Induction Heating Converter's Design, Control and Modeling Applied To
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Computer Simulation of Induction Heat Treating Systems Is Discussed
Optimal Design of Internal Induction Coils Dr. Valentin Nemkov(1), Eng. Robert Goldstein (1), Dr. Vladimir Bukanin(2) (1)Centre for Induction Technology, Inc. 1388 Atlantic Blvd. Auburn Hills, MI 48326 USA www.induction.org (2)St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University (SPbETU), Prof. Popova str., 5, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia ABSTRACT Internal induction heating coils are not so well studied as external. Three main induction coil styles were proposed in pioneering works many years ago: Cylindrical coils, Hair-pin coils and Rod-type coils [1, 2]. It was clear from the very beginning that electromagnetic parameters of the coils of two first styles might be strongly improved by application of magnetic cores. However it was not clearly shown what parameters may be improved and how much, as well as what are the optimal designs of induction coils. Current presentation contains short consideration and comparison of all three styles of coils followed by a detailed analysis of cylindrical internal (ID) coils using modern computer simulation tools. It is shown that it isn’t sufficient to only consider the influence of magnetic core on electrical efficiency of the coil head. The cores reduce dramatically current demand for transfer of required power into the workpiece. In turn it results in strong reduction of voltage drop and power losses in the whole supplying circuitry: coil leads, busswork and matching transformer. Plus much smaller capacitor battery is required. Computer simulation is simple for single-turn cylindrical ID coils and several computer packages may be used. Computer simulation of multi-turn cylindrical ID coils, which are the most common, is a much more complicated task, due to the return leg. -
Download (PDF)
Nanotechnology Education - Engineering a better future NNCI.net Teacher’s Guide To See or Not to See? Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Surfaces Grade Level: Middle & high Summary: This activity can be school completed as a separate one or in conjunction with the lesson Subject area(s): Physical Superhydrophobicexpialidocious: science & Chemistry Learning about hydrophobic surfaces found at: Time required: (2) 50 https://www.nnci.net/node/5895. minutes classes The activity is a visual demonstration of the difference between hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. Using a polystyrene Learning objectives: surface (petri dish) and a modified Tesla coil, you can chemically Through observation and alter the non-masked surface to become hydrophilic. Students experimentation, students will learn that we can chemically change the surface of a will understand how the material on the nano level from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface of a material can surface. The activity helps students learn that how a material be chemically altered. behaves on the macroscale is affected by its structure on the nanoscale. The activity is adapted from Kim et. al’s 2012 article in the Journal of Chemical Education (see references). Background Information: Teacher Background: Commercial products have frequently taken their inspiration from nature. For example, Velcro® resulted from a Swiss engineer, George Mestral, walking in the woods and wondering why burdock seeds stuck to his dog and his coat. Other bio-inspired products include adhesives, waterproof materials, and solar cells among many others. Scientists often look at nature to get ideas and designs for products that can help us. We call this study of nature biomimetics (see Resource section for further information). -
Analysis and Optimal Design of Induction Heating Cookers
J Electr Eng Technol.2016; 11(5): 1282-1288 ISSN(Print) 1975-0102 http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/JEET.2016.11.5.1282 ISSN(Online) 2093-7423 Analysis and Optimal Design of Induction Heating Cookers Muhammad Humza* and Byungtaek Kim† Abstract – This paper deals with the optimal design of induction heating cooker starting from the analytical analysis of the cooker model. The analytical analysis method is based on the construction of the equivalent circuit of the cooker in which the circuit parameters are calculated from the geometries in a very simple way. By using the analysis method of equivalent circuit, the numerous combinations of primary winding coils for the specific rated power are obtained in fast computation time for a given secondary conductor. Through the calculation procedures, the optimal number of turns and their optimal positions can be obtained with which the cooker provides the highest efficiency at the rated power. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed analysis and design are verified through finite element analysis for practical and designed models. Keywords: Analysis of induction cooker, Equivalent circuit, Optimal design of primary coil 1. Introduction frequency. The self and mutual inductances of these elements are calculated by using the classical formulas Traditional ways of cooking are hanging the pot on fire obtained from the Biot-Savart law. The concrete equivalent which is produced by burning of wood, coal or gas. These circuit is constructed with the obtained parameters for the traditional ways have a lot of draw backs. The gas burner both primary and secondary windings. By solving the transfer only 35 % to 40 % heat to the pan, which means complicated coupled voltage circuit, a simplified equivalent large portion of heat is wasted and these methods of circuit is obtained. -
Induction Heating Principles PRESENTATION
Induction Heating Principles PRESENTATION www.ceia-power.com This document is property of CEIA which reserves all rights. Total or partial copying, modification and translation is forbidden FC040K0068V1000UK Main Applications of Induction Heating ¾ Hard (Silver) Brazing ¾ Tin Soldering ¾ Heat Treatment (Hardening, Annealing, Tempering, …) ¾ Melting Applications (ferrous and non ferrous metal) ¾ Forging This document is property of CEIA which reserves all rights. Total or partial copying, modification and translation is forbidden FC040K0068V1000UK Examples of induction heating applications This document is property of CEIA which reserves all rights. Total or partial copying, modification and translation is forbidden FC040K0068V1000UK Advantages of Induction Reduced Heating Time Localized Heating Efficient Energy Consumption Heating Process Controllable and Repeatable Improved Product Quality Safety for User Improving of the working condition This document is property of CEIA which reserves all rights. Total or partial copying, modification and translation is forbidden FC040K0068V1000UK Basics of Induction INDUCTIVE HEATING is based on the supply of energy by means of electromagnetic induction. A coil, suitably dimensioned, placed close to the metal parts to be heated, conducting high or medium frequency alternated current, induces on the work piece currents (eddy currents) whose intensity can be controlled and modulated. This document is property of CEIA which reserves all rights. Total or partial copying, modification and translation is forbidden FC040K0068V1000UK Basics of induction The heating occurs without physical contact, it involves only the metal parts to be treated and it is characterized by a high efficiency transfer without loss of heat. The depth of penetration of the generated currents is directly correlated to the working frequency of the generator used; higher it is, much more the induced currents concentrate on the surface. -
A Fresh Look at Induction Heating of Tubular Products
htprof.qxd 5/2/04 1:22 PM Page 1 he extensive use of metal tubing A fresh look at in thousands of products de- Tube T mands a wide range of process concepts. For example, in automotive induction heating manufacturing alone, new applica- Solid cylinder tions for tubing are being advanced at High coil efficiency for of tubular products: an expanding rate. These typically solid cylinder small- and medium-size tubular parts Coil efficiency Part 1 include stabilizer bars, intrusion High coil efficiency for beams, structural rails, steering hollow cylinder columns, axles, and shock absorbers. F F F The air conditioning and refrigeration 1 2 Frequency 3 industries and oil- and gas-transmis- Fig. 1 — Conditions for maximizing the elec- sion lines have high-pressure require- trical efficiency of the induction coil are different ments where larger tubular prod- for tubes and solid cylinders, as shown by these ucts are used. In all of these plots of coil efficiency vs. frequency. (Ref. 1) PROFESSOR applications, induction heat- ing has proven effective. the optimal frequency, which corre- INDUCTION Although there are many sponds to maximum coil electrical ef- Valery I. Rudnev • Inductoheat Group similarities, there are several process ficiency, is shifted toward lower fre- features and physical phenomena quencies (frequencies between F1 and Professor Induction wel- that distinguish induction heating of F2 for tubes instead of between F2 and 1 comes comments, ques- tubular products from induction F3 for solid cylinders). The optimal tions, and suggestions for heating of solid cylinders. The condi- frequency for heating tubes (hollow future columns. -
Design Method of an Optimal Induction Heater Capacitance for Maximum Power Dissipation and Minimum Power Loss Caused by Esr
DESIGN METHOD OF AN OPTIMAL INDUCTION HEATER CAPACITANCE FOR MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION AND MINIMUM POWER LOSS CAUSED BY ESR Jung-gi Lee, Sun-kyoung Lim, Kwang-hee Nam ¤ and Dong-ik Choi ¤¤ ¤ Department of Electrical Engineering, POSTECH University, Hyoja San-31, Pohang, 790-784 Republic of Korea. Tel:(82)54-279-2218, Fax:(82)54-279-5699, E-mail:[email protected] ¤¤ POSCO Gwangyang Works, 700, Gumho-dong, Gwangyang-si, Jeonnam, 541-711, Korea. Abstract: In the design of a parallel resonant induction heating system, choosing a proper capacitance for the resonant circuit is quite important. The capacitance a®ects the resonant frequency, output power, Q-factor, heating e±ciency and power factor. In this paper, the important role of equivalent series resistance (ESR) in the choice of capacitance is recognized. Without the e®ort of reducing temperature rise of the capacitor, the life time of capacitor tends to decrease rapidly. This paper, therefore, presents a method of ¯nding an optimal value of the capacitor under voltage constraint for maximizing the output power of an induction heater, while minimizing the power loss of the capacitor at the same time. Based on the equivalent circuit model of an induction heating system, the output power, and the capacitor losses are calculated. The voltage constraint comes from the voltage ratings of the capacitor bank and the switching devices of the inverter. The e®ectiveness of the proposed method is veri¯ed by simulations and experiments. Keywords: Induction heating, Equivalent series resistance, Design 1. INTRODUCTION four thyristors and a parallel resonant circuit com- prised capacitor bank and heating coil. -
ZVS Power Resonator CRO-SM1 Ultra Compact Self Resonating Power Oscillator Features and Specifications
RMCybernetics CRO-SM1 www.rmcybernetics.com ZVS Power Resonator CRO-SM1 Ultra Compact Self Resonating Power Oscillator Features and Specifications Automatic Resonance, no tuning needed Wide supply voltage range (12V – 30V) ZVS (Zero Voltage Switching) Current up to 10A continuous*, 70A peak Over Voltage, Current, & Temperature Protection Optional modulation input Flat base for mounting directly to metal enclosures** High quality double layer PTH, 2oz Copper PCB Ultra-compact size: L50 x W50 x H8*** mm * Max current varies with operating frequency. ** Electrical isolation required using thermal interface material *** Excluding Heatsink. The CRO-SM1 is a type of collector resonance oscillator circuit which will automatically drive low impedance reactive circuits at their resonant frequency. This is ideal for making a DIY Induction Heater or Solid State Tesla Coil. It is designed to drive a parallel LC circuit (a coil and capacitor connected in parallel). It can be connected in numerous configurations and is also able to work with loads that have a centre tapped coil. The circuit will automatically drive at resonance even if the resonant frequency changes such as when a metal object is placed inside an induction heater. The circuit is designed to work with a wide range of parallel LC (inductor capacitor) circuits which have a relatively low inductance and a large capacitance. For example an induction heater with a few turns on the coil and a large capacitor bank. While this circuit has been designed to be as versatile as possible, there may be certain LC combinations that will not be driven to resonance by the circuit. -
Handbook of Induction Heating Theoretical Background
This article was downloaded by: 10.3.98.104 On: 28 Sep 2021 Access details: subscription number Publisher: CRC Press Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG, UK Handbook of Induction Heating Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook Theoretical Background Publication details https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/9781315117485-3 Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook Published online on: 11 Jul 2017 How to cite :- Valery Rudnev, Don Loveless, Raymond L. Cook. 11 Jul 2017, Theoretical Background from: Handbook of Induction Heating CRC Press Accessed on: 28 Sep 2021 https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.1201/9781315117485-3 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR DOCUMENT Full terms and conditions of use: https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/legal-notices/terms This Document PDF may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The publisher shall not be liable for an loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. 3 Theoretical Background Induction heating (IH) is a multiphysical phenomenon comprising a complex interac- tion of electromagnetic, heat transfer, metallurgical phenomena, and circuit analysis that are tightly interrelated and highly nonlinear because the physical properties of materi- als depend on magnetic field intensity, temperature, and microstructure. -
Closed Loop Controlled AC-AC Converter for Induction Heating by Mr
Volume 25, Number 2 - April 2009 through June 2009 Closed Loop Controlled AC-AC Converter for Induction Heating By Mr. D. Kirubakaran & Dr. S. Rama Reddy Peer-Refereed Article Applied Papers KEYWORD SEARCH Electricity Electronics The Official Electronic Publication of the The Association of Technology, Management, and Applied Engineering • www.nait.org © 2009 Journal of Industrial Technology • Volume 25, Number 2 • April 2009 through June 2009 • www.nait.org Closed Loop Controlled AC-AC Converter for Induction Heating By Mr. D. Kirubakaran & Dr. S. Rama Reddy Abstract the inverting circuit is constructed by A single-switch parallel resonant con- traditional mode with four controlled verter for induction heating is simu- switches. The above literature does not Mr. D.Kirubakaran has obtained M.E. degree lated and implemented. The circuit con- deal with closed loop modeling and from Bharathidasan University in 2000. He is sists of input LC-filter, bridge rectifier embedded implementation of AC to presently doing his research in the area of AC- AC converter fed induction heater. In AC converters for induction heating. He has 10 and one controlled power switch. The years of teaching experience. He is a life member switch operates in soft commutation the present work AC to AC converter is of ISTE. mode and serves as a high frequency modeled and it is implemented using generator. Output power is controlled an atmel microcontroller. The present via switching frequency. Steady state problem aims to minimize the cost of analysis of the converter operation induction heater system by using an is presented.. A closed loop circuit embedded controller. -
Concerning the Design of Capacitively Driven Induction Coil Guns
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE. VOL. 17. NO. 3. JUNF 19x9 429 Concerning the Design of Capacitively Driven Induction Coil Guns Abstract-This paper is concerned with the design of capacitively 11. THEORYAND SIMULATIONMODEL driven, multisection, electromagnetic coil launchers, or coil guns, tak- A. Capacitively Driven Coil-huncher System ing their transient behavior into account. A computer simulation based on the viewpoint of lumped parameter circuits is developed to predict Fig. 1 is a sketch of a capactively driven, multisection the performance of the launcher system. It is shown that a traveling coil launcher which consists of two main parts: The barrel electromagnetic wave can be generated on the barrel by the resonance and the projectile. It may be driven either by a set of ca- of drive coils and their capacitors. More than half of the energy ini- pacitors, as indicated in the diagram, or, alternatively, by tially stored in the capacitor bank can be converted into kinetic energy a set of ac polyphase sources. The barrel is a linear array of the projectile in one shot, and an additional quarter can be utilized in subsequent shots, if the launcher dimensions, resonant frequency, of drive coils. The projectile is a conducting sleeve sur- and firing sequence are properly selected. The projectile starts smoothly rounding the payload. The drive coils on the barrel are from zero initial velocity and with zero initial sleeve current. Section- energized with a certain time sequence so as to generate to-section transitions which have significant effects on the launcher a traveling electromagnetic wave that interacts with a sys- performance are also discussed. -
Gases in Metals: Ii. the Determination of Oxygen and Hydrogen in Metals by Fusion in Vacuum
S5I4 GASES IN METALS: II. THE DETERMINATION OF OXYGEN AND HYDROGEN IN METALS BY FUSION IN VACUUM By Louis Jordan and James R. Eckman ABSTRACT Nearly all metals contain small amounts of oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, frequently spoken of as "gases in metals," whether or not they exist as oxides, hydrides, and nitrides or in some other form. Many differences in quality of metals not readily attributed to differences in composition, as determined by the usual chemical analyses, or to different physical treatments are supposed to be due to the presence of "gases" in the metals. Satisfactory and generally applicable methods for determining oxygen in metals have not been available. Experimental studies were made of methods of fusion employed in previous vacuum fusion methods. Direct fusion of low- carbon iron alloys in refractory-oxide crucibles, or fusion with antimony tin in similar crucibles, does not determine all of the oxygen present in the metal. In the first case there is the additional difficulty of reduction of the refractory oxides by the carbon in the steel. In the fusion of high-carbon iron alloys this reaction between refractory oxides and carbon of the metal is very pronounced in direct fusion of the metal and is sufficient, even in fusion with antimony tin, to give values for oxygen in excess of the true oxygen content of the metal. Fusion of the metal sample in a graphite crucible permits satisfactory determination of oxygen in both low-carbon and high-carbon alloys. A new vacuum fusion procedure for the determination of oxygen and hydrogen in metals was developed. -
Induction Heating Applications the Processes, the Equipment, the Benefits CONTENTS
Induction heating applications The processes, the equipment, the benefits CONTENTS Introduction ..........................................................................3 Forging .................................................................................14 Induction coils ................................................................ 4-5 Melting .................................................................................15 Hardening ..............................................................................6 Straightening .....................................................................16 Tempering ..............................................................................7 Specialist applications ..................................................17 Brazing ....................................................................................8 How induction works .................................................................... 19 Bonding ..................................................................................9 Selecting the best solution ......................................... 20-21 Welding ................................................................................10 International certifications .................................................... 22 Annealing / normalizing ................................................................11 Some of our customers..................................................................23 Pre-heating ........................................................................12