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MPIA Annual Report 2003

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MPIA Annual Report 2003 Max-Planck-Institute für Astronomie The Max Planck Society Heidelberg-Königstuhl The Max Planck Society for the Promotion of Sciences was founded in 1948. In suc- cession to the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, which was founded in 1911, the Max Planck Society operates at present 88 Institutes and other facilities dedicated to basic and applied research. With an annual budget of around 1.33 billion € in the year 2003, the Max Planck Society has about 12 000 employees, of which one quarter are scientists. In addition, annually about 9600 junior and visiting scientists are working at the Institutes of the Max Planck Society. The goal of the Max Planck Society is to promote centers of excellence at the fore- Annual Report 2003 front of the international scientific research. To this end, the Institutes of the Society are equipped with adequate tools and put into the hands of outstanding scientists, who have a high degree of autonomy in their scientific work. 3 200 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften Public Relations Office Hofgartenstr. 8 80539 München Annual Report Tel.: 089/2108-1275 oder -1277 Fax: 089/2108-1207 Internet: http://www.mpg.de Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie JB2003_U_aussen_en.indd 1 9.9.2004 14:58:55 Uhr Cover Picture: Saturnʼs moon Titan seen in the near infrared. The picture was taken with ESOʼs Very Large Telescope and the high resolution camera CONICA which was equipped with the additional optics SDI (see page 91) in conjunction with the adaptive optics NAOS. The diameter of Titan is 0.8 arcsec, the resolution is about 0.02 arcsec which corresponds to about 200 km on the moons surface. JB2003_U_innen_en.idd 2 9.9.2004 16:56:18 Uhr Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Heidelberg-Königstuhl Annual Report 2003 JB2003_K1_en q3.indd 1 10.9.2004 11:17:47 Uhr Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Scientific Members, Governing Body, Directors Prof. Thomas Henning (Managing Director) Prof. Hans-Walter Rix Emeritus Scientific Members Prof. Hans Elsässer (†), Prof. Guido Münch External Scientific Members: Prof. Immo Appenzeller, Heidelberg Prof. Steven Beckwith, Baltimore Prof. Karl-Heinz Böhm, Seattle Prof. George H. Herbig, Honolulu Prof. Rafael Rebolo, Tenerife Advisory Council: Prof. Robert Williams, Baltimore (Chair) Prof. Anneila Sargent, Pasadena Prof. Ralf-Jürgen Dettmar, Bochum Prof. Rens Waters, Amsterdam Prof. Ewine van Dishoek, Leiden Prof. Simon D. M. White, Garching Prof. Pierre Léna, Meudon Prof. Lodewijk Woltjer, Saint-Michel-lʼObservatoire Prof. Dieter Reimers, Hamburg Prof. Harold Yorke, Pasadena Board of Trustees: Min.-Dir. Hermann-Friedrich Wagner, Bonn (Chair) Dr. Karl A. Lamers, MdB, Berlin Dr. Ludwig Baumgarten, Bonn Prof. Roland Sauerbrey, Jena Min.-Dir. Wolfgang Fröhlich, Stuttgart Dr. h.c. Klaus Tschira Heidelberg Prof. Peter Hommelhoff, Heidelberg Ranga Yogeshwar, Köln Dipl.-Ing. Reiner Klett, München Staff: The MPIA currently employs a staff of 205 (including externally funded positions). There are 40 scientists and 53 junior and visiting scientists. Address: MPI für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg Telephone: 0049-6221-528-0, Fax: 0049-6221-528-246, E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.mpia.de Calar Alto Observatory Address: Centro Astronómico Hispano Alemán, Calle Jesús Durbán 2/2, E-04004 Almería, Spanien Telephone: 0034 50-230 988, -632 500, Fax: 0034 50-632 504 E-mail: “name”@caha.es Research Group »Laboratory Astrophysics«, Jena Address: Institut für Festkörperphysik der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Helmholtzweg 3, D-07743 Jena Telephone: 0049 3641-9-47354, Fax: 0049-3641-9-47308 E-mail: [email protected] Masthead © 2004 Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Heidelberg Editors: Dr. Jakob Staude, Prof. Thomas Henning Text: Dr. Thomas Bührke and others Translation: Dipl.-Phys. Margit Röser Graphics, picture editing and layout: Dipl.-Phys. Axel M. Quetz, Graphikabteilung Printing: Koelblin-Fortuna-Druck GmBH & Co. KG, Baden-Baden ISSN 1437-2924; Internet: ISSN 1617 – 0490 JB2003_K1_en q3.indd 2 10.9.2004 11:17:47 Uhr Contents Preface ....................................................................... 5 III.4 The Sloan Digital Sky Survey ........................... 71 Cannibalism in our Galaxy and in the I. General .................................................................... 6 Andromeda Galaxy ............................................... 71 I.1 The Max Planck Institute for Astronomy ............. 6 Extending the Sagittarius Stream: Probing the Shape of the Milky Wayʼs I.2 Scientific Goals .................................................... 8 Dark Matter Halo .................................................. 72 Formation of Stars and Planets .................................. 8 A New Stellar Structure in the Halo Galaxies and Cosmology ........................................... 9 of the Andromeda Galaxy ..................................... 74 Ground-based Astronomy – Instrumentation ............ 10 The distribution of stellar mass and Extraterrestrial Infrared Research cooled baryons in the local Universe .................... 75 – Instrumentation .................................................. 11 IV. Instrumental Development .................................... 78 1.3 National and International Cooperation ............... 13 IV.1. OMEGA 2000 a Camera for the Infrared Regime ....................................................... 78 1.4 Teaching and Public Outreach ............................. 14 IV.2. The Wide Field Camera LAICA ......................... 84 II. Highlights ............................................................... 16 II.1 Star Formation within the Starburst Clusters IV.3. The Wavefront Sensor PYRAMIR ....................... 85 – Arches and NGC 3603 ....................................... 16 IV.4. LUCIFER: A Multi-purpose Infrared II.2 KH 15D – an Unusual Young Binary Star ......... 21 Camera for the LBT ............................................... 86 II.3 A New Method for Observing IV.5. LINC-NIRVANA: The Beam Combiner for the LBT .................................................................. 87 Protoplanetary Disks ............................................. 25 IV.6. CHEOPS: Imaging Extrasolar Planets ................. 89 II.4 MIDI – Infrared Interferometry at Large Telescopes ............................................... 28 IV.7. SDI : A Simultaneous Differential Imaging System ..................................................... 91 II.5 GEMS – a Study of Galaxy Evolution ................. 36 IV.8. PACS – The Far-Infrared Camera and II.6 Origin and Evolution of Massive Galaxies ........ 41 Spectrometer for the HERSCHEL Satellite ............. 92 III. Scientific Work ..................................................... 44 IV.9. MIRI and NIRSPEC: Instruments for the III.1 Massive Stars – Formation and James Webb Space Telescope ............................... 94 Early Stages ........................................................... 44 The Early Stages of Evolution ................................... 46 V. People and Events .................................................. 96 Conclusions ................................................................ 51 Commemoration for Hans Elsässer ........................... 96 The Search for the Second Earth: III.2 Laboratory Astrophysics: A New Research DARWIN/TPF-Conference in Heidelberg ............ 100 Field of MPIA ....................................................... 52 MIDI-Conference at Ringberg Castle ...................... 102 Introduction ................................................................ 52 Dagmar Schipanski: Absorption Spectroscopy of Neutral and an Important Visitor to the Institute ................... 104 Ionized PAHs in a Jet ............................................. 54 Paul-Prize Winner Roberto Ragazzoni Spectroscopy of Molecules in Ultra-cold Helium and the Future of the Adaptive Optics ............... 105 Droplets ................................................................. 58 An Apprentice on the Königstuhl ........................... 107 Photoluminescence Properties of Silicon Girl´s Day at the Institute ....................................... 109 Nanocrystals .......................................................... 61 Staff ......................................................................... 111 III.3 The Enigmatic Centers of Galaxies ................... 66 Working Groups ...................................................... 112 Why are the Galaxy Centers interesting? .................. 66 Cooperation with Industrial Firms .......................... 113 Are All Galaxy Centers Special? ............................... 66 Teaching Activities ......................................................... 115 What Galaxy Parameters Can Predict the Mass Conferences, Lectures ................................................... 115 of the Central Black Hole? .................................... 68 Further Activities at the Institute .................................. 119 The Central Parsec of Active Galaxies ...................... 68 Service in Committees ................................................... 119 When are Black Holes Accreting Actively? ............... 69 Awards .............................................................................. 120 What is Next? ............................................................ 70 Publications ..................................................................... 120 JB2003_K1_en q3.indd 3 10.9.2004 11:17:47 Uhr JB2003_K1_en q3.indd 4 10.9.2004
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