Integrative Explorations
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INTEGRATIVE EXPLORATIONS Journal of Culture and Consciousness The Journal of the Jean Gebser Society January 1997/Volume 4 Number 1 An Introduction to the Philosophy of Jean Gebser Algis Mickunas Sacred Dimensions of the Shaman’s Web Pat Arneson Gebser’s Archaic Consciousness and Wilber’s Critique Georg Feuerstein Cave and Labyrinth Jean Gebser (Introduced and Translated by Georg Feuerstein) On Living and Loving Jean Gebser (Introduced and Translated by Georg Feuerstein ) The Cosmic Form of Siva Rekha Menon Kama in Excess Rekha Menon Advertising and the Philosophy of Jean Gebser Kevin Williams Editor’s Word Contents 6 Editor's Word Michael Purdy 8 An Introduction to the Philosophy of Jean Gebser Algis Mickunas 22 Sacred Dimensions of the Shaman’s Web Pat Arneson 34 Gebser’s Archaic Consciousness and Wilber’s Critique Georg Feuerstein 42 Cave and Labyrinth Jean Gebser (Introduction and Trans., Georg Feuerstein) 44 On Living and Loving Jean Gebser (Introduction and Trans., Georg Feuerstein) 48 The Cosmic Form of Siva Rekha Menon 54 Kama in Excess Rekha Menon 60 Advertising and the Philosophy of Jean Gebser Kevin Williams 2 Integrative Explorations Journal INTEGRATIVE EXPLORATIONS Journal of Culture and Consciousness March 1997/Volume 4 Number 1 Integrative Explorations is the official journal of the Jean Gebser Society. The journal is edited in cooperation with Division of Liberal Arts—Communications Program, Governors State University. The journal publishes integrative explorations in the form of articles, bibliographies, or reviews of research about culture/civilization, consciousness, or Jean Gebser's life and thought; as well as, poetry, short essays, etc. Submissions should loosely conform to discussions of culture/civilization and consciousness, be scholarly and footnoted. The journal seeks interdisciplinary work and is open to creative and "alternative" styles of investigation. The Cover was inspired by a cosmic "sun" and "starfield" used on the cover of one of Jean Gebser's publications. Managing Editor Michael Purdy Communications Program Governors State University University Park, IL 60430 USA Assistant Editor Kevin Williams Dept. of Communication Shepherds College P. O. Box 668 Shepherds Town, WV 25443 USA Editorial and Advisory Board Noel Barstad, Ohio University Betsy Behnke, Study Project in Phenomenology of the Body Guy Burneko, Golden Gate State University Allan Combs, University of North Carolina Asheville Georg Feuerstein, Integral Publications Eric Kramer, University of Oklahoma Eveline Lang, Shippensburg University Elizabeth Lozano, Loyola University, Chicago Algis Mickunas, Ohio University Arthur Stein, University of Rhode Island Rosanna Vitale, University of Windsor 3 Editor’s Word Manuscript Information Three copies of articles should be send to: Dr. Michael Purdy Managing Editor, Integrative Explorations Journal Division of Communication Governors State University University Park, IL 60430 USA. The Integrative Explorations Journal (ISSN 1074–3618) will be published biannually in January and June (our goal), will be continuously paginated, and consist of articles up to 20 pages (longer manuscripts will be considered), double–spaced, and include a forum for discussion of issues, poetry, commentary, and book reviews. Articles will be blind, peer reviewed by at least two members of the editorial board (papers should have the authors name and affiliation only on the first page so it may be removed for the blind/anonymous review process). No paper can be under consideration for publication in any other journal at the time of submission. The MLA style manual will be the basic guideline for submissions (APA style will also be accepted). These guidelines includes the use of gender–inclusive language. Three copies of a work must be submitted for review with a 150–200 word abstract prior to the opening paragraphs of the paper, brief (100 words or so) biographical summary of author(s), and a list of key words for use in indexing. Advertising: The journal will accept advertising. Inquiries should be made to the managing editor. Subscriptions: Subscription is included with membership in the Jean Gebser Society ($30.00/year, $20.00 student) which includes participation at the annual conference of the society. Individual issues of the Integrative Explorations Journal can be had for $7.00 for a printed copy and $5.00 for a digital copy on 3.5” disk, (please specify word processor or text viewer). Eventually, we expect to have the journal available on the Internet. Make checks payable to Jean Gebser Society. c/o Michael Purdy, Managing Editor, Integrative Explorations Journal and send to above address. Reprint/Copy Requests: Permission to copy or reproduce individual articles in any manner should be directed to the author. © 1997 Jean Gebser Society 4 Integrative Explorations Journal About Integrative Explorations Journal Integrative Explorations Journal is the result of thirteen years of publication as the Gebser Network Newsletter. The newsletter and the journal are the result of the efforts of Algis Mickunas to spread the word about the works of Jean Gebser. The Gebser Network Newsletter was begun in 1980 by Elaine McCoy then a graduate student in the School of Interpersonal Communication at Ohio University. In 1983 Michael Purdy took over the editorship of the newsletter and published the newsletter from Governors State University. The newsletter was originally developed to be an information sharing instrument for the Jean Gebser Society. The Gebser Society is patterned after European societies, or circles, pursuing the work of a particular philosopher. The philosopher here, Jean Gebser, was born in Posen, Germany in 1905. He studied and worked in Germany until the rise of the Nazi party in 1931. From Germany he fled to Spain where he wrote poetry (Poesias de al Tarde, 1936) and served in the Republican Ministry of Culture. When war over took the country in 1936 he fled to Paris where he associated with the circle of artists surrounding Picasso and Malraux. He finally fled Paris as the city fell in 1939 and went to Switzerland. He became a Swiss citizen in 1951 and he assumed the chair for the Study of Comparative Civilizations at the University of Salzburg. It was in Switzerland that Gebser finished his monumental work on the comparative study of civilizations, Ursprung und Gegenwart (1949/53). The English translation was undertaken by Noel Barstad with Algis Mickunas and published as Origin and Presence in 1985 by Ohio University Press. This massive effort of over 500 pages is a phenomenology of civilization. From a vast collection of work covering many fields, historical and current, Gebser described the modalities of consciousness of historical cultures, as well as the extent and openness of human consciousness in general. His work is penetrating and offers an understanding useful to scholars from many fields of study. Those wishing to pursue the study of Jean Gebser’s work must read Origin and Presence, still published by Ohio University Press. This work is very accessible and eminently readable. Some of the authors represented in Integrative Explorations have published more extensive works on Gebser and provide an excellent basis for study of Gebser (e.g., see G. Feuerstein, Structures of Consciousness, Lower Lake, CA: Integral Publishing, 1995). Back issues of the Gebser Network Newsletter also contain information about the Jean Gebser Society, short articles, poetry, translations of short works by Gebser, excerpts from longer works, poems of Gebser’s with commentary, and reviews of books about Gebser’s work. (All of the back issues of the Gebser Network Newsletter may be obtained from the editor on a PC compatible disk for a fee of $5.00.) 5 Editor’s Word Editor’s Word Michael Purdy We have finally completed a goal we have been working on since the inception of this journal. We have brought to publication an Algis Mickunas lecture introducing the work of Jean Gebser. This presentation was given as part of a year–long honors colloquium—"An Inquiry into the Human Spirit"—at the University of Rhode Island in 1978–1979. This lecture is one of the clearest and most interesting introductions to the work of Jean Gebser and we are pleased to finally bring it to our readers. We had hoped to have it ready for the first volume of the Integrative Explorations Journal, but Dr. Mickunas had lost half of the original document. Luckily, the organizers of the colloquium (Profs. Mike Purdy and Arthur Stein) had a transcription for the speech that we were able to work from. After many hours of editing (thanks to Algis Mickunas, Kevin Williams and Michael Purdy) we offer you this fascinating lecture. In an article on the shaman’s web, Pat Arneson explores Gebser’s structures of consciousness as related to the “levels” of Native American shaman experience. This comparison raises some challenging questions about Gebser’s structures and how they fit the Native American experience. I think most of us would describe the primary experience of Native American’s as magical with mythical elements. And certainly the archaic is present. The mental structure is present from the Western influence. How the integral is expressed is most interesting. I leave each reader to judge for themselves the issues this raises. I think it challenges us to explore other mystic/shamanic traditions to compare how they might be described. Another very interesting selection we are pleased to present for this journal issue is a dialogue between Georg Feuerstein and Ken Wilber. Apparently Wilber has had some differences with Gebser over Origin and its relationship to the structures of consciousness. Feuerstein reviews Wilber’s arguments and—I think—very impartially puts the “problems” of understanding the Origin in “perspective.” This piece has helped me rethink Gebser’s idea of the Origin and I expect it will get your juices going too. We have again brought forward translations of Jean Gebser’s work that were originally published in the Gebser Network Newsletter to fill out this issue.