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(Coleoptera: Adephaga) En Cuba Revista De La Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Vol Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina ISSN: 0373-5680 [email protected] Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Argentina MEGNA, Yoandri S.; DELER, Albert Composición taxonómica, distribución y bionomía de la familia Noteridae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) en Cuba Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 65, núm. 1-2, -, 2006, pp. 69-80 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=322028480008 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto ISSN 0373-5680 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 65 (1-2): 69-80, 2006 69 Composición taxonómica, distribución y bionomía de la familia Noteridae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) en Cuba MEGNA, Yoandri S. y Albert DELER Departamento de Biología, Universidad de Oriente. Patricio Lumumba s/n, Santiago, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. CP: 90500email: [email protected]; [email protected] Taxonomic composition, distribution and bionomics of the family Noteridae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) in Cuba. ABSTRACT. The present work deals with the taxonomic composition, distribution, and bionomics of noterids from Cuba. Our research is based both on local and regional references on this family found in the literature, and on the identification of specimens collected from several localities of the country. We present a taxonomical list and a key to identify the species occurring in Cuba, along with their distribution regarding phytogeographic districts, and bionomical information. In Cuba, the family Noteridae is composed of five genera (Hydrocanthus Say, Mesonoterus Sharp, Suphis Aubé, Suphisellus Crotch, and Notomicrus Sharp) and 10 species, of which Suphisellus tenuicornis (Chevrolat) is endemic, and Hydrocanthus advena Sharp needs confirmation. According to the present study, noterids are recorded from 11 (28,2%) of an overall of 39 phytogeographic districts established. The Planicie Centro-Occidental district (Nº 15) shows the highest richness, with 8 species recorded so far. The most widely distributed species is Notomicrus sharpi J. Balfour-Browne, which has been reported for 6 (15,4%) districts. Bionomical data show that noterids have preferences for freshwater habitats, mostly permanent and lentic ones, located in lowlands with a high exposure to sun, turbid waters, and abundant aquatic vegetation. KEY WORDS. Noteridae. Aquatic beetles. Bionomics. Cuba. RESUMEN. La presente investigación analiza la composición taxonómica, distribución y bionomía de los notéridos registrados en Cuba, y se brinda una clave para su identificación. El estudio se realizó sobre la base de datos bibliográficos a nivel regional y nacional, así como del material colectado en diferentes localidades del país. Este trabajo permitió definir la lista de especies, su distribución por distritos fitogeográficos y los aspectos más generales de su bionomía. Se determinó que la familia Noteridae está compuesta por cinco géneros (Hydrocanthus Say, Mesonoterus Sharp, Suphis Aubé, Suphisellus Crotch y Notomicrus Sharp) y 10 especies, de las cuales Suphisellus tenuicornis (Chevrolat) es endémica, e Hydrocanthus advena Sharp no está confirmada. Las especies registradas están distribuidas en 11 (28,2%) de los 39 distritos fitogeográficos establecidos. El distrito de mayor riqueza de especies es el Nº 15 (Planicie Centro-Occidental), con ocho especies. La especie más ampliamente distribuida es Notomicrus sharpi J. Balfour-Browne, reportada para seis (15,4%) distritos. Los datos bionómicos muestran que los notéridos tienen preferencia por los hábitats lénticos y permanentes, de aguas dulces y turbias, ubicados en zonas bajas y soleadas con abundante vegetación acuática. PALABRAS CLAVE. Noteridae. Coleópteros acuáticos. Bionomía. Cuba. 70 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 65 (1-2), 2006 INTRODUCCIÓN tipo de suelo (Whiteman & Sites, 2003). Esto se debe a que la mayoría de estos El conocimiento de los coleópteros coleópteros, se encuentran en ambientes acuáticos de América Central y el Caribe es acuáticos (huevos, larvas y adultos) y muy pobre, lo cual obliga al uso de las terrestres (pupa y adultos); aspectos de su publicaciones disponibles de América del ciclo de vida que determinan la potencialidad Norte, para la identificación de los taxa de las especies para vivir en un hábitat comunes para ambas regiones. Por tal específico (Whiteman & Sites, 2003). El tipo motivo, los investigadores que desean de historia de vida, ha hecho que se considere conducir estudios ecológicos se encuentran a los notéridos junto a los torridincólidos las forzados a volver al trabajo taxonómico únicas familias verdaderamente acuáticas, (Spangler, 1982). Consecuentemente, no debido a la morfología altamente sorprende la escasez de estudios ecológicos evolucionada de los adultos y las larvas, y su en el área. capacidad de empupar en el agua (Spangler, La Familia Noteridae constituye un grupo 1982). de coleópteros acuáticos de distribución En Cuba, el conocimiento sobre los mundial, los cuales originalmente estaban notéridos es muy limitado, y se basa en gran incluidos en la familia Dytiscidae, hasta que parte en obras antiguas (Chevrolat, 1863; Crowson (1955), considerando los caracteres Gundlach, 1891; Young, 1979, 1985; morfológicos de adultos y larvas, concluyera Spangler, 1973, 1981). También, existen que los notéridos forman una familia válida. muchas regiones fitogeográficas que no han Según Nilsson & Vondel (2005) la familia sido estudiadas, y que tienen características Noteridae presenta 245 especies reconocidas propias de ese tipo de accidente geográfico, (además de cinco no descritas), distribuidas lo que determina la existencia de relaciones en 13 géneros reportados para la fauna ecológicas únicas, donde se pueden mundial: Neohydrocoptus (28 sp), encontrar especies típicas de ese ecosistema. Canthydrus (62 sp), Hydrocanthus (51 sp), Las limitaciones en el estudio de la familia Mesonoterus (4 sp), Noterus (7 sp), Renotus Noteridae están dadas en la dificultad para (1 sp), Siolius (3 sp), Suphis (11 sp), la identificación previa de los individuos, Suphisellus (51 sp), Synchortus (9 sp), debido a la gran similitud existente entre Pronoterus (3 sp), Notomicrus (9 sp) y muchas especies. Phreatodytes (6 sp). En las últimas dos El presente estudio tiene como objetivos décadas, esta familia ha sido objeto de ofrecer un listado taxonómico actualizado de diferentes estudios desde el punto de vista las especies cubanas de la familia Noteridae, evolutivo, que han contribuido a realizar confeccionar una clave dicotómica para la varios arreglos taxonómicos (Beutel & identificación de las especies, analizar la Roughley, 1987; Beutel, 1995; Beutel & Haas, distribución por distritos fitogeográficos y 1996). La familia Noteridae está representada definir los principales factores bióticos y en Cuba por cinco géneros y 10 especies, de abióticos que determinan la selección del las cuales una es endémica (Peck, 2001, hábitat. 2005; Nilsson, 2003; Nilsson & Vondel, 2005). Muchos factores, abióticos y bióticos, MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS relacionados con las características del paisaje de un área particular afectan la La nomenclatura seguida fue la propuesta distribución de los coleópteros acuáticos, y por Nilsson & Vondel (2005), los aspectos son considerados como las variables más relacionados con la distribución por distritos importantes en la biogeografía de los fitogeográficos se realizó según López et al. miembros acuáticos del suborden Adephaga (1992) (Fig.1) y los datos de las localidades, (Young, 1954). Por esto, frecuentemente su fueron obtenidos mediante la revisión de los distribución ha sido correlacionada con la estudios publicados sobre la fauna regional estructura de la vegetación, la fisiografía y el (Spangler & Folkerts, 1973; Young, 1978, MEGNA Y. y A. DELER. Noteridae de Cuba 71 Fig. 1: Distritos fitogeográficos de Cuba según López et al., 1992. 1- Guanahacabibes, 2- Guanes, 3- Pinar del Río, 4-Pizarras, 5- Mogotes, 6- Sierra del Rosario, 7- Cajalbana, 8- Bahía Honda-Cabañas, 9- Anafe, 10- Sur de Pinos, 11- Los Indios-Siguanea, 12- Centro de Pinos, 13- Habanas-Matanzas, 14- Habana-Limonar, 15- Planicie Centro-Occidental, 16- Motembo, 17-Zapata, 18- Cayería Meridional, 19- Guamuaya, 20- Cienfuegos-Trinidad, 21-Santa Clara, 22- Camagüey, 23- Holguín, 24- Planicie Centro-Oriental, 25- Costa Centro Oriental, 26- Cabo Cruz-Baconao, 27- Promontorios de Sierra Maestra, 28- Cordilleras del Turquino, 29- Gran Piedra, 30- Valle Central, 31-Sierra de Nipe , 32- Sierra Cristal, 33- Moa-Baracoa, 34- Bahía de Nipe, 35- Baracoa, 36- Maisí-Guantánamo, 37- Sierra de Imías, 38- Colinas de Oriente, 39-Santa Catalina. 1979a, 1985; Nilsson, 2003 y Nilsson & determinaron dos tipos de ambientes lóticos: Vondel, 2005) y de Cuba (Chevrolat, 1863; pozones y rabiones. Como hábitats lénticos Gundlach, 1891; Spangler, 1973, 1981; se estimó aquellos ambientes, donde no hay Spangler, 1973, 1981; Peck, 2005; Naranjo evidencia de flujo de agua en el pasado o en et al., 2003). el presente. Estos fueron clasificados, según Los datos sobre la bionomía de las el tiempo de permanencia del agua, en: especies fueron tomados de los reportes permanentes, aquellos que tienen presencia históricos publicados en los trabajos de agua durante todo el año; y temporales, realizados en Cuba, aunque en su mayoría,
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