Universidad De San Carlos De Guatemala Escuela De Historia Carrera De Arqueología

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Universidad De San Carlos De Guatemala Escuela De Historia Carrera De Arqueología UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA ESCUELA DE HISTORIA CARRERA DE ARQUEOLOGÍA “Análisis de artefactos malacológicos provenientes del sitio arqueológico El Zotz, Petén, Guatemala” YENY MYSHELL GUTIÉRREZ CASTILLO Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, Guatemala, C.A. Julio de 2015 UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA ESCUELA DE HISTORIA CARRERA DE ARQUEOLOGÍA “Análisis de artefactos malacológicos provenientes del sitio arqueológico El Zotz, Petén, Guatemala” TESIS Presentada por: YENY MYSHELL GUTIÉRREZ CASTILLO Previo a conferírsele el título de: ARQUEÓLOGA En el grado de LICENCIADA Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción, Guatemala, C.A. Julio de 2015 UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA ESCUELA DE HISTORIA AUTORIDADES UNIVERSITARIAS RECTOR: Dr. Carlos Guillermo Alvarado Cerezo SECRETARIO: Dr. Carlos Camey AUTORIDADES DE LAS ESCUELA DE HISTORIA DIRECTOR: Dra. Artemis Torres Valenzuela SECRETARIO: Licda. Olga Pérez CONSEJO DIRECTIVO DIRECTOR: SECRETARIO: Vocal I (Representante Docente): Dra. Tania Sagastume Paiz Vocal II (Representante Docente): Licda. María Laura Lizeth Jiménez Chacón Vocal III (Representante de Graduados): Licda. Zoila Rodríguez Girón Vocal IV: (Representante Estudiantil): Amalia Judith Tzunux Sanic Vocal V: (Representante Estudiantil): Byron Anderson Chivalán ASESOR DE TESIS Mtro. Edwin René Román Ramírez COMITÉ DE TESIS Mtra. Lucía Prado Mtra. Griselda Pérez Robles ―Los autores serán responsables de las opiniones o criterios expresados en su obra‖. Capitulo V, Arto. 11 del Reglamento del Consejo Editorial de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala‖ DEDICATORIA A Dios por ser el fundamento y quien guía mi camino a lo largo de la vida y sin quien cada meta propuesta no sería realizada. Infinitas gracias por cada día, por cada oportunidad, gracias por todo. A mis padres Rosa Castillo Galindo y Héctor Leonel Gutiérrez Barillas con amor y agradecimiento por sus esfuerzos, consejos, ejemplo, apoyo, comprensión, motivación, amor, en especial a mi Madre porque sin usted este pequeño logro no sería posible. Eternas gracias. A mis abuelos Francisca Galindo Martínez, Adalberto Castillo Castillo (+), María Julia Barillas, Isidro Gutiérrez (+), por ser personas de ejemplo y lucha, en especial a mi ―Panchita‖ porque cada oración ha sido de bendición, porque sus consejos, esfuerzo y apoyo han sido invaluable y esencial durante mi vida. A mis hermanas Karin, Rosita, Mayra, por ser siempre parte especial de cada momento de mi vida, y a mis sobrinas Gabrielita, Jimena y Kamila, como un pequeño ejemplo, las adoro. A mis tíos por ser ejemplo a seguir, con mucho cariño, especialmente a Adalberto y Víctor Castillo. A mi familia en general, especialmente a mi primo Víctor Jesús Castillo Aguilar, por ser mi amigo, mi hermano, ejemplo y parte importante de mi carrera, con mucho cariño. A Jose Luis Garrido López, porque sin su apoyo, ejemplo, consejos, amor, dedicación y cada detalle, este esfuerzo y logro no sería posible, infinitas gracias porque has sido parte fundamental de mi carrera, de esta tesis y de mi vida, con amor. A la Familia Garrido López, por su apoyo y aprecio, con mucho cariño. Y a quienes han sido parte importante de mi vida, de mi carrera y de esta tesis, dedicado a ustedes con cariño y gratitud. AGRADECIMIENTOS A la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, especialmente a la Escuela de Historia. Al PAEZ, en especial al Dr. Stephen Houston, Mtro. Edwin Román y Dr. Thomas Garrison por permitirme trabajar el presente tema y por sus sugerencias y valioso apoyo en la realización del mismo. Igualmente a la Fundación PACUNAM, que desde el año 2011, subvenciona las investigaciones del PAEZ. A mi asesor Mtro. Edwin René Román Ramírez por su asesoría, información bibliográfica, valiosos aportes y entusiasmo en la realización de este trabajo. A mis lectoras Mtra. Lucía Margarita Prado Castro por su invaluable apoyo, material bibliográfico e indicaciones obtenidas durante el análisis del material y en la elaboración final de esta tesis y a la Mtra. Griselda Pérez Robles por su gran apoyo, observaciones, sugerencias brindadas a la misma. Al Instituto de Antropología e Historia, DEMOPRE, en especial a la Mtra. Ana Lucía Arroyave y Rita Casas, por permitir llevar a cabo parte del análisis de materiales malacológicos recuperados por el PAEZ en sus instalaciones. A Julio Cotom, por sus indicaciones y valiosa colaboración durante el análisis del material y en la elaboración de esta tesis. Asimismo el apoyo con documentación de la Mtra. Damaris Menéndez y sus observaciones para el análisis y ala Licda. Gabriela Palomo. Al Dr. James Doyle por facilitarme textos de apoyo, también a Elizabeth Sibley, Melanie Kingsley, André Rivas, PAEZ, por sus fotografías del material. Al Proyecto Regional San Bartolo, en especial a la Licda. Patricia Castillo y al Proyecto Arqueológico Cuenca El Mirador por permitirme observar parte de su material malacológico. Al Dr. Edgar Carpio, Licda. Marlen Garnica, Dr. Carlos Navarrete, Dra. Lynneth Lowe, por sus sugerencias y proporcionar valiosa bibliografía para este estudio, igualmente a la Licda., Olga Pérez, por su apoyo. A todos los que de una u otra forma colaboraron con la presente investigación. ÍNDICE Introducción. CAPÍTULO I. Diseño de la investigación .............................................................................. 11 I. Justificación……………………………………………………………………….....11 II. Objetivos Generales y Específicos…………………………………………..............12 III. Planteamiento del problema………………………………………………................12 IV. Delimitación Temporal y Espacial…………………………………………………..13 V. Hipótesis……………………………………………………………………….….…13 VI. Metodología………………………………………………………….……...............14 VI.I. Método de investigación ................................................................................................ 14 VI.I.1. El Método analítico ..................................................................................................... 14 VI.I.2. Técnicas ...................................................................................................................... 15 VII. Marco Teórico………………………………………………………………………..17 VII.1. Funcionalismo .............................................................................................................. 17 VII.2. Arqueología ambiental ................................................................................................. 18 CAPÍTULO II. El sitio arqueológico El Zotz, sitios adyacentes y su entorno natural ........... 23 II.1. Ambiente natural de las Tierras Altas ............................................................................. 23 II.2. Ambiente natural de Petén .............................................................................................. 25 II.3. Marco Geográfico: El Zotz, Petén, Guatemala ............................................................... 28 II.3.1. La Acrópolis ................................................................................................................ 32 II.3.2. Grupo Norte o Las Palmitas ......................................................................................... 32 II.3.3. Grupo Sur ..................................................................................................................... 34 II.3.4. Grupo El Diablo ........................................................................................................... 35 II.3.5. Grupo Este ................................................................................................................... 36 II.3.6. Plaza o Grupo de los Cinco Templos ........................................................................... 37 II.3.7. El Grupo La Tortuga .................................................................................................... 38 II.3.8. Grupo El Tejón ............................................................................................................ 39 II.3.9. Asentamiento prehispánico El Palmar ......................................................................... 41 II.3.10. Asentamiento prehispánico El Bejucal ...................................................................... 42 II.3.11. Asentamiento prehispánico La Avispa ...................................................................... 43 II.4. Investigaciones en el sitio arqueológico El Zotz ............................................................ 44 II.5. Materiales culturales de El Zotz ..................................................................................... 56 II.5.1. Cerámica ...................................................................................................................... 56 II.5.2. Lítica ............................................................................................................................ 59 II.5.3. Osteología .................................................................................................................... 60 CAPÍTULO III. Generalidades: Materiales, artefactos malacológicos y comercio ............... 63 III.1. Aspectos malacológicos ................................................................................................ 63 III.1.1. Malacología: Definición ............................................................................................. 63 III.1.2. Conquiliología ............................................................................................................ 63 III.1.3. Arqueomalacología ....................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Investigaciones Arqueológicas En La Región De Holmul, Peten, Guatemala
    INVESTIGACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN LA REGIÓN DE HOLMUL, PETEN, GUATEMALA. INFORME PRELIMINAR DE LA TEMPORADA, 2004 Francisco Estrada-Belli (Director) Judith Valle (co-Directora) Ave sagrada de Holmul, pato aguja Dirección: Vanderbilt University Department of Anthropology Box 306050 Station B Nashville, TN 37235 Investigaciones arqueológicas en la región de la ciudad de Holmul, Petén, 2004. Introducción La temporada de 2004 fue una de las más largas y mas exitosas desde que se hayan iniciado las investigaciones arqueológicas en Holmul del Proyecto Arqueológico de Holmul en el año 2000. Este trabajo de campo se llevó a cabo desde Marzo a Julio de 2004 bajo la dirección de su servidor, Dr. Francisco Estrada-Belli y de la Licda. Judith Valle como co-directora. Tomaron parte a las labores arqueólogos y estudiantes avanzados de universidades de EEUU y Guatemala, así como expertos en varias disciplinas como Heather Hurst, el conservador Alberto Semeraro (Italia) y el Dr. Gene Ware que es un experto de fotografía digital de pinturas murales. A estos profesionales se añade el Lic. Bernard Hermes quien nos proporcionó asesoría durante el análisis cerámico. Mas de 30 laborantes de la comunidad de Melchor de Mencos completaron el equipo técnico de Holmul. En esta temporada se enfocaron tres temas principales de nuestra investigación arqueológica en esta región. Estos se identifican con: El desarrollo de la arquitectura e ideología sagrada en el Preclásico y su transición al Clásico Temprano. Este tema se enfoco con excavaciones de pozos en la plaza mayor de Cival (Grupo E), el Grupo Triádico y un muro defensivo alrededor de Cival.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigaciones Arqueológicas En La Región De Holmul, Petén: Cival, Y K’O
    INVESTIGACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN LA REGIÓN DE HOLMUL, PETÉN: CIVAL, Y K’O. INFORME PRELIMINAR DE LA TEMPORADA 2008 Francisco Estrada-Belli, Director Pendiente en forma de hacha-efigie del dios Chaak. Cival, ofrenda CIV.T.64.05. Preclásico Tardío Proyecto Arqueológico Holmul Boston University Archaeology Department 675 Commonwealth Avenue Boston MA 02215 Email: [email protected] URL http://www.bu.edu/holmul/reports/informe_08_layout.pdf Informe Proyecto Holmul 2008 INDICE Capitulo 1 Resumen de la temporada de campo de 2008 del Proyecto Arqueológico Holmul................................................................................................................................ 7 Capitulo 2 Hill Group 45 CIV.L. 03.............................................................................. 21 Capitulo 3 Hill-Group 10 CIV.T.53 ............................................................................. 22 Capitulo 4 Hill Group 45 CIV.T.51............................................................................... 26 Capitulo 5 Hill Group 38................................................................................................ 31 Capitulo 6 Hill Group 45 L.01 ....................................................................................... 35 Capitulo 7 Hill Group 4 L. 04 ........................................................................................ 36 Capitulo 8 Hill Group 36 CIV.T. 62.............................................................................. 37 Capitulo 9 Hill Group 37, Excavación CIV.T.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rulers of Palenque a Beginner’S Guide
    The Rulers of Palenque A Beginner’s Guide By Joel Skidmore With illustrations by Merle Greene Robertson Citation: 2008 The Rulers of Palenque: A Beginner’s Guide. Third edition. Mesoweb: www. mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/PalenqueRulers-03.pdf. Publication history: The first edition of this work, in html format, was published in 2000. The second was published in 2007, when the revised edition of Martin and Grube’s Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens was still in press, and this third conforms to the final publica- tion (Martin and Grube 2008). To check for a more recent edition, see: www.mesoweb.com/palenque/resources/rulers/rulers.html. Copyright notice: All drawings by Merle Greene Robertson unless otherwise noted. Mesoweb Publications The Rulers of Palenque INTRODUCTION The unsung pioneer in the study of Palenque’s dynastic history is Heinrich Berlin, who in three seminal studies (Berlin 1959, 1965, 1968) provided the essential outline of the dynasty and explicitly identified the name glyphs and likely accession dates of the major Early and Late Classic rulers (Stuart 2005:148-149). More prominent and well deserved credit has gone to Linda Schele and Peter Mathews (1974), who summarized the rulers of Palenque’s Late Classic and gave them working names in Ch’ol Mayan (Stuart 2005:149). The present work is partly based on the transcript by Phil Wanyerka of a hieroglyphic workshop presented by Schele and Mathews at the 1993 Maya Meet- ings at Texas (Schele and Mathews 1993). Essential recourse has also been made to the insights and decipherments of David Stuart, who made his first Palenque Round Table presentation in 1978 at the age of twelve (Stuart 1979) and has recently advanced our understanding of Palenque and its rulers immeasurably (Stuart 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • Moluscos Del Perú
    Rev. Biol. Trop. 51 (Suppl. 3): 225-284, 2003 www.ucr.ac.cr www.ots.ac.cr www.ots.duke.edu Moluscos del Perú Rina Ramírez1, Carlos Paredes1, 2 y José Arenas3 1 Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Avenida Arenales 1256, Jesús María. Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, Perú. 2 Laboratorio de Invertebrados Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 11-0058, Lima-11, Perú. 3 Laboratorio de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma. Av. Benavides 5400, Surco. P.O. Box 18-131. Lima, Perú. Abstract: Peru is an ecologically diverse country, with 84 life zones in the Holdridge system and 18 ecological regions (including two marine). 1910 molluscan species have been recorded. The highest number corresponds to the sea: 570 gastropods, 370 bivalves, 36 cephalopods, 34 polyplacoforans, 3 monoplacophorans, 3 scaphopods and 2 aplacophorans (total 1018 species). The most diverse families are Veneridae (57spp.), Muricidae (47spp.), Collumbellidae (40 spp.) and Tellinidae (37 spp.). Biogeographically, 56 % of marine species are Panamic, 11 % Peruvian and the rest occurs in both provinces; 73 marine species are endemic to Peru. Land molluscs include 763 species, 2.54 % of the global estimate and 38 % of the South American esti- mate. The most biodiverse families are Bulimulidae with 424 spp., Clausiliidae with 75 spp. and Systrophiidae with 55 spp. In contrast, only 129 freshwater species have been reported, 35 endemics (mainly hydrobiids with 14 spp. The paper includes an overview of biogeography, ecology, use, history of research efforts and conser- vation; as well as indication of areas and species that are in greater need of study.
    [Show full text]
  • Canuto-Et-Al.-2018.Pdf
    RESEARCH ◥ shows field systems in the low-lying wetlands RESEARCH ARTICLE SUMMARY and terraces in the upland areas. The scale of wetland systems and their association with dense populations suggest centralized planning, ARCHAEOLOGY whereas upland terraces cluster around res- idences, implying local management. Analy- Ancient lowland Maya complexity as sis identified 362 km2 of deliberately modified ◥ agricultural terrain and ON OUR WEBSITE another 952 km2 of un- revealed by airborne laser scanning Read the full article modified uplands for at http://dx.doi. potential swidden use. of northern Guatemala org/10.1126/ Approximately 106 km science.aau0137 of causeways within and .................................................. Marcello A. Canuto*†, Francisco Estrada-Belli*†, Thomas G. Garrison*†, between sites constitute Stephen D. Houston‡, Mary Jane Acuña, Milan Kováč, Damien Marken, evidence of inter- and intracommunity con- Philippe Nondédéo, Luke Auld-Thomas‡, Cyril Castanet, David Chatelain, nectivity. In contrast, sizable defensive features Carlos R. Chiriboga, Tomáš Drápela, Tibor Lieskovský, Alexandre Tokovinine, point to societal disconnection and large-scale Antolín Velasquez, Juan C. Fernández-Díaz, Ramesh Shrestha conflict. 2 CONCLUSION: The 2144 km of lidar data Downloaded from INTRODUCTION: Lowland Maya civilization scholars has provided a unique regional perspec- acquired by the PLI alter interpretations of the flourished from 1000 BCE to 1500 CE in and tive revealing substantial ancient population as ancient Maya at a regional scale. An ancient around the Yucatan Peninsula. Known for its well as complex previously unrecognized land- population in the millions was unevenly distrib- sophistication in writing, art, architecture, as- scape modifications at a grand scale throughout uted across the central lowlands, with varying tronomy, and mathematics, this civilization is the central lowlands in the Yucatan peninsula.
    [Show full text]
  • (Approx) Mixed Micro Shells (22G Bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22G Bag Provides Hours of Fun; Some Interesting Foraminifera Also Included
    Special Price £ US$ Family Genus, species Country Quality Size Remarks w/o Photo Date added Category characteristic (€) (approx) (approx) Mixed micro shells (22g bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22g bag provides hours of fun; some interesting Foraminifera also included. 17/06/21 Mixed micro shells Ischnochitonidae Callistochiton pulchrior Panama F+++ 89mm € 1,80 £1,55 $2,10 21/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Chaetopleura lurida Panama F+++ 2022mm € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Hairy girdles, beautifully preserved. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 30mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 27.9mm € 2,80 £2,42 $3,27 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Stenoplax limaciformis Panama F+++ 16mm+ € 6,50 £5,61 $7,60 Uncommon. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Philippines F+++ 25mm+ € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Hairy margins, beautifully preserved. 04/08/17 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Australia F+++ 25mm+ € 2,60 £2,25 $3,04 02/06/18 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 41mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 32mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 44mm+ € 5,00 £4,32 $5,85 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F++ 35mm € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 29mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Caribbean.
    [Show full text]
  • Holmul, Cival, La Sufricaya Y K'o. Informe Preliminar De La Te
    INVESTIGACIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN LA REGIÓN DE HOLMUL, PETEN: HOLMUL, CIVAL, LA SUFRICAYA Y K’O. INFORME PRELIMINAR DE LA TEMPORADA 2007 Francisco Estrada-Belli Figurilla del dios de Maiz. Chultun en la Plaza Norte de Cival. Preclásico Medio. Altura, ca. 8 cm Vanderbilt University, Department of Anthropology Box 306050 Station B Nashville, TN 37235 ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................... 3 HOLMUL .............................................................................................................................. 6 EDIFICIO N, GRUPO II.......................................................................................................... 6 EDIFICIO B, GRUPO II ........................................................................................................ 12 EXCAVACIONES EN LA PLAZA ESTE FRENTE A LA ESTRUCTURA 7 ..................................... 21 CONSERVACIÓN EN EL GRUPO III....................................................................................... 23 CIVAL ................................................................................................................................ 25 MAPEO EN CIVAL............................................................................................................... 26 CIVAL, GRUPO E-NORTE ................................................................................................... 30 CIVAL, GRUPO XIII ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mexico), a Riverine Settlement in the Usumacinta Region
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE From Movement to Mobility: The Archaeology of Boca Chinikihá (Mexico), a Riverine Settlement in the Usumacinta Region A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Anthropology by Nicoletta Maestri June 2018 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Wendy Ashmore, Chairperson Dr. Scott L. Fedick Dr. Karl A. Taube Copyright by Nicoletta Maestri 2018 The Dissertation of Nicoletta Maestri is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation talks about the importance of movement and – curiously enough – it is the result of a journey that started long ago and far away. Throughout this journey, several people, in the US, Mexico and Italy, helped me grow personally and professionally and contributed to this accomplishment. First and foremost, I wish to thank the members of my dissertation committee: Wendy Ashmore, Scott Fedick and Karl Taube. Since I first met Wendy, at a conference in Mexico City in 2005, she became the major advocate of me pursuing a graduate career at UCR. I couldn’t have hoped for a warmer and more engaged and encouraging mentor. Despite the rough start and longer path of my graduate adventure, she never lost faith in me and steadily supported my decisions. Thank you, Wendy, for your guidance and for being a constant inspiration. During my graduate studies and in developing my dissertation research, Scott and Karl offered valuable advice, shared their knowledge on Mesoamerican cultures and peoples and provided a term of reference for rigorous and professional work. Aside from my committee, I especially thank Tom Patterson for his guidance and patience in our “one-to-one” core theory meetings.
    [Show full text]
  • Mollusques Terrestres De L'archipel De La Guadeloupe, Petites Antilles
    Mollusques terrestres de l’archipel de la Guadeloupe, Petites Antilles Rapport d’inventaire 2014-2015 Laurent CHARLES 2015 Mollusques terrestres de l’archipel de la Guadeloupe, Petites Antilles Rapport d’inventaire 2014-2015 Laurent CHARLES1 Ce travail a bénéficié du soutien financier de la Direction de l’Environnement de l’Aménagement et du Logement de la Guadeloupe (DEAL971, arrêté RN-2014-019). 1 Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, 5 place Bardineau, F-33000 Bordeaux - [email protected] Citation : CHARLES L. 2015. Mollusques terrestres de l’archipel de la Guadeloupe, Petites Antilles. Rapport d’inventaire 2014-2015. DEAL Guadeloupe. 88 p., 11 pl. + annexes. Couverture : Helicina fasciata SOMMAIRE REMERCIEMENTS .................................................................................................................. 2 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 3 MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES .................................................................................................... 5 RÉSULTATS ............................................................................................................................ 9 Catalogue annoté des espèces ............................................................................................ 9 Espèces citées de manière erronée ................................................................................... 35 Diversité spécifique pour l’archipel ....................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • State Interventionism in the Late Classic Maya Palenque Polity: Household and Community Archaeology at El Lacandón
    STATE INTERVENTIONISM IN THE LATE CLASSIC MAYA PALENQUE POLITY: HOUSEHOLD AND COMMUNITY ARCHAEOLOGY AT EL LACANDÓN by Roberto López Bravo Licenciado en Arqueología, Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1995 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2013 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH KENNETH P. DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Roberto Lopez Bravo It was defended on April 18, 2013 and approved by Katheryn M. Linduff Robert D. Drennan Marc Bermann Olivier de Montmollin Dissertation Advisor ii Copyright © by Roberto López Bravo 2013 iii STATE INTERVENTIONISM IN THE LATE CLASSIC MAYA PALENQUE POLITY: HOUSEHOLD AND COMMUNITY ARCHAEOLOGY AT EL LACANDÓN Roberto López Bravo, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2013 Archaeological materials from seven excavated households (three commoner, three elite and a super-elite) from El Lacandón, a rural settlement of the Ancient Maya Palenque polity in Chiapas, Mexico; are analyzed to examine how households and communities were articulated and later affected by incorporation into larger sociopolitical entities. The study spans El Lacandón’s foundation in the Late Preclassic period (300 B.C. -A.D. 150), its abandonment as part of its assimilation into the Palenque polity at the beginning of the Classic period (ca. A.D. 150), and its re-foundation as a 2nd level community in the political hierarchy of the Palenque polity at the end of the Late Classic (A.D. 750-850). Economic analyses consider patterns of production and consumption.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological Investigations at Holmul, Petén, Guatemala Preliminary Results of the Third Season, 2002
    FAMSI © 2003: Francisco Estrada-Belli Archaeological Investigations at Holmul, Petén, Guatemala Preliminary Results of the Third Season, 2002 With contributions by Britta Watters, John Tomasic (Vanderbilt U.) Katie South (S. Illinois U.), Chris Hewitson (English Heritage), Marc Wolf (T.A.M.S.), Kristen Gardella (U. Penn.), Justin Ebersole, James Doyle, David Bell, Andie Gehlhausen (Vanderbilt U.), Kristen Klein (Florida State U.), Collin Watters (Western Illinois, U.), Claudio Lozano Guerra-Librero (Anphorae), Jena DeJuilio, Shoshuanna Parks (Boston U.), Raul Archila, Luis Salazar, Mynor Silvestre, Mario Penados, Angel Chavez, Enrique Monterroso (USAC, CUDEP). Research Year: 2002 Culture: Maya Chronology: Late Pre-Classic to Classic Location: Petén, Guatemala Sites: Holmul, Cival, Hahakab and La Sufricaya Table of Contents Introduction Methodology Synopsis of the 2002 season results Discovery of Hahakab Other Explorations in the Holmul area Mapping at Holmul Excavations within Holmul site center Group 13 Group III, Court A Group III, Court B South Group 1 Salvage excavations at K’o Investigations at La Sufricaya Summary of excavations in Str. 1 Imaging of the La Sufricaya Murals 1-3 Conservation of Murals Summary of excavations in Stelae 4, 5, 6, 8 Residential buildings at La Sufricaya Investigations at Cival Conclusions and future research directions Acknowledgements List of Figures Sources Cited Appendix A. Ceramics Appendix B. Drawings Appendix C. Epigraphy Introduction The present report summarizes the results of the 2002 field season of the Holmul Archaeological Project at Holmul, Petén and at the sites of Cival, Hahakab and La Sufricaya in its vicinity (Figure 1). This field season was made possible thanks to funding from the National Geographic Society, Vanderbilt University, the Ahau Foundation, FAMSI, Interco, as well as permits extended by IDAEH of Guatemala.
    [Show full text]
  • Land Snail Diversity in Brazil
    2019 25 1-2 jan.-dez. July 20 2019 September 13 2019 Strombus 25(1-2), 10-20, 2019 www.conchasbrasil.org.br/strombus Copyright © 2019 Conquiliologistas do Brasil Land snail diversity in Brazil Rodrigo B. Salvador Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Wellington, New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected] Salvador R.B. (2019) Land snail diversity in Brazil. Strombus 25(1–2): 10–20. Abstract: Brazil is a megadiverse country for many (if not most) animal taxa, harboring a signifi- cant portion of Earth’s biodiversity. Still, the Brazilian land snail fauna is not that diverse at first sight, comprising around 700 native species. Most of these species were described by European and North American naturalists based on material obtained during 19th-century expeditions. Ear- ly 20th century malacologists, like Philadelphia-based Henry A. Pilsbry (1862–1957), also made remarkable contributions to the study of land snails in the country. From that point onwards, however, there was relatively little interest in Brazilian land snails until very recently. The last de- cade sparked a renewed enthusiasm in this branch of malacology, and over 50 new Brazilian spe- cies were revealed. An astounding portion of the known species (circa 45%) presently belongs to the superfamily Orthalicoidea, a group of mostly tree snails with typically large and colorful shells. It has thus been argued that the missing majority would be comprised of inconspicuous microgastropods that live in the undergrowth. In fact, several of the species discovered in the last decade belong to these “low-profile” groups and many come from scarcely studied regions or environments, such as caverns and islands.
    [Show full text]