THE AMERICAN

LEGIONMAGAZINE 2 O c • DECEMBER 1963 "WE DESERVE TO LOSE THE 19 64 OLYMPICS" BY OLYMPIC CHAMPION IRVING JAFFEE

f

SEE PAGE 16 JUDGE LOBLE IS TOUGH ON YOUNG CRIMINALS A COURT EXPERIMENT IN HELENA, MONT

SEE PAGE 12 SEE PAGE 9

DANIEL F. FOLEY JIM YELLIG THE LEGION'S NEW COMMANDER AMERICA'S BY NUMBER PETE MARTIN ONE 4 SANTA CLAUS The real beauty of it is what's inside. A taste preferred by far to that of any other whiskey. Give Seagram's 7 Crown and be Sure.

SEAGRAM DISTILLERS COMPANY, . BLENDED WHISKEY. 86 PROOF. 65% GRAIN NEUTRAL SPIRITS ;

The American LEGION DECEMBER 1963 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 Magazine

The American Legion Magazine is published monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, Contents for December 1963 Ky., by The American Legion. Copyright 190.'* by The American Legion. Second-class postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single WHERE WE STAND OR FALL copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, 82.00. Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- BY NATIONAL COMMANDER DANIEL F. FOLEY culation Department of The American Legion, Box Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 The greatest work of the Legion lies in the accumulative P.O. 1055, achievements of its Posts in their towns. CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. lio* 1055, AMERICA'S NUMBER ONE SANTA CLAUS 9 Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office Form 3578. Attach old address label and A Pictorial feature give old and new addresses and current membership card number. Also be sure to If you mail a letter to Santa Claus, you'll agree, after a notify your Post Adjutant. look at page 9, that Jim Yellig is just the man to get it.

The American Legion THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF Executive and Administrative Offices THE AMERICAN LEGION 1963-1964 12 Indianapolis, Indiana 46206 BY PETE MARTIN Daniel F. Foley, National Commander America's best known interviewer interviews Daniel The American Legion F. Foley, of Minnesota, who was elected to head Publications Commission: the Legion at Miami Beach, Sept. 12. Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa (Chairman); Adolph F. Bremer, Winona.

Minn. (Vice Chairman) ; Lang Armstrong, "WHY WE DESERVE TO LOSE THE OLYMPICS" 14 Spokane, Hash.; Charles E. Booth, Hunting- BY IRVING JAFFEE ton, W. Va.; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.; E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Fla.; Clovis Cope- A three-time Olympic skating champion sounds land, Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Digue. Down- Guyman, off on the double standard of amateurism ingtnwn. Pa.; Raymond Fields, Okla. Chris Hernandez. Savannah, Co.; George D. and its Cold War implications. Levy, Sumter, S. C; Edward Longstreth, La Jolla. Calif.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y.; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; Robert MONTANA'S EXPERIMENT WITH JUVENILE CRIME 16 Mitchler, Oswego, 111.; Harry H. Shaffer, Pills- BY DONALD JOHN GIESE burgh, Pa.; Harold \. Shindler, Lafayette, Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greensburg, Ky.; A look at Judge Lester Loble, of Helena, and Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert his removal of secrecy from the trials of H. Wilder. Dadeville, lla. Edward McSweeney, juveniles who commit serious crimes. Armonk, /V. Y. (Consultant)

The American Legion Magazine THE BATTLE OF IN WWII 18 Editorial & Advertising Offices BY DAVID LAVENDER 720 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10019 The all-but-forgotten affair when the guns of war erupted Publisher, James F. O'Neil in the night skies over Los Angeles, Calif. Editor Robert B. Pitkin THE OCARINAS AND THE PLASTER CASTS 20 Art Editor Al Marshall BY ROBERT HAZELLEAF Associate Editors How on earth could playing a "sweet potato" at a John Andreola Roy Miller WWII Army overseas hospital Christmas party James S. Swartz help mend the musician's broken body? Production Manager Ralph Peluso Copy Etlitor SHOULD CONGRESS ENACT THE PRESIDENT'S Grail S. Hanford HOSPITAL CARE PROGRAM FOR THE AGED? 22 Contributing Editor Pete Martin TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson pro: SEN. MAURINE B. NEUBERGER (D-ORE.) Indianapolis, Ind. con: SEN. WALLACE F. BENNETT (R-UTAH) Advertising Director Robert P. Redden Midwestern Adv. Sales Office DR. COLLINS' LIFE-SAVING "DOG TAGS" 24 Ray A. Jones BY LORRAINE JUDSON CARBARY, R.N. 35 East Wackcr Drive Chicago, III. 60601 What the doctor started, to save his Washington Sales Office daughter's life, now protects many thousands. Jack L. Spore 1608 K. St. N.W. Washington. D.C. 20006 Departments Publisher's Representatives West Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 2 VETERANS NEWSLETTER 25 Los Angeles & San Francisco, CaliL Northwest 4 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 27 The Harlowe Co. DATELINE WASHINGTON 7 ROD & GUN CLUB 48 . Wash. 98101 Southeast BOOKS 53 8 LEGION SHOPPER The Dawson Co. 11 PARTING SHOTS 5fi Miami. Fla. & Atlanta, Ga. Detroit Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted fcr consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, Arden E. Roney & Assoc. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Detroit. Mich.

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 antibiotics to combat the bacterial com- plications. M. B. Levin, M.D. LETTERS TO THE EDITOR Baltimore, Md.

sir: You are to be commended on your October article on Ignace Jan Letters published do not necessarily ex- in October on the Gettysburg Address. Paderew- press the policy of The American Legion. ski. When I was only 12 years old I saw Keep letters short. Name and address must My very best wishes to Mr. Mahoney. this fine patriot, shortly before his un- be furnished. Expressions of opinion and Resler requests for personal services are appreci- timely death in June 1941, at a resort in ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or Huntington, N. Y. Ridge, J. answered, due to lack of magazine staff for Oak N. —a dynamic personality these purposes. Requests for personal serv- with a quiet manner, whose words all ices which be legitimately asked sir: Since joining may of the Legion in 1945, I could The American Legion should be made to understand. have never enjoyed an issue of our mag- your Post Service Officer or your state Joseph Warchol (Department) American Legion Hq. Send azine as much as the October issue, nor letters to the editor to: Letters, The Saddle Brook, N. J. was I ever so completely interested in American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- nue. New York, N. Y. 10019. one. The article on the Gettysburg Ad- sir: Warmest congratulations on the dress by Tom Mahoney was especially publication of the October article on sir: I wish each and every American informative and scholarly. However, in Paderewski. It is heartening that the could read "I Saw Cuba Betrayed" by the "Editor's Corner" you said that "VE memory of one of the great geniuses of Dr. Sergio Rojas Santamarina, in the y day was hauled out of April" to be in- the early years of this century has been American Legion Magazine. October corporated with Armistice Day on Nov. brought to mind on the pages of an im- Clarence B. Calkins 11. Wasn't VE Day May 7, 1945? portant national magazine. The spirit of Wayland, Mich. Richard B. Foster this indomitable patriot still lives in Po- Southampton, N. Y. land's struggle for freedom. It was man- sir: I cannot resist congratulations on ifested in the Poznan riots and the pro- May 8 is the recognized date. Thanks. Dr. Rojas' article. It is absolutely factual American demonstrations when Vice and should be on the record. I spent 23 President Nixon visited Warsaw. It is years in for the Star sir: I salute you for the reminder in the Cuba Lone Cement manifested in the continued activities of Corp., until October "Editor's Corner" that August 18, 1960, when our the the constitutional government of the I "meaning of Veterans is to company was seized and had to run Day cele- Polish Republic in London under Presi- flight. brate our victories over from Castro on a Dutch the Kaiser, over dent August Zaliski and Prime Minister Hitler, over Tojo, as well as the accom- L. W. Bishop Antoni Pajak, on the basis that the Con- Winter Park, Fla. plishments of our men and boys who stitution of 1935, and not the communist ." kept at least half of Korea free. . No gang, is the only legal government of sir: I just completed a lecture tour of patriotic American would want a repe- Poland today. This Polish government the and was delighted and tition of what last year happened when in exile, recognized by Ireland and surprised that everywhere I spoke, peo- Alger Hiss was given the platform on Spain, is the only government in the ple in the audience showed me copies a telecast which replaced special a Vet- world that has declared war on the of my article in your October issue. I had erans Day program previously sched- Soviet Union and it is ready, in the event had no idea of the enormous readership uled. of a conflict, to offer a free Polish army of your magazine. James S. Kemper to the cause of freedom, under the lead- Sergio Rojas Santamarina y Kemper Insurance Co. ership of the modern successors to Cologne, Germany Chicago, 111. Kosciuszko and Pulaski. Minor Molain sir: I have never enjoyed a more in- sir: William Gainfort's photos (October, Professor of History teresting magazine than the October "Letters to the Editor") showing people State College of Salem American Legion Magazine. I subscribe ignoring our flag, present a universal Salem, Mass. to more than 25 magazines and journals, problem, and there seems to be no way and frequently get behind in my read- to get them to give the flag the respect sir: You published a letter in October ing, but I always read The American due it. Our flags have been torn down from my son asking WWI vets of the Legion Magazine within a day or two in some countries many times, but how Rainbow Division to write me in the of its arrival. What a documentary film can we expect other countries to show hospital. I wish to thank the hundreds "Cuba Betrayed" would make! My only respect for our flag until we show re- who wrote, as I am unable to answer regret is that our magazine doesn't have spect for it ourselves? personally all the fine people who will circulation of that it the Life, so would Mrs. John G. Raymond, Jr. take time to try to cheer up the sick. I the be read by general public. Santa Susana, Calif. have received letters from California, Mitchell Dreese Kansas, New York, Ohio, Indiana, and Professor of Education sir: As a life member of the Legion, and Minnesota. And many thanks to the men Shippensburg State College 151st a longtime official of William Randolph of the Rainbow Division and the Shippensburg, Pa. Field Artillery, wherever you are. Hearst Post 601, I wish to thank you for "An Aspirin for a Comrade" in the Frank Driscoll The American Legion Magazine's 2,- Oc- tober "Editor's Corner," well Dassel, Minn. 690,710 circulation ranked 16th among as as for your comment on Veterans Day, and on the 127 "leading U.S. consumer maga- sir: In the August issue you mentioned the removal of lapel buttonholes. Vet- zines" listed in the 1963 World Almanac. complaints of some of our members erans Day will always be Armistice Day Among the more familiar magazines of about the kind of answers they get from to me. When a member showed up wear- general interest dealing in public af- Congressmen when they write them in ing no Legion button because he had no fairs, it had less circulation than Read- behalf of Legion-sponsored legislation. lapel buttonhole I solved the problem er's Digest, Look, Life, Saturday Eve- For another side of the picture let me by buying him a woman's Legion pin! ning Post; more circulation than Time, say that I wrote my Congressman, Hon. Arthur Barnard, Chaplain Newsweek, U.S. News and World Re- William T. Cahill, 1st District, New Jer- Post 601 port. Among magazines with no news- sey, about HR1927, and within a few San Francisco, Calif. stand sale it is second to The National days received a reply that he is follow- Geographic, (2,798,188). ing the action being taken and will keep sir: Omitted from my letter on the flu me informed, and I know from other sir: In all years of col- in the October issue was my belief that my reading and experiences that I can reply on him to extensive fatalities in lecting historical material on beloved any new pandemic do so. "Old Abe," I have never come across influenza epidemic are unlikely, due to Edmund A. Dale such a work as Tom Mahoney's article the widespread use of sulfa drugs and Haddonfield, N. J.

2 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 . .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 MEET MR. JENKINS without sleep [in Moscow] to keep things When an 18-year-old baseball pitcher moving." goes into his first national champion- EDITOR'S Throughout most of the 323 pages he ship game, has a no-hitter going with one respectfully declined to answer questions. out in the ninth, then loses 2 to 1 on a Not 1 having 323 pages at our disposal we blooper and a double, he has suffered CORNER can only list here a small sampling of the enough without having his name spelled questions he didn't answer. He declined wrong, too. But that's what happened to "discernible difference between juvenile to say anything about a photo of a bearded James E. Jenkins, of Washington (D.C.) delinquency and juvenile crime" and said Jacob Rosen in Cuba; or articles written Gas-Light Post 44's American Legion by a Jacob Rosen directing that it has "no opposition whatsoever to how American Baseball team, when we reported his heart- publishing the names of offenders who are youth should be organized along com- breaking loss to Evansville, Ind., in his chronic violators of the law." The Legion munist lines; or an article: "I Was in opening appearance in the Legion's Little excepted first offenders, whereas Judge Youth Brigade Building School-City in World Series at Keene, N. H., last August. Loble and the Montana law that he pio- Cuba" by a Jake Rosen; or an identifica- We called him "Jennings." Herewith we neered base their distinction on the nature tion card issued to U. S. carpenter Jacob correct the spelling, and also publish his of the offense. For the details and the re- Rosen by a "Volunteer International Workers' Brigade" wmmm sults in Helena, see page 16. operating in the Sierra faT^lS Maestra in Cuba. 5' 10", and is as THE INVESTIGATING COMMITTEES One of the things that more people good a pitcher There are few things that we regret more would appreciate if they could actually as he seemed in than that the average American never read the full texts of these hearings is the his brief appear- reads, and never has a chance to read, the documentation which Congressional com- ance at Keene, published transcripts of hearings con- mittees put in the record as the basis of where his team ducted by the House Committee on Un- their questioning. Very few Americans, was in the finals American Activities and by the Internal we believe, would entertain any further as a result of Security Subcommittee of the Senate notion that these committees are fishing winning the Le- Committee on the Judiciary. expeditions, or are out to "smear innocent gion's Region 2 We assume that most members of Con- people," if they could secure the full, fas- tourney very gress actually do read them, instead of cinating transcripts instead of getting their much via Jenk- reading about them in the writings of information too briefly at second hand. ins' strong and If the committees 1 others who may, or may not, have an axe are ever mistaken in left accurate to grind, but who do (and perhaps must) the enormous research on which they base Jim Jenkins arm. He grad- write all too briefly, anyway. their questioning, the hearings give any uated from high school last June, and It hardly seems possible that a Con- innocent parties an opportunity to point completed his third and last year in Legion gressman who reads the hearings in full out the mistakes. Mr. Rosen, and many baseball at Keene. He has one eye on col- could vote to abolish or limit either of others, prefer to remain silent. It would lege, the other on professional baseball, the committees. Yet Representative James be a good thing for public information if and lives on Place, S. E., in Washing- M Roosevelt, of California, regularly at- you, and everyone else, could read all this ton, D.C. The Los Angeles Angels have tempts to wreck the House Un-American documentation and all this silence. An invited him to a tryout at spring 1964 Activities Committee, and while he got a "informed public opinion" is supposed to training. paltry six votes to support him last year, be the basis of true democracy, and we this year he got a paltry but larger num- respectfully call this to the attention of NO SECRECY FOR YOUNG CRIMINALS ber— 20. It is our personal feeling that sev- Rep. Roosevelt and his friends before they Honald John Giese's article about " Judge eral million dollars appropriated to pub- make their next move to choke off in- Lester Loble ("Montana's Experiment lish and circulate many, many more copies formed public opinion when Congress re- with Juvenile Crime," page 16) is cer- of these hearings, rather than depending opens in January. tainly controversial, and will not sit well on the sketchy reports that the newspa- If they actually believe in government with anyone who believes that juveniles pers publish, would be for the good of the by an informed public, we have a sugges- who commit serious crimes should in all nation. tion. This year, instead of trying to abolish cases be protected by official secrecy. We have at hand one of the Senate re- the House Committee, let them take the Author Giese shows obvious enthusiasm ports. It is 323 pages long, and involves lead in placing several million transcripts for the Montana judge's severe and open only the questioning of Jacob Rosen, a of committee hearings in the hands of high treatment of young criminals, which in- sometime student at New York's City school students, teachers, civic organiza- cludes sternness from the bench and full College, who was pretty convincingly tions, church groups, public libraries, col- publicity in the press, if the crime is a real identified as an energetic organizer of lege classes, PTAs, local veterans posts, crime and not mere mischief. Mr. Giese American youth along Communist Party state and local legislatures, etc., along with is 35, a Legionnaire, a professional writer lines, and as one of the 42 youngsters who a sample mailing of them to a goodly of considerable stature, a University of junketed in Cuba in defiance of the State cross section of American homes—and in Minnesota graduate. He spent three years Department's travel ban. The Rosen hear- the future be guided by the reaction of as a weekend police reporter for the St. ings are but one of a series on the general an informed public. Paul Pioneer Press. On this job, he says, subject of "Castro's Network in the he saw the seamy and futile side of youth- United States." OLYMPICS & SANTA CLAUS ful crime in a setting where "much effort Occasionally. Mr. Rosen answered a The International Olympic Committee, accomplished very little." He first read question. He did admit to having been a in October, rejected a proposal that only about Helena's Judge Loble in an FBI carpenter, but declined to identify his federations representing true amateurs be bulletin in 1959. Giese was so concerned union, though the Senators told him there allowed in the . . . . It's a with the generally fruitless efforts to check was nothing at all suspect about his union. timely footnote to former Olympic champ the tide of youthful crime under accepted He did identify himself as being Jacob Irving Jaffee's article on page 14. methods that he went to Helena, saw Rosen of 636 West 174th Street, New Santa Claus, Indiana, chose its name Judge Loble at his work, studied its results York. He declined to answer questions because in 1855 it was refused a Post and came away not only a reporter but about a news story in The New York Office under the name Santa Fe. It was an enthusiast. Times about the disillusionment of many President Theodore Roosevelt who later Judge Loble's justice for juveniles does members of a touring U.S. youth group decreed that Santa Claus letters in the U.S. not exactly duplicate an expression of The in Moscow. The story had noted that, mails should be sent to Santa Claus, In-

American Legion at its 1957 National while many of the traveling youngsters diana . . . Postmaster Jim Martin answered Convention, but comes close. In Resolu- seemed disillusioned with the Soviets, them until his death in 1935. For more on tion 596, introduced by the Child Welfare "Jacob Rosen of 636 West 174th Street, this see page 9. Commission, the convention declared a Manhattan, a junior at City College, went RBP

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DEC EMBER 1963 .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 FOR YOUR INFORMATION Where We Stand Or Fall

By NATIONAL COMMANDER ^^OOC^

The most effective American Legion work is and must 2. If it's a continuing program, does it still rate top em- be done at the Post level. phasis in view of changing community needs?

The point is fundamental. It is only by Legionnaires per- 3. Have you examined new areas in which there is need forming effectively as members of their Posts that The and opportunity for local American Legion leadership? American Legion can attain real effectiveness at any level. 4. In terms of over-all activities, are you utilizing a rea- Our national prestige, our claim on the public trust, our sonable share of available manpower and resources for pur- weight on the scales of public policv, the image we convey poses that clearly advance the public interest? to our countrymen— all these are simplv the sum of the efforts of individual Legionnaires working in their respective Posts. As Legionnaires, we rightly concern ourselves with the The avenue for each of us who believes in The American - great issues and dangers confronting America. We crave Legion's ideals, and seeks to apply those ideals to the building peace without surrender. We want a national defense pro- of a strong America, lies in personal participation in construc- gram whose adequacy to the needs of the times is beyond tive and wholesome American Legion Post activities. question. We want our free institutions preserved and re-

Is the school system in your town as good as it ought to spected. We want our national leadership to act boldly and be? Do those responsible for law enforcement and welfare justly in step with the spiritual and material greatness of the services enjoy adequate public interest and cooperation? Are American people. We want an America that measures up youngsters you know drifting the wrong way for want of fully to the highest standards of Americanism. adult leadership and adult-supplied opportunity in activities How can ordinary citizens make a meaningful impression that further their growth in desirable ways? on issues so vast and complicated? Many American Legion Posts have compiled outstanding We cannot level the Berlin Wall—but we can build on our records in community service. A Post in New Jersey is spon- home grounds a better understanding of the communist peril soring a Boy Scout Troop for the 37th consecutive year- and increased determination to overcome it. one in California annually conducts a Civic Appreciation We cannot, as individuals, hold down the whole national Night for city officials and employees—a New York Post reg- crime rate—but we can raise the level of law and order in ularly furnishes drivers to transport volunteer entertainers our hometowns. and workers to veterans' hospitals; countless Posts make it We cannot banish poverty and prejudice from the land- their regular business to help the jobless and the handicapped but we can work in our own communities to reshape the at- to a better life. titudes and living conditions that breed these ills. While we cannot save the world in one stroke, we can do When we act in this spirit, we earn the respect and grati- many lesser things whose national total moves that way. tude of our neighbors. When we settle for less serious This nation was founded upon the spirit of brotherhood, and more convenient objectives—a program keyed solely to of compassionate concern for another's welfare, of confident member recreation, for example—we shirk our duty and com- belief in the capacity of free men to prosper and overcome promise the efforts of Legionnaires everywhere. hardship by relying upon their God-given talents. American The Preamble to The American Legion Constitution pro- Legion Posts share a unique responsibility to lead in com- claims "devotion to mutual helpfulness" as one of the pur- munity expression of that spirit. poses for which we are associated together. It's a sacred pur- A few will ask, "What's in it for me?" I will answer by pose, rooted in the American tradition of neighborliness and borrowing the words of the late Doctor Thomas Dooley who teamwork for the common good. Let us pursue it now, con- explained his compensation for ministering to forgotten na- sciously and zealously, under the auspices of our own Ameri- tives of southeast Asia in these terms: can Legion Posts. "Really, there are two outstanding rewards when someone Emerson said, "The greatest gift is a portion of thyself." engages in this kind of work. The first one is the wonderful We can contribute, each of us, to the fulfillment of our feeling that anyone has when engaged in fruitful activity. Country's destiny by giving of that gift. The other, all the more difficult to see but definitely there, I urge all American Legion Post officers to take a hard, is that you know that in some small way you are helping critical look at their present program of community service. to bring into reality a dream." Measure your performance and capabilities against this list: If every Post will take on one more project toward making

1. Do you sponsor at least one service project aimed at its community better this year, it will add up to nearly 17,000 community betterment? steps toward the dream of a better America.

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 . . s

DATELINE WASHINGTON CHICKS, CHECKS, AND POLITICS. TROUBLES DOWN ON THE FARM. PEOPLE AND QUOTES: BABY TEETH IN THE ATOMIC AGE. STUPIDITY "If the free peoples of the M ost Americans are aware that the actions of such West, or certain circles among foreign leaders as Cuba's Castro, Russia's Khrushchev, them, are ready now to help the Red China's Mao-Tze-tung , and South Vietnam's leaders Soviet Union despite all the can influence the vote for U. S. President next dangers that threaten us, then November. Every action of these men, and our counter- I must say, only the stu- action, captures the headlines. pidest calves choose their own In certain political worrywarts are Washington, butcher." Former Chancellor concerned, however, with the possibility that the Adenauer of West Germany. "chicken war" between the United States and the European Common Market may prove to be even more PREDICTION influential in determining the Election Day vote. "If foreign aid were sub- It is a fact that long-dormant protectionist mitted to a referendum of the sentiment in the United States has been aroused by American people, it would be the crippling tax slapped on U.S. poultry exports overwhelmingly defeated." Sen. to the six Common Market countries. The unexpected Wayne Morse of Oregon. suspicion that the U. S. -nurtured levy triggered the MORE MUNICH Common Market might be more interested in keeping "The 25 years . . . since the growing European market to itself than in low- Munich have seen many at- ering world trade barriers. tempts to overthrow or subvert The tax on U. S. po ultry staggered the Kennedy

. . . freedom, and they have not Administration, which is on the limb in favor of all failed. Some nations now freer world trade. The check on chicks has also behind the Iron Curtain might stirred up new support for a more protection-minded have been saved their fate if U.S. policy towards competitive imports a move al- — the West had been united and ready initiated by those U.S. industries and unions alert to the danger in time." feeling the pinch of rival goods from abroad. Anthony Eden, ex-Prime Min- Congressional debate over urban development ister of Great Britain. problems has focused national attention on U.S. CASTRO'S ALLIES cities, and completely overshadowed the nation' "The weapons and guerrilla rural difficulties. fighters of Castro pose no The sad truth is that rural housing is worse greater danger than the squalor off than urban housing ; little is being done for of the hovels, the frustration of the aged who are ill-housed, poorly cared for, and the minds, and the bitterness lonely in the rural regions. in the hearts of millions of Even as the cities struggle with population over- Latin Americans." Teodoro growth, the rural areas are suffering from acute Moscoso, U. S. Coordinator of decline of population. Not only are farm areas los- Alliance for Progress. ing the youth, but generally they are failing also to provide an adequate education. School dropouts FREEDOM TO ACT are highest among rural youth, mainly in the eighth "This Government should re- grade main free— if it has the power The Department of Agriculture, which is grappling and the will to use the freedom with the problems, estimates that only one out of —to prevent the establishment ten farm boys today is going to be able to make a of a Soviet sponsored and sup- decent living as a farm operator when he grows up. plied military establishment in this hemisphere." Dean Ache- At the behest of the U. S. Public Health Service, son, former Secretary of State. the chemistry department of Loyola University, New Orleans, is collecting some 6, 000 baby teeth to MODERN MAN test them for Strontium 90 content "Instead of striving for lead- Strontium 90, a radioactive component of nuclear ership through moral initiative, testing fallout, behaves very much like calcium and modern man has developed a is absorbed by the bones and teeth along with cal- kind of Gallup poll mentality cium. Bones and teeth of children born during peri- . . . relying on quantity instead ods of fallout contain greater quantities of of quality and yielding to ex- Strontium 90 than those of adults. So, baby teeth pediency instead of building a have become important not only to babies, but to new faith." Walter Gropius, science as well. noted architect.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . DECEMBER 1963 7 BOOKS i structure, fundamental morality and tradi- General, by Forrest C. Pogue. the viking Preparing for Nuclear War tions be preserved." It is the conviction of press, $7.50. these writers that with proper public sup- The first of a three-volume biography of port, tremendous individual and united the soldier who was U.S. Chief of Staff from effort, and a lot of financial backing, any 1939-45, emphasizing his early years, educa- competent group of engineers, scientists and tion, Army career and family life. interested citizens can work out a commu- nitv civil defense plan "that will, within 1963 United States Aircraft, Missiles and reasonable limits, give a good probability of Spacecraft, edited by James J. Haggerty, individual survival and community recon- Jr. NATIONAL AEROSPACE EDUCATION COUN- struction." CIL, paperback, $2. A compilation of photos, text and statistics that present a comprehensive summary of THE EDUCATION OF AMERICAN the Aerospace industry to date. TEACHERS, by James B. Conant. McGraw- Hill Book Co., Inc. $5. The Red China Lobby, by Robert cloud by blast. Nuclear caused Are today's student teachers being taught Hunter and Forrest Davis, fleet pub. too much about teaching methods at the corp., S4.95. STRATEGY FOR SURVIVAL, by Thomas expense of sufficient preparation in the sub- A critical appraisal of our present military

L. Martin. Jr., and Donald C. Latham. The jects they are going to teach? That is what situation in the Far East, particularly China; University of Arizona Press, $6. critics of our "education system for educa- and of the continuing series of wrong politi- The latest available facts on civil defense tors" believe, among whom are professors cal decisions that have brought it about. and thermonuclear war, the 20th century whose teaching skills were gained from the threat under which modern man lives and school of experience. Anthology of Conservative Writing in with which he must learn to come to grips, Opponents of schools and faculties of edu- the United States, 1932-1960, edited by of this book. is little excuse for are the subjects new cation feel that there A. G. Heinsohn, Jr. henry regnery co., The book makes three major points: 1) educators whose sole purpose is to teach paperback, $2.45. civil defense preparedness is both necessary prospective teachers to teach. Instead, they A collection of political writings that and practical; 2) such preparedness will re- assert that students could and would be should be reread today. quire a long time for completion, and the better taught bv teachers who had concen- threat of this kind of war is real enough to trated on mastering liberal arts and science Baseball, by Robert R. Spackman. U.S. warrant an immediate national civil defense studies and not wasted any of their valuable NAVAL INSTITUTE, $4.50. program; and 3) there are many varieties school years learning how to transmit A baseball book designed to teach players, of civil defense situations which have merit knowledge. Because there are those who coaches and managers the basic skills, foot- for varying locales. argue just as convincingly that scholarship work and techniques required for each posi- Beginning with the possible causes for a alone does not make a teacher, the schools tion on the diamond. thermonuclear war: accident, miscalcula- of education have continued to flourish.

consider all is tion, or madness, the authors next Dr. Conant does not feel that well What's Wrong With U.S. Foreign Policy, results of such a war to mankind in the colleges, and it was with a the with teachers' by Frank L. Kluckhohn. monarch books, forms of: destruction, fire, fallout, radiation view to analyzing this conflict among edu- inc., paperback, .75^ and disease. Despite such problems as being cators that he undertook this work. He looks Veteran newspaperman Frank Kluckhohn, at areas an attack unable to determine what into the historical background of the con- who has worked in every European country might be directed; the difficulties of main- flict: evaluates the three elements of any except Poland, writes about the mistakes with taining proper sanitation in shelters, educational process: those who instruct, being made in our foreign policy. the consequent threat of plague and disease; those who are instructed, and the program and the almost overwhelming job of rebuild- followed; and makes recommendations The Letters of Robert Frost to Louis civilization an attack, the ing after such which he feels would help improve the Untermeyer. holt, rinehart and wins- book nonetheless presents the view that academic atmosphere and also help end ton, inc., $7. thermonuclear war as a means of defense this long-standing quarrel. Correspondence between two men of let- should be used in an emergency situation. It ters covering the period from 1915 through quotes the opinion of the Committee on The Economics of Success, by Ludwig 1962. Their exchanges consider such sub- Radiation Protection and Measurement that Erhard. d. van nostrand co., inc., §6.50. jects as poetry, politics and personalities. in man's "because of the many uncertainties A collection of speeches and writings knowledge of these effects (radiation injury) from 1945 to 1962 by West Germany's Chan- The Unpunished Crime, by Alfreds Ber- . . . a principal such effects should not be cellor and former Minister for Economic zinS. ROBERT speller & sons, $5.75. determining factor when making decisions in the "free" Affairs that reflect his belief The author, a Minister in the last Latvian during a war emergency." economy which paved the way for his coun- government before the 1940 Soviet seizure of Facing up to the fact then, that there is today. try's phenomenal prosperity that country, outlines in detail the commu- a possibility that in case of an international nist method of takeover used in Latvia as a conflict, thermonuclear warfare will be The Last Day of the Old World, by guide to what the rest of the world can carried on, the next step is to prepare for Adrian Ball, doubleday & CO., $4.95. expect in communist strategy and tactics. such an attack by achieving a maximum de- An hour by hour account of September 3, gree of protection. That kind of protection 1939, when time ran out for "Peace in our Uriah Phillips Levy, by can be obtained via an adequate shelter sys- Navy Maverick: time," and war was declared on Germany. and Saul Saphire. tem, providing citizens receive sufficient Donovan Fitzpatrick CO., $4.50. warning so that they can reach these shelters. DOUBLEDAY & Castro's Prisoner, by Martino The stormy career of America's first high- Yet, state the authors, the greatest single / Was John Nathaniel Weyl. ranking Jewish naval officer is related in a weakness in America's civil defense program in collaboration with DEVIN-ADAIR CO., $4.75. biography that captures the flavor of the is lack of an adequate civilian warning THE shocking story of one American's American Navy in the early and mid 19th system. The three-year imprisonment in Castro's Cuba century. The book emphasizes that the "objective and of the failure of the American Embassy of civilian defense is not merely to survive a in Havana and the U. S. State Department nuclear war. By itself, such an activity is The Story of Horseshoes, by Ottie W. to help him. meaningless. Rather, the aim of civil de- Reno, vantage, $3.95. to about fense is to assure enough survivors so that Everything you will want know csh the nation can be reconstituted and its social George C. Marshall: Education of a the game of Horseshoes.

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 HARTLEY ALLt Children write to Santa all year long. Here Yellig chuckles over a letter before answering.

AMERICA'S NUMBER ONE SANTA CLAUS »

FOR NEARLY 30 years, Jim Yellig, of who has grown a natural beard for the American Legion Post 242, Santa part, in the title role. Answering chil-

Claus, Indiana, has been the closest thing dren's Santa Claus letters is the biggest to America's official full-time Santa part of the job, but all year—and espe- Claus. Since 1907, the U.S. Post Office cially in December— Yellig makes per- Dep't has forwarded letters sent to Santa sonal appearances throughout the state, Claus to the Santa Claus, Indiana, Post and "holds court" in the town's pic- Office. Since the mid-Thirties, the an- turesque "Santa Claus Land" to which swering of the mail has been the function thousands of tourists trek annually. of the town's Legion Post, with Yellig, Yellig as an Indiana delegate to the Le- gion's 1963 Nat'l Convention in Miami Beach. !

NEW NORELCO FLOATING-HEAD' SPEEDSHAVER 30 Here's the gift of shaving comfort— Norelco with rotary blades!

What can you give the man in your life that he'll enjoy waiting for you at your Norelco dealer. every day? The gift of shaving comfort! A Norelco with For the young shaver, there's the Norelco 'flip-top'.

rotary blades . . . the third way to shave— the most comfort- He'll enjoy the rotary blade shaves and you'll enjoy the able way to shave close and clean! popular price. Norelco rotary blades go round and round at an in- The Norelco Cordless is perfect for the traveler, out- credible 3500 revolutions per minute. They never stop doorsman, serviceman. With it, he can shave anywhere! or change direction. They stroke off whiskers so gently Newest beauty item for the ladies is the marvelous the face actually feels soothed! So why let him chance Norelco Beauty Sachet. Christmas or anytime. ..it makes scraping, nicking or pinching? a wonderful gift. The latest Norelco model (above) has the new 'float- At right, you'll find a Norelco m ing-heads' which swivel automatically to fit every curve gift of shaving comfort for every- At m ® of the face. The new 'floating-head' Speedshaver® is just one on your list. See them .ill at / w Oi*dCO one of the many wonderful Christmas gifts you'll find your Norelco dealer

NORTH AMERICAN PHILIPS COMPANY, INC., 100 E. 42nd St., New York 17, N. Y. Norelco is known as PhiliShave in Canada and throughout the rest of the free world. Other products: Hearing Aids, Radios, Radio-Phonographs, Tape Recorders, Dictating Machines, Medical X-ray Equipment, Electronic Tubes and Devices. Norelco gifts Cheerful Predictors. for every Flu and Lockjaw. man and woman PERSONAL Revolutions in Some Products. on your list! When the economic prophets get their predictions for 1964 into print a couple of weeks hence, you're going to see a lot of glowing forecasts. Personal income is expected to rise; ditto profits; outlays for new plant and equip- ment could be impressive; very few disturbances loom on the labor front; and—for icing on the cake—-there's the possibility of a Federal income tax cut. Here's what it all means to you: 1) Steady—or higher—income if you're employed; 2) continued uneasiness if you're unemployed (the prospect of enough jobs for all still is dim); and 3) some stiffening of household costs, New Norelco 'flip-top' Speedshaver® 20. New- notably in services and—periodically—in foods. One bright exception: Autos. est model of world's largest-selling shaver. Pop- The Detroit fraternity is going easy on price increases, even though business ular price. 'Flip-top' cleaning. 110 volts only

(AC/ DC). Smart travel case. is wonderful. , .

Medical authorities now have this to say about two bothersome maladies: • Flu is not expected to strike very hard this winter. So the U.S. Public Health Service is urging shots mainly for older people and pregnant women. (The next big outbreak of flu is predicted for 1965-66.) • Tetanus (lockjaw) has become a potential menace again. One reason, says the American Medical Assn., is that adults neglect to get booster shots, hence are losing their protection. New Norelco Cordless Speedshaver 20C. Shaves Remember this about tetanus: It's caused by bacteria which enter skin anywhere! Battery-powered. No cord, plug-in or cuts, chiefly puncture wounds. protective lasts five years, after recharger. Rotary blades. 'Flip-top' cleaning. A shot about Mirrored case. which you need a booster. The fastest-working preventive is tetanus anti- toxin (derived from the blood of horses or cattle). If, however, you are prone to an unfavorable reaction from it (tests will show this in advance), you can take tetanus toxoid. It does a workmanlike job, but takes longer to build up protection. Another flock of changes in everyday products—promising better mer- chandise or more competitive prices—is in the making: • Shoes: About 30 shoe manufacturers now are beginning to use DuPont's

New Lady Norelco Shaver 20L. Rotary blades new synthetic rival for leather (it's named Corfam) in their higher-priced shave without razor cuts. Lovely simulated-sap- lines. One upshot is that the leather people are sure to fight back, particularly phire design. 110 volts (AC/ DC). New low price. Handsome travel case. since hides are cheaper and more plentiful than they have been in years. • Kitchen ranges: GE has come up with a self-cleaning oven for its electric stoves. Here's how it works. You rev the oven heat up to 880 degrees for 2V2 hours, thus decomposing the grease inside (incidentally, the oven locks auto- matically while the intense heat is on). Price of the self-cleaning feature is $75. • Beer: New Federal regulations now permit brewers to use beer con- centrate. In other words, they can remove the water from the brew, ship the remainder more economically, and reconstitute it at its destination. Guesses are you'll see more competition than ever among the brands because New Norelco Beauty Sachet 25LS. A lady's com- the costs of shipping to distant points will come down. plete home "beauty salon"! It's a hair-trimmer, manicuring instrument, massager for face and • Paint: Sherwin-Williams is test marketing a new coating, made with scalp. Luxury case. emulsified linseed oil, which is supposed to have the virtues of both latex (water-base) and oil paints. It dries speedily, is self priming, and any cleanup (including brushes) can be done with water.

Banks and financial writers keep urging you to ask yourself: "Should I set up a trust arrangement for myself and my family?" In non-legal language, a "trust" means that you transfer money or property IIJJ into the hands of a special manager who conserves it and periodically pays out the income from it. You can do this either during your lifetime or via your Home Barber Kit. Handy accessory for Norelco 'floating-head' Speedshaver. A hair-clipper and will. two comblike guides give complete haircuts. Right off, forget about "lifetime" trusts unless you're very wealthy. But Wonderful for children. setting up a trust in your will may be desirable, and you should ask your legal adviser about this possibility. Here, broadly, is what would happen: • Your heirs would get the income from the property—but not the principal. This might prevent foolish dissipation of the estate. • If you feel the income would dip below your heirs' needs, you can put in a provision permitting some "invasion of principal." • All around, the estate might get better, safer management. Note that you can't set up a trust in perpetuity, though. You can extend Prelect: pre-shave lotion conditions beard for it only to "three lives in being"—in short, it usually can't run beyond the perfect electric shaves; Finale®: bracing after- a lives of your grandchildren. You'll have to specify in your will who gets the shave lotion; Shaver Cleaner: cleans and lubri- cates shaving heads. works at the end of the line. By Edgar A. Grunwald

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 \\

(State) Commander in August 1955. It was then that he began to take a serious look at plans for permanent facilities for an outstanding Minnesota Legion The NATIONAL youth training program that had been operating in borrowed space since 1921. The result was Minnesota's Legionville.

"Legionville is our name for our sum- mer training camp for children in our COMMANDER state who guard street crossings near schools," Foley told me. "As far as I know, only Minnesota has a camp like of the it. For many years our Minnesota Legion had a School Safety Patrol camp on the Brainerd Fairgrounds. With the passing of time and a lot of thought, the idea of establishing our own permanent camp AMERICAN in northern Minnesota was put on our books, but nothing was done to raise the money to breathe life into that idea. Dur-

ing my year as Commander I made it my prime aim to raise $120,000 and get LEGION that camp moving. We bought some property. We went in and cleared the land. We put up some of the buildings. We remodeled others. That was seven 1963-1964 years ago. Many improvements have been made since then. It's my guess that in Legionville the Legion has a real going concern now worth a quarter of a mil- A look at Daniel F. Foley, who was elected lion dollars. "Kids go there in the summer, a week at a time," Foley went on. "State Troop- ers give them uniform traffic control the Legion at Miami Beach on Sept. 12 to head training. Some of our guests learn to swim. They are given instruction in con- serving our natural resources, instruc- tion in Americanism, as well as instruc- other, I found myself conversing with By PETE MARTIN tion in school patrol and safety. In addi- a relatively uncomplex man who thinks tion, our campers get basic indoctrina- foley is a big, craggy man. remarkably straight and whose stand- Dan tion in good citizenship." At 42 his solid six-two, 220 ards are basic American. I almost said "Safety is a big word," I said. "How pounds are compounded of mus- American-Gothic, but Gothic is the about breaking it down for me. What cle, drive, honesty, simplicity in its best wrong word. Foley is constructed the kind of safety?" sense, and Legion dedication. pro- way a square, low-ceilinged, stone, He same "We enlarged upon the basic idea of jects a rock-like strength of character. Irish church is put together. our school patrol program—getting the When we sat down to talk to each became a Legion Department He children across the streets safely. We did that by teaching them the importance of respecting and obeying the laws. This is increasingly vital in coping with teenage

drivers today. Our program is much big- ger now than watching out for little kids crossing a street. We ask older kids to be careful how they drive a hot rod. We begin when they get their first look at the car they're going to drive. We want

them to have a proper approach to it

and respect it. A kid's first car sometimes goes to his head. But before we get away from the subject of our junior highway patrols, I'd like to emphasize that, so far

as I know, in all the 40 plus years our program has been working, there has not been a single fatality at a school crossing guarded by our trainees."

"That," I said, "is nothing short of amazing." "I agree," Foley told me. "That alone

justifies our program. I can remember

Wabasha, Foley's home town in southeastern Minnesota, is on the Mississippi. (Continued on page 36) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 13 Athletes being conditioned in state-paid Soviet Kutz Race Running School.

By IRVING JAFFEE, three-time Olympic skating champion, as told to Stan Fischler

Don't call me un-American and don't start a petition for my deportation to Siberia. But I want it known here and now that the United States is going to be soundly clobbered in the 1964 Olympic Games. And we'll deserve every last whipping we get. Even worse, we'll deserve the incalculable loss of prestige we'll suffer when the Russians steamroller us in the Winter Games in Innsbruck, Austria, in January and the Summer Games in Tokyo, Japan, next October. The U. S. amateur delegation parading behind flag bearer The Soviets will be sending professional athletes to Europe and Asia.

Why we deserve to lose the OLYMPICS"

An Olympic champ protests pitting U.S.

amateurs against foreign professionals.

lete is no more amateur than Mickey one of the top stars of American ice Author Jaffee teaching youngsters Mantle. Nor, for that matter, is any com- shows. to skate at Grossingers, New York. petitor from a communist country. There are other, more recent, exam- Most of ours will be amateur. It will be Miroslava Nachodskova, the Czecho- ples. Yevgeny Grishin and Lydia Skobli- their men against our boys. slovakian figure skater, at her peak in the kova, the Russian gold medal winners The reds are treating the Olympic early 1950's, is one of the first examples. for in 1960, were given au- Games not as a sporting event but as a She was employed by her government as tomobiles shortly after their victories that major battle in the Cold War. They are a recreation advisor with the Czech year in the Winter Olympics at Squaw out to prove that communism produces army engineers. She said she rarely vis- Valley, Calif. Grishin's rank in the Red better athletes than capitalism does. ited her office. Her income was 900 army also was raised to senior lieuten- They will accomplish this—and are do- crowns (about $125) a week for her ant. He'll probably be made a colonel ing so at this very moment—by assem- "job," and 600 crowns (about $85) a after the 1964 Games. Valeri Brumel, bling the strongest, most fearsome army week as an achievement award for her the Soviets' recordbreaking high jump- of athletes the world has ever known. skating. Her total income exceeded the er, has also been given the red carpet All of them are professionals. salary received by the engineers. She treatment in the form of an automobile I'm fully aware of the fact that each later escaped to the West via the Czech and better paying job for his standout will have official Olympic amateur cards underground and is now a U.S. citizen. performances in international competi- in his hip pocket, but the Russian ath- For several years Mile. Nachodskova was tion.

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 Valeri Brumel, Russia's great world record holder Miss Scott's gift car '60. fer Johnson at the opening of the Rome Olympics, in in the high jump, gets personal state favors. . . . goodbye kiss.

I like to refer to the Russian athlete as "kept." He There's no better bet for a 1964 Olympic win- is kept busy all year training for the international ner than the soaring Soviet high-jumper, Valeri events. He is kept happy with higher salaries and bet- ter housing than the average Soviet citizen enjoys. Brumel. But he has been rewarded by his government He is kept an "amateur" by the International Olym- for his performance so that his livelihood accrues from pic Committee which has yet to come up with a his athletics. Even to receive a car, as Brumel did, for sound regulation that would govern all nations. athletic prowess would disqualify him as an amateur He is also kept waiting at the Spartakiada, the in the U. S. or Canada. The City Ottawa gave ice National Sports Meeting in the 100,000-seat stadium of in Moscow where players are selected for most of queen Barbara Ann Scott a car in 1947, and she had to the teams. Once selected, players are granted time give it back to get in the 1948 Olympiad.

U. S. goalie John McCartan on our Olympic championship team at Squaw Valley

in 1960. Now with the pro Black Hawks, he could still be eligible if in Moscow.

off with pay from their jobs, and go Squaw Valley, has been working out through a grueling program. since August. These and the other Soviet Grishin, Skoblikova and Maria Gusa- competitors will be honed to sharpness kova (the Olympic cross-country skiing by Olympic time, when the cold war

gold medal winner in 1960) have been battle of athletes is renewed. in training for the past 12 months near While the reds were drafting athletes Czech skater Miroslava Nachodskova de- the Ural Mountains. The Russian ice from every walk of life, our athletes were fected to the U.S., told how "amateurs" hockey team, seeking to avenge an un- bickering over whether or not they could are subsidized behind the Iron Curtain. expected setback by the Americans at (Continued on page 44) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 15 Montana's Experiment

By DONALD JOHN GIESE under-18 traffic violators, juvenile traffic "Helena started getting a lot of pub- offenders are also tried in open court and licity. When a gang of 15 juveniles at- scene was similar in many their driving mistakes are reported in tacked two old hoboes near the edge of The to ways those enacted every day embarrassing detail. Non-felony cases town, we got headlines all over the coun- in courtrooms across the country. are heard in closed court. try. But juveniles were getting no pub- Sentence was about to be pronounced. Whatever the offense, the juvenile who licity. The juvenile court, by law, was a The defendant stood, head bowed, star- appears before Loble, in closed or open closed court. People had no confidence ing at the floor. His attorney stood mo- court, usually can think of a lot of places in it. Juveniles were laughing at us. Peo- tionless beside him. Spectators quietly he'd rather be. The judge, who at 69 still ple complained that 'nothing ever hap- " shifted in their seats. A newspaper re- likes to take steps two at a time and whose pens.' porter flipped fresh over a page in his weather-tanned face, bouncy stride and Donald J. Raw, Helena Police Chief, notebook. The unsmiling judge cleared solid square shoulders make him appear says, "Helena was starting to be called his throat. The defendant's eyes darted 20 years younger, has a reputation for Little Chicago when Judge Loble took up at the man in the black robe looking being "hard on hoodlums." the bench. We had juveniles committing down at him, then went back to the floor. "You have been found guilty of ag- gravated assault," the judge said in a JUVENILE OFFENSES firm voice. "It is the sentence of this FELONIES NON FELONIES TRAFFIC court that you be confined in the State Reformatory for a period of five years.

Court is adjourned." The judge retired to his chambers. 49% 68% 75% Spectators began putting on their coats. The reporter rushed out to write his story. The sheriff led the unsmiling de- fendant away through a side door. This scene in the courtroom of Judge Lester H. Loble in Helena, Mont., was unusual in one important respect. While V the court was open, the press present (though not photographers), spectators free to come and go, it was a routine ses- sion of Loble's juvenile court. But the defendant was only 16. Judge Lester Loble of the 1st Judicial District of Montana, and, at right, a chart For two years Loble has been con- of the drop in serious juvenile offenses during the first 18 months of his experiment. ducting an experiment—giving under- 18 offenders large doses of publicity and His fight against youth crime really violent crimes and other serious offenses,

punishment. A survey of court records started in 1956 when, after 40 years as and it looked as if it was going to get

in his district ( population 3 1 ,000) for an a prominent trial lawyer, he was elected worse."

1 8-month period that followed Mon- Judge of the First Judicial District with tana's adoption of an open-court law on headquarters in Montana's capital city The first stage of the judge's experi- March 2, 1961, providing publicity for of Helena. This city is a ranching-trad- ment was a campaign to change the juvenile ofenders, shows felony cases ing-tourist center (population 20,227) in law that was responsible for closed juve- have dropped 49%, non-felony cases the heart of the Rocky Mountains, mid- nile courts, which he felt were allowing 68%, and traffic cases 75%. way between Glacier and Yellowstone the under-18 lawbreaker and his parents The judge doesn't claim to have found National Parks. As a Montana district to hide behind the courtroom doors and a sure-fire cure-all for juvenile delin- judge, Loble was assigned to hear adult escape the bright lights of publicity. "I quency, which is rapidly increasing in and juvenile cases involving both crim- wanted to throw the doors open and put nearly every community. He has had inal and civil matters. More than half his the spotlight where it belongs—on the failures. He has encountered bitter criti- time was spent on juvenile cases. individual, and not the group," he says. cism. He has made enemies. But until "My first full year was a nightmare," "I drafted a bill providing open courts he finds something better, Loble plans he says. "I had 99 cases in 1957 involv- for serious juvenile offenders. I sent it

to continue using publicity and punish- ing serious offenses by juveniles (com- to J. Edgar Hoover. He felt it was a good

it. ment to reduce youth crimes. pared with 39 during the 1 8-month law. Then I tried to get support for Juveniles charged with serious of- period following adoption of the open- I ran into a large group of opponents

fenses who appear before the gray- court law) and it was getting worse all who claimed I was destroying Montana's haired, gruff-voiced jurist are handled the time. We had juvenile gangs prowling youth. like adults. They appear in open court our streets, and burglaries, robberies, as- "The only strong support I had was and all the details of their trial are made saults, and other serious offenses being from two boys in Billings. They got up public. Under Montana's Juvenile Traf- committed by youths under 18 years of a petition signed by 400 youngsters who fic Act, adopted as a means of curbing age. favored the bill because they were tak-

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 with JUVENILE

If his crime is serious, tender years do

not protect a young criminal or his family

from full publicity in Judge Loble's contro-

versial Helena courtroom.

Juveniles arrested for minor infractions are still heard in closed court, but for serious crimes they get full publicity.

ing the blame for hoodlums. 'That's what "Whenever I could get two or more peo- Nutter a letter of congratulations when

we're doing every time the press has a ple to stand still, I told them we needed he signed it inio law. story about some hood and never says a new law that would put the blame The words Loble put on Montana's ". who he is,' they said. where it belongs, and make the offender, statutes are: . .whenever the hearing

"In 1959. I finally got the bill into the whether he's 12 or 17, assume his re- in the juvenile court is had on a written legislature. But the lawmakers were get- sponsibility as a member of society. The petition charging the commission of any

ting a lot of pressure from those who public started getting behind me. I got felony, persons having a legitimate in-

opposed it. They killed it in committee. calls from legislators who wanted to terest in the proceedings, including re- I was a member of the Montana legis- know more about my bill." sponsible representatives of public in-

lature in 1923 and again in 1925. I un- The bill came before the 1961 legis- formation media, shall not be excluded

derstand it. I knew I had been given the lature and was introduced by floor lead- from such hearing." business." ers of both parties. It passed with only In practice the law works this way:

During the next two years Loble went six votes against it in a House of Repre- The county attorney files a petition to every county in the state. "I spoke sentatives of 94, and in a Senate of 56 charging Billy Doe, 16, with any felony

nearly every night, at farm, labor, busi- with only one vote against it. I. Edgar offense that would be punishable by im- ness and PTA meetings." he recalls. Hoover wrote the late Gov. Donald G. (Contituted on page 49) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 17 The Battle of Los Angeles

Focal point of the action was the Sant Monica area, above.

ON Dec. 7, 1941, the Japanese attacked , our fleet anchorage in the Hawaiians. The United States was at war with both Japan and Germany, and though our seacoasts mere vulnerable, they were virtually unprotected. During the first months of the war there was both civilian and governmental confusion concerning our home defenses. There were real enemy oper ations along our coasts, and alarms of attack based on rumor. This period of confusion reached its climax with the ''Battle of Los Angeles," on Feb. 25, 1942.

By DAVID LAVENDER Few people in California had ever News photo of a spotter, calm in the heard such sounds before—the crump midst of "a night of chaos" over the city. At 3:06 a.m. that day, not quite of anti-aircraft cannon and of shells [\ 12 weeks after the bombing of exploding high in the air. Hundreds of bombs had fallen on Los Angeles homes. JL jL Pearl Harbor, Los Angeles re- thousands of persons ran into the chill But Los Angeles had been in a real shoot- ceived its own vivid sample of some of winter night and craned their necks to ing episode, as spent ack-ack fragments the massive confusions attendant upon watch the interlocked probing of search- and minor damage caused by them in the an air raid. light beams. This was no Hollywood streets amply testified. Then the ques- During the first 12 weeks of war with premiere. Something moved overhead. tions began. Had the city been bombed? Japan, nerves had been harried repeat- Speculation as to what that something Had we shot down enemy planes? Had edly by reports of trouble and by rumors might be ran wild. Some excited watch- the enemy risked a nuisance raid to in- of approaching disaster. By the evening ers said they saw hundreds of enemy jure morale and disrupt production? Had of February 24, the pitifully inadequate planes; others reduced the number to the U.S. government itself staged the force responsible for defending south- one; many could discern no planes what- show either as a practice maneuver or ern California's vital oilfields and air- soever. Skeptics identified the objects as as a way of jarring the apathetic out of craft factories had convinced itself of balloons, as smoke puffs from shells, as their complacency? Or was the entire impending enemy attack. Such fears mere optical illusions. affair attributable to a gigantic case of seemed justified when an early morning Save for one 15-minute interval of invasion jitters? Even today, nearly a enemy air alert was followed within eerie silence, the shooting lasted for near- quarter of a century after the excitement,

minutes by a savage burst of firing that ly two hours. By dawn it was over. No not every question raised by the episode shattered the city's sleep. enemy had invaded the city. No Japanese can be satisfactorily answered.

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 -^Searchlights and some of 1,440 rounds of live ack-ack fired in defense of Los Angeles on the night of Feb. 25, 1942.

the alert, went off the air. Automobile

radios were still rare. Thousands of mo- torists learned from the sudden appear- ance of arm-waving pedestrians that they must douse their headlights. Sirens on the Los Angeles fire engines became an inadequate substitute for the warning system which existed onlv in plans. Neon signs, traffic signals and the area's 812 independently operated ornamental street lighting systems created unexpect- ed exasperations. Many lights were dimmed finally by police wielding wire

In December 1941. at the outbreak enemy planes actually had flown over the of war with Japan, the entire Pacific city. "You think it was a hoax?" he de-

Coast from Seattle to San Diego was manded. "It is damned nonsense for defended by 45 fighter planes, 75 short- sensible people to assume that the Army range medium bombers, and only ten and Navy would practice such a hoax heavy bombers with range and arma- on San Francisco!" ment enough to seek out and inflict seri- The day after the San Francisco alerts, ous damage on an enemy carrier fleet. Japanese vessels were reported off Los Although a few radar warning devices had been installed, their use was not well A resident on W. 23rd Place inspects dam- understood, as the attack on Pearl Har- age to his car, pierced by fragments of bor illustrated. Chief reliance for the an anti-aircraft shell that landed nearby. detection of enemv aircraft had to be placed on civilian watchers standing cutters and, on occasion, by youngsters guard beside telephones at a host of spot- throwing rocks. In some sections, no- ting stations. When the Pacific war start- tably West Los Angeles and Santa Mon- ed, no practice maneuvers had been held ica, a passable was not achieved to coordinate the work of these volun- for nearly an hour. teers with that of the armed forces. The After the all-clear had sounded, a sole element of preparation was an exer- spokesman for the 4th Interceptor Com- cise scheduled to be held in California mand announced that Californians could on December 1 1 . Before it could take "assume" army planes had been sent up place, actual war was declared and to contact the invaders. Thousands of "games" had to be canceled in the face dubious civilians told inquiring report- of reality. ers, however, that they had heard no No one knew where the Japanese task motors, either enemy or American. A 19-lb. anti-aircraft dud, dug up by force that had bombed Pearl Similar nerve-triggered alerts contin- Harbor, police at Ayers and Patricia Avenues. or a sister fleet, might be lurking. Per- ued into 1942. on the Atlantic seaboard haps they were sailing toward Califor- Angeles. Air reconnaissance revealed the as well as along the Pacific. Simultane- nia. On December 8, alerts blacked out "enemy" to be a handful of American ously, officials in Washington deplored San Francisco and closed schools in Oak- fishing smacks. Tensions continued to the country's complacency. When Time land. When doubters questioned the mount, however, culminating at 8 p.m., and Life magazines reported these alarms, Lt. Gen. John DeWitt of the December 11, in southern California's charges in the early months of 1942, insisted, ac- first complete blackout. All local radio letters from indignant citizens poured cording to the San Francisco News, that stations except KFI, which announced {Continued on page 41) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 19 By ROBERT HAZELLEAF

Christmas, 1942, was early in the war for most GIs. Training camps were filling up, men had been sent The Ocarinas overseas to take up stations in England and Ireland, but the main flow of men across the Atlantic was still to come. and the To Jim Kern, though, the war was al- ready old. His battery had landed on North African shores nearly seven weeks before, and from the time the first naval guns probed for targets beyond the Plaster Casts beach, Kern and his small crew had worked a forward observation post, crawling up with binoculars and radio gear to seek targets and direct fire. Instead of Christmas carols, the sounds were of death—mortar shells and "Look, Doc," small arms fire seeking to blind the eyes pleaded, "these of the artillery. Instead of enjoying a casts are killing quiet day with family and friends, Jim me. I tell you, his shivered chill, and crew as wind- they're too tight!" driven rain dripped off steel helmets and down their necks. And then there was Christmas, 1943, with some new faces in Jim's crew re- placing men who had made that last crawl forward. The scene had shifted to the steep hills of Italy in the stalemate before Monte Cassino. The chill rain of the year before was even colder now, spitting from lead-colored clouds that swirled above the peaks. For Jim Kern,

the sound of Christmas was still the flat crackle of guns and a monotonous voice coming from the field radio. By Christmas, 1944, every wiggle of Kern's ribs against unyielding ground

What was the strange connection between the

ancient little instrument and modern therapy?

old and snow covered the ground where was quiet in the general hospital near men crouched for protection. The targets Taunton, England, and no shells rattled

were still ahead. The word was "counter- overhead. But it was still the army and

attack!" to regain lost ground. Soldiers it was still over 5,000 miles from home knew this effort was the last convulsion —with only weeks until Christmas. of a dedicated, desperate enemy. They Tech. Sgt. Jim Kern's string of luck also knew they must once more fight for had run out in March, when on assign- terrain that had already been theirs. Two ment with the First Army Signal Corps days before, blinding fog lifted to his battery finished helping the 9th Sgt. Kern on crutches and happy had to be rid of the plaster casts. give men, tanks, guns and planes that Armored Div. cross the Ludendorff crack at the enemy for which they had Bridge at Remagen on the Rhine. was a battle of one man's will over the been praying. There was a jeep, and one passenger knowledge that the law of averages was This white Christmas was an irony of in front with the driver. Kern was in the being flaunted; had, in fact, been flaunted nature that mocked the men as they back seat surrounded by his radio gear. for many months. Again there were new thought of other places in other times. A Tellermine exploded under a front faces peering at a different scene, this And, finally, autumn, 1945. wheel of the jeep, blowing Jim clear and time in the Ardennes Forest of Belgium. Jim was warmer now, and, since the throwing him against a tree. When the The Battle of the Bulge was nine days pain had subsided, more comfortable. It medics found him, he had more broken

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 "Hi. Nellie," Jim replied in a quiet

voice. "Oh, I guess not. I was just think-

in'. And when I think I get sorta PO'd at things." "Now, none of that. You'll be on your

way home before too long, you know. I hear you're doing well."

"I s'pose I am, but it's slow as the devil." "Maybe you need a look through the goodie basket. I've got some new books here." She held the basket so Jim could see

into it as he pawed through the contents. There were paperbacks, crossword books, puzzles and other items calculated to make time pass more swiftly.

"I've reached the stage where I don't

care if I never see another book. What's this thing?" Nestled in the bottom of the basket

was a small ocarina, gaudy in its shiny black paint and gilt trim. "That's an ocarina. You Yanks proba-

bly call it a sweet potato."

Jim picked it up and blew with enough lung power to inflate a tire. The ocarina let go with a high-pitched screech. "My God, Nellie, don't give him that," came a voice from another bed. Jim blew again, softly. The note this time was nearly flute-like. Clumsily, he covered the tiny holes of the clay instru- ment with his fingers and played what was almost a scale. Intrigued, he said to

Nellie, "Can I have this?" "Of course. You know, that's been in the basket for days and no one seemed

to want it. Next time I come through I'll expect a performance."

As she left the ward, Jim concentrated on the sweet potato, accompanied by pointed remarks from other patients. Jim Kern his later. and therapeutic ocarina, 18 Christmases "Hell, Kern," said one, "you know

it's too late to get out on a Section Eight. bones than whole. The others in the jeep there were almost too many visitors Why not give up?" had been blasted beyond finding, the ve- swarming through the wards. But since Another chimed in. "That's all right. hicle broken in two. May 8, they had tapered off. Now, early He'll drive us all nuts. Then we can get The medical clearing company, where in November, only the stalwarts came out and he'll have to stay." wounded were sorted for immediate at- by—the ones who had known pain or Kern ignored the comments, concen- tention or sent to the rear, followed; a loss, who knew when to talk and when trating on the ocarina. For several days doctor gave Jim's broken body a shot of to listen. he followed a pattern of working with it morphine and he was tagged for the rear Gradually, the woman worked her until he reached a point of balance with area. Then the hospital staff turned away way through the orthopedic ward, stop- the others in the ward—putting it away to work on cases worth trying to save. ping here to write a letter, there to help just before they made ready to call a floor There was the field hospital, where a patient select something from the wick- nurse or ward boy to squelch him. other medical officers labored to patch er basket that was almost a part of her By the end of the first week, Jim's him up enough to travel further. uniform. ability brought interest to the other body- And then there was the general hos- Among the men were six, like Jim. im- cast patients. When Nellie came through pital in Paris and extensive surgery and prisoned in massive torso casts from again, they asked for more sweet po- heavy plaster casts, more surgery and neck to hips, again from hips to feet. tatoes. another set of casts. Only arms and toes were exposed. "I don't know if I can find any more," When the Gray Lady reached Jim's she said. "The one James got came in a

bed, he was again concentrating on the bunch of things sent over to us. I'll look bit sullen Kern took his eyes from the rain-spat- of sky he could see through around. If I can, I'll fetch some." tered window when he heard the greet- the window. He was barely conscious of In the days that followed, Jim became ing at the far end of the ward. The men her presence. even more adept. He was able to work were perking up with the entrance of a "Hello, James," she said. "Are things out just about any pop tune he heard and Red Cross Gray Lady. really that sad?" the other men no longer twitted him. In- While the war had been going on, PHOTO BY DAVID SUTTON (Continued on page 40)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 21 WASHINGTON PRO & COIN

THIS MONTH'S BIG ISSUE:

SHOULD CONGRESS ENACT THE PRESIDENT'*

pating states. To date, 28 states have programs in PRO operation. Surely a program that covers just barely half our states is not doing the job Congress intended. Sen. Maurine B. Neuberger Hospital insurance for older citizens financed on a (D-Ore.) pay-as-you-go Social Security principle offers a rea- sonable, practical solution. It is a logical extension Today there are already 17 of Social Security, based on" the premise that contri- million people over 65 years butions during working years enable people to build, of age. By 1980 the number of by prepayment, coverage to safeguard them in old age. over-65's in our population will The proposed legislation would provide basic hos- be 25 million. These elderly people spend twice as pital insurance protection for all Americans 65 or over. many days a year in hospitals and have two to three This is not socialized medicine. It is a hospital-nurs- times as great an incidence of illness as the rest of ing home insurance program. The individual would the population. Only half have any kind of health have the right to choose freely his own doctor; in fact insurance. the program does not cover payment of doctors' bills. Can private insurance solve the health cost problems It does not hinder in any way the freedom of choice of of our retired citizens? Unfortunately, the answer is doctor, hospital or nurse. "no." Premium costs are high because aged people are The President's hospital insurance program is de- poor health risks. signed to achieve two basic objectives. First, it protects And for those who do have some kind of health in- against the principal component of the cost of serious surance, protection is often inadequate or too high illness—the hospital bill. Second, it furnishes a foun- priced. Many of these "over-65" plans provide $10 dation on which supplementary private protection can a day hospital payment. Where can you get a hospital and will be built. The Social Security approach pro- room at that price? Payment is usually limited to vides a self-financing program through a modest in- only 30 days. How can the retired worker, living on crease in the Social Security tax. an average monthly Social Security check of $76, The cost of hospital care has risen much faster than afford premiums of $6.50 to $9.00 a month, especially the retired worker's ability to pay. The retirement when the benefits are not adequate for disabling and years should be free of anxiety over how to meet in- long-term illness? creasing health care costs. Truly this is not too much The number one problem of America's senior citi- to expect from a society which has reaped the fruits zens is how to meet the costs of health care at a time of a lifetime of labor. when income is lowest and potential or actual dis- ability is at its height. Congress in 1960 enacted the Medical Assistance for the Aged Program, known as the Kerr-Mills Act, which provides matching federal grants to partici-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your

Senators know how you feel on this big issue, tear out

the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 THE BIG ISSUES iOSPITAL CARE PROGRAM FOR THE AGED?

roll taxes on the nation's work force and employers. The increase would be levied on the first $5,200 of in- CON come. The $100 a week employee would pay as much to support the program as the a week executive. Sen. Wallace F. Bennett $1,000 (R-Utah) No need has ever been demonstrated for this kind

of sweeping program. At least 60' < of the 17 Vz million n the debate over financing elderly Americans have some form of health insurance illness. Mil- I medical care for the aged by or prepayment protection from the cost of increasing the Social Security lions more are protected by savings, pension income, tax, one question of great moral veterans' benefits or family help. significance stands out: Should wage earners and their For the relatively few unable to meet the cost of employers, and the self-employed, be forced to provide illness, Congress has passed the Kerr-Mills law which medical care for millions of people who are financially provides federal matching funds to the states to able to take care of themselves? guarantee care of the needy and near-needy aged. This is a basic issue. Health care for the nation's aged Thus the Administration's bill would solve no prob- is not in dispute. Everyone agrees that all our elderly lem that is not now being met. But it would open a should receive all the care they need, when they Pandora's box of grave new problems:

need it. The quality of health care in the United States, un- But assistance to the needy is not the purpose of the equaled anywhere on earth, would be threatened by Kennedy Administration Bill, since government pro- the power of the bureaucrats to interfere in medical grams already exist to meet this problem. Sponsors of practice. the measure are proposing a gigantic new tax program The way would be opened for the complete socializa- which would blanket all Americans over 65 into a tion of U.S. medicine under the pressure on the govern- compulsory federal health program administered by ment to expand the program to cover more and more bureaucrats in Washington. persons and provide more and more benefits. Millions of senior citizens who are self-supporting Taxpayers would be faced with a perpetual added and do not want or need a government handout would burden, the end of which no one can see. become eligible for tax-financed care at the expense Except to generate votes, there is no need for the of the younger generation. The plan could become the Administration to rush headlong into a program as most expensive single piece of welfare legislation in unnecessary and as hazardous to our fundamental history. freedoms as this one is. Cost estimates vary from the President's figure of $1.4 billion per year to the amount set by insurance actuaries—$2.3 billion per year to start, with the bur- den certain to grow as the aged population increases.

The money would be raised by a boost of 16' '< in pay-

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

IN MY OPINION CONGRESS Should J Should not

I have read in The American Legion Magazine for De- ENACT THE PRESIDENT'S HOSPITAL CARE PROGRAM FOR THE AGED cember the arguments in PRO & CON on the subject: SIGNED

"Should Congress Enact The President's Hospital Care ADDRESS-

TOWN -STATE- Program For The Aged?" THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 23 Dr. Collins' Life-Saving "DOG TAGS"

Now even unconscious people are spared

medical care that unintentionally kills.

Dr. Collins and daughter Linda. Af- ter a horse serum shot nearly killed her he started the Medic-Alert idea.

of their condition by the tag that spoke for them when they were unable to do so. The Medic-Alert Foundation was be- gun in April 1956, by Dr. Marion C. Collins, a Turlock, Calif., physician, after a near tragedy to his teenage daughter Linda. Young Linda sustained a minor injury, and a physician, unaware of her severe allergy to horse serum, gave her an injection of tetanus antitoxin. Linda went into almost-fatal shock. Only quick expert medical care saved her life,

though it was at low ebb during her ten- day stay in an oxygen tent. Dr. Collins, realizing that she might again be given tetanus antitoxin, tried to think of some means of definitely pro- tecting his daughter in the future. He hit on the idea of a "dog tag" for her to wear, warning any doctor of her sensitivity.

From that start, Dr. Collins had discs made up for all of his patients A Medic-Alert bracelet. Wearer's registration num- ber, special medical problem, and Medic-Alert phone who had drug idiosyncrasies or other number are given. Model wears two to show both sides. hidden medical problems. The disc in- cluded the number of the patient's record By LORRAINE drug to which he was extremely allergic. card and the telephone number of Dr. JUDSON CARBARY, R.N. His Medic-Alert tag, his ever-present Collins' hospital (the Lillian Collins Hos- emblem of protection, warned doctors pital), and the name of the medical elderly man was found uncon- before the fatal mistake could be made. problem. AN scious and was rushed to Emer- An unconscious woman, allergic to In 1956, Dr. Collins presented what

ta gency Memorial Hospital, Long nearly all drugs, owes her life to wear- was then purely a local plan to the Beach, Calif. He bore no identification ing Medic-Alert tag #911338, which American College of Surgeons' conven- and was unknown to the hospital staff, made the physicians in Los Angeles tion in San Francisco. The physicians en- but, luckily, he wore a bracelet that said County Hospital aware of her severe dorsed it enthusiastically. Dr. Collins "Medic-Alert" and bore an emblem with sensitivity, and so no drugs were admin- then founded the Medic-Alert Founda- the telephone number of the Medic-Alert istered. To a person who is allergic to tion in Turlock. In a short time 30,000 Foundation, his file number #033144, most drugs even an aspirin could prove persons were registered. A publicity and the word "Diabetes." Doctors im- fatal. campaign was started to make people mediately began treatment for diabetic An unconscious man with no identi- everywhere aware of the plan, and 100,- coma and saved his life. The foundation fication except his Medic-Alert tag 000 letters poured in requesting further that had supplied the bracelet was con- #026629, was brought to Highland Hos- information. tacted and it furnished the patient's pital in Oakland, Calif. A quick call to The Foundation outgrew its quarters name, address, name of next of kin, and the Medic-Alert Foundation revealed his and moved into large ones when as other important information listed on his name and other pertinent information, many as 300 requests arrived per day. card in its Turlock, Calif., office file. and the fact that he was an epileptic, and There it set up files by number, cross- An unconscious Naval officer in the had other serious medical problems. indexed by alphabet, of everyone regis-

Panama Canal Zone, seriously sick with Today, all over the world, many per- tered with it. The Foundation maintains an infection, ordinarily would have been sons each year owe their lives to quick a 24-hour-a-day telephone service ac- given massive doses of penicillin. He is medical treatment made possible because cepting collect calls at any time from alive today because he was not given the the doctors attending them were warned (Continued on page 34)

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 .

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU DECEMBER 1963

PENNSYLVANIA KOREA BONUS ducing term insurance, available to EXPIRES ON DECEMBER 31ST: members under an official American Legion program (and in most states under a December 31, 1963, is the last day single Legion-held group policy)... that veterans of the Korean War, or their Members carry it at a flat rate, through beneficiaries, may file claim for the age 70, of $24 a year (or $12 for a half Pennsylvania Korean Conflict Veterans unit)... The amount of insurance reduces

Compensation. .. Lt . Colonel Anthony R. with age instead of the premium increas- Flores, Deputy Adjutant General for ing as the age-risk goes up... Maximum for Veteran Affairs, estimates that 56,000 younger members—$8,000 of life insurance veterans who are eligible for the state for $24... For more info, write: American bonus have not applied for it. Legion Insurance Plan, PO Box 5609, Basic qualifications: (1) legal resi- Chicago 80, 111. dence in Pennsylvania at the time of entry into service ; (2) active duty of at SENATE UNCERTAIN ON NURSING CARE BILL; least sixty day s between June 25, 1950 ADMINISTRATION COULD SPEED IT UP: and July 27, 1953. An amendment to the original Act Favorable action in the Senate on allows "Career Servicemen" with four or House Bill 8009, to enlarge both state more years of continuous service imme- and federal nursing care for enfeebled diately prior to June 25, 1950, who were or chronically ill veterans, has (tem- legal residents of Pennsylvania on porarily we hope) become uncertain... in January 1, 1961, but who did not receive Key Senators appear to be doubt about the Korean Service Medal, to also collect Administration support of the bill... this bonus... Such career servicemen In its major aspects, the bill would: were originally excluded from the (1) provide 2,000 nursing care beds in the VA hospitals provide partial bonus. .. Career servicemen may not ; (2) collect a total of more than $500 for VA financing of nursing care in private the World War II and the Korean bonus institutions for otherwise eligible vets

for whom no VA nur sing c are is available ; combined. . .Apply to: Korean Conflict Veterans Bureau, Room 207, South Office (3) increase federal g rants to state Building, Harrisburg, Pa. soldiers' homes for nursi ng care, and (4) provide limited federal matching 70-YEAR OLDS COVERED BY LEGION funds for state construction of new veterans nursin care facilities. (See LIFE INSURANCE FOR FULL YEAR IN 1964: g October "Newsletter.") Bill originated Members of The American Legion whose in the House Veterans Affairs Committee 70th birthday occurs in 1964 and who after extensive hearings into the des- carry the Legion's life insurance for perate and growing plight of chronically members, will be insured for the full ill veterans who have VA medical care calendar year of 1964... The insurance eligibility but for whom VA provides no expires at 70, and until now the expira- nursing care... It passed the House by tion occurred on the 70th birthday. . voice vote under a special rule, Sept.

The change continues the insurance to 17 ... It went to the Senate on Sept . 18, Dec. 31 of the year in which the 70th and was on the same day referred to the birthday occurs. .. "Newsletter" regrets Subcommittee on Veterans Affairs of the that in first reporting this change it Senate Labor and Public Welfare Commit- failed to note that it would take effect tee, which subcommittee is chairmanned in 1964, rather than at the time the by Sen. Ralph W. Yarborough of Texas... announcement was first made in 1963... Other Senators urged p rompt action on it American Legion Life Insurance is re- (Continued on next page.)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 25 " , , t , , 1 . ,

CONTINUED FROM PRECEDING PAGE

(Example: copy of letter to Sen. Yar- ONE MINUTE BETWEEN "YEARS" TO BE borough forwarded to "Newsletter" from LOT OF BOGGED DOWN CONGRESS: minority whip Sen. Thomas Kuchel, Calif., which sometimes goes home noting that HR8009 would be "most bene- Congress, in August, has completed so little of ficial to veterans in my state" and work that it now plans to end urging that the Senate Veterans Affairs its major "1963" Subcommittee "schedule hearings at an the year at noon on Jan. 3, 1964,

. then take a one-minute recess, and open early date ) But now, legislative ex- 1964... In the veterans field of perts conclude that Sen. Yarborough, shop for legislation, nothing has happened to such whose general record on vets legislation important matters as pension reform. . is not unfavorable, is in doubt about The Legion's pension bill, HR1927, re- the Administration' s support of the bill in the House Vets committee, and which at first seemed not to be in ques- mains so do most major proposals except HR8009 tion. .. Before the bill was reported out (see above)... As Congress will take a in the House the President authorized Christmas recess starting Dec. that 2,000 nursing care beds to be made 20, will be the effective end of its 1963 available in the VA on his own initia- schedule, in meetings tive without any bill... Then, as time working spite of , after New Year under the old year's went by it began to appear that the calendar. Administration opposed the bill... The Presidential authorization of 2,000 beds LEGION COMMITTEE NAMED TO then began to be interpreted as a move MAKE STUDY OF STATE DEP'T: to make HR8009, with its other important features, appear to be unnecessary . . .And In response to a request initiated although "authorized," none of the 2,000 by Secretary of State Dean Rusk that The beds permitted Administratively have American Legion name a committee to study yet been made available by the VA. the operation of the U.S. Department of Whether this view is correct or not, State from the inside, Nat ' 1 Cmdr Daniel the President could make no better con- F. Foley has named a special committee tribution toward the solution of one headed by Past Nat ' 1 Commander Preston J. of the most serious problems in veterans Moore of Oklahoma. .. Other members of affairs than to support HR8009 in clear the committee are: John E. Davis Bis- terms for the benefit of Sen. Yar- marck, N. Dak., a member of the Legion's borough' s subcommittee. Nat ' 1 Security Commission and former The plight of chronically ill vet- Governor of North Dakota ; Eli A. Marcoux, erans, who are eligible for VA care but Concord, N. H. , a member of the Foreign whose medical need is for nursing care Relations Commission; Albert V. LaBiche which the VA doesn't provide, may not New Orleans, La., former Legion Nat ' be recognized even by other veterans Executive Committeeman from Louisiana, as a most crucial problem. .. But it is and Emmet G_. Lenihan, Seattle, Wash., estimated that there are at least 10,000 Chairman of the Legion's Naval Affairs such veterans, omitting those who can Committee. provide their own care and have no VA medical eligibility. .. The number is in- AUTHOR SEEKS ACCOUNTS FROM creasing. . .Many of them are in their VETS OF WW2 PARIS LIBERATION: last, long illness and, as the daughter of one of them wrote to "Newsletter" : Larry Collins, Paris Bureau Chief of "The lack of care for my aged father is Newsweek Magazine is writing a book on not only killing him faster, but it is the liberation of Paris in WW2, and killing my mother too. " seeks eyewitness accounts from former When HR8009 slowed in the Senate American GI's who were present at the after sailing through the House, American time... Paris liberation vets who believe

Legion Nat ' 1 Cmdr Daniel F. Foley, on they may have anecdotes for him may Nov. 1, directed a letter to the Governor write: Larry Collins, Newsweek, 21 Rue of every state asking each of them to de Berri, Paris 8, France. throw positive support to the bill.

26 TH E AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 OF THE AMERICAN LEGION NEWS AFFAIRS AND VETERANS DECEMBER 1963 Nat'l Executive Committee Sets

Policy for '64 at Fall Meetings

Officials hear Nat'l Commission reports, pass resolu- tions; Nat'l Cmdr Foley's Minnesota Homecoming.

Holding a full three-day session, the existing arrangement, full control of the regular fall meeting of the National Ex- memorial should be assumed by the fed- ecutive Committee of The American eral government. Legion took place at Nat'l Hq in Indian- Well aware that Legion posts around apolis. Oct. 16-18. 1963. the countrv are becoming increasingly Two days earlier the annual Confer- concerned with the complexities of their ence of Department Commanders and tax-exempt status, Nat'l Cmdr Foley re- Adjutants took place. quested Commissioner of Internal Rev- The NEC adopted but 20 resolutions. enue Mortimer M. Caplin. to send a rep- The low number of resolutions adopted resentative to address the fall meetings. could be traced directly to the fact that Mitchell Rogovin. Assistant to the most of top policy had been set at the Commissioner, spoke to the Conference National Convention a month earlier. of Dept. Commanders and Adjutants on

(A digest of all 20 NEC resolutions ap- Oct. 1 5 and the NEC on Oct. 1 6. pears on page 29.) Rogovin's talk dealt with Internal Rev- High on the agenda were two impor- enue Service policies toward tax-exempt

tant resolutions dealing with matters out- organizations. Revenue is currently look- side the continental United States. One, ing closely at the financial operations of a resolution on Cuba emanating from the various organizations, including Legion National Security Commission and posts, to see if they are conforming to passed unanimously, called for "Con- the conditions required for tax-exemp- gress and the President of the United tion, Rogovin noted.

States to promulgate whatever rules and He emphasized that it is often difficult regulations that are necessary to prohibit to decide whether a post's functions are shipments to Cuba except where deemed purely commercial or are genuinely of a necessary for humanitarian purposes to fund-raising and welfare nature. Rogovin supply medical aid and food to the Cuban asked the Legion leaders to inform local people." and asked that "all flag vessels Legion officials that fund-raising pro- of any nation securing aid of any sort grams must avoid a preponderance of from the United States Government be commercialism if posts are to retain their denied such aid or transportation of gov- designation as tax-exempt organizations. ernment-financed cargoes should they in Spirited questioning of Mr. Rogovin any way violate the rules and regulations by officials showed the high degree of so passed by Congress or promulgated interest in this subject. by the President." The National Commander's dinner to In another action, the NEC voted to the NEC was held the evening of Oct. authorize the National Commander to 16. Robert F. Garbarini, Director of the negotiate with the federal government Office of Applications for the National to take over the maintenance of Pershing Aeronautics and Space Administration, Hall in Paris, France. Pershing Hall, a spoke in place of James Webb, NASA memorial to General John J. Pershing. Administrator, who remained in Wash- Commander in Chief of the American ington as the Senate Appropriations

Expeditionary Force in WWI. is owned Committee began hearings on NASA's by the U.S. government, but has been 1964 appropriations. operated by the Legion for many years. Garbarini, reviewing the five-year his- Actual operation has been by Paris Post tory of NASA, said, "with the continued

1, acting for the entire Legion. The NEC support from organizations such as The supported Commander Foley's proposal American Legion, this country will re- that, in view of the complications of the tain and enhance its preeminent position

A view of the National Executive Committee Room at National Headquarters. Members applaud a floor speech. National Commander Foley is at the chair.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 27 NEWS in the greatest venture ever undertaken SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON PROB- by any nation, the exploration of space LEMS OF THE AGING: Milton S. Ap- and its application, devoted to peaceful plebaum, 111. purposes for the benefit of all mankind." STATE DEPT. LIAISON COMMIT- The following afternoon, Joseph A. TEE: Preston J. Moore, Okla. Mendenhall. Deputy Director. Regional Affairs, Far East. U.S. Dept. of State, Reports of the Commissions briefed the NEC in a closed executive National commissions and committees session on his particular policy area. met and debated many matters before re- Dates for the 1964 Spring Meetings of porting to the NEC. Here are highlights the NEC at Nat'l Hqs were confirmed. of various reports and actions taken. They are: Commissions and Commit- Americanism Chmn Daniel J. O'Con- April 28-29; National Executive tees, nor (N. Y.) reported progress on revi- April 1. Committee, 30-May sion of the U.S. Flag Code, and will ask for a White House Flag Conference to COMMISSION CHANGES approve a new code. All Americanism publications are being revised and up- 1964 Appointments dated. The National Executive Committee Child Welfare Chmn Dr. Garland D. appointed members and chairmen to all Murphy, Jr., (Ark.) reported out no national policy bodies. Internal Revenue's Mitchell Rogovin ad- resolutions. Child Welfare objectives for Following is a list of the chairmen dressed the NEC on income tax pitfalls. the coming Legion year he noted in- whose appointments were approved. — — clude programs on youth employment, COMMISSIONS are in capital letters Defense, David Aronberg, Ky.; Law and mentally handicapped children, juvenile with committees and other divisions of Order, Elmer W. Kuhlmann, Mo.; Mer- delinquency, physically abused children, commissions printed in italics. chant Marine, Henry C. Parke, N. Y.; youth physical fitness, and the obtaining AMERICANISM: Daniel J. O'Con- Military Edwin R. Bentley. Fla.; of legislation, both federal and state, nor, N. Y.; Counter-subversive Activi- Affairs, Nat'l Security Council, Granville S. Rid- which will help control the growing use of ties, Dr. J. E. Martie, Nev.; Americanism ley, Tenn.; Naval Affairs, Emmett G. dangerous drugs in the amphetamine and Council, Rabbi Albert M. Shulman, Ind. Lenihan, Wash.; Special Subcommittee barbiturate families. CHILD WELFARE: David V. Addy ; Military Justice and Appeals, John J. Convention Chmn James V. Demarest Mich.; New England Area, Edward Wil- Finn, D. C. (N. Y.) reported that the Miami Beach cox, Conn.; Middle Atlantic Area, Convention, despite great handicaps, George Ehinger, Del.; Southern Area, PUBLICATIONS: Dr. Charles R. would be a financial success when all re- Warren W. Glaspey, Okla.: Midwestern Logan, Iowa; Advisory, Joseph P. Dono- van, Ind. turns were in,. Future convention sites Area, Harry T. Fuller, S. Dak.; Western were discussed and a progress report was Area, Mrs. Edith Warren Quinn. Calif. PUBLIC RELATIONS: C. D. De- made on the Dallas National Conven- CONVENTION: James V. Demarest, Loach, D. C. tion to be held Sept. 18-24, 1964. A N. Y.; Contests Supervisory, Harold J. REHABILITATION: Robert M. Mc- further inspection by a Nat'l Conven- Dillon, Minn.; Distinguished Guests, Curdy. Calif.; Area A, Thomas W. tion Commission team will be made in A. L. Starshak, 111. Byers, Conn.; Area B, William R. Mar- Dallas early next year. Tentative future ECONOMIC: John J. Flynn. Calif.; vel, Del.; Area C, John H. Wienand, sites are Philadelphia, Pa., for 1965 and Employment, William Chisholm, Colo.; Ala.; Area D, Roy L. Carver, Mo.; Area Portland, Ore., for 1966. Housing, Dr. Tom B. Clark, Okla.; Vet- E, James Linsjenfelter. Colo. Economic Dr. Almo J. Sebas- erans' Preference, Raymond R. McEvoy, GROUP INSURANCE COMMIT- Chmn Mass. TEE: Judge Levi M. Hall, Minn. tianelli (Pa.) reported out no resolutions. warned that constant vigilance will FINANCE: Harold P. Redden, He still be necessary to maintain the pur- Mass.; Emblem, Julius Levy, Pa.; Invest- Preference ments Policy, Jack Langford, Ga.; Over- poses of the Veterans' Act lest the benefits and gains achieved in al- seas Graves Decoration Trust, Nat'l eroded Cmdr Daniel F. Foley, Minn. most 20 years of work may be indifference complacency. FOREIGN RELATIONS: Thomas E. through or Whelan, N. Dak.; Inter-American, Finance Chmn Harold P. Redden Henry H. Dudley, Nebr. (Mass.) reported that the 1964 Budget

INTERNAL AFFAIRS: Herbert J. of The American Legion would be Jacobi, D. C; Constitution & By-Laws, $6,628,975.00 and the NEC adopted it. Halsey W. Stickel, N. J.; Graves Regis- Foreign Relations Chmn Emilio S. tration & Memorial, Carl L. Lundgren, Iglesias (Vt.) reported out no new reso- Minn.; Membership and Post Activities, lutions. The Legion's foreign relations Eugene W. Hiatt, Kans.; Resolutions As- program is adequately covered by exist- signment, Charles W. Griffith, S. C; ing convention mandates, he said. Trophies, Awards & Ceremonials, Reed Internal Affairs Chmn Herbert J. Beard, Ind. Jacobi (D. C.) reported progress on a LEGISLATIVE: Clarence C. Horton, National Convention resolution relating Ala. to the issuance of a postage stamp in NATIONAL SECURITY: William C. 1969 commemorating the 50th anni- Doyle, N. J.; Aeronautics & Space, Ros- versary of The American Legion. The coe Turner, Ind.; Amateur Radio Net- Space expert Robert F. Garbarini spoke at NEC adopted an Internal Affairs Resolu- work, Collins R. Buchner, Calif.; Civil the Nat'l Commander's dinner to the NEC. tion authorizing an official dark blue

28 T HE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 NEWS blazer coat and grey trousers as an al- 11. Opposes attendance at American colleges and universities of students from communist countries. ternate American Legion Uniform. The 12. Commends Daughters of The American Revo- coat would have a 3-inch American Le- lution for firm stand in defense of the principles upon which our nation is founded. gion emblem on the left pocket. 13. Urges that the Legion School Award Medal A subcommittee report on Member- and all promotional material relative to this pro- gram henceforth include the word "Patriotism." ship, given by Chmn Eugene W. Hiatt 14. Recommends observing "Bells of America (Kans.), stressed the value of member- Ringing For Freedom" at 2:00 p.m. on July 4 each year. ship conferences throughout the country. 15. Requests FCC to consider proceedings with Hiatt noted that the average Legion post a view toward suspending the licenses of radio stations operated by the Pacifica Foundation. membership is still the same as in 1958 16. Authorizes a committee to act as liaison with despite a total membership decline of The American Medical Association. 17. Changes name of Korean Conflict to Korean 60,000 and attributed it to the cancella- War in all official American Legion usage. tion of 400 more charters than were is- 18. Authorizes rules changes for the National Contests at the 1964 National sued. He said new posts should be char- Convention. 19. Authorizes temporary charter for Paddy Flint tered, located to better serve an expand- Nat'l Auxiliary President Mrs. Luther D. Post 5, Dept. of France. ing and shifting population. Johnson challenges Nat'l Cmdr Foley to a 20. Authorizes the National Commander to termi- nate the Pershing Hall Operating Agreement, Legion Insurance Chmn Judge Levi membership contest. Winner is organiza- and to transfer to the government of the United States the responsibility to maintain and per- that tion posting largest percentage of 1964 M. Hall (Minn.) reported April petuate Pershing Hall in Paris, France. members, compared to 1963 membership 1963 marked five years of the Legion's on record as of Dec. 31, 1963. Contest Life Insurance plan and that it has been ends Jan. 31, 1964. Loser gives $250 NAT'L CMDR'S HOMECOMING effective and financially sound. As of to the Legion's Child Welfare Foundation. More than 500 local and national Oct. 1, 1963, members had more than Legion leaders and government officials $160,000,000 of Legion life insurance DIGEST OF RESOLUTIONS gathered to honor National Commander in force, and $1,341,636 had been paid The American Legion National Ex- Daniel F. Foley in a Homecoming at to beneficiaries. The Insurance Trust ecutive Committee adopted 20 resolu- Minneapolis and Wabasha, Minn., Oct. Fund stands at $435,000 and should be tions at its fall, 1963, meetings. Here 12-13. at the $650,000 mark by next spring. is a digest of these approved resolutions. Part I Minneapolis National Legislative Chmn Clarence — 1. of The First stage of the two-day gala was the C. Horton (Ala.) reported and the Corrects terminology in Constitution NEC Sons of The American Legion by amending same. testimonial dinner in honor of the Com- adopted the legislative program for 1964. 2. Affiliates Guantanamo Bay Post 1 (Cuba) with based on 1963 Convention mandates. the Legion Department of New York, effective mander at the Hotel Radisson in Min- Jan. 1, 1964. neapolis on the evening of Oct. 12. National Security Chmn Wm. C. 3. Authorizes National Emblem Sales to sell an official American Legion dark blue blazer coat Two retired army generals were on Doyle (N. J.) reported the commission and grey trousers as an alternate uniform. hand. the Toastmaster, Maj. was retaining the "Gesell Report" for 4. Opposes VA closing of regional offices. One. Gen. further study. He noted that in October 5. Urges Congress to continue to provide funds Ellard A. Walsh, a recipient of the Le- so VA may properly operate medical facilities. the President signed the gion's Distinguished Service Medal, and $1.9 billion dol- 6. Urges revision of the definition of estate of lar increase bill for Armed Forces mem- incompetent institutionalized veterans receiving the other, main speaker of the evening disability compensation or emergency officers' bers, thus satisfying Resolutions of the retirement pay. and Cmdr Foley's former commanding 1963 and 1962 Nat'l Conventions. 7. Seeks to establish eligibility to VA benefits for officer in WW2 days, Lt. Gen. John W. veterans conditionally discharged or released Publications Chmn Edward Mc- from active service who immediately reentered "Iron Mike" O'Daniel. such service. Sweeney (N. Y.) was absent and Pub- General O'Daniel, a distinguished and 8. Urges denial of U.S. aid or government fi- lisher James F. O'Neil reporting in his nanced cargoes to companies whose ships trans- decorated hero of three wars, eulogized port materiel and supplies to Cuba. place, declared that The American Le- the Commander mixing his address with 9. Opposes National Cemetery Policy as set forth gion Magazine is concluding another in H.R. 8847, 88th Congress. nostalgic personal references. 10 Urge active support of the Freedoms Founda- successful year with net earnings up the tion at Valley Forge, Pa. Deploring placement of uncamou- for eight months ending Aug. 31, 1963, over the same period in 1962. Public Relations Chmn C. D. De- Loach (D. C.) reported excellent press coverage of the Miami Beach Conven- tion. He also reported two recommenda- tions approved by the Nat'l Cmdr: (1) Creation of a "National Commander's Award" for the department with the best public relations program for the year. (2) That each Dept give considera- tion to the appointment or employment of a public relations officer. Rehabilitation Chmn Robert M. Mc- Curdy (Calif.) reported five resolutions. He also noted that HR 8009, a bill, sup- ported by the Legion, to provide certain veterans with urgently needed nursing- home care and nursing-care facilities had passed the House and was awaiting con- During the Fall Meetings, NECmen recessed to the Cenotaph of the Indiana War Memor- sideration by the Subcommittee on Vet- ial for the Freedom Torch lighting ceremony. Nat'l Commander Foley is shown lighting erans Affairs of the Senate's Labor and torch with the assistance of Nat'l Adjutant E. A. Blackmore while Legion officials Public Welfare Committee. look on. Torch was then flown to Brussels, Belgium for annual Veterans Day ceremonies. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 29 NEWS

Stafford King, NECman Eugene V. Lind- quist, National Committeewoman Mrs. Merrill K. Smith, Past National Auxiliary Presidents Mrs. Lee Hutton and Mrs. A. C. Carlson. Wabasha Mayor Curtiss Goltz, Wabasha Post 50 Cmdr Conrad Rutz (Cmdr Foley's post), and Mon- signor James Shannon, president of St. Thomas College of St. Paul, Minn., and a former classmate of Cmdr Foley. Msgr. Shannon gave the benediction.

Heading up a long list of distinguished Legion leaders was immediate Past Na- tional Cmdr James E. Powers. Banquet-goers were entertained by a young mixed singing group known lo- cally as Schiek's Singing Sextette who sang the score from "My Fair Lady." The group was presented through the aus- National Commander Foley is given a standing ovation as he rises to address those pices of the American Society of Com- attending Testimonial dinner at the Minneapolis Homecoming. Head table photo also posers, Authors, and Publishers shows: (I. to r.) Sen. Hubert H. Humphrey, D-Minn., Mrs. Luther D. Johnson, National President of The American Legion Auxiliary, and Sen. Eugene J. McCarthy, D-Minn. (ASCAP).

Part n—Wabasha flaged weapons and missiles sites in Cuba Second stage of the Homecoming cele- in violation of the Monroe Doctrine, he bration began the following morning. said. "The main objective was to estab- Cmdr Foley, his family and numerous lish a base of operations for subversion Legion and government officials motored in Central and South America—and we south through the fall-foliaged country- fell for it." side to Wabasha. Minn., the commander's A Legionnaire himself, the general birthplace and home to join in Wabasha's said. "I proudly salute you. Commander own testimonial to the Commander. Foley, as my American Legion boss," The reviewing stand was set up only and snapped off a vigorous hand salute. half a block from Wabasha Post 50 and At a press conference at Minneapolis one block away from Cmdr Foley's law Metropolitan airport that morning Cmdr office. The 6 1 -unit parade took 1 Vz hours Foley, in answer to questions concerning to pass the reviewing stand before an esti- the nuclear test-ban agreement, had mated crowd of nearly 10,000. stated the Legion's position to support After the parade. Minnesota's Gov. said agreement but that he had reserva- Karl Rolvaag, in hospital only a few tions about the trend toward disarma- days earlier, and unable to attend the ment. His remarks at the dinner reit- testimonial dinner, officially welcomed erated the same theme. "I proudly salute you, Commander Foley, Cmdr Foley. Minnesota Sen. Eugene J. as my American Legion boss," said "Iron In a personal note, Cmdr Foley, who McCarthy, and Wabasha Mayor Curtiss Mike" O'Daniel, the Cmdr's WW2 boss. in the one month since his election has Goltz also spoke. the end travelled over 20.000 miles, spoke direct- ly to his five young sons in the audience,

saying, "During this coming year I will

miss you as I know you will miss me, but

our personal sacrifice is well worth the possible rewards." I Regretting the necessity to be absent

from his family he also hoped that it would in some way contribute to the future well-being of all American youth. Representing the U.S. Senate were both Senators from the state of Minne- sota, The Hon. Hubert H. Humphrey, and the Hon. Eugene J. McCarthy. Also speaking in honor of the NatT Cmdr were Mrs. Luther D. Johnson, Na- tional President of The American Legion Auxiliary; Howard E. Lohmann, Depart- ment Commander of Minnesota; and Mrs. William R. Mitchell. President of the Department of Minnesota Auxiliary. This IS Homecoming! During lull in Wabasha parade, Commander Foley reaches down Other head table guests: the Hon. from reviewing stand to shake hand of fellow townsman. Mrs. Foley and members of Oscar R. Knutson. Chief Justice of the the family stand to his right. Behind him is Mrs. Rolvaag, wife of Minnesota's Gov. Karl Minnesota Supreme Court, State Auditor Rolvaag, who is talking to John "Butch" McDonald, (white shirt) Homecoming Chmn.

30 THE AMERICAN LEG:ON MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 All the chartered U.S. veterans organizations joined with numerous Senators t . on Oct. 1 in a push to create a Senate Veterans Affairs Committee. Shown Arthur H. Dean, former Chief U.S. in foreground (dark cap) is Legion Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. Foley. Others represented . Delegate to the Nuclear Test Ban are Veterans of Foreign Wars; AmVets; Veterans of WWI; Catholic War Vet- Conference and the Disarmament Con- erans, Disabled American Veterans; Jewish War Veterans and many Senators. ference at Geneva, as he accepted the Bill of Rights Defense Gold Medal, an annual presentation by Wall Street Post 1217, American Legion, in a ceremony on the steps of the Federal Hall National Memorial, N. Y. C.

Photo on the right shows American Legion Rodeo Grounds, a project sponsored by White River, S. D., Otter- man Post 94, with the support of the en- tire community. It was completed in time for the 50th anniversary of Frontier

Days Rodeo, whose contestants called it "one of the best rodeo arenas in South Dakota." >

White River's rodeo grounds

Goodyear Rubber Co. gets Legion citation for Goodyear's President Kennedy and Nat'l Cmdr Foley during a recent 1950 flag-promotion program. E. J. Thomas, board chmn, Presidential briefing on Legion nat'l convention actions, accepts from Earl Slack, of the Summit County, Ohio, Legion. Foley also invited JFK to Legion's 1964 Dallas convention.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 31 18th Annual Correspondence Course in Legion PEOPLE IN THE NEWS Leadership; Programs; Operations, Now Under Way Paul H. Griffith, Past Nat'l Cmdr (1946- 47), appointed to the Pennsylvania State Veterans Commission by Gov. William The 18th American Legion Extension ments at home on their own schedule, W. Scranton. Institute, a mail-order course in Ameri- and on the satisfactory completion of a can Legion operations and leadership, is final examination are certified as Exten- Frank C. Momsen, of Tracy, Minn., as- now being conducted from National sion graduates. sistant Department Adjutant of Minne- American Legion Hq in Indianapolis, The six volumes of text material, sota since 1960, appointed Nat'l Ser- and a special deadline of Dec. 15 has which each student receives and keeps, geant-at-Arms by Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. been set for prospective students who contain more than 500 pages. They are: Foley. wish to enroll, using the coupon below. 1 . History and Organization of The More than 58,000 Legionnaires have American Legion. Robert R. Poston, of Arlington, Va., taken the course since its inception in 2. Internal Affairs and Service Divi- former assistant director of the Legion's 1947, and it has provided many of them sions. Washington, D. C., office, appointed di- with a stepping stone to leadership in 3. The Americanism and Foreign Re- rector-counsel of the Nat'l Association American Legion offices from the Post lations Programs. of Mutual Savings Banks, with head- to the National level—as well as back- 4. The Rehabilitation Program. quarters in Washington, D. C. ground and experience for leadership in 5. The Legislative and Economic Pro- non-Legion activities. grams. Bert M. Count, of Minneapolis, Minn., The Extension Institute faculty pro- 6. The National Security and Child appointed aide to Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. vides students with 6 volumes of infor- Welfare Programs. Foley.

mational material (most of it of perma- All the titles except Vol. 2 are self- Reno Odlin, of Tacoma, Wash., Past nent value) covering all major aspects explanatory. Vol. 2 covers many subjects Dep't (1 930-3 ), elected vice presi- of the American Legion's nationwide that are only suggested by the title, such Cmdr 1 dent of the American Bankers Associa- programs as well as its internal and ad- as public relations, operation of The ministrative activities. American Legion Magazine, the Emblem tion. During the previous 17 years that the Division, general administration, etc. G. Ward Moody, Texas Legion Adj't course has been offered, thousands of the Because the Legion is the biggest com- since 1946, retired Oct. i, and succeeded students who completed the course have pletely voluntary, dues-paying adult by W. H. McGregor. written unasked letters to Nat'l Hq. say- membership organization in the United

ing that they found it an eye-opener^ giv- States which conducts active programs ing them a comprehension of the Legion participated in by members at all levels, of Shaw- that they could not have imagined. the Extension Institute materials are Norman Beachy Musselman, Louis Students study progressive assign- often regarded as a model of successful nee, Okla., a delegate to the St. organizational planning and operation. Caucus in 1919. The 1963-64 course has already COMRADES IN DISTRESS ENROLLMENT FORM started, but to adjust to the publication help these comrades are American Legion schedule of this magazine, late-starters Readers who can EXTENSION INSTITUTE urged to do so using the coupon here may use the ex- Notices are run at the request of The Ameri- (Use this coupon and add extra names tended Dec. 15 deadline. can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission. They are not accepted from other sources. and addresses, if any, on another Reduced tuition rates for groups sign- Readers wanting Legion help with claims sheet.) ing up together and applying with a sin- should contact their local service officers. Service officers unable to locate needed gle order are noted on the coupon. For To The Faculty witnesses for claims development should refer simplification, here is a table of the total the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis- American Legion Extension Institute through normal channels, for further cost for enrollments, received in one or- sion PO Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 search before referral to this column. der, up to a total of ten: Here's our draft for $ Enroll USS McNair (DD-679), 1952-54: Any shipmates Total Total (and especially Chief Dolliver) who recall an those listed herewith in the 18th Ameri- accident to William T. Silvey in the ship's applications Cost can Legion Extension Institute home galley please contact Silvey. Claim pending. Write: William T. Silvey, 206 E. Eagle St., 1 $ 6 study course, and send each the first as- E. Boston, Mass. 02128. signment and lesson pronto. 2 12 406th Anti-tank Co. WW2: Affidavits are needed from buddies of Wilson J. Miller, in support 3 18 of a claim. Particularly need to contact: Total students with this order 4 24 Wilson A. Clayton, formerly of Amherst. Texas: William W. Akin, Jr., Pitman, N. J.: (last first) Name 5 20 Norman E. De Neef, Roosevelt, N. Y. and Irvin Ostrander, Irvington, N. Y. Write: 6 24 Morey A. Winston, Jr., Parish Service Officer, Street Address 7 28 PO Box 2825, Lafayette, La. 27th Division, WWI: Need to locate Captain 8 32 John Mack, or any member of the 27th Divi- sion who served in France in 1917-19 who 9 36 recalls John J. Durkin. Widow's claim pend- City & State 10 30 ing. Write: Mrs. M. Durkin, 9 Wyllys St., Card Post or Unit Hartford, Conn. # # Germany, Feb. 1945: Need It is possible to enroll six for the price 460th AAA A W BN, to contact members of this outfit who re- (This coupon accommodates an order of four, or ten for less than the price call injury to Paul J. Morin during an artil- for one fully. For more, use it and add lery attack. Particularly Jesse J. May, of eight, and the above figures are not Florida: Steven M. Minoletti, Michigan; additional names on a separate sheet, Louis Matalas, Wisconsin and Stanley Sieber- in error. The price schedule is the most giving the above info for each). ty, Kentucky. Write: Paul J. Morin, 346 practical way to even off and pass on Lisbon St., Lewiston, Maine. COST One to four $6 each—Five to Camp Claiborne, Louisiana, WW2: Noelen Glo- — — the savings in processing applications on ver, who was on duty at this station during nine $4 each Ten or more $3 each. — — — bulk orders, and members are urged to WW2, should contact John Schreiber, Jr., Price, payable to "The American Le- Concordia Parish Service Officer, PO Box 7, take advantage of this by signing up in Ferriday, Louisiana, on a matter in his in- gion," based on all sent in one order. terest. groups whenever it is convenient. Marine Corps—John Lilly: The address of John 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 —

Lilly is sought in connection with a claim by seeking restoration of $23,242,000 which "Early Bird" Department has early mem- the Palm Beach, Fla., Veterans Service Offi- cer. Lilly joined the Marine Corps about 1925. was slashed from four budget items, as bership for the coming year by Oct. 15, He was a Sgt at Parris Island in Oct. 1942. for is in excess of its early membership Contact: Lowery Davis, Palm Beach County passed in the House, that provide op- which Service Officer, PO Box 528. Lake Worth, Fla. eration of the Veterans Administration on that date the previous year, and which 572nd Bat, HQ AA A/W BN SP, Fort Bliss, Texas: "Sgt. Prosper." Will men who served Department of Medicine and Surgery. also has at least 15% of its new year's at Fort Bliss and recall Mess Sgt and First Letter said the cut would impair the qual- by then. Cook Sgt. Prosper Pelletier, known as "Sgt. Prosper," please contact Lloyd U. Waters, ity of VA medicine. Service Officer, 11 South Buffum St., Worces- ter 3. Mass.? Mesa, Arizona, has been named as the site of the southwestern Regional elimi- BRIEFLY NOTED nation of the American Legion Baseball A 28-minute, 16mm sound movie show- program for young men. The Mesa ing the 1963 All America college foot- tourney will eliminate all but one of the

ball players in action is available without 1964 state winners from Arizona, Cali-

charge to Legion posts after January 1. fornia, Colorado, Hawaii, Nevada, New Write to William Fay. American Foot- Mexico and Utah. The survivor will meet ball Coaches Association, 173 W. Madi- the winners of seven other Regional

son St., Chicago 2, 111. tourneys in the finals at Little Rock, Ark.

A Boys Town in Costa Rica, run by October 6th, 1963 was the 50th anni- Catholic priests as a home and school versary of the awarding of the first silver for homeless boys, has been the recipient wings to U.S. military aviators. On that of large quantities of badly needed sup- day, in 1913, Capt. Charles D. Chandler plies through the efforts, first, of San and Lt. Thomas D. Milling got the first Jose Post 10 of The American Legion, two military aviator badges ever and, finally, of all the Posts and Auxiliary awarded. Lt. H. H. (Hap) Arnold quali- Units attached to the American Legion fied at the same time, but America's first, Department of the Panama Canal Zone. and so far only, General of the Air Force The Panama Legionnaires and Auxil- didn't get his silver wings that year be- iares rounded up 15 tons of supplies in cause only two were manufactured. one shipment in response to an urgent plea, OUTFIT REUNIONS and they have adopted support of mora, 111., is presented (above) by Le- Reunion will be held in month indicated. For the Costa Rica Boys Town, which is gion Post 89, of Metamora to the town's particulars, write person whose address is modeled after Father Flanagan's Boys swimming pool ass'n. The Post sponsored given. official form only. For Town in Nebraska, as a permanent proj- Notices accepted on a one-day circus performance, and the form send stamped, addressed return envelope ect. check—shown with plans for the pool to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth Ave., New York. N Y. 10019. Notices the Post's full share of the circus was should be received at least four months before The 1 963 winners of American Legion proceeds. E. L. Sullivan, Post Finance scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary to get form. Post History national awards have been Officer, right, makes the presentation to Earliest submissions favored when volume of National announced by Historian Willard Bockler, for the pool ass'n. requests is too great to print all. Armand de Masi (Italy). ARMY Type I (histories of Posts chartered Forty-four of the 58 American Legion 34th Div, U.S. Field Hosp #134 (WWI)— (Jan.) before 1944) : 1st prize John C. ($150), Departments (roughly equivalent to state Wilkie L. Harper, Harpers Double Four, Rt. 1, Hambright, Historian of Post 50, Col- organizations) qualified for Early Bird Eureka Springs, Ark. 72632 104th Inf Reg't (WWI & II)— (May) Lawrence lege Park, Ga.; 2nd prize ($100), Miss membership citations in October. An A. Wagner, 201 Oak St., Holyoke, Mass. 01041 Gertrude Malloy. Historian of Post 49, 121st Inf— (May) John Fischer, 114 So. Holmes St.. Memphis, Tenn. 38111 Santa Barbara, Calif.; 3rd prize ($50), THE AMERICAN LEGION 135th FA, Bat C (WWII)— (June) Bob Steffy, NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS Richard F. Ast, Historian of Post 844, 1600 28th St. NW, Canton 9, Ohio. SEPTEMBER 30. 1963 604th Engrs, 1st Bat (WWI)— (Apr.) Julius B. Chicago, 111. ASSETS Johnson, 2627 Johnson St. N.E., Minneapolis, Cash on hand and on deposit $ 755,901.01 Type II (histories of Posts chartered Receivables 333,742.36 Minn. in 1944 and later): 1st prize ($100), Inventories 402.216.61 987th Arm'd FA, Bat C (Korea)— (June) Bob Invested Funds 467,521.57 Steffy, 1600 28th St. NW, Canton 9, Ohio. Edward E. Wheeler, Historian of Post Trust Funds: 1885th Service Unit, Camp Howze, Texas, Den- 235, San Antonio, Tex. Overseas Graves Decoration tal Officers of Station Hosp (WWII)— (Feb.) Trust Funds 275,511.44 Dr. Elmer A. Goldthorp, 225 N. Broadway, Other Type II histories entered did not Employees Retirement Santa Ana, Calif. 92701. Trust Fund . 3.379,326.60 3,654,838.04 meet all qualifications necessary to take 3603rd Truck Co— (June) Walter E. Boydston, Real Estate 814,228.37 700 West 35th St., North Little Rock. Ark. runner-up awards. Deferred Charges 91.181.44 Tuscania Survivors (Feb.) Edward T. Lauer. S6.519.932. 42 — Sr., 8035 Stickney Ave.. Wauwatosa 13. Wis. LIABILITIES, DEFERRED REVENUE The American Legion Child Welfare WAC Detachment, Field Art'y School, Fort Sill, AND NET WORTH Okla.— (June) Miss Evah M. Burow. 601 N.E. Current Liabilities 386,317.36 Foundation presented a check for $7,500 S 26th St. Apt. 16, Miami, Fla. 33137. Funds Restricted as to use 28,051.39 to the National Cystic Fibrosis Research Deferred Income 1,343,853.76

Trust Funds : NAVY Foundation early in November, as part Overseas Graves Decoration 1st Seabees— (Feb.) Mac H. Corray, 1401 Garden of a grant authorized in October for re- Trust Funds 275,511.44 Lane, Champaign. 111. Employees Retirement 4th Marine Div— (June) D. E. Sullivan, P.O. search in pediatric virology. L. Eldon Trust Fund 3.379,326.60 3,654,838.01 Box 94, Waldwick, N. J. James, of Virginia, President of the Le- Net Worth: USS Arizona— (Apr.) Joseph Keehen, 811 Reserve Fund 24.185.11 Locust Ave., Long Beach. Calif. 90813 gion foundation, made the presentation Restricted Fund 23,111.96 Real Estate 811,228.39 USS Chicago (WWI)— (Apr.) John B. Lan- in New York City. Reserve for Rehabilitation.. 519.173.92 caster, 5051 Oxford Ave., Philadelphia 24. Pa. Reserve for Child Welfare.. 88.259.20 USS Leviathan (WWI)— (Apr.) R. L. Hedlander, Reserve for Convention 60.000.00 Box 22, Greenwich, Conn. The American Legion Rehabilitation 1,558,961.58 USS LST 278— (Feb.) John Vatasin, 48 Guenther Unrestricted Commission has sent an urgent letter to Capital 452.092.71 1,106,868.87 PI., Passaic, N. J. S6.519.932.42 USS Oklahoma, BB 37— (May) Edward H. Lutz, the Senate Appropriations Committee 673 Lindley Rd., Glenside, Pa. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 33 NEWS Lewis D. Myles Park LIFE MEMBERSHIPS and John W. and Tal- Charles Lawson and Lester R. Lindstrom (all madge R. Pollock and Frank J. Powers (all 1963), Post 777. Celoron. N. Y. of a life to a The award membership Legion- 1962) , Post 348, Chicago, 111. Anthony Tursi and Max Wasserman (both naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who James Babicky and Louis K. Birkner and 1961). Post 1072, Brooklyn, N. Y. know him best that he has served The Ameri- William H. Kammert and Allan E. Moulton William Libson and Samuel Marks and (all 1963), 111. can Legion well. Post 363, Chicago, Emanuel May (all 1963), Post 1124, Bronx, N. Y. Frank Spanske and Edward Synecki and Below are listed some of the previously un- Anthony J. McAllister (1963), Post 1242, New Roman Szulc and Joseph J. Wagner (all 1960), York, N. Y. published life membership Post awards that Post 419, Chicago, 111. Peter H. Brown and William E. Brown and have been reported to the editors. They are John E. Messersmith (1963), Post 181, Good- Wilbert Butterfield and Ed A. Byrns (all 1963). arranged by States or Departments. land. Ind. Post 243, Galion, Ohio. Lloyd Thurston (1963), Post 69, Osceola, E. D. Brewer and James F. King (both 1963). Peter G. Prucnal 11959) and Homer J. Loyd Iowa. Post 1, Tulsa. Okla. (1963). Post 72. Oneonta. Ala. Charles Lenzer (1962), Post 203, Covington, Harry B. Eberly Ky. and Herbert S. Foltz and T. Gordon Mathews and Elgan C. Robertson Jesse G. Frey and Paul N. Geyer (all 1960). Edward R. Taylor (1960) (both 1963). Post 5. Marianna, Ark. and Harold J. An- Post 46, Chambersburg, Pa. delman and John B. Atkinson and Russell B. Julia t. De Janis (1963), Post 99, North Little Roger E. French and John D. Goodbread Bearse (all 1961), Post 27, Cambridge, Mass. Rock, Ark. (both 1963). Post 347, New Kensington, Pa. William E. Carney (1963), Post 122, Methuen, Richard H. Allen (1963), Post 9. Alameda, Mass. Stephen Lazorchak and Dominic Madis and Calif. George Matula and Andrew Milavech (all Robert D. Crow ley and Vincent J. Hogan and William F. Irvin (1963), Post 123, Santa 1953), Post 551, St. Michael, Pa. William F. Hogan (all 1962). Post 176. Everett. Monica. Calif. Mass. Thomas M. Curry and Leroy Fales and Wil- Leslie B. Slauter (1947) and Cecil J. Cameron David Cogswell and Harry M. Williams and liam W. Gray and Joseph W. Greene, Jr. (all (1955) and Eugene F. Streed (1961), Post 181, 1963), Post 12, North Kingstown, R. I. Eli H. Zechlin (all 1S62), Post 26, Niles, Mich. Brea. Calif. Thomas Lynn Johnston Arthur W. libbs, Sr. and John H. Williams and Thomas L. Alva L. Johnson and George E. Learned, Sr. Rapier and M. L. Tinsley, Jr. (all 1962), Post 81, (both 1948) and Howard Babb (1963), Post 184, and William Proud (all 1960). Post 211, Lom- Detroit. Mich. Cleveland, Tenn. poc, Calif. John R. Waters (1962) and Carl F. Madsen John G. Alexander and James Erickson (both Arthur L. Gaulin (1948), Post 496, Long and Larry M. Sims (both 1963), Post 12, Tyler, 1963) . Post 231. Minneapolis, Minn. Beach, Calif. Texas. John C. Hassell, Sr. (1963). Post 5. Rahway. Fred Engen (1963). Post 521. Rio Linda, Calif. John L. Godwin (1963), Post 3, Roanoke, Va. N. J. Louis V. Niez (1963), Post 562. Los Angeles, Josephine M. Senerchia (1963), Post 118, Calif. James Nisi and Joseph Policastro (both 1963), Norfolk, Va. Post 67, East Rutherford, N. J. S. Tex Rose (1963), Post Byron N. Thurama (1963), Post 30, Port Or- 730, Los Angeles, Joseph Calif. D. Maher (1963), Post 78, Englewood. chard, Wash. N. J. G. Post 89, Henry T. Gassert and Forrest A. Hethcote Leonard Swanman (1962), Minoc- Dane H. Phile and Fred Rehnstrom and Wil- qua, Wis. and Henry J. Hoppler and Arthur R. Troutman liam R. Timby and Raymond Wells (all 1963), (all 1962). Post 90, Holyoke, Colo. Post 146, Riverside. N. J. Life Memberships are accepted for publica- L. G. Lowcry and C. B. McCampbell and Ernest Marini (1963), Post 143, Bronx, N. Y. tion only on an official form, which we provide. Earl L. McCone and G. E. Olson (all 1963), Post 105, Julesburg, Colo. Henry J. Schmoll and Harry St. Clair and Reports received only from Commander, Ad- C. R. Thomas (all 1963), Post 145, Long Island Leon W. Dupuy (1961) and Floyd R. Agrell jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded City, N. Y. (1S62) and Virginia M. Harrison (1963), Post the life membership. C. Dewey Kies and Fred Kies and Eugene 63. Washington, D. C. They may get form by sending stamped, self- Lee and Melvin Orth (all 1962), Post 188, Liver- addressed return envelope to: Hugh Gilbert Meis (1963), Post 139. Tampa, pool, N. Y. Fla. "L. M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 William Holmes and Daniel Jacobs and S. S. 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019. Burt F. Ballard and Leonard J. Eastland Martinson and Alfred E. Raff (all 1962), Post On a corner of the return envelope write the (both 1961), Post 268, Riviera Beach, Fla. 391, Brooklyn, N. Y. report. written Wallace C. S. Young (1963), Post 11, Hono- Emil J. Horn (1963), Post 483, Rosedale, N. Y. number of names you wish to No lulu, Hawaii. Emil A. Carlson and George J. Forscey and letter necessary to get forms.

DR. COLLINS' LIFE-SAVING "DOG TAGS" NEW OIL BOOM (Continued from page 24) ROCKS NEVADA anywhere in the world regarding any recognized, the AMA action does not, member in a medical emergency. of course, go into the registration and Now STAKE YOUR CLAIM With A The Medic-Alert emblems are made other services which Medic-Alert pro- U.S. GOV'T OIL LEASE in three types—disc on a neck chain, vides. disc on a charm bracelet, and bracelet in Nevada's Great Basin neighboring Gulf, Standard, Sinclair, Conoco, Union, Shell, etc. with a medallion in the center, the com- Membership in Medic-Alert costs a

Major oil companies have just leased monest type. On one side of the emblem one-time-only fee of $5, which huge AREAS in Nevada's rich NEW is the name "Medic Alert" in red with covers the emblem and a membership Great Basin! Geological crews and drill a red caduceus (see photo) between the card on file for life. Part of the fee is used rigs are now there—already a multi- million dollar oil field in Ely area. two words. On the reverse side is en- for educational purposes, and part Activity has reached a fever pitch. It's graved the medical condition, telephone for a Linda Collins Scholarship for now or never! You can share in this roaring oil boom with a U. S. Govern- number of Medic-Alert, and the file Nurses. ment oil lease near producing wells. number of the wearer. The engraving is There are over 200 known classifica- Thousands of Americans have struck it rich with similar oil lease opportunities deep so it cannot wear off or become de- tions for which it would be wise to wear earning up to $3,000 monthly. Reserve faced. The tag is attached to the bracelet Medic-Alert warnings: —Diabetes, epi- your oil lease issued by the Government rare NOW. Choice parcels are going fast. with a sturdy double lock so there is no lepsy, hemophilia, heart disease,

Offer valid all states except Calif. fear of loss, or of child wearers remov- blood type, glaucoma, "neck breathing" ing them. Persons with more than one (laryngectomies), myasthenia gravis, medical problem have the names of all multiple sclerosis, deep-sea divers, wear- 0NLY D0WN 40 ACRES $10 the problems engraved. The emblems, ers of contact lenses, drug allergy (espe- Only $10 a month ($110 full price) made of stainless steel or silver, are wa- cially allergy to penicillin, horse serum, MAIL COUPON TODAY terproof and practically indestructible. and Novocain), and those taking special medications such as insulin, digitalis, I NEVADA OIL LEASE CO. (NOLCO) RENO, NEVADA. BOX 5215L American Medical Association, cortisone, anti-coagulants, and antabuse | The Oil Lease immediately. be- j Reserve my Great Basin thoroughly impressed, has recently (an alcoholic taking antabuse could ! Enclosed is $10 down-payment on a 40 acre violently or fatally ill if given al- I parcel ($10 per month, $110 full price) devised a standard medical alert tag to come I Enclosed is $10 down-payment on an 80 acre serve the basic medical warning function cohol), etc. parcel ($20 per month, $210 full price) of the Medic-Alert bracelets. It hopes its Over 100,000 persons in the United Name | tag may become universally accepted by States alone now wear Medic-Alert em- Address | any group issuing such tags. Essentially blems. Statistics show that over 40 mil- City _State_ I You must be a citizen of the USAand over 21 years of age. an attempt to standardize the design of lion Americans, averaging one in almost family, have a hidden medical Largest Oil Lease Agents In Federal Land a good thing so that it may be universally every 34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 —

problem. All would be wise to wear Holdup victims, knocked unconscious identification noting the fact. Medic- and their wallets stolen, are quickly

Alert has received thousands of letters identified if wearing a Medic-Alert tag. from persons whose lives have been The tags have been a great help in iden- MEN PAST40 saved by correct medical treatment given tifying amnesia victims, too. as the result of their tags. Many, too, Medic-Alert is endorsed by many or- Afflicted With Getting Up Nights, now have peace of mind for the first ganizations including state and county Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, time. Many letters to Medic-Alert begin: medical and nursing societies, health Nervousness, Tiredness. "Before I got my emblem I was afraid agencies, police and fire departments, If you are a victim of any of the to go out alone." The emblem reassures and civic groups and clubs. Medic-Alert above symptoms, your trouble may not only its wearer but the anxious family conducts year 'round educational pro- be due to Glandular Inflammation of such a person, too. grams to enlighten the public about its a constitutional disease for which it work. Many organizations pay for em- is futile for sufferers to try to treat Police officers are trained to look blems for indigent persons needing them. themselves. for these emblems. Accidents American Legion Posts have pub- and Many Neglect of such inflammation may sudden illness can happen any time, any licized their availability in their com- cause men to lose their vigor, grow place, anywhere. Doctors and nurses are munities. old prematurely . . . and often leads alerted by these tags. The emblem with to incurable conditions. The Foundation is now known not only nationally but also internation- NON-SURS/CAL TREATMENTS ally. Branches have been formed in Can- ada, New Zealand, and Spain. Great Most men, if treatment is taken in Britain, Ireland, Switzerland, The Neth- time, can be successfully non- surgically treated for Glandular In- erlands, Germany, Italy, Austria, Ma- flammation. If the condition is laya, The Philippines and many other aggravated by lack of treatment, sur- countries are establishing branches, too. gery may be the only chance. The The Medic-Alert Foundation is a non- mild non-surgical treatment has profit, charitable organization, and any- proven so effective it is backed with one wishing more information may write a Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. Medic-Alert Foundation, Turlock, Calif. The Excelsior Medi- the end cal Clinic has a new Free Book, fully il- lustrated, that tells THE LEGION AND MEDIC-ALERT. how these troubles RESOLUTION 146 OF THE may be corrected 1963 AMERICAN LEGION by proven non- NATIONAL CONVENTION surgical treat- WHEREAS, In recent years medical ments. This book science has developed many drugs may prove of which have saved the lives of thou- utmost importance sands of persons; and to you. Write WHEREAS, Many of these drugs are today. harmful, dangerous and may even cause death to persons who are allergic Excelsior Medical Clinic, Dept. B 1185 "That's my opinion, and 1 can give you my to them; and Excelsior Springs, wife's even though she's not here. It Mo. suffering from would be just the opposite of mine." WHEREAS, Persons diabetes, epilepsy and other conditions THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE must receive special kinds of treat- ment in emergencies; and REAL ESTATE in a Pleasant Career There is now available a PAYS BIG! Be Your Own Boss WHEREAS, report substantial incomes. Men and its vital message prevents improper or in- Graduates FREE permanent identification Medic-Alert Women of all ag**s prepare easily and quickly jurious aid and fatal delays by giving the regardless of previous experience. Course covers BOOK bracelet or necklace bearing warning sales, loans, law, appraising & related subjects. reus doctor essential facts to guide him. The of the wearer's special medical prob- Diploma Awarded. Study at homeor inmajor cities. HOW Send NOW for Big FREE Book. No obligation. emblems are especially helpful when the lem and other information which Accredited Member National Home Study Council. VA Approved.

i 1936) might be the means of saving that WEAVER SCHOOL OF REAL ESTATE Est. patient is comatose, unconscious, deliri- 3521 A Broadway Kansas City, Mo. -64111 person's life: and ous, in shock, deaf and dumb, etc. And WHEREAS, These emblems are even conscious persons may be so nerv- manufactured by a non-profit founda- ous and excited in an emergency that tion which has been endorsed by in- BORROW BY AIRMAIL numerable national, state and county they may forget to mention their special physician and nurses' societies, and by *100-*300-*600 or MORE medical condition. But their tags would highway patrol and police personnel; speak for them. now, therefore, be it •;/() NO embarrassinf. imntfga. IIh •"»" J lions; NO representative will diabetics epileptics S '-.'dKl rill nn unn Collate*?Tnll.tar.! .n. Many and have co signers are not required; RESOLVED, That The American Le- all loans are granted on your learned that if they suddenly become un- personal signature! gion in National Convention assem- conscious, their wearing of a Medic- bled in Miami Beach, Florida, Septem- Cash Vou Gel 24 Mo Par ts Alert this emblem makes the difference be- ber 10-12, 1963, adopt program $400'9 $240° under the Membership and Post Ac- t know of the loan Take advantage tween being taken to jail and put in a fast, dignified loan service today! tivities and urge all posts Committee i "drunk tank," or being taken to a hos- of Bankers Investment Company to make suitable medical alert em- NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-Z Colorado Springs, Colorado pital and given prompt medical attention. blems available to needy persons as Mr. R. D. Osborn, Vice AMOUNT I NEEO tags certified their physicians; and, be President The have been of value in the by NATIONAL LOANS, Dept. 11-Z identification of unknown dead persons. it further 101 S. Tejon, Colorado Springs, Colo. rush "Loan Agreement" en, RESOLVED, That this action be re- Please In plain elope In a matter of minutes police in Horse- ported to all posts through The Ameri- Name_ .Occupation. man Township, Pa., were able to identify Legion Magazine, can Advance, and Address. -Age_ a man found dead, and get the name and any other means deemed fit. address of his next of kin. City .Zone. _State.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 35 THE NATIONAL COMMANDER OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 1963-1964 (Continued from page 13) being a school patrolman when I was 12 "I don't think I should say that," Foley "I was a utility man," Foley told me. ." years old and living in Wabasha, Minn. said. "What I could say," he went on, "I played . .

It could be rough standing on a street "is that maybe I was chosen because I'm "End," I guessed, and he nodded. "I corner with a wind whipping across the Irish and I have big feet. Could be that can see why," I said. "You were tall, Mississippi River at 30° below." that qualified me for being an Army rangy, and being a basketball player you

"Where is Wabasha?" I asked. "And M.P. Anyhow, I enjoyed the work. To were probably glue-fingered on passes." what's it like?" me it was important work. I took it seri- "I did play freshman basketball at St.

ously. We didn't just police troop per- Thomas," Foley said, "and I played

Wabasha is a small county seat of sonnel on trains. We worked in enforcing basketball in the service wherever I was 2,500 in southeastern Minne- the law from the military standpoint, a stationed, but my basketball days are sota," Foley said. "That means it's a typi- thing I found very challenging. I also over now. A couple of years ago a new cal Minnesota community from the spent time at Fort Belvoir in the Engi- school was dedicated in my town. I took standpoint of Legion activity. Minnesota neers' School, and at the Infantry School part in a preliminary all-star game. I still is a strong Legion state. Except for our at Fort Benning." had an eye for a basket, but I didn't have larger cities like Minneapolis, St. Paul "Do you think your experience in the the old steam." and Duluth, it's a bundle of small towns. Army has left any imprint on you?" I "You mean the alumni versus the high state Throughout the there are 630 asked. "Did it do anything to vou psy- school varsity?" I asked. American Legion Posts, a Post for almost chologically or mentally?" "About like that," Foley told me. "I every town. And they are very active "I merely thought of myself as part scored four points and my children were groups. That was one of the things that of the all-out effort like everybody else. very proud of me, but I'll never do it attracted me to the Legion when I first I wouldn't have selected a military career again." came out of law school. if it had been left up to me. but I was "Did you fall apart at the seams?" I 'I particularly liked the fact that so happy to be part of the national effort asked him. many people from so many walks of because it was necessary." "Actually ;t was foolish for me to do life at came together the Legion Post, "Physically you are rugged," I said. it. 1 wasn't in condition, but I did it and part in and took constructive community "Did you ever play football?" that's how I know my basketball days are programs. I liked it so much that when "I wasn't always as heavy as I am over." I came home I joined Post 50 in Wabasha now," Foley said. "I was once tall and "What did your father do?" I asked. and have been active in it ever since." thin. I played more basketball than foot- "My father was a lawyer in Wabasha,"

"When you say you got back." I asked ball at St. Felix High in Wabasha. From Foley said. "I'm one of ten children, six him, "where from?" there I went on to St. Thomas College boys and four girls, and we were all "I was in the Army three and a half in St. Paul, where I played freshman raised in Wabasha. We lost a brother in years," Foley said. "I was in the Corps football and freshman basketball." infancy, but the other nine of us are still of Military Police for about a year." "How much did you weigh then?" I living. I was born in 1921, and I'm right "They wore spick-and-span uniforms." asked. in the middle. There are four older and

I said, "and they used to spit-polish their "Between 155 and 160," Foley said. four younger than I am." shoes." "How many of you are lawyers?" Foley grinned. "We did have to be on "'V^ou must have been like me," I "Of the five Foley boys, four of us our toes." J_ told him. "I was so bony I broke are lawyers."

"As I recall the M.P.'s." I said, "you my collarbone tackling the dummy the "You must have liked your father's were pretty much a hand-picked corps." first dav I went out for football." business," I said. "My mother used to tell us, 'You

didn't get it from the wind.' We grew

up with it. Anyhow we liked the law. My father, John R. Foley, was a typical country lawyer. He was a man of strict integrity and great ability; sharp, wise and hard to get the best of in a court- room, the kind of man you'd rather have with you than against you. He could be

rough and tough if the occasion de-

manded it. He was a capable and square- shooting trial lawyer and he set us boys a terrific example." "Are you a trial lawyer?" I asked. "Jerry Giesler, the Hollywood attorney, used to complain to me that trial lawyers were a dying breed. He told me nobody wants to do that any more. They all want to be corporation counsels." "I do a lot of trial work," Foley said. "I also do a lot of appellate work. When

a lawyer practices in a small town as I

do, he has a variety of litigation. I take on whatever comes through my door.

That gives a man wide experience. I may get a case today involving injuries sus- tained in an accident. Tomorrow two " "

farmers may come to see me who have "The first thing I did almost got me a dispute over a boundary line. The next thrown out of a state convention," Foley How a little pill helped me day a contract problem may come my told me. "I joined the Legion in 1947, way. I must be prepared to handle a wide but I wasn't really active in it until 1948, range of legal problems." because I was going to law school. I'd STOP SMOKING "That must give you a far deeper in- been home from Fordham two weeks sight into human nature," I told him, when the Post Adjutant asked me if I'd "than just handling corporate law." like to 2.0 to a state convention.

"It's hard for me to say that I prefer it my way," Foley told me, "because I've knew nothing about the structure never experienced the other kind of legal I of the organization. I knew nothing work where attorneys specialize in one about mandates, or that if a resolution particular field." came out of my district and I was on "It's my guess that you have more fun the committee presenting it, it was up to than they do." me to fight for it. When I got to the con- "I do have fun," Foley said, "and that vention and my district went into cau- I a in much is fine, but when you have a wife cus, didn't know single man the delegation. I grass green. and five sons to feed and clothe it's kind whole was Vol- of nice to have some compensation for unteers were called to serve on a con- From 4 packs to 0 in 5 days! vention committee. I raised hand. I it, too; although, as you know, there are my many compensations in addition to was put on it. A resolution was pre- By Quentin Reynolds sented district, money. As in anybody's life, sometimes from my and thrown "I was a 4 to 5 pack-aday smoker. With the I help of a little pill called Bantron, I stopped those extra compensations are little open for discussion. was hot against it; completely in 5 days. It's wonderful to think in fact, I went after it in such a big way things like knowing you've helped some- there is such a marvelous aid to quitting or I led the fight that killed it. Looking back cutting down. body even if you aren't paid. I remem- ber walking down the street one day and now, I realize that some of the other members of the committee must have Bantron is an important medical discovery, a young fellow who hadn't been home developed at a great American university, that for some time stopped to thank me for been thinking. What's going on? Is this has helped people in over 14 countries to stop smoking. A series of clinical tests reported in helping his mother with kid Foley nuts or something? a problem that a leading Medical Journal* established that had come up while he was away. I call "Back in the caucus room when re- 4 out of 5 people who wanted to quit smoking stopped within 5 days when they took Bantron. that extra compensation. You can't ports were asked for I gave mine. I told And the Bantron way is so easy and pleas- them I had fought that particular reso- measure such things in dollars." is ant ! Bantron does not affect your taste, "When you first hung up your shin- lution all the way down the line. Some- not habit forming. It acts as a substitute for the nicotine in your system, and curbs gle, did you do it alone?" I asked. "Or one in the back of the room stood up and your desire for tobacco. did you team up with a interrupted me to ask, 'Mr. Chairman, law firm?" Taken as directed, Bantron is perfectly safe. "I joined my father," Foley said. "I who is this knuckle-head who had the Just take 3 Bantron tablets a day, after meals, for four days. Then only 2 a day until remember the first day I walked into his audacity to become a member of a con- all desire to smoke leaves you. 80% are "Free" office. I had just come from New York vention committee and vote against a in 5 to 10 days. Now at drug stores with- after graduating from Fordham Law mandate of his own district? I not only out prescription. Also Bantron School. Like all young lawyers, I was demand that he be removed from this available in Canada. brand Smoking Deterrent Tablets ready to take on the world. My dad said committee, I want him thrown out of the thoughtfully, 'Let's see, we'll have to get delegation!' * Copies available to doctors on request. Write Campana Corporation, Batavia, III. you started on something around here.' "I didn't know those people, and I

Then he handed me an abstract of a title couldn't have cared less about what they and told me, 'Examine this and tell me thought of me at that time, so I said, 'Mr. LEARN how good you think the title is.' I asked, Commander, you are all strangers to me, MEAT CUTTING 'What?' Dad told me again, and all I and I know nothing about resolutions or Train quickly in 8 short weeks at Toledo for a bright future with security could do was repeat the same I mandates. asked for a volunteer question You and in the vital meat business. Big pay. full-time Jobs— HA\'F, A PROFIT Mil F. had asked him before. He asked wonder- I was chosen to serve. Does that mean MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after graduation. Diploma given. Job help, Thousands of successful graduates. Our ingly, 'Didn't you graduate from law that I can't continue to serve if I dis- i JOth year! Send now for big, new strated FRF.F, catalug. No obligation. G. I. Approved. school?' 'Sure,' I said, 'but they didn't agree? If so, take me off the committee, " give us stuff like this.' but if I continue to serve on it, I'll do "I'm surprised they didn't teach you what I think is right.' about title abstracts at Fordham," I said. "After a certain amount of heated Shrinks Hemorrhoids "They had, of course," Foley said, consultation they told me it was O.K. for to stay on. That was "but suddenly I had gone from theory to me my baptism New Way Without Surgery practicing in a real, live, working, prac- in The American Legion. The following tical law office. There's a big difference." year I became the Post Adjutant." Stops Itch -Relieves Pain "Will being National Commander of "You must have had ideas about For the first time science has found a The American Legion interfere with your things you hoped to accomplish if you new healing substance with the astonishing ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve profession?" I asked. were lucky enough to be elected to your pain — without surgery. "Of course," Foley told me. "Being a present position," I said. In case after case, while gently relieving pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. National Commander is a full-time op- "Let me put it this way," Dan Foley Most amazing of all — results were so eration. But it won't present any profes- told me. "Every commander of The thorough that sufferers made astonishing sional problems. The lawyer who works American Legion has a built-in program statements like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! with me now as my assistant will there be waiting for him to execute as a result of The secret is a new healing substance to mind the store." actions taken by the same National Con- (Bio-Dyne*) — discovery of a world-famous research institute. "What was the first thing you did in vention that elects him. In addition, he This substance is now available in sup- the Legion after you became a Legion hopes to be capable and competent pository or ointment form under the name Preparation H®. Ask for it at all member?" I asked. drug enough to meet serious situations which counters. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 37 —

NATIONAL COMMANDER 1963-1964 "They could certainly help us achieve ple's bodies, we're also helping strength- (Continued from page 37) whatever program we might advance. en their minds and their characters." could confront the country and the Le- The American Legion doesn't have the "How old are your own boys?" I asked gion overnight. For one thing, I would powers of government, but our govern- Dan. like to see the Legion help bring about ment needs the support of all its citizens. "The oldest is 17. The youngest is better understanding between Latin We can say to it, 'We'd like to help. seven," he said. "They love to fight. They America and our country. Tell us how we can help!' like to play. When our older boys were "Then, too, there must be other areas eight or nine and the little fellows were ct ~|\ /T ore than a year ago I was a mem- in which the Legion can give our country two or three, I would have saved money

1.VX ber of our National Security more positive assistance than it's giving if I had put our doctor on an annual re- Commission. We made a tour of the mili- now. In a sense it's our Minnesota Le- tainer fee. Our kids were healthy and tary installations in western Europe. We gionville all over again, only on a bigger they loved sports. As a result, we went were in Berlin about a week after the scale. We had that idea in our books, but through a period when we seemed to be

Russians stopped jamming the corridor. we had to put it into operation. I'm as- having them stitched up all the time." What we saw and heard then was not suming our government has a definite "Does your wife take an interest in only interesting but informative. A simi- and carefully thought out policy program Legion affairs?" I asked. lar situation has developed in Cuba now. for Central and South America. If so, "Ellen is a Legionnaire herself," he We have communism right here in our there must be something we can do in a told me. "I met her when we were both laps in our own hemisphere only 90 miles positive, practical, constructive way to in the service. She was a WAC corporal. as that If away from our coast you know. The give policy greater emphasis. the I was a sergeant." He grinned. "That's trouble is that we have become used to Legion can help constructively I'd be the the only thing that saved our marriage. it—that we've become complacent. first to listen. That's what I'm trying to Somebody had to keep rank. Ellen be- "Since we are dealing in minutes in- get across to you." longs to an all-woman Post at Austin, 80 stead of hours when we mention security, "You got it across," I told him. "Tell miles away from our home in Wabasha. it seems to me tremendously important me, Dan, has the fact that you're a big, A small group of 25 women at Austin for this country to develop better rela- strong, powerful man had any effect on keep a Legion charter. Ellen has be- tions with our American neighbors. If vour life? I was impressed with vour longed to that Post for quite a few years, you ask me, 'How can we do that?' in ruggedness when you walked into this but she actually works with the local '1 all honesty 1 must say, don't know.' 1 room." Auxiliary at home." that in the try to "1 just best I with do suggest we Legion do the know how Folev thought of something else. "You carry I have," help our Administration out any the equipment he said. said I'm a healthy looking specimen. If constructive policies it may have to pre- "Do you have trouble sleeping in I am, it's because I do everything in mod- vent the spread of communism in at in bunks or in berths on trains or ships?" L eration. I have a healthy appetite, but I objective in that "I trouble keeping feet under America. Our area have my eat lightly. The same goes for drinks, seems clear. It's the 'how' that's unclear." blankets in my bed at home." mv and I try to get at least seven hours sleep Legion "Where do vou stand on physical fit- "Are there any American every night. When I'm home I walk as ness?" I asked. Posts in Central and South America?" much as possible. If I'm working in Wa- President is interested in physical "We have full-fledged Departments "Our basha, the court house is six or seven the equivalent of state organizations fitness and wants us all to be fit, too. As blocks away from my home, so instead of in Mexico, Puerto Rico, and the Canal you probably know, The American Le- driving I walk. I was a paper boy for six Zone." Foley told also have gion for many, many years has been me. "We years. I still have a paper boy's gait. I in favor a of Posts in many other Latin countries." wholeheartedly of program like to move fast, get there, get the job "Couldn't such Posts be the spots from that kind. Last year in Minnesota we had done." which the forces of anti-communism 400 Legion junior baseball teams. Not "Until now," I asked, "what has been might radiate?" I asked. only are we developing our young peo- the most demanding job you've ever had in the Legion?"

"T^Vistrict Commander," Foley told me. "I'm sure that others would say that being a Department Commander

is more taxing, but I'm thinking of my own situation. In Minnesota I live in the First District. Our Department of the Le-

gion is made up of ten Legion Districts.

The First District has ten counties in it, with 56 Legion Posts. Wabasha is on the Mississippi River on the eastern extreme

edge of our District. I traveled much farther than a centrally-located man.

but the real reason I say it was tax-

ing is because I'd work all day, then leave at 4:30 or 5 p.m. to carry out a Legion commitment 120 miles away. I'd get home at midnight or one o'clock, then go back to work the next day. I'd

do that day in and day out. I found that much harder than being Department Commander which is supposed to be a

much bigger job, because even when I was traveling all over the state and away —

two or three days hand running, I was Minnesota," Foley went on. "Minnesota always able to get in a good night's rest people know that the Legion is a good without the pressure of working in my organization. They also are aware that YOU CAN SAVE office. the battle for Americanization is no tea

party, no matter what it was in Boston Being District Commander re- Harbor back in 1773. The Legion is on YOUR HEARING! quired that 1 take part in Post in- the side it thinks right! Maybe it's not stallations. Most of them happened in right all the time, but it's more often that The United States Public Health the fall of the year. There were also Post way than not. Take the matter of com- Service has published a booklet activities, social activities, business activ- promising between personal freedom and of vital interest to all who care ities, endless banquets. A District Com- a love of country, a love of the Ameri- about their hearing. This book- mander is constantly on the move, work- can way of life. take a strong position We let, entitled "How to Protect ing to help build up membership and bol- there because there can be no compro- Your Hearing," tells what can stering weak spots." that. I to tell mise on don't have you cause a loss of hearing, and how "What causes a weak spot?" I asked that there is far less personal freedom to guard against losing your its satellite countries Dan. "A lack of interest?" in Soviet Russia and hearing. It offers valuable sug- "Sometimes it's caused by poor leader- than we possess. That's a way of saying gestions to those who have suf- ship, sometimes the members are slow that when the Legion fights communism fered a hearing loss. It explains on their feet," he said. "It's up to the it's fighting for personal freedom. the problems of hearing difficul- District Commander to nudge them. I "What I'm driving at is this. The Le- ties in children. To obtain a free found that meeting those people, talking gion can't be afraid to take a position copy of this reliable, authorita-

to them personally, being interested in simply because of some individual's tive booklet, simply fill out the their efforts, gave them the needed views, or someone's news policy, or be- coupon below. boost." cause some editor or self-labeled "liberal'

"What sort of yardstick did you use in organization takes a different position. r FREE BOOKLET . judging whether they were doing a good If we believe we are a stabilizing force For your free copy of "How to Protect Your Hearing," plus descriptive litera- job or not?" I asked. in America, if we believe we represent a ture on Zenith Hearing Aids, just write: "You have their record of previous cross section of what is good in America, Zenith Radio Corporation, Dept. 44Z 6501 W. Grand Ave., Chicago 111. years to go by," Foley answered. "At we must have enough courage to stand 35, the same time you know how many po- up and be counted. Inevitably this will tential veterans are eligible for member- mean that we'll be criticized.

ship in a given area, and as you watch "But in taking its strong stand I al- the returns come in you can compare the ways like to see the Legion speak in a results with what has been done in former responsible way. People may disagree ZONE STATE years. Those situations can usually be with our viewpoint at times. If we ex-

cured. All it takes is elbow grease, effort, press a strong conviction, there may be teamwork, organization, leadership. The those who feel that ours is not the wisest trouble is that wherever you have to pro- course, so the Legion should always have long a membership drive you weaken the a sound basis for its reasoning and not Make Rubber Stamps for BIG PAY

effectiveness of the other basic Legion just shoot from the hip about something Need more money? Earn $30-$50 a week, spare time, at home mak- programs." it isn't fully informed about. Otherwise ing rubber stamps for offices, fac- tories, individuals. Hundreds of "If you had the power," I asked Dan, our enemies will attack our position as uses. Hundreds of prospects— ev- ery where. Right in yourown com- "to change the public concept of the Le- too emotional and too irresponsible. inity. Turn out special stamps for lames, addresses, notices, prices, etc , in minutes with gion, what it is, what it does, what it "Any man who occupies the position table-top machine. We furnish every thing anrf help finance you stands for, what would you do?" of National Commander must remember Write for free facts. No salesman call- Rubber Div. Stamp , Jarvis Ave.. 1512 Dent R-8-P Chicago 2 f> "I think this," Foley said. "Basically that he represents nearly 3 million peo- the Legion has a good name in America, ple, people from all walks of life, people but the Legion takes a strong position with different personal beliefs. A Na- on controversial issues and there are tional Commander must exercise a high people who feel that we take extreme po- degree of judgment and deliberate care- sitions. Nevertheless, Americans know fully before he makes a statement. He

that the Legion is striving to serve our must be certain that that statement will reflect credit on the Legion." country as best it can. Although people You Can Now Be FREE may disagree with us, that doesn't mean "One final question, Dan," I said. we should change our course. "Why did you want to be National Com- From Truss Slavery mander?" "At times when people say, T don't Surely you want to THROW AWAY like the Legion's view on this or that,' "I wanted to be National Commander TRUSSES FOREVER, be rid of Rup- without being belligerent or making a because the people in my Department ture Worries. Then Why put up with wearing a griping, chafing and unsani- muscle I just say, 'We're not running a felt that I had the qualities to be a good tary truss ? For there is now a modern contest.' can't that leader," said. "Also, as I've said, popularity You do Foley Non-Surgical treatment that is de- and stand for something, too. If you ask because I believe The American Legion signed to correct rupture. These Non- me about the Legion's image, I'd char- is a stabilizing force in America. It Surgical treatments are so dependable that a Lifetime Certificate of Assur- acterize it this way: it presents a stabiliz- speaks with a strong voice. I want to ance is given. ing force in America because we rise make that voice as sane, as sober, as Write today for our New FREE above narrow partisanship. We have vital, as patriotic as it can and must be. BOOK that gives facts that may save people who are fierce partisans of one Its words must be courageous, but not in- you painful, expensive surgery. Tells HOW and Explains WHY NON-SUR- political party or the other in the Legion, temperate. It's hard for an organization GICAL Methods of Treating Rupture but once they're in the Legion they forget to be all of those things, but perhaps I are so successful today. Write today which party they belong to. can help. At least, I'll devote a year of my Dept. H-1144. "Let's take the Legion's image in life to trying." the end Excelsior Medical Clinic, Excelsior Springs, Mo.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 39 THE OCARINAS AND THE PLASTER CASTS (Continued from page 21) stead, they waited impatiently for their dience could see were heads, eyes blink- The major launched into a lecture own ocarinas to arrive. ing in the bright light as each man looked that was mostly double-talk to his pa- Next time Nellie came into the ward, stolidly ahead. tient. There were words about muscular a cardboard box replaced the wicker Curiosity increased as they watched atrophy, or shrinking, because of disuse basket. Jim Kern's lips move as he counted. and long confinement. There were other She beamed. "Here you go, boys," Suddenly, hands whipped out ocarinas words about imagination, and to the ef- she said. "A complete set and more. to take a downbeat from him. There was fect that it would take Jim days after See what you can do with them." a snappy arrangement of "Five-Foot- he got the casts off before he'd notice Somehow, she had managed to ac- Two," that finished to rousing applause any appreciable recovery of muscle tone quire six ocarinas ranging in size from for an encore. Naturally, there was the and strength. peanut to Texas yam, in different keys inevitable "White Christmas," and still Jim listened, but only for an opening. for harmony parts. the crowd wanted more. The men on "They still feel tight," he said. "Can't Within seconds the air was filled with stage thought they had finished with you take a look?" dissonant, piercing sounds. Nellie ac- "Sweet Georgia Brown," but they The officer glared, then turned to his cepted her thanks with hands over her hadn't. junior. ears as she left the ward. Loud voices cried, "More." "Check him over," he growled. When Jim could make himself heard, The captain explored the space be- BY the first week in December, the he yelled back: "There ain't any more. tween leg and plaster. He spoke quietly. seven men had managed to work That's all we know." "Major, I think he's right." their afternoons into near-musical inter- The audience would have none of it. Later, as he supervised the restuc- ludes instead of long periods of silence, "Go anyway," they shouted. coing job, the senior officer questioned window-staring and desultory conversa- Three times, the plaster-cast seven Jim. tion. went through their short repertoire be- "Have you been taking some kind of About the middle of the month an fore they were wheeled back to the ortho exercises that I don't know about?" announcement came through the wards ward. "No, Sir," Jim said. "That'd be pretty at Taunton. There would be a Christ- For the first time in many months hard to do, wouldn't it?" mas Eve gala complete with Santa each of the men was physically tired, "Yes, I suppose it would. But you're Claus, entertainment and refreshments. and could hit the sack with a sense of certainly doing something active." Everyone, of course, was invited. The accomplishment. "Well," Kern replied, "we've got this show would be provided by local tal- Word came back to the ward during ocarina outfit going if you can call that ent. the next day or two that they had stolen exercise. I don't know what that would Except for the short-timers who had the show—a bit of knowledge that didn't have to do with it, though." only a couple of weeks to go, the an- harm their morale. "Now just a minute." A look of com- nouncement caused no ripple in the It was perhaps a week after the per- prehension began to crease the major's ortho ward. Jim and his six partners formance that one of the medical offi- face. "How do you keep time?" would have to miss the event, since one cers heard from Jim Kern. "I guess 1 just wiggle my toes against could hardly expect bed-ridden patients "Doc," he said, "my casts are too the casts." to attend. tight. It feels like there's too much leg "I'll be damned. Here we've been fight- One morning, a ward boy was making for 'em." ing this problem for years, and this guy his rounds as the ocarinas were going "Not a chance," the captain answered. stumbles onto what looks like an answer. full blast. He said to Jim, "Why don't "I could give you a long, involved ex- Let's check the rest of that crew." you guys form an act for the show. planation, but it's just your imagination. They checked—and replastered six You're a hell of a lot better than some Forget it." more pairs of casts. Besides that, on the soon alive of the stuff they've planned." Jim refused to forget it. The next time major's orders, the ward came For a moment Jim's eyes lighted, then the officer entered the ward, the patient with anything that would make a man he had second thoughts. "How could repeated his beef. wiggle his toes if they were in a cast. we do it?" he asked. "Even if we wanted "Look, Doc," he pleaded, "these casts cast patients are taught to, there's no way it would work." are killin' me. I tell you, they're too Nowadays, ' setting," a technique of "We could figure out something, I'll tight!" muscle or set of mus- bet. I'm gonna check on it." "How many casts have you had?" putting tension on a muscle cast. This technique keeps "Ah, why waste your time?" Jim "This is my third set, if you count cles while in a prevents countered. the first one in Paris that I only had the muscles working, and shortening the period of It took at least three persons to work a few days." atrophy, thus out the details, plus some convincing "And why were they changed?" convalescence. of Jim and his friends. The ward boy "Because my muscles shrank. But, This Christmas, 18 years later, Jim full talked to the floor nurse, who just hap- dammit, these are tight. How about Kern, hale and hearty, has a drawer gained pened to be a friend of the captain in checkin', huh?" of ribbons and hardware. He's '45, his automated charge of special service. It was his job "Oh all right, if it'll get you off my some weight since and business in to organize the program. After listen- back. I'll come in again, later." archery lane manufacturing ing to the pleas of the nurse, he gave That afternoon the captain walked in Orange, Calif., keeps him pretty busy. the go-ahead. with the testy major in charge of ortho- Still, every once in a while Jim takes Thus, on Christmas Eve, seven white- pedics. The captain looked glum. The down a black and gold ocarina about uniformed nurses pushed operating major's eyes held that resigned, "now- three and a half inches long that rests room carts on stage, executed a smart what" look. on a shelf in his workshop. He looks at toes, column left and retired to the wings. "What seems to be the trouble?" the it fondly, tootles a tune, taps his For half a minute the seven simply staff officer asked. and wipes it off before putting it back lay on the carts, arms under the covers, "Like I told the captain, these leg casts on the shelf. heads propped on pillows. All the au- are too tight, Sir," Jim answered. THE END

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE » D ECEMBER 1963 THE BATTLE OF LOS ANGELES IN WWII (Continued from page 19)

in to the editors. Their writers insisted was promising the country that the that the uncertainties and indecisiveness United States would soon carry the fight emanated from Washington, and they to the enemy, a Japanese submarine sur- begged for leadership. Why didn't the faced in the dusk, 2,500 yards off an government tell the people the truth? oilfield and refinery located at Ellwood, That was the best way to stiffen morale. Calif., 12 miles north of Santa Barbara. For 20 minutes the craft lobbed shells Although many citizens might com- from its 5!/2-inch guns. Although oil a Permanent Cash Account . plain about the quality of the infor- tanks and derricks clustered thickly mation they were receiving, there was no along the shore and the refinery present- Cash 24 Monthly You Get Payments 1. Send in Coupon dearth of quantity. In order to reduce ed a target several hundred feet long, $100 $ 5.59 2. Return Loan Form cost, waste, and the confusion of mul- the gunners scored no direct hits. $300 $16.77 $500 $27.6i Ricocheting shells splintered 3. Cash the Check a wooden Cash 30 Monthly Yes, just 3 simple steps to You Get Payment; get the $100 pier, damaged a pumping machine, to $1,000 cash that is waiting for you, $800 $36.62 but that's not all! Your confidential dented a pipe. With only that to show Sl.OOO $45.11 Loan-By-Mail will automatically es- for its daring, the submarine disap- draw on whenever you need money for any purpose! peared. Pursuit planes and three bombers Repay loan in small monthly installments. No co- makers. Everything private. Also, Credit Life Insur- belatedly sent after it were unable to ance is available, at nominal cost, which will pay the locate any sign of the submarine. balance of your loan in case of death. Clean up your bills now and also have established permanent credit, money that's yours to command whenever you like! No matter where These were the first shells enemy of you live, rush coupon. Loan Order Blank and Permanent Cash the war to strike the American main- Account offer mailed free in plain envelope. No obligation. FINANCE CO., 410 Kit pa trick Building land. Excitement was so intense that DIAL Dept. 12-092. " Omaha 2, Nebraska Roosevelt's speech was crowded out of DIAL FINANCE CO., Dept. 12 092, 1 410 Kit pa trick Bldg.. Omaha 2, Neb. the lead headlines. According to some Rush FREE Loan Order Blank, Permanent Cash Account Offer. commentators, that was exactly what the Name Japanese had intended—a gesture of scorn to make light of Roosevelt's prom- ise of aggressive action. Secretary of the .Zone State.

Navy added that the loca- Amount you want to borrow $ . tion of the attack showed the effective- ness of Japan's espionage; the submarine had chosen the one major industrial in- ELECTRIC SHAVERS stallation on the coast not closely guard- Brand new, latest models, fully guaranteed. All orders mailed in 24 hours. LIST OUR ed. MEN'S MODELS PRICE PRICE "20" . . Norelco Speedshaver. J19.95. . $1 1 .95 New Ronson "200" 19.95... 11.45 "30" Norelco Floating Head . 29.95 . . 16.45 "300" "Don't you ever for Skeptics were not convinced. Whis- Ronson Big Daddy 31.50... 17.85 save any us?" New Remington "25" 29.50. .. 16.45

New Schick Super Speed . . .. 29 50 15.95 THE AMERICAN pers said that the artillery unit as- LEGION MAGAZINE Sunbeam "NS5" Shavemaster . 26.25 . 17.45 signed to Ellwood had been withdrawn Add $1.00 extra for Postage & Sales Tax. Complete refund will be made, if you are not satisfied. Send check or M. 0. to: tiple, uncoordinated press releases, Pres- only a few days earlier; that reporters JOHN BROOKS, DEPT. 145. BOX 212, ST. LOUIS 66, MO. ident Roosevelt established the Office of were not allowed to interview a man and Facts and Figures. Even cabinet mem- boy who had been fishing on a nearby bers were supposed to clear their pier and had obtained a clear view of the speeches and statements through its submarine; that the submarine's gunners To People in chief, poet Archibald MacLeish. Oppo- had not even aimed at the refinery but nents, by no means stilled, promptly at scattered storage tanks; and that their 50 's with dubbed the new bureau "The Office of knuckle-rapping on the tanks indicated Alibis and Excuses." they were empty. Some reports insisted The rosiest of excuses paled before that English letters appeared on the shell ARTHRITIS the seriousness of the situation. The fragments. In short, so these rumors march of the Axis appeared inexorable. said, the raid had been deliberately Many of the people who come to accept our proved methods of natural treatments are Enemy submarines sank freighters staged by our own Navy to underline long-time sufferers. The relief they now may within sight of land the President's appeal for on both coasts and intensified na- obtain might have been theirs years ago had in the Caribbean. Secretary of War tional effort. The attack, it was further they written me earlier. If you will write me

Henry L. Stimson and President Roose- argued, gave justification to the FBI's —no matter your age— I will send you a book that will show why drugs give you only velt each admitted publicly that the registration of enemy aliens and Nisei temporary relief, how you may avoid years States, United which hitherto had relied (American citizens of Japanese de- of needless agony and deformities that may on its oceans to hold back invaders, was scent), preparatory to removing them to cripple you for the rest of your life. Learn now vulnerable. Setbacks on every front relocation camps safely inland from how you may obtain relief from your aches and pains of arthritis, rheumatism, neuritis, led Time magazine to characterize the coastal defense installations. sciatica, and associated conditions, without week ending February 21 as the worst of Loyal Japanese-Americans who had drugs and without surgery. Over 70,000 the century, a succession of "vast, numb- predicted some sort of enemy demon- people have done as we recommended and

have been satisfied with results. I will ing shocks." stration during Roosevelt's talk, coun- tell you the wonderful story of what happened Washington announced that the Pres- tered by saying that further raids could to them when I send the book. Enclose 25^ ident would address the nation by radio be anticipated. The Army tightened its for postage and handling. No obligation. on February 23 and outline plans for guard. Throughout that 24th day of Feb- No agent will call. Write the future. The familiar voice began its ruary, reports poured into headquarters Wm. C. Edwards. theme of reassurance a little after 7 of flashing signal lights at sea. At 7:18 Ball Clinic, Dept. 560 E. Excelsior Springs, Mo. o'clock, Pacific time. Even as Roosevelt p.m., a yellow warning alert flashed in

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 41 —

THE BATTLE OF LOS ANGELES neon sign gleaming inside. Thirty per- turning again and again in the face of (Continued from page 41) sons, 20 of them Japanese, were arrested ground fire before they disappeared in on charges ranging from signaling with the west at Long Beach." the civilian defense stations, but was automobile lights to refusing to cooper- canceled at 10:23 p.m. without the im- Two trained reporters who had seen ate in making the blackout effective. position of a blackout. anti-aircraft barrages in Europe, Bill On the whole, however, the blackout Shortly after midnight, tension re- Henry and Ernie Pyle, did say at the out- was a notable improvement over the first sumed. Radar reportedly picked up un- set that they themselves detected no

confused effort of December 1 1 . The Los identified objects 120 miles at sea. At planes. Henry described what looked to Angeles correspondent of El Nacional 2:15 a.m., February 25, anti-aircraft bat- him like a batch of balloons floating in Mexico City told his paper that the teries were placed on alert. Six minutes along on a strong night wind, but added discipline was notable and the spirit later a general blackout was ordered. that his seeing no planes did not mean of the people admirable. Most of the Only one-fourth of $50,000 worth of none had been there. hundreds of thousands of persons who warning sirens ordered by the city of tumbled out of their beds to watch the Los Angeles had been installed. This Other competent observers were display stayed quietly on their own front handful began to wail. In sections with- convinced they had detected planes out sirens, fire and police vehicles again in the cloudless sky. Some reported took over the duty. Throughout the city "swarms." The matron of a suburban jail and its suburbs, between 10,000 and 12,- counted seven. A few watchers described 000 air raid wardens reported with com- dogfights. Several spoke of the fact that mendable efficiency. Other citizens, long the shells were bursting well below the since inured to alarms, merely turned unidentified objects, whose altitudes were over in bed, if they heard the warning estimated variously between 8,000 and at all. 20,000 feet. Guesses about speed ranged The indifference did not last. A little from "slow" to more than 200 miles an before 3 a.m. a coast artillery colonel hour, in those days a high rate. Every- spotted what he thought were 25 planes one agreed that no bombs fell. Had there flying at 12,000 feet toward Los An- been a Japanese air raid on Los Angeles? geles. At 3:06 a.m., watchers in Santa Secretary of the Navy Knox expressed Monica reported what official accounts the first official doubts in Washington later described as a balloon carrying a a few hours after the raid. He called it a red flare. Four batteries of anti-aircraft false alarm resulting from jittery nerves. artillery opened fire on it. Immediately For a comparison he cited the horns used they were joined by other batteries sta- in the First World War to warn of gas tioned around the huge oil storage facili- attacks. Whenever new outfits had gone ties at El Segundo and on the roofs of to the front, Knox said, their horns had factories in Santa Monica, Inglewood, sounded regularly during the first three and Long Beach, suburbs to the south or four nights, whether gas was present and west of the city proper. The entire or not. He then added that defense in- kept telling him my arm was action took place in that area. in dustries might have to be moved from Guns getting tired." the the coast to safer regions inland. San Fernando Valley, north of Los THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Angeles, and in the cities to the east re- The last remark touched Los Angeles mained silent. porches, out of the way of falling shell on a sensitive nerve. The Times scoffed fragments. at the logic of running from a false alarm IT was a spectacular demonstration. Dawn was different. Although the and then asked who was really jittery The night was clear, moonlit at first blackout continued until 7:21 a.m., most the city of Los Angeles or the armed and, after the moon had set, studded with people thought the restrictions ended forces? Mayor Bowron and Sheriff Bis- stars. Searchlight beams probed, caught, with daylight. Workers driving to their cailuz branded Knox's statements as intersected. Tracers streaked; shells burst places of employment were stopped by damaging to civilian morale. The gov- in orange blossoms— 1,440 shells all police and air raid wardens. Meanwhile, ernment, they said, must deal in good told, official figures later reported. Some a police bulletin announced incorrectly faith with its air wardens and auxiliary fell without exploding and buried them- that an enemy plane had been brought police and not belittle their efforts with selves in backyards or detonated on con- down in flames at 185th Street and Ver- loose talk of false alarms. tact and showered homes with shrapnel. mont Avenue, in the southwestern part The next day, February 26, Secretary Damage was miraculously light, and no of the city. At dawn, thousands of sight- of War Stimson in effect contradicted one was killed. seers tried to drive there. The result was Knox by stating, evidently on the basis There were deaths, however. Two per- the worst traffic snarl in the history of of a report from Gen. George C. Mar- sons, one a State Guardsman, died of Los Angeles. Hours elapsed before some shall, that there may have been as many heart failure. Three were killed in traffic intersections were cleared. as 15 enemy planes over Los Angeles. accidents on the darkened streets. One The initial reports of the night's action Stimson accounted for their failure to air-raid warden chasing a suspicious expressed no doubts about the reality of drop bombs by suggesting that they were character who he thought might be a the raid. The first edition of the Los An- commercial planes rather than military Jap, fell and broke his ankle. A cow geles Times opened its story, "Roaring craft. (Another explanation suggested was killed by a shell at a dairy and the out of a brilliant moonlit western sky, that the planes had come from carriers rest of the herd stampeded, so that the foreign aircraft flying both in large so far at sea that they could not carry morning milking was delayed. Many formation and singly, flew over southern bombs and return.) The aim of a raid windows were broken. Excited wardens California early today and drew heavy by unarmed commercial craft, Stimson damaged a few traffic blinkers in their barrages of anti-aircraft fire." After continued, would be to spread fear, dis- zeal to extinguish them. Someone threw describing the action, the account con- close the position of anti-aircraft bat- ". a garbage can through the window of a tinued, . .the raiders circled twice over teries, and test the effectiveness of black- jewelry store in order to put out a small the southwestern section of the city, re- outs.

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 ;

implications were This divergence of opinion by the de- ing. If it was real, the EAR NOISES partments of War and Navy touched off disastrous: How could unarmed enemy bitter recriminations. Critics again raised planes fly over American cities and not relieved! reported the possibility of a phony raid designed one of them be brought down? . . . thousands Wonderful relief from years to scare the nation into vigor. A few of of suffering from miserable the observers who were sure they had Neither Army nor Navy answered. ear noises and poor hearing caused by catarrhal (excess to the back pages by in- seen planes now decided the aircraft had Relegated fluid mucus) conditions of been American and that the anti-aircraft finitely more important battles around the head. For the past 23 years that's what folks (many shells had been fused to explode safely the world, the local excitement gradually past 70) reported after using our simple Palliative TREATMENT. NOTHING In February 1943, a HOME beneath them. Congressmen from Cali- simmered down. TO WEAR. SOME of the symptoms likely to

deafness and ear noises ; fornia demanded investigations: Had year after the episode, Lt. Col. Bernard go with your catarrhal mucus dropping in nose or throat every day magazine, hear better this been "a practice raid, or a raid to L. Smith, writing in Flying hear — but don't understand words ; on clear days — worse on bad days ; ear noises pilot meteorological bal- throw a scare into 2 million people, or suggested that a like crickets, bells or others. Write TODAY for PROOF OF RELIEF and a mistaken identity raid, or a raid to loon, lighted so that it could be followed 30 DAY TRIAL OFFER. Pay only if helped. stations, caused take away southern California's war in- by ground weather had THE ELMO CO., Dept. 4AL-3, Madrid, Iowa dustries?" used the con- the uproar. Some nervous officer, condi- fusion to reinforce his demands for a tioned by the prior submarine attack on unified military command. Democratic Ellwood, and expecting a raid on Los An- EARN be a TAX CONSULTANT for the heads of both geles, had spotted the mysterious object Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 politicians cried MORE month busy tax season preparing income tax returns in spare time and operate Stimson. the two Republican and let fly. Excitement had then fed on — Knox and profitable Business Tax Service yielding steady members of Roosevelt's bipartisan war itself. Drifting smoke puffs that looked monthly fees of $ 1 0-$50 per client, year round. Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part cabinet. like planes drew more fire, created more time home-office business. No experience necessary. We train you at home and help you start. Write On the 27th, said smoke and more nervousness. today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed by N. Y. Education Dept. acidly: "For downright dizziness, noth- After the war, the Japanese govern- National Tax Training School, Monsey G-17. N. Y. ing compares to the early morning affair ment said that no Japanese planes were on Wednesday, February 25." Stimson's over Los Angeles on February 25. This remarks, the editorial continued, ex- statement indirectly supported the bal-

". explanation is you miserable with pain and aches of leg plained . .everything except where the loon theory. Today that ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due venous although some ob- to deep planes came from, whither they were generally accepted, I congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in-

I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that going, and why no American planes went servers still insist that planes were over I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back in pursuit of them." the city that morning and if they were I guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. |l. e. viscose company Offended by suggestions that the not Japanese they must have been Amer- 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago 10, III. "commercial planes" had taken off from ican. Either some civilian pilot had been secret Japanese bases in Baja California, lost (and plenty scared) or the Army had been setting up a demonstration. the Mexican government issued strong I WANT EVERY READER denials. As the hue and cry intensified, From this distance, the significance of «eff this Paper to have my big red Gen. Mark Clark held a press conference the confusion lies not so much in what 1* EARUANA TOMATO it could that increased the confusion. He said caused it as in the fact that "KING OF THE EARLIES" the raid had been conducted not by com- exist at all. In spite of Roosevelt's Of- Big solid, scarlet fruit, disease resistant, heavy yielder. Ideal for Figures, press coor- mercial craft but by three to five light fice of Facts and V >aBk^ table or canning. Send 125 SEED ItiaEOa' 5 C for mailing 125 seed planes presumably launched dination was woefully inadequate. rprr by sub- and copy of Seed and Nursery Catalog. K £ £ marines and detected over the ocean by Caught between Knox's and Stimson's CONDON BROS. SEEDSMEN Now Combined With the Army's "listening devices." Their contradictory statements, the Army was R. H. SHUMWAY SEEDSMAN, Dept. 309, Rockford, ILL. aim was the same as that ascribed to the in an unhappy dilemma. It could not in- "commercial planes"—to create chaos vite a full investigation without reveal- and test defenses. He said that intercep- ing to the enemy how green and limited HOW TO PUBLISH tors had been placed in readiness but were the troops on hand, how desperate- Join our successful authors in a complete and reliable publishing held on the ground in case a major attack ly few the defensive aircraft available. program: publicity, advertising, handsome books. Speedy, efficient followed the reconnaissance by the light YOUR Earlier preparation by the country service. Send for FREE manuscript planes. would have eliminated both deficiencies. report & copy of Publish Your Book. CARLTON PRESS Dept. ALX And a better understanding of the nature BOOK 84 Fifth Ave., New York 11, N. Y. The reporters then asked the source of public relations in a war-beset democ- of Knox's statement that the raid had racy would have obviated the unsettling been a false alarm. The Navy Secretary clash of opinion that followed the affray. CCORDIONS 'AOFF! did not answer directly, but said that In the midst of this melodrama of er- Save up to y2 oil retail prices ot comparable accordions! since the Army had the responsibility rors, one bright spot is too often over- 5-DAY FREE TRIAL '

I walked toward the edge of the sidewalk great years were just beginning. Ray fit of a break, the call came for this event. to get a better look at another motorcade Barbuti, Glenn Cunningham and Cor- Ed was picked to race in the first heat of approaching the City Hall area—the nelius Warmerdam were hardly known the 500 meters event. The results were same route I had covered the previous outside of their own college conferences disappointing. He finished seventh. afternoon. Suddenly, a policeman thrust until their college careers had ended. And Grishin, who hasn't lost an international out his arm and pushed me back several they reached their prime in the late twen- race at the 500-meter distance, was the feet. I never did find out who shook ties and early thirties of their lives. winner. But Grishin didn't have to carry Mayor Walker's hand on City Hall steps It's not that our athletes are not as his nation's flag. And like every other that afternoon. I had been a hero—for a good as the Russians. Many of them skater representing Russia, Sweden, Nor- day. Under the Russian system, Olym- would be better if we gave them half a way, Japan, etc., he was a subsidized ath- pic gold medal winners and world chance. lete. record holders are given lifetime jobs as Don McDermott of Englewood Cliffs, You may recall that in 1948, Barbara Masters of Sport (coaches). In most N.J., never got a chance. I coached him Ann Scott, Canada's figure skating title- amateur sports in the United States a for ten years and he could have been the continued on page 46)

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John Surrey Cigar Shipment Club gives you all these and another Big Extra Also, as part of the consideration in accepting this offer, please enroll for 6 month trail membership in the John Surrey FREE DIVIDENDS for your continuous buying me a Cigar Shipment Club. Every 3 months, we send you your choice of valuable FREE dividends including I understand that my membership entitles me to order as many such items as Flyte Luggage, Toasters, Broilers, Electric Razors, Electric Hair Brush boxes of cigars as I wish from the John Surrey Cigar Shipment Massagers and many others. Club but not less than 1 box each month during the 6 month trail It will pay you well and pay you often in satisfaction, savings, and prestige to of period. I also understand that if I am not satisfied with any join today the my purchase:, I may return them for exchange or refund without obligation. JOHN SURREY CIGAR SHIPMENT CLUB—An Exclusive Organization of Cigar Smokers Written Signature Print Name . 59 Hempstead Gardens Drive Address West Hempstead, New York City Zone_ State_ THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 45 Deserve to Lose Why We the Oiympics The Russian bear considers first place (including one tie), five silver for second (Continued from page 44) in the Olympic Games one of the best place and nine bronze for third. Add advertisements for communism in the to this the four gold medals, two silver holder, won the Olympic gold medal at world. Through international sports and one bronze picked up by their St. Moritz. The city of Ottawa had pre- East competition the Soviets are attempting German satellites and the total for the sented Barbara with an automobile in to create an image of the superrace, su- communist athletes 1947. And that's when Avery Brundage comes to 28. perman, and superwoman. And they are and the IOC stepped in. Barbara was Our performance in Squaw Valley was succeeding. told that this constituted a violation of not good. We won only in , During each of the past three Winter men's figure skating with David Jenkins the amateur regulations. . .that she must Olympics I have worked as a special cor- return the car or lose her amateur stand- and women's figure skating with Carol respondent for United Press Internation- ing. Heiss. With four second places and a al. I've seen the Russian sports plan, trio of thirds, our medal total was a mere geared to Olympic domination, using Brundage never has taken this offi- ten. professionals against our amateurs, pay cial stand with the athletes of me The Soviets also were hot during the communist and other European coun- off. Summer Games at Rome. Italv, four This country is still well out in front tries. In 1960, Ernst Hinterseer of Aus- years ago. They piled up 43 gold medals in the over-all count of Olympic gold tria, the Olympic slalom ski winner at to 34 for our boys and girls. We were Squaw Valley, was presented with a still at the top in men's track and field check for 25,000 schillings (about and that's the cornerstone of the modern

$ 1 ,000 ) when he came back to his home Olympiad, not the minor sports and in Kitzbiihel. The same year, Guy Perril- women's events which have fattened la( of France, bronze medal winner in the Russia's scores in the past. But the Rus- downhill ski event, and countryman Jean sians are catching us, literally in leaps Vuarnet, the Olympic downhill cham- and bounds. pion, both were given expensive automo- The United States men's track and biles by home town delegations. Perriilai field team,- billed as the strongest ever received his from the village of La- sent abroad, almost was upended in the Clusaz and Vuarnet from his native Mor- annual meet with the Soviet Union in zine. Moscow last July. The Russians actually The top Scandinavian sports compet- outscored the Americans, 60 points to itors are permitted a great deal ot ama- 58 on the final day of the two-day meet. teur leeway. I recall that in 1932, Sonja However, we managed to pull out a 1 19- Heme skates and Birger Ruud skis were 114 victory, the narrowest in history. on sale in many of our leading depart- ment stores. At the same time, Miss In Tokyo next October, we probably Heme, Norway's outstanding figure will not be able to match the Russian sKater, and Ruud, the same nation s ski team, studded with Olympic champions jumping champion, were competing in and world record holders. These include the Winter Olympics at Lake Plaau. if Brumel, the magnificent but professional they got a penny tor the sales promo- high jump titleholder; Igor Ter-Ovane- "Are you going to talk to Mrs. Simpson tions they couldn't have qualified as ama- syan, who recently smashed Ralph Bos- like that?" teurs in the United States. ton's world broad jump record with a THE AMERICXN LEGION MAGAZINE Sven (Tumba) Johansson, veteran leap of 27 feet, 3 inches; plus three men and three women who won gold medals center of Sweden's ice hockey team, en- medals. Since the inception of the Sum- dorses in the 1960 Olympics in Rome. The men and sells hockey helmets, owns mer Games in Athens, Greece, in 1896, are: Pyotr Bolotnikov, 10,000-meter a sporting goods store and writes a sports the United States has collected 469 gold coiumn for a Swedish newspaper. running champion who is likely to com- medals. . .Russia 102. In the Winter pete in the 5,000 meters; Vladimir Go- Heidi Biebl of East Germany, winner Games, which began in Chamonix, lubnichy, walking champion; and Viktor of the downhill ladies event at Squaw France, in 1924. Uncle Sam has picked Tsibulenko, javelin champion. Valley, has been working as a ski in- up 22 first places to 12 for Comrade structor for the past few years. Heidi Ivan. The women are Tamara Press, shot- put; and her sister. Irina Press, will return to Olympic competition in These figures appear to put the Red 80-meter January. America's Pitou, hurdles; as well as Elvira Ozolina, the Penny runner- White and Blue in the black. . .the So- javelin champion. up to Miss Biebl in 1960, is considered viet in the red. But this isn't the true a professional even though she is doing picture. The picture for the Winter Games is the same type of work as the German We have taken part in every Olympic even bleaker. Rudolph has a chance in girl. It doesn't make sense. Games, Summer and Winter. Russia did the 500-meter speedskating. Jean Ash- The Soviet Union not only pays high not participate in the Winter Olympics worth, one of our best in the women's for its athletes, it also provides them until 1956 in Cortina, Italy. Under the 500 meters, is past her peak. She finished with the best equipment at no cost. The Czar, she competed in the Summer sixth in the 1962 world championships only thing the American athlete receives Games in London in 1908 and in the in Japan. Russia will surely clobber us in free is a uniform. Our men and women games at Stockholm four years later. It all of the endurance ski events and very likely in ski jumping. Figure skating, speed skaters require two or three sets wasn't until 1 1 Olympic Games later, of skates and shoes—at $125 a pair. in 1952 at Helsinki, Finland, that she re- once an almost certain gold medal for Our figure skaters' equipment costs more turned to these international competi- Uncle Sam, could be an upset win for the than $1,000 for each competitor—about tions. Russian bear. $500 for skates and shoes and another Competing in only their second Win- I don't see how our ice hockey team $500 for skating costumes. The skiers ter Olympics in 1960, the Russians can repeat its sensational victory of have it "easy"—only about $300 for amassed 21 of the total 71 medals. The 1960. Jack McCartan. the goalie who three pairs of skis and boots. breakdown included seven gold medals starred in that unexpected triumph, is

45 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D :EMBER 1963 now a professional in the emplov of athlete in most of our amateur sports. nothing more than a handicap that we the Chicago Black Hawks organization If an amateur athlete works in a sport- impose on our athletes. of the . If he ing goods organization, it constitutes As far as the Soviet Union and some were a Russian, the Soviet Union would using his reputation and prestige to influ- other countries are concerned, the Olym-

certify him for the Olympics, but we ence his job. which is forbidden in our pics are contests to see how well the best won't. Tommy Williams, the forward amateur rules. Being employed as a performers produced in each countrv who helped contribute to our success recreation director is a violation of ama- can do against the best in others, ama- in Squaw Valley, is also a pro with the teur rules. Employment at a skating rink teur or professional. All we need do to of the NHL. in any capacity, including working in keep ahead in international sports com- the skate shop, checkroom or office, con- petition is to accept that challenge, and The U.S. hockey team, coached by stitutes a violation of amateur skating grant all our best male and female ath- Eddie Jeremiah of Dartmouth, will rules and makes one a professional. If letes the right to compete.

enter the Innsbruck Games with only six an athlete is a professional in one par- I can think of only two important ques-

weeks of practice sessions under its belt. ticular sport, he is ineligible to compete tions posed bv this proposal: (1) Is it

The Russian players have been working as an amateur in all Olvmpic events and really necessary? and (2) Would it do out for six months. Even Tom Lockhart, is considered a professional in all sports. damage to the values of amateurism in president of the amateur hockey asso- In most parts of Europe, amateurs our sports contests in the United States?

ciation of the United States, concedes are allowed to participate in all these I sav it is necessary because the ques- the gold medal in this sport to either outlets to capitalize on their skills and tion is no longer an internal question of

Russia. Czechoslovakia or Sweden. reputations. Thev can write, telecast and our sports w orld, but is part of the propa-

I don't feel the least bit sorrv for our radio broadcast about their sport for ganda war waged on the whole United predicament. We deluded ourselves for pav: thev can own a sports store, en- States by the Soviet Union. Our con- years. We went to sleep while the reds dorse athletic goods and commercialize tinued amateurism in the Olv mpics when were putting their athletic juggernaut in their talent to practically anv extent ex- competing against professionals bv our working oruer. We didn't realize that the cept actually receiving pav for perform- standards, from other nations, is preju- unsophisticated millions in the non- ing or teaching it. Thev can do all these dicial to the best interests of the entire aligned nations of Africa and Asia are things and still maintain their amateur United States. probably more influenced bv Olvmpic status and receive the approval of the results than by hundreds of shipments International Olvmpic Committee. As for damage to amateurism. I am of arms, food or Peace Corpsmen. In the communist sphere of nations, . suggesting that we do in the Olym- What bothers me more than anvthing outright government subsidies are pro- pics only what we have already done here is that intelligent people in this countrv vided from an athlete's cradle to his at home in golf w ith the National Open are being influenced by Russia's suc- retirement, at which time he will be ap- Golf Championship, and what our ten- cesses in international sports competi- pointed a '"Master of Sport" and become nis people are on the verge of doing. The tion. At least several times a week I'm what we commonly call a coach or National Open Golf Championship is a asked the question: "What's wrong with recreation director, with a complete gov- fine, clean contest, devoid of all hy- our boys?" and "Are the Russians real- ernment subsidy for life. pocrisy, and from what I have seen of it ly supermen?'' Let's drop the "amateur" restriction from the dav s of Bobbv Jones to the pres-

in the Olvmpics entirely. rule that ent, it not bad. for ama- My answer is simply that we are tak- The has been good, each countrv can make its own defini- teur golf. To put the Olvmpic standards ing part in unequal contests. . .that if tion of "amateur" basis would raise, not lower it were strictly amateur versus amateur, has already stripped on the same Uncle Sam would win in a walk. it of all meaning, and our "purity" is them. THE END Today Canada has recognized the problem and the need to emphasize train- ing among her upcoming athletes. Two years ago the Diefenbaker government allocated S3 million to subsidize profes- sional coaches of various international sports. This appropriation defrays sal-

aries and expenses and makes it possible to bring top coaches from all over the world to tour Canada in clinics and coaching sessions. An old friend, and former Hungarian Olympic bronze medal winner in Kayak, Kalman Blaho, just completed a two- month tour of Canada under this plan. An escapee from behind the Iron Cur- tain to Italy, where he now lives. Blaho expressed concern at America's naivete in permitting inequities to continue in Olympic competition. What should be done to make the Olympic Games an equal contest? A good start would be the moderni- zation of our Olvmpic competition ama- teur rules and regulations. According to current U.S. amateur regulations and rules, a teacher who instructs in Physi-

cal Training is considered a professional low the guns. Let it burn continually; the

current it uses costs pennies—cheap insur- ance to preserve a fine firearm's appearance ROD & GUN and accuracy. CLUB MINNOW BUCKETS ARE OKAY for transporting baitfish short distances, but on long trips the little fish soon use up all their oxygen and die. Since water absorbs oxygen Lost in the Woods through its surface, the solution would be to add this gas to the container of minnows. Dennis Carr of Morehead. Ky., has The use of a compass and a map will pre- He should also fire a signal shot every ten And vent a hunter or other person from getting minutes. The other hunters should search discovered how to do it. He puts minnows in a large plastic bag, fills the lost in wooded country, but even if he lacks in straight lines, using their compasses, and and water them there are other emergency direction- after every half-mile they should climb trees air space above them with pure oxygen, finders. to look for smoke signals. At intervals they then seals the bag with a knot. A small flask obtained cheaply at any Many of our forests are networked with should fire their rifles or shout loudly, then of oxygen can be logging roads which eventually lead out of listen for a reply. Most lost hunters are drugstore; its trade name is "Lif-O-Gen." the woods. If followed in the wrong direc- found safe and sound within 24 hours. Al- SHOTGUN WITHOUT A KICK? Mod tion, as shown by an increasingly overgrown most all fatalities that do occur are due to ern science has come up with one. It isn't appearance, all one has to do is turn around panic. You can live many days without entirely without kick but its recoil is re and head the other way. food; water is never very far away. Keep

duced a substantial 859? . from a 280- Streams are numerous and the adage sa\s calm, keep your fire going and wait. pound wallop to a 38-pound shove. The to follow water downstream. High-tension secret is a two-piece sliding stock with a lines cut easily-visible swaths through the FLY TYING is one way for an angler to car-type shock absorber called "Hydro- trees and eventually cross highways. If a spend cold winter evenings and Richard Coil"; one part of the stock telescopes into hunter follows one of these into the deep Brambilla of West Roxbury, Mass., offers the other against the resistance of the shock woods and doesn't stray far from it. he has absorber, thus lessening recoil. Winchester a sure route back to his starting point. is featuring it on its Model 12 slide-action When the sun is visible, a watch can dou- Trap and Skeet shotguns. You can add it to ble as a compass. With its hour hand pointed your present Model 12 for $80. Units for toward the sun. south lies midway between other guns are on the way. that hand and 12. Or a foot-long stick

be used. it vertically into can Hammer a CIGARETTE FILTERS have other uses bare patch of ground and mark the end of besides making you feel safer while smok- its shadow on the earth. Wait about a half- ing. They can serve as ear plugs when you're hour and mark the new position of the shad- on a target range. And here's another use ow's end. The first mark will be due east from William Reed of DuBois. Pa. With of the second. his design for a home-made fly-tying vise. their outside wrappers removed they can be Take a wooden clothespin, he says, and cut Before entering the woods, note land- used instead of wool for the bodies of hand- mark positions. Sometimes it be neces- off the top ends so they're square. Drill a may tied trout flies. They take dye readily. Ordi- r sary to hill or tree hole through the two blades and inse t a climb a to spot such land- nary tea will give them a brown stain which wing nut so tightening it will draw the marks. matches closely the natural color of many blades firmly together to hold the hook. When snow is on the ground, cut a V bottom nymphs. And they make excellent Fasten the clothespin upright to a block of into the heel of your hunting boot: it will "wooly worms." enable you to distinguish your tracks from wood by a screw through the bottom and you're in business. those of other hunters which, incidentally, A CHUM SLICK is a trick saltwater an- you could probably follow to safety. When glers use to attract fish to their boats. It's you're on horseback, your horse will lead A NEW SHOTGUN GAME rapidly be- simply ground-up fish or shrimp dropped you out of the woods if you give him his coming popular bears the intriguing name. overboard to form a trail of bait. Grinding head. Don't trust dogs, however; they're apt "Crazy Quail." All that's needed is a trap- to lead you anywhere. house sunken below ground level. The gun- Panic is the greatest danger to anyone ner stands 22 yards away and shoots at ten lost in the woods. Be calm. Try to remem- targets in succession. But the trap operator ber anything that will help you retrace your throws the clay birds in every direction, steps. If you can't determine which way to even directly over the shooter's head! Try go. don't race blindly through the woods. it and you'll see how it got its name; you'll Carry an emergency kit containing a sharp go crazy trying to hit them. knife, fish hooks and line, dry matches, sev- eral candy bars, and also any special medi- FIRE-STARTING HINTS are as numer- cine you might need. Prepare a fire in a ous as quills on a porcupine. Each month safe spot and use evergreen branches for a this column receives a half-dozen or more. the fish or shrimp is the problem. Most an-

smoke signal. Climb a tree at intervals and But here's a good one from James Tarara glers hand cut it with a knife. The job is a watch for an answering signal. If you run of Chicago. 111., who always carries a wood- cinch for Charles Hayen of Baltimore, Md.. out of matches, pull out the bullet from a en pencil and a small pencil sharpener. To who uses an old hand-crank meat grinder rifle cartridge (or shot and wads from a start his campfire he breaks the pencil point, clamped to the boat's gunwale. As he shotgun shell), replace with a piece of dry resharpens it, and uses the shavings for grinds, the chum drops over the side. With

cloth, load the cartridge or shell in your kindling. its handle and inside strainer removed, the gun and fire it, then retrieve the smoldering grinder also makes a convenient rod holder. cloth to start your fire. If you have plenty NO. 1 ENEMY of a hunter's firearms is

of ammunition, fire three quick shots as a rust. And it does the most damage when If you have a helpful idea for this fea- distress signal and repeat at hourly inter- he thinks his guns are safely stored away ture send it along. If we can use it we'll vals. during the off-season. A safe storage place pay you $5.00. However, we are unable When hunting in a group, should a com- is not necessarily a cellar, closet or even a to acknowledge contributions, return panion not appear by sundown don't start lined gun case, but a gun cabinet. To keep them or enter into correspondence con- your search till morning. Then one hunter the air inside the cabinet sufficiently warm cerning them. Address Outdoor Editor, should light a smoke fire and climb a tree to reduce its moisture content, install a low- The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth to look for the lost hunter's smoke signal. wattage light bulb on the cabinet's floor be- Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • D ECEMBER 1963 .

MONTANA'S EXPERIMENT WITH JUVENILE CRIME (Continued from page 17) prisonment in a penitentiary if the of- frequently members of one of Helena's ent-Record. The defendant was the son fender were an adult (burglary, auto civic clubs, who are invited by Loble of the clerk of Loble's court. theft, robbery, assault, and other serious "so the public will know what's going One of the hardest cases Loble has offenses). The judge then requires the on in its juvenile court." If the juvenile tried involved the 1 7-year-old son of a county attorney to produce any informa- has committed a felony and shows no prominent state official. The boy's fa- tion he has showing that a crime has been remorse, his future can be read in the ther and grandfather were life-long committed. If he is convinced a felony firm look on Loble's face. friends of the Judge. The youth was charge is warranted, the judge orders the "Young hoodlums don't get coddled," charged with burglary and auto theft. case tried in open juvenile court. he says, "and when they leave they go Loble committed him to the Reforma- The juvenile may hire an attorney. He with some respect for the law. Our tory at Miles City. "He came out a much can demand a jury trial. He can have reform school is a good place for them better boy and his father and grandfa- the judge disqualified by claiming he to think about their mistakes. While ther remained my friends," Loble says. cannot have a fair trial before him. No they're thinking, they learn bricklaying, In cases not felonies, such as habitual juvenile has yet asked that Loble be dis- baking, forestry, and other trades. I truancy, petty larceny, and minor prop- qualified. sometimes use probation, but I wouldn't erty damage, Loble's court is closed. "I

be doing my duty if I turned some of want it closed so we can lay our cards Except for Montana, all other states these violators loose on a society they on the table without a lot of formality," have closed or restricted juvenile haven't learned to respect." he says. "I may turn the offender loose courts. The press is usually barred, and The first case heard under Montana's under probation or other supervision, it is it sits as an observer when admitted open-court law involved two brothers, but I tell him if he comes back he'd only and agrees not to publish names of 15 and 13, who had stolen more than better bring his toothbrush, because he's details the offense. offenders and about $1,500 worth of electronic equipment. going. They all know I'll never disap- In Minnesota, for example, it is a misde- They told Loble they took it "because we point them." for law officer to release in- meanor any wanted it." Loble committed both to the juvenile offender with- formation about a Montana Children's Home at Twin Non-felony hearings are usually out permission of the juvenile court Bridges. held on Fridays, for a purpose. "If records are closed. judge. Court News Helena's daily newspaper, the Inde- the juvenile thinks it's all a big joke, I photographs are not allowed. In other pendent-Record, devoted 35 column- take his case under advisement and send states, only when a juvenile is referred until inches to detail: names, ages, parents' him to our detention unit Monday the juvenile court to a district court "deten- by identities, addresses and verbatim testi- morning," Loble says. Helena's for trial of a serious offense, such as mur- tion unit" is a bare room, except for mony, the first case under the law that is trial in court. While floor der, the held open Loble claimed would help rather than three wooden cots, on the second nearly all states admission to a juve- is television in hurt juvenile offenders. Today, he says, of the county jail. There no nile court hearing is left up to the presid- visitors permitted. The the youths are "doing very well, and or radio, nor are ing judge, in Montana the law specifical- juvenile is separated from adult prison- the older one is going to college." ly provides that in felony cases the press spend weekends in de- The courtroom doors swing only one ers. Those who and interested persons shall not be ex- tention tell Loble that Fridays aren't way for juveniles who use any form of cluded. In New York, California, Min- so bad, except the bars on the windows violence on residents in Loble's district. nesota, and nearly all other states, juve- seem to get bigger. Saturdays are worse. He tried in open court the case of two nile court laws provide that the press Others are going hunting or to the foot- youths, 17 and 16, who robbed a gas shall not be admitted. ball game. Sundays are bad. There is no station attendant of $295. They held a carries his experiment from home cooking. The only entertainment Loble on pistol at his head, slugged him with a courtroom on the sec- is the singing of Psalms by the Salvation his chambers and heavy money sack, and threatened to kill during its jail service. ond floor of the 75-year-old Lewis and him. The youths pleaded guilty. Army courthouse, a Norman- into court on Mon- Clark County Before sentencing them, Loble said, "When he comes Romanesque structure of Montana gray he's a different youngster "The shocking increase in crimes of day morning granite dark red sandstone that was Loble says. "I and violence such as yours requires punish- than he was on Friday," first capitol. has renovated he's a sneak preview and the state's He ment in keeping with your utter disregard tell him had show all the old courtroom. Uncomfortable for the law. The people of Helena are if he wants to see the whole is out break the wooden benches have been upholstered not going to be placed in fear of hood- he has to do go and in red leatherette by Montana Indian lums." He sentenced the 17-year-old to law again and I'll reserve him a seat craftsmen, walls have been painted a ten years in the Montana State Prison right up in front." traffic court Loble uses light green, and aqua drapes now hang at Deer Lodge. The 1 6-year-old was sent In his juvenile over old-style high windows. "A court- to the State Industrial School at Miles other means than fines to reform viola- room doesn't have to be a dreary place," City until he reaches the age of 21 tors. "Fines are ineffective, and the par- declares Judge Loble. No youth who commits a serious of- ents usually end up paying them any- One thing that hasn't been changed is fense in Helena, nor his parents, can way," he says. "When a juvenile is the judge's bench, an ornately hand- escape the floodlight of publicity. Loble tagged for his first moving violation, his carved mahogany desk covered on top recently heard the case of a youth, 16, parents get a nice letter from the Chief by an overhanging wooden canopy em- who vandalized a school, doing more of Police asking their cooperation. This bellished with the scrolls that were high than $160 damage. "I'm very sorry," he provokes some strong reactions. They youngster's driv- style among wood carvers in the last cen- told Loble in a whisper. The judge ad- start supervising their tury. "We've combined the old with the monished him and ordered him to make ing, because they know they will make again. new," Loble says, "and still kept the restitution to the school. He had already the headlines if he gets tagged character of our old courtroom." paid $40, all of his savings. The trial "On the second violation he goes to In serious cases tried by Loble, the was held before more than 25 spectators court. If found guilty I suspend his li- defendant faces the press, spectators, and and reported in detail in the Independ- cense and order him to take driver train- THE AMERIC, M LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 49 MONTANA'S JUVENILE CRIME Loble's program. They report they didn't and not on the side of those who are wrecking law enforcement and destroy- (Continued from page 49) have "a single case" serious enough to be referred to Loble's court in 1962. ing the nation's youth. I've made ing in a ten-week course which meets Loble feels it is a myth that publi- enemies, and many of them are judges. two hours a week and costs him $10. cation of names of juvenile offenders But the people here have shown they When he graduates I return his license. glamorizes the delinquent and makes approve of my programs." He was re- By that time, and after a news story in- him worse. "Anyone who enjoys seeing cently re-elected, carrying every pre- forming everybody he's a rotten driver, his name in print as a lawbreaker is a cinct in his district. he learns that being a good driver is potential criminal, and the sooner he's Robert Miller, Editor of the Helena smart." Graduates of the course, con- put away the better," he says. "Publicity Independent-Record, says, "Judge Loble ducted by the Helena High School, find is painful, but necessary. Most people has become very popular. The people insurance easier to get, and often receive have good youngsters they want to keep feel he is making progress. We cover a 10% reduction in rates. away from the hoodlums. How can they his court as a matter of routine." A traffic offender, 16, appeared before do it if they never know who the hood- Loble not only welcomes the press Loble with driving miles charged 70 an lums are? in his court, but the people of Helena hour in a 35-mile-an-hour zone. He was as well. An impartial Juvenile Court ordered to take driver training and his Committee, composed of a Catholic license was suspended. "If you drive a CZ> O CO CO priest, Episcopal minister, Lutheran car," Loble warned the embarrassed minister, rancher, doctor, lawyer, teach- youth in open court, "it will be contempt er, housewife and a county agent, often of court and I'll order you locked up in sits as a consulting body in his court. our detention unit." The youth's name, "They watch what I'm doing and we address, parents' identities, and other exchange valuable ideas," Loble says. details were reported in full. The Very Reverend Charles A. Wil- son, Dean of St. Peter's Pro-Cathedral, The son of a prominent county official Helena's Episcopal church, and a mem- was charged with speeding through ber of the Committee, says he "thor- 35 stop signs. The car had no steering oughly approves" of Loble's methods. wheel. The boy, 16, had removed it. He "I think Judge Loble is right in pub- used the shank for steering. Loble asked licizing names of juvenile offenders," he the youth if he had been drinking. "I says. "There has been too much cod- don't drink," he replied. When Loble dling." cited the danger of his act, the youth Loble feels by being "firm but fair" replied, "So what." He was adjudged he has saved many youngsters from lives delinquent and committed to the Re- of crime and possibly death from po- formatory at Miles City. "He's driving lice bullets if they had gone on to more a tractor there now," Loble says, "and serious crimes. "It gives me a good feel- getting good grades in school." IK* ing to know that by being tough I've Loble realizes many feel his methods saved some kid I might otherwise have "All right, Mac! Let's knock it off and get are harsh, but he replies, "I'm not trying pushed into a life of crime if I'd coddled down to haggling." to win a popularity contest with juvenile him and let him think he could get away THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE lawbreakers or their parents. I'm trying with breaking society's laws," Loble to restore some sanity to juvenile crime "Giving publicity to a delinquent says. prevention. using publicity By and pun- doesn't destroy him. In all cases I have ishment I've achieved sharp decreases country's shocking crime rate seen it has improved his behavior. Par- The in juvenile offenses. fair, firm Our and ents in my district are now concerned (the FBI reported crimes committed sensible approach is working." about publicity, and are being better in 1962 increased 7% over 1961 and that Dave Middlemas, sheriff of Lewis and parents." nearly half of them were committed by Clark County for the past 1 2 years, says Loble feels his open court law has those under 18) is no accident, Loble he and his deputies "have noticed a restored confidence in his juvenile court. feels. "Our crime problem is critical be- big drop in delinquency since ludge "People no longer say 'nothing ever cause our corrections and court systems Loble started using the open court pro- happens' because now they know differ- have become infiltrated by dreamers," cedure. We have also noticed big changes ently," he says. Other Montana juvenile he says. in the attitude of young people—all for court judges have not yet used the open "The FBI reports crime is costing $22 the better." court as a regular procedure, but they billion a year—or nearly half what we Lewis and Clark County Attorney are watching Loble's experiment closely. spend on national defense—yet we let Thomas J. Hanrahan says, "Since the "Offenders who have had publicity these progressive dreamers push crime publicity-for-juveniles law was adopted, and been sent away are much more rates higher by coddling juveniles into the number of juveniles involved in seri- aware of their responsibilities to society," becoming tomorrow's criminals. Apathy ous offenses has been drastically reduced. Loble says. "They are also more likely is what these dreamers want. Then their I used to be in court several times a week to benefit from the rehabilitation pro- budgets can get even bigger. on serious juvenile cases, and now some- grams offered them while confined and "These theorists play an old broken times weeks go by without a case serious when released. Our institutions are no record. Its theme is that juvenile of- enough to involve my office. There has better than those in most states. None fenders are sick, have no free will, are been a renewed confidence by the peo- are pleasant to be confined in and none made worse by punishment, are grave- ple in their law enforcement officers and will provide miracles of rehabilitation. ly damaged by publicity, and can't the courts." But just being confined gives an offender choose between right and wrong unless a Officials of Broadwater County, the time to have some long thoughts. Some- psychiatrist guides them through life. second county in Loble's district, and the times that's what he needs—time to think "They believe every young punk who law enforcement officers in Townsend, about his future. robs a gas station, or snatches an old the county seat, are equally happy with "I know public opinion is on my side, woman's purse, or assaults an innocent

50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • [ DEMBER 1963 —

girl is a mental case who can only be Fund to help pay college expenses for chambers, which are furnished with his reclaimed through 'treatment.' They a former Boy's Ranch youth. "He has Old West paintings, a green rug, a red want to tear down all our prisons and no other means of getting help," he says. telephone, a giant silver cuspidor, which build hospitals. "We are also getting a place ready for he says "gives the place an informal "They use a little trick to make their all the power tools that came to us touch," and an elbow-high desk at which argument that punishment is worthless through the judge." The tools, valued at he likes to stand when reading legal sound convincing. They point to bar- $10,000, were left to the Ranch in the briefs. baric punishments of earlier times, will of a Montana man who heard Loble In addition to the regular work on his when pickpockets in 18th century Eng- discussing delinquency on radio. court calendar, he is busy as Chairman land were hanged in public, and spec- The judge's day begins at 6 a.m. in of the Juvenile Judges' Committee of tators had their pockets picked. They the ranch-style home where he lives with the Montana Judges' Association, and recall the days when thieves had their his wife, Sylvia, a petite, attractive as Chairman of the Committee on the hands cut off, and quickly turned to woman. His first task is to feed the neigh- Relationship Between the Courts and other crimes. After citing these examples borhood dogs and put something out for Schools of the National Council of Juve- in times when starvation and despera- the birds that come down from the nile Court Judges. Then too, mail must tion were everyday facts of life, they mountains on cold winter mornings. be answered from his fraternal brothers denounce all punishment." Then he lights a cigar, sits down in a in the Eagles. As Past Grand Worthy large swivel chair in front of a picture President of the F.O.E. ("It was the Loble's interest in juvenile offend- window and watches the sun cast its only time I gave speeches for a year ers doesn't end when they go out first rays along the ridge of the Rocky without stopping," he says), the judge the door on their way to the reformatory. Mountains in the distance. exchanges letters with brothers all over

'I visit them when I can," he says. A relaxed, affable, gregarious ex- the country. "Sometimes we play baseball or hand- trovert, the judge spends as much time In the evening he likes to play golf ball, or sit around and talk." as he can with what he proudly calls in the summer, or have dinner with his Word has traveled that Loble will "the family." Nearly every day, before wife at Helena's private Montana Club, help youngsters in trouble. "One night court, he stops at three places for "sec- where he also enjoys sneaking in a game ond coffee." The first stop is at the of gin rummy with lifelong friends. 1 heard a knock on the back door," he home of his son, Henry, 46, now head of the When he talks about the most impor- recalls. "When I opened it I found two law firm Loble Picotte, tant things in his life the "family," little girls, one ten and the other nine. Helena of and words Their faces were dirty and they were and the father of the judge's two grand- "home," and "Helena" are mentioned sons, II, often. wearing rags. It was ten below zero out- Lester H. Loble a law student at the University of Montana, Bruce, side. I could see both had been crying. and 16-year-old Helena Loble's successes in reducing The older girl was holding her sister's a High School sen- While ior. The next stop is at the home of his juvenile crime have made him a hand. She asked me if I was the judge in his 'who finds homes for kids.' Then she daughter, Clarice, 49. After coffee there hero Helena, methods have made in Clarice's as unpopular as a sharphorned told me about conditions at home he drops on daughter, and him mav- his granddaughter, Christen- erick steer with those be- hunger, drunkenness, filth and misery. Mrs. Lew Montana who They went to a good foster home that sen, who lives across the street from the lieve juvenile offenders are emotionally night." Courthouse and only three blocks from maladjusted and must be treated rather the red brick home where the judge than punished. One juvenile court judge Hundreds of honor roll students, con- was born. One of the main attractions who met Loble to exchange views on de- test winners and other youths who have there is the judge's great granddaugh- linquency prevention over lunch "didn't achieved something out of the ordinary ter, Kim, age one. stay for dessert," Loble recalls. Another have received letters from Loble con- The judge's work day begins in his judge in a nearby state has called his gratulating them on their accomplish- ments. "When a boy or girl achieves something, I think we all ought to let them know how proud the rest of us are," he says. The judge, an orator of the old school, has long been in demand in Montana and other states as a guest speaker. He asks no fees, but says any contribution to the Judge Lester H. Loble Trust Fund will be appreciated by inmates, many committed by him, of a dozen public and private Montana institutions. Joseph M. Balkovatz, Superintendent of the Montana Children's Center at Twin Bridges, says the Fund was used last year to meet Loble's request "that some of the money be used to put some- thing in the pockets of children who never had a penny from any source. When 176 children attended the annual American Legion carnival, they each had 35<£ spending money in their pockets." Franklin Robbie, Executive Director of the Yellowstone Boy's Ranch at Bill- ings, says he is using money from the MONTANA'S JUVENILE CRIME the slightest reduction in youth crime." and he contributed much toward plan- (Continued from page 51) While Loble might be an unwelcome ning the federal social security act. The guest in many states, on the quiet streets people in Helena are highly pleased with reduction figures "meaningless because of Helena he walks a lot taller than his his record as judge. The serious nation- his district is so small." 5 feet 7 inches. The residents of this wide problem of juvenile violent crime Loble has very few critics in Montana, west-central Montana community, whose is of concern to all of us. His record in but quite a few elsewhere. For instance, main street was once a rocky patch of reducing juvenile crime speaks for it- in my home state of Minnesota, where he ground called Last Chance Gulch when self." recently outlined his programs in a gold was discovered there in 1 864, still The President's Committee on Juve- speech before the Minnesota Sheriffs As- retain a fondness for the pioneer spirit. nile Delinquency and Youth Crime, to sociation, he has found strong opposition. The judge carries no six-guns, but they which Loble was reappointed in October think he's a frontiersman just the same. 1962, for a second term as a Special Ad- Vincent Hollaren, Chairman Judge Harry C. Harlen, Chief Probation viser, considers publicity and open courts of the Public Relations Committee Officer for Lewis and Clark County, for the serious juvenile offender "a con- of the Minnesota Juvenile Court Judges says, "There has been a steady decline troversial subject," and a matter for each Association, says Loble is "the lead community to decide. But the Commit- prophet" of a new group "who would tee has no doubts about the seriousness stop delinquency by punishment and of the youth crime problem. David L. shame and bring about a revolution in all Hackett, Executive Director of the Com- juvenile courts." Hollaren says publica- mittee, says, "the delinquency picture is tion of youthful offenses can, years later extremely grim" and that "delinquency in the torm of newspaper clippings, be rates have been steadily rising over the used to ruin the reputation ot good citi- past ten years, and our nation as a zens who have since reformed. He says whole is not coping successfully with such clippings of former offenders in his this problem." court in Worthington, Minn., would ruin Established by Executive Order on a present missionary in South America, a May IT, 1961, to plan a unified attack general manager ot a large Indiana cor- on youth crime and related problems, the poration and an Air Force major. Committee has found no single answer "After all the facts are in and all the to the delinquency problem, but it has truths are told, it is the feeling of the reached one conclusion as a result of its judges of the juvenile courts that par- studies: "More money alone is not the ents will subscribe to the Christian form answer." of treatment of a youth with a problem, demanding, as their right, firmness and support its conclusion that more a strong program, but always with the To federal funds, urged by many in the aim of giving each youth a reasonable delinquency control field, is not the an- chance in his God-given right to the swer, the Committee cited in its first an- pursuit of happiness," he says. nual report to President Kennedy last Will C. Turnbladh, Minnesota Com- "Now that this is our house, we'll have year a study made of New York City's missioner of Corrections, recently con- you folks over for a friendly game some expenditures to fight a rising tide of de- tested Loble's claims that he had re- night." THE AMERIC \N LEGION M AG AZINE linquency: "New York City's grand total duced juvenile court cases. He ob- for fighting juvenile delinquency now tained a copy of the Helena Police De- in serious juvenile crime in Helena. comes close to $90 million. Seven years partment's annual report, which shows We've seen a big change in the attitude ago it had been about $23 Vi million. In there were 282 juvenile arrests in 1962, of juvenile offenders whose names might spite of this overwhelming dollar in- compared with 235 in 1961, and claimed be publicized, and in the attitude of their crease, the number of delinquency cases in a press release that delinquency in parents. The delinquency rate has never disposed by the Children's Court rose Loble's district was going up, not down. been lower." 163.3% between the years 1950 and Loble replies, "I expect the Police J. A. Maierle, President of the Helena 1959." in Helena will continue to handle the Chamber of Commerce, states that when Today, as many communities rush to intrusions flower on beds, broken tail Judge Loble first took office, "Helena find answers to their own worsening lights, curfew violations, fist fights, bi- was having a serious problem with juve- youth crime problems, Loble continues cycle thefts, and the other minor offenses nile offenders. Today there is a marked using publicity, punishment and rehabili- they regularly include in their annual juveniles difference. The have no doubt tation to keep the lid down on delin- report, without the offenders is people are sending to who calling the tune. The quency in his district. "Some people me. I 99%." am not so concerned about these behind the judge at least think my ideas are old-fashioned," he trivial matters. What I concerned R. Anderson, Superintendent of am C. says, "but I think they are just common about is the number of juvenile cases Schools in Helena, says, "Publicity for sense." on my court calendar each year—the serious offenders certainly has a good THE END cases so serious they must be sent to effect in most cases. The general feeling me. These best reflect a community's among most of these youngsters in the juvenile crime rate, and these are the past has been that nothing could be done CHANGE OF ADDRESS cases I am reducing." to them." Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box critics To who bitterly oppose his Another comment on the judge and 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206, using methods, Loble remains indifferent. "My his programs comes from U.S. Sen. Lee Post Office Form 3578. Attach old ad- record speaks for itself," he says. "Theirs Metcalf, who says Loble "has always dress label and give old and new ad- shows failure after failure. Those who been a crusader with his feet on the dresses and current membership card condemn my methods are long on criti- ground. He introduced the first old-age number. Also be sure to notify your cism, but short on producing evidence pension bill ever passed in the United Post Adjutant. that their own theories have resulted in States in the Montana legislature in 1923

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 55 JUNGLE JINGLE We signed upon the dotted line (A lion-hunting dicker) PARTING And then a thirsty, leonine Old toper stole our liquor.

But Leo passed out from the stuff That he had got so high on; SHOTS We shot him then and— fair enough- Dined on the sotted lion. Annf. C. Hoi.t FOLLOW THE LEADER More boys would follow in their father's footsteps if the old man didn't cover his trail in so many places. David O. Flynn $ $ $

You can't take it with you when you go

There is no doubt about it, Rut that's about the only place

T hat you can go without it. Kathryn Gei.anoi k AGE FACTOR The only woman who wishes she was a year older is the one expecting a baby. Anna Hfrhfri BASIS He thought he most judiciously Weighed all the data, pro and con. "It belonged to my mother." But he hand-picked the facts he chose To bias his opinion on. Gail Brook Rurkfi RUBBER RULER Give a fisherman an inch and he will COSTLY FLIP scale it upward. couple of businessmen, dining in a very expensive restaurant, were A Shannon Fifi having a heated argument. Finally, to settle the matter, they agreed to toss a coin. Each searched his pockets and all they found were credit THAT'S FOR SHOA cards and no change. One of them said to their waiter: On the Ark Noah loaded a Boa, "Could you lend us a coin to settle an argument?" A Moa, Anoa, and Goa; The coin was tossed, and the matter forgotten. Much later, as they Now, the others stay on, were preparing to leave, they called for their check. The first item gave But the Moa is gone them a jolt, Along with the Ark and with Noah. "Loan of quarter .... 1~>(\" It's a bird that's all through, It's extinct, it's napoo, Dan Benne i i Soa Moa's no Moa no moa. Jeff Mattiifws FEMALE COMPROMISE WATCH HER LEFT, BOY Lennie's exuberant better-half opened the morning mail with de- Probably a lot more husbands would light and could hardly wait for him to get home. punch the bag for exercise if they thought "We got a $17 refund from the telephone company for that error she wouldn't hit back. two months ago," she informed him. "Just think, now I can buy that Al Sponc chic new summer dress I've been wanting." "But, dear," Lennie enthused, "don't you think husbands and wives should split these little windfalls that come along so rarely?" "Of course, dear," she agreed. "We'll go 50-50. I'll keep this one and you keep the next one." Jim Henry

SPACE AGE CONFINEMENT A young scientist, working at Cape Canaveral, was asked if he was the father of any children. "Not yet," he replied, "but we've started the countdown." K. H. R. Simkin

THE SECRET OF IT ALL "You and your wife certainly get on well," a friend remarked to a man whose marriage was very happy. "Don't you ever have any differences of opinion?" "Oh, yes," was the reply. "Very often." "H'm," said the friend, "you must get over them quickly." "Ah, that's the secret," returned the husband. "I never tell her them." about "I think he wants you to turn up the A. T. Quigg thermostat!" 56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • DECEMBER 1963 Uniform Shirts Pre-shrunk broadcloth. Neck half-sizes 14 to 18; Sleeves 32 to 35. (Also available in sport style short sleeve.) Attractive WHITE No. 70302 R50 BLUE No. 70156 4.95 Ties All wool, button down. Blue (No. 70291) or Gold (No. 70292) $1.25 Uniforms Year-around weight, crease ITEMS and stain resistant, blended gabardine with Vz" gold stripe. Must be dry-cleaned. for Trousers. Unfinished bottoms. Waist 29-46. Give height and waist. No. 70102 $11.95 American Legion Jacket. Eisenhower style with elastic inserts for extended waist. Chest sizes 36-44. Give height, chest and waist meas- Christmas Gifts! urements. No. 70201. $18.95

See the 2 963 Emblem Catalog for Caps and Extra Size Jackets and Trousers.

Membership Buttons Zelan Jacket Midget Size Button Washable weatherproof pop- No. 83711, 10K $2.64 lin with two-button collar. No. 83713, 14K $3.63 Sizes sm., med., Ig. or ex-lg. Regulation Size Button in Navy Blue (No. 70262) or No. 83717, 10K $3.63 Oyster (No. 70230) $5.95 No. 83719. 14K $5.28 See 1963 catalog tor diamond prices.

Ring SterlingSilver with gold plated emblem. Sizes 713 (other sizes add $1.50) No. 73880. $2.75 Mens Jewelry ^\ Gold plated, white enamel, with emblem die struck into Diplomat Billfold m^gf metal. ^fl^ Shorty Tie Bar. No. 74600 $1.43 by Amity. Smooth cowhide Tie Chain, No. 74601 1.43 with removable pass case. m Tie Tack, No. 74602 1.10 Black (No. 74456) or Brown \W ^» Cuff Links, No. 74603 2.20 (No. 74457) $4.29

/•""••N ^^J* Cuff Link Tie Bar Set i * » • s^>Wm Mother of pearl set in heavy Key Kaddy 80ld Plate No. 74612. .$6.05

by Amity. Smooth cowhide ' with % zipper. Black (No. "T" Ball Jotter Hickory Tan (No. 74442) , Parker's long writing skip- 74443) or Brown (No. 74444). proof ball point pen. Black. $3.19 No. 74265 $1.98

ON ALL ORDERS UNDER $3.00, ADD 25c FOR POSTAGE AND HANDLING PRICES INCLUDE FEDERAL EXCISE TAX WHERE APPLICABLE Vu-Lighter Lifetime guarantee by Scripto. THE AMERICAN LEGION, NATIONAL EMBLEM SALES Visual fuel supply. No. 74902. $3.95 P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Indiana, 46206

Enclosed is $_ _. Please rush the following

Gavel Plaque Desired by every Past Officer. Walnut 6" x 9" with half-round gavel. Golden engraving plate (engraving at 10?! per charac- ter). No. 73241 $7.50 Send free Emblem catalog. Membership Card No. every inch a

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