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State of Nature in the Peak District What We Know About the Key Habitats and Species of the Peak District
Nature Peak District State of Nature in the Peak District What we know about the key habitats and species of the Peak District Penny Anderson 2016 On behalf of the Local Nature Partnership Contents 1.1 The background .............................................................................................................................. 4 1.2 The need for a State of Nature Report in the Peak District ............................................................ 6 1.3 Data used ........................................................................................................................................ 6 1.4 The knowledge gaps ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Background to nature in the Peak District....................................................................................... 8 1.6 Habitats in the Peak District .......................................................................................................... 12 1.7 Outline of the report ...................................................................................................................... 12 2 Moorlands .............................................................................................................................................. 14 2.1 Key points ..................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2 Nature and value .......................................................................................................................... -
Latvijas Universitātes Zinātniskie Raksti Acta Universitatis Latviensis
ISSN 1407-2157 Latvijas Universitātes Zinātniskie Raksti Acta Universitatis Latviensis 613 LATVIJAS PURVU VEĢETĀCIJAS KLASIFIKĀCIJA UN DINAMIKA Latvijas Universitāte Latvijas purvu veģetācijas klasifikācija un dinamika Zinātniskie raksti 613. sējums Rīga 1998 -) / Latvijas punu veģetācijas klasifikācija un dinamika: Zinātniskie raksti/Redkolēģija: V.Kreile, M.Laiviņš, A.Namatēva. Rīga: LU, 1998. 92 Ipp. Rakstu krājumā apkopoti pēdējo gadu Latvijas purvu un ezeru krastu veģetācijas pētījumu rezultāti. Analizēti Teicu purva veidošanās apstākļi pēc putekšņu diagrammām. Publicētas purvu augu sabiedrību sintaksonomijas shēmas un sinoptiskās tabulas. Pētījumu rezultātus var izmantot bioloģijas un ģeogrāfijas studenti un citi interesenti. Redakcijas kolēģija: Vija Kreile, Māris Laiviņš, Anita Namatēva © Teicu valsts rezervāts, 1998 PRIEKŠVĀRDS 1997.gada 20.-21.oktobri Teicu rezervātā notika seminārs "Purvu veģetācijas klasifikācija, kartēšana un aizsardzība Latvijā", kurā piedalījās Latvijas Universitātes Bioloģijas un Ģeogrāfijas un Zemes zinātņu fakultāšu, Valsts Ģeoloģijas dienesta, Latvijas Valsts Mežzinātnes institūta "Silava" un Teicu valsts rezervāta speciālisti. Latvijas lielākajā purvu masīvā Teicos notika ekspedīcijas semināra dalībnieku iepazīstināšanai ar sūnu purvu ciņu un lāmu, pārejas un zāļu purvu, ezeru aizaugšanas joslu un palienes pļavu veģetāciju 2 maršrutos: Stiebriņi Kurtavas ezers Šūmāna ezers un Silagals Tolkajas ezers Siksala Islienas ezers. Seminārā tika nolasīti 8 ziņojumi par purvu veģetācijas un floras pētījumiem dažādos Latvijas reģionos, demonstrētas kartes un sintaksonomijas shēmas. Šajā rakstu krājumā publicēti semināra materiāli. Semināra norisi un rakstu krājuma sagatavošanu atbalstīja LR Vides aizsardzības fonds un Teicu valsts rezervāts. SATURS M.Laiviņš. Latvijas ziedaugu un paparžaugu sabiedrību augstākie sintaksoni 7 M.Pakalne. Latvijas purvu veģetācijas raksturojums 23 A. Lācis, L.Kalniņa. Purvu uzbūve un attīstība Teicu valsts rezervātā 39 B.Bambe. Purvu veģetācijas dinamika Teicu rezervātā 56 S.Jermacāne. -
Managing Molinia? Proceedings of a 3-Day Conference 14-16 September 2015 in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, UK
Managing Molinia? Proceedings of a 3-day conference 14-16 September 2015 in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, UK. Edited by Roger Meade National Trust Molinia Conference organising committee at Marsden Moor Estate office. L-R: Alan Stopher, Craig Best, Roger Meade, Nick Pollett and Andrew Underdown. With assistance from Rob Henry, Alyssa Young and Frances DeGiorgio (not in picture). Cover image © Alan Stopher View towards Pule Hill north-eastwards from the route of the old turnpike. Redbrook reservoir is in the middle distance. This is one of the original canal reservoirs which is maintained by Canal & River Trust with the water supplying Yorkshire Water’s customers. A sailing club also uses the amenity. Molinia tussocks dominate the foreground. 2 ‘Managing Molinia’ Conference, 14-16 September 2015, Huddersfield, UK; National Trust, ed. R Meade To cut, or not to cut. A very straightforward question, but so much Foreword more succinct than the answer. This is the dilemma often faced by managers of land for nature conservation where the easiest solution is to just follow what others are doing. As a former habitat specialist for a statutory nature conservation body, I am familiar with the pressures to provide clear guidance and one I remember well is the popular belief that any trees on lowland raised bogs should be cut down and prevented from regrowth. While there is a case for adopting this principle in many situations there are those in which it is not necessary, and is even undesirable from other perspectives such as the trees’ contribution to the landscape. It means that the conservation land manager must not only be aware of the bare bones of the received wisdom, but also of the caveats that make it possible for him or her to arrive at a reasoned judgement for their specific situation. -
Habitat Indicator Species
1 Handout 6 – Habitat Indicator Species Habitat Indicator Species The species lists below are laid out by habitats and help you to find out which habitats you are surveying – you will see that some species occur in several different habitats. Key: * Plants that are especially good indicators of that specific habitat Plants found in Norfolk’s woodland Common Name Scientific Name Alder Buckthorn Frangula alnus Aspen Populus tremula Barren Strawberry Potentilla sterilis Bird Cherry Prunus padus Black Bryony Tamus communis Bush Vetch Vicia sepium Climbing Corydalis Ceratocapnos claviculata Common Cow-wheat Melampyrum pratense Early dog violet Viola reichenbachiana Early Purple Orchid Orchis mascula * English bluebell Hyacinthoides non-scripta* * Field Maple Acer campestre* Giant Fescue Festuca gigantea * Goldilocks buttercup Ranunculus auricomus* Great Wood-rush Luzula sylvatica Greater Burnet-saxifrage Pimpinella major Greater Butterfly-orchid Platanthera chlorantha Guelder Rose Viburnum opulus Hairy Wood-rush Luzula pilosa Hairy-brome Bromopsis ramosa Hard Fern Blechnum spicant Hard Shield-fern Polystichum aculeatum * Hart's-tongue Phyllitis scolopendrium* Holly Ilex aquifolium * Hornbeam Carpinus betulus* * Midland Hawthorn Crataegus laevigata* Moschatel Adoxa moschatellina Narrow Buckler-fern Dryopteris carthusiana Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage Chrysosplenium oppositifolium * Pendulous Sedge Carex Pendula* Pignut Conopodium majus Polypody (all species) Polypodium vulgare (sensulato) * Primrose Primula vulgaris* 2 Handout 6 – Habitat -
In Western Australia Nuytsia 16(2)
WESTERN AUSTRALIA’S JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY ISSN 0085-4417 G Williams, A.R. Puccinellia (Poaceae) in Western Australia Nuytsia 16(2): 435–467 (2007) All enquiries and manuscripts should be directed to: The Editor – NUYTSIA Western Australian Herbarium Telephone: +61 8 9334 0500 Dept of Environment and Conservation Facsimile: +61 8 9334 0515 Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Email: [email protected] Western Australia 6983 Web: science.dec.wa.gov.au/nuytsia/ AUSTRALIA All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. © Copyright Department of Environment and Conservation . A.R.Nuytsia Williams, 16(2):435–467 Puccinellia (2007) (Poaceae) in Western Australia 435 Puccinellia (Poaceae) in Western Australia Alexander R. Williams c/o Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Environment and Conservation, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Western Australia 6983 Abstract Williams, A.R. Puccinellia (Poaceae) in Western Australia. Nuytsia 16(2): 435–467 (2007). Two new native species, Puccinellia longior and P. vassica, have been identifi ed from Western Australia. P. longior is restricted to the outer edges of salt lakes and salt-affected pasture land along the lower western margin of the southwest wheatbelt region in WA, and has also been collected from a saline wetland reserve in southeast South Australia. P. vassica is endemic to the outer edges of marine saltmarsh in reserved areas of the Leschenault Inlet near Bunbury. It was previously known from the nearby Vasse-Wonnerup saltmarsh near Busselton but is now extinct there because engineering works have reduced the marine infl uence in the estuary. -
The Vascular Flora of Rarău Massif (Eastern Carpathians, Romania). Note Ii
Memoirs of the Scientific Sections of the Romanian Academy Tome XXXVI, 2013 BIOLOGY THE VASCULAR FLORA OF RARĂU MASSIF (EASTERN CARPATHIANS, ROMANIA). NOTE II ADRIAN OPREA1 and CULIŢĂ SÎRBU2 1 “Anastasie Fătu” Botanical Garden, Str. Dumbrava Roşie, nr. 7-9, 700522–Iaşi, Romania 2 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iaşi, Faculty of Agriculture, Str. Mihail Sadoveanu, nr. 3, 700490–Iaşi, Romania Corresponding author: [email protected] This second part of the paper about the vascular flora of Rarău Massif listed approximately half of the whole number of the species registered by the authors in their field trips or already included in literature on the same area. Other taxa have been added to the initial list of plants, so that, the total number of taxa registered by the authors in Rarău Massif amount to 1443 taxa (1133 species and 310 subspecies, varieties and forms). There was signaled out the alien taxa on the surveyed area (18 species) and those dubious presence of some taxa for the same area (17 species). Also, there were listed all the vascular plants, protected by various laws or regulations, both internal or international, existing in Rarău (i.e. 189 taxa). Finally, there has been assessed the degree of wild flora conservation, using several indicators introduced in literature by Nowak, as they are: conservation indicator (C), threat conservation indicator) (CK), sozophytisation indicator (W), and conservation effectiveness indicator (E). Key words: Vascular flora, Rarău Massif, Romania, conservation indicators. 1. INTRODUCTION A comprehensive analysis of Rarău flora, in terms of plant diversity, taxonomic structure, biological, ecological and phytogeographic characteristics, as well as in terms of the richness in endemics, relict or threatened plant species was published in our previous note (see Oprea & Sîrbu 2012). -
Some Effects of Grazing on the Vegetation of Streamside Lawns in the New Forest
Proc. Hampsh. Field Club Archaeol. Soc. 41, 1985, 45-50. SOME EFFECTS OF GRAZING ON THE VEGETATION OF STREAMSIDE LAWNS IN THE NEW FOREST By PJ EDWARDS ABSTRACT cially in low lying areas close to the stream. Small grassy mounds are abundant on many These mounds are about the size of large mole streamside lawns in the New Forest. The vegetation hills (30-70 cm in diameter and 10-20 cm and soil of these mounds is described and evidence high) and in some places are closely packed is presented to show that they have developed from and very abundant, eg Balmer Lawn SU tussocks of purple moor grass (Molinia caerulea) in305035) , Alum Green (SU 278074), response to increased grazing. Warwickslade (SU 272066). Their origin has been something of a mystery; the aim of this INTRODUCTION article is to present evidence that they have Among the most diverse and interesting developed from tussocks of purple moor grass plant communities in the New Forest are those (Molinia caerulea), a common plant of wet places of low lying ground beside streams and rivers. which often grows in pure stands. The Many of these areas are flooded in winter when significance of their formation- in relation to swollen streams burst their banks. As the changes in grazing pressure is discussed. waters spread out over the flood plain they deposit a layer of fine silt which is rich in plant nutrients and adds to the fertility of the heavy METHODS alluvial soils. Many factors affect the kind of The main study area was the broad flood vegetation which develops on flood plains, plain of Oberwater at Markway Bridge (SU including the nutrient quality of the flood 255038) which has a rich flora and exhibits a waters, speed of drainage, and the intensity of wide range of wetland plant communities. -
Pondnet RECORDING FORM (PAGE 1 of 5)
WETLAND PLANTS PondNet RECORDING FORM (PAGE 1 of 5) Your Name Date Pond name (if known) Square: 4 fig grid reference Pond: 8 fig grid ref e.g. SP1243 e.g. SP 1235 4325 Determiner name (optional) Voucher material (optional) METHOD (complete one survey form per pond) Aim: To assess pond quality and conservation value, by recording wetland plants. How: Identify the outer boundary of the pond. This is the ‘line’ marking the pond’s highest yearly water levels (usually in early spring). It will probably not be the current water level of the pond, but should be evident from wetland vegetation like rushes at the pond’s outer edge, or other clues such as water-line marks on tree trunks or stones. Within the outer boundary, search all the dry and shallow areas of the pond that are accessible. Survey deeper areas with a net or grapnel hook. Record wetland plants found by crossing through the names on this sheet. You don’t need to record terrestrial species. For each species record its approximate abundance as a percentage of the pond’s surface area. Where few plants are present, record as ‘<1%’. If you are not completely confident in your species identification put ’?’ by the species name. If you are really unsure put ‘??’. Enter the results online: www.freshwaterhabitats.org.uk/projects/waternet/ or send your results to Freshwater Habitats Trust. Aquatic plants (submerged-leaved species) Nitella hyalina (Many-branched Stonewort) Floating-leaved species Apium inundatum (Lesser Marshwort) Nitella mucronata (Pointed Stonewort) Azolla filiculoides (Water Fern) Aponogeton distachyos (Cape-pondweed) Nitella opaca (Dark Stonewort) Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (Frogbit) Cabomba caroliniana (Fanwort) Nitella spanioclema (Few-branched Stonewort) Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating Pennywort) Callitriche sp. -
Grassroots Dec 2006
Grassroots: Newsletter of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa ▪ December 2006 ▪ Vol 6 ▪ No. 4 The highly invasive Glyceria maxima is threatening the Maloti- Drakensberg wetlands Donovan Kotze E-mail: [email protected] lyceria maxima (also known G as great mann grass and Poa aquatica ), occurs in several Maloti-Drakensberg wetlands. Al- though this species has high erosion control and forage production values, it is extremely invasive. Unless measures are taken soon to curb this species, it is likely to considerably increase in extent and abundance, which will be devastating for biodi- versity. This species should not be in- tentionally spread or promoted Description Synonyms Glyceria maxima is a perennial rhizo- matous grass with unbranched erect Glyceria aquatica (L.) Wahlb, Glyc- stems up to 1.0-2.5 m. Leaf sheaths eria spectabilis Mert. & Koch, Molinia have prominent midribs and visible maxima Hartman, Panicularia transverse veins and leaf blades are aquatica (L.) Kuntze, Poa aquatica L. shallowly grooved with prominent (see). midribs. Leaf margins have short, stiff hairs which are rough to the Common names touch. Leaves are bright green but Glycérie aquatique (French), great sometimes tinged with red. mann grass, reed mannagrass, reed Spikelets are 6-12 mm long and the meadow grass, reed sweet grass inflorescence is a panicle which can (English), Wasser schwaden be opened or contracted and the (German). inflorescence branches have short, stiff hairs similar to those of the leaf margins. 22 Grassroots: Newsletter of the Grassland Society of Southern Africa ▪ December 2006 ▪ Vol 6 ▪ No. 4 Invasive potential of the plant. Based on the sites ex- amined in the Maloti-Drakensberg, Glyceria maxima is known to be one impediments to flow appear to be the of the most invasive grasses world- most important contributing factor. -
Distribution of the Native Grasses of California
HILGARDIA A Journal of Agricultural Science Published by the California Agricultural Experiment Station VOLUME 17 APRIL, 1947 NUMBER 9 CONTENTS DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE GRASSES OF CALIFORNIA ALAN A. BEETLE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA • BERKELEY, CALIFORNIA HILGARDIA A Journal of Agricultural Science Published by the California Agricultural Experiment Station VOL. 17 APRIL, 1947 NO. 9 DISTRIBUTION OF THE NATIVE GRASSES OF CALIFORNIA1 ALAN A. BEETLE2 THE grasses, supplemented by certain legumes, form the principal basis for range wealth. The natural forage value of the Gramineae as a whole makes an intensive study of their characteristics important, for the broader the knowledge concerning them the more readily may any problem be met. The following paper presents a picture of the current distributions of grasses in California, together with evidences of their floral origins by migration from other regions. Vegetation has many characteristics which are not always apparent at first glance. For instance, certain elements of the vegetation are native in their location, some are native elsewhere and have only recently been introduced. Some are old species often representative of a primitive condition in their genus, still others appear to be recently evolved. Some of the migrants arrived in California from the north during glacial periods, some crossed the ocean, and others came from the south during interglacial periods. Some plants are distributionally restricted for a number of reasons, including: (1) specialization as to habitat or environmental repression, as the species of vernal pools; (2) recent origin (plants sometimes referred to as neoendemics or initiates), as the endemic varieties of Distichlis spicata; (3) ancient origin (paleoendemics or relics); and (4) genotypic specialization (genetic endemics). -
Plant Diversity and Spatial Vegetation Structure of the Calcareous Spring Fen in the "Arkaulovskoye Mire" Protected Area (Southern Urals, Russia)
Plant diversity and spatial vegetation structure of the calcareous spring fen in the "Arkaulovskoye Mire" Protected Area (Southern Urals, Russia) E.Z. Baisheva1, A.A. Muldashev1, V.B. Martynenko1, N.I. Fedorov1, I.G. Bikbaev1, T.Yu., Minayeva2, A.A. Sirin2 1Ufa Institute of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences Ufa Federal Research Centre, Ufa, Russian Federation 2Institute of Forest Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Uspenskoe, Russian Federation _______________________________________________________________________________________ SUMMARY The plant communities of base-rich fens are locally rare and have high conservation value in the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russian Federation), and indeed across the whole of Russia. The flora and vegetation of the calcareous spring fen in the protected area (natural monument) “Arkaulovskoye Mire” (Republic of Bashkortostan, Southern Urals Region) was investigated. The species recorded comprised 182 vascular plants and 87 bryophytes (67 mosses and 20 liverworts), including 26 rare species listed in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan and seven species listed in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation. The study area is notable for the presence of isolated populations of relict species whose main ranges are associated with humid coastal and mountainous regions in Central Europe. The vegetation cover of the protected area consists of periodically flooded grey alder - bird cherry forests, sedge - reed birch and birch - alder forested mire, sparse pine and birch forested mire with dominance of Molinia caerulea, base-rich fens with Schoenus ferrugineus, islets of meso-oligotrophic moss - shrub - dwarf pine mire communities, aquatic communities of small pools and streams, etc. Examination of the peat deposit indicates the occurrence of both historical and present-day travertine deposition. -
Puccinellia Parishii (Poaceae, Poeae): a Genus and Species New to Texas
Carter, S.K., J.R. Singhurst, and W.C. Holmes. 2014. Puccinellia parishii (Poaceae, Poeae): a genus and species new to Texas. Phytoneuron 2014-58: 1–4. Published 16 June 2014. ISSN 2153 733X PUCCINELLIA PARISHII (POACEAE, POEAE): A GENUS AND SPECIES NEW TO TEXAS SHANNON K. CARTER Department of Biology Baylor University Waco, Texas 76706 [email protected] JASON R. SINGHURST Wildlife Diversity Program Texas Parks and Wildlife 4200 Smith School Road Austin, TX 78704 [email protected] WALTER C. HOLMES Department of Biology Baylor University Waco, Texas 76706 [email protected] ABSTRACT Puccinellia parishii is reported as a genus and species new to Texas. The species is here reported from the Chinati Mountains of Presidio County in the Trans-Pecos region of West Texas, greatly extending eastward the previously recorded distribution of the species. The species was previously known from about 30 locales in California, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, and Colorado. At one time P. parishii was proposed for listing as an endangered species, but was removed from the candidate list because of abundance. The species is globally ranked G2G3 (imperiled and very vulnerable to extinction throughout its range) but is ranked S1 (critically imperiled) in Texas. Puccinellia, commonly known as alkali grass, is a genus found in saline or alkaline environments in the subtropics to Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. With the exception of the southeastern USA and Hawaii, the genus has been reported throughout the USA and Canada. Puccinellia parishii, commonly known as Parish’s alkali grass or bog alkali grass, occurs in continuously moist alkaline desert springs, or cienegas.