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Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Most-Favored- Nation Trade Status for China May 28, 1993

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Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Most-Favored- Nation Trade Status for China May 28, 1993 May 28 / Administration of William J. Clinton, 1993 Letter to Congressional Leaders Transmitting a Report on Most-Favored- Nation Trade Status for China May 28, 1993 Dear Mr. Speaker: (Dear Mr. President:) of an Executive Order which enumerates the Pursuant to subsection 402(d)(1) of the Trade specific conditions which I have established with Act of 1974, as amended, 19 U.S.C. 2432(d)(1) respect to a further extension of the waiver next (``the Act''), I hereby submit the attached report year for the period beginning July 3, 1994. concerning the continuation of a waiver of appli- Sincerely, cation of subsections (a) and (b) of section 402 of the Act to the People's Republic of China. WILLIAM J. CLINTON The report explains my reasons for having deter- mined that continuation of the waiver currently NOTE: Identical letters were sent to Thomas S. in effect for the People's Republic of China Foley, Speaker of the House of Representatives, will substantially promote the objectives of sec- and Albert Gore, Jr., President of the Senate. The tion 402. In addition, I am also transmitting Executive order and related determination are herewith for your further information a copy listed in Appendix D at the end of this volume. Report to Congress Concerning Extension of Waiver Authority for the People's Republic of China May 28, 1993 Pursuant to section 402(d)(1) of the Trade Chinese Foreign Travel Policies Act of 1974 (hereinafter ``the Act''), having de- In FY 1992, 75,758 U.S. visas were issued termined that further extension of the waiver worldwide to tourists and business visitors from authority granted by section 402(c) of the Act China, a 35 percent increase over FY 1991 and for the twelve-month period beginning July 3, a 76 percent increase over FY 1988. Foreign 1993 will substantially promote the objectives travel by Chinese-government sponsored busi- of section 402, I have today determined that nessmen alone increased by 48 percent in FY continuation of the waiver currently applicable 1992, reflecting Deng Xiaoping's policies of ac- to China will also substantially promote the ob- celerating China's opening to the outside world. jectives of section 402 of the Act. My determina- tion is attached and is incorporated herein. In FY 1992, 18,908 student visas (including exchange students) were issued, a decline from FY 1991 of 14 percent but still 8 percent greater Freedom of Emigration Determination than FY 1988. The decline was probably the In FY 1992, 26,711 U.S. immigrant visas were result in part of a recent new directive requiring issued in China. The U.S. numerical limitation Chinese college graduates educated at state ex- for immigrants from China was fully met. The pense to work for five years before applying principal restraint on increased emigration con- for privately-funded overseas study. A drop in tinues to be the capacity and willingness of other funding from recession-strapped U.S. schools nations to absorb Chinese immigrants, not Chi- and relatives may also have played a role. nese policy. After considering all the relevant Chinese students continue to return from information, I have concluded that continuing overseas for visits without any apparent problem. the MFN waiver will preserve the gains already With the exception of student activist Shen achieved on freedom of emigration and encour- Tong, we are not aware of any case in which age further progress. There, thus, continues to Chinese living in the U.S. who returned to be progress in freedom of emigration from China for visits after June 1989 were prevented China; we will continue to urge more progress. from leaving again. Shen was detained in Sep- 772 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 09:59 Oct 16, 2000 Jkt 190399 PO 00000 Frm 00772 Fmt 1240 Sfmt 1240 D:\DOCS\PAP_TEXT APPS10 PsN: PAP_TEXT Administration of William J. Clinton, 1993 / May 28 tember 1992 and then expelled from China two prisoners on a list presented them earlier in months later for trying to establish a Beijing June of that year. Since then, the Chinese have chapter of his Fund for Chinese Democracy. released additional political prisoners, including Xu Wenli, Han Dongfang, Wang Youcai, Luo Human Rights Issues Haixing, Xiong Yan, Yang Wei, Wang Zhixin, As detailed in the Department's annual Zhang Weiguo, Wang Dan, Wang Xizhe, Gao human rights report, China's human rights prac- Shan, Bao Zunxin, and a number of Catholic tices remain repressive and fall far short of clergy and lesser known activists. We continue internationally-accepted norms. Freedoms of to press for a general amnesty and for permis- speech, assembly, association, and religion are sion for international humanitarian organizations sharply restricted. to have access to Chinese prisons. We have also China understands that the Clinton Adminis- pressed for improvement in the conditions of tration has made human rights a cornerstone those in Chinese prisons. of our foreign policy. We have already repeat- China has publicly acknowledged that domes- edly raised our concerns with the Chinese au- tic human rights policies are a legitimate topic thorities and we intend to press at every oppor- of international discussion. China has hosted tunity for observance of internationally accepted human rights delegations from France, Australia, standards of human rights practice. the U.K., and Germany. China sent several dele- We have made numerous requests for infor- gations to the U.S. and Europe, as well as mation on specific human rights cases. China Southeast Asia, to study foreign human rights has provided information on some of these cases practices and issued a ``white paper'' maintaining but further and more complete responses are that basic human rights are observed in China necessary. The Chinese recently released, prior and arguing that a country's human rights record to completion of their sentences, several promi- should be viewed in light of its own history nent dissidents whom we had identified on lists and culture. We reject this limited definition provided to them. These included not only of human rights but believe it is a significant Tiananmen-era demonstrators but also Democ- step forward that China is willing to debate racy Wall (circa 1979) activists. We hope this human rights issues with its international critics. is the first step toward a broad and general The U.S. continually raises with the Chinese amnesty for all prisoners of conscience. government the need for protection of Tibet's The Chinese promised then Secretary Baker distinctive religion and culture. We are con- in 1991 that all Chinese citizens, regardless of cerned about China's heavy-handed suppression their political views, have the right to travel of political demonstrations in the Tibetan Auton- abroad. The only exceptions are citizens who omous Region. Demonstrations continue to re- are imprisoned, have criminal proceedings pend- sult in instances of brutal beatings and long de- ing against them, or have received court notices tentions. China has admitted some foreign ob- concerning civil cases. A number of prominent servers to Tibet and to the main Lhasa prison. dissidents, despite long delays, have been able Diplomatic reports state that the Chinese Gov- to leave China. Some others have not. Those ernment is providing funds for rebuilding mon- who have been able to obtain exit permits in asteries and that monks are now provided more the past year include labor leader Han leeway in their religious practices. In recent Dongfang, writers Wang Ruowang and Bai Hua, years, an increasing number of Han Chinese scientist Wen Yuankai, journalists Wang have moved to the Tibetan Autonomous Region Ruoshui, Zhang Weiguo, and Zhu Xingqing, and in search of economic opportunity. We will con- scholar Liu Qing. Others, like Hou Xiaotian, Yu tinue to monitor closely reports that the PRC Haocheng, and Li Honglin, continue to face dif- is encouraging involuntary emigration to areas ficulties in obtaining exit permission, although traditionally settled by Tibetans. So far, we have the Chinese have informed us Hou Xiaotian will found no evidence of a Chinese government soon receive an exit visa. We continue to press policy to this effect. This is, however, an area the Chinese on these and other cases. of considerable concern given the relatively Our goal is the release of all those held solely small Tibetan population. We join many others for the peaceful expression of their political and in urging the Chinese government to establish religious views. In November 1991, the Chinese conditions under which the unique Tibetan cul- confirmed to Secretary Baker the release of 133 ture and religion will be protected. 773 VerDate 11-MAY-2000 09:59 Oct 16, 2000 Jkt 190399 PO 00000 Frm 00773 Fmt 1240 Sfmt 1240 D:\DOCS\PAP_TEXT APPS10 PsN: PAP_TEXT May 28 / Administration of William J. Clinton, 1993 Nonproliferation Issues major expansion of our economic and trade rela- China's support for global nonproliferation ini- tions. In 1992, bilateral trade topped $33 billion, tiatives has increased substantially since the be- with Chinese exports of $25.8 billion and U.S. ginning of 1992. In March 1992, China acceded exports of $7.5 billion. China was our fastest to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) growing export market in Asia in 1992 as U.S. and adhered to the Missile Technology Control exports to China rose by 19 percent. In turn, Regime (MTCR) guidelines and parameters. In the United States remains China's largest export January 1993, Beijing became an original signa- market, absorbing about 30 percent of China's tory to the Chemical Weapons Convention total exports. (CWC). China now is a party to all of the lead- China maintains multiple, overlapping barriers ing nonproliferation agreements.
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