Rupandehi is a district of Zone comes under the western development region. Lumbini, the birth place of Lord Buddha, the light of Asia, falls under this district. is situated in the lovely lap of the Chure range and bordered by Palpa on the north, India on the south, Kapilvastu on the west and Nawalparasi on the east. The total area of this district is 1172 square kilometer. The geographical position of the district is 83 010’ to 83 030’ longitudes in the east and 27 010’ to 27 045’ latitude in the north. The total surface area of the district is 141,340 ha with an altitude ranging from 95m to 1219m above the sea level. There are 6 major land use categories in Rupandehi district, of which the dominant land use category is cultivated land (68.03%) followed by forest (21.56%). Since the district is under the region, very little amount of Mountain and Rocky cliff is available i.e. 0.29%.

Geographically, Rupandehi district is flat and formed from the alluvial deposits, the surface gradually slopes towards south, hence, the rivers and streams flow towards the same direction. Rupandehi is situated in the tropical bio-climatic zone therefore its climate is sub tropical. There are four distinct seasons occurring in this area namely, spring (pre monsoon) occurs from March-May, summer (monsoon) from June - August, fall (post-monsoon) from September –November, and winter season occurs from December - February. The spring or pre-monsoon season is hot and dry while monsoon or rainy season is hot and humid. In the post-monsoon season days are warm and nights are cool. The winter season is regarded cool and foggy.

The maximum mean temperature of the area is 31 0 C. The highest temperature reaches up to 43.4 0 C around May-June. However, the minimum mean temperature of the area is 18.2 0 C. The lowest temperature goes down below 6 0C in winter. The average annual rainfall recorded is 1174 mm, of which 80% precipitation occurred during the monsoon period.

Politically the district is divided into 7 electoral constituencies, 69 VDCs and 2 Municipalities. Sixty- one percent of the population holds agriculture as their prime source of income, thus agriculture is the life line of the district. The district has good network of link roads and well connected with MRM, SRM and rest of the country and to Indian border. This has paved the way to flourish big factories and small cottage industries, thriving in the economy of the district.

Sixty-six percent of the population is literate consisting 76% male and 56% female. The average life expectancy at birth in the district is remained 68.27% (HDI 2001). Out of the total population 79% have access to drinking water. The district has already declared open defecation free VDC into 15 VDCs and 2 wards (14 and 15) of Municipality.