Factors of functioning and Continuation of table

development of information Years 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 8th pillar: Financial 114 117 107 121 130 technologies in the national market development 8.01 Availability of 113 109 102 101 112 economy financial services 8.06 Soundness of banks 142 143 138 140 138 Anastasiya Karpiak Rank out of 144 148 144 140 138 Management and International Business Department, Lviv Polytechnic National University, , Lviv, So Ukraine, having ranked 72 in the Global S. Bandery street 12, E-mail: [email protected] Competitiveness Index from 134 indexed countries, already in 2015 lowered its performance and ranked only Abstract – The development of the IT industry in Ukraine today is one of the most important prerequisites for the 85th among 138 countries. In the category "Institutions" integration of the state into the European and world civilized during the same years, Ukraine's position moved from community. With a sufficiently rich heritage of highly skilled 115 to 129. scientists and engineers, Ukraine has managed to achieve The same situation is observed with the 3rd pillar index good indicators of the level of development of the IT industry. Macroeconomic environment: Ukraine moved from 134 The result of the study was a dynamic analysis of the level of positions (out of 141) to 91 positions in 2011, and slightly development and the growth potential of Ukrainian society's improved its performance in 2015 (128 out of 138). informatization in international. Significantly better, although far from desirable, is the Кеуwords – national economy; types of economic activity; Information Technology; IT market; IT industry. situation with regard to indicators related to education (see Table 2) TABLE 2 I. Introduction UKRAINE'S RATING IN SOME AREAS (ACCORDING TO The purpose of the study is to analyze and systematize THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS REPORT [1 – 5]) the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, statistical data collected from the initiatives of IT clusters 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 4th pillar: Health and of Ukraine, dynamics of development indices (according 62 62 43 45 54 to the ). Based on the data primary education 4.09 Quality of 44 37 40 45 51 obtained, make certain conclusions about the primary education . preconditions and prospects of growth of the IT market of 4.10 Primary Ukraine, as well as outline the existing problems. education enrollment, 90 94 31 33 57 net %* 5th pillar: Higher II. Presenting main material 47 43 40 34 33 education and training For many objective and subjective reasons, the analysis of which is not the purpose of the proposed study and is, 5.01 Secondary education enrollment, 49 54 41 39 53 apparently, extremely complex, Ukraine has continued to gross %* lose its position in world developmental rankings in 5.02 Tertiary recent years. Thus, after analyzing the data of the World education enrollment, 10 10 13 14 11 Economic Forum for 2011-2015 (see Table 1), we can gross %* 5.03 Quality of the conclude that Ukraine can not rise to the first hundred of 70 79 72 54 56 education system . the rated countries (only 133-124 countries in the world in 5.04 Quality of math different years submit data for rating). A large number of 34 28 30 38 27 significant indicators from the survey perspective remain and science education in the downward trend (see Table 1). 5.05 Quality of 117 115 88 87 93 management schools 5.06 Internet access in TABLE 1 62 70 67 44 35 UKRAINE'S RATING IN SOME AREAS (ACCORDING TO THE GLOBAL schools COMPETITIVENESS REPORT [1 – 5]) 5.07 Availability of research and training 98 92 84 78 77 services Years 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 5.08 Extent of staff Global Competitiveness 106 103 92 74 94 73 84 76 79 85 training Index Rank out of 144 148 144 140 138 1 st pillar: Institutions 132 137 130 130 129 1.02 Intellectual property 120 133 129 120 125 protection Ukraine's highest rating for 2015 has risen, ranking 1.21 Strength of investor 141 100 105 95 79 11th, compared to all others, with only a percentage of protection tertiary education enrollment. The relatively high position 2nd pillar: Infrastructure 65 68 68 69 75 3rd pillar: Macroeconomic (27th position), with a tendency for improvement (34th 90 107 105 134 128 environment position in 2011), Ukraine is ranked Quality of 3.03 Inflation, annual % 107 1 75 134 136 mathematical and science education. However, in general,

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Lviv Polytechnic National University Institutional Repository http://ena.lp.edu.ua the quality of the educational system, with a tendency to , Kharkiv, Lviv, Dnipro and Odessa, however, all improve (70 and 56 positions in 2011 and 2015, regions are covered in essence. High growth rates are respectively), is at a rather low level. It's hard to imagine demonstrated by Kyiv (more than half of all that in the center of Europe there is a country in which programmers) and Lviv. Distribution of employees by schools of Internet access in schools are worse than in 34 region is reported by [16] as of 2015. countries of the world. True, in 2012 Internet access to schools was the best in 69 countries. Conclusion Thus, for many years the level of education of The preconditions for growth of the IT industry are: Ukrainian citizens has significantly outpaced the level of high level of primary, secondary and higher education; the economic development of the state. This, according to the restoration of a high level of natural and mathematical authors, has become one of the most important factors in training of specialists; stimulating tax policy; development the rapid development of the branch of economy that was of state and non-state research centers; wide introduction able to develop, being at least dependent on the economic of information technologies in the public sector. and political situation; level of corruption, inefficiency of management, problems of tax regulation, etc. That is why, according to the authors, the development References of the IT market began in Ukraine with . And [1] Insight Report “The World Economic Forum Global in a few years, some IT outsourcing companies based in Competitiveness Report 2015–2016: Full Data Ukraine have grown to technological giants with offices Edition”. Professor Klaus Schwab World Economic around the world. Among these companies are Ciklum, Forum Editor. Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martín, DataArt, Infopulse, Lohika, Miratech, SoftServe. An Columbia University Chief Advisor of The Global example of rapid growth is AOG – a service IT company Competitiveness Report. Retrieved from URL: from Cherkassy, which attracted about 5,000 freelance http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness- engineers in less than three years of operation. Over the past report-2015-2016. 15 years, overseas outsourcing companies such as EPAM, [2] World Economic Forum Insight Report “The Global GlobalLogic, Luxoft have created several offices in Ukraine Competitiveness Report 2014–2015: Full Data Edition”. that are now at the positions of the main R & D hubs Retrieved from URL: (centers) for these global IT service providers. All https://www.weforum.org/reports/global- outsourcing companies employs more than 50,000 engineers competitiveness-report-2014-2015. (about 60% of all engineers) living in Ukraine [6]. [3] World Economic Forum Insight Report “The Global Experience in outsourcing has become the basis for start Competitiveness Report 2013–2014: Full Data Edition”. of rapid startup development in Ukraine. Between these Retrieved from URL: internationally-oriented startups are BPMOnline, https://www.weforum.org/reports/global- DepositPhotos, Grammarly, InvisibleCRM, Jooble, competitiveness-report-2013-2014. Looksery (Snapchat in September 2015), MacPaw, [4] World Economic Forum Insight Report “The Global Paymentwall, Readdle, Starwind Software, and others. Some Competitiveness Report 2012–2013: Full Data of them, such as Paywall and Grammarly, have grown into Edition”. Retrieved from URL: global companies, leaving their main R & D offices in http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness- Ukraine, that is, in their country of creation. The range of report-2012-2013/ international funds in Ukraine includes, but is not limited to, [5] World Economic Forum “The Global Competitiveness corporations such as Almaz Capital, the EBRD, Intel Capital, Report 2011–2012”. Retrieved from URL: Horizon Capital, Naspers, and local players such as https://www.weforum.org/reports/global- AVentures Capital and TA Ventures [7]. Beginning its competitiveness-report-2011-2012. activities solely outsourcing, by 2015, the share of companies [6] IT job market in Ukraine: 2015 in review. Retrieved engaged in product development has grown to 28.5%, and from URL: https://medium.com/@maxua/it-job- companies – start up more than 4.5%. market-in-ukraine-2015-in-review-8571f38cde00. An important factor in the growth of the IT industry in [7] IT industriya [IT industry]. Retrieved from URL: Ukraine is the breadth of localization of enterprises. http://itukraine.org.ua/sites/default/files/vytalyy_nuzh Although 86% of all programmers work in one of five cities: nyy.pdf

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