water Chemistry CNR-IH and NIVA/ Rosario Mosello and Bente M. Wathne -Statistical analysis UIB-BI/ John Birks and modelling 2.1 Konkrete malsetninger for arbeidet ved NIVA 1995 AL:PE 2 prosjektet har en hovedmalsetning
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