Organic Structures (Basics) . Block: ___Answer Each Question in T

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Chemistry Worksheet Name: ______Organic Structures (Basics) . Block: ______Answer each question in the space required. Show all work.

Hydrocarbons are a major class of organic compounds. Although by definition they are comprised only of carbon and hydrogen, due to the bonding nature of carbon, the same molecular formula can represent many different compounds (isomers). Below are the skeletal structures for eight C7 isomers.

A B C D ______

E F G H ______

1. What is the molecular formula for the set of eight compounds?

2. Most of the isomers appear to be structural isomers. List, as appropriate, any two that are identical, and any pairs of stereoisomers or enantiomers?

3. The chemical names for three isomers are heptane, 2-methylhexane, and 2,2-dimethylpentane. Write these names in the space below the appropriate isomer in the table. Examine the name patterns; use what you learn to name the remaining isomers. 4. The condensed structural formula is a means to convey information about the structure of a molecule in a typed formula. Complete the list below by writing the condensed structural formula for each of the isomers listed above. The first formula has already been listed for you.

A. C2H5CH(CH3)C3H7 B.

C. D.

E. F.

G. H.

5. In the space below, draw Lewis dot structures for structure B and structure H.

Functional groups are generally side chain attachments to the longest carbon chain in a molecule that alter the chemical activity. Some functional groups add in-line, thus in a sense they alter the nature of the chain itself. Although alkyl groups attach as a side chain, they do little to alter the chemical properties of the parent compound, thus they are really not considered functional groups. The skeletal structures below each show one or more functional groups.

O O H2N I J K L ______

Br Cl HS O N O

M N O P ______

6. Examine the structures. List the functional groups for each. I) K) M) O) J) L) N) P)

7. The chemical names for two of the compounds are hexan-3-amine and hexan-3-one. Write these names in the space below the appropriate compound in the table. Examine the name patterns; use what you learn and your table of functional groups to name remaining isomers. 8. Write the condensed structural formula for each of the compounds listed above. The first formula has already been listed for you.

I. C2H5CH(OH)C3H7 J.

K. L.

M. N.

O. P.

9. In the space below, draw Lewis dot structures for structure J and structure N.