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Nansook, Ahsha Thesis 2008.Pdf DECLARATION Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Town and Regional Planning, in the Graduate Programme in the School of Architecture, Planning and Housing, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. I declare that this dissertation is my own unaided work. All citations, references and borrowed ideas have been duly acknowledged. It is being submitted for the degree of Masters of Town and Regional Planning in the Faculty of Humanities, Development and Social Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. None of the present work has been submitted previously for any degree or examination in any other University. AHSHA NANSOOK Student Name 10 MARCH 2009 Date i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank Lord Krishna for giving me the strength and determination to complete the dissertation. I humbly bow down to your lotus feet. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to a number of people who have supported me throughout this process. Thank you to my Supervisor, Professor Peter Robinson for your guidance and direction. Thank you professor for your knowledge, expertise and kindness. I am forever indebted to you. To my dear husband, Ashok, thank you for your patience and support. I could not have done this without your strong belief in my ability. Thank you so much for your encouragement and for being a wonderful husband. To my precious son, Nikhil, I am sorry to have spent so much of time on the computer and so little time with you in the last few months. Thank you for constantly making sure that I was facing my responsibility as a mum. To my gorgeous daughter, Sapna, thank you for your cheerfulness that always keeps me going. Thank you for your constant concern for my well-being and I promise to spend more time with you and your brother. To my sister, Shakila, thank you for your assistance and support with the children during this trying year. To my late mother, thank you for the good values that you have instilled in me which has helped me reach for a dream. I truly miss you! Thank you to the Environmental Management Department of the eThekwini Municipality for the use of research material. I have gained much knowledge from having worked with all of you on the Giba Gorge Project. To Mr John Forbes, your wealth of knowledge and your willingness to guide and advise me on issues in the Outer West is appreciated. Thanks to the residents of Winston Park and the eThekwini Municipal officials who have participated in the research. To Jeannette Moller and Anneline Chetty, thank you for reading the document. ii ABSTRACT In an effort to protect key environmental assets in the Outer West Region of the eThekwini Municipal area, the Environmental Management Department has embarked on a process to better align environmental concerns into the Consolidated Outer West Town Planning Scheme. The intention is to create sustainable living environments by recognising the importance and value of the environment and its open spaces. Ultimately the research is attempting to understand the difficulties in implementing sustainable development. Sustainable development has been acknowledged at a policy level in the eThekwini Municipality’s Integrated Development Plan; however the translation of sustainable development into implementation is more difficult. Part of the complexity relates to different sectors within the Municipality such as the Environmental Sector and the Economic Sector viewing sustainable development differently. The research focuses on the rapid densification in the Outer West adjacent to environmental resources by private land owners which highlights the lack of understanding by the public on the importance of the environment. Further, the conflicts between the need for economic development and environmental conservation in the context of the Giba Gorge area, show that historical zoning ‘rights’ operate against the protection of bio-diversity. This reinforces the need for better alignment between the environmental protection and land use management. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLGY .................................................. 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 STUDY AREA ........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH PROBLEM ............................................ 3 1.4 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND QUESTION ................................................. 4 1.5 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................ 5 1.5.1 SECONDARY DATA ......................................................................................... 5 1.5.2 PRIMARY DATA ............................................................................................... 6 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT ........................................................................... 9 CHAPTER 2: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................ 11 2.1 KEY CONCEPTS.................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT .................................................................. 11 2.1.3 DENSIFICATION ............................................................................................. 13 2.1.4. BIODIVERSITY................................................................................................ 13 2.2 THE ROLE OF LAND USE PLANNING IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT. ............................................................................................................... 14 2.3 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: POLICY VERSUS PRACTICE ................ 15 2.4 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT APPROACHES .......................................... 19 2.4.1 ECOLOGICAL OR RESOURCE ECONOMICS ............................................. 19 2.4.2 THE GOODS AND SERVICES APPROACH ................................................. 21 2.5 ENVIRONMENTAL URBAN MANAGEMENT ................................................ 22 2.6 SUMMARY........................................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER 3: POLICY CONTEXT .................................................................................... 25 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ................................................................. 25 3.2 CATCHMENT BASED PLANNING ................................................................... 26 3.2.1 THE CATCHMENT CONCEPT ............................................................................ 26 3.2.2 STRATEGIC CATCHMENT ASSESSMENT ................................................. 27 3.2.3 UMHLATUZANA CATCHMENT................................................................... 28 3.3 CLIMATE CHANGE ............................................................................................ 29 3.4 DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION ACT ............................................................ 30 3.5 INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT PLANNING .................................................. 33 3.5.1 INTEGRATED SPATIAL PLANNING SYSTEM........................................... 34 3.5.2 DENSIFICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE IDP ..................................... 36 3.6 ECONOMIC POLICIES AND LEGISLATION .................................................. 36 3.7 ASSESSMENT OF POLICIES ............................................................................. 37 CHAPTER 4: OBSTACLES TO ACHIEVEMENT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPEMENT IN THE OUTER WEST ..................................................................... 40 4.1 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................... 40 4.2 HOUSING AND DENSIFICATION CHALLENGES ......................................... 40 4.3 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES ................................................ 41 4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES ................................................................. 42 4.5 LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES ..... 43 4.5.1 TOWN PLANNING SCHEMES ....................................................................... 44 4.5.2 INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS INTO THE TOWN PLANNING SCHEME .................................................................................................... 45 4.6 SUMMARY........................................................................................................... 46 iv CHAPTER 5: GIBA GORGE CASE STUDY, NATURE AND VALUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS ............................................................................................. 47 5.1 GIBA GORGE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSETS.................................................... 47 5.3 TYPE AND SCALE OF RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT .............................. 51 5.4 GIBA GORGE AND OTHER ENVIRONMENT ASSETS ................................. 54 5.4.3 MPHITI NATURE RESERVE .......................................................................... 60 5.2.4 STOCKVILLE VALLEY .................................................................................. 60 5.5 DENSIFICATION RELATED PROBLEMS ....................................................... 62 5.6 SUMMARY........................................................................................................... 62 6.1 SURVEY OF RESIDENTS IN GIBA GORGE .................................................... 63 6.2 SAMPLE SURVEY RESULTS ...........................................................................
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