Clermont KwaDDabeka Township Regeneration Project

Phase 33 – Township Regeneration Plann October 2010

TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 Figure 1: Regional Connectivity ...... 2 1.1 PURPOSE OF THIS DOCUMENT ...... 1 Figure 2: Spatial Units ...... 12 1.2 PROGRAMME DESCRIPTION ...... 1 Figure 3: Proposed Spatial Concept for Clermont/KwaDabeka ...... 14 2 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS ...... 2 Figure 4: Precincts Overview and Action Area Plans ...... 19 2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE AREA ...... 2 Figure 5: Clermont Central Precinct Concept Plan ...... 21 2.2 SWOT ANALYSIS ...... 3 Figure 6: Clermont Central Precinct ...... 25 2.3 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS TECHNICAL NOTES ...... 8 Figure 7: Zazi Street Node Priority Action Area ...... 26 3 WHAT DOES TOWNSHIP OR URBAN REGENERATION MEAN FOR Figure 8: North Road Priority Action Area ...... 27 CLERMONT/KWADABEKA? ...... 9 Figure 9: Clermont Emngeni ...... 29 4 DEVELOPMENT FRAMEWORK FOR CLERMONT KWADABEKA ...... 10 Figure 10: Clermont Emngeni Precinct ...... 31 4.1 TOWARDS A VISION ...... 10 Figure 11: Clermont Road ...... 32 4.2 DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES ...... 10 Figure 12: KwaDabeka Central Precinct Concept Plan ...... 34 4.3 GOALS ...... 11 Figure 13: KwaDabeka Central Precinct ...... 37 4.4 EXISTING SPATIAL STRUCTURE ...... 11 Figure 14: KK Hostels Node ...... 38 4.5 NEW CONCEPTS FOR SPATIAL STRUCTURE ...... 12 Figure 18: KwaDabeka East Precinct Concept Plan ...... 40 4.6 LAND USE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (LUMS) ...... 15 Figure 15: KwaDabeka Eat Precinct...... 42 5 STRATEGIES AND FOCUS AREAS ...... 17 Figure 16: Eco-Tourism Node ...... 43 6 MARKET ASSESSMENT AND NEED ...... 18 Figure 17: Spinal Road ...... 44 7 PROGRAMME SPECIFICATION ...... 19 Figure 18: KwaDabeka North Precinct Concept Plan ...... 46 7.1 CLERMONT CENTRAL PRECINCT ...... 20 Figure 19: Precinct KwaDabeka ...... 49 7.2 CLERMONT EMNGENI PRECINCT ...... 28 Figure 20: Portion Berkshire Downs Precinct Concept Plan ...... 51 7.3 KWA DABEKA CENTRAL PRECINCT PROJECTS ...... 33 Figure 21: Precinct - Portion Berkshire Downs ...... 52 7.4 KWA DABEKA EAST PRECINCT PROJECTS ...... 39 Figure 22: Priority Intervention Framework ...... 55 7.5 KWA DABEKA NORTH PRECINCT PROJECTS ...... 45 7.6 PORTION BERKSHIRE DOWNS PRECINCT PROJECTS ...... 50 LIST OF TABLES 7.7 REGIONAL AND TOWNSHIP WIDE INTERVENTIONS ...... 53 Table 1: Key Strategies and Focus Areas ...... 17 8 STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAMME ...... 55 Table 2: Interventions Table ...... 57 8.1 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ...... 55 Table 3: Clermont KwaDabeka Cost Estimates Summary by Time Period ...... 61 8.2 INDENTIFYING PRIORITIES ...... 55 Table 4: Clermont KwaDabeka Regeneration Cost Estimates By Spend Category 61 8.3 MAINTENANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE ...... 56 Table 5: Clermont KwaDabeka Cost Estimates Summary by Funding Source ...... 62 8.4 MUNICIPALITY ROLE ...... 56 Table 6: Clermont Central Precinct (See Section 6.1) ...... 63 9 COST ESTIMATES ...... 61 Table 7: Clermont Emngeni Precinct (See Section 6.2) ...... 64 10 RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT...... 69 Table 8: KwaDabeka Central Precinct (See Section 6.3) ...... 65 ANNEXURE 1...... 70 Table 9: KwaDabeka East Precinct (See Section 6.4) ...... 66 ANNEXURE 2 TRANSPORTATION STUDY ...... 72 Table 10: KwaDabeka North Precinct (See Section 6.5) ...... 67 Table 11: Township Wide (See Section 6.6) ...... 68

Clermont/KwaDabeka Urban Regeneration Plan 29 October 2010 i 1 Introduction A broad range of projects are identified for implementation in the programme. These projects can be classified as follows: 1.1 Purpose of this Document 1. A number of infrastructure projects that focus on upgrading infrastructure, public facilities and the public environment on order to The purpose of this document is to provide a business case for a variety of improve the overall living environment and the platform for business in interventions that have been proposed for the Clermont KwaDabeka Area. This the township. document is the final product of the third and final phase of the Clermont 2. A number of planning projects to promote economic activity and a wide KwaDabeka Urban Regeneration Project. range of housing options. The first phase of the project generated various sector status quo studies 3. A number of a feasibility studies for a range of potential economic undertaken by the Project Team which provided a wide scan of key issues, interventions. problems, opportunities and constraints pertaining to the Study Area. These 4. A number of upgrades of informal settlements to improve safety and included an assessment of the Environment, Economy, Housing, Land Use, basic living conditions and in order to minimise constraints to accessing Transportation, Infrastructure, Social Needs and Spatial Structure and Urban basic services and amenities Form. The first phase culminated with a report that presented as a set of 5. A number of skills development projects “strategic thrusts” that provided broad direction for the regeneration of Clermont/KwaDabeka and guide both public and private investment. The second phase of the project involved the documentation of a development framework for the area that built on the strategic thrusts document by identifying key interventions and describing key interventions. The development framework described a longer term development framework for the Clermont KwaDabeka Area and it set the strategic direction for this more detailed business plan document. The third phase included the development of more detailed precinct plans based on the development framework developed in phase two. This business plan document draws on all the previous phases of the project and the detailed projects are based on the suite of projects identified in the precinct plans.

1.2 Programme Description The Clermont KwaDabeka Township Regeneration Programme will implement a range of projects to enhance the physical, social, economic and institutional environment of the area so it provides the means for people and communities to meet their basic needs, provide them with the opportunity to improve their lives, and allowed them to live with dignity.

Clermont/KwaDabeka Urban Regeneration Plan 29 October 2010 1 2 Situational Analysis predominately north of KwaDabeka again reflected the presence of the Metro Housing programme in developing subsidy housing stock for individual title. 2.1 Overview of the Area Car ownership in the area is extremely low, 42% of the population either walk or ride bicycles and another 42% use mini-bus/taxi’s as a means of transport. Only The Clermont KwaDabeka study area is located on the border of Pinetown/New 10% of the population use private vehicles to commute. Germany within the Central Municipal Planning Region of the eThekwini Municipality. The area is located at the intersection of two major metropolitan routes, M19 and M5 and enjoys easy access via these routes to the N3, N2 and M13. This unique positioning makes Clermont KwaDabeka one of the most well located previously disadvantaged areas in eThekwini, second only to Cato Manor. Figure 1 illustrates how well-positioned Clermont KwaDabeka is in relation to the major employment zones of eThekwini. The area is within 5 km of Pinetown/New Germany, 15km from the Durban CBD, 20km from the South Durban Basin and once the MR577 and Umgeni River viaduct are complete, the area will be within 15km of Bridge City and 20km of the Umhlanga Ridge. The Clermont KwaDabeka area is home to approximately 110,000 people, housed in approximately 31,600 household at an average household size of 3.5 people/household. Approximately 3% of the metro population, living on less than 1% of the metro’s land holdings. Gross household density is 16du/ha. These statistics are according to the Census 2001 figures provided by StatsSA. The Clermont KwaDabeka area is a relatively mature settlement. 27% of the residents are under the age of 15. Of the population resident in the area, 58% are within the economically active age cohort, of which only 32% are employed. The profile ratios are relatively similar across the study area. Approximately 75% of the population has not completed secondary schooling and this aspect in all likelihood contributes to the low skill levels with the area. Low skilled occupations account for 56% of employment, blue collar work 23% and 22% white collar. As a result of the low skills base, 43% of households earn year less than R19,200pa (R1,600pm). Average household income in R15,917pa (R1,325pm). Housing tenure patterns reflect an active rental market (60%), of which the large majority occurs in Clermont. Houses that are owned and fully paid-off are Figure 1: Regional Connectivity

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2.2 SWOT Analysis As part of the process of integrating the status quo reports the Project Team, Clermont KwaDabeka. The issues were grouped or arranged using the identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) to performance dimensions articulated by Lynch as a guideline. The outcomes of development in the study area and through a workshop process collectively this process are summarized as the Strategic Thrusts that will guide the next identified what it considered would be the key issues facing the communities of stages of the project.

Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Economic • Densely populated – the two areas • The hilly terrain poses challenges in • Densely populated, meaning that • Politically motivated violence used to have a labour force, which can help terms of development and provision there is a market for selling goods and occur in the past and taxi wars build their economies. of infrastructure. Rivers and valleys services (i.e. potential customers continue to threaten people’s lives. • Both areas have a relatively young also create barriers isolating should new businesses be established Some investors might be reluctant to population that can still be trained. communities from surrounding in the area). invest in the area • Committed entrepreneurs who want neighbourhoods / suburbs. The • Main road that connects the area to • Closure of industries in to improve the areas from which they terrain poses problems for other centres under construction). It Pinetown/New Germany may operate A number of local business pedestrian and vehicular access to provides easy access to main roads. threaten livelihoods of Clermont/ people want to take part in local individual properties. This is • The area is located close to Durban KwaDabeka residents economic development for especially so in KwaDabeka where CBD, the industrial centres of • Current tenure system which is Clermont/KwaDabeka the slopes are steeper. Pinetown and New Germany, Durban largely free hold limits development • The area has rich history that can be Habour Durban International Airport. opportunities in the area used as tourist attraction for the area Thus, goods and services can flow in (fragmentation and complexity of i.e. township tours and out of the area with ease consolidating developable parcels of • Clermont will be used as one of the (provided infrastructure is upgraded). land). training venues for the 2010 World • Two existing economic hubs in • Focus on internal development and Cup which provides an opportunity to adjacent areas i.e. Pinetown and New reaping internal opportunities versus market the area as a cultural tourism Germany that presents opportunities external focus on integration with destination. for the development of surrounding neighbourhoods. • Proximity to major metropolitan complementary services in employment and Clermont/KwaDabeka. commercial/industrial node of • Construction of P577 linking Pinetown and New Germany Clermont/KwaDabeka, Pinetown and • Significant freehold title providing New Germany to INK areas and basis for business financing and possibly to Dube Trade Port. upgrading of asset stock • Existing support of SMME • Demand for sale and rental of development from SEDAs. The properties majority of business operators in • Existing public sector commitment to Pinetown send their employees on business centre upgrades and skills training courses

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Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats supporting local economic • Clermont has been declared a mixed development investment node which presents opportunities to attract investment opportunities • Potential to integrate Clermont and KwaDabeka with surrounding areas – especially New Germany and to more creatively utilise buffer space. • Scope to build on suburban neighbourhood qualities to reinforce property values and enhance urban livelihoods • Prospects exist to build partnerships with businesses in New Germany and Pinetown around aspects of LED strategy including the FET and ESC. Environme • Water supply for washing, cleaning • Rapid development with • Assimilation and dilution of sewage, • Poor water quality reduces ntal etc. Water can also be used for transformation of natural open domestic effluent etc. desirability of using water for subsistence agriculture to support spaces to housing. • Reduce flooding risk and therefore washing, cleaning, watering gardens sustainable rural livelihood strategy. • Severe pressure on remaining open threat to human life and etc. High levels of industrial effluent • Natural open spaces which can be spaces, especially along Umgeni infrastructure. and sewage in water, especially Aller used for recreation e.g. swimming, River, due to demand for housing. • Provide important east-west linkages R. also pose significant health risk. fishing, walking, as well as spiritual • Development in areas which are between natural open spaces of • Functionality of streams and river and religious purposes. unsuitable (i.e. steep slopes or • Pinetown and New Germany and severely degraded, and therefore • Potential for subsistence agriculture within drainage lines). Umgeni River, a major wildlife ability to assimilate and dilute waste. and market garden on floodplains of • Increasing need to formally protect corridor between coast and interior. In most cases, such as the Aller River, water courses, especially along the remaining natural open spaces (i.e. Also provides potential altitudinal the assimilation and dilution capacity Umgeni river. grassland / woodland along Umgeni refuge for wildlife forced inland due of the ecosystem has been exceeded. • Grassland / woodland areas provide River). to effects of global climate change. • Wetlands and floodplains severely important soil stability function, as • Need to properly manage remaining • Collection of woodfuel and fibres for degraded due to encroachment from well as attenuating stormwater flow, open spaces (i.e. AIP control, solid subsistence (e.g. cooking) or development, soil erosion, and AIP and facilitating infiltration. These waste removal, controlled burning commercial (e.g. weave baskets) infestation. The ability of river areas therefore greatly reduce the etc.) to prevent these areas purposes. system to reduce flooding risk is risk of flooding and regulate water becoming a liability to local • Potential to provide grazing areas for therefore greatly reduced. supply through the renewal of community. livestock, thereby supporting cultural • Poor water quality reduces baseflow. • Adequate policing and regulation of traditions and rural livelihood desirability of using stream, rivers • Due to large size and moderate legal and illegal activities, such as strategy. etc. for recreation purposes, as well condition of natural open space, the sand winning, dumping, and • Spiritual. Potential to sustainably as posing a significant health risk. AIP

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Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats area is an important generator of resource harvesting. harvest medicinal plants, woodfuel, on river banks and floodplains also ecosystem services. These areas also • Poor service delivery with many of and fibres for domestic purposes. reduce visual amenity of these open have the potential to provide a the areas not adequately serviced • Natural open spaces which can be spaces and therefore the desirability habitat for a number of red data (e.g. sewage, solid waste removal used for recreation (e.g. walking) and to be used for spiritual and religious species, such as the black-head dwarf etc.). spiritual and religious purposes. purposes. Illegal dumping in streams chameleon • Infrastructure also not adequately • Conserve important coastal grassland and rivers, as well as illegal sand • Potential to sustainably harvest maintained. which is severely under threat within winning operations on Umgeni River medicinal plants, woodfuel, and • General lack of education and the eThekwini Municipality. also severely reduce amenity value of fibres for domestic purposes. awareness among community • Scarp / riparian forest areas provide these areas. • Natural open spaces which can be members with regards to important soil stability function, as • Ability of natural open spaces to used for recreation (e.g. walking) and indiscriminate dumping of solid • well as attenuating stormwater flow, provide refuge and habitat for fauna spiritual and religious purposes. waste in rivers and streams, building and facilitating infiltration. These and flora is severely constrained by within drainage lines, and health • areas therefore greatly reduce the encroachment of development, AIP risks posed by sewage disposal. risk of flooding and regulate water infestation, over utilisation of natural resources, and poor water quality. • Impacts on Clermont-KwaDabeka • supply through the renewal of • area from upstream activities. Also baseflow. The majority of drainage lines within Clermont-KwaDabeka area are impacts of Clermont-KwaDabeka • Natural open spaces which can be infested with AIP which do not offer area on downstream areas which used for recreation (e.g. walking) same level of ecosystem goods (i.e. increase risk. • and spiritual and religious purposes. • as woodfuel and fibres) as Lack of strategic or local • Conserve important scarp forest and indigenous plants which they have environmental planning within riparian forest areas which are under replaced. Clermont-KwaDabeka area. threat within the eThekwini • • Increased risk of crop losses due to Number of small environmental Municipality. Potential to establish flooding from accelerated projects. large and functional ecosystem stormwater run-off from upstream • Projects are generally funded by non service generators as many of these areas. government organisations from areas are undevelopable due to slope • With the exception of the grassland / outside of area. (greater than 30 degrees) and / or woodland areas along the Umgeni • There appears to be a lack of situated within drainage lines. These River which are in a moderate government support and funding for areas also have the potential to condition, the remaining grassland environmentally based projects in support a number of red data species area. /woodland areas within the Clermont/KwaDabeka area are • Projects are generally community based initiatives, focusing on severely degraded, largely due to AIP providing employment infestation. The ability of these areas opportunities, capacity building, to provide soil stability, attenuate poverty alleviation, and improving stormwater run-off, and facilitate living conditions for local infiltration is therefore greatly community. reduced.

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Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats • River which are in a moderate • Although the majority of grassland / condition, the remaining grassland / woodland areas are in moderate woodland areas within the condition, the carrying capacity of Clermont/KwaDabeka area are these areas is greatly reduced. severely degraded, largely due to AIP • The infestation of AIPs within infestation. The ability of these areas grassland / woodland areas greatly to provide soil stability, attenuate reduces ability of these systems to stormwater run-off, and facilitate supply medicinal plants, woodfuel infiltration is therefore greatly and fibres. reduced. • Visual amenity of natural open spaces reduced by AIP infestations. • Areas are also not sufficiently managed (i.e. AIP control and appropriate burning) and grassland is therefore degraded. • Development pressure and lack of management (i.e. AIP control and appropriate burning) has reduced condition and ability to supply ecosystem services. • Scarp/riparian forest areas provide important soil stability function, as well as attenuating stormwater flow, and facilitating infiltration. These areas therefore greatly reduce the risk of flooding and regulate water supply through the renewal of baseflow. • Potential to sustainably harvest medicinal plants, woodfuel, and fibres for domestic purposes. • Conserve important scarp forest and riparian forest areas which are under threat within the eThekwini Municipality. Potential to establish large and functional ecosystem service generators as many of these areas are undevelopable due to slope

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Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (greater than 30 degrees) and/or situated within drainage lines. These areas also have the potential to support a number of red data species.

Housing • Established rental market and stock • Fragmented private ownership of • New housing policy favouring • Lack of or restricted funding for • Greenfield and brownfields land for land establishment of more sustainable establishing new social and densification and new development. • Very little unencumbered public housing forms and choices. affordable housing options. • Established private landlords with owned land. • Funding for Community Residential • Low affordability levels capacity to enlarge and manage • Unserviced informal settlements. Units and hostel upgrading. rental stock options. • Steep, difficult topographical • Precedent for higher density housing • Established servicing infrastructure conditions that are costly to develop. options footprint with capacity to accommodate expansion Transporta • Established internal road • Severe topographical conditions • Potential Links to regional systems • Difficulties in integrating public tion infrastructure network discourage easy pedestrian through the MR 577 transport system • Establish but underutilized public movement and linkage between transport infrastructure i.e. taxi neighbourhoods terminals. • Unsurfaced roads discourages public • High residential densities support transport services public transport • Lack of pedestrian infrastructure and routes Infrastruct • Established bulk infrastructure • Unserviced informal settlements • Expansion and redevelopment of • Lack of funding for basic services ure systems • Inadequate refuse removal system existing infrastructure networks to provision improve overall service delivery • Lack of payment for services • Inadequate maintenance and operation budgets Spatial • The topography offers the area a • The hilly terrain poses challenges in • A greater focus on pedestrian • Inadequate connectivity to the east distinct ‘sense of place’, which should terms of development and provision connectivity and on the quality of the due to topographic constraints. be capitalized. of infrastructure. Rivers and valleys public realm can improve the quality • Inadequate facilities for pedestrian • Existing landmarks and places of also create barriers isolating of life for residents. Similarly and non-motorised transport. natural and historic significance communities from surrounding upgrading of informal residential • The extent of informality and lack of • Existing nodes neighbourhoods/suburbs. The areas and improved provision of services. • Compact urban form promotes terrain poses problems for services and facilities will impact • There is a need for development of pedestrian and vehicular access to positively on the quality of life.

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Sector Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats diversity and high threshold for trade individual properties. This is • Creation of active built edges/facades smaller playparks and public spaces and public transport especially so in KwaDabeka where will improve surveillance and safety • The terrain is steeper than that in • Vacant and developable land the slopes are steeper. as well as enhance the vibrance of the Clermont and provision of • Mix of urban densities promotes • Largely mono-functional landuse and place. infrastructure is therefore more diversity and variety of housing lack of economic opportunities with • Improved sidewalks, pedestrian paths challenging. Lack of vegetation and choice Built edges are often negative with and linkages will enhance quality of facilities decreases the quality and blank walls dominating important life. experience of the settlement. spaces. • Further upgrade and provision of Provision of sidewalks and pedestrian • Sidewalks and facilities for basic services. facilities is poor. pedestrian movement are poor / • Important / scenic public spaces and • The open spaces and edges non-existent. landmarks can be linked to create a surrounding the hostels are in many • Lack of adequate services in informal ‘tourism route’ through the area. instances hostile and neglected. areas • Creating good quality public spaces • Lack of dignity and poor provision of and places for people. services. • The series of open spaces offer • Lack of adequate facilities / potential to be redeveloped as good opportunities for sports and quality public spaces offering recreation recreational amenity. • Upgrade of informal settlements and provision of basic services. • Important landmarks and public spaces need to be revived and new ones created so that residents can start to benefit from the use of these.

2.3 Situational Analysis Technical Notes A detailed technical notes of the status quo were completed in the first phase of the project and is available if further information is required.

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3 What Does Township or Urban Regeneration Mean relates to safety of person from hazards, disease and environmental pollution and to the maintenance of the balance between urban living and access to for Clermont/KwaDabeka? sustainable natural areas. The Project Team asked itself the question who, and / or what, needs to be SENSE - the degree to which the area can be clearly perceived and to which it regenerated where, how and when? The question was asked in order to be clear connects to the values of its residents i.e. the landmarks, features and character as to what the project focus is and also in order to revisit their approach to, of the places and built form that provide identity, orientation and meaning for its understanding, and planning for, circumstances in human settlements such as inhabitants. those prevalent in Clermont KwaDabeka. FIT - the degree to which the form and capacity of the area matches the pattern Regeneration was identified by the team as being a set of development and quantity of activity of the residents i.e. the manner in which the spaces, interventions directly related to the performance of the study area as a places, buildings and infrastructure that make up the living environment “platform” or “stage” that would effectively accommodate and enable the day to accommodate the activities of the community with respect to their work, play day activities of the people of Clermont / KwaDabeka and that would continue to and home life. provide a “platform” or “stage” for sustainable living for future generations. In CONTROL - the degree to which the use of, creation of and management of other words regeneration revolved around ensuring that the physical, social, spaces can be controlled by those who use them i.e. this refers to the community economic and institutional environment adequately provided the means for and institutional capacities and processes and the manner in which they permit people and communities to meet their basic needs, provide them with the and enable individuals and communities to contribute to the shaping of their opportunity to improve their lives, and allowed them to live with dignity. living environments. The work of urban theorist and urban planner Kevin Lynch in his book “Good City Form” was used as a basis to structure the strategic assessment and evaluation of the performance of the study area. Lynch’s work revolved around the Regeneration then, for the Project Team, means the improvement of the identification and definition of a set of dimensions (or criterion) that could be performance of the urban (township) and natural environment of used to measure or evaluate the performance a City or part thereof in terms of its Clermont KwaDabeka in terms of the dimensions described above so that meaning for its inhabitants and in terms of how it meets human needs. This work, the quality of life of individuals and communities is measurably uplifted. by his own admission, is a contribution to the broader and ongoing discourse Regeneration would be achieved through interventions, across the relating to how we identify and achieve “a sense of better” with regard to the conventional development sectors, that seek to protect, enhance or making and remaking of human settlements. where necessary establish improved performance levels in the environment, in institutions and in people all of which leads to a “sense of The “performance dimensions” that Lynch identified are summarized below: better”. ACCESS - the ability to reach other persons, places, resources, services and information i.e. adequacy of the movement networks to link people and opportunity, the availability of, and “reachability” of, resources and services in terms of time and cost. VITALITY - the degree to which the form of the area supports the vital functions and biological requirements of human beings i.e. this would relate to aspects such as availability of water, clean air, energy, waste removal and food. It also

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4 Development Framework for Clermont KwaDabeka 4.2.1 Inclusivity Development should ensure that all sectors of society and stakeholders within 4.1 Towards a Vision the study area are accommodated and have an equal chance of accessing and The area will be predominately urban with a number of clearly identifiable sharing in and benefitting from development. precincts each with their own role and character and which support different levels of activity and density. These will each have a sense of community which 4.2.2 Lifestyle Choice will accommodate, protect and respect individual and/or family privacy. In order to obtain a balanced community the area should provide residential accommodation options for a range of high density urban lifestyles and it should The public spaces will be safe and people friendly and designed to allow people accommodate opportunities for individuals and families in different phases of from the area to recreate, engage with one another and participate in public their life cycle i.e. singles, students, couples, families, elderly. activities conveniently. 4.2.3 Connectivity and Mobility The area will have a limited number of mixed use nodes that will provide for the delivery of commercial and community services and civic pride and it will have a Mobility options should be available so that people can choose to move by significant sports node which will be actively used for a variety of city and local private and public transport through the area quickly from one point to another. sports events. 4.2.4 Urban Service Levels The various precincts will contain a variety of different housing options and will High level of urban services delivery (i.e. regular and frequent waste removal, have neighbourhood nodes where people can access a variety of urban and street cleaning, policing, public transport etc.) is provided and maintained. suburban lifestyles. As such the area will feature quieter predominantly residential neighbourhoods as well as housing in high intensity mixed use areas. 4.2.5 Pedestrian Priority The area will be provide high levels of mobility for pedestrians, cyclists, public Need for clearly demarcated, well designed and well managed “pedestrian transport users and car owners allowing them to easily access economic priority” facilities and infrastructure that make pedestrian movement and activity opportunities in the broader municipal area as well as enabling them to move safe and convenient. around easily within their own neighbourhoods. Residents will be able to actively participate in the governance of their area 4.2.6 Community Participation: through various forums and will feel a sense of pride and ownership regarding Members of the community should be actively involved in decision making their living environment. regarding the future of their area. Some of the projects proposed here might involve the relocation of some community members. These impacted community 4.2 Development Principles members must be intimately involved in the relocation planning and should be moved in a manner that does not compromise the advantages of the location The following principles have been applied in developing this business plan and that they currently enjoy. should be applied throughout the implementation of the business plan:

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4.2.7 Small Business Opportunities Germany on the west, the New Germany industrial node on its south-west boundary and the Aller River in the south. Opportunities should be created for local small businesses to play a role in the provision of products and services required in the implementation of the projects The regionally accessibility of Clermont KwaDabeka to the north will alter and programmes contained in this plan. substantially with the completion of the MR577 which will assist in opening up the transportation system that currently operates in the area. 4.2.8 Sustainability: The study area comprises two main neighbourhoods, Clermont and KwaDabeka. Interventions and actions should be environmentally, economically and socially Each has different settlement histories, settlement characteristics and different sustainable populations. Development is clustered in the south west of the study area where the landform 4.2.9 Protect Biodiversity: is more compact. The eastern/north-eastern edges of the study area are Biodiversity should be protected for current and future generations. fragmented by deeply incised river valley systems and settlement in this portion of the study area is limited to the narrow spurs that extend into the Umgeni 4.3 Goals Valley System. Access to the east and north is severely constrained by the Umgeni River Valley The key goals of the development framework are: system and the new Umgeni Viaduct under construction as part of the MR577 • Increase investment in Public Space and Infrastructure that will support development offers the only opportunity for access between the study area and individual and community activities and support and encourage higher the north. levels of private investment Internal circulation is constrained by topography in the east. Clermont and • Reduce unemployment and increase income for families through greater KwaDabeka are connected via a dominant spine system along Zazi Street/North connectivity to opportunities in the wider metropolitan area and through Road/Khululeka Drive. The remainder of the area is serviced via a number of loop the provision of space and infrastructure that promotes local economic roads that connect to this dominant north/south spine. development • Improve quality of life though improved delivery of and operation of At the street-level in areas where topography is fragmented and steep, there is a services and facilities and through restructuring of the urban vertical disconnection between houses and streets. Houses are either well above environment or below street level and sites require severe platforms and reinforced banking. • Reduction in crime and an improvement in safety and security through Clermont is the older, more established settlement where the development improved design of infrastructure, housing, facilities and the public patterns reflect a compact and organic sub-divisional pattern. Lot sizes are environment. irregular and the layout has been determined by landform and fragmented private ownership. The area has a strong urban feel. 4.4 Existing Spatial Structure KwaDabeka on the other hand has been developed as a result of the formal Clermont KwaDabeka is a contained residential enclave with a closed upgrading of informal settlements on large tracts of public-owned land. The transportation system. It is bordered by the dramatic Umgeni River Valley System resultant sub-divisional pattern is more ordered and lot sizes more regular. The on its north and east boundaries, by the formal residential neighbourhood of New area has a predominately suburban feel which is likely to alter substantially with the completion of the MR577.

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4.5 New Concepts for Spatial Structure In order to redress some of the imbalances in the existing spatial structure the following elements are proposed as a means of reorganising space and activity to provide improved urban performance levels.

4.5.1 Precincts On closer inspection of the two main places, a number of smaller identifying spatial units becomes apparent. These are defined by the combination of physical features, homogeneity, access, character and form and are indicated in Figure 2: Spatial Units. Six spatial units have been identified and are shown in Figure 2 below:-
Clermont Central is a cohesive spatial unit with similar formal urban mixed use settlement characteristics
Clermont Emngeni is a fragmented suburban residential spatial unit, similar in nature to Westville North
KwaDabeka Central a fragmented spatial unit with a patchwork settlement pattern ranging from high density urban hostels, to informal settlements, in-situ upgrades and planned suburban housing layouts.
KwaDabeka East is an isolated spatial unit that is suburban nature
KwaDabeka North is a suburban settlement separated from the remainder of the study area by the predominant MR577 that acts as a barrier. Settlement in the area is fragmented by numerous small river valley systems.
Portion of Berkshire Downs suburban settlement pattern disconnected from Berkshire Downs proper Figure 2: Spatial Units

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4.5.2 Activity Street 4.5.6 Accommodation of Existing Policies The Zazi Street and North Road Activity Street and its future extension along In addition to the above the following spatial proposals identified in previous Spiral Road to link up with the MR 577 in the northern parts of the study area will planning initiatives should be noted and have been addressed in programme be a critical restructuring element that will provide improved regional design:- accessibility for residents as well as an extension of the mixed use street that
New urban design guidelines prepared for the Clermont CBD provides services to residents. The element is also essential as an integrating feature which will integrate Clermont and KwaDabeka which have traditionally
Existing approved projects in the Clermont CBD Renewal Framework always been perceived as separate neighbourhoods. must be accommodated and planned around
New sports complex being developed between Sugar Ray Xulu Stadium 4.5.3 Nodes and Christianburg sports field, this includes public realm upgrades in the Existing local level commercial and community nodes are to be reinforced as vicinity, includes a new swimming pool service points whilst a third mixed use node is proposed in the northern areas to
Zazi Street/North Road to be developed as an Activity spine (joins the extend services to KwaDabeka East and North. Clermont CBD and KwaDabeka Nodes The Sugar Ray Sports node should be reinforced as a node that will attract
Higher density housing (>35du/ha) and mixed use activities to be additional community service and commercial thresholds into the study area. encouraged along Zazi Street and North Drive 4.5.4 Open Space
Ensure integration of the study area with the MR577 The significant open space elements that surround the study area should be
Higher order facilities to be clustered in the Clermont CBD, KwaDabeka consolidated as an integrated open space system which serves not only local Node and Unit D node. communities but also the wider environmental services requirements of the
Integrate public transport facilities into identified nodes metropolitan area. This system should be protected and serve as a limit to urban
Upgrade and integrate the KK Hostels into the KwaDabeka node expansion in an easterly and northerly direction.

4.5.5 Densification The elements outlined in this section area spatially represented in the Spatial Whilst Clermont displays some of the highest densities for lower income areas Concept for Clermont KwaDabeka Figure 3. there is opportunity for additional brownfield densification within Clermont’s formal suburbs and urban areas. There is also opportunity in the upgrading of informal areas for densification options to be introduced. Densification is important for the improvement of public transportation and community services thresholds.

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Figure 3: Proposed Spatial Concept for Clermont/KwaDabeka

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4.6 Land Use Management System (LUMS) Land Use Management System guidelines have been generated that will give effect to the spatial concepts and development principles identified above. These are preliminary recommendations and are intended as inputs to a scheme amendment procedure that would need to be reviewed and ratified through an appropriate scheme amendment/establishment procedure as laid out in the Planning and Development Act of KwaZulu Natal. The guidelines (map and tables) are detailed in

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Annexure 1 and have attempted to achieve the following:

1. Rationalise existing appropriate land uses as well as regulate inappropriate (and perhaps exist illegal) land uses. 2. Integrate proposed zoning categories with the Municipality’s preferred zoning categories. 3. Accommodate the intention of appropriate lands use controls embedded in the R1888 regulations that have been used to control development in the past. 4. Introduce zoning controls that would assist in achieving the development vision and spatial concepts proposed for the project area (i.e. mixed use nodes, activity streets/spines, high density residential). 5. Make provision for a zone for the special conditions that pertain to the KK Hostels. The proposed zoning recommendations have been prepared in order to give effect to the proposed planning for the area as contained in the development framework document and the precinct plans as well as to provide a tool for regularising current land uses. Key policies that may need to be applied with the establishment of a new scheme include: • Any existing use which does not comply with the recommendations as per the proposed scheme map should either provide proof or prior planning permission for such use or submit an appropriate application to the Municipality for consideration. • Conditions of Establishment applying to housing projects and upgrading projects will need to be incorporated into the proposed recommendations. • A an update of the cadastral base on which zoning is ascribed to is required, particularly in the KwaDabeka area i.e. erven misrepresent development on the ground • The rezoning amendments would need to be supported by and appropriate level Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) that would measure and provide for the impacts of the proposed zonings. • Undertake a full public participation process in both English and Zulu.

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5 Strategies and Focus Areas 3. Financial Benefits: The key financial benefits will be: a. Lower internal and external transport costs The desired outcome of the Clermont KwaDabeka Township Regeneration b. A range of free or lower cost local recreational opportunities Programme is that the physical, social, economic and institutional environment c. A wider range of accommodation types and rental options adequately provides the means for people and communities to meet their basic The programme has been designed to align and support a variety of different needs, provide them with the opportunity to improve their lives, and allowed municipality initiatives and plans for the area. The key spatial proposals from them to live with dignity. these are noted in the situational analysis and these have been accommodated in Table 1 outlines in more detail the key strategies and focus areas that should be the programme design. addressed to achieve this desired outcome. Table 1: Key Strategies and Focus Areas The main rationale for the programme is to improve the performance of the area as a “platform” or “stage” that would effectively accommodate and enable the day to day activities of the people of Clermont / KwaDabeka and that would continue to provide a “platform” or “stage” for sustainable living for future generations. The projects of the regeneration programme specifically aim to address issues that are considered to be hindrances to the performance of the area. The specific benefits that will be achieved if the programme is implemented are: 1. Social Benefits: The key social benefits will be: a. Improved living environments as they are kept clean and there is a clearer sense of ownership and territoriality. b. Better and more functional public spaces and public facilities for recreational activities c. Better connectivity within and between neighbourhoods to increase community and interaction. d. Safer public spaces as a result of provision of pavement and crossing points and the application of environmental design principles that promote crime prevention. 2. Economic Benefits: The key economic benefits will be: a. Improved regional connectivity will result in better and cheaper access to external economic opportunities and will also promote investment in the area. b. Investment opportunities in the area will be improved as a result of the enhanced urban environment. c. Increased and improved economic space will enable and promote investment and local economic activity. #

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6 Market Assessment and Need

Strategies Focus Need Strategy One: Focus A : Establish improved Regional Integration While well located in the region the physical links to the broader area are poor and don’t take advantage of the location. Improve Physical Connectivity and Reducing travel time Focus B : Improve Urban Connectivity Internal urban connectivity for pedestrians (one of the major modes of (Access) transport) can be improved to enhance local movement in the area. Strategy Two: Focus C : Improve Basic Services Street sweeping and waste collection in the area are currently inadequate. In addition numerous informal settlements need improvement in basic services. Reduce time and effort in meeting basic needs and Focus D: Protect, Rehabilitate and Enhance The area has significant open space areas and is also adjacent to the Umgeni services Environmental Services Generators River. These assets need to be protected and enhanced to improve the (Vitality) services they offer to the region. Strategy Three: Focus E: Establish and enhance Imageability and Establish an environment that looks maintained and managed so that it Legibility fosters confidence in the area for investment in private property and in Establishing a sense of business opportunities ownership, territoriality, pride and dignity Focus F : Establish and Protect Territoriality and Identity Promote and enhance individual and communi ty identity and belonging and a (Sense) sense of ownership that will assist with security, local investment and payment for services Strategy Four: Focus G : Increase supply of functional Public Space Public spaces will provide increased local recreational opportunities. Making space for lifestyle Focus H : Increase and improve Economic Spaces There are numerous opportunities for improve local economic activity along a needs and growth variety and nodes and corridors. Economic spaces should be increased and (Fit) improved to take advantage of these opportunities. Focus I : I ncrease and enhance Housing Choice Further housing choice with enhance housing opportunities in the area, provide alternatives to informal settlements and improve densities and so maximise use of services and improve local economic activity. Strategy Five: Focus J : Enhance Coordination and Cooperation Existing stakeholder groups are under resourced and poorl y co -ordinated. between Stakeholder Groups People Development and Involvement Focus K : Build Human Capacity The area is close to employment areas and improved human capacity in the (Control) desired skill areas will increase employment levels.

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7 Programme Specification The Clermont KwaDabeka Township Regeneration programme proposes a range of interventions for the area (Figure 4). These are presented in separate tables of precinct specific interventions and guidelines for development as well as identified projects for each precinct. Township wide projects are also indentified. Prioritised projects fall within the identified Priority Action Areas (PAA’s).

Figure 4: Precincts Overview and Action Area Plans

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7.1 Clermont Central Precinct 7.1.2 Clermont Central Precinct Guidelines LAND USE GUIDELINES 7.1.1 Clermont Central Precinct Interventions Housing • Promote full utilisation of residential density rights on underdeveloped properties along North Road particularly for the Clermont Central is a cohesive spatial unit with formal urban mixed use creation of additional rental residential and small-scale commercial settlement characteristics. It has the original town centre that serves as an stock. economic and social hub to both Clermont and KwaDabeka. The recently • Upgrade informal settlements along eastern, north eastern and upgraded Zazi Street is the main street and serves as an important public space northern edges of the formal township areas. In the interim provide linking social facilities and economic activity. The street is edged by single / two- basic health and safety infrastructure to the informal settlements. storey development, is well landscaped and provides good pedestrian facilities. In Commercial • Expand commercial mixed use rights footprint in the Clermont CBD th th addition to the town centre the newly renovated Sugar Ray Xulu World Cup between13th and 11 streets and along Clermont Street up to 10 Practice Stadium is located in the south of the precinct. Street. • Extend commercial mixed use rights along Zazi/North Street up to 1 st Clermont Central has a range of housing types. These vary from small, single Street. storey detached units to larger terraced units and multi-storey flats / up market • Limit further commercial uses along Krause and P.Tshabala Road to suburban houses. Units that edge the main movement routes often include a local neighbourhood uses and to local interceptory points. shop front accommodating a spaza shop / food outlet. The area is well vegetated • Limit further commercial uses along Kings Road to local with an abundance of well-established trees. Soil conditions are good and neighbourhood uses and to local interceptory points th vegetable gardens are evident in many places. • Permit local neighbourhood uses along 18 Avenue loop at local interceptory points. The key roles of the precinct are to: • Consolidate appropriate recreation, sport and entertainment 1. Provide an economic hub for the broader area commercial mixed uses around Stadium Precinct Industrial • Permit small scale retail/workshops on the western periphery of the 2. Provide a range of housing options to residents CBD • 3. Provide a regional recreational focus through the Stadium Precinct Community Consolidate township scale facilities in the CBD node. Facilities • Consolidate Sugar Ray Xulu Sports Node The purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are: • Upgrade and landscape Cemetery sites • 1. To improve road and pedestrian connectively to adjoining areas and Landscape public environment surrounding schools, cemeteries, places of worship and other public facilities within the precinct itself. Open Space • Establish open space system along the Aller Tributary as integrating 2. To promote high densities to increase the thresholds for public transport, element between Clermont and KwaDabeka commercial activity and for the provision of community services. • Establish Open Space system along the Aller River Tributary • Establish Gateway Park at entrance to Clermont CBD off Posselt Road 3. To enhance the attractiveness and operation of services and facilities so along Aller River as to improve quality of life in the precinct. Agriculture • Permit private market gardens and promote community gardens on useable edges of the open space system.

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Figure 5: Clermont Central Precinct Concept Plan

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7.1.3 Clermont Central Precinct Projects Projects Sub-Projects Description Project A: Sub-Project 1: Upgrade public environment of The gateway to Zazi street is an important entrance to the broader Clermont KwaDabeka area. This sub-project will Priority Action Area: Zazi Street gateway to Zazi Street involve establishing side-walks on both sides of the street, planting indigenous trees along the street, ensuring that the Node street space conforms to Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design Principles (CPTED), providing appropriate space for informal traders and providing waste bins. Sub-Project 2: Establish New Link between A link between Zazi Street and Krause Rd will facilitate easier and safer movement between these two significant roads. Zazi Street to Krause Rd This sub-project will involve acquiring the land to create the link, establishing a roadway and pedestrian pathway, planting indigenous trees along the path, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 3: Upgrade public environment of This intersection has a youth centre and taxi rank. This sub-project will involve ensuring safe pedestrian crossings at the intersection intersection, planting of indigenous trees to enhance the youth centre and taxi rank, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 4: Upgrade public environment of This pedestrian way links commuters from the taxi rank to Zazi Street. This sub-project will involve landscaping the informal market and pedestrian way pedestrian way to accommodate informal traders and easy movement by pedestrians. The project should include planting of indigenous trees, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 5: Establish pedestrian link A pedestrian link through the former petrol station will create an important link between new sites on Zazi Street and between new sites and proposed social proposed social facilities. This sub-project will involve acquiring the land to create the link, establishing a pedestrian facilities pathway, planting indigenous trees along the path, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 6: Establish pedestrian link The social facilities here provide an opportunity to create a pedestrian link between Zazi Street and 11 th Street. This between Zazi Street and 11th Street sub-project will involve acquiring the land to create the link, establishing a pedestrian pathway, planting indigenous trees along the path, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 7: Create Entrance on 12th Street To improve accessibility to the facilities an entrance should be created on 12 th Street. This sub-project will involve securing agreement for the new entrance, creating an appropriate entrance way and putting in place any required access control. Sub-Project 8: Implement Traffic Calming and There is an opportunity to improve pedestrian safety at this intersection. This sub-project will include designing and Safe Pedestrian Crossing implementing appropriate traffic calming measures and establishing safe pedestrian crossings. Sub-Project 9: Initiate Rezoning of Zazi Street To increase the economic activity in the Zazi Street Node mixed use and commercial activities should be promoted and Corridor to General Residential or General supported. This sub-project will involve identifying appropriate new zoning for the land in the node and completing the Commercial rezoning process. Sub-Project 10: Investigate feasibility of These sites provide an opportunity to consolidate smaller lots into multi-story mixed use developments. This sub- consolidation of lots project will involve a feasibility study to determine if consolidation of the lots is feasible in the light of existing land ownership and existing use. Sub-Project 11: Investigate potential for in-fill This vacant site provides an opportunity for a multi-story in-fill development. This sub-project will involve a feasibility development study to determine if a development is feasible in the light of existing land ownership. Sub-Project 12: Complete Taxi Rank Project The new taxi rank has not been properly completed. This sub-project will involve landscaping the taxi rank to accommodate informal traders. The project should include planting of indigenous trees, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. The project must involve consultation with the Taxi Associations and commuter groups to ensure that the complete rank meets taxi operator and community needs and is of sufficient size for the number of taxi services and routes running to and from the Township.

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Projects Sub-Projects Description Sub-Project 13: Entrepreneurship Centre Development of a Centre for the training and support of small business and entrepreneurship. Project B Sub-Project 1: Upgrade Public Environment of North Rd is an important transport corridor linking the Zazi Street Node to the KwaDabeka Node. This sub-project will Priority Action Area: North Rd North Rd involve establishing side-walks on both sides of the road, landscaping the road with indigenous trees, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 2: Establish Safe Pedestrian Safe pedestrian crossings are required through-out North Rd. This sub-project will involve the establishment of safe Crossings at key locations pedestrian crossings at all the indicated locations. Sub-Project 3: Upgrade Public Environment of The public environment of this public facility requires improvement. This sub-project will involve planting indigenous public facility trees along the path, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 4: Initiate Rezoning to General To increase the economic activity in along North Rd mixed use and commercial activities should be promoted and Residential or General Commercial supported. This sub-project will involve identifying appropriate new zoning for the land along North Rd and completing throughout North Rd the rezoning process. Project C N/A There is an opportunity to increase the variety of housing stock and to increase the and small-scale commercial rental Promote and facilitate full stock in the area by promoting high density rental accommodation and small-scale commercial rental stock in a number development of properties for high of areas in this precinct. This project will involve rezoning the areas to general residential or general commercial, density rental and small-scale introducing separate and multi meter systems on single properties, establishing letting association with an expert commercial accommodation board to monitor and facilitate performance and facilitating greater interaction between financiers, property agents and lands-owners. Project D N/A The project will involve upgrading the soccer pitch, creating a cricked oval, establishing berm seating and putting in Develop Christianenburg Sports Hub place new amenities including a new indoor sports hub to serve the Clermont Kwa Dabeka Communities The Hub will provide support and training for sports related activities, management and related business development Project E N/A Since the refurbishment of the Stadium as a world cup practice venue there is now an opportunity to densify and Densify and Intensify Sugar Ray Xulu intensify activity in the area around the stadium. This project will involve promoting residential densification and Stadium Node establishing mixed use commercial opportunities in the area. In addition it will involve planting indigenous trees throughout the node, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Project F N/A Safe pedestrian routes across the MR577 are required. This project involves establishment of safe pedestrian crossings Establish Pedestrian routes across and routes at the identified locations and which link Berkshire Downs and New Germany to Clermont Central. MR577 Project G N/A There are numerous informal settlements in the Clermont Central Precinct. Projects F to M involve addressing safety Upgrade Emapeleni informal upgrades at all the settlements that have not already been upgraded. These projects will involve the following settlement interventions: Project H 1. Installation of Stand pipes for access to water Upgrade Chris Hani informal 2. Construction of concrete 1.2 metre wide path way with fire hydrant at every 300 metres to decrease fire risk, settlement improve fire fighting and allow for fire escape (This also serves as a pedestrian path) 3. Installation of prepaid electricity metres Project I rd 4. Installation of municipally-owned and managed communal ablutions Upgrade 33 Avenue informal 5. Installation of street-lighting along main internal pedestrian routes and along the tarred roads adjoining the settlement settlements Project J 6. Introduction of skips or fenced concreted areas for the collection of trash in informal areas. th Upgrade 40 Avenue informal 7. Relocation of informal housing (if any) that is within a flood risk area settlement

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Projects Sub-Projects Description Project K Upgrade Vezunyawo informal settlement Project L Upgrade Gamora informal settlement Project M Upgrade P Tshabalala Avenue informal settlement Project N Upgrade Dukezwe informal settlement Project O N/A The current entry to P. Tshabala Rd from Rodger Sishi Rd is too narrow. This bridge should be widened. Widen Entry to P Tshabala Rd Project P N/A The section of P. Tshabala Rd from Roget Sishi Rd until Kraus Rd should be upgraded by widening the road and putting Upgrade P Tshabala Rd in sidewalks.

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Figure 6: Clermont Central Precinct

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Figure 7: Zazi Street Node Priority Action Area

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Figure 8: North Road Priority Action Area

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7.2 Clermont Emngeni Precinct LAND USE GUIDELINES 7.2.1 Clermont Emngeni Precinct Guidelines Housing • Promote full utilisation of residential density rights along Clermont Road Loop Road, particularly for the creation of This precinct is a discrete and linear residential enclave situated to the north east additional rental residential stock of Clermont Central along the ridgeline of a spur of land which penetrates the • Protect urban and suburban residential characters prevalent Aller River Valley. The neighbourhood has spectacular views of the valley but is in the precinct. restricted in terms of its connectivity to the remainder of the area by virtue of the • Upgrade informal settlements along southern edges of severity of the surrounding topographical conditions. The nature of the formal development. In the interim provide basic health and topography is such that the precinct consists of a number of discrete safety infrastructure to the informal settlements. neighbourhoods all linked together by a central spine road (Clermont Road) Commercial • Limit mixed use commercial uses to Clermont Road Loop which acts as a “community connector”. Spine and at interceptory points • Consolidate Local Node at intersection of Clermont and 38 TH Avenue. The roles of the precinct are to: • Establish commercial/high density residential mixed use local neighbourhood node at existing taxi rank node along • Provide identifiable residential neighbourhoods offering a range of Clermont Road housing options. Industrial • Limit industrial activity to home based industries only and • Provide an additional sports and recreation node for the whole township. that do not impact adversely on surrounding residential • Contribute to the provision of a sustainable metropolitan open space character. Ensure that existing industries conform to low system impact norms. Community Facilities • Retain existing community facility sites • Consolidate existing local nodes through location of new The purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are: facilities in these nodes. • Consolidate recreation node facilities at intersection of 1. To improve road and pedestrian connectively to adjoining areas and Clermont and 37 th Avenue within the precinct itself. Open Space • Protect, enhance and rehabilitate open space system assets along the Aller and its tributaries which penetrate residential 2. To improve the performance of the Spine connector as a service areas. spine to the various neighbourhoods. Agriculture • Utilise existing community facility sites for community or 3. To promote higher densities to increase the thresholds for public individual gardens until sites are need for community facility transport, commercial activity and for the provision of community use. services. • Promote market gardening on existing residential properties in low-density areas and on those adjoining the open space 4. To enhance the attractiveness and operation of services and facilities system. so as to improve quality of life in the precinct.

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Figure 9: Clermont Emngeni

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7.2.2 Clermont Emngeni Precinct Projects Projects Sub-Projects Description Project A Sub-Project 1: Upgrade Public Environment of Clermont Rd is an important transport corridor within this precinct. This sub-project will involve establishing side-walks Priority Action Area: Clermont Rd Clermont Rd on both sides of the road, landscaping the road with indigenous trees, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins.

Sub-Project 2: Establish safe pedestrian Safe pedestrian crossings are required along Clermont Rd. This sub-project will involve the establishment of safe crossings pedestrian crossings at all the indicated locations. Project B N/A There is a need for better pedestrian links between Clermont Emngeni and KK Hostels This project involves establishing Enhance Pedestrian Connectivity to pedestrian path ways along routes to be identified in close consultation with the Emngeni Community. Existing routes KK Hostels Precinct need to be tested and alternative options investigated. Project C N/A There are two informal settlements in the Clermont Emngeni Precinct. Projects F to M involve addressing safety Upgrade 40 th Avenue informal upgrades at all the settlements that have not already been upgraded. These projects will involve the following settlement interventions: Project D 1. Installation of Stand pipes for access to water Upgrade Soweto informal 2. Construction of concrete 1.2 metre wide path way with fire hydrant at every 300 metres to decrease fire risk, settlement improve fire fighting and allow for fire escape (This also serves as a pedestrian path) 3. Installation of prepaid electricity metres 4. Installation of municipally-owned and managed communal ablutions 5. Installation of street-lighting along main internal pedestrian routes and along the tarred roads adjoining the settlements 6. Introduction of skips or fenced concreted areas for the collection of trash in informal areas. 7. Relocation of informal housing (if any) that is within a flood risk area Project E N/A Safe pedestrian crossings are required in this area. This sub-project will involve the establishment of safe pedestrian Establish safe pedestrian crossing crossings at all the indicated locations. A raised island traffic crossing is required for the third crossing from the west on points ACROSS Clermont Rd Clermont Rd. Project F N/A There is an opportunity to improve pedestrian safety at this intersection. This sub-project will involve upgrading the Upgrade side walk at intersection sidewalks of the intersection to facilitate safer pedestrian use. between Clermont Rd and Shepstone Rd Project G N/A The public environment around the entrance St John’s Church requires improvement. This sub-project will involve Upgrade public environment around landscaping the public space, planting indigenous trees in the area, the application of CPTED principles and the St John’s Church provision of waste bins. Project H N/A Clermont Rd is an important movement corridor and neighbourhood connector within this precinct. This sub-project Upgrade public environment of will involve establishing side-walks on both sides of the road, landscaping the road with indigenous trees, the Clermont Rd application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins.

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Figure 10: Clermont Emngeni Precinct

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Figure 11: Clermont Road

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7.3 KwaDabeka Central Precinct Projects LAND USE GUIDELINES 7.3.1 KwaDabeka Central Precinct Guidelines Housing • Upgrade informal settlements on periphery of the precinct. • Promote the right-scaling and de-institutionalisation of KK Hostels, KwaDabeka Central is a fragmented spatial unit with a patchwork settlement and promote integration of the hostels into the precinct through pattern ranging from high density urban hostels, to informal settlements, in-situ spatial re-organisation of the hostels and surrounds, through upgrades and planned suburban housing layouts. The formal areas in KwaDabeka promotion of a greater mix of uses, through the promotion of are sparsely developed in comparison to that in Clermont. The single storey private rental opportunities on existing and new residential detached unit is more common than row houses / flats. The terrain is steeper properties, and through the priority upgrading of those informal than that in Clermont and provision of infrastructure is therefore more settlements which are functionally linked to the hostels. challenging. Lack of vegetation and facilities decreases the quality and experience • Promote higher densities along Spinal, Hilltown, and North Roads of the settlement. Provision of sidewalks and pedestrian facilities is poor. where they interface with the KK Hostels, particularly for the creation of additional rental residential and small-scale The KK hostels complex forms an urban landmark comprised of a series of six to commercial stock seven storey blocks situated on the highest point within KwaDabeka. The area Commercial • Promote commercial / residential mixed uses at node along edges forms a central point within KwaDabeka and number of facilities and uses are of Hilltown , Spinal and North Road where they interface with the clustered here. The open spaces and edges surrounding the hostels are in many hostels and other community and commercial uses. instances hostile and neglected. • Promote mixed use along entire length of Spinal Road. • Limit further commercial uses along collector routes to local Informal settlements are abundant in KwaDabeka Central, North and East. These neighbourhood uses and to local interceptory points are found on some of the steeper slopes in the area. They are much more densely Industrial • Provide for small scale industrial workshops in the Hostels developed than those in Clermont with much less attention / distinction between complex but in areas that are discrete and which will not result in public and private space. adverse impacts n residential and other community uses. • The key roles of the precinct are to: Community Consolidate community facilities around the KwaDabeka Node Facilities through upgrades of the public environment that links them. • Provide additional opportunities for economic activity in response to the • Consolidate the recreation and entertainment node around the establishment of MR 577 original Amphitheatre facility. • Provide a mix of residential densities and housing options Open Space • Protect, enhance and rehabilitate open space system assets along • Contribute to the integration of the communities in Clermont and the Aller and its tributaries which penetrate residential areas. • KwaDabeka. Upgrade and consolidate Amphitheatre Node as mixed use recreation and entertainment node The strategic purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are: Agriculture • Utilise existing community facility sites for community or 1. Establishment of a new well planned township node to serve all individual gardens until sites are need for community facility use. • Establish market gardens along edges of the open space system residents of the township with respect to commercial and between the residential neighbourhoods community facilities and in response to the establishment of MR 577. 2. Upgrade the public environment and basic services provision so as to integrate the area and improve quality of life.

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Figure 12: KwaDabeka Central Precinct Concept Plan

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7.3.2 KwaDabeka Central Precinct Projects Projects Sub-Projects Description Project A: Sub-Project 1: Upgrade Tourism Office The tourism office is an important public facility. This sub-project will landscaping the area, planting indigenous trees, Priority Action Area: KwaDabeka Precinct: Including facilities for informal trade ensuring that application of CPTED, providing appropriate space for informal traders and providing waste bins. Node at new taxi rank Sub-Project 2: Assess feasibility of reviving The Hindu Temple provides the opportunity for a tourism attraction and other activities. This sub-project will involve and restoring Hindu Temple investigating the feasibility of reviving the temple including identifying potential users, costing the restoration and identifying complementary activities in the surrounding area. Sub-Project 3: Upgrade the Public The public environment of several important locations requires upgrading. This sub-project will involve landscaping the Environment at key points public environment of these key locations, planting indigenous trees, application of CPTED, provision of waste bins and institution of traffic calming where required. Sub-Project 4: Upgrade Protec Centre There is an opportunity to upgrade the Protec Centre. This sub-project will involve breaking down the fence so that the buildings open up onto the street enhancing the exposure of small businesses. The project will also include landscaping with indigenous plants, application of CPTED and provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 5: Upgrade Public Environment of There is an opportunity to make the KwaDabeka Community hall a facility for the use of the broader area. This sub- Community Hall project will involve breaking down the fence to open up the hall to the street and creating a new public forecourt for the entrance. The project will also include landscaping with indigenous plants, application of CPTED and provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 6: Investigate potential of mixed Several sites in the node provide opportunities for mixed use developments. This sub-project will involve a feasibility use development study to determine if a development is feasible in the light of existing land ownership and use. Sub-Project 7: Widen pavements Pavements on this portion of the Rd are not sufficient for pedestrian safety. This sub-project will involve widening the pavements. Sub-Project 8: Expand retail facility There is an opportunity to expand this retail facility. This sub-project will include designing and implementing an appropriate expansion to the facility. Sub-Project 9: Initiate rezoning to promote To increase the economic activity in KwaDabeka Node mixed use and commercial activities should be promoted and economic activities supported. This sub-project will involve identifying appropriate new zoning for the land in the node and completing the rezoning process. Project B N/A The intention of this project is to de-institutionalise KK Hostel and integrated it with the surrounding area. A number of Upgrade KK Hostel activities are proposed to achieve this: 1. Rezone to General Residential or General Commercial 2. De-commission perimeter access control and instead install controls at building entrances. 3. If not already a priority, investigate the feasibility of unbundling the management of the hostels into smaller management units. 4. Create vehicular and pedestrian routes through KK Hostel 5. Create additional residential capacity, particularly aimed at increasing local and privately-owned rental stock in the neighbourhood through densification (with the recent RDP housing projects as a recommended starting point), infill and redevelopment 6. Landscape with indigenous plants and upgrade the taxi rank and integrate with KK Hostel. 7. Open up and upgrade the open space north of KK Hostel to act as a recreational and sporting amenity for the community 8. Upgrade existing social facility clusters and introduce additional compatible social uses

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Projects Sub-Projects Description 9. Give priority to the upgrading of those informal settlements which are functionally linked to the hostels., including those that are not immediately adjoining

Project C N/A There intention of this project is to re-vitalise the amphitheatre area and establish it as an important cultural node. The Redevelop Amphitheatre key elements of this project are: 1. Creating a new multi-purpose park around the amphitheatre which is landscaped with suitable indigenous plants. 2. Facilitate the creation of appropriate local forums to organise local cultural/entertainment activities at the site. Project D N/A There is an opportunity to increase pedestrian connectivity in the node. This project involves establishing pedestrian Establish Pedestrian pathways path ways along the identified routes. Project E N/A There is one informal settlement in KwaDabeka Central Precinct. Projects F to M involve addressing safety upgrades at Upgrade KwaDabeka A informal all the settlements that have not already been upgraded. These projects will involve the following interventions: settlement 1. Installation of Stand pipes for access to water 2. Construction of concrete 1.2 metre wide path way with fire hydrant at every 300 metres to decrease fire risk, improve fire fighting and allow for fire escape (This also serves as a pedestrian path) 3. Installation of prepaid electricity metres 4. Installation of municipally-owned and managed communal ablutions 5. Installation of street-lighting along main internal pedestrian routes and along the tarred roads adjoining the settlements 6. Introduction of skips or fenced concreted areas for the collection of trash in informal areas. 7. Relocation of informal housing (if any) that is within a flood risk area

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Figure 13: KwaDabeka Central Precinct

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Figure 14: KK Hostels Node

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7.4 KwaDabeka East Precinct Projects

7.4.1 KwaDabeka East Precinct Guidelines LAND USE GUIDELINES KwaDabeka East is an isolated spatial unit that is suburban nature. As discussed Housing • Promote full utilisation of residential density rights on with reference to KwaDabeka Central the terrain is steeper than that in Clermont underdeveloped properties along Spine Road, particularly for and provision of infrastructure is therefore more challenging. Lack of vegetation the creation of additional rental residential and small-scale and facilities decreases the quality and experience of the settlement. Provision of commercial stock • sidewalks and pedestrian facilities is poor. Retain lower to medium density Residential neighbourhoods along the loop spine but promote some higher densities along Informal settlements are abundant in KwaDabeka Central, North and East. These Spinal road. are found on some of the steeper slopes in the area. They are much more densely • developed than those in Clermont with much less attention / distinction between Commercial • Establish Commercial/Community/Residential Mixed Use Node public and private space. at intersection between Spinal Road and MR 577 and between existing and proposed cemetery sites as a gateway to the town The key roles of the precinct are to: ship from the north along MR 577 and as a gateway to the • Contribute to the establishment of opportunity areas for economic environmental zone along the Umgeni River.. • activity Promote commercial / residential mixed uses along edges of Precinct Spine Road. • Provide for a range of housing densities and urban and suburban living • Limit further commercial uses along Precinct Spine to local options. neighbourhood uses and to local interceptory points • Contribute to the establishment of the Metropolitan Open Space system Industrial • Consider limited low impact industrial uses that are linked to agricultural purposes or other land uses that are linked to sustainable use and or can add value to natural resources assets The strategic purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are: base. Community • 1. Establish a new economic and eco tourism hub for the township Consolidate community facility sites located along the precinct Facilities spine and within the residential areas. 2. Establish an integrated efficient and safe township spine road that links Open Space • Establish eco node at intersection of MR 577 and Spinal Road as Clermont and KwaDabeka gateway to open space system along the Umgeni River System Agriculture • Establish market gardens as part of the open space systems and on unused community facility sites.

• Promote market gardening on existing residential properties in low-density areas and on those adjoining the open space system.

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Figure 15: KwaDabeka East Precinct Concept Plan

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7.4.2 KwaDabeka East Precinct Projects Projects Sub-Projects Description Project A See KwaDabeka North for Detail See KwaDabeka North for Detail Priority Action Area: Eco-Tourism Node Project B: Sub-Project 1: Upgrade Public Environment of Spinal Rd is an important transport corridor from the KwaDabeka Node to KwaDabeka North and East. This sub-project Priority Action Area: Spinal Rd Spinal Rd will involve establishing side-walks on both sides of the road, landscaping the road with indigenous trees, the application of CPTED principles and the provision of waste bins. Sub-Project 2: Establish Safe Pedestrian Safe pedestrian crossings are required along Spinal Rd. This sub-project will involve the establishment of safe Crossings at indicated sites pedestrian crossings at all the indicated locations. Raised island pedestrian crossings are recommended for the two northern most pedestrian crossings. Project C N/A The intention of this project is to consolidate the use of this low density suburb. This project will involve promoting the Consolidate low density suburb densification of appropriate areas in the suburb for the creation of additional rental residential stock , identifying appropriate locations to promote urban agriculture and implementing appropriate zoning for the area.

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Figure 16: KwaDabeka Eat Precinct

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Figure 17: Eco-Tourism Node

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Figure 18: Spinal Road

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7.5 KwaDabeka North Precinct Projects LAND USE GUIDELINES 7.5.1 Kwa Dabeka North Guidelines Housing • Promote full utilisation of residential density rights on underdeveloped properties, particularly for the creation of KwaDabeka North is a suburban settlement separated from the remainder of the additional rental residential and small-scale commercial stock study area by the predominant MR577 that acts as a barrier. Settlement in the • Consolidate and protect residential characters of existing area is fragmented by numerous small river valley systems. As discussed with neighbourhoods and introduce some mixed use higher density reference to KwaDabeka Central the terrain is steeper than that in Clermont and housing along the precinct spine road. provision of infrastructure is therefore more challenging. Lack of vegetation and • Promote market gardening on existing residential properties in facilities decreases the quality and experience of the settlement. Provision of low-density areas and on those adjoining the open space sidewalks and pedestrian facilities is poor. system. Commercial • Establish Commercial/Community/Residential Mixed Use Node Informal settlements are abundant in KwaDabeka Central, North and East. These at intersection between Spinal Road and MR 577. are found on some of the steeper slopes in the area. They are much more densely • Promote commercial / residential mixed uses along the developed than those in Clermont with much less attention / distinction between KwaDabeka North Spine Road. public and private space. • Limit commercial uses along the residential Spine Road to local neighbourhood uses and to local interceptory points Industrial Not Applicable The key roles of the precinct are to: Community • Retain community facility sites currently not used or Facilities underutilised for community gardens. • Contribute to the establishment of opportunity areas for economic • Upgrade landscaping of the cemetery. activity • Consolidate existing community facilities. • Provide for a range of housing densities and urban and suburban living Open Space • Establish eco node at intersection of MR 577 and Spinal Road as options. gateway to open space system along the Umgeni River System. • Contribute to the establishment of the Metropolitan Open Space system • Establish portions of the Umgeni River open space system along the southern bank of the Umgeni River. Agriculture • Permit limited community gardens along the edges of the open The strategic purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are: space system and in the interim on unused community facility sites. 1. Contribute to the establishment a new economic and eco tourism gateway hub for the township. 2. Establish and or consolidate a range of discrete but integrated residential neighbourhoods that offer a different lifestyle to that found in the more central areas of the township.

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Figure 19: KwaDabeka North Precinct Concept Plan

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7.5.2 Kwa Dabeka North Projects Projects Sub-Projects Description Project A: Sub-Project 1: Upgrade Intersection Once the MR577 is established this will be a significant intersection in the area. This sub-project will involve upgrading Priority Action Area: Eco-Tourism the intersection with safe pedestrian crossings. Node Sub-Project 2: Establish pedestrian crossing There is a need for safe pedestrian crossings over the MR577 once it is established. This sub-project will involve over MR577 establishing a pedestrian crossing. Sub-Project 3: Establish new mixed use There is an opportunity for a new mixed use development in the light of the establishment of the MR577. This sub- development project will involve a feasibility study to determine if a development is feasible in the light of existing land ownership and use and the establishment of an appropriate mixed use development. Sub-Project 4: Assess feasibility of eco-tourism There is an opportunity to establish an eco-tourism and environmental education centre in this node because of the / environmental education centre environmental assets in this area. This sub-project will investigating the feasibility of creating the centre by developing a business plan for the centre taking into account capital costs, income potential, maintenance costs and likely use of the centre. Sub-Project 5: Assess feasibility of establishing There is an opportunity to establish a commercial fish farm in this node at the former waste water treatment works. In a commercial fish farm the initial stages, local residents will be supplied fingerlings and food, and taught to grow-out the fish. Residents may then either consume the full-grown fish or sell them. This sub-project will also be investigating the feasibility of creating a commercial fish farm at the WWTW by developing a business plan for the farm taking into account appropriateness of the site for fish farming, level of technical skill required capital costs, income potential, maintenance costs and likely owners and managers of the fish farm. Sub-Project 6: Upgrade public environment of This sub-project will involve landscaping the entrance to the cemetery, application of CPTED and provision of waste cemetery bins. Sub-Project 7: Release land for mixed-use Once the MR577 is established there will be increased demand for housing and commercial opportunities in this node. development This project will involve the release of land in the node for appropriate mixed use developments. Sub-Project 8: Assess feasibility of medicinal There is an opportunity to propagate medicinal plants in this area. This sub-project will investigate the feasibility of this plants propagation through developing a business plan to understand potential costs and income and the identification of key stakeholders. . Sub-Project 9: Establish a market garden There is an opportunity to establish a market garden on the property of the decommissioned Waste Water Treatment Works (WWTW). This site is currently being contoured and an irrigation system installed. The intention is to assign residents a portion of the site for planting their vegetables or crops. It is highly likely that residents will initially only in engage in subsistence agriculture, but with support and training, residents can potentially earn an income from selling their produce. Project B N/A The floodplains of Umgeni River are a significant environmental asset. This project will involve: Environnemental Zone Protection 1. Putting in place protection measures to prevent physical development of the area. 2. Improving the functionality of the natural ecosystems through implementation of alien eradication programme and grassland burning regime. 3. Identifying and releasing appropriate portions of the floodplain for urban agriculture. . In addition areas appropriate for urban agriculture initiatives will be identified and released for use. Project C N/A The intention of this project is to consolidate the use of this low density suburb. This project will involve promoting the Consolidate low density suburb densification of appropriate areas in the suburb for the creation of additional rental residential stock , identifying appropriate locations to promote urban agriculture and implementing appropriate zoning for the area.

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Projects Sub-Projects Description Project D N/A There will be an opportunity to increase pedestrian connectivity in the node. This project involves establishing Enhance safe pedestrian connectivity pedestrian path ways along the identified routes. Project E N/A Upgrade public environment in and surrounding the existing neighbourhood node. Consolidate neighbourhood node Project F N/A This central spine road in KwaDabeka North is an important transport route. This project will involve upgrading the Upgrade road to accommodate safe road and sidewalks of this road to facilitate safe pedestrian movement. pedestrian movement Project G N/A There is one informal settlement in KwaDabeka East Precinct. Projects F to M involve addressing safety upgrades at all Upgrade Alexander informal the settlements that have not already been upgraded. These projects will involve the following interventions: settlement 1. Installation of Stand pipes for access to water 2. Construction of concrete 1.2 metre wide path way with fire hydrant at every 300 metres to decrease fire risk, improve fire fighting and allow for fire escape (This also serves as a pedestrian path) 3. Installation of prepaid electricity metres 4. Installation of municipally-owned and managed communal ablutions 5. Installation of street-lighting along main internal pedestrian routes and along the tarred roads adjoining the settlements 6. Introduction of skips or fenced concreted areas for the collection of trash in informal areas. 7. Relocation of informal housing (if any) that is within a flood risk area

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Figure 20: Precinct KwaDabeka

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7.6 Portion Berkshire Downs Precinct Projects

7.6.1 Berkshire Downs Precinct Guidelines

Portion of Berkshire Downs has suburban settlement pattern and is disconnected from Berkshire Downs proper. The area includes infill housing projects.

The key roles of the precinct are to:

• Provide mixed density housing options

The purpose of the interventions proposed for the Precinct are:

1. Integrate the areas with the township and its surrounds

2. Upgrade the living environment of the existing neighbourhoods

LAND USE GUIDELINES Housing • Promote full utilisation of residential density rights on underdeveloped properties along Spine Road, particularly for the creation of additional rental residential and small-scale commercial stock Commercial • Permit local level facilities in line with the need of the area to

establish at interceptory points on the main spine of the area Cumnor Road Industrial • Not applicable

Community Facilities • Consolidate existing facilities in line with the needs of the existing community Open Space • Integrate small linear open spaces into the MOSS system.

Agriculture • Permit limited community gardens along the edges of the open space system and unused road reserve areas adjacent to the MR 577.sites.

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Figure 21: Portion Berkshire Downs Precinct Concept Plan

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7.6.2 Berkshire Downs Precinct Projects (see projects in Clermont Central

Figure 22: Precinct - Portion Berkshire Downs

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7.7 Regional and Township Wide Interventions Project Area Project Name Description Regional Transport Intervention Construct New MR577 This intervention involves the construction of a major regional road the MR577. The intervention includes off- ramps into the area, pedestrian walk-ways and taxi stops. It is in the process of implementation by the Provincial Department of Transport. This is a key intervention that will provide improved connectivity with the city centre as well as areas immediately adjacent to the study area. As a result this intervention will substantially enhance the regional integration of the area. Connection between the new MR577 and the The establishment of the MR577 is likely to result in traffic problems (congestion and safety) on the route between N3 Shepstone Rd and the N3. This problem has been identified by KwaZulu-Natal Department of Transport and the eThekwini Transport Authority. The upgrading of this section of the regional route should be linked to the timing of the completion of the MR577 to Wyebank Rd. Basic Needs Interventions Protect DMOSS and associated drainage lines DMOSS and the associated drainage lines should be protected from development to reduce flooding risk and storm from Development water damage of life and property, and to protect the remaining biodiversity. This involves the enforcement of national, provincial and local legislation and by-laws. Sustainable Waste Removal Services Refuse removal services in the Township have all but collapsed and need to be significantly improved to avoid major health and social problems and to contribute to improving the character and quality of the physical living environment in the Township. This challenge provides an opportunity to create a range of economic and job creation opportunities for SMMEs in the waste sector. The project will involve a feasibility study to determine which services and functions can be provided by local SMMEs and residents. The feasibility study should included detailed discussion with Durban Solid Waste and should explore sustainable solutions and should include services related to collection, recycling, removal from site, etc. and should include education and training programmes for the community relating to day to day and longer term local environmental management for residents and businesses. Improved maintenance and enforcement Response time for the repair of water leaks requires improvement and monitoring and prevention of illegal regarding water and sanitation sewerage connection into the storm water systems is required. Provide Emergency Services for all informal A minimum level of emergency services should be provided to all informal settlements as follows settlements Spatial Structure Interventions Create space for informal trade at all major Spaces that facilitate and enhance informal trade activities and public transport nodes should be created and public transport nodes maintained.

Increase supply of local parks and play spaces There is a severe shortage of local level parks and play spaces and as a result much play takes place on streets. Play spaces should be identified, developed and maintained on a regular basis for all precincts. Development and Growth Small Business Training Training for small business establishment and development should be made available. Interventions Create links with New Germany Industrial An institutional link should be created between the New Germany Industrial Park and local stakeholders because of Park and Pinetown Commercial Centre the economic importance of New Germany to the area. This could be initiated through a specific pilot project and then developed further. Environmental Management Training A basic environmental management course should be developed in the study area so as to increase levels of environmental awareness. This involves the repackage existing booklet on D'MOSS to make it relevant to Clermont- KwaDabeka. Once the booklet is available a series of workshop can be held with key stakeholders such as councillors and municipal officials. Follow-up workshops should be done annually.

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Project Area Project Name Description Match local training to required skills There are local training opportunities in the area; however these opportunities are not well matched with the skills that are required to take up jobs in the nearby commercial and industrial areas. A skills audit should be undertaken and appropriate changes should be made to the training offerings of the local FET College. Relationships between the proposed ESC and the FET need to be built. Local employers in Pinetown and New Germany need a voice on the FET governance structure. Sports Administration Training Training in sports administration should be made available to serve the new Stadium Sports Node. Community Representation Training Local stakeholders need to be empowered to engage with development and to be able to negotiate around development issues. Clermont-KwaDabeka Environmental Establish Clermont-KwaDabeka Environmental Management Team to clear drainage lines of solid waste, control Management Team alien invasive plants, and clean stormwater drains. The programme should focus on labour intensive activities and capacity building of team. This project would build on and broaden the initial work that has been down by the Durban Green Corridor project o rehabilitate parts of the Aller River and its drainage lines. Tourist Trails Feasibility Study A study should be undertaken to determine the feasibility of establishing small locally based tourism businesses to operate one or more tourism trails within the area. Aspects that could be included in the trails are entertainment (e.g. visits to local taverns, entertainment nodes and restaurants), heritage and culture (e.g. visits to the Hindu temple, St John Church and Shembe site), environment (e.g. visits to the natural areas and introductions to medicinal plants) and sports (e.g. World Cup training stadium). Land Use Management Town Planning Scheme Review The current land use controls ( Government Notice R 1888 10 August 1990) for the area need to be reviewed and Interventions reconstituted according to the Planning and Development Act of Kwa Zulu Natal and converted into a planning scheme for the area. This process is to include a Traffic Impact Assessment that will evaluate the implications of the new and or reveised town planning scheme for the area.

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8 Strategy and Implementation Programme The following implementation framework is proposed.

8.1 Institutional Framework There is no dedicated or focused management body or capacity to coordinate municipal interventions within the study area. This also means that there is no locally accessible communication point between the municipality and local stakeholders. It is therefore proposed that a form of dedicated interim management capacity be established for Clermont KwaDabeka in to kick start the programmes and projects and lead a change in the township. A range of cost effective and efficient options should be investigated in order to select the most appropriate intervention. The chosen structure should be able to: 1. Promote coordination between local line departments as well as other spheres of government. 2. Monitor implementation of basic services and infrastructure interventions. 3. Foster community participation in governance and ensure community Figure 23: Priority Intervention Framework

input into the delivery of services and infrastructure interventions. Priority One is the basic needs (or vital functions) that are required for Existing stakeholder groups appear to be under resources and inadequately communities to operate and carry out day to day activities. Meeting Basic Needs trained and poorly co-ordinated. These forums should be promoted and co- requirements is municipality driven and includes examples such as waste ordinated in order to participate in activities such as increased opportunities to removal, access to water, fire prevention and management, sanitation and safe participate in municipal decision making, regular large scale stakeholder meetings forms of access and transport. Basic Functions involve capital development and where groups can meet and interact, township wide and precinct level events long term operation and maintenance. that promote involvement of organised stakeholder groups. Priority Two is the legal framework (or rules of game) that set out how people 8.2 Indentifying Priorities may go about their activities and how they use and look after public infrastructure and facilities. This refers to aspects such as laws, regulations, The various interventions described in the previous section are wide ranging and zoning, and by-laws and the policing thereof. The legal framework involves not require considerable resources and application of effort. In order to identify the only the establishment of the framework but also its enforcement and support priorities for these interventions the follow framework has been developed from local people. (Figure 23). Priority Three is the reorganisation of accessibility and space. This is about ensuring that space is planned in an effective and efficient manner so that it is accessible and that it makes the accessing of resources and opportunity by people

Clermont/KwaDabeka Urban Regeneration Plan 29 October 2010 55 easy and convenient. It is a municipality driven activity and depends on capital • Projects that can be driven and delivered by the Municipality, projects investment and on the maintenance of the investment. • Projects that involve significant inputs from other spheres of government Priority Four is Development (or Growth). For this to take place basic functions and that will need to be facilitated by the Municipality • must operate, the legal framework must be in place to provide security and the Projects that involve the involvement of the private sector and / or appropriate spatial structure that enables growth must exist. community and that will need to be promoted and supported by the Municipality. The Interventions table on the following page (Table 2) provides a summary of The projects identified in the following sections have been categorised in terms of the interventions and indicates their location within the study area as well as their applicability to either the whole study area or specifically to the identified their priority in terms of the strategy discussed above. “priority action areas” that have been identified within the study area 8.3 Maintenance of Infrastructure The projects with broader study area applicability are particularly important for overall change since they relate to fundamental contextual issues that are The final element of the implementation framework is that the cost of ongoing constraining change and development or that are undermining confidence in the maintenance of any infrastructure interventions needs to be included in the area as a whole. detailed interventions and no project should be initiated without a maintenance Finally, the institutional context and low level of confidence in the area requires plan and a commitment to long term funding of the maintenance. that the Municipality takes a firm and clear stand on leading and initiating change in those areas of development or management that are resulting in adverse 8.4 Municipality Role impacts in the area and on the erosion of confidence of investors and the resident community. Other stakeholders will need to be involved, encouraged and Due to the size, nature and complexity of the study area and also the multiple supported, but the Municipality will need to intervene initially to show and complex land ownership patterns it is not possible to implement a series of commitment to the renewal and regeneration of the township. discrete phases of development. It will be more effective to identify and implement a number of catalytic projects of various sizes and types distributed Table 2 below summarises and categorises the list of projects as described above across and throughout the area which are not interdependent on each other for whilst the tables in Chapter 6 of this report contains the full description and their individual success. They will however, each be able to catalyse and motivation for each proposed project or intervention. distribute development and or management action and delivery and kick start and or contribute to the recovery of confidence in the area. These projects will contribute to, and indeed enhance, existing development processes or initiatives being undertaken by stakeholders in the area. Catalytic projects may be described as projects that will be able to initiate change and confidence as well as initiate the creation and identification of additional projects, without necessarily destroying the existing development energies or positive urban qualities prevalent in the area. These catalytic projects will vary with respect to the manner in which they will be implemented and include the following types of interventions:

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Table 2: Interventions Table

Sub- Project No Project Delivery Facilitate Promote/Support Number Clermont Central Precinct A: Priority Action 1 Upgrade public environment of gateway to Zazi Street Area: Zazi Street 2 Establish Pedestrian Linkage from Zazi Street to Krause Rd Node 3 Upgrade public environment of intersection 4 Upgrade public environment of informal market and pedestrian way 5 Establish pedestrian link between new sites and proposed social facilities 6 Establish pedestrian link between Zazi Street and 11th Street 7 Create Entrance on 12th Street 8 Implement Traffic Calming and Safe Pedestrian Crossing 9 Initiate Rezoning of Zazi Street Corridor to General Residential or General Commercial 10 Investigate feasibility of consolidation of lots 11 Investigate potential for in-fill development 12 Complete Taxi Rank Project B: Priority Action 1 Upgrade Public Environment of North Rd Area: North Rd 2 Establish Safe Pedestrian Crossings at key locations 3 Upgrade Public Environment of public facility 4 Initiate Rezoning to General Residential or General Commercial throughout North Rd C n/a Promote and facilitate full development of properties for high density rental and small-scale commercial accommodation D n/a Densify and Intensify Sugar Ray Xulu Stadium Node

E n/a Establish Pedestrian routes across M5 F n/a Upgrade Emapeleni informal settlement G n/a Upgrade Chris Hani informal settlement H n/a Upgrade 33 rd Avenue informal settlement I n/a Upgrade 40 th Avenue informal settlement J n/a Upgrade Vezunyawo informal settlement

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Sub- Project No Project Delivery Facilitate Promote/Support Number K n/a Upgrade Gamora informal settlement L n/a Upgrade P Tshabalala Avenue informal settlement M n/a Upgrade Dukezwe informal settlement N n/a Widen entry to P Tshabala Rd O n/a Upgrade P Tshabala Rd P n/a Christianenburg Stadium Clermont Emngeni Precinct A: Priority Action 1 Upgrade Public Environment of Clermont Rd Area: Clermont Rd 2 Upgrade Public Environment at Health Care Facility 3 Establish safe pedestrian crossings B n/a Enhance Pedestrian Connectivity to KK Hostels C n/a Upgrade 40 th Avenue informal settlement D n/a Upgrade Soweto informal settlement E n/a Establish safe pedestrian crossing points F n/a Upgrade side walk at intersection G n/a Upgrade public environment around St John’s Church H n/a Upgrade public environment of Clermont Rd KwaDabeka Central Precinct A:Priority Action 1 Upgrade Tourism Office Precinct: Including facilities for Area: KwaDabeka informal trade at new taxi rank Node 2 Assess feasibility of reviving and restoring Hindu Temple 3 Upgrade the Public Environment at key points 4 Upgrade Protec Centre 5 Upgrade Public Environment of Community Hall 6 Investigate potential of mixed use development 7 Widen pavements 8 Expand retail facility 9 Initiate rezoning to promote economic activities B n/a Upgrade KK Hostel C n/a Redevelop Amphitheatre D n/a Establish Pedestrian pathways E n/a Upgrade KwaDabeka A informal settlement

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Sub- Project No Project Delivery Facilitate Promote/Support Number

KwaDabeka East Precinct A Priority Action See KwaDabeka North for Detail Area: Eco-Tourism Node B:Priority Action 1 Upgrade Public Environment of Spinal Rd Area: Spinal Rd 2 Establish Safe Pedestrian Crossings at indicated sites C n/a Consolidate low density suburb KwaDabeka North A:Priority Action 1 Upgrade Intersection Area: Eco-Tourism 2 Establish pedestrian crossing over MR577 Node 3 Establish new mixed use development 4 Assess feasibility of eco-tourism / environmental education centre 5 Assess feasibility of establishing a commercial fish farm 6 Upgrade public environment of cemetery 7 Release land for mixed-use development 8 Assess feasibility of medicinal plants propagation 9 Establish a market garden B n/a Environnemental Zone Protection C n/a Consolidate low density suburb D n/a Enhance safe pedestrian connectivity E n/a Consolidate neighbourhood node F n/a Upgrade road to accommodate safe pedestrian movement G n/a Upgrade Alexander informal settlement Township Wide A n/a Construct New MR577 B n/a Connection between the new MR577 and the N3 C n/a Protect DMOSS and associated drainage lines from Development D n/a Increase refuse removal and street sweeping services

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Sub- Project No Project Delivery Facilitate Promote/Support Number E n/a Improved maintenance and enforcement regarding water and sanitation F n/a Provide Emergency Services for all informal settlements G n/a Encourage built form that contributes to street and neighbourhood identity and territoriality H n/a Pedestrian walkways across the MR577 I n/a Small Business Training J n/a Create links with New Germany Industrial Park and Pinetown Commercial Centre K n/a Environmental Management Training L n/a Match local training to required skills M n/a Sports Administration Training N n/a Community Representation Training O n/a Clermont-KwaDabeka Environmental Management Team

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9 Cost Estimates Table 4: Clermont KwaDabeka Regeneration Cost Estimates By Spend Category Planning & The following section outlines the cost estimates for all of the projects that have Precinct Infrastructure Training Maintenance been identified in previous sections. The estimates have been arranged into a Feasibility format which indicates the level of expenditure that should be prioritised for the Clermont Central R 313,650,000 R 1,350,000 R 0 R 0 next three years and then provides an estimate of the additional funding that will Precinct (See Section 6.1) be required thereafter. The summary table also indentifies the portion of funding Clermont Emngeni R 42,910,000 R 0 R 0 R 0 that will be required for the Priority Action Areas within the next three years. Precinct (See Section 6.2) Funding for Housing, Informal Settlement Upgrades and Emergency Services has KwaDabeka Central R 826,510,000 R 750,000 R 0 R 0 been included in the 2014+ category since this will come from an already Precinct (See Established funding programme and includes projects that are likely to take in Section 6.3) excess of 5years to complete. KwaDabeka East R 10,000,000 R 500,000 R 0 R 0 Precinct (See Sectipon 6.4) KwaDabeka North R 24,500,000 R 13,600,000 R 0 R 0 Precinct (See Section 6.5)

Township Wide R 0 R 8,000,000 R 8,000,000 R 10,000,000 (See Section 6.6) Table 3: Clermont KwaDabeka Cost Estimates Summary by Time Period Total R 1,217,570,000 R 24,200,000 R 8,000,000 R 10,000,000

Priority Precinct 2011-2013 2014+ Total Action Areas

Clermont Central R 13,650,000 R 281,500,000 R 295,150,000 R 9,900,000 Precinct (See Section 6.1) Clermont Emngeni R 13,000,000 R 30,410,000 R 43,410,000 R 12,000,000 Precinct (See Section 6.2) KwaDabeka Central R 10,550,000 R 816,710,000 R 827,260,000 R 7,300,000 Precinct (See Section 6.3) KwaDabeka East Precinct R 10,500,000 R 0 R 10,500,000 R 10,000,000 (See Section 6.4) KwaDabeka North R 17,250,000 R 20,850,000 R 38,100,000 R 5,750,000 Precinct (See Section 6.5) Township Wide (See R 15,500,000 R 10,000,000 R 25,500,000 R 12,000,000 Section 6.6) Total R 80,450,000 R 1,159,470,000 R 1,239,920,000 R 56,950,000

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Table 5: Clermont KwaDabeka Cost Estimates Summary by Funding Source

Precinct NPDG Municipal Other Total NPDG % Municipal % Other % Clermont Central R 16,600,000 R 5,050,000 R 273,500,000 R 295,150,000 6% 2% 93% Precinct (See Section 6.1) Clermont Emngeni R 16,500,000 R 0 R 26,910,000 R 43,410,000 38% 0% 62% Precinct (See Section 6.2) KwaDabeka Central R 10,300,000 R 250,000 R 816,710,000 R 827,260,000 1% 0% 99% Precinct (See Section 6.3) KwaDabeka East Precinct R 10,500,000 R 0 R 0 R 10,500,000 100% 0% 0% (See Section 6.4) KwaDabeka North R 18,250,000 R 7,000,000 R 12,850,000 R 38,100,000 48% 18% 34% Precinct (See Section 6.5) Township Wide (See R 20,500,000 R 5,000,000 R 0 R 25,500,000 80% 20% 0% Section 6.6) Total R 92,650,000 R 17,300,000 R 1,129,970,000 R 1,239,920,000 7% 1% 91%

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Table 6: Clermont Central Precinct (See Section 6.1)

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Table 7: Clermont Emngeni Precinct (See Section 6.2)

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Table 8: KwaDabeka Central Precinct (See Section 6.3)

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Table 9: KwaDabeka East Precinct (See Section 6.4)

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Table 10: KwaDabeka North Precinct (See Section 6.5)

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Table 11: Township Wide (See Section 6.6)

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10 Risk Assessment and Management The regeneration of Clermont KwaDabeka will not occur over a short period of time and will require ongoing and determined effort by a range of stakeholders, including the municipality, community and business in order to transform. The benefits of implementing all or even some of the projects and actions in this document have been documented in earlier sections but some of the key risk areas to the success of the regeneration process are as follows: • Lack of participation, coordination, integration and direction of the efforts of all stakeholders and in particular those stakeholders who are able to influence change. • Centralised decision making that prioritises the projects of this initiative together with other metropolitan priorities and which results in protracted decision making processes and delays in investment. • Reliance on projects that are outside the direct influence of the municipality (e.g. MR 577) and the impact that this may have on certain projects and on the integration of Clermont KwaDabeka with the metropolitan region.

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Annexure 1

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CLERMONT / KWADABEKA TABLE B : PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT CONTROLS

Additional Front Side Rear Controls Zone Statement of Intent F.A.R Cov. Height Erf size Frontage Building Building Building Line Line Line

Within this zone the primary land use shall be NA 60% 2 200m² 12m but may 2m 2m one 2m residential and may reflect a variety of housing types. have a side 1. Subject to the provision of an The zones may accommodate a number of ancillary 0.6 55% 2 300m² minimum of 2m 2m effluent disposal and and non-disruptive services which would not impact 7m in stormwater systems to the on amenity of the area and which would cater for the 0.6 50% 2 400m² attached 3m 2m satisfaction of the municipality. every day needs of the local residents. buildings 0.4 40% 2 650m² 3m 2m 2m

Residential 2. Three storeys may be permitted by special consent Only 0.3 30% 2 ›900m² 15m but may 7,5m 2m 2m have a minimum of 7m in attached buildings

0.6 55% 3 400m² 12m but may 3m 2m 2m This zone is intended to provide a buffer between the have a Medium Residential Only Zone and high impact transport minimum of routes. It enables primarily residential properties 7m in Impact fronting onto main roads, to be used for a wider attached range of office, commercial and service industrial buildings Residential type land uses which tend to develop along busy routes between formal development nodes.

This zone Is intended to provide for the development 0.7 70% 3 450m² 15m 5m 0m 2m of a number of formal and informal business General opportunities and allows for the development of a range of complementary land uses of a commercial, Mixed-Use office, service, industrial, administrative, informal trade and residential nature.

This zone provides for the full range of infant, pre- 0.5 50% 3 NA 15m 5m 2m 2m Education primary, primary, secondary and tertiary facilities and interests.

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Annexure 2 Transportation Study

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