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Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE OF CONGRESS

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2018

Annual Report of the

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2018

Library of Congress | Washington, D.C. | 2019

1 On the cover: Dusk falls on the Library’s Madison Building on Capitol Hill. Shawn Miller

Inside front cover: Visitors walk through the Great Hall of the Jefferson Building to explore the Library’s “Baseball Americana” exhibition. Shawn Miller

Library of Congress 101 Independence Avenue, S.E. Washington, D.C. 20540

For the Library of Congress online, visit loc.gov.

The annual report is published through the Office of Communications, Office of the Librarian, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-1610, telephone (202) 707-2905.

Executive Editor: Gayle Osterberg Editor: Mark Hartsell Managing Editor: John Sayers Photo Editor: Shawn Miller Art Director: Ashley Jones Design and composition: Courtney Garvin

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number ISSN 0083-1565 Key title: Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP Washington, D.C. 20402-9328 ISBN 978-0-8444-9578-1 5 Letter from the Librarian 47 Organizational Reports Contents of Congress 48 Organizational Chart 6 Library of Congress Officers 49 Law Library 8 Library of Congress 50 Library Services Committees 52 Congressional Research 10 Mission Statement Service 11 Facts at a Glance 54 Office of the Librarian 58 National and International 12 Serving the Congress Outreach 13 Legislative Support 60 U.S. Copyright Office 13 Copyright Law and Policy 62 Office of the Inspector General 14 Congressional Preservation 63 Copyright Royalty Board Efforts 16 Other Services to Congress 64 Appendices 17 Supporting the Library 65 A. Advisory Bodies 70 B. Selected Acquisitions 18 Collecting, Preserving and 72 C. Exhibitions Providing Access to Knowledge 74 D. Publications 19 Collecting 76 E. Statistical Tables 20 Preserving 76 1. Appropriations for 2018 23 Providing Access to Knowledge 76 2. Appropriations for 2019 77 3. Financial Statistics 28 Promoting Creativity 81 4. Collection Additions— and Learning Items 29 Promoting Creativity 83 5. Collection Additions— 33 Promoting Scholarship Titles 38 Promoting Lifelong Learning 83 6. Unprocessed Arrearages 84 7. Cataloging Workload 40 Celebrating Achievement 84 8. MARC Records 41 Library of Congress Prizes 85 9. Preservation Treatment and Awards Statistics 46 Library Staff Recognition 86 10. Copyright Registrations 87 11. U.S. Copyright Office Business Summary 88 12. Services to Individuals Who are Blind or Physically Handicapped 89 13. Reference Services 90 14. Circulation 91 15. Cataloging Distribution Service: Financial Statistics 92 16. Human Resources LETTER FROM THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS

Carla Hayden, 14th Librarian of Congress Shawn Miller

4 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress I am pleased to present the annual report of the Librarian of Congress for the 2018 fiscal year.

The Library of Congress is one of the world’s great public resources: Its collections hold over 168 million items that document human creativity and achievement across the centuries and around the globe.

My goal as Librarian is to open this treasure chest of resources and services as wide as possible to as many people as possible, and to ensure the U.S. Copyright Office and Congressional Research Service are optimized for their Our goal is users. These past 12 months have been important and exciting ones in to open this advancing these goals. Key to the institution’s long-term success was the development of a new great treasure five-year strategic plan and accompanying digital strategy. These plans, set for release at the beginning of FY19, are the result of extensive staff and chest to as stakeholder input throughout FY18 and will set the institution on a path toward being more user-centered and data-driven, with the long-term goals of many people expanding access to the institution’s collections, services and programs. as possible. Even while that work was unfolding, the Library made significant progress. The Library’s staff made more than 7 million additional items available to the public via loc.gov, including the papers of , Susan B. Anthony and Presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Woodrow Wilson.

At the direction of Congress, the Congressional Research Service, the Law Library and the Office of the Chief Information Officer launched a new website that makes the service’s reports available to the public for the first time.

In April, the institution implemented a realignment of operations that makes the agency more user-centered, that more actively engages learners of all ages and that enriches the Library experience for Congress, creators and the public.

In October, the Library officially opened its new Fort Meade Module 5 facility and, over the following months, transferred more than 60,000 containers there for preservation storage — a huge accomplishment.

And the institution continued to make strides in technology to improve the quality and efficiency of operations. The Office of the Chief Information Officer centralized all agency technology activities; built a new state-of-the-art data center and agency-wide cloud hosting environment; and significantly increased IT security. The U.S. Copyright Office launched an initiative to modernize the use of technology in its service to the public.

These pages highlight the efforts of the many talented staff members at the nation’s library, who each day work to advance the Library’s mission of engaging, inspiring and informing Congress and the American people with a universal and enduring source of knowledge and creativity.

Sincerely, Carla Hayden 14th Librarian of Congress

5 Library of Congress Officers (as of Sept. 30, 2018)

Executive Committee Advisers to the Judith A. Conklin Executive Committee Deputy Chief Information Carla Hayden Officer, Office of the Chief Librarian of Congress Rachel A. Bouman Information Officer Director, Human Resources J. Mark Sweeney Services Francois A. DiFolco Principal Deputy Librarian Associate Director for of Congress Dianne Houghton Administrative Operations, Senior Adviser for Congressional Research Service Ryan P. Ramsey Organizational Performance, Chief of Staff Office of the Librarian Ryan P. Ramsey Chief of Staff, Office of the Bernard A. Barton Jr. Mary J. Klutts Librarian Chief Information Officer Chief Financial Officer Roberto A. Salazar Roswell Encina Kathleen G. Ott Assistant Law Librarian Chief Communications Officer Director, Congressional for Operations and Planning, Relations Office Law Library Edward R. Jablonski Chief Operating Officer Elizabeth Pugh General Counsel Mary B. Mazanec Inspector General Director, Congressional Research Service Kurt W. Hyde Operations Committee Jane McAuliffe Director, National and Edward R. Jablonski International Outreach Chair, Chief Operating Officer Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry Joseph Puccio Alvert Q. Banks Acting Associate Librarian Deputy Associate Librarian for Tracy K. Smith (2017–present) for Library Services Operations, Library Services

Jane Sánchez Joseph J. Cappello Law Librarian of Congress Director of Operations, National and International Outreach Karyn A. Temple Acting Register of Copyrights David J. Christopher Chief of Operations, U.S. Copyright Office

6 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Library of Congress Trust Fund Board Members (as of Sept. 30, 2018)

Ex Officio Members House of Senate Appointments Representatives Carla Hayden Appointments Thomas Girardi Librarian of Congress Los Angeles, California J. Richard Fredericks Rep. Gregg Harper San Francisco, California Christopher G. Long Chairman, Joint Committee New York, New York on the Library of Congress Elizabeth Beretta-Perik Jamestown, Rhode Island George Marcus Sen. Palo Alto, California Vice Chairman, Joint Committee Lawrence P. Fisher on the Library of Congress Chevy Chase, Maryland Kathleen L. Casey Arlington, Virginia David Lebryk Greg Ryan Fiscal Assistant, Secretary of San Francisco, California the Treasury (representing the Hon. Steven Terner Mnuchin, Secretary of the Treasury)

Presidential Appointments

Sheila Marcelo Waltham, Massachusetts

John Miller Milwaukee, Wisconsin

7 Library of Congress Committees (as of Sept. 30, 2018)

Joint Committee on the Library of Congress 115th Congress Second Session

Rep. Gregg Harper (Mississippi) Sen. Pat Roberts (Kansas) Sen. Amy Klobuchar (Minnesota) Chairman Sen. Richard Shelby (Alabama) Sen. Patrick Leahy (Vermont) Sen. Roy Blunt1 (Missouri) Rep. Jeff Fortenberry2 (Nebraska) Rep. Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania) Vice Chairman Rep. (Georgia) Rep. (California)

Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, 115th Congress Second Session

Sen. Roy Blunt3 (Missouri) Sen. Richard Shelby (Alabama) Sen. Dianne Feinstein (California) Chairman Sen. Mitch McConnell (Kentucky) Sen. (New York) Sen. Amy Klobuchar (Minnesota) Sen. Lamar Alexander (Tennessee) Sen. Dick Durbin (Illinois) Ranking Member Sen. Pat Roberts (Kansas) Sen. Tom Udall (New Mexico)

Sen. Ted Cruz (Texas) Sen. Mark Warner (Virginia)

Sen. Shelley Moore Capito (West Sen. Patrick Leahy (Vermont) Virginia) Sen. Angus King (Maine) Sen. Roger Wicker (Mississippi) Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto Sen. Deb Fischer (Nebraska) (Nevada)

Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith (Mississippi)

1 This position was held by Sen. Richard Shelby (Alabama) until April 10, 2018. 2 This position was held by Rep. Kevin Yoder (Kansas) until May 15, 2018, and Rep. Rodney Frelinghuysen (New Jersey) from May 16 to June 24, 2018. 3This position was held by Sen. Richard Shelby (Alabama) until April 10, 2018.

8 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Library of Congress Committees (continued) (as of Sept. 30, 2018)

Committee on House Administration, United States House of Representatives 115th Congress Second Session

Rep. Gregg Harper (Mississippi) Rep. Barbara Comstock (Virginia) Rep. Zoe Lofgren (California) Chairman Rep. Mark Walker (North Carolina) Rep. (Maryland) Rep. Rodney Davis (Illinois) Rep. Adrian Smith (Nebraska) Vice Chairman Rep. Barry Loudermilk (Georgia) Rep. Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania) Ranking Member

Subcommittee on the Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, United States Senate 115th Congress Second Session

Sen. Steve Daines4 (Montana) Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith (Mississippi) Sen. Chris Van Hollen (Maryland) Chairman Sen. Richard Shelby (Alabama) Sen. Chris Murphy (Connecticut) Ranking Member

Subcommittee on the Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, United States House of Representatives 115th Congress Second Session

Rep. Jeff Fortenberry5 (Nebraska) Rep. (Washington) Rep. Betty McCollum (Minnesota) Chairman Rep. (Michigan) Rep. Rep. (Nevada) (Florida) Rep. Scott Taylor (Virginia) Vice Chairman

Rep. Tim Ryan (Ohio) Ranking Member

4This position was held by Sen. James Lankford (Oklahoma) until April 10, 2018. 5This position was held by Rep. Kevin Yoder (Kansas) until May 15, 2018, and Rep. Rodney Frelinghuysen (New Jersey) from May 16 to June 24, 2018.

9 Mission Statement Engage, inspire and inform Congress and the American people with a universal and enduring source of knowledge and creativity.

10 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Facts at a Glance In fiscal year 2018, the Library of Congress…

Responded to more than Through the U.S. Copyright Circulated nearly 21 million Circulated more than 1 million reference Office, issued over copies of braille, audio 958,000 items for use requests from Congress, 560,000 registrations and and large print items to inside and outside the the public and other recorded 21,668 copyright over 972,526 blind and Library. federal agencies.1 ownership transfer physically handicapped documents containing reader accounts. more than 750,000 titles.

Performed over 10.2 Welcomed over 1.9 Employed 3,096 permanent Operated with a total million preservation million on-site visitors staff members. fiscal 2018 appropriation actions on items in and recorded 114 million of $669.9 million, the Library’s physical visits and 497.9 million including the authority collections. page views on the to spend $49.9 million in Library’s web properties. offsetting receipts.

Recorded a total of 168,291,642 items in the collections:

• 24,600,488 cataloged • 14,959,404 items in • 128,731,750 items in the • 8,248,563 items of books in the Library of the nonclassified print nonclassified (special) sheet music. Congress classification collections, including collections, including: • 3,449,194 other (including system. books in large type • 4,019,643 audio materials machine-readable items). and raised characters, (discs, tapes, talking • 15,733,020 visual incunabula (books printed books and other materials, as follows: before 1501), monographs recorded formats). and serials, music, bound + 14,942,941 • 72,512,459 manuscripts. newspapers, pamphlets, photographs. technical reports and • 5,608,003 maps. + 109,307 posters. other print material. • 17,250,956 microforms. + 680,772 prints • 1,834,690 moving images. and drawings.

1 Direct use of Congressional Research Service reports is included in this calculation.

Opposite, clockwise from top left: Linguists examine a 16th-century priest’s handbook from Guatemala; director Jeroen Vervliet of The Hague’s library and Law Librarian of Congress Jane Sánchez sign a memorandum of understanding; a visiting student from Kenya studies a display of Library treasures; a collection of sheet music from Broadway shows; visitors explore the Library’s just- opened “Baseball Americana” exhibition. Shawn Miller

11 SERVING THE CONGRESS

12 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Opposite: Sen. Orrin Hatch (R– Utah) examines material in the U.S. Copyright Office with Acting The Library supports members Register of Copyrights Karyn Temple. Shawn Miller of Congress, their staffs and their constituents in many ways.

The Library of Congress was support its legislative, oversight largest collection of legal resources. established in 1800 to provide and representational duties. The collection includes more than resources to members of Congress The work of CRS is nonpartisan, 2.95 million volumes and global for use in their work. The Joint objective, confidential and legal materials in various formats. Committee on the Library—the authoritative. In fiscal 2018, oldest continuing joint committee CRS responded to 62,000 In fiscal 2018, the Law Library of the U.S. Congress—was created congressional requests. The CRS answered about 1,200 congressional through legislation signed by website for Congress, CRS.gov, inquiries and provided members of President on April 24, drew approximately 1.5 million Congress with 333 legal research 1800, legislation that also created views, including more than 560,000 reports, special studies and memoranda. a library for the nation’s lawmakers views of the service’s reports and The Law Library’s legal reference and provided for its congressional general-distribution products. assist congressional staff any oversight. The unique collaboration time either chamber of Congress is in between these two institutions has CRS examines pressing legislative session, no matter the hour. In fiscal allowed both to serve the nation issues facing Congress; identifies 2018, the Law Library reading room for more than two centuries. and assesses policy options; and remained opened more than 3,166 provides analysis, consultation hours for the benefit of congressional In fiscal year 2018, the Library and briefings to support Congress staff. supported members of Congress, throughout the legislative process their staffs and constituents in a across the full range of public Copyright Law and Policy variety of ways, from providing policy issues. The U.S. Copyright Office, headed reference, research and analysis by the register of copyrights, on key issues to supplying surplus Congress established the Law administers the nation’s copyright books to congressional districts. The Library of Congress in 1832 laws for the advancement of the Library also continued to implement with the mission of making its public good and the benefit of new technologies to make the resources available to Congress authors and users of creative works. legislative process more accessible and the U.S. Supreme Court—a The register’s duties under the and transparent to the public. mission that expanded to include Copyright Act include registering other branches of government creative works, recording information Legislative Support and the global legal community. about copyright ownership and The Congressional Research Service Librarians and lawyers respond implementing certain statutory (CRS) in the Library of Congress to congressional inquiries about licenses. The register and her staff provides the nation’s legislature U.S., foreign, comparative and also provide expert impartial with research, analysis and international legal and legislative assistance to Congress, the courts information of the highest quality to research, drawing upon the world’s and executive branch agencies

Serving the Congress 13 that will ensure America’s history and culture are captured and preserved for generations to come.

In its concern for preserving the nation’s audiovisual heritage, Congress enacted the National Film Preservation Act of 1988 and the National Recording Preservation Act of 2000. These acts direct the librarian of Congress to select “culturally, historically or aesthetically” significant films and sound recordings, respectively, for preservation. To date, 725 films Sen. Steve Daines (R–Montana) presents the collections of 50 military veterans to and 500 sound recordings have Veterans History Project director Karen Lloyd. Shawn Miller been selected for preservation.

on questions of domestic and Congress, which will be released Established by Congress in international copyright law in fiscal 2019. 2000, the Veterans History Project and policy. (VHP) in the Library’s American During this past year, the Copyright Folklife Center preserves the In fiscal 2018, the office continued Office continued its work on memories of those in our nation’s assisting Congress in a number of a study evaluating the impact armed services and others ways, including engaging in studies and effectiveness of the safe who shared America’s wartime and important copyright-related harbor provisions contained in experience in the 20th and early litigation matters, conducting section 512 of Title 17 of the 21st centuries. The project now regulatory activities aimed at U.S. Code. The section 512 study holds more than 108,000 collections administering the Copyright Act is evaluating the current impact from veterans across the nation. overall and advising the executive and effectiveness of the Copyright branch by participating in foreign Act’s notice-and-takedown The Library’s Congressional copyright law and policy matters. system and safe harbor provisions. Relations Office continued to The office assisted Congress with Work on this complex study will work closely with VHP in fiscal the landmark Music Modernization continue into fiscal 2019. 2018 to promote its mission Act, which will transform music to Congress and its services licensing and address how federal With its Visual Works study, the to constituents. The annual law can interact with pre-1972 office is seeking to build upon congressional staff briefing sound recordings. its longstanding policy interest provided information about in how the copyright system the project, ways in which During fiscal 2018, the Copyright uniquely affects these works, members can participate and Office continued work on three including issues addressed by how staff can help set up policy studies. The office is working the office’s past reports such and manage a program in their on a study on how existing U.S. as small claims, resale royalties, districts. During the year many law (including provisions found in registration, recordation and the members, working through VHP, Title 17 of the U.S. Code and other interoperability of records. assisted local community groups federal and state laws) protects to engage veterans in their states the moral rights of attribution and Congressional and districts to encourage them integrity and whether any additional Preservation Efforts to tell their stories and record protection is advisable in this The Library is leading several interviews. VHP conducted donation area. The office is in the process major preservation initiatives ceremonies with many members, of finalizing a written report for at the behest of Congress during which they transferred

14 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Congress Comes to the Library

The Library provides support to Congress in a host of ways—including as a venue for congressional events and via programs that allow members to explore our nation’s history, celebrate artistic achievement and discover the institution’s collections and services.

During fiscal 2018, the Library’s Sen. Tim Kaine (D–Virginia), at right, performs with Jason Mraz at the annual ASCAP Congressional Relations Office “We Write the Songs” concert in the Coolidge Auditorium. Shawn Miller (CRO) assisted members of Congress in hosting 138 events Senate members attended. between the Library’s Music and meetings at the Library. At these dinners, a notable Division and the American Those events included a pre- biographer or historian is Society of Composers, Authors State of the Union reception for interviewed by Madison Council and Publishers. During the 42 members, in collaboration Chairman David Rubenstein. Each program, four members took the with the Kluge Center; meetings event also includes a display of stage to introduce a performer between members and key historical items that highlight from their district. This year’s representatives of foreign the Library’s collections. concert featured performances governments and alliances; three by Michael McDonald, Suzanne displays of Library treasures at On Nov. 15, 2017, the Library Vega, Jason Mraz and Mike Love the Capitol for special guests, at staged a concert at DAR and the Beach Boys. Presenters the request of House leadership; Constitution Hall in honor of included Sen. Lamar Alexander, and spouse receptions, staff Gershwin Prize for Popular Sen. Tim Kaine, House Majority retreats, planning meetings, Song recipient . Leader Kevin McCarthy and constituent fly-ins and panel The concert was attended by presentations. several hundred congressional Chairman Joe Crowley. guests, including 87 members, CRO also worked with the staff of their spouses and senior For the ninth year, the Library Democratic Caucus Chairman Joe congressional staffers. Five hosted a forum about the Crowley to organize a dinner in members participated in the Library’s education resources the Great Hall—an event attended award presentation: House for congressional chiefs of by 70 members, including Majority Leader Kevin McCarthy, staff, staff of the members of Democratic Leader House Democratic Leader Nancy the Congressional Library of and Minority Whip . Pelosi, Committee on House Congress Caucus and education Administration Chairman Gregg legislative assistants. Over 35 The Library held 13 Congressional Harper, House Appropriations congressional staffers attended Dialogues dinners in the Great Subcommittee on the Legislative the March briefing, where they Hall during fiscal 2018. Presented Branch Chairman Kevin Yoder learned how teachers can exclusively for members of and Sen. Patrick J. Leahy. access the Library’s primary Congress and their guests, source resources, curricula, the dinners attracted large In April, 64 members attended teacher training and more. congressional participation: an the 10th annual “We Write the average of over 120 House and Songs” concert, a collaboration

Serving the Congress 15 CRO continued creating outreach material to encourage congressional offices to share Library services and events via social media. This service provides congressional offices with CRO-prepared posts, tweets, YouTube content and Pinterest items to help facilitate constituent outreach. In fiscal 2018, CRO produced and distributed 57 new and improved social media products focusing on African-American, Asian-Pacific Islander, Hispanic and women’s history months; the Veterans History Project for Veterans and Memorial days; educator resources; and baseball, National Library Week and Independence Day. CRO continued to distribute state-specific outreach released to each delegation on the state’s anniversary of entering the union.

Clockwise from top: House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer (D-Maryland) speaks at LCnet is a website created and a reception at the Library prior to the State of the Union address; Rep. Norma maintained by CRO as an information Torres (D-California) examines items from the Geography and Map Division at a portal for Library support services to Congressional Dialogues dinner; Rep. Jeff Denham (R-California) greets Librarian Congress. Intended for congressional of Congress Carla Hayden following a donation of collections to the Veterans use only, the site registered 16,479 History Project. Shawn Miller page views in fiscal 2018. In addition to providing information on Library their constituents’ interviews to congressional offices regarding events and services such as book and collections to the Library. Library services and programming loans, digital services and educational and assisted members of Congress programs and resources, LCnet also Ö loc.gov/film/ in hosting 138 events at the Library. hosts a digital images gallery and loc.gov/rr/record/nrpb/ links to the social media products and loc.gov/vets The librarian of Congress—with CRO’s materials created for commemorative support—continued to host the months and holidays. Other Services popular dinner series, Congressional to Congress Dialogues. Held exclusively for LCnet provides information about The Library reached out to Congress members of Congress, the fiscal scheduling Jefferson Building to ensure both new and returning 2018 series included 13 events with tours for constituents. In 2017, members, as well as new committee an average attendance of more CRO supported the creation chairs and ranking members, were than 120 members. In addition, CRO and implementation of a new aware of the full range of its coordinated over 2,500 visits by constituent tour reservation collections, programs and services. members and/or their spouses, who system. In its first full fiscal year of attended Library events, special operation, the system registered During fiscal 2018, the Congressional tours, private viewings of Library 859 congressional staff accounts, Relations Office (CRO) received collections and meetings about allowing staff to schedule more and answered nearly 26,500 the services the Library provides than 45,500 constituents on special telephone and email inquiries, sent to Congress. tours of the Jefferson Building. nearly 140,000 outreach emails

16 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress In fiscal 2018, congressional offices for the Teaching with Primary fiscal 2019 budget request. The made 448 visits to the Library’s Sources program. Library’s request focused on Surplus Book Program, where staff modernization, transformation and selected books and materials The U.S. Copyright Office innovation to increase access, to send to libraries, schools and received funding for its ongoing outreach and customer service nonprofits in their districts and modernization efforts, with $6.06 to ensure the Library’s ability to states. The 41,402 items selected million in support of four new support the Congress and the by congressional offices initiatives to address registration American people. Subcommittee helped stock libraries in many backlogs, legal staffing and members inquired about congressional districts. information technology issues. The Library programs, including IT bill also included an increase of centralization, IT modernization, Library Services received and $4.8 million for the Congressional copyright modernization, the visitor processed 20,401 requests from Research Service to support experience initiative, CRS reports members of Congress, their staffs staffing needs in areas of high and staffing levels, collections and special borrowers during the congressional demand and to storage and braille e-readers. fiscal year. Of that number, the develop an Integrated Research The House subcommittee also team was able to fill 18,478 and Information System to increase heard separate testimony from the requests for analog, e-books efficiency in serving Congress. The CRS director and the acting register and audio material. bill further directed the National of copyrights. Library Service for the Blind and Supporting The Library Physically Handicapped to work Congress approved H.R. 5895, a The Library operated under a series with the Government Publishing final fiscal 2019 legislative branch of continuing resolutions from Oct. Office (GPO) and the Architect appropriation bill, at the end of 1, 2017, to March 23, 2018. During of the Capitol (AOC) to study the fiscal 2018. The president signed this period, the Library maintained feasibility of moving to some the omnibus that included the the approximate fiscal 2017 available space within GPO. Finally, Legislative Appropriations Act, 2019 appropriations funding level, less a in the AOC budget, Congress (P.L. 115-244) on Sept. 21. small rate of operations reduction. appropriated $45 million for the construction of Collection Storage The Library of Congress Trust Fund The president signed the Module 6 at Fort Meade, Maryland. Board, created in 1925 by an act Consolidated Appropriations Act of Congress, acted as trustee of 2018 (P.L. 115-141) on March 23, Librarian of Congress Carla of private funds invested for the providing the Library a total budget Hayden testified on April 25 benefit of the Library. Its work authority of $719.81 million for fiscal before the House Appropriations supports Library literacy programs, 2018, including $669.9 million in Subcommittee and on May 8 exhibitions, acquisitions, scholarly appropriations and $49.9 million before the Senate Appropriations programs and fellowships, concerts in offsetting receipts authority. Subcommittee on the Library’s and initiatives. Total Library budget authority increased approximately 5 percent over fiscal 2017. In the largest increase, $10 million supported the visitor experience initiative to modernize the Library’s exhibits and features to be more interactive with its users and increase access to the collections. The bill also provided $9.5 million for enterprise investments in IT modernization; $0.3 million for expanded IT audit capabilities; $2.35 million for the Veterans History Project; and Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden testifies about the Library’s strategic plan at $8.65 million in no-year funding a hearing before the Committee on House Administration. Shawn Miller

Serving the Congress 17 COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE

18 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Opposite: Students explore multispectral photographic analysis under the guidance The Library is one of the of the Library’s preservation staff as part of an educational world’s great public resources, outreach program. Shawn Miller with collections that chronicle centuries of human achievement around the globe.

Collecting 980,413 items for the Library’s America’s creativity to meet the The Library of Congress is both collections through various needs of Congress, researchers the nation’s library and the largest methods, including purchase and the American public. It ensures library in the world. The institution’s and exchange. In addition, ABA that the Library’s analog and digital enormous collections encompass facilitated the acquisition of 354,628 collections reflect the breadth and virtually all formats, languages collection items through solicited depth of knowledge published in all and subjects—the single most gifts to the Collections and Services media, languages and regions of comprehensive accumulation of Directorate. With the acquisition the world. human knowledge ever assembled. of additional items through means such as transfers from other During fiscal 2018, CDO continued In fiscal 2018, the Library’s government agencies, a total of to cyclically review and update collections grew to 168,291,642 more than 1.3 million items were the Library’s collections policy physical items in various formats. added to the collections. statements and associated The Library added more than 1.3 supplementary guidelines. It million items to its collections The Library’s six overseas offices facilitated the customization of during the year through purchase, (located in Cairo, Islamabad, 14 different foreign acquisitions gift, exchange or transfer from Jakarta, Nairobi, New Delhi and Rio approval plans, including those for other government agencies. (See de Janeiro) acquired, cataloged China, Germany, Japan and the Appendix B, Selected Acquisitions) and preserved materials from United Kingdom. Also, as part of their collecting areas. In fiscal its focus on foreign newspapers, The U.S. Copyright office transferred 2018, those offices acquired it issued a report, “LC’s Foreign a total of 736,833 works with an 204,464 items for the Library’s Newspapers Holdings: Discovery estimated value of $47,591,986 to collections. They also acquired Challenges and Recommended the Library’s collections in fiscal 329,015 collection items, on a cost- Actions.” 2018; 294,066 of the transferred recovery basis, for more than 100 items were received from customers, chiefly U.S. libraries, In connection with the publishers under the mandatory that participated in the Cooperative implementation of the digital deposit provision of the law. Acquisitions Program. collecting plan, copyright group Of those deposits, receipts via registration of newspaper eDeposits include 1,825 e-books Collection Development e-prints was established, a group and 95,716 e-serial issues for a total The Collection Development Office was formed to develop and of 28,566,944 digital files. (CDO) directly supports the Library’s pilot workflows for the routine strategic goal of acquiring and acquisition of digital content via The Acquisitions and Bibliographic maintaining a universal collection purchases and gift, a group was Access Directorate (ABA) acquired of knowledge and the record of formed to examine issues regarding

Collecting, Preserving and Providing Access to Knowledge 19 the acquisition of openly available treated or repaired in conservation with the newly created Digital endangered content, a data sets labs; protective containers or Collections Management and working group was established to housings were given to 19,973 Services Division to develop and address related targets in the digital items; and 193,977 book equivalents improve digital-stewardship collecting plan, and the records for and 1,214,800 sheets were practices and initiated its transition all electronic resources represented deacidified. Staff surveyed the plan for a fully digital preservation in the Electronic Resources Online preservation needs of 879,812 reformatting program. Digital Catalog were coded relative to their items from the Library’s general reformatting activities increased acquisition source. and special collections, including substantially. PRD’s tangible books, photographs, maps, media program reformatted 2,677 Preserving audiovisual materials and other items and a combined total of Preserving the Library’s holdings formats, monitored over 240 37,775,299 files, copying from and the information they contain environmental data loggers and obsolescent digital media and is a critical part of the institution’s continued to play a key role in the transferring them to storage servers mission. The Preservation Library’s security and emergency- managed by the Office of the Chief Directorate continued to assess response programs. Information Officer. Furthermore, and treat collections using PRD’s programs for creating digital established technologies, practices To protect information at risk from facsimiles of general collection and procedures to reduce risks to deterioration, staff reformatted monographs increased their these materials. It also engaged in original media to keep its output by over 30 percent, for scientific research to explore new informational content available. a total of 118,562 pages. approaches to preservation. To that end, 8,366,896 pages were microfilmed, including 6,220,450 The Conservation Division In fiscal 2018, the directorate produced for the custodial divisions completed major conservation performed 10.2 million preservation and 2,146,446 microfilmed by the projects concerning, for example, actions on items in the Library’s Library’s overseas offices. Digital unique records of American collections, including books, serials, transformation was an important history and folklife, rare musical prints, photographs, audiovisual focus for the year. The Preservation instruments and music manuscripts and other items. During the fiscal Reformatting Division (PRD) and artifacts dating to the dawn of year, 117,399 items were bound into completed the foreign newspaper writing. The Conservation Division, new library bindings; 33,845 were digitization pilot program, worked the Collections Management

Left: Conservators Gwenanne Edwards and Mary Haude separate panels from a 1776 map of Vienna for treatment and restoration. Right: Bryan Lee of the Dover Quartet prepares backstage for a concert at the Coolidge Auditorium. Shawn Miller

20 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress “Baseball Americana” featured key items from Library collections plus the major- exhibition debut of the “Laws of Baseball,” considered the game’s Magna Carta. America’s Shawn Miller Library that 161 years ago helped create Ruth’s shoes, a Ty Cobb contract the game we know today. and an array of gloves, balls, bats, Explores shoes and catchers’ masks that Those foundational documents— illustrate how the game has evolved. Baseball’s considered the game’s “Magna Carta” by historians—first “Baseball Americana” also had Roots proposed many of baseball’s most a different look: The exhibition fundamental rules: nine-inning featured, for example, a replica The Library of Congress in games, nine players to a side and grandstand that incorporated June opened a major new bases set 90 feet apart, among exhibition material and that exhibition exploring baseball’s others. The documents once were visitors could walk beneath. past and present and featuring considered lost to history but the major-exhibition debut of resurfaced at auction in 1999 and In conjunction with the exhibition, the game’s “Magna Carta”— again in 2016. The most-recent the Library also presented a handwritten documents that buyer, San Diego corporate lawyer wide range of baseball-themed first laid out baseball’s rules Hayden J. Trubitt, loaned them to events—talks by “Moneyball” and profoundly shaped the the Library for the exhibition—the author Michael Lewis and history of our national pastime. first time they had been displayed Major League Baseball’s official in a major public exhibition. historian, John Thorne; an outdoor The yearlong exhibition, “Baseball screening of “Field of Dreams”; Americana,” opened June 29 “Baseball Americana” was the a discussion about baseball in the Jefferson Building. product of teamwork by the cards in Library collections; Library with Major League Baseball, and a family day that featured “Baseball Americana” highlighted ESPN and the National Baseball a vintage baseball clinic, bat- key treasures from Library Hall of Fame and Museum. making demonstrations, vintage collections: early baseball cards, music and a performance about the first handwritten and printed Major League Baseball contributed African-American ballplayers. references to the game in America, video footage from its archives. ESPN film footage from the 1890s to the developed original content in the “Baseball Americana” was present, items from the Jackie form of statistics, trivia questions and made possible by the Library Robinson papers and more. It historical comparisons. The Baseball of Congress Third Century also showcased the “Laws of Hall of Fame contributed historical Fund, the James Madison Baseball,” a group of documents items from its collections—Babe Council and Democracy Fund.

Collecting, Preserving and Providing Access to Knowledge 21 Division and the Preservation CMD played a key role in all aspects facility. As part of the dedication, Research and Testing Division of the planning and design for the tours of the entire facility, including worked collaboratively with the future Module 6 at Fort Meade. Module 5, took place. By the end of Architect of the Capitol on a The Architect of the Capitol’s the fiscal year, the total number of number of renovation, design and budget provided full funding trackable items housed off-site at construction projects to enhance for this module, which will hold Fort Meade and Cabin Branch was the storage and security of the approximately 1.8 million books 6,584,287 units. Library’s collections. and more than 100,000 containers of special-format collections, Newspapers Ö loc.gov/preservation/ constituting substantial progress Chronicling America. The Library, in addressing the Library’s long- in partnership with the National Collections Storage. During fiscal term collections-storage and Endowment for the Humanities, 2018, a reorganization resulted in preservation requirements. CMD hosts the National Digital the creation of a new Collections also coordinated preparatory work Newspaper Program (NDNP), a Management Division (CMD) to to vacate the interim storage in project to digitize and provide free better align with Library Services the Landover Center, playing a key and public access to historical goals for access services and role in inventorying collections that American newspapers in the collection management. CMD was will be transferred out of Landover public domain. In fiscal 2018, the formed to focus on inventory within six months of the completion NDNP added 1.75 million digitized management, collections security, of Fort Meade Module 6. pages from 46 states, territories collections space management and the District of Columbia to on and off Capitol Hill, collections On Oct. 27, 2017, a ceremony its Chronicling America: Historic maintenance and stack opened Module 5, which also is American Newspapers website, management. located at the Fort Meade storage bringing the total to more than 14

Visitors explore the Packard Campus audiovisual facilities at an open house in October. Shawn Miller

22 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress million pages. Coverage from two additional states—Arkansas and Georgia—was added during the year. In fiscal 2018, the site supported over 4.1 million visits (a 12 percent increase over fiscal 2017) and 37.9 million page views.

Audiovisual Collections Packard Campus for Audio-Visual Conservation. The National Audio- Visual Conservation Center (NAVCC) in Culpeper, Virginia, houses the Library’s recorded sound and moving image collections— the world’s largest and most comprehensive.

Ö loc.gov/avconservation/

Films. In fiscal 2018, the Moving Image Section acquired a large collection of films from Lou DiCrescenzo, which consists of about 950 reels of mostly nitrate film. The section also continued to Clockwise from top: Conservators treat a 19th-century circus poster; the Library work on the acquisition of born- placed the papers of Ulysses S. Grant online; Deputy Architect of the Capitol Christine digital content, including 5,209 files Merdon and Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden officially open the Library’s new Fort Meade storage module. Shawn Miller included in the American Archive of Public Broadcasting and 532 Senate floor recordings. Collections of commercial and non-commercial comprised 44,415 collection items, were prioritized for reformatting, recordings in all formats from including 22,776 video items, 10,229 including 1,565 videos received via all periods. In fiscal 2018, the sound recordings, 2,421 reels of copyright deposit transfer in DVD-R section acquired 28,539 physical film and 8,989 digitized television format, which has a short shelf life. audio recordings and 1,281 born- and radio programs added to digital recordings. the American Archive of Public On Dec. 13, 2017, the librarian of Broadcasting collection. Congress named 25 films to the The NAVCC completed the National Film Registry, bringing the preservation of the Les Paul Providing Access total to 725. Collection through a partnership To Knowledge with the Les Paul Foundation, The Library makes its multiformat The NAVCC launched two major which funded five audio engineers collections publicly available in online collections: selections who digitized over 4,000 sound its multiple reading rooms and from the National Film Registry recording in a little over 10 months. research centers on Capitol Hill and and the National Screening Room. through its website. Most of the films are available On March 21, 2018, the librarian of for download and reuse in high- Congress announced the addition By cataloging its holdings in English resolution file formats. of 25 sound recordings to the and other languages, the Library National Recording Registry, bringing provides bibliographic access to Sound Recordings. The Recorded the total to 500. its vast and growing collections. Sound Section is committed to Through shared and cooperative building and enhancing a collection Preservation activities at the NAVCC cataloging, the Library helps the

Collecting, Preserving and Providing Access to Knowledge 23 nation’s libraries provide better Library circulated 900,000 physical during the year in addition to access to their collections. items through its research centers. 1.3 million manuscript items on Over 32,136 items were circulated 253,463 bibliographic records. Visitors to all Library buildings on off-site to authorized borrowers. The Cataloging in Publication Capitol Hill totaled 1.9 million in A total of 688,974 full-text items program cataloged 57,573 titles, fiscal 2018. Of these, a record were downloaded from the and the Electronic Cataloging 1.6 million visited the Thomas subscription databases in fiscal in Publication E-book Program Jefferson Building. The Library’s 2018. A total of 45,292 requests prepared cataloging, in advance of Great Hall and exhibitions remained were received and filled for items publication, for 20,252 e-books and open to the public on federal stored off-site at Fort Meade, e-serials. The Library established holidays, with the exception of Cabin Branch and Landover. 290,439 name and series Thanksgiving, Christmas and authorities, 2,221 subject headings New Year’s Day. The Visitor Ö loc.gov/rr/ and 2,100 new Library of Congress Engagement Office and its Classification numbers. corps of 340 volunteers led The newly launched story map 8,100 guided tours and answered website and third-party platform The Dewey Program, which over 345,000 inquiries. quickly attracted 35,000 visits. This supports libraries worldwide that immersive web application offers classify their titles in Dewey Decimal Reference Services new ways for staff experts to tell Classification (DDC), assigned DDC During fiscal 2018, the Library the stories of Library collections to 119,094 titles. continued to fulfill its role as the through narrative, multimedia and premier research library for Congress interactive maps, photographs and During the year, the Library’s and the nation. More than 70,000 text resources. The first group of curatorial divisions created 75 new reader-identification cards were story maps engaged users with new Encoded Archival Description issued—a significant increase over such diverse topics as railroads, finding aids online. As a result, the previous fiscal year. trials, architecture and rare books. researchers can now access 69,119,990 archival items in the User demand for collections and Ö loc.gov/rr/geogmap/storymaps. Library’s collections. reference service remains strong. html Library staff responded to more Ö loc.gov/findingaids/ than 360,000 reference requests. Cataloging More than 103,000 of these The Library managed 50,706,616 Bibliographic Framework Initiative. requests were received online, MARC records in its Integrated BIBFRAME is an initiative begun in including queries handled through Library System. The Library fiscal 2011 as a replacement for the Ask a Librarian service. The cataloged 305,955 new works the cataloging metadata standard known as MARC 21.

In fiscal 2018, progress on BIBFRAME accelerated. Over 65 Library of Congress cataloging staff participated in its pilot phase two, creating BIBFRAME metadata in a realistic, simulated cataloging environment against a database converted from the entire Library of Congress MARC bibliographic database. The ABA Directorate analyzed pilot outcomes, improved BIBFRAME input tools and training, fine-tuned the BIBFRAME 2.0 Mark Conner of the Library’s Development Office leads visiting students from Kenya model and shared its analysis with on a tour of the Main Reading Room. Shawn Miller the library community. This work

24 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress A New Visual said. “But we still have the The new identity colors are core, which is the services, the red-orange, black, white and gray, Identity for people and the collections.” and new typefaces also were introduced in Library publications. the Library The dramatic new identity features the word “Library” in The Library contracted award- Librarian of Congress Carla boldface, both set as a single winning designer Paula Scher Hayden on Aug. 21 introduced a word and split in different ways from the firm Pentagram to new visual identity for the Library to allow the insertion of imagery review the Library’s existing to staff gathered in the Madison from the Library’s collections. visual identity. After a process Building—a new look, she said, Splitting the word with images of research and discovery, that complements the special from the collections is intended Pentagram proposed a redesign focus on users that drives the to convey the breadth and to reflect the spirit of the institution’s new strategic plan. power of Library holdings. It also largest library in the world suggests an invitation for all to and to make the Library’s “This identity will allow us to … visit physically or virtually to take vast and diverse collections signal to people, that there’s advantage of all the treasures immediately understandable something new,” Hayden within the Library buildings. to Americans everywhere.

25 Engineer Lloyd Rasmussen works on talking book machines at the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped campus. Shawn Miller

on the pilot advanced the new Service for the Blind and Physically the launch of the campaign, NLS bibliographic framework for the Handicapped (NLS) circulated averaged 10,000 visits weekly to purpose of enriching the Library’s nearly 21 million copies of braille, its campaign site and received future bibliographic data, collection audio, and large print items to approximately 23,000 requests for management and discovery. 972,526 reader accounts. NLS information. Since the radio and added over 20,000 books and cable spots launched in February, In preparation, a training plan was magazines to its Braille and Audio NLS received more than 30,000 developed for approval and a two- Reading Download (BARD) service, calls. The NLS Facebook page phase approach was chosen for bringing the total available titles engaged audiences—followers the training and implementation. to over 100,000 for the first doubled in one year to more than The first phase focused on time (104,229 books and 16,061 34,000, and page likes went up training the 42 staff members who magazines). Patrons downloaded 43 percent. participated in the BIBFRAME Pilot more than 4 million books and 1.0. The second phase consisted magazines from BARD in fiscal 2018. Loc.gov, Congress.gov of training about 30 staff members and Social Media new to the BIBFRAME pilot. New pilot NLS continues to expand the The Library’s website, loc.gov, staff members were trained by the multimedia outreach campaign provides users with access to the end of July 2017 and commenced launched in fiscal 2017. In February institution’s unparalleled resources, working in BIBFRAME 2.0 as soon as 2018, the campaign launched the such as its online catalogs; selected they were trained. “Magical Moments” commercial on collections in various formats; radio and cable stations nationwide, copyright, legal and legislative Access for the Blind and including TNT, Turner Classic Movies information; exhibitions; and videos Physically Handicapped and NPR. The commercial will and podcasts of events. In fiscal In fiscal 2018, the National Library run through August 2019. Since 2018, the Library’s web properties

26 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress recorded more than 114 million The Library’s Podcast account and congressional staff. The visits and 497.9 million page views. features selected podcasts, public-facing accounts issued In fiscal 2018, the Library added 30 historical films from Library 8,765 tweets during the fiscal year, new digital collections to loc.gov. collections, as well as videos and gaining 117,402 retweets and 6,475 audio recordings from collections replies. The public accounts also The Office of the Chief Information and of events at the Library. gained 155,658 followers (for a total Officer (OCIO) collaborated with During fiscal 2018, the Library of 1.5 million followers) and made the Congressional Research added 19 files to iTunes podcasts. 58.6 million impressions. Service (CRS), the Law Library and The account gained 6,920 new Congress to complete 16 major subscriptions, 98,132 new visitors The Library’s Pinterest account releases of congress.gov, the and 124,071 consumptions. Since features content from the Library’s online database of U.S. Congress the account was launched in 2009, collections as well as events, legislative information. Each release the Library has added 3,985 files, National Book Festival posters and included functionality and content attracted 860,687 visitors and items from the Library’s shop. enhancements developed using 219,943 subscriptions with a total During fiscal 2018, the Library extensive user feedback. One consumption of 4.25 million files. created two new boards and major focus for fiscal 2018 was the gained 2,348 followers. To date, the migration of the site’s incoming Photo enthusiasts continued to account has 65 boards, 1,814 pins, data feeds to the Government not only access but also help 16,914 followers and 25,119 saves. Publishing Office’s new GovInfo API. identify Library photos from the OCIO worked with CRS to create a early 1900s through the photo- The Library maintains 17 blogs that new public website for the service’s sharing project on Flickr. During serve as a vehicle for curators and reports, as required by law. The new the fiscal year, the Library added subject-matter experts to share site is accessible via congress.gov. 2,432 photos to its Flickr account, their collection discoveries and bringing the total to 32,287. Over to engage with users. During the The Library streamed videos of the account’s lifetime, the Library fiscal year, the Library published concerts, lectures and other has accumulated 70,173 followers 1,139 posts, which drew 2.84 million events on YouTube and Facebook and 304.8 million image views. views for a lifetime total of nearly during each month of the fiscal 14.3 million views. The Library also year. During fiscal 2018, 42 events In addition to its main Facebook maintains a Medium account, were livestreamed, including site, the Library offers Facebook featuring reposts from Library blogs, appearances by U.S. Supreme Court pages for the Law Library, the the Library of Congress Magazine Justice Clarence Thomas, Kluge American Folklife Center, Performing and the Gazette. In fiscal 2018, the Prize winner Drew Gilpin Faust, Arts, the National Library Service account added 42 posts and added U.S. Poet Laureate Tracy K. Smith, for the Blind and Physically 2,581 followers for a total of 35,767. “Hidden Figures” author Margot Lee Handicapped, the Veterans Shetterly, country music legend History Project and the Library’s The Library’s Instagram account Dolly Parton and actor John Cena. international collections. During continued to share images from The Library also streamed author fiscal 2018, the Library posted 3,087 current events, concerts and appearances on the main stage of times on those pages, gained 37,251 exhibitions. The Instagram account the National Book Festival. followers, received 274,701 likes and added 13,882 new followers for earned 77.8 million impressions. a total of 35,931 at the end of During fiscal 2018, the Library made Library Facebook accounts have fiscal 2018. 632 videos available on YouTube, a total of 508,432 followers, and videos that were liked 38,501 times posts have received a combined Ö loc.gov and viewed 5.6 million times. The 328.9 million lifetime impressions. congress.gov channel gained 22,490 subscribers blogs.loc.gov during the fiscal year. The Library At the end of the fiscal year, the loc.gov/connect/ also made public 410 webcasts Library maintained 11 public-facing during the fiscal year, which were and two Congressional Research viewed 297,707 times. Service protected accounts on for members of Congress

Collecting, Preserving and Providing Access to Knowledge 27 PROMOTING CREATIVITY AND LEARNING

28 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Opposite: Country music star Dolly Parton reads her book “Coat of Many Colors” to children Library programs, fellowships in the Great Hall of the Jefferson Building. Shawn Miller and services promote creativity, scholarship and lifelong learning among the public.

Promoting Creativity acclaimed series of 71 events exhibitions at the Library examined The Library of Congress collections that encompassed chamber the art of the courtroom and chronicle centuries of human music, jazz, pop, early music and contributions by women to the art creativity—a rich, diverse and American musical theater. The forms of illustration and cartooning enduring source of knowledge for events included 25 performances; (see Appendix C, Exhibitions). the American public and scholars 26 lectures, public conversations The Prints and Photograph Division’s around the world. The Library also and interviews; four commissions collections, services and staff promotes creativity and cultural supported by Library endowments; knowledge fueled diverse initiatives. literacy through its many public seven film screenings; three “Not an Ostrich,” an exhibition held programs throughout the year. informal “pop-up” concerts; and in conjunction with the Annenberg six outdoor concerts, added in a Space for Photography in Public Programs new Summer Concerts on the Lawn Los Angeles, drew more than During the year, the Library series. The division also offered 30,000 visitors. A display of presented hundreds of public three collection presentations at Alexander Hamilton’s papers programs that promoted creativity, major area venues and numerous complemented other Hamilton- scholarship and lifelong learning. displays of collections materials. related activities around Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden The Concerts from the Library Washington, D.C., to coincide with hosted conversations with director of Congress series attracted an the popular “Hamilton” musical. Christopher Nolan and author audience of more than 14,000 Margot Lee Shetterly, among other patrons to the Library, and a Ö loc.gov/exhibits/ programs. Below is a selected growing number also viewed Music list. Webcasts of many of these Division events online via the Film Screenings. The Library’s events can be viewed on the Library’s web portals. The Music Packard Campus Theater continued Library’s website. Division also presented a series its popular film screenings that of programs celebrating the 100th showcase the Library’s film, Ö loc.gov/events/ anniversary of Leonard Bernstein. television and recorded sound loc.gov/webcasts/ collections. The Library also Ö loc.gov/concerts/ screened films in the Pickford Concerts. Since 1925, the Theater of its Madison Building Library’s Coolidge Auditorium has Exhibitions. A major new exhibition, as part of the Concerts from the provided a venue for world-class “Baseball Americana,” explored Library of Congress music series, performers and world premieres baseball’s past and present and among other programs. For the of commissioned works. In fiscal how the game has forged a sense second straight year, the Library 2018, the Music Division’s Concert of community for players and hosted “LOC Summer Movies on Office presented a critically fans across the country. Other the Lawn,” a six-film series of

Promoting Creativity and Learning 29 screenings held on the Jefferson as part of the Georgian Papers The National Audio-Visual Building north lawn. Programme. Conservation Center (NAVCC) organized a three-day conference Lectures, Symposia, Poetry The American Folklife Center on audio archiving and preservation Readings. The selected events produced 16 concerts in in collaboration with the Audio highlighted below are a sampling its Homegrown series and Engineering Society. Over 200 of the many programs hosted by nine lectures in its Benjamin attendees from 20 countries the Library during the fiscal year. Botkin series. participated, and NAVCC staff members were integral to the In fiscal 2018, the Kluge Center The African and Middle Eastern program and panels. NAVCC also hosted a record 42 events Division engaged in outreach created a major public event with and welcomed 3,279 audience activities that gave the public the librarian of Congress that members. Top events included and researchers a deeper celebrated film treasures from the fourth Inouye Lecture, on understanding of the historical, the Library of Congress at the restoring the American dream, cultural and intellectual life in Academy of Motion Picture Arts and with E.J. Dionne and Ross Douthat; those regions. The division Sciences in Hollywood. Attendees a discussion of disinformation sponsored 62 public programs included film studio executives, film and the threat to democracy (including 20 presentations by preservation board members and with historian Anne Applebaum; outside speakers) and two major Academy dignitaries. a reception for the State of the international conferences, and Union for members of Congress; staff members delivered public The Rare Book and Special and a symposium co-hosted presentations at national and Collections Division organized a with the Omohundro Institute and international conferences. two-day symposium on the nature the Royal Archives at Windsor of scientific illustration, “Imagining

Johntá Austin performs at the annual ASCAP “We Write the Songs” concert in the Coolidge Auditorium. Shawn Miller

30 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress the Extraordinary: Scientific Illustration from the Renaissance to the Digital Age.” The event attracted more than 350 participants to the Library, including experts from NASA and the fields of astronomy, digital scholarship and neuroscience. The division also sponsored an ambitious program of public lectures, orientations and presentations that successfully reached over 3,000 people through more than 170 programs.

The Law Library hosted a conversation with U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Clarence Thomas as the 2018 Supreme Court Fellows Program annual lecture. The conversation was moderated by Gregory E. Maggs, a former law clerk for Thomas who recently had been confirmed as a judge for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces.

To commemorate Law Day, the Law Library on May 1 hosted American Bar Association President Hilarie Bass for a discussion of the importance of separation of powers in the U.S. Constitution. Bass was interviewed by Law Librarian of Congress Jane Sánchez. On Nov. 1, the Law Library hosted Jeremy Waldron of the School of Law for a lecture on the philosophical foundations of immigration law. The lecture was presented as the latest installment of the biennial Kellogg lecture, a series made possible through the generosity of Frederic R. and Molly S. Kellogg.

The U.S. Copyright Office engages in extensive outreach and promotes understanding and knowledge Top: U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas talks during a program in the of copyright through a number of Coolidge Auditorium. Middle: Giovanni Scaglione of the Quartetto di Cremona tunes initiatives. Since 2012, the Copyright a Stradivarius cello in the Great Hall before a concert. Bottom: Journalists discuss their work at a Copyright Matters event sponsored by the U.S. Copyright Office. Office has held 18 events through Shawn Miller its “Copyright Matters” lecture

Promoting Creativity and Learning 31 series, during which a number of external speakers—from lawmakers to artists and performers to legal experts—discuss copyright-related topics. Copyright Matters events are open to the public and often attended by congressional staff and those employed in copyright- related fields. On April 26, the Copyright Office hosted “Powering Change: Women in Innovation and Creativity,” a program held in recognition of World Intellectual Property Day.

The Copyright Office also works with officials throughout the world and participates in larger external events. From June 4–8, the Copyright Office hosted the biannual conference, the International Copyright Institute, which brings officials from developing countries to Washington, D.C., to hear from a cross section of experts from government, private industry and civil society and to participate in panel discussions focusing on international copyright harmonization and copyright law.

The African and Middle Eastern Division sponsored 62 public programs and two international conferences. Its staff members also delivered public presentations at national and international conferences. Kluge Prize recipient Drew Gilpin Faust speaks at her award ceremony in the The Hispanic Division presented 21 Great Hall. Shawn Miller public events, including the 25th presentation of the Americas Award for Children’s and Young Adult draws thousands of visitors to the facility available to the general Literature and a symposium on view the Library’s architecture, public. A power outage caused the Chilean Poetry with the Embassy tour its exhibitions and learn how winter open house to be moved of Chile, the University of Maryland to access its vast collections. The to Memorial Day. The Memorial Day and Georgetown University. fall open house on the Columbus open house drew 4,524 visitors. Day holiday drew 4,574 visitors Fiscal 2018 marked the 10th year Open Houses. Twice each year, to the Main Reading Room. The the Library has held the open the Library opens its magnificent Library’s Packard Campus in houses, which have drawn a total of Main Reading Room for a special Culpeper, Virginia, also held an open 75,402 visitors over that span. public open house. Each event house that day, making tours of

32 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Promoting Scholarship The Library is a catalyst for Kluge context to the many challenges promoting scholarship through we face in public life today.” the John W. Kluge Center and the Prize for American Folklife Center, which Faust is a renowned Civil offer fellowship opportunities in Achievement War historian and author of various disciplines and publications books such as “The Creation that showcase the Library’s in the Study of Confederate Nationalism: unparalleled collections. Ideology and Identity in the Civil of Humanity War South,” “Southern Stories: The John W. Kluge Center Slaveholders in Peace and The John W. Kluge Center was Librarian of Congress Carla War” and “Mothers of Invention: established in 2000 with a gift Hayden on Sept. 12 awarded Women of the Slaveholding South of $60 million from the late John the Library’s John W. Kluge in the American Civil War.” W. Kluge, Metromedia president Prize for Achievement in the and founding chair of the James Study of Humanity to Drew In 2018, she completed an Madison Council (the Library’s Gilpin Faust—historian, university 11-year tenure as president private-sector advisory group). The president and author of the of , where center’s goal is to bring the world’s Bancroft Prize-winning book she was credited with scholars to the Library to use the “This Republic of Suffering: Death fostering greater academic institution’s vast resources and and the American Civil War.” and operational collaboration; to interact with policymakers in opening Harvard’s community Washington. The $1 million prize, given to new and diverse populations; through the generosity of advancing the university’s During fiscal 2018, the Kluge the late John W. Kluge, was educational mission in the Center welcomed and supported bestowed during a ceremony in arts, sciences, engineering 75 scholars, 21 research interns the Great Hall before members and the humanities; placing and over 300 additional scholars of Congress and the James new emphasis on innovation in and congressional staff, who Madison Council, scholars and learning and interdisciplinary took part in public events and distinguished guests such as programs; expanding the private seminars, co-hosted with Transportation Secretary Elaine institution’s global footprint; partner organizations. The Kluge Chao and former Librarian of and modernizing governance Center also mounted a record 42 Congress James H. Billington, and administrative structures. events, welcomed 3,279 audience who established the Kluge members and averaged at least Center and the Kluge Prize. Faust called it a “signal 100 audience members per public honor” to receive the prize. event. The Kluge Prize recognizes individuals whose outstanding “The Library’s collections Ö loc.gov/kluge/ scholarship in the humanities have been essential to my and social sciences has shaped explorations of the history of American Folklife Center public affairs and civil society. the American South and the The American Folklife Center nation’s experience of Civil War,” was created in 1976 by Congress “Faust stands among the she said. The fact that the prize to “preserve and present most distinguished historians acknowledges achievement American folklife.” As the national of our generation,” Hayden in the study of humanity “is center for folklife scholarship, said in conferring the prize. a recognition that I could the center is responsible for “By granting us a greater scarcely have dreamed of.” research, documentation, archival understanding of our heritage, preservation, reference service, and some of the decisive ideas live performances, exhibitions, and conflicts that shaped it, publications and training. During her work continues to provide the year, the center continued

Promoting Creativity and Learning 33 to collect and document living fiscal 2018 were “America’s Greatest Madison, Wisconsin. In addition, traditional culture, while preserving Library: An Illustrated History of Ann Ferrell of Western Kentucky for the future its unparalleled the Library of Congress” by John University, Diane Goldstein of collections in the Library’s state-of- Y. Cole and “Drawn to Purpose: Indiana University, West Virginia the-art preservation facilities. American Women Illustrators and state folklorist Emily Hilliard and One of the center’s major initiatives Cartoonists” by Martha H. Kennedy. Charlotte Rogers of the University is the Veterans History Project, (See Appendix D, Publications) of Virginia were named recipients which was established by Congress of the Gerald E. and Corinne L. in 2000 to preserve the memories Ö loc.gov/publish/ Parsons Fund awards. Jamie Fox and artifacts of the nation’s loc.gov/shop/ of Hays, Montana, was named war veterans. recipient of the Henry Reed Library-appointed Fund award. Ö loc.gov/folklife/ Scholars and Fellows American Folklife Center. In fiscal Copyright Office Special Programs. Publications 2018, the American Folklife Center The U.S. Copyright Office hosted Each year, the Library publishes announced four researchers as fellows under the Barbara A. Ringer books, calendars and other printed recipients of its Archie Green Copyright Honors Program. Through products featuring its vast content. fellowships: Candacy Taylor of the Ringer program, developing Library publications in print can Denver, Colorado; Meredith A.E. lawyers who demonstrate be purchased in bookstores McGriff of Bloomington, Indiana; exceptional ability and interest in nationwide and from the Library Virginia Nickerson of Montpelier, copyright law have the opportunity Shop. Among the titles published in Vermont; and Charitie Hyman of to work closely with senior Copyright Office legal staff on domestic and international law and policy projects. The Ringer fellows for 2017–19 are Sarah Gersten and Emma Kleiner. Gersten and Kleiner began their two-year appointments in September 2017 and received assignments from multiple departments within the Copyright Office, including the Office of the Register, the Office of the General Counsel,the Office of Policy and International Affairs and the Office of Registration Policy and Practice.

Junior Fellows. The Internship and Fellowship Programs division managed the 2018 Junior Fellows program. Forty junior fellows were selected from more than 700 applicants around the nation to serve in divisions across the Library for a 10-week internship (May 29–Aug. 3). The fellows rated the experience as overwhelmingly positive, Clockwise from top: Participants and supervisors in the inaugural class of the new with 96 percent responding Librarians in Residence program; a Junior Fellows intern discusses his work at the that they would recommend the program’s annual display day; teacher in residence Matthew Poth leads students program to other students. through a lesson. Shawn Miller

34 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress The program is made possible by a generous gift from James Madison Council member Nancy Glanville Jewell through the Glanville Family Foundation and from the Knowledge Navigators Trust Fund, which was established with a lead gift from H.F. (Gerry) Lenfest, former chairman of the Madison Council, and with major support provided by members of the council. The program was originally made possible through the generosity of the late Mrs. Jefferson Patterson.

John W. Kluge Center Scholars. The Kluge Center attracts some of the world’s brightest minds to the Library, where they pursue humanities and social-science research. Kluge fellowship recipients, all of whom have received terminal advanced degrees within the past seven years, spend four to 11 months at the center, located in the Library’s Building.

In fiscal 2018, Martin Hilbert, William DeBuys, Adam Rothman was named national ambassador for young people’s literature, and Marvin Overby served as a position established in 2008 to emphasize the importance of literature to lifelong distinguished visiting scholars. literacy and the betterment of young people’s lives. Shawn Miller The following scholars served as distinguished chairs: Tahir Koussevitzky Commissions. Librarians in Residence Pilot Hemphill, Papamarkou chair in The Serge Koussevitzky Music Program. In fiscal 2018, the Library education; Gwendolyn Wright, Kluge Foundation in the Library awarded established a new program chair in modern culture; Henry commissions for new musical works designed to give early career Jenkins, Kluge chair in modern to six composers. The commissions librarians the opportunity to culture; Seth Masket, Kluge chair are granted jointly by the foundation gain meaningful work experience in American law and governance; and the organizations that will and receive mentoring from Lucianne Walkowicz, Blumberg present performances of the newly seasoned staff at the Library. chair in astrobiology; Ivan Krastev, composed works. Award winners The five residents were selected Kissinger chair in foreign policy and and the groups co-sponsoring their from a nationally recruited pool international relations; Kathleen commissions are Jérôme Combier drawn from the 53 American Kaveny, Maguire chair in ethics and and Argento New Music Project; Library Association-accredited American history; James Goldgeier, Georg Friedrich Haas and Third graduate programs, and they Library of Congress chair in U.S.- Coast Percussion; Yotam Haber and were required to have graduated Russia relations; and Stephen Collide-O-Scope Music; Juri Seo and within the past 18 months. The Houston, Jay I. Kislak chair for the the Argus Quartet; Diego Alberto inaugural class of residents were study of the history and cultures of Tedesco and Plural Ensemble of Kelsey Diemand of Middletown, the early Americas. Madrid; and Ricardo Zohn-Muldoon Connecticut; Zachary Fannin and Cygnus Ensemble. of Madison, Wisconsin; Amanda

Promoting Creativity and Learning 35 Tracy K. Smith was appointed to a second term as the Library’s 22nd poet laureate consultant in poetry. Shawn Miller

Jenkins of Saint Paul, Minnesota; consultant in poetry. Smith, a provides fellowships for research Hanna Soltys of St. Louis; and Pulitzer Prize-winning poet and a in the Library’s collections. Four Jon Sweitzer-Lamme of Durham, professor at Princeton University, applicants were awarded Swann North Carolina. is the author of three books of Fellowships to pursue research poetry, including “Life on Mars,” for the academic year 2017–18. National Ambassador for Young winner of the 2012 Pulitzer Prize They were Olivia Badoi, a doctoral People’s Literature. Four-time for Poetry; “Duende,” winner of candidate in English at Fordham Newbery Honor Medalist Jacqueline the 2006 James Laughlin Award University; Kelsey Gustin, a doctoral Woodson was named the sixth and the 2008 Essence Literary candidate in the history of art and national ambassador for young Award; and “The Body’s Question,” architecture at Boston University; people’s literature. The position winner of the Cave Canem Poetry Asli Menevse, a doctoral candidate was created in 2008 by the Prize. Smith also is the author of a in the history of art at Cornell Library of Congress, the Children’s memoir, “Ordinary Light,” a finalist University; and Erika Nelson Pazian, Book Council and Every Child a for the 2015 National Book Award. In a doctoral candidate in the history Reader to raise awareness of the her second term, Smith expanded of art at New York University. importance of young people’s her outreach efforts to rural literature as it relates to lifelong communities and unveiled a new Teacher in Residence. The Library literacy, education and the anthology, “American Journal: Fifty recruits educators to work with development and betterment Poems for Our Time.” its Educational Outreach team to of the lives of young people. help teachers and school librarians Swann Fellows. The Caroline incorporate its digitized primary Poet Laureate. Tracy K. Smith was and Erwin Swann Foundation sources into the classroom. Each appointed to a second term as for Caricature and Cartoon, teacher in residence undertakes the Library’s 22nd poet laureate administered by the Library, a project to benefit his or her

36 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress National Book Festival

Tens of thousands of book lovers happily escaped heavy humidity and threatening skies to lose themselves in books of all kinds at the 18th annual National Book Festival—presidential histories, memoirs, graphic novels, spy thrillers, illustrated children’s stories, popular science, poetry and more.

The festival, held Sept. 1 at the Walter E. Washington Convention Center, featured presentations The 2018 book festival featured more than 110 authors, including U.S. Supreme by more than 110 authors— Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor. Shawn Miller including U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor, who proved a festival favorite, judging explorations by Pulitzer-winning Geographic and Scholastic Inc. by the crowds and the standing historians of leadership (Doris were Contributors. ovation they delivered. Kearns Goodwin) and the soul of America (Jon Meacham). In the Friends category were On the Main Stage, Sotomayor AARP, Booklovers Circle Members, launched two new books for Annie Proulx, author of the Bookshare—a Benetech Initiative, young readers: “The Beloved Pulitzer Prize-winning novel Buffy Cafritz, the Marshall B. World of Sonia Sotomayor,” a “The Shipping News,” also Coyne Foundation Inc., Joseph middle-school adaptation of her received the Library of Congress and Lynn Deutsch, the Dollar memoir, and “Turning Pages: My Prize for American Fiction. General Literacy Foundation, the Life Story,” a children’s picture Harper Lee Prize for Legal Fiction book published simultaneously in The festival was made possible administered by the University English and Spanish. through the support of private- of Alabama School of Law, the and public-sector sponsors who Hay-Adams, the Junior League of Sotomayor was one of 13 authors share the Library’s commitment Washington, the Leon Levy Center to launch new books at the to reading and literacy, led for Biography (CUNY), the Library festival—the most in festival history. by National Book Festival co- of Congress Federal Credit Union, Chairman David M. Rubenstein. the J.J. Medveckis Foundation, Over the course of 10 hours, the Mensa Foundation, Timothy the festival offered a former Charter Sponsors were the and Diane Naughton, Pizza Hut secretary of state discussing Institute of Museum and Library BOOK IT! Program, Reading Is the legacy of fascism (Madeleine Services, Fundamental, Small Press Expo Albright); a Pulitzer Prize-winning and Wells Fargo. Patron sponsors (SPX), Split This Rock and Whittle historian talking about his new were the James Madison Council, School and Studios. work on Ulysses S. Grant (Ron the National Endowment for the Chernow); a celebration of the Arts and the National Endowment Media Partners included 20th anniversary of Harry Potter for the Humanities. PBS was C-SPAN2’s Book TV, the New York (illustrator Brian Selznick); and a Champion sponsor. National Times, NPR and PBS Books.

Promoting Creativity and Learning 37 home school or district to be in books and reading.” A public- the United States and abroad that implemented during the following private partnership, the center have made significant contributions academic year. During fiscal 2018, sponsors educational programs to combating illiteracy. The awards the Library hosted its first world that reach readers of all ages originated and are sponsored by history teacher in residence, through its affiliated state centers, David M. Rubenstein, philanthropist Matthew Poth of Virginia. Poth collaborations with nonprofit and major donor to the Library. authored or co-authored several reading promotion partners and The award recipients in fiscal 2018 articles for education publications, through the Young Readers Center were Reading Is Fundamental, wrote blog posts, presented and Poetry and Literature Center winner of the $150,000 David at conferences, partnered with at the Library of Congress. The M. Rubenstein Prize; East Side the Library’s Young Readers Center center also maintains and updates Community School of New York City, on multiple initiatives and explored the Library’s literacy-promotion winner of the $50,000 American the possibilities of 3D scanning website, Read.gov, and manages Prize; and Instituto Pedagógico and printing associated with the authors’ program for the para Problemas del Lenguaje of Library collections. National Book Festival. Mexico City, winner of the $50,000 International Prize. Promoting Lifelong In collaboration with the Children’s Learning Book Council (CBC) and the CBC During the year, the center reprised In addition to its fellowships, Foundation, and with support from its national project Letters About research services and collections publishers, the center sponsors Literature, which inspires young access, the Library of Congress the National Ambassador for Young people to write about how books promotes lifelong learning and People’s Literature. Jacqueline have changed their lives. literacy through its Center for Woodson was inaugurated as the Book and K-12 educational ambassador on Jan. 4, 2018, a The Poetry and Literature Center, outreach efforts, which assist tenure that continues through which fosters and enhances the the nation’s teachers in engaging January 2020. public’s appreciation of literature, students through the use of primary is the home of the poet laureate resources in the classroom. The Center for the Book continued consultant in poetry. In March 2018, its responsibility for administering Tracy K. Smith was appointed to Center for the Book the Library of Congress Literacy a second term as poet laureate. The Library’s Center for the Book Awards for the program’s sixth year. During her second year, Smith was established by Congress in The awards recognize and support expanded her outreach efforts to 1977 to “stimulate public interest organizations and institutions in rural communities and unveiled a

Left: NBC Washington meteorologist Sheena Parveen leads a presentation about weather for children in the Jefferson Building. Right: Children and parents attend a story time event in the Young Readers Center. Shawn Miller

38 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress new anthology, “American Journal: colleagues inside and outside the The Library’s website for teachers, Fifty Poems for Our Time.” Library to facilitate a full-day music loc.gov/teachers, remains an active education symposium, a teaching hub for its educator audience. Ö read.gov with music-related primary sources The site, which provides teacher loc.gov/poetry/ workshop for 25 educators and resources on a wide range of a one-day training session for 12 topics as well as free professional Educational Outreach Einstein fellows. development, was visited over 5 The mission of the Educational million times in fiscal 2018. Outreach and Young Readers Center The TPS-managed Twitter account unit is to inform, inspire and engage for the Library’s K–12 audience Educational Outreach continued learners. Learners include visitors (@TeachingLC) enables the Library to address the needs of the to the Young Readers Center— to promote its materials and growing tablet-based educational children, parents, caregivers and programs to the nation’s educators community by offering free educators—as well as classroom and students and to develop educational e-books, the Student teachers and students who may original teaching activities for Discovery Sets. These interactive never visit the Library. the medium. By the end of fiscal e-books allow students to draw 2018, the account had over 33,000 on, analyze and explore primary Through its Teaching with Primary followers, increasing its audience sources from Library collections. Sources (TPS) program, the Library over the previous fiscal year by The Library’s teacher e-books provides educators across the 15 percent. have been downloaded more than grade spectrum and the curriculum 113,000 times. with high-quality professional- The Educational Outreach team development programs and published 105 posts on its Teaching Through the Young Readers classroom materials. These with the Library of Congress blog, Center, the Library provides its opportunities and tools help them promoting practical strategies youngest visitors and their parents, effectively use primary sources for effective use of the Library’s caregivers and teachers with from the Library’s digital collections online collections and highlighting on-site and online opportunities in their teaching. In fiscal 2018, collection items that are well-suited to connect with the Library, its TPS consortium members and for classroom use. The blog collections and the larger literary Educational Outreach staff engaged was visited over 187,000 times world. In fiscal 2018, the center’s nearly 10,000 teachers in face- in fiscal 2018 and has more than staff and volunteers welcomed over to-face and online programs in 30,473 subscribers. 50,000 visitors. 329 congressional districts. More than 72,069 teachers viewed and/ or downloaded online curricula or apps/online interactives developed by consortium partners.

In fiscal 2018, Educational Outreach staff members offered five weeklong Summer Teacher Institutes at the Library. Educators from diverse educational settings— library/media specialists, classroom teachers, school administrators and curriculum developers—participated. The 128 participants hailed from 33 states, the District of Columbia, Kenya and the Netherlands. Educational Outreach staff also worked in partnership with Educators attend a Teaching with Primary Sources workshop. Shawn Miller

Promoting Creativity and Learning 39 CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT

40 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Opposite: Tony Bennett, recipient of the Library of Congress Gershwin Prize for Popular Song, Through its programs, awards performs at a concert staged in his honor at Constitution Hall. and prizes, the Library promotes Shawn Miller excellence and honors achievement in the scholarly and creative communities.

Throughout the year, the Library Pulitzer Prize-winning novel “The Zuri Kenyatte, Anacostia of Congress celebrates the Shipping News” and the short story Neighborhood Library, who achievements of the nation’s “Brokeback Mountain.” wrote about “Lucky Broken Girl” creative and scholarly communities. by Ruth Behar. The Library also recognizes A Book That Shaped Me the accomplishments of its Summer Writing Contest FEDLINK Awards staff members. The Library’s A Book That Shaped FEDLINK serves federal libraries Me summer writing contest, part and information centers as their Library of Congress of the Library’s National Book purchasing, training and resource- Prizes and Awards Festival, asks rising fifth- and sixth- sharing consortium. Each year, The Library sponsors privately graders to reflect on a book that FEDLINK presents the winners of endowed programs that honor has made a personal impact on its national awards for federal achievement in the humanities. their lives. Launched in 2012 with librarianship, which recognize Through these awards and prizes, the D.C. Public Library, the contest the innovative ways federal the world’s greatest repository expanded to include public libraries libraries, librarians and library of human creativity honors in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware, technicians fulfill the information those who have advanced and Pennsylvania and West Virginia. demands of government, business, embodied the ideals of individuality, Local libraries offered the contest scholars and the public. The conviction, dedication, scholarship as part of their summer reading winners, who were announced and lifelong learning. programs. The 2018 winners were: May 1 at the Library, were:

Ö loc.gov/about/awards-and- First Place Grand Prize and Large Library/Information Center of honors/ Pennsylvania State Winner: the Year: The U.S. Army Engineer Tyler Williams, Spring City Free Research and Development Center Library of Congress Prize Library, who wrote about the Harry Library at Vicksburg, Mississippi, for American Fiction Potter series by J.K. Rowling. was recognized for modernizing its The prize honors an American knowledge-management services literary writer whose body of Second Place Grand Prize and by collecting, digitizing and making work is distinguished not only for Virginia State Winner: rare knowledge products of the U.S. its mastery of the art but also Aria Patnaik, Reston Regional Army Corps of Engineers visible to for its originality of thought and Library, who wrote about “One for common search engines. imagination. The Library awarded the Murphys” by Lynda Mullay Hunt. the prize to Annie Proulx at the Small Library/Information Center of National Book Festival on Sept. 1, Third Place Grand Prize and the Year: The U.S. Environmental 2018. Proulx is the author of the Washington, D.C., Winner: Protection Agency (EPA) Library

Celebrating Achievement 41 at Research Triangle Park, North Harper Lee Prize the Paul Rudolph Trust. The 2018 Carolina, was honored for its The Harper Lee Prize is awarded prize was awarded to the team of service as one of the lead libraries annually to a published work of Tenzin Nyandak and Grace Meloy, within EPA’s National Library fiction that best illuminates the led by Ashley Wilson of the National Network. The library’s staff of five role of lawyers in society and their Trust for Historic Preservation, served a campus of 2,000 and power to effect change. The award for their survey drawing of Daniel maintained an overall positive ceremony has been traditionally Chester French’s studio. Honorable customer-service rating of held at the Library to coincide mention was given to the student 98.8 percent. with the kick-off celebration for team of Stephan Umierski and Dylan the National Book Festival. On Sylvestor for their survey drawing Federal Librarian of the Year: Aug. 30, 2018, the Law Library of the DeMarco House designed by Edward J. Poletti, chief of learning and the Harper Prize sponsor, the renowned architect Fay Jones. resources at the John L. McClellan University of Alabama School of Memorial Veterans Hospital in Little Law, celebrated the award winner, Letters About Literature Rock, Arkansas, was recognized author CE Tobisman, and her More than 46,800 young readers for his dedication to working on winning book, “Proof.” from across the country behalf of federal medical librarians participated in the 2017–18 Letters to ensure that others, especially Leicester B. Holland Prize About Literature competition, administrators, are aware of the The Holland Prize recognizes the sponsored by the Library’s Center value these librarians contribute to best single-sheet, measured for the Book. Open to students patient quality of care. drawing of a historic building, in grades four through 12, the site or structure prepared to the competition challenges young Federal Library Technician of standards of the Historic American people to write letters to their the Year: Ozella Lee Gates of Buildings Survey, Historic American favorite authors explaining how the Eisenhower Army Medical Engineering Record or the Historic their works changed their lives. Command in Fort Gordon, American Landscapes Survey. National winners and runners- Georgia, was recognized for her The prize is administered by the up were chosen from each of commitment to providing library Heritage Documentation Programs the three competition levels: services to a multitude of medical of the National Park Service and Level 1 (grades four–six), Level 2 center customers. She served as the Center for Architecture, Design (grades seven and eight) and the library’s only reference services and Engineering in the Library’s Level 3 (grades nine and 10). provider and offered advanced Prints and Photographs Division, The national winners were: reference and literatures searches. which supports the prize through

Left: Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden (left) presents Annie Proulx with the Library’s Prize for American Fiction. Right: Judy Schneider of CRS received the Democracy Awards Lifetime Achievement Award for congressional staff. Shawn Miller

42 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Gershwin Prize For Popular Song

Tony Bennett left his heart in San Francisco and, in November, won hearts at Constitution Hall.

The Library of Congress on Nov. 15, 2017, bestowed its Gershwin Prize for Popular Song on the beloved 91-year-old singer who, over a seven-decade career, sold tens of millions of records, won 19 Grammy Awards, collaborated with performers across genres and generations, introduced legions of new fans to old classics and earned the lifelong affection of music lovers everywhere.

“I can’t even describe how I feel— Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden presents Tony Bennett with the Gershwin Prize what a wonderful night for me,” for Popular Song. Shawn Miller Bennett said in accepting the prize. “I’ve performed all over the Trumpeter Wynton Marsalis then Kevin Yoder, then presented world, but this is the best night took the stage to pay tribute to Bennett with the Gershwin Prize. I’ve ever felt on the stage. Thank Tony Bennett, citizen—the civil rights “Tony Bennett has connected you for being so wonderful.” activist who participated in the with audiences of all ages and Selma to Montgomery marches, bridged generations through his With actor Bruce Willis serving the mentor to younger performers, music,” Hayden said. “He has as host, singers and musicians the music educator whose Exploring given us music that lasts and celebrated Bennett’s legacy with the Arts organization supports continues to be relevant and performances of songs most arts education in 33 schools. meaningful, generation after associated with him: “Cold, Cold generation—music that thrills our Heart” (Lukas Nelson), “The Savion Glover, a Tony Award-winning hearts each time we hear it.” Very Thought of You” (Michael choreographer once described as Bublé), “The Best is Yet to Come” the “best tap dancer that ever lived,” Bennett closed the evening (Vanessa Williams), “Old Devil stepped in for “Steppin’ Out,” a with performances of Gershwin Moon” (Josh Groban on vocals song-and-dance duet with Williams, tunes “They All Laughed” and and Chris Botti on trumpet), followed by a solo performance “Our Love is Here to Stay” and “They Can’t Take That Away From from Stevie Wonder of “If I Ruled his signature song, “I Left My Me” (Gloria Estefan), “Just in Time” the World” and a Wonder-Estefan Heart in San Francisco.” (Brian Stokes Mitchell), “For Once duet on “What a Wonderful World.” in My Life” (Wé McDonald), “You “You’re beautiful,” Bennett told Don’t Know What Love Is” (Botti), Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden, the audience after the last of “Embraceable You” (Michael accompanied by Sen. Patrick J. many standing ovations. The Feinstein), “The Good Life” Leahy and Reps. Gregg Harper, fans gathered at Constitution Hall (Mitchell) and “Smile” (Groban). Kevin McCarthy, Nancy Pelosi and more than returned the feeling.

Celebrating Achievement 43 Level 1: Akosua Haynes of the Library of Congress 6–12th-grade Title I public school , Illinois, wrote to Literacy Awards seek to reward in New York City. The school Margot Lee Shetterly, author of organizations that have done has created and sustained an “Hidden Figures: The Story of the exemplary, innovative and easily independent reading program African-American Women Who replicable work over a sustained in which students read, on Helped Win the Space Race.” period of time to promote literacy average, over 40 books a year in the United States and abroad. to improve literacy skills and Level 2: Rylee Paige Johnson of The 2018 winners were: foster a love of reading. Hoffman Estates, Illinois, wrote to Gabrielle Zevin, David M. Rubenstein Prize ($150,000) International Prize ($50,000) author of “Elsewhere.” Washington, D.C.-based Reading Instituto Pedagógico para Is Fundamental works to create Problemas del Lenguaje of Mexico Level 3: Malavika Kannan of Oviedo, a literate America by inspiring City is a nonprofit organization Florida, wrote to Kurt Vonnegut Jr., a passion for reading among all founded 50 years ago dedicated author of “Slaughterhouse-Five.” children. The organization, founded to supporting deaf children in 1966, has distributed over 415 and children with language and Ö Read.gov/letters/ million books and affected the lives learning disabilities, primarily of more than 40 million children. from impoverished families, Literacy Awards through educational programs Created and sponsored by The American Prize ($50,000) and after-school support. philanthropist David M. Rubenstein, East Side Community School is a

The Library’s Lola Pyne (second from right) honors winners of the A Book That Shaped Me summer writing contest. Shawn Miller

44 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress National Collegiate Book Collecting National Film “Memento” The Library’s Center for the Book (2000) and its Rare Book and Special Registry Collections Division, along with the “Only Angels Have Wings” Antiquarian Booksellers’ Association 2017 Additions (1939) of America, the Fellowship of American Bibliographic Societies The Sinking of the Lusitania and the Grolier Club, announced “Ace in the Hole” (1918) the 2018 winners of the National (1951) Collegiate Book Collecting contest. “Spartacus” The contest is made possible with “Boulevard Nights” (1960) support from the Jay I. Kislak (1979) Foundation. The 2018 winners were: “Superman” “Die Hard” (1978) First Prize: Samuel Vincent (1988) Lemley, University of Virginia, “Thelonious Monk: Straight, No “Biblioteca Genealogica: “Dumbo” Chaser” Sicilian Printing, 1704-1893.” (1941) (1988)

Second Prize: Paul T. Schwennesen, “Field of Dreams” “Time and Dreams” University of Kansas, “Borderlands: (1989) (1976) A Manifesto on Overlap.” “4 Little Girls” “Titanic” Third Prize: Hanaa J. Masalmeh, (1997) (1997) Harvard University, “Far From the Eyes, Far From the Heart: My Life Fuentes Family Home Movies “To Sleep with Anger” as a Syrian-American Muslim.” Collection (1990) (1920s-1930s) Essay Winner: Ena Selimovic, “Wanda” Washington University in St. “Gentleman’s Agreement” (1971) Louis, “Ja, Ben, I, Je: A Book (1947) Collection in Translation.” “With the Abraham Lincoln “The Goonies” Brigade in Spain” Network Library Awards (1985) (1938) The National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped “Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner” (NLS) created the Network Library (1967) Awards in 2005. A committee of librarians and consumer- “He Who Gets Slapped” organization representatives selects (1924) finalists from among nominated libraries based on mission support, Interior New York Subway, 14th creativity, innovation in providing Street to 42nd Street service and demonstrated reader (1905) satisfaction. The winner is selected by the NLS director. In fiscal 2018, “La Bamba” the Colorado Talking Book Library (1987) in Denver received the Regional Library of the Year Award. The “Lives of Performers” braille and talking books program (1972) at Taylor Community Library in

Celebrating Achievement 45 Proceedings of the United Nations “New Sounds in Electronic Music” National Conference on International Steve Reich, Richard Maxfield, Organization Pauline Oliveros (1967) Recording (April 25–June 26, 1945) “An Evening with Groucho” Registry “Folk Songs of the Hills” Groucho Marx (1972) Merle Travis (1946) 2017 Additions “Rumours” “How I Got Over” Fleetwood Mac (1977) Clara Ward and the “Ace in the Hole” Ward Singers (1950) “The Gambler” “Dream Melody Intermezzo: Kenny Rogers (1978) Naughty Marietta” “(We’re Gonna) Rock Around the Victor Herbert and his Clock” “Le Freak” Orchestra (1911) Bill Haley and His Comets (1954) Chic (1978)

Standing Rock Preservation “Calypso” “Footloose” Recordings Harry Belafonte (1956) Kenny Loggins (1984) George Herzog and members of the Yanktoni Tribe (1928) “I Left My Heart in San Francisco” “Raising Hell” Tony Bennett (1962) Run-DMC (1986) “Lamento Borincano” Canario y Su Grupo (1930) “King Biscuit Time” (radio) “Rhythm Is Gonna Get You” Sonny Boy Williamson II Gloria Estefan and the Miami “Sitting on Top of the World” and others (1965) Sound Machine (1987) Mississippi Sheiks (1930) “My Girl” “Yo-Yo Ma Premieres Concertos The Complete Beethoven Piano The Temptations (1964) for Violoncello and Orchestra” Sonatas Various (1996) Artur Schnabel (1932–35) “The Sound of Music” (soundtrack) Various (1965) “If I Didn’t Care” The Ink Spots “Alice’s Restaurant Massacree” (1939) Arlo Guthrie (1967)

Taylor, Michigan, received the congressman praised Dorn Judy Schneider, specialist on the Subregional Library/Advisory for “her distinguished service Congress in the Congressional and Outreach Center of the and extensive contributions Research Service’s Government and Year Award. The awards were to the Library of Congress” for Finance Division, was the recipient presented at a luncheon in the more than a half-century. of the Congressional Management Jefferson Building on May 17. Foundation’s inaugural Democracy Each year, a Congressional Awards Lifetime Achievement Library Staff Recognition Research Service staff member Award for congressional staff. Georgette Dorn, retiring chief of the receives the Director’s Award for Schneider also received the William Hispanic Division, was recognized providing outstanding service to E. “Eph” Creswell Congressional with a tribute presented by U.S. Congress. The recipient of the 2018 Staff Leadership Award. Representative José Serrano that Director’s Award was Gene Falk, was read into the Congressional a specialist in social policy in the Opposite: A visitor views the Main Reading Room from among the statues Record on Sept. 28, 2018. The Domestic Social Policy Division. located on the mezzanine. Shawn Miller

46 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS

47 Organizational Chart

Office of the Librarian Office of the Chief Office of the Chief Operating Officer Information Officer Office of Office of the Strategic Planning Edward R. Jablonski Bernard A. Barton Jr. Communications Chief of Staff & Performance and External Ryan Ramsey Management Chief Operating Chief Information Relations Chief of Staff Officer Officer Roswell Encina Chief Financial Officer Digital Strategy Congressional Relations Chief Contracts & Grants IT Governance Office Communications Management IT Financial Management Officer Development Office Human Resources IT Quality & Performance EEO & Diversity Office of the Services Management Communications Programs General Counsel Integrated Support IT Design & Development Multimedia Group Services IT Partner Engagement Security & Emergency IT Service Operations Preparedness

Office of the Copyright Inspector General Carla Hayden Royalty Board Librarian of Congress J. Mark Sweeney Principal Deputy Librarian of Congress

Congressional Law Library Library Services National & U.S. Copyright Research Service Jane Sanchez Joseph Puccio International Office Mary B. Mazanec Law Librarian (Acting) Associate Outreach Karyn A. Temple Director of Congress Librarian for Library Jane McAuliffe (Acting) U.S. Register Services Director of Copyrights and Deputy Director Administrative Director Operations Chief Operating Officer Administrative Operations Operations External Relations Acquisitions & Chief Financial Officer National Enterprises Bibliographic Access Congressional Global Legal Collections Chief of Operations National Programs Collections & Services Information & Global Legal Research General Counsel Scholarly & Educational Publishing Preservation Programs Copyright Modernization Counselor to Policy & International the Director Affairs American Law Public Information Domestic Social Policy & Education Foreign Affairs, Public Records Defense & Trade & Repositories Government & Registration Policy Finance & Practice Knowledge Services Resources, Science & Industry

48 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Organizational Reports journals, film, artwork, microfilm reports for executive- and judicial- and electronic books and branch agencies, the U.S. bar and documents. The magnitude and members of the public around the maintenance of such a unique world. The Law Library answered collection brings great challenges 18,654 inquiries in its reading room, LAW to the development and daily on the phone or electronically. Its administration of the collection Public Services Division answered while maintaining it for the benefit a total of 3,680 inquiries through of the nation and the world. As Ask-a-Librarian, the Library’s virtual the need for this information reference service. The Law Library LIBRARY and expertise grows and new also provided 173 seminars and technologies emerge, the Law orientations on legal and legislative Library continues to acquire and research for 5,260 participants. maintain appropriate staffing to meet its responsibilities. In fiscal 2018, the Law Library increased online access to digitized Jane Sánchez, the 25th law law collection materials, including Established by Congress in librarian of Congress, manages the 22 volumes of the US Statutes at 1832, the primary mission of operation and policy administration Large for the 68th through 81st the Law Library of Congress is of the Law Library. Congresses (vols. 43–64, 1923– to provide Congress with timely, 1950) and 1,416 case findings innovative and high-quality foreign, In fiscal 2018, the Law Library of the National Transportation comparative, international and prepared 395 legal research Safety Board. U.S. law research support and reports, special studies and written reports. memoranda for the legislative The Law Library expanded its use of branch, of which 332 were social networking. Twitter followers To accomplish that, the Law responses to congressional increased to 69,800. The Twitter Library has assembled a staff of inquiries. Foreign law specialists account @Congressdotgov grew to experienced foreign and American- provided members of Congress 53,900 followers. The Law Library’s trained lawyers and law librarians with reports related to many Facebook page followers reached to interpret complex and dynamic timely U.S. legislative issues, 38,000 friends, and the Law Library legal issues for all three branches including regulation of continued to offer RSS feeds and of government, including the judicial cryptocurrency around the world; email alerts to notify subscribers and executive branch agencies. alternative sentencing in the about selected resources, countries with Muslim-dominant upcoming events and training. The Requested work products are population; maritime laws and Law Library’s blog, In Custodia Legis, dependent on expert staff that rely interdiction of narcotics in the published 172 posts and recorded on the Law Library’s collection of Caribbean; national laws related 626,358 page views. domestic, foreign and international to enforcing sanctions against legal material—at 2,954,200 North Korea; standards for air The Global Legal Monitor, a volumes, the world’s largest. pollution; regulation of lead continually updated online Approximately 60 percent of the concentration in paint; laws publication covering legal news holdings are foreign and, often, on religious animal slaughter; and developments worldwide, unique and unavailable in their and data localization laws. received 781,148 page views original countries. for the year. The Guide to Law Many of the Law Library’s reports Online, an annotated portal of At the same time, staff are are available to the public on the Internet sources of interest to responsible for developing the Law Library’s website, law.gov. legal researchers, had 759,798 collection for 300 legal systems page views. Both resources and jurisdictions, U.S. states In addition to its service to are accessible on the Law and territories in all formats: Congress, the Law Library prepared Library’s website. books, serials, manuscripts, 1,270 research or reference

Organizational Reports 49 Organizational Reports LIBRARY SERVICES

Library Services performs many heavy administrative load of copyright-deposit transfer. of the traditional functions of the Collections and Services For the first time, copyright a national library: building the Directorate by dividing its units transfer e-serial issues (95,716) national collection, providing good between two smaller directorates outnumbered copyright transfer stewardship for the collections, of approximately equal scale, print serial issues (71,376). creating and managing metadata the General and International about the collections and sharing Collections Directorate and the Major activities of the Collections the national collection with a wide Special Collections Directorate. In and Services Directorate included variety of users. addition, the Packard Campus was the development of Library to report directly to the associate collections in all languages, subject The units that comprise Library librarian for Library Services. areas (except law) and formats; Services are organized within four maintaining primary stewardship, directorates: Acquisitions and The Acquisitions and Bibliographic inventory control and security Bibliographic Access, Collections Access Directorate selectively for nearly 150 million general and and Services, Preservation, acquires materials for all collections special collection items at the and Technology Policy. More managed by Library Services Library’s Capitol Hill buildings and than 30 divisions constitute and the Law Library of Congress; one off-site facility; providing these directorates, along with catalogs print and digital resources access to those collections overseas offices in Cairo, Jakarta, in all languages; trains Library of through 17 research centers on Islamabad, Nairobi, New Delhi and Congress staff and colleagues Capitol Hill and via the internet; Rio de Janeiro. In addition, the in the library community; and and coordinating collection-based Collection Development Office, the leads a wide range of standards digitization projects to increase Packard Campus for Audio-Visual and leadership initiatives in public access to materials of high Conservation and the American cataloging and acquisitions. The research value. Highlights included Folklife Center (which oversees the directorate continued to lead the the processing of more than 2.3 Veterans History Project) are within library community in developing million special-format items. In Library Services. BIBFRAME, which provides a addition, the production of 4.37 foundation for the future of million master digital files expanded During fiscal 2018, in an effort to bibliographic description. In fiscal online access to collections. achieve greater administrative 2018, the directorate completed Acquisitions activities were efficiency, a reorganization 236,584 new bibliographic records particularly robust, encompassing was planned, which would for the Library’s online catalog. outstanding materials such as go into effect Oct. 1, 2018. A The directorate also accelerated the Stephen A. Geppi Comic major goal of this work was the its program to process born- Art Collection; the Pearl Harbor reduction of the disproportionally digital materials acquired through damage-assessment map

50 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress prepared to brief Emperor Hirohito; collections space management, catalog. It also provides workstation the Hamady Perishable Press collections maintenance and stack hardware and software support Archives; valuable Hispanic and management. This staff and the and coordinates analog to digital LGBTQ collections; and 1.75 million Architect of the Capitol played a conversion of collection materials; pages for the Chronicling America key role in the October opening of manages the Library’s web- newspaper resource. Fort Meade Module 5 and in the harvesting program; and supports planning and design for the future the acquisition and management The Preservation Directorate Fort Meade Module 6. Congress of digital collections content supports the Library’s mission generously fully funded this module, through technical guidelines and through the assessment and which will hold approximately 1.8 assistance to Library staff. In treatment of collections using million books and over 100,000 January 2018, in order to better technologies, practices and containers of special-format align critical functions and core procedures known to reduce risks collections, constituting substantial activities, a realignment merged to these materials. During the year, progress in addressing the Library’s Library Services’ Administrative the directorate performed over long-term collection-storage and Services Office and its Technology 10 million preservation actions preservation requirements. CMD Policy Directorate, creating a on items in the Library’s physical also coordinated preparatory work Library Services Office of the Chief collections of books, serials, prints, to vacate the interim storage in the Operating Officer. photographs, audiovisual and other Landover Center. items. Over 8 million files were During the fiscal year, the Veterans digitally copied from obsolescent On Oct. 27, 2017, a ceremony History Project expanded its media and transferred to the celebrated the opening of Fort collecting efforts in three outreach Library’s digital repository system Meade Module 5. By the end of priorities: the House Administration for archiving. the fiscal year, the total number Committee’s Wounded Warrior of trackable items housed off-site Fellowship Program, Gold Star During the fiscal year, a at Fort Meade and Cabin Branch Families and Native American reorganization resulted in the was 6,584,287. veterans. VHP also opened a new creation of a new Collections information center, located on Management Division (CMD) to The Technology Policy Directorate the ground floor of the Thomas better align with Library Services coordinates information-technology Jefferson Building, which enabled goals for access services and policy and operations for Library the expansion of outreach activities collection management. CMD was Services and supports information and significantly enhanced VHP’s formed to focus on inventory systems, most notably, the Library’s ability to introduce its collections to management, collections security, integrated library system and online online and on-site visitors.

Left: Visitors explore the Main Reading Room. Right: FutureBridge participants take part in a training session. Shawn Miller

Organizational Reports 51 Organizational Reports CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Reauthorization Act and the consultation with the CRS director, Federal Aviation Administration to establish and maintain a public CRS provides Reauthorization Act. website containing CRS reports. On Sept. 18, 2018, the public website Congress with Experts worked closely with launched with more than 600 lawmakers to address a variety reports, with all new or updated authoritative, of issues that emerged over the reports to be added as they are course of the year, including shifting made available to Congress. objective and trade policy approaches by the new presidential administration, the The CRS website for Congress, nonpartisan confirmation of a new Supreme CRS.gov, drew approximately Court justice, federal emergency- 1.5 million views, including more research and management challenges brought than 560,000 views of the service’s about by multiple severe natural reports and general-distribution analysis. disasters and the growing opioid products. The service made The Congressional Research Service crisis. Highlights of the service’s available to congressional clients (CRS) serves Congress with the work in foreign affairs included nearly 9,000 new products, product highest quality of research, analysis, analysis on Russia and sanctions updates and bill summaries. CRS information and confidential policy, North Korea and nuclear hosted seminars, institutes and consultation, in support of and ballistic missile threats, training programs attended by Congress’ legislative, oversight and and the Iran nuclear agreement and 8,600 congressional participants. representational duties. U.S. decision to withdraw from it. CRS supplemented its CRS continued with plans to In fiscal 2018, CRS supported analytical support on these issues modernize the Constitution of Congress during all stages of the with guidance on the legislative the United States of America: legislative process and across a process and administrative Analysis and Interpretation broad array of public policy issues, rulemaking, as well as the annual (CONAN). CONAN documents including the federal budget and appropriations resources. in an objective, authoritative appropriations, environmental and nonpartisan manner how regulation, immigration and federal For the first time in the service’s constitutional interpretations and land management. The service more than 100 years, CRS reports applications have evolved over assisted Congress as it worked became directly available online time. CRS reorganized and updated to reauthorize the Farm Bill, the to the public. The Consolidated CONAN and developed content Higher Education Act, the Pandemic Appropriations Act of 2018 directed and planned production of a new and All-Hazards Preparedness the librarian of Congress, in CONAN website, coming in 2019.

52 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress With the initial year of funding frequently used or unique materials stakeholders are working toward provided in the Consolidated to improve accessibility. Additionally, common goals, establish agreement Appropriations Act 2018, and in CRS began development of around intended outcomes collaboration with the Library, CRS divisional intranets and portals. and assess and adjust the moved ahead with modernizing organization’s direction in response its information technology CRS continues to examine its to a changing environment. CRS systems. The Integrated Research organizational enterprise to ensure also began or continued several Information System (IRIS) will it is properly aligned to meet initiatives in the areas of human leverage the latest advances in Congress’ needs. In fiscal 2018, the resources management, technology, web-based technologies to provide service engaged in strategic and knowledge management, an agile and flexible infrastructure directional planning to set priorities, policies and guidelines, and that will enable efficient plug- focus resources, strengthen communications. and-play of technologies for rapid operations, ensure that staff and deployment and use by CRS staff and Congress. The new system will improve efficiency and support innovation in CRS operations, while continuing to protect the security and confidentiality of congressional data. A contract for this system was awarded at the end of fiscal 2018.

The service also embarked on a knowledge-management initiative to preserve tacit knowledge gained from years of experience in serving Congress. A major accomplishment under this initiative included the development of the CRS Research Portal, which consolidates important research materials and documented best practices that analysts used to respond to selected policy issues. Other Congressional Research Service employees discuss issues in the Hart Senate Office activities included the digitization of Building. Shawn Miller

Organizational Reports 53 Organizational Reports OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN

The Office of the Librarian in fiscal The Development Office led Library divisions and programs, year 2018 provided leadership to efforts to develop and maintain a including major exhibitions, new the Library, including providing strong giving base at the Library online collections and annual executive management to the of Congress. The Library raised announcements and events. The Library service units, chairing the approximately $9 million for Library office issued approximately 150 Library’s Executive Committee initiatives, exceeding fiscal 2017 news releases, published more than and providing direct oversight of private-sector support by 17.5 200 blog posts, managed and grew activities of the Office of the Chief percent. The Library’s leading social media accounts including Information Officer and the Office private-sector support group, the Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, of the Chief Operating Officer. James Madison Council, donated developed and executed paid Highlights from offices within the approximately $4.5 million to media campaigns, and published Office of the Librarian in fiscal 2018 specific initiatives and $1 million the bimonthly Library of Congress are summarized here. in unrestricted funds. Successful Magazine, the monthly calendar of recruitment resulted in seven new events and the weekly Gazette. The Congressional Relations Office members joining the council. (CRO) engaged in numerous The Office of Equal Employment activities supporting the 115th The Multimedia Group fielded Opportunity and Diversity Programs Congress. The Library held 176 447 requests (which included (EEO/DP) developed the Equal member-attended events involving 50 livestreamed productions) Employment Opportunity Plan for more than 2,500 visits by members to record events and produce Diversity and Inclusion for fiscal and their spouses. CRO engaged special programs and promotions years 2019–2021. EEO/DP also in more than 3,600 meetings, that highlight Library initiatives. provided technical assistance to processed nearly 140 constituent The Multimedia Group Digital employee resource groups in the inquiries, provided space for Scan Center (DSC) produced provision of cultural awareness nearly 140 member-sponsored approximately 250,000 images. and heritage events. EEO/DP also events and led 200 member- The DSC also led the production of provided training and briefing requested tours of the Library. CRO many high-quality prints for use sessions for supervisors and supported the implementation of a by the Interpretive Programs Office managers on equal employment new constituent tour-reservation in exhibitions exploring baseball, opportunity, alternative dispute system, which registered 859 women’s suffrage, the Gershwins, resolution and the Americans congressional staff accounts in its the early Americas and World War I. with Disabilities Act. EEO/DP first full year of operation, allowing conducted over 250 consultations staff to schedule tours for over The Office of Communications regarding employee workplace 45,500 constituents. provided public relations and and accommodation requests. media support to more than 40 EEO/DP managed 63 cases,

54 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress 43 new cases filed in fiscal 2018, Strategic Planning and Performance and operate effectively in the and 48 cases closed. Management (SPPM) facilitated information age. the development and publication The Office of the General Counsel of the Library of Congress fiscal OCIO provides expert guidance for (OGC) provided legal counsel to 2019–2023 strategic plan, Enriching digital and IT business innovation Library management regarding the Library Experience. The plan and decision-making across the Library initiatives, collections reflects leadership’s commitment Library and serves as the strategic and operations; reviewed Library to enhance and enrich the Library leader for the agency in the IT contracts and agreements; served experience for Congress, creators domain. It also serves as the as the Library ethics and privacy and connectors. SPPM also worked provider of IT security, application office; supported the Library’s with service units to strengthen development, data management legislative and regulatory activities; the organizational performance- and IT operations. and represented the Library in management framework. Service negotiations, disputes and litigation. units identified 43 Library-level Fiscal 2018 saw significant changes OGC responded to more than 1,700 annual performance goals with in the Library’s IT governance requests for legal opinions from 73 performance targets to monitor and operations. To realize the Library units and managers. the progress and impact of centralization of all Library the Library’s work. In addition, SPPM technology activities, as directed The Office of Special Events and facilitated the full transition by the librarian of Congress in Public Programs coordinated 557 to a Library-wide integrated November 2016, OCIO completed events, a 17 percent increase risk-management and internal- two major reorganizations. OCIO from fiscal 2017. Some were control framework. implemented Reorganization Phase either multiday events or events 1.5 in December 2017, merging involving additional sub-events in Office of the Chief service unit IT personnel into the multiple locations. Additionally, in Information Officer newly created OCIO Customer February 2018, the Office of Special The Office of the Chief Information Engagement Directorate while Events and Public Programs was Officer (OCIO) provides the vision, continuing to evaluate how to reorganized by merging the Public leadership and services necessary best structure OCIO to maximize Program Services Section therein to ensure that information efficiencies and reduce risks for the and later renamed the Library technology resources enable Library. Centralization culminated at Events Office. the Library to meet its mission the end of the fiscal year with OCIO

Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden and Paddington Bear read to children during a story time in the Great Hall. Shawn Miller

Organizational Reports 55 Reorganization Phase 2.0, which: servers, updated 10 petabytes of In collaboration with the U.S. • Realigned Library IT staff according data storage and decommissioned Copyright Office, OCIO started to their skill-sets and functional more than 140 outdated databases. work in fiscal 2018 to implement responsibilities. Fiscal 2018 also saw significant the copyright IT modernization • Streamlined governance and achievements with the Library’s plan. OCIO began development of delivery of IT services. data center transformation project, a modernized recordation system • Strengthened OCIO’s ability to including the buildout of a new and will develop new applications collaborate effectively. state-of-the-art data center, a in support of registration, public new cloud environment and an catalog and licensing over the next OCIO led an agency-wide planning initial inventory of applications to several years. OCIO also developed effort that resulted in the publishing be migrated out of the Madison a virtual card catalog for the of a digital strategy for the Library at Building data center. Copyright Office, making millions of the end of fiscal 2018. The strategy cards more easily accessible to the provides a holistic vision to guide OCIO worked with stakeholders to creative community and the public. the Library’s digital transformation continue to enhance digital Library over the next five years. tools and services. Functionality To improve network security and was added to ease the acquisition recoverability, OCIO implemented To ensure transparency and clarity and delivery of content, including multifactor authentication for all for IT initiatives, OCIO crafted an improved tools for the deposit Library users; developed new IT IT program modernization plan in of e-journals, which for the first contingency plans for all Library IT April 2018 that articulates 15 ongoing time surpassed print. These systems; and reached a milestone activities that move the Library improvements allowed the Library of 90 percent of Library systems toward a more modern technology to continue to enhance the annual with a current authority-to-operate posture. The plan builds on the throughput for digital collections, on the Library’s production network. 2016–2020 IT strategic plan and with nearly 195 million files and over addresses key expectations from 760 terabytes of content ingested in Office of the Chief the Office of the Inspector General fiscal 2018. Over 7 million new items Operating Officer (OIG), the Government Accountability were added to loc.gov, including The organization delivered Office (GAO) and the Library’s presidential papers and significant comprehensive services, managed congressional oversight committees. rare books and manuscripts. institutional programs and oversaw regulatory compliance in the OCIO continued to make significant OCIO worked with the Congressional areas of financial management; progress addressing IT issues Research Service (CRS) to create a human capital; contracting; raised by OIG and GAO, successfully new public website for CRS reports, facilities, logistics, safety and health closing 82 audit recommendations as required by law. Accessible via services; asset management; and and submitting evidence on over congress.gov, the new site leverages personnel security and emergency 20 others during fiscal 2018. OCIO is existing Library technology to preparedness. working diligently to fully address all provide a home for CRS reports. IT issues raised by audits. Additional written products will be The Financial Services Directorate available in the future. provided leadership and vision To better inform IT planning, OCIO for the legislative branch, hosting matured the Library’s IT governance OCIO collaborated with CRS, the Law and directing enhancements to and IT financial management with Library and Congress to complete the Legislative Branch Financial a new IT funding framework and 16 major releases of congress.gov. Management System (LBFMS) IT procurement processes and Each release included functionality that manages financial system continued to implement technology and content enhancements operations for the Library businesses management. developed using extensive user and its shared services partner feedback. One major focus for agencies. The directorate initiated OCIO is steadily increasing the fiscal 2018 was the migration of the configuration of an e-Travel reliability of the Library’s IT systems site’s incoming data feeds to the interface for business travel by updating legacy hardware. In Government Publishing Office’s new processing for rollout to the Library fiscal 2018, OCIO replaced over 100 GovInfo API. and its partner agencies in fiscal

56 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress 2019; integrated Intragovernmental for scholarly purposes totaling Handicapped, the initial actions for Payment and Collection (IPAC) $12 million. The division assessed Fort Meade Module 6 construction transactions into the LBFMS to and strengthened the proficiency and finalizing Fort Meade Module eliminate manual data entry for of the Library’s acquisition 7 planning. The directorate incoming IPACs and increase workforce, optimized the number of replaced most of the Library’s processing speed; co-chaired contracting officer representatives material-handling equipment a technology business management across the Library and delivered and implemented an equipment- study and evaluation of IT comprehensive training programs maintenance tracking system. ISS investments with the Office of tailored to Library needs. The conducted hazard assessments the Chief Information Officer; division addressed procurement and safety inspections and took and initiated planning for system performance and contract corrective actions. a comprehensive examination file management and developed of financial reporting processes. a plan to transition to a digital The Security and Emergency environment. Preparedness Directorate (SEPD) Human Resources Services focused on strengthening improved efficiency and The Integrated Support Services collection security, personnel accuracy by documenting roles, Directorate (ISS) supported security, emergency preparedness responsibilities and standard- operational requirements and and protective services. SEPD operating procedures for six ensured regulatory compliance conducted site-assistance visits; functional areas; developed a in the areas of facilities, logistics, promoted security and emergency strategy to achieve greater Library- health, safety and asset preparedness; provided physical wide transparency, consistency management. ISS completed 20 and electronic security measures and effectiveness with workforce facility projects, established 20 for new construction and performance-related awards wellness activities, conducted more renovation projects; and sustained and recognition; completed than 82 safety training sessions and an effective personnel security and competency assessments for corrected asset-management employment-sustainability program two occupations (information audit findings. Multiyear shelving in compliance with standards of the technology and acquisition projects continued in the Law Office of Personnel Management workforces); and partnered with Library and the Geography and and other national agencies. The management to develop and Map and Prints and Photographs directorate implemented the implement training and hiring divisions. Major capital improvement Library’s full participation in the plans designed to remediate projects included the evaluation Capitol Hill-wide Joint Emergency gaps revealed in critical technical of Government Printing Office Mass Notification System and competencies. Human Resources buildings as possible locations served as the Library’s principal Services partnered with the Office for the National Library Service liaison with the U.S. Capitol Police of Personnel Management to for the Blind and Physically for operational matters. administer the Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey to measure employee engagement and to pilot an automated workforce performance-management system that links individual employee performance directly to agency strategic goals.

The Contracts and Grants Management Division procured the goods and services needed to execute Library programs and initiatives. The division awarded contracts totaling $223 million and grants, awards and fellowships Graduates of the Library’s Career Development Program. Shawn Miller

Organizational Reports 57 Organizational Reports NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL OUTREACH National and International Outreach “Baseball Americana,” a pop-up and over 300 additional scholars (NIO) comprised many of the exhibition and 10 agile display cases. and congressional staff, who took public programs and activities that It also launched two other major part in public events and private advanced the role of the Library as exhibitions: “Drawn to Purpose: seminars, co-hosted with partner a national cultural institution and a American Women Illustrators and organizations. In fiscal 2018, the major asset for learners of all ages. Cartoonists” and “Not an Ostrich,” Kluge Center mounted a record Through its three directorates— which featured about 1,000 previously 42 events and welcomed 3,279 Scholarly and Educational Programs, unpublished photographs from the audience members. The Internship National Programs and National Prints and Photographs Division. and Fellowship Program managed Enterprises—NIO developed, programs that engaged students managed and oversaw a broad Expanding awareness of, and and others with the Library’s array of programs and services access to, the Library’s collections work, chief among them the Junior that showcased the Library and remained a top priority. The Fellows Program that placed made it more accessible. NIO National Film Preservation Board 40 fellows in dozens of divisions. facilitated collaboration among the and the National Recording Library’s public engagement efforts, Preservation Board expanded Promoting reading and literacy fostered partnerships with other the National Film Registry and remained another high priority. prominent cultural and academic the National Recording Registry NIO spearheaded the 18th annual institutions and promoted the use to 725 and 500 titles, respectively. Library of Congress National Book of the Library and its collections to The Library’s Educational Outreach Festival, inviting and scheduling Congress and the public. team supported K–12 teachers and over 110 authors and illustrators. students through its Teaching The Center for the Book continued In fiscal 2018, NIO worked to expand with Primary Sources program its successful Literacy Awards and strengthen the Library’s public and other programs, publications, program and the popular Letters and scholarly functions. Highlights on-site experiences and online About Literature writing campaign, of that work include: initiatives. The Young Readers which received 46,877 letters—an Center and professional resources 11 percent increase over fiscal The Visitor Services Office leveraged for teachers engaged teachers and 2017. The Poetry and Literature its volunteer docents to welcome learners in creating and sharing Center reappointed Tracy K. Smith over 1.9 million visitors to the Library, a passion for knowledge. as the 22nd U.S. poet laureate and deliver 8,100 guided tours and promoted the written and spoken answer over 345,000 inquiries. To The John W. Kluge Center—the word through many public events. showcase the Library’s treasures, Library’s scholar-in-residence the Interpretative Programs Office center—hosted and supported Seeking to expand the Library’s role opened a major exhibition titled 75 scholars, 21 research interns as a cultural leader in the digital

58 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress NIO’s many public programs advance the Library’s role as a national cultural institution.

realm, National Digital Initiatives (NDI) worked to increase the visibility of the Library’s digital activities and resources and enhance digital innovation. NDI launched crowd.loc.gov, a crowd- sourced transcription and tagging platform that was widely released in October 2018. NDI also co-hosted major events that brought together library and archives professionals.

The National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) circulated nearly 21 million copies of braille, audio and large print items to over 972,526 blind and physically handicapped reader accounts. Those figures include reads from her work during a celebration of the nation’s youth materials provided to over 50,000 poets laureate. Shawn Miller patrons with individual accounts and nearly 1,700 institutional for the federal government, the more in cost avoidance through the accounts through its Braille and District of Columbia and federally third quarter of fiscal 2018. Audio Reading Download (BARD) funded contractors, completing site. In fiscal 2018, NLS passed the reports for clients that included the At the close of fiscal 2018, NIO 100,000-book milestone for the Department of Justice, Department and its constituent divisions were BARD collection, hosting 104,229 of Defense, Small Business transitioned to other units as part books and 16,061 magazine issues. Administration and the Department of a larger reorganization. The growth of the BARD mobile app of Homeland Security. was key to greater patron use of personal devices. FEDLINK helped a network of federal libraries maximize their buying The Federal Research Division (FRD) power, saving federal agencies provided unbiased, authoritative around $31 million in vendor volume research, analysis and translations discounts and about $45 million

Organizational Reports 59 Organizational Reports U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE

The United States Copyright The office and contractors The office also made significant Office, headed by the register of collaborated to begin modernizing strides in the seventh triennial copyrights, administers the nation’s the registration and recordation section 1201 rulemaking proceeding. copyright laws for the advancement user-interface systems, producing Using a much-praised streamlined of the public good and the benefit initial wireframes using public renewal process, the office of authors and users of creative input. Additionally, the Historical received 39 petitions to renew works. The register’s duties under Records Program released the existing exemptions and 23 the Copyright Act include registering Virtual Card Catalog proof of petitions for newly proposed creative works, recording concept, containing digital images exemptions, including expansions information about copyright of Copyright Card Catalog records of existing exemptions. The office ownership and implementing from 1955 through 1977, including held public hearings in Los Angeles certain statutory licenses. The an enhanced version in July. and Washington, D.C. office also provides expert impartial assistance to Congress, the courts The office issued more than The Office of Policy and and executive branch agencies 560,000 registrations in fiscal 2018 International Affairs (PIA) worked on domestic and international and recorded 21,668 copyright with executive branch agencies copyright law and policy. ownership transfer documents on foreign copyright law and containing more than 750,000 titles. policy. PIA staff members attended In fiscal 2018, the office focused The office recorded $30,512,995 in World Intellectual Property on modernization, beginning receipts from registration services Organization meetings and served a multiyear plan to create an and an additional $8,334,709 in on interagency teams collaborating Enterprise Copyright System. recordation and other services for on the Special 301 Report, World The Copyright Modernization a total of $38,847,704 in receipts Trade Organization Policy Reviews Office (CMO) was established, recorded in fiscal 2018. and Accessions and government- and it developed and began to-government comments on draft, implementing an office-wide The office initiated six rulemakings pending or recently enacted foreign modernization plan encompassing related to registration practices, laws. PIA and the Office of the agile software development. CMO two related to licensing activities General Counsel worked together to also hosted industry days for and one related to the office’s help develop a U.S. position on the potential contractors and initiated fees. It issued interim rulemakings Hague Convention on Enforcement partnerships with 18F and the related to recordation and to group of Judgments. Office of Personnel Management’s registration for secure test items. Human Resources Solutions.

60 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress The office issued more than 560,000 copyright registrations in the 2018 fiscal year.

The Office of the General Counsel more than $18.5 million in interest advised the Department of Justice for copyright owners. Distributions in filing amicus briefs in Fourth during fiscal 2018 occurred on three Estate Pub. Ben. Corp. v. Wall- separate dates involving nine funds Street.com, LLC.; WesternGeco LLC totaling $102,077,000. v. ION Geophysical Corp.; Oil States Energy Services, LLC v. Greene’s The Copyright Acquisitions Division Energy Group, LLC.; Spanski Enters., (CAD) received a total of 447,525 Inc. v. Telewizja Polska S.A.; and works via mandatory deposit Syngenta Crop Protection LLC v. and 407 demands, with a total Willowood, LLC. The office also was value of $47,591,986 transferred involved in cases such as section to the Library. CAD receives digital The seal of the U.S. Copyright Office. 411(b) responses to requests from deposits through the eDeposit Shawn Miller district courts to advise whether program, and this year electronic inaccurate information on a serials outnumbered print serials. certificate of registration, if known, would have caused the register to The acting register appointed two refuse registration. new associate registers: general counsel and director of public In December 2017, Congress information and education. She also introduced what would become appointed the CMO director and the Orrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte deputy director, senior advisor for Music Modernization Act. The office organizational policy and special provided extensive counsel to projects, and Receipt Analysis and Congress on the law and the Control Division chief. The office act’s different provisions, working selected two new Ringer fellows closely with staff representing and appointed 25 new copyright a number of members. examiners.

The Licensing Division continued to manage a number of statutory licensing matters, including more than $1.3 billion in statutory licensing fiduciary assets, earning

Organizational Reports 61 Organizational Reports OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL

The Library’s Office of the Inspector future include collections storage, General (OIG) became statutory digital strategic planning with the passage of the Library of and execution, and financial Congress Inspector General Act management and reporting. of 2005 (2 U.S.C. § 185), with a mandate to: The Audits Division completed six IT-related reports, including • Independently conduct and an assessment of the Library’s supervise audits and investigations most critical business systems. of fraud, waste and abuse relating In other work, the OIG completed to the Library. the second in a series of reports Inspector General Kurt Hyde testifies • Lead, coordinate and recommend on the Library’s purchase card before the Committee on House policies to promote economy, program that identified several Administration. Shawn Miller efficiency and effectiveness. areas requiring stronger oversight • Keep the librarian of Congress by the Library’s gift shop. The three investigations to Library and the Congress fully and Audits Division initiated an annual management for administrative currently informed about problems audit of the Copyright Office action. In addition, 103 hotline and deficiencies relating to the Licensing Division’s fiduciary funds, communications were acted upon. administration and operations of along with successfully completing Organizationally, the inspector the Library. its statutorily required oversight general finalized the hiring of a of the Library’s financial statements permanent assistant inspector During fiscal 2018, the inspector audit for fiscal 2017. The division general for investigations and general testified with the librarian also provided oversight for filled one vacant position for of Congress before the Committee the Open World Leadership a special agent. on Administration on the Library’s Center’s fiscal 2017 financial strategic planning activities statements audit contract under and issued a report on that top an interagency agreement. management challenge. The OIG Audits Division issued 15 reports The Investigations Division looked during the year, including two other into allegations of improper reports on Library top management employee conduct and time and challenges, information technology attendance irregularities. The infrastructure and contracting. division’s efforts included issuing 13 Other top management challenges reports, opening 11 investigations that OIG will review in the and closing 16, while forwarding

62 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Organizational Reports COPYRIGHT ROYALTY BOARD

The Copyright Royalty Board retransmission and other royalties. administers the royalty provisions of The judges approved distributions the Copyright Act. The act requires of approximately $102 million from copyright owners to license their nine different royalty funds. television and music programming for distant retransmission by cable During the fiscal year, the judges and satellite and requires cable finalized four distribution matters and satellite system operators to and two rate setting proceedings. deposit with the Copyright Office They determined final distribution royalties for the retransmission of percentages for a portion of those works to their subscribers. royalties for 2010–13 cable and Copyright royalty Judges David R. satellite retransmissions and Strickler, Suzanne Barnett and Jesse M. The act also requires recording artists presided over one distribution Feder. David Rice and record companies to license hearing totaling 18 days of their sound recordings for certain testimony by fact and expert rates and terms for licenses for the digital transmissions, including witnesses regarding allocation of making of ephemeral recordings transmissions via the internet and cable royalty funds for those years. of sound recordings by business by satellite radio stations. The act establishment services; and 2) to further requires songwriters and The judges issued their initial require affected cable systems to music publishers to license the right determination of rates and terms pay a separate, per-telecast royalty to make and distribute reproductions for licenses for: making mechanical (a sports surcharge) in addition to of recordings of their musical copies of musical works for the other royalties that those cable works, when certain conditions distribution by streaming services; systems must pay under section 111 are satisfied, to record companies transmitting recorded music by of the Copyright Act. and streaming services. satellite radio and pre-existing subscription services; and using The judges marked the first The three copyright royalty judges certain works in connection with anniversary of their electronic filing of the board issue determinations noncommercial broadcasting. and case-management system regarding royalty rates and terms The judges also published cost- (eCRB) and exercised the option and distributions of some of the of-living adjustments for three for ingestion of over 30 years of royalty funds relating to these established rates. legacy records relating to royalty statutory licenses. proceedings. The judges published two proposed In fiscal 2018, licensees deposited rules based on settlements among approximately $221 million in television interested parties: 1) regarding

Organizational Reports 63 APPENDICES

64 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Appendix A. Library Of Congress Advisory Bodies

James Madison Norma K. Asnes Mitchell and Tim Gold Council Membership New York, New York Taylorsville, North Carolina

David M. Rubenstein Roger S. and Julie Baskes Barbara Guggenheim and Chair Chicago, Illinois Bertram H. Fields Malibu, California Washington, D.C. Laurence D. Belfer Edwin L. Cox New York, New York Beverly L. and Lyman C. Hamilton Chair Emeritus Maureen F. Bousa Carmel, California Dallas, Texas Wellesley Hills, Massachusetts John S. Hendricks John W. Kluge* Calvin and Sharon Butler Silver Spring, Maryland Chair Emeritus (founding) Cockeysville, Maryland New York, New York Roger Hertog Buffy M. Cafritz New York, New York H.F. (Gerry) Lenfest* Bethesda, Maryland Chair Emeritus Leo J. Hindery Troy Carter West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania New York, New York Studio City, California Robert P. Gwinn Frank F. Islam and Norma T. Dana Emeritus Debbie Driesman New York, New York Riverside, Illinois Potomac, Maryland James F. Dicke II Douglas G. Brinkley Nancy H. Glanville Jewell New Bremen, Ohio Honorary Houston, Texas Austin, Texas Consuelo Duroc-Danner Jerry L. Johnson Houston, Texas Michael J. Feinstein Bethesda, Maryland Honorary Dianne Eddolls Jerral W. and Gene Jones Los Angeles, California Denver, Colorado Dallas, Texas Jo Ann Jenkins David and Jaime Field Jay* and Jean Kislak Honorary Gladwyne, Pennsylvania Washington, D.C. Miami, Florida J. Richards Fredericks Thomas J. and Linda Knox James E. Jones San Francisco, California Honorary Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Marjorie Fisher Furman and Roy Pawling, New York David H. Koch Furman New York, New York David and Rosalee McCullough Birmingham, Michigan Honorary Marguerite Lenfest Catherine A. Georges Boston, Massachusetts West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania Washington, D.C. Cokie B. Roberts Thomas Liljenquist William B. and Inger Ginsberg Honorary McLean, Virginia Bethesda, Maryland New York, New York Ira A. Lipman Thomas V. Girardi Ruth S. Altshuler New York, New York Dallas, Texas Los Angeles, California

Opposite: Studio Ghibli writer and director Kihara Hirokatsu visits the Main Reading Room following a discussion of his experience in Japanese anime production in the Coolidge Auditorium. Shawn Miller

*deceased 65 Lillian P. Lovelace L. Dennis and Susan Shapiro Toyin Falola Santa Barbara, California Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker chair in the humanities at the Cary M. Maguire Raja W. Sidawi University of Texas at Austin Dallas, Texas New York, New York Margaret MacMillan Katherine B. Martin Albert H. Small Warden at St. Antony’s College at Leawood, Kansas Bethesda, Maryland the University of Oxford John J. Medveckis Frederick W. Smith Beth Simone Noveck Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Memphis, Tennessee Professor in technology, Katy and Ken Menges Raymond W. Smith culture and society Dallas, Texas McLean, Virginia NYU Tandon School of Engineering

Edward S. Miller Paul G. Stern Gideon Rose Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. Editor, Foreign Affairs

Mary V. Mochary Michael M. and Karen Stone Debra Satz Washington, D.C. La Jolla, California Senior associate dean for the humanities and arts, Stanford Joyce and Thomas Roger S. and Julie Strauch University Moorehead Berkeley, California McLean, Virginia Theda Skocpol Michael S. and Jean Z. Strunsky Victor S. Thomas professor of Martha Hamilton Morris San Francisco, California government and sociology, Harvard Villanova, Pennsylvania Craig and Diane Welburn University David L. Moskowitz McLean, Virginia John Witte Washington, D.C. Director of the Center for the Study of Law and Religion, Emory Eric L. Motley The Kluge Center Washington, D.C. University Scholars Council Thomas G. and Elizabeth Wendy Hall Lisa Anderson Moukawsher Director of the Web Science President, the American University Groton, Connecticut Institute at the University of in Cairo Southampton Wayne K. and Christine Marie Arana Nelson Literary consultant to the librarian New York, New York of Congress, Library of Congress American Bar Donald E. Newhouse Association Standing Christine Borgman New York, New York Committee on the Law Presidential chair in information Library Of Congress Sarah and Ross Perot studies, University of California at Dallas, Texas Los Angeles Sheila Slocum Hollis Chair Edward P. Roski Manuel Castells Duane Morris LLP City of Industry, California Wallis Annenberg chair in Washington, D.C. communication technology and Lady Susie Sainsbury society at the Annenberg School of Billie Jo Kaufman London, England Communication at the University American University B. Francis Saul II of Southern California, Los Angeles Washington College of Law Bethesda, Maryland Washington, D.C. Ruth Faden Walter Scott Philip Franklin Wagley professor of Miriam McIntire Nisbet Omaha, Nebraska biomedical ethics at John Hopkins Washington, D.C. Bloomberg School of Public Health

66 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Patricia Salkin American Folklife Librarian Appointees Touro Law Center Center Board of Thomas S. Rankin Central Islip, New York Trustees Director Kara I. Smith Congressional Appointees MFA in Experimental and Office of the Oklahoma Documentary Arts Patricia Atkinson Attorney General Duke University Folklife program coordinator Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Durham, North Carolina Nevada Arts Council Mark E. Wojcik Carson City, Nevada The John Marshall Law School Chicago, Illinois C. Kurt Dewhurst Ex Officio Members Director emeritus Carla Hayden M. Elizabeth Medaglia Michigan State University Museum Librarian of Congress Special adviser East Lansing, Michigan Washington, D.C. Arlington, Virginia Jean M. Dorton David J. Skorton Tedson J. Meyers Community and legislative liaison Secretary Special adviser Big Sandy Community and Smithsonian Institution Fairhope, Alabama Technical College Washington, D.C. William S. Sessions Prestonburg, Kentucky Mary Anne Carter Special adviser Joanna Hess Acting chair San Antonio, Texas Founder National Endowment Indigenous Language Institute Tom Bolt for the Arts Santa Fe, New Mexico ABA board of governors Washington, D.C. St. Thomas, Virgin Islands Amy Kitchener Jon Parrish Peede Executive director Chair Alliance for California National Endowment Law Library of Traditional Arts for the Humanities Congress Staff Fresno, California Washington, D.C. Jane Sánchez John Patrick Rice Gregory Barz Law Librarian of Congress Professor of theater President Great Basin College Roberto Salazar Society for Ethnomusicology Elko, Nevada Assistant law librarian for Nashville, Tennessee operations and planning Jay Winik Dorothy Noyes Historian President Chevy Chase, Maryland American Folklore Society American Bar Columbus, Ohio Association Staff Elizabeth Peterson Elissa Lichtenstein Presidential Appointees Director Director (Vacant) American Folklife Center Jinny Choi Library of Congress Meetings and committees Washington, D.C. specialist

Ken Goldsmith Legislative counsel

*deceased 67 National Film National Society of Film Critics National Film Preservation Board Member: David Kehr Preservation Foundation Alternate: David Sterritt Academy of Motion Picture Arts Board of Directors and Sciences Screen Actors Guild Cecilia DeMille Presley Member: John Bailey Member: Richard Masur Trustee Alternate: Stephanie Allain Alternate: Valerie Yaros Cecil B. DeMille Foundation Alliance of Motion Picture Society for Cinema and Grover Crisp and Television Producers Media Studies Executive vice president Member: Carol Lombardini Member: Matthew Bernstein Asset Management, Film Restoration Alternate: Tracy Cahill Alternate: Jennifer Horne and Digital Mastering American Film Institute Society of Composers Sony Pictures Entertainment Member: John Ptak and Lyricists Hawk Koch Alternate: Tim Lanza Member: Alan Bergman Alternate: Ashley Irwin Film producer American Society of Leonard Maltin Cinematographers and International United States Members of Film critic/historian Photographers Guild the International Federation Member: Caleb Deschanel of Film Archives Scott M. Martin Alternate: Bradford Young Member: Susan Oxtoby Deputy general counsel Alternate: Rajendra Roy Paramount Pictures Association of Moving Image Archivists University Film and Deborah Nadoolman Landis Member: Dennis Doros Video Association Film costume designer/professor/ Alternate: Laura Rooney Member: Ben Levin author Alternate: Simon Tarr Department of Film and Television John Ptak of the School of Theater, Film Writers Guild of America Arsenal Agency and Television at the University East Member: Richard Wesley Robert G. Rehme of California, Los Angeles West Alternate: Howard Rodman President Member: Bob Rosen At-Large Rehme Productions Alternate: Jan-Christopher Horak Member: Grover Crisp Eric J. Schwartz Department of Film and Television Alternate: Gregory Barnes Mitchell, Silverberg & Knupp LLP of the Tisch School of the Member: Scott Martin Arts at New York University Alternate: Schawn Belston Martin Scorsese Member: Antonia Lant Filmmaker and president Alternate: Dan Streible Member: Alfre Woodard The Film Foundation Alternate: Caroline Frick Directors Guild of America Paula Wagner Member: Martin Scorsese Member: Bruce Goldstein Film producer Alternate: Christopher Nolan Alternate: Charles Ramirez Berg Chestnut Ridge Productions

Motion Picture Association Member: Leonard Maltin Alfre Woodard of America Alternate: Jacqueline Stewart Actress, producer Member: Charles Rivkin Pro Bono Counsel Alternate: Gail MacKinnon Eric Schwartz National Association of Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP Theater Owners Member: Ted Pedas Alternate: Patrick Corcoran

68 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Ex Officio Member Digital Media Association National Recording Member: Gregory Alan Barnes Carla Hayden Preservation Alternate: Vacant Librarian of Congress Foundation Board Music Library Association Foundation Staff T-Bone Burnett Member: James Farrington Musician, producer Jeff Lambert Alternate: Maristella Feustle George Massenburg Executive director National Academy of Recording Producer, engineer, educator Rebecca Payne Collins Arts and Sciences Davia Nelson Office manager Member: Maureen Droney Alternate: Daryl Friedman Radio producer David Wells NPR’s Kitchen Sisters Programs manager National Archives and Records Administration Jonathan Poneman Ihsan Amanatullah Member: Daniel Rooney Co-founder Programs assistant Alternate: Tom Nastick Sub Pop Records

Music Business Association Bob Santelli National Recording Member: Jim Donio Founding executive director Preservation Board Alternate: Paul Jessop Grammy Museum

American Federation of Musicians Recording Industry Association Member: Billy Linneman of America Ex Officio Members Alternate: Vacant Member: David Hughes Alternate: Patrick Kraus Carla Hayden American Folklore Society Librarian of Congress Member: Burt Feintuch SESAC Kenneth Silverman Alternate: Timothy Lloyd Member: John Josephson Alternate: Jamie Dominguez Of Counsel American Musicological Society Member: Judy Tsou Society for Ethnomusicology Foundation Staff Alternate: Patrick Warfield Member: Jon Kertzer Gerald Seligman Alternate: Alan Burdette Executive director American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers Songwriters Hall of Fame Member: Elizabeth Matthews Member: Linda Moran Alternate: John Titta Alternate: Robbin Ahrold

Association for Recorded Sound

Collections At-Large Member: David Seubert Alternate: Bill Klinger Member: Michael Feinstein Alternate: Guthrie Ramsey Audio Engineering Society Member: George Massenburg Member: Mickey Hart Alternate: Elizabeth Cohen Alternate: Christopher Sterling

Broadcast Music, Incorporated Member: Brenda Nelson-Strauss Member: Michael O’Neill Alternate: Eileen Hayes Alternate: Charles Feldman Member: Bob Santelli Country Music Foundation Alternate: Al Pryor Member: Kyle Young Member: Eric Schwartz Alternate: Alan Stoker Alternate: John Simson

69 Appendix B. Selected Acquisitions

The Library in May 2018 announced for the history of the High Court the most significant figures in the the acquisition of the comic book of Guatemala during the early history of film music. Among the and graphic arts collection of 17th century, covering such subjects most significant titles included in entrepreneur Stephen A. Geppi. as the conquest and process the collection are “Arrowsmith,” The collection of more than 3,000 to pacify Indians in Honduras, “Beau Geste,” “The Count of items includes the original concept diversion of royal monies and Monte Cristo,” “The Hunchback drawing of Captain America and the establishing of missions. of Notre Dame,” “The Prisoner of original storyboards documenting Zenda,” “The Robe” and “Wuthering the creation of Mickey Mouse. The The Motion Picture, Broadcasting Heights.” The division also multimillion-dollar gift also included and Recorded Sound Division acquired two pages of autograph comic books, original art, photos, acquired a large collection of films sketches for the third movement posters, newspapers, buttons, pins, from Lou DiCrescenzo, which of Beethoven’s “Hammerklavier” badges and related materials. consists of about 950 reels of sonata, one of Beethoven’s most mostly nitrate film. The section important compositions. The The Geography and Map Division also continued to work on the sonata, composed in 1817 and 1818, acquired a Japanese post-battle acquisition of born-digital content, is widely considered to be one of damage-assessment map of Pearl including 5,209 files included in the most challenging and one of the Harbor, a hand-drawn map of Pearl the American Archive of Public greatest piano sonatas of all time. Harbor prepared by Commander Broadcasting, 532 Senate floor Mitsuo Fuchida, the Japanese recordings and 1,236 items from The Library in November 2017 pilot who led the attack on Dec. “Saturday Night Live.” announced the acquisition of a 7, 1941. The map was shown to collection of programs featuring Emperor Hirohito during a briefing The Library acquired the archive Dick Cavett, recognized as one a few weeks after the attack. The of Pulitzer Prize-winning humorist, of the most cultured talk show division also received the Sovereign commentator and playwright Art hosts in television history. Cavett Limits World International Boundary Buchwald, best known for his donated 2,500 programs of his Database, the most accurate long career as a political satirist decades-long talk show series. The and up-to-date database of all for The Washington Post and programs collectively feature some international boundaries (land and in a column syndicated in 500 5,000 guests, including Muhammad maritime) available. newspapers worldwide. The Ali, Louis Armstrong, Marlon archive of approximately 100,000 Brando, Ingrid Bergman, Duke The Law Library acquired Harry items includes his columns, Ellington, Katharine Hepburn, Alfred Truman’s notebook for law school plays, screenplays, books and Hitchcock, Arthur Miller, Laurence night classes (1924–25). Truman unpublished pieces as well as Olivier, Ronald Reagan, Jackie began attending night classes at correspondence with figures such Robinson, Steven Spielberg, Jimi the Kansas City School of Law in as the Kennedy and Shriver families, Hendrix and John Lennon. 1923 and studied contracts, trusts, Lauren Bacall, Bob Hope, Carol criminal law and Blackstone. This Burnett, Christopher Reeve, Dinah The Asian Division acquired an notebook is filled with his extensive Shore and Carly Simon as well as a illustrated scroll titled “Kinkai notes. The Law Library also brief exchange with . Kikan” [Strange View off the acquired an unpublished archive of Coast of Kanagawa], 1854, which 56 royal decrees, signed by Philip The Music Division acquired a provides a unique early account III and Philip IV, to the Audiencia of collection of 28 film scores by of Commodore Matthew C. Perry’s Guatemala. The archive is a source composer Alfred Newman, one of second visit to Japan, during

70 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress which he negotiated the Treaty division also received the Yugoslav/ Let God, and The World Judge of Kanagawa. The scroll features Croatian Partisan Collection, 1942- Between Us,” in which Connecticut 20 scenes on 30 joined sheets of 45, which comprises World War II colonists pledge to stand by their paper and conveys initial Japanese underground materials from Croatia, fellow Americans in Massachusetts impressions of Americans, their then a fascist puppet state. in the wake of the fighting at ships, technology and weapons. It Lexington and Concord. represents a significant addition to The Rare Book and Special the Library’s holdings about Perry’s Collections Division acquired the The American Folklife Center 1853 expedition to Japan. complete archival holdings of the acquired the Victor and Edie Turner Perishable Press, established by Collection, which documents The European Division acquired Walter Hamady, and a complete set the 1950s–2000s work of noted Vladimir Nabokov manuscripts, of Hamady’s publications. Hamady anthropologists Victor Turner and ephemera and early editions from is an American artist, designer, Edie Turner, especially relating to the collection of Lester W. Traub. printer, papermaker, poet and social activism, pilgrimage and Traub’s collection complements teacher. He is especially known for spirituality. Research locations the Library’s previous Nabokov his innovative efforts in letterpress include Zambia, Uganda, Mexico, holdings with working manuscripts; printing, bookbinding and Brazil, Japan, the United States, substantial correspondence about papermaking and is often cited as Ireland, France, Israel, Korea and writing and publishing; and first one of the most influential American Russia. editions with Nabokov’s inscriptions book artists of the 20th century. to Ira Gershwin, Graham Greene, The division also acquired the rare V.S. Pritchett, John Updike, poet and important Revolutionary-era laureate Allen Tate and others. The broadside, “The American Crisis.

Left: Items from the Stephen A. Geppi collection of comics and graphic arts are displayed in the Great Hall. Right: Videotape from the archive of the Dick Cavett Show, acquired by the Library. Shawn Miller

71 Appendix C. Exhibitions

Library of Congress exhibitions can be viewed online at loc.gov/exhibits

Clockwise from left: A player New Exhibitions “Drawing Justice: The Art of demonstrates vintage baseball to “Baseball Americana” Courtroom Illustration” visitors on “Baseball Americana” family June 29, 2018–Summer 2019 April 27, 2017–Jan. 31, 2018 day; a visitor explores the “Drawn to Explores baseball’s roots, its Showcases the Library’s extensive Purpose” exhibition; U.S. Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor examines the changing traditions and the game collections of original art by artists “Drawing Justice” exhibition. Shawn Miller today through a collection of items hired by newspapers and television that can’t be found anywhere else. networks to capture the personal dynamics of courtroom trials. “Drawn to Purpose: American Women “Baseball’s Greatest Hits: The Music Illustrators and Cartoonists” “Echoes of the Great War: American of Our National Game” Nov. 18, 2017–Oct. 20, 2018 Experiences of World War I” Feb. 9–Dec. 31, 2017 Brings to light remarkable but little- April 4, 2017–Jan. 21, 2019 Features sheet music from Library known contributions made by North Examines the upheaval of the first collections that illustrates the American women to the art forms world war as Americans confronted evolution of the sport from before of illustration and cartooning. it, both at home and abroad. the Civil War to the present and chronicles that history in song.

72 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Continuing Exhibitions Swann Gallery Selected Displays The Gutenberg Bible March 18, 2011–Ongoing Centennial of Frederick On display in the Library’s Great The Swann Gallery introduces Douglass (January 2018) Hall, the landmark Gutenberg visitors to the world of Bible marks the beginning of the caricatures, political cartoons, Winter Olympics (February 2018) printed book and the explosion comics, animation art, graphic of knowledge and creativity set novels and illustrations. “Bibles from Fine Presses” off by the use of movable type. (February-December 2018) “Hope for America: Performers, “Mapping a Growing Nation: From Politics and Pop Culture” “Comics Tomorrow/Comics Independence to Statehood” June 11, 2010–Ongoing Today” (March 2018) Sept. 1, 2016–Ongoing On display in the Bob Hope Gallery Abel Buell’s “New and Correct of American Entertainment, this An ancient fragment from the Map of the United States of North exhibition examines the interplay book of Exodus (March 2018) America” is the first map of the of politics and entertainment newly independent United States in American public life. “Letters to Lyrics: Alexander compiled, printed and published in Hamilton at the Library of America by an American — a map “Here to Stay: The Legacy of George Congress” (May 2018) known to exist in only seven copies. and Ira Gershwin” Dec. 11, 2008–Ongoing “: America Herblock Gallery On display in the Gershwin in Color” (June 2018) March 18, 2011–Ongoing Gallery, “Here to Stay” showcases The Herblock Gallery celebrates rare objects from the Library’s Centenary of architect Paul M. the work of editorial cartoonist collection of composer George Rudolph (September 2018) Herbert L. Block—better known Gershwin and his brother and as “Herblock”—with an ongoing partner, lyricist Ira Gershwin. 200th anniversary of Mary Shelley’s display of original drawings. “Frankenstein” (September 2018) “Thomas Jefferson’s Library” April 11, 2008–Ongoing Birmingham’s 16th St. Baptist This reconstruction of Thomas Church bombing (September 2018) Jefferson’s personal library illustrates how one of America’s greatest thinkers was inspired through the world of books.

“Exploring the Early Americas: The Jay I. Kislak Collection” Dec. 12, 2007–Ongoing Examines indigenous cultures and the drama of encounters between Native Americans and George Gershwin’s piano in the “Here to Europeans through selections A group explores Alexander Hamilton Stay” exhibition. Shawn Miller from the Jay I. Kislak Collection. material at the “Letters to Lyrics” display.

73 Appendix D. Publications

Books Coloring Books

“America’s Greatest Library: A World of Things: Denis Diderot An Illustrated History of the “American Journal: Fifty Poems (Pomegranate Communications) Library of Congress,” by for Our Time,” by Tracy K. Smith. John Y. Cole. This volume, written In this volume, the U.S. poet by the Library’s historian, tells laureate offers 50 different the story of the nation’s oldest perspectives on America—stories federal cultural institution and how of loss, experiences of immigrants, it came to be the world’s largest outcries of injustice and poems library. (In association with D Giles evoke history and celebrate Ltd.) America’s diversity. (In association with Graywolf Press)

“Drawn to Purpose: American Women Illustrators and Cartoonists,” by Martha H. Kennedy, examines “Baseball Americana: Treasures from the trailblazing artists whose work the Library of Congress,” by Susan was long overlooked in the male- Reyburn. This updated paperback dominated field from the late edition tells the history of the 19th century into the 21st century. baseball’s origins, rich cultural (In association with University heritage and uniquely American Press of Mississippi) character as revealed in Library collections. (In association with Harper Collins)

74 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Calendars Knowledge Cards Notecard Sets

Haeckel Hummingbirds (Pomegranate Communications) Haeckel’s “Art Forms in Nature” 2019 Great Mexican-Americans (Pomegranate Communications) (Pomegranate Communications)

National Parks 2019 Great Lines from Great Movies, (Cavallini) Vol. 3 (Pomegranate Communications)

See America 2019 (Cavallini)

75 Appendix E. Statistical Tables

Table 1. Library of Congress Appropriations Available for Obligation — Fiscal 20181

Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $477,017,000 Congressional Research Service 119,279,000 Copyright Office 72,011,000 Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 51,498,000 Total $719,805,000

1The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (Public Law 115-141), signed by the president on March 23, 2018, provided an appropriation for the Library of $719.805 million, including authority to spend up to $49.915 million in offsetting collections. The Library operated under the following five continuing resolutions from Oct. 1, 2018: PL-115-56 (10/01/2018–12/8/2018), PL-115-90 (12/9/2018–12/22/2018), PL-115-96 (12/23/2018–1/19/2018), PL-115-120 (1/20/2018– 2/8/2018), PL-115-123 (2/9/2018–3/23/2018).

Table 2. Library of Congress Appropriations Available for Obligation — Fiscal 20191

Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $480,052,000 Congressional Research Service 125,688,000 Copyright Office 93,407,000 Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 52,783,000 Total $751,930,000

1The Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2019 (Public Law 115-244), signed by the president on Sept. 21, 2018, provided an appropriation for the Library of $751.930 million, including authority to spend up to $55.818 million in offsetting collections.

76 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 3. Financial Statistics: Summary Statement

The independent firm of Library’s assets as of Sept. totaled $759.3 million and Kearney & Company was 30, 2018, and 2017 total $727.8 million for fiscal retained by the Office of the $604.4 million and $579.4 years ended Sept. 30, 2018, Inspector General to audit million, respectively. and 2017, respectively. the Library of Congress fiscal 2018 financial statements. • The Condensed Statements • The Condensed Statements of Net Costs provide users of Budgetary Resources A condensed, unaudited with information about provide users with version of the Library of the net costs for the information about how Congress statements Library’s five programs. Net budgetary resources were for fiscal 2018 and fiscal costs include allocated made available as well as 2017 follows, including the management-support their status at the end of four principal financial costs. For the fiscal years the fiscal year. For the fiscal statements: the Condensed ended Sept. 30, 2018, and years ended Sept. 30, 2018, Balance Sheets, the 2017, the net cost of the and 2017, the Library’s Condensed Statements of Library’s five programs was budgetary resources were Net Costs, the Condensed $746.7 million and $709.4 $970.5 million and $947.7 Statements of Changes in Net million, respectively. million, respectively. Position and the Condensed Statements of Budgetary • The Condensed Statements The Library’s audited Resources. of Changes in Net Position financial statements provide users with (including financial statement • The Condensed Balance information about the notes and auditor’s report) Sheets provide users with Library’s financing sources can be found at loc.gov/ information about the and the components of the about/reports-and-budgets/ Library’s assets, liabilities changes in net position. The financial-reports/. and net position. The Library’s financing sources

77 Library of Congress Condensed Balance Sheets (unaudited) As of Sept. 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands)

2018 2017 Assets Intragovernmental Assets $391,671 $376,820 Pledges Receivable-Donations 4,504 7,312 Investments 144,959 140,942 Property and Equipment, Net 59,222 50,580 Other Assets 4,034 3,765 Total Assets $604,390 $579,419

Liabilities Intragovernmental liabilities $41,414 $43,729 Accounts Payable and Accrued Funded Payroll, Benefits 55,008 49,424 Deposit Account Liability 8,244 8,423 Accrued Unfunded Liabilities 31,525 32,798 Other Liabilities 6,392 5,623 Total Liabilities $142,583 $139,997

Net Position Unexpended Appropriations $191,096 $181,264 Cumulative Results of Operations 270,711 258,158 Total Net Position $461,807 $439,422 Total Liabilities and Net Position $604,390 $579,419

78 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Changes in Net Position (unaudited) For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands)

2018 2017 Consolidated Consolidated Total Total Cumulative Results of Operations: Beginning Balances $ 258,158 $ 239,698

Budgetary Financing Sources Appropriations Used 656,172 604,734 Donations-Cash or securities 4,478 5,700 Realized Gains on Investments and Other 5,091 14,206 Other Financing Sources (Non-Exchange) Donations-Property and Services 716 983 Imputed Financing 89,340 98,092 Unrealized Gains on Investments and Other 3,473 4,099 Total Financing Sources 759,270 727,814 Net Cost of Operations (746,717) (709,354) Cumulative Results of Operations, Ending $ 270,711 $ 258,158

Unexpended Appropriations:

Beginning Balances $ 181,264 $ 159,066

Budgetary Financing Resources Appropriations Received 669,890 631,958 Appropriation Transferred and Other Adjustments (3,886) (5,026) Appropriations Used (656,172) (604,734)

Total Budgetary Financing Sources 9,832 22,198 Unexpended Appropriations, Ending 191,096 181,264 Net Position, Ending $ 461,807 $ 439,422

79 Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Budgetary Resources (unaudited) For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2018 and 2017 (dollars in thousands)

2018 2017 Budgetary Resources Unobligated balances from prior year budget authority, net $137,414 $138,604 Appropriations (Discretionary and Mandatory) 686,049 687,075 Spending Authority from Offsetting Collections 147,040 122,028 (Discretionary and mandatory) Total Budgetary Resources $970,503 $947,707

Status of Budgetary Resources New Obligations and Upward Adjustments, total $ 843,551 $ 838,002 Unobligated Balance, end of year: Exempt from apportionment, unexpired accounts 102,460 91,260 Expired unobligated balance, end of year 24,492 18,445 Unobligated Balance, end of year (Total) 126,952 109,705 Total Budgetary Resources $970,503 $947,707

Outlays, Net Outlays, net (total) (discretionary and mandatory) $665,022 $663,366 Distributed Offsetting Receipts (-) (75) (271) Agency Outlays, Net (Discretionary and Mandatory) $664,947 $6 63,095

80 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 4. Additions to the Collections—Items

Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY17 Total FY18 Classified Collections Class A (General Works) 35,025 0 464,616 499,641 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 5,156 381 455,792 460,567 Class BL-BX (Religion) 13,813 4,323 1,043,867 1,053,357 Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 2,132 253 329,058 330,937 Class D (History except American) 24,048 8,014 1,859,158 1,875,192 Class E (American History) 3,374 0 348,398 351,772 Class F (American History) 5,007 69 584,254 589,192 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 11,728 13 794,969 806,684 Class H (Social Sciences) 27,891 29,207 3,575,965 3,574,649 Class J (Political Science) 5,253 88 931,343 936,508 Class K and LAW (Law) 23,177 0 2,957,070 2,980,247 Class L (Education) 5,000 1,929 628,084 631,155 Class M (Music) 8,881 0 864,674 873,555 Class N (Fine Arts) 10,001 813 820,335 829,523 Class P (Language and Literature) 79,198 175 3,582,692 3,661,715 Class Q (Science) 8,603 400 1,408,844 1,417,047 Class R (Medicine) 5,745 377 633,127 638,495 Class S (Agriculture) 2,322 0 488,289 490,611 Class T (Technology) 8,697 156 1,527,799 1,536,340 Class U (Military Science) 1,401 170 248,635 249,866 Class V (Naval Science) 342 87 118,889 119,144 Class Z (Bibliography) 3,700 0 690,591 694,291 Total Classified Collections 290,4941 46,455 24,356,449 24,600,488 Other Print Materials or Products Books in Large Type 0 0 8,684 8,684 Books in Raised Characters 0 0 81,539 81,539 Incunabula 1 0 5,711 5,712 Minimal-Level Cataloging (Monographs 449 0 1,234,577 1,235,026 and Serials) Newspapers (Bound) 0 0 37,957 37,957 Pamphlets 0 0 272,052 272,052 Technical Reports 5,506 0 1,851,561 1,857,067 Other 19,649 0 11,441,718 11,461,367 Total Other Print Materials 25,605 0 14,933,799 14,959,404 Total Print Collections 316,099 46,455 39,290,248 39,559,892

81 Table 4 (continued)

Other Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY17 Total FY18 Audio Materials2 391,866 3,627,777 4,019,643 Talking Books3 6,174 69,048 75,222 Manuscripts4 451,399 72,061,060 72,512,459 Maps 21,167 5,586,836 5,608,003 Microforms 31,446 17,219,510 17,250,956 Music 53,243 8,195,320 8,248,563 Visual Materials Moving Images5 8,154 311 1,826,847 1,834,690 Photographs 45,6756 14,897,266 14,942,941 (negatives, prints, slides) Posters 492 108,815 109,307 Prints and Drawings 3,557 677,215 680,772 Other (broadsides, photocopies, 7,820 1,424,708 1,432,528 nonpictorial material, etc.) Machine-Readable Material7 578 2,016,088 2,016,666 Total Other Collections 1,021,571 311 127,710,490 128,731,750 Total (items) 1,337,670 46,766 167,000,738 168,291,642

1 Printed materials in classified collections. In addition, digital content was added for 95,716 electronic serial issues in the classified collections. 2 Includes 1,091 born-digital sound recordings and additional mixed-media collections for the Veterans History Project and the American Folklife Center. 3 Not counted in general category of Audio Materials. Does not include 105,091 titles available on BARD, the Braille and Audio Reading Download service. 4 Does not include 208 gigabytes of born-digital material received by Manuscript Division. 5 Includes 532 born-digital television series episodes and 1,768 Senate floor hearings. 311 deteriorated nitrate film items were withdrawn. 6  Includes tangible pictorial still images only. In addition, 250,000 digital graphic images were added. 7 “Handheld” machine-readable material, such as CD-ROMs, not counted elsewhere.

82 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 5. Additions to the Collections—Titles

Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY17 Total FY18 Classified Collections 0 Class A (General Works) 490 0 111,632 112,122 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 5,156 0 299,502 304,658 Class BL-BX (Religion) 13,813 0 783,739 797,552 Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 1,674 0 169,280 170,954 Class D (History except American) 23,847 0 1,318,642 1,342,489 Class E (American History) 1,687 0 175,763 177,450 Class F (American History) 3,738 0 338,034 341,772 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 11,728 0 722,041 733,769 Class H (Social Sciences) 24,622 0 1,927,612 1,952,234 Class J (Political Science) 4,784 0 370,450 375,234 Class K and LAW (Law) 19,796 0 1,005,789 1,025,585 Class L (Education) 5,000 0 341,578 346,578 Class M (Music) 8,881 0 572,888 581,769 Class N (Fine Arts) 10,001 0 543,101 553,102 Class P (Language and Literature) 62,058 0 2,995,056 3,057,114 Class Q (Science) 8,603 0 812,007 820,610 Class R (Medicine) 5,745 0 399,936 405,681 Class S (Agriculture) 2,322 0 250,851 253,173 Class T (Technology) 8,697 0 856,257 864,954 Class U (Military Science) 1,401 0 108,210 109,611 Class V (Naval Science) 342 0 44,726 45,068 Class Z (Bibliography) 1,850 0 262,998 264,848 Total Classified Collections 226,235 0 14,410,092 14,636,327

Table 6. Unprocessed Arrearages

Total Items in Arrearage FY18 FY17 Change1 % Change Manuscripts 18,756,304 21,146,537 (2,390,233) -11.3 Moving Images 548,447 564,957 (16,510) -2.92 Music 2,014,588 1,979,377 35,211 1.78 Sound Recordings 1,045,830 1,051,030 (5,200) -0.49 Pictorial Material 4,949,792 5,070,121 (120,329) -2.37 Total 27,314,961 29,812,022 (2,497,061) -8.37

1 Reductions include large administrative adjustments resulting from refined arrearage counts conducted in fiscal 2017.

83 Table 7. Cataloging Workload

FY18 FY17 New Full-Level Catalog Records 189,255 209,216 Cooperative New Titles Fully Cataloged 93,477 91,376 Minimal-Level Cataloging Titles 25,222 75,976 Copy Cataloging 77,598 85,623 Collection-Level Cataloging 1,060 1,395 New Works Cataloged 305,955 389,040 Name and Series Authorities Established 88,411 72,991 Cooperative Name and Series Authorities Established 202,028 204,254 Subject Headings Established 899 1,630 Cooperative Subject Headings Established 1,322 2,086 Books Received for Processing in the Acquisitions 2,738,045 2,143,020 and Bibliographic Access Directorate1 Books Completely Processed in the ABA Directorate2 2,177,000 1,681,579

1 Includes 736,833 physical items received from the U.S. Copyright Office and 94,165 received through the Cataloging in Publication Program. Does not include 45,418 additional service copies withdrawn from stacks. 2 Does not include additional service copies withdrawn from stacks.

Table 8. MARC Records in the Library of Congress Database

Category Total Net Increase Bibliographic 18,633,739 542,488 Subject Authorities 428,343 2,221 Name and Series Authorities 10,239,840 290,439 Total Authority Records 10,668,183 292,660 (Subject, Name, and Series) Holdings 21,404,694 516,280 Grand Total 50,706,616 1,351,428

84 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 9. Preservation Treatment Statistics

Treatment Volumes Treated 8,983 Unbound Paper-Based Items Treated 23,821 Photographs Treated 236 Commercial Library Binding (volumes) 117,399 Mass Deacidification (volumes) 193,977 Mass Deacidification (sheets) 1,214,800

Housing/Rehousing Volumes Rehoused (formerly reported as Protective Boxes 8,639 Constructed, for Paper-Based Materials)

Paper-Based Items Rehoused 8,445 Photographs Rehoused or Moved 2,045 Discs, Film (reels), Magnetic Tape (reels/cassettes) Cleaned/Packaged 844

Copying/Reformatting Preservation Photocopying (volumes) 317 Paper-Based Materials Converted to Microfilm (pages)1 8,366,896 Paper-Based Materials Converted to Digital Format (sheets) 168,203 Audio Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 10,229 Video Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 22,776 Motion Picture Films Converted to Digital Format (reels) 2,123 Motion Picture Films Converted on Analog Film (reels) 298

General Preservation of the Collections Items Assessed 843,708 Items Surveyed, Paper-Based 33,180 Items Surveyed, Photographs 305 Items Surveyed, Other Formats 1,899 Pieces Labeled 17,024

1 Includes 2,146,446 pages microfilmed or microfiched in the Library’s overseas offices.

85 Table 10. Number of Copyright Registrations by Subject Matter, Fiscal 2018

Category of Material Published Unpublished Total Non-Dramatic Literary Works: Monographs and Computer-Related Works 142,165 55,159 197,324 Serials: Serials (Non-Group) 43,350 — 43,350 Group Daily Newspapers/Newsletters 2,281 — 2,281 Group Serials 9,280 — 9,280 Total literary works 197,076 55,159 252,235 Works of the Performing Arts, Including Musical Works, 69,346 67,053 136,399 Dramatic Works, Choreography and Pantomimes, and Motion Pictures and Filmstrips Works of the Visual Arts, Including Two-Dimensional 52,079 41,572 93,651 Works of Fine and Graphic Art, Sculptural Works, Technical Drawings and Models, Photographs, Cartographic Works, Commercial Prints and Labels, and Works of Applied Arts Sound Recordings 26,067 51,149 77,216 Total Basic Registrations 344,568 214,933 559,501 Renewals 356 — 356 Mask Work Registrations 156 — 156 Vessel Hull Design Registrations 0 — 0 Grand Total All Registrations 560,013 Preregistrations 546 Documents Recorded 21,668

86 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 11. U.S. Copyright Office Business Summary: Fee Receipts and Interest, Fiscal 2018

Feeds Receipts Recorded1 Copyright Registration $28,542,080 Registration Special Handling/Expedited Services 1,936,000 Renewal Registration 15,925 Vessel Hull Design Registration 12,510 Mask Works Registration 6,480 Subtotal $30,512,995

Notice of Intention (NOI) $4,576,665 Recordation of Documents 2,772,708 Certifications 525,350 Recordation Special Handling/Expedited Services 167,200 Other Services & Fees 139,540 DCMA 78,558 Preregistrations 35,980 Searches 27,598 Other Licensing Fees 11,110 Subtotal $8,334,709

Total Receipts Recorded $38,847,704 Investment Earnings 117,514 Reconciling Transactions2 450 Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation3 $38,965,668

1 “Receipts Recorded” are fee and interest receipts entered into the Copyright Office’s systems as offsetting collections of the Copyright Office Basic Appropriation. Receipts recorded does not include fee or interest receipts from remitters required to file statements of account with the U.S. Copyright Office under the statutory licensing provisions of the Copyright Act or fees to participate in proceedings of the copyright royalty judges. 2“Reconciling Transactions” include amounts pending association with an identified fee type, corrections, adjustments and pending deposit account corrections. 3“Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation” are income from fees and deposit account interest that were fully cleared and deposited to the Copyright Office appropriation account within the fiscal year.

87 Table 12. Services to Individuals Who are Blind or Physically Handicapped

Collection Book Titles Available on BARD Site 105,091 Audio Titles Added in FY 2018 6,174 Audio Magazine Issues Added in FY 2018 1,303 Braille Books Added in FY 2018 853 Braille Magazine Issues Added in FY 2018 490 Music Collection 24,836

Books Patrons Circulation Digital Cartridge 334,224 13,292,597 Digital Download (BARD) 50,550 3,858,163 Cassette 15,434 89,984 Braille 29,829 157,421 E-braille (BARD) 9,030 191,268 Readers Abroad1 454 24,220 Music1 4,226 37,330 Large Print Books Distributed by Network 170,055 246,356

Magazines Patrons Circulation Digital Cartridge 52,811 1,077,640 Digital Download (BARD) 10,926 180,355 Braille 29,496 127,917 E-Braille (BARD) 1,282 15,806 Readers Abroad 139 4,598 Music 202 927 Large Print2 263,868 1,583,837

Miscellaneous Patrons Circulation3 (NLS Patrons served with related media from Network Libraries) Descriptive Videos, NEWSLINE, Loans of Assistive 562,472 135,843 Technology, Downloads Other Than BARD

1 Includes physical distribution and BARD. 2 Figures include Talking Book Topics and Braille Book Review subscriptions. 3 NEWSLINE and Loans of Assistive Technology do not have a complementary circulation count.

88 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 13. Reader Services: Direct Reference Service

Division In Person Corres. Telephone Web/email Total African and Middle Eastern 1,137 20 1,499 6,628 9,284 American Folklife Center/ 10,774 19 1,318 3,426 15,537 Veterans History Project Asian 4,409 0 400 2,773 7,582 European 5,202 65 1,413 2,439 9,119 Geography and Map 17,205 0 0 2,259 19,464 Hispanic 15,193 99 4,622 8,206 28,120 Manuscript 36,501 63 2,311 7,922 46,797 Motion Picture, 1,776 9 1,982 10,190 13,957 Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Music 3,201 17 1,012 3,194 7,424 Prints and Photographs 10,065 52 1,300 8,322 19,739 Rare Books and Special 1,955 17 925 5,554 8,451 Collections Researcher and 32,380 229 3,975 16,934 53,518 Reference Services Science, Technology 12,891 2,233 3,522 8,957 27,603 And Business Serial and Government 54,786 32 5,130 13,482 73,430 Publications Library Services Total 207,475 2,855 29,409 100,286 340,025 Law Library 11,121 75 3,778 3,680 18,654 Total 218,596 2,930 33,187 103,966 358,679

Not included here are statistics for the U.S. Copyright Office, which answered 197,773 inquires in fiscal 2018. Also not included here are statistics for the Congressional Research Service, which responded to approximately 497,000 requests from members of Congress and congressional staff — a figure that includes direct use of CRS reports. The congressional audience visited the CRS website about 435,000 times, and viewed CRS research products more than 560,000 times.

89 Table 14. Items Circulated

Circulation of Items For Use Within the Library American Folklife Center/Veterans History Project 3,309 African and Middle Eastern Division 3,374 Asian Division 10,326 European Division 29,608 Geography and Map Division 53,231 Hispanic Division 10,757 Manuscript Division 57,955 Motion Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded Sound Division 6,144 Music Division 136,457 Prints and Photographs Division 180,214 Rare Book and Special Collections Division 7,897 Reader Reference Services 248,898 Science, Technology and Business Division 5,016 Serial and Government Publications Division 82,848 Library Services Reading Rooms Total 836,034 Law Library 19,307 CMD (for Kluge Center, Library work units) 34,597 Total circulated for use within the Library 889,938

Items circulated for use outside the Library 68,427 Total tangible items circulated for use 958,365

90 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Table 15. Cataloging Distribution Service: Financial Statistics Fiscal 2018 Source of Income General $1,556,797 U.S. Government Libraries 36,865 Foreign Libraries 733,526 Total Gross Sales $2,327,188

Analysis of Total Income Cataloger’s Desktop 606,904 Classification Web 1,080,387 MARC Files and MARC Publications 639,898 Miscellaneous Publications 0 Technical Publications 0 Total Gross Sales $2,327,188 Adjustments 0 Total Net Sales $2,327,188

Transfers Fees Transferred to Appropriation $2,327,188 Fees Transferred to Miscellaneous Receipts 0 Total Fees Transferred $2,327,188

91 Table 16. Library Permanent Employment by Service Unit

Office of the Librarian 110 Office of Chief Information Officer 330 Office of Chief Operating Officer 242 Congressional Research Service 543 U.S. Copyright Office 414 Law Library 71 Library Services 1,144 National and International Outreach 230 Office of the Inspector General 12 Total Permanent Library Employees 3,096 Demographics Average Years of Library of Congress Service 16 Average Years of Federal Service 17 Average Age 50 Males 1,368 Females 1,728 American Indian/Alaska Native 14 Asian 263 Black/African American 940 Hispanic/Latino 100 Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 2 White 1,752 Two or More 25 Total Permanent Library Employees 3,096

Includes employees funded by appropriated and non-appropriated sources. The Library’s attrition rate for permanent employees was 6.94 percent in fiscal 2018.

Opposite: Comics line display shelves at Geppi’s Entertainment Museum in . Stephen A. Geppi donated more than 3,000 items from his collection of comics and popular art to the Library. Shawn Miller

92 2018 Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

ISBN 9780844495781

101 Independence Ave, SE Washington, DC 20540 tel (202) 707-5000 loc.gov 9 780844 495781

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