(270) REPORT ON THE "BRITISH BIRDS" CENSUS OF HERONRIES, 1928.* BY E. M. NICHOLSON. PART I. INTRODUCTORY AND HISTORICAL.—The want of satisfactory data regarding the numbers of animals in relation to space and time is an obstacle of which biology is becoming acutely aware. It is clear that until accurate statistics are secured on a sufficient scale research must be restricted, if not actually held up, at a great many points. The small number of observers who are available for any such task, and the obvious difficulties in practice, make it essential at this stage for the object of any national census to be large, conspicuous and easily identified. For such a purpose the Common Heron, Ardea cinerea cinerea, is very nearly ideal. In the British Isles it is a well-known and widely-distributed species, whose breeding-colonies, often protected and of long standing, but rarely of embarassing size, are familiar under the name of heronries. The first attempt to obtain, through the agency of a periodical, information regarding the heronries of Great Britain was made in Vol. I. of The Naturalist as long ago as 1851, when J. Mcintosh sent in a list of 32 sites known to him (28 in England, 3 in Scotland and 1 in Ireland) and made a general appeal for additions. A rather larger catalogue of 33 English sites had already been published by Yarrell (ist Ed., 1843), but the Naturalist list seems to have been compiled quite independently from the start, and is of greater value, since the numerous correspondents whose notes were added during the three succeeding years often knew their sites at first hand, and were able to give scraps of contemporary information
*EDITOR'S NOTE.—When Mr. Nicholson suggested that BRITISH BIRDS should organize a census of British heronries in England and Wales and, if possible, Scotland, I agreed to do so provided he would not only assist in obtaining the census, but would undertake the great labour of collating the results and preparing the Report. Neither of us fully realized the labour and difficulties involved, but Mr. Nicholson has shirked nothing and has produced a Report which I feel sure will be regarded as a most efficient and masterly exposition of the immense number of facts collected. We are most grateful to Mr. Nicholson for having done this and I take this opportunity of expressing my sincerest thanks, not only to him, but also to every one of those numerous correspondents who have contributed information and made the Report possible.— H.F.W. Map to show the distribution of existing heronries in England and Wales according to their size. The locations of the sites are marked as nearly as possible, but exactness is not claimed. 272 BRITISH BIRDS. (VOL. XXII. about them. This inquiry, though clearly very incomplete, was the basis for the list in Morris's British Birds (1855) which names 71 existing and extinct colonies in England and Wales (some obviously in error) and for the revision of Yarrell (3rd Ed., 1856). In 1872 the late J. E. Harting carried out through the Field, and later the Zoologist, a rather more extensive inquiry, but the standard was not high and little serious verification seems to have been attempted. This primitive census was continued spasmodically into the 'eighties, and was summed up by Saunders in the 4th edition of Yarrell (1884-5). There followed a period prolific in county avifaunas and (after 1900) in volumes of the Victoria County History, which often contain valuable local information about heronries, but no comprehensive inquiry was repeated until Boyd Watt in Scotland (1908) and Frank Bonnett in England (1912) compiled on their own initiative lists of all the sites they could discover. (In Ireland, which is strictly outside the scope of the present census, although several Irish returns have been received, Ussher and Warren's Birds of Ireland (1900) provided a very creditable, though quite incomplete, survey of the Heron population.) During the war it became evident that widespread tree-felling and other factors were dispersing known heronries on an alarming scale, and in three counties efforts were seriously made to enumerate the local heronries, and to ascertain their size. These efforts resulted in the papers of Wiglesworth for Somerset (1918), Blath- wayt for Dorset (1924) and Riviere for Norfolk (1924-5)—the first surveys of any satisfactory accuracy or completeness. In saying this, no disparagement is intended for the pioneers, whose work has a high value so far as it goes, but it must be obvious from the magnitude of the present inquiry, which itself has fallen short of perfection, that the resources at their disposal were quite unequal to the task they set themselves, just as our own resources have proved still unequal to it over a large part of northern Britain. In case this should not be clear a few details will perhaps make it so. ORGANISATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.—-The census was decided upon in January, 1928, and launched in the February issue of British Birds (antea, Vol. XXL, p. 210). Appeals were also published in the Naturalist, the Field, the Daily Mail and a great many local papers. The response was at first very patchy, and the success of the census remained for some time in doubt, until a number of ornithologists generously undertook to make them selves locally responsible, and large areas were thus decentralised. It is certain that if the entire conduct of operations had continued to fall on the central organisation, many local breakdowns could never have been avoided. The organisers have the names VOL. XXII] ORGANISATION & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 273 of about 393 persons who have assisted, either by actually counting heronries or by contributing other relevant information, and when allowance is made for the number whose contributions have previously been digested by various local organisers over large areas, it must be reckoned that nearly 500 observers have taken part in the present inquiry. Excluding Scotland, 279 occupied sites have been visited and counted, the majority on more than one occasion, and a further large number of alleged heronries have had to be exhaustively investigated before their non-existence could be proved. The running to earth of an extinct or imaginary colony is equally important with the assessment of an existing one ; in fact the work which has been done in clearing away from the active list the tangle of long-vanished sites and mistaken records must do much to simplify any repetition of the census. It will readily be understood that this Report is indebted to so many people, and for so much, that any elaborate or detailed acknowledgments would allow little space for anything else. Nor is it necessary for the organisers to emphasise how grateful they are for every contribution which has been made towards the attainment of their objective ; the wealth of facts which it is sought to embody in this account is the best tribute possible to the energy, generosity and skill of those who were responsible for securing the material. The names of those known to the compiler of the Report to have supplied information regarding each particular heronry appear in the County Tables against it. To all these, and to those indirect contributors whose names have not reached us, we are very much obliged for their help. Nor must we miss this opportunity of thanking the landowners and tenants, many also unknown to us, who with very rare exceptions readily granted permission to visit the sites, and often put themselves to much trouble to ensure the completeness of the census. It is impossible, however, to refrain from setting on record the names of those observers who saved the census from imminent disaster by undertaking to organise single- handed either counties or whole groups of counties. In England and Wales, which were under the general direction of H. F. Witherby, the counties were organised as follows (roughly from north to south) : Cumberland by Mr. L. E. Hope ; Yorkshire by Mr. Riley Fortune ; Lancashire, Cheshire and Staffordshire (in part) by Mr. A. W. Boyd ; Staffordshire (in part) by Mr. J. R. B. Masefield ; Derbyshire by Mr. A. Roebuck ; Lincolnshire by Capt. J. S. Reeve ; Norfolk by Dr. B. B. Riviere ; Leicester by Mr. W. E. Mayes ; Shropshire and North Wales by Mr. H. E. Forrest ; Monmouth and South Wales by Mr. G. C. S. Ingram ; Hereford, Devon, Cornwall, Dorset and Berkshire by E- M. Nicholson ; Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Wiltshire and Somerset by Mr. 274 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. B. W. Tucker (these last nine partly through the Oxford Ornitho logical Society) ; Essex by Mr. W. E. Glegg; London, Middlesex and parts of the Home Counties by the London Natural History Society; and Kent and Sussex by Dr. N. F. Ticehurst. In Scotland Miss L. J. Rintoul and Miss E. V. Baxter had the most difficult and unwieldy task in organising the census. Unfor tunately, they found it impossible in the time at their disposal to prevent large areas of the country from being devoid of observers. A considerable amount of material was, however, collected and the work of Mr. W. Duncan, which covered the whole of Dumfries shire and Kirkcudbright, Mr. J. Gordon and Mr. E. Richmond Paton in Wigtown, and of Commander G. Hughes-Onslow in Ayrshire should be specially mentioned. The census as a whole however remained very incomplete, and it was felt that an effort should be made to continue it in Scotland in 1929. This we are delighted to be able to say has now been arranged for and Miss Rintoul and Miss Baxter have the promised assistance of Mr. B. D. Nicholson to organise a further census for Scotland, which we sincerely hope will meet with entire success. In these circumstances we have considered it advisable not to publish the 1928 census returns for Scotland and have handed over the whole of the material collected to the organisers of the new census, for the purpose of which it will be of great value. Before doing so we have extracted certain items on general ques tions which will be found embodied in various sections of this Report. We would urge those of our readers who can assist in any way in a Scottish census for 1929 to communicate immediately with Miss L. J. Rintoul at Lahill, Largo, Fifeshire, N.B. In Ireland, which was not a part of the original programme, Mr. R. F. Ruttledge volunteered to undertake Co. Mayo, and successfully investigated 36 sites single-handed, while the Hon. C. Mulholland in Co. Down secured almost all the remainder of the set of Irish data, which have proved very valuable for purposes of comparison. In addition, there were several observers, not county organisers, who were directly responsible for covering whole series of heronries, and whose extraordinary efforts cannot readily be forgotten— Mr. V. C. Wynne -Edwards and Mr. W. Walmesley White in S. Devon ; Mr. M. E. A. Davies in Bucks., Beds., Essex ?.nd Durham (ringing altogether 165 young Herons in the season) ; Miss F. K. Staunton in Suffolk, Notts, and Norfolk ; Sir C. Dillwyn-Venables- Llewelyn, Bt., in central Wales ; Professor Kennedy Orton in Caernarvon, Denbigh and Anglesey ; Capt. H. A. Gilbert in Hereford and the Welsh Marches ; Mr. M. Portal in Hampshire and Nor thumberland ; Mr. S, Lewis in Somerset and Wilts ; and Rev. VOL.xxii] EXPLANATION OF METHODS. 275 H. S. Allison in Lines. We must add here the name of Mr. B. D. Nicholson, who took a large share in the labour of preparing this Report. The more the subject is considered the more temptation is felt to swell the list still further, but in justice to the heronries, which we have still to deal with, we must reluctantly submit to the limits of space and turn to our data at once. EXPLANATION OF METHODS.—It is necessary in the first place to explain as briefly as possible on what lines the material has been worked up. The skeleton of the census consists of a list of sites, numbers and dates, but, in addition, a great deal has been accumu lated regarding the history of heronries, the habits of the Heron, and various general questions. On all these points much might have been added from published sources, but at the present stage in the study of the Heron in Britain finality is not to be hoped for, and we have considered that the first duty of this Report is to present the unpublished data which the census has gathered. Additions from relevant publications have been made, freely in the case of historical points, occasionally elsewhere, but exhaustive- ness is not claimed and has not been aimed at. The summary of heronries will be found classified in alphabetical order under the various counties of England, Wales and Ireland. The first and most important part of this summary is concerned with sites definitely occupied during 1928, and these are arranged under each county in the order of their recorded size ; not alpha betically, since so many colonies might reasonably be looked for under two or more different titles. They are also numbered in that order, for convenience in reference or comparison ; thus Holkham, which appears as Norfolk No. 5, was the fifth largest colony in Norfolk according to the 1928 returns. In each of these tables will be seen the name of the site, followed in the second column by the number of occupied nests (*) returned for it in the 1928 census, and wherever possible the date at which this figure was ascertained ;(a) in the third column by any available figures for
(*) " Occupied nests " include all those returned as built or definitely- used during the season, whether any eggs were laid in them or not; in certain instances (e.g., Clumber and Banwell) this figure exceeds the total entered by the local observer on the contrary basis. Where the return is not exact a maximum and minimum is given if possible, and the place of the colony in order of size is determined by the mean between the two. If only an approxi mate figure is available, it is printed with a plus or minus sign : thus ± 20 = " approximately 20 occupied nests." Where the return gives " at least " a certain figure, or a certain figure " or more," it is printed with a plus fol lowing: thus 20+=" at least 20 occupied nests." Similarly with a minus following: thus 20— = "not more than 20 occupied nests. (2) In cases where two or more returns, which are not identical, are sent in for the same site, the rule followed has been to accept the later figure, provided it was secured before the latter part of May, as representing the 276 BRITISH BIRDS. (VOL. XXII. previous years, a query accompanying those whose accuracy we have serious reason to doubt; in the fourth column by the year of foundation^1) or alternatively the earliest date to which evidence of the colony's existence goes back; and in the fifth column by the name of the observer or authority on whose information the entry is based. Under this head we give the names of (i) Observers whose first-hand written reports are in our hands, in ordinary type, (ii) Observers whose information we have received at second-hand—i.e., in the writing of an intermediary or through word of mouth—in italics, (Where there are several names the person responsible for the total shown is usually placed first, the others indicating authorities for historical or other additional information regarding that heronry, or partakers in the count.) (iii) Writers of published works, in brackets. A fuller reference to the work cited will be found in the List of References at the end. The practice adopted has been to cite only those from whom we have learnt something not found in any of the others; superfluous entries where the same information or a part of it is merely duplicated have, so far as possible, been struck out, nor are references included which have not actually been drawn upon as part of our material, a Bibliography being quite outside our intention. Negative evidence, as anyone who has taken part in the census will realise, is as valuable as positive in its own way. We have therefore added for each county a list of extinct colonies and known sites vacant during 1928. This list cannot, however, claim the same exhaustiveness which has been attempted in the case of occu pied colonies. In fact, shortage of space has compelled us to omit many former sites of which we are aware. We include, neverthe less, all concerning which any hitherto unpublished information, however slight or vague, has been communicated to us. Former full strength, since a repetition of exact counts has shown that many colonies continue increasing throughout April, if not afterwards. In two or three instances where the presence of complicating factors has prevented a solution on this automatic principle, discretion has had to determine the figure to be used. (x) " Immemorial " is used to indicate that a heronry has existed as long as anyone questioned could remember, and that no evidence or tradition of its origin has been traced ; " Ancient " implies some evidence of existence prior to 1800. Antiquity is reckoned by the colony, not by the site. Thus a colony which has existed within a short distance of its present home for at least 130 years will be taken as " ancient," provided its pedigree appears reasonably continuous, even though the actual site may have shifted a little. Where such movement is known to have occurred the fact is briefly indicated by the word " shifted " and wherever possible the date. Approximate dates are indicated by the abbreviation c. (circa): thus '* c. 1900 "=about 1900, or " c. 1875-80" = probably between 1875 and 1880. On the other hand, if a heronry at a certain place died out in 1850 and the site was recolonised in 1920, it will be shown as (FOUNDED) " 1920." But a reference to the earlier colony will appear. VOL. XXII] EXPLANATION OF METHODS. 277 heronries of which we know nothing beyond what is available in published works are included only where we have some approximate information regarding dates or size, etc., and no attempt has been made to compile a complete list. Isolated nests prior to 1900 which are recorded in the obvious local works are systematically omitted. On the other hand certain vague or erroneous records and rumours, which by their persistence have proved a nuisance to the census, are included, in square brackets, for the sake of drawing attention, once for all, to their unreliability. In the case of vacant and extinct sites the information given is—in the first column the site (rather more precisely than is considered necessary as a rule in the case of existing colonies) ; in the second the approximate size (number of nests) at any date or dates recorded ; and in the third the year of desertion—.that is, the last year in which breeding took place. Where the year of foundation and desertion is the same, it will be understood that the colony only existed for that single season. The fourth and fifth columns are the same as for existing colonies. After the County Tables comes the Summary of Counties, giving in successive columns the acreage of each county, the census total of occupied sites and nests, the number of acres per nest and the average number of nests per heronry. In the case of Irish counties these figures are not supplied, the census being incomplete. Some further statistical data and the List of Heronries in order of size conclude Part I. Part II. summarises as fully as space permits the supplementary information which has been received on a large scale, in addition to the bare census details. This extra material is classified under four main heads, Relations with Man, including all details of persecution, protection and indirect influences;. Interrelations with Other Animals, including all details of competition, enemies, food, etc. ; Population and Habits, including fertility and mor tality, non-breeding birds, seasonal behaviour, etc.; and Distribution and Movements. Next we deal with the available records of marked Herons, so far as this country is affected, and very briefly with results of census work abroad ; finally come the Summary, Conclusions and Recom mendations. A full List of References, amplifying the brief citations, is appended to the Report. 278 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. EXISTING HERONRIES. ENGLAND.
Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Bedfordshire. i. SANDY (2nd 10 (April) 3-4 c. 1920-22:
6., ULPHA PARK 8 ™ Before c, 1890: Viscount Cross. WOOD (April 30) has shifted. 280 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. E NGL A ND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 11928 . Previous Years. Cumberland—continued. 7- NR, LORTON (a) 4-5 (a) 2 in 1924. (a) 1924. S. D.Stanley-Dodgson : (a) CASS (May) L. E. Hope. HOWE (b) BROAD (b) 2 (b) - (&) 1928. S. D. Stanley-Dodgson: LEYS (? from Wy- L. E. Hope. thorp — ex tinct). 8. GREAT 5 (March — R.Graham: E. Blezard. CORBY and May) HIGH WOOD 9- MUNCASTER 5 (March- 'Large' (1886): Before 1621. W. Marchant: (Mac- CASTLE April) 16-20 c. 1892 : 7-8 pherson): (Macpher- c. 1925-6. son and Duckworth) : (Zoologist, 1908). 10, NETHERBY 5 'Large' (1886): Immemorial: L. E. Hope: (Mac- HALL 60-70 formerly. shifted c. pherson and Duck (formerly (April 26) 1916. worth) : (Bennett). RIDDINGS) ii. P0NS0NBY 5 — Before 1890, L. E, Hope. HALL (April 21) 12. DENT WOOD, 4 1922 or earlier. J. Sewell. CLEATOR MOOR 13. MANESTY 4 (May 12) 2 is 1923: 0 in 1923, probably H. Valentine. WOOD, 1924 : 2 in 1925 : from Wy thorp DERWENT- 3 in 1926 : 1 in (Extinct). WATES 1927. 14. ESKETT 3 2 in 1927. 1924 (?)• J, Sewell. WOOD, CLEATOR MOOR IS- WANWOOD, 3 12 pre-war. ? G. Bolam. S. TYNE 16. GREYSTOKE 2 'Large' (1886): Immemorial: Mrs. F. Leyborne Pop- 'small * (1912). has shifted. ham : (Yarrell, 1st Ed.) : (Macpherson & Duckworth); (Ben nett). 17. ENNERDALE 2 1922 {?). J, Sewell. WATER — 18. LAMPLUGH 2 __ 1925 (?). HALL
Dei byshire. 1. SHIRLEY 1 1 in 1900 ; 1 annu 1900, A. Roebuck: F. C. R. WOOD ally now. Jourdain. Devonshire 1. KILLERTON ± 40 * Considerable in Immemorial Head Keeper, per W. (May 23} 1867: 'small ' Waimesley White : (igi2): has lately (Zoologist, 1873) : increased. (Bonnett). 2. WAR LEIGH 20 Immemorial: V. C. Wynne-Edwards: WOOD (March — shifted c. M. L.Ware : (Yarrell, 1st Ed.). 17) 1892-3. 3. EASTDON x8 (May 8 11— in 1912. 1910 from W. Waimesley White: HOUSE, and 11) Powderham R. W. Stansell. STARCROSS (Extinct). 4. SHARPHAM 14 21+ c. 1880-90. Ancient. V. C. Wynne-Edwards: (March 4) Oxley Parker: (D'Urban and Mathew), VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 281
ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Devonshire—continued. 5. STADBURY 11 6 before 1912. Immemorial: V. C. Wynne-Edwards: WOOD (May 10) has shifted (Bonnett). (formerly across river. AUNE- MOUTH ?) 6. HALLWELL 9 (May 5) 30 + in 1881 (April Immemorial. V. C. Wynne-Edwards: HOUSE 26). (D'Urban & Mathew).
7. SALSTON, (a) 8 Usually 3-5 : 8 Ancient. W. Walmesley White : OTTERY (May 21) previous maximum Major Coleridge. ST. MARY (b) 1 for c. 60 years. 8. STEDCOMBE 9 Formerly 25-30. 1850 from WOOD (April 10) Shute (Ex A. L. W. Mayo : W. tinct). Walmesley White : Miss Stephens. 9. ARLINGTON 8 Larger before c. Immemorial. E. M. Nicholson : A. C. COURT (March 24) 1890 : 3 in 1907 : Blake: (Zoologist 4-6 in 1927. 1908).
10. ORCHETON 8 Increased lately (?). Immemorial. V. C. Wynne-Edwards: WOODS (March 24) (D'Urban & Mathew). 11. STADSON 8 1 in 1920. 1920. W. H. Simonds. FARM, NR. (April 30) HOLS- WORTHY 12. ARCHERTON, (a) 4 * Fairly constant.' Before c. 1870 : V. C. Wynne-Edwards: NR. POST- (April 5) shifted 1885. Sir Courtenay Bennett; BRIDGE (ft) 2 (May) (Parfitt): (Harting, (formerly 1872). BELLEVER) 13. F REMINGTON 5 t,March Many more for Immemorial: E. M. Nicholson: —April) merly. shifted c. Sheila L. Hutchinson. 1912-13. 14. PUSLINCH 4 Generally 5 or 6. Immemorial. V. C. Wynne-Edwards : (March J. Yonge. 3i) 15. SOUTH WEM- ± 3-4. — — A. Bastard, per V. C. BURY WOOD Wynne-Ed wards.
16. BAGGA TOR 2 2 in 1927. Immemorial. V. C. Wynne-Edwards: (April 1) N. F. Crawshaw. 17. ANNERY- 1 1 annually. Immemorial: Sheila L. Hutchinson : MONKLEIGH has shifted W. H. Rogers, per AREA lately. J. G. Hamling.
Dorset. 1. ARNE ± 112 2 in 1854-55: 1854-55 (?) H. P. Hanham and (April 14) 'large 1876 & (from Brank- E. M. Nicholson: 188 £: 9 fin 1919 sea — extinct W. A. S. Lewis: (April) : 30-40 in ?). (Blathwayt). 1924 (March 18).
2. CRICHEL =b 19 Before c. 1835. H. P. Hanham and Sir PARK (March & J. Hanham, Bt.: May 19) Agent per F. L. Blathwayt: (Blath wayt). 3. KNIGHTON (a) ± 15 ± 12-15 usually. (a) c. 1912. Bond, per F. L. HEATH (b) 0 (6) 7-8 UII1921. (b) c. 1918. Blathwayt: W. J. WOOD Ashford : H. P. Han ham : (Blathwayt). 4. SHERBORNE 6 ± 7 c. 1917-28. Before 1851. O. D. Holt: F. L. PARK Blathwayt: (Blath wayt). 282 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Durham i. GAINFORD (a) 5 (May 22) I 'Smalt' in 1851: Immemorial: M, E. A, Davies : (b) 6{May28)| 19 before 1912. shifted and (Naturalist, 1832): divided (Bonnett). c. 1914-18. Essex. 1. ST. OSYTH 75 1 in 1872: ± 1872, from W. E. Glegg: (V.C.H.): PARK (April 6) 30-40 c. 1900: Brightlingsea (Miller Christy). 61 in 1927. (Extinct). 2. LINCOLN 60 ± 30 in 1869: ± Ancient: shift- W. E. Glegg—London ISLAND, (May 15) 25 in 1883: 43 in edbeforei8go. N.H.S.: (Miller WANSTEAD 1884: 38 in 1887: Christy): (V.C.H.): PARK 50-51^11896: 49 (Hudson), (formerly in 1897: 53 >n Heronry 1926. Pond) 3. MUNDON 35— (Not previously re- Certainly since W. E. Glegg : M. E. A. (August) corded). 1913: on for- Davies. mer site. 4 BOREHAM 22 1 in 1883: 6 in 1886 c, 1860-70: M. E. A. Davies: HOUSE (March & 1889: 60 + c. shifted 1884. (Miller Christy): 25) 20 yrs. ago: 30 in (V.C.H.). 1926 : 32 in 1927. 5. CHEST WOOD, 19 1 in 1861: 3 in 18S1 : shifted W. E. Glegg: (V.C.H.): BIRCH (April 9) 1862: ± 100 in to Calves Pas- (Miller Christy). 1877: 125 in 1888 ture Wood, (April): ± 170 (??) 1 8 7 8 : r e - in 1890: ± 200 turned c. (??) c. 1900, 1890-1902, 6. LEA VALLEY 5 (May 23) — 1914 W. E. Glegg—London RESERVOIR N.H.S.: No. 5 H. F. Witherby. Gloucestershire. 1. ADLESTROP 2 — 1928. Miss H, E. Donovan. Hampshire. 1. HINTON 31 ± 20 in 1904 and c. 1875. G. W. Godman: ADMIRAL (April 22) 1911. L. W. Hinxman; R. E. Coles: (We) Sir G. Meyrich: (Kelsall and Munn). a. WICKHAM 16 2-5 pre-war: 14— Immemorial: A. Arnold, per M. (April 14) post-war: 17-19 (before 1861): Portal, in 1926 : 11-12 in shifted 1926- 1927. 27. 3. WOOTTON, ±15 ±12 in 1927. ' Over 30 years. J. F. and M. Wynne ; I. O. W. (April) ago.' G. G. Hartill. (in 3 groups) 4. SOWLEY ±10 ±24 c, 1901: ± Immemorial, Sir T. H. C. Troubridge POND 30 iu 1904. and C. Ingham : R.E.Coles: (V.C.H.): (Kelsall and Munn). 5. SOMERLEY 7 ± 20 c. 1900: ± Before 1870: B. J. Ringrose: L. W. PARK 60 (?) in 1904: 25 shifted c. 1916 Hinxman: Sir J. pre-war : i 20 in & split into 3 Hanham, Bt.t per 1914. groups: 1 E. M. Nicholson: only 1928. (V.C.H.): (Kelsall and Munn). 6. BUCKERSLEY 3 — (? offshoot of Sir T, H. C. Troubridge PITS Sowley). and C. Ingham). J. ELVETHAM 3 — 1925 (?) nr. T. L. Williams. HALL (2nd (March former site, colony) t2) VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 283
ENGLAND—co ntinued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Tears. Hampshire—continued. 8. BARTON, 2 (?) ± 12 c. 1916: Before c, 1900. J. F. Wynne. I.O.W. * slowly dying (Osborne out,' Estate) Herefordshire. 1. BERRINGTON 15 15-20 in 1884: 7 Immemorial. G. H. Treasure : (Bull): (April 20) in 1899 : 8-9 be- (V.C.H.) : (Bonnett). fore 1912 : ±2c, 1918. 2. NETHER ±8 — ? H. A. Gilbert: E. D. C. WOOD, Clark. HOLME LACEY 3. HAMPTON 5 2 in 1926 : o in ? Hon, R. C, Devereux, COURT (April 8) 1927. per H. A. Gilbert. Huntingdonshire. 1, HEMINGFORD 14 (Increased gradu- 1911 A. E. Lees. PARK (April 12) ally, 1911-28). 2. DIDDINGTON 3 (June 1) 2 in 1895 : incr. to 1895 : (has A. E. Lees. WOOD 18 in 1903 : de- shifted), clining since. Kent. r. HIGH 65+ 1 in 1900 : 16 before 1900 E. G. B. Meade-Waldo: HALSTOW (May 9) 1912 : ± 15-20 in G. J. Scholey: 1927, (Bonnett). 2. CHILHAM 51 80+ in 1857 : 70 in Before 1280-93. N. F. Richardson : Sir (March 1889: 70-110 an- E, Davis: W.Stephen 30) nually 1867-1906. Jones: E. G. B. Meade-Waldo : (Tice- hurst), 3. ASHENDEN, 18-22 4 at first: 7 ' a yr. c. 1914-18. N. F. Ticehurst : N. F. NR. (April 27) or 2 later.* Richardson. TENTERDEN 4. COBHAM ± 6 40-50 annually be- Immemorial: Earl of Darnley, per fore 1906 : ' has shifted 1859. E. G. B. Meade- graduallydwindled.' Waldo : (Ticehurst): (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.). 5. EASTWELL 1 1 in 1927. 1927. N. F. Richardson. PARK 6. THE MOTE, I — 1928. J. R. Hale. MAIDSTONE Lancashire. 1. HAMILTON 42 ± 12-14 c- 1872: c. 1800-1810 : H. L. Procter: (Hart- WOOD, NR. 25-30 c. 1885. shifted c. 20 ing, 1872): (Mitchell). LANCASTER (Fairly constant years ago. (formerly past 20 years.) Crane Wood) 2. HOLKER Moss, ±24 ±20 recently. — F. S. Chapman: A. E. CARK-IN- Wright. CARTMEL 3. CLAUGHTON, ± 20-25, 4-6 c. 1890: 'strong' Immemorial: Fitzherbert Brockholes, NR. previously: increas- shifted and per A. W. Boyd: GARSTANG ing since c. 1918. temporarily (Mitchell). ceased 1874- 1884. 4. SCARISBRICK 19 ± 24m 1872: 8-10 Immemorial. F. W. Holder and R. HALL (March- annually (c, 1890) : Wagstaffe: (Mitchell): April) ± 25-30 in c. (V.C.H.). 1906 : 9— in 1915. 5. RUSLAND ± 12. ± 8-10 annually Ancient: C. F. Archibald : (Mac- Moss, before 1890. shifted c, 1870 pherson). FURNESS & again more recently. 284 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Occupied nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous years. Lancashire—continued. • 6, THURLAND 7 — 'Not much A, A. Duncan; W. B. CASTLE, (May 12) more than 20 Alexander; TUNSTALL years.' Lees, 7, INGE 4 23 c, 1890: ± 20 Before c. 1863. J.Appleby: (V.C.H.). BLUNDELL (March- annually (igo6): HALL April) 3-4 up to 1926: 10 in 1927. 8, WARTON, NR, 2 1 in 1922 ; 2 in 1922. R. Blacoe and G. SJior- LYTHAM (April 12} 1923: 6 in 1926: rock, per A. W, Boyd. 1 in 1927. Leicestershire. 1. STAFLEFORP 11 ± 6c. 1840: 40-50 Immemorial. W. E. Mayes; (Mon- PARK in 1884 (May 5) : tagu Browne), up to 15 lately. Lincolnshire. 1. WILLUGHBY 42 — (None known Major Rawnsley, per WOOD (March before 1910.) J. S. Reeve. 24) 2. MUCKTON 34 20 before xgi2. Immemorial: J. S, Reeve and Major WOOD (March (app. inter- Rawnsley: (Bonnett) : 24) rupted, c, (Harting, 1872). 1870). 3. EVEDON 20 40c. 1884; average Immemorial. J. S. Reeve: (Zoo- WOOB, (March 30 since c. 1900 : legist, 1908) : (Yar- HAVBRHOLME 26) 18-20 in 1908. tell, 4th Ed.). 4. WHARTON 20 (April) 2 in 1912 or 1913 : 1912 or 1913. Sir H, B. Bacon, Bt,t WOOD 12-14 c, 1917-18 : per H. F. Allison. 6 in 1927, 5. OLD HAGG 18 20 formerly: ± 7 Immemorial: J. S. Reeve and C. F.G. WOOD, (March 29) in 1908 (March shifted c. Jarvis; (Bonnett): DODDINGTON* xo); 20 + in 1926. 1905-6. (Zoologist, 1908). 6. APPLEBY 13 12 -f- in I9<>8: ± Probably c. W. C. Brown, per 13 c, 1916-18, 1870-80, from H. F. Allison : (Zoo- Broughton logist, 1908). (Extinct). 7. GRANGE 2 2 at first: 5 c. 1925. c. 1918. J. J. Baldwin-Young, WOOD, (April 7) per J, S. Reeve. KINGERBY 8. ASWARBY 1 (May) ? ? Sir G. Whichcote, Bt., PARK, NR. per J. S. Reeve. SLEAFORD Monmouth. t, PWLLHEAD ± 15-16 (?) 9 between c, 1900- Prob. before A. Silver: H. J. WOOD-}- 1911 : 15-16 in 1900. Lovelock. 1916. 2. RAILWAY 7-8 8-10 usually. Immemorial. A. L, Tatham. WOOD, (April- LLANOVER. May) 3. TREDEGAR 4 db 10-12 till 1918: ? : shifted H. J. Lovelock. PARK, (Feb, 29) ± 6 since. 1918. NEWPORT Norfolk. 1, REEDHAM 94 ± 30 in 1894: ± *New'ini8g5: B. B. Riviere: (Modern 80-90 in 1901 & on ancient (Riviere): (Bonnett): colony) 1924: 86 c. 1911, site. (Zoologist, 1895 and 1905). a. ISLINGTON 70-80 ±60-1001910-24: Immemorial. B. B. Riviere: (Riviere). 80 in 1924. * Formerly SKELLINGTHORPE WOOD. f Certainly occupied 1928, but no satisfactory return. VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 285
ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Norfolk—continued. 3. BLACK DYKE 35-36 60-70 in 1924. 1882 B. B. Riviere: (Riviere>
4. KIMBERLEY 34 2 in 1868 : 30 in c. 1848. ,, ,, 1911 : ± 15 in 1924. 5. HOLKHAM 25-30 4 in 1872 : 33 in c. 1870. ,, „ 1879 : 14 in 1889 : 7 in 1890 : 26 in 1921 : 20 + in 1924. 6. MAUTBY HALL II 100- in 1882: 12 c. 1870-80 (?). „ ,, in 1887: o in 1903 : 1 in 1923 : 2 in 1924. 7. HOVETON 10-12 7 in 1921 : ± 12 in 1920. ,, ,, 1924. 8. MELTON 9 2 in 1903: usually Immemorial. ,, (Zoologist, 1904) HALL 15 recently. 9. RANWORTH 9 1 in 1911 : 4 in 1911, near for- ,, (Riviere). 1922 : ± 4 in mer site. 1924.
10. NARFORD 7 6 in 1911 : 10-15 in Before 1911 ,, M 1922 : n in 1924. (? from West- acre. — ex tinct). 11. BUCKENHAM 7 1 in 1914 & 1915 : 1914. ,, ,, 3 in 1920: 4 in 1921 : 5-6 in 1924. 12. GUNTON 6-8 31 in 1871 : 38 in Before 1870. B. B.Riviere:(Riviere); 1882: 19^1911: (Harting, 1872). ± 30 in 1924. 13. CATFIELD 3 4 in 1911 : 12 in c. 1906. B. B. Riviere: (Riviere). 1918 : 18 in 1921 : ± 8 in 1924. 14. FISHLEY, 3 1 in 1923-24. 1923. ,, ,, ACLE 15. HORNING 3 o in 1903: 2 c. Prob. before H. P. Hanham 1922-24. 1900. (Riviere). 16. STOKESBY 2 ' Small ' c. 1872: 8 Before 1870 : B. B. Riviere c. 1911. interrupted (Bonnett) : (Zoolo- lately. gist, 1872). 17. HICKLING 1 1 in 1927. 1927. B. B. Riviere : A. W. Boyd. 18. ELLINGHAM 1 Always 1. Before 1923. Miss F. K. Staunton F. C. R. Jourdain. 19. ROLLESBY 1 Usually 1 : some- 1903. B. B. Riviere times 2. (Riviere). Northamptonshire. 1. MILTON 135 1 or 3 at founda- Prob. 1819 : G. W. Fitzwilliam : PARK, (April 20) tion: ± 93 in has shifted. A. B. Baxter and E. S. PETER- 1887 (March 18): Bazlington : (Lilford). BOROUGH ± 120-150 in 1889 : 120 c. 1920. 2. ALTHORP 15 (April) 38 -f (?) in 1634: Befcre 1600. J. C. Harrison: (Lil- PARK 100 ? in 1842 : 10 ford) : (Bonnett). in 1889 (May 29): 6-7 c. 1911. 3 ALDWINCLE 11 (Odd nest nr. in 1914. A. G. Lascelles : (March 1896.) (Lilford). 25)
Z 286 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII.
ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Northamptonshire—continued, 4. ELTON PARK 4 4 in 1911 : 11 in 1907. D. Proby: J.Crisp. (April- 1912 : 14m X914 : May) 16 in 1919 : fewer since. 5. ASHBY a (May 25} ? ? R. M, Casey, ST. LEDGERS Northumberland. i. KEILDER ± 10-12 ± 3-4 c. 25 yrs. ago. ? /. Macdonald, per A. (scat- Chapman, tered) 2. NR. BELLING- (a) 7 I 5-10 annually. Before 1903. M. Portal: T. Robs oil. HAM (b) 2 (15 maximum, (a) Garrett Hott (b) Lee Hall 3. TYNE 7-10—- — — Mrs. C. Hodgkin. VALLEY ' 4. SWARLAND 6 (April- 11 in 1912, c, 1S90 (?), A. R. Robson, SPRING- May) WOOD 5. CATELEUGH, ;fc 5-6 (?) (Steady past 30 ? S. Dodd, per T. Rob- NR. yrs.) son. BABSWOOO 6. GREAT 4 — — M. Portal, TOSSON, ROTHBURY 7. * NR 3 (May 18) — c. 1914-18 (?). Mrs. C. Hodgkin. HARBOTTLE * 8. STYFORD 3 (March) — c. 191& or „ earlier. 9. CHILLINGHAM 1 Usually 60-100 be- Immemorial: Earl of Tankerville; forec. 1910: ±40 broken np c, (Naturalist, 1851): c. 1911 : some- 1915-18. (Bolam) : (Evans), times in 2 groups. Rotting ha msbtre. 1. STANFORD 30 35 in 1916; 17 in Immemorial: H. O. Peacock. HALL (March 1924. (Prob. before 13) c. 1830) but has shifted. 2. EAST STOKE 28-30 40-50^.1907:35-40 Immemorial. Miss F. K. Staunton: (March c. 1911. (Whitaker): (Bon- 28) nett). 3. COLWICK 14 12 c, 1911. Immemorial. H. E. Birks : (Sterland WOODS (March 1} and Whitaker): (Bon- nett): (Macgillivray). 4. SERLBY 7 (May) — Immemorial. F. B. Hawkins. PARK 5. CLUMBER 5 1 in 1926:2 in 1927. 1926 on former „ (2nd site, colony) 6. THORESBY 4 (May) 10-12 c. 1907. Prob. c. 1870. F. B. Hawkins: (Ster* PASK (2nd land and Whitaker). colony) Oxfordshire, 1. OTMOOR 19 ± 25 in 1920 & Prob. c. 1914- Oxford Orn. Soc-— (March- 1921 : 8 in 1923 & 19. B. W. Tucker: E, M. May) 1924. and B. D. Nicholson: G.O. R.Facey; Col. J. Buchan, M.P.: G» Tickner : (O.O.S. Re ports). VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 287 ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Shr opshlre. z. HALSTON, NR. ± 20. 150 c.' 60 yrs. ago': Immemorial. H. E. Forrest: J. H. OSWESTRY 12 before 1879: Owen : J. Jones : 50 + c. 20-30 yrs. (Forrest) : (V.C.H.) ago: 35 before 1907: 39 recently. 2. SUNDORNE, 10 c. 1908-10 : R. Walker, per H. E . NR. (March i) — (from Atting- Forrest. UFFINGTON ham-extinct). 3- ACTON POOL, 9 6-10 before 1912 : Immemorial: Lord Powis : H. Lynes WALCOT 50-60 till 1921. shifted 1921 and E. Edmonds : PARK and again c. C. H. Woodhouse : (formerly 1926-7. (V.C.H.): (Bonnett) : PLOWDEN ?) (Bull). Somerset. i. SOMERTON ± 100. ± 30 c. 1900 : ± Immemorial: B. W. Tucker : (Wigles- WOOD 40 c, 1908: shifted c.1878. worth). 75-80 in 1918 & 1926. 2. HALS WELL 52 (April) Few till c. 1880: 1856. B. W, Tucker : (Wigles- PARK 30-50 in 1883: worth). ± 80 c. 1893: 20-30 in 1901 : 21 in 1918. 3- BANWELL 31-34 ± 15 usually: Immemorial. B. W. Tucker : S. WOOD (April 13) 15-18 in 1927. Lewis : F. A. Bruton ; (antea, Vol. XXI., P- 257). 4- BROCKLEY 27-30 18 in 1901 : 10-12 Ancient. B. W. Tucker : L. A. PARK (April) c. 1908 & 1917. Hawkins : Bristol 17— in 1926. Naturalists' Society, per H. Tetley: S. Lewis : F. A. Bruton : (Wiglesworth). 5- SWELL 26 8-9 in 1922 : 3 + 1908 or earlier. C. J. Pring: B. W. WOOD, NR. ( March- in 1923 : oin 1924 : Tucker: H. Las- FIVEJCEAD April) 3 in 1926 : 12 in celles : S. Lewis : F. C . 1927. Drake. 6. ALLERS WOOD , ± 15. ± 10 c. 1872 : 7-8 Prob. before B. W. Tucker: F. NR. in 1908 : 9 in 1917: 1545 : shifted Goss: H. Campbell DULVERTON ± 15 in 1918. 1790, c. 1831 Thomson: (Wigles (formerly & 1891. worth) : (Zoologist, PIXTON) 1908) : (D'Urban and Mathew). 7. ICEHOUSE 14 (March- ±4111 1924 & 1925. Before 1924. S. Lewis and B. W. COPSE, NR. June) Tucker. S HAP WICK. 8. MARSTON 4-5 (Odd nest c. 1915.) c. 1925. B. W. Tucker: J. PARK (April 10) Snelgrove : Mrs. Bon- ham Christie. 9- EDINGTON 2 In 1927. (Discovered S. Lewis. 1927). 10. ' NR. 1 3 in 1923 : 1 usu Prob. 1922. Owner, per B. W. WlLLlTON ally. Tucker. ii. EXFORD 1 Invariably 1. Before 1917. B. W. Tucker : A. C. Came. Staffordshire. i. BAGOT'S 26 (May 8) 40-50 formerly : Ancient. J. R. B. Masefield : PARK 19 in 1893. H. V. Bamford: (V.C.H.). 2. ILAM HALL 13 4 in 1916 : 11 in c. 1912-16 (?) E. Grindey : J. R. B. (March- 1926 : 12 in 1927. from Consall Masefield. F. C. R. May 13) Jourdain. 288 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1938. Previous Tears. Staffordshire—continued. 3. GAILEY ±ia i in 1918. Before 1918 (?), A. W. Boyd : J. R. POOL B. Masefield, 4. AQUALATE ± 8-jo ' Divers nests ' in Ancient (before J. R. Morris, per H. E. MERE 1686: 40-50 for- 1686). Forrest: J. R. B. (formerly merly: ± 6 in Masefield: (Plot): NORBURY 1893 : o in 1893 & (V.C.H.). PARK) 1894: 2-3ini90l: » in 19x2. 5. WESTON ± 7-8 10 maximum: 4-5 1901 or 1902, H. G. O. Bridgeman: PARK C. 1911. from Patshull (Bonnett). (Extinct). 6. CONSALL 1 (May 4) 9 in igo2 : 10 in Immemorial. J. R. B. Masefield. WOOD 1904 (April): 7 in 1905 (March): 17 in 1908 (May): 15 in 1909 (May) : 14 in 1911 (May): 7 in 1912 (May): 5 in 1913 (May): 2-3 annually * » •• 1923-27. Suffolk. 1. NR. NACTON— ± 50 70 c. 1911: 12-15 c. 1900 from Rt. Hon. E. G. Prety- BRIDGE (March) in 1926. Orwell Park man: C. B. Tice- WOOD, (Extinct). hurst: T. G. Powell : ROBERTS' (Bonnett). GROVE & GOLDSMITH'S COVERT 2. BLACKHEATH 33 (May) ± 200 in 1871 : 2 Immemorial. Mrs. E. Clodd: Mrs. in 1902 : increas- M. Vernon Went- fag since 1908-10, worth: (Zoologist, 1872). 3. WALBERS- ±33 ± 6in 1872 : 6-7in Prior to 1873: C. E. Alford : F. C. WICK- (April- 1894: 6 in 1902: from Blyth- Cook: E. Cooper: BLYTH- May) 30 in 1926. burgh Lodge P. A. Buxton : C. B. BURGH (?): (Extinct). Ticehurst : F. C. R. (including Jourdain: (Zoologist, offshoot) 1872). 4. FUXTON 19 7 in 1884 : 16 in 1884. Miss F. K. Staunton : PARK (March) i§o3: 17 in 1908: C. B. Ticehurst: 16-20 in 1926. F. C. R. Jourdain : (Zoologist, 1885). 5. BROMESWELL 14-16 i-f- in 1919: 6-8 1919 from roo- C. H. Roper: C. E. HEATS (April) in 1920: 10-12 in acre Wood Baker: B. J. Ring- 1926. (Extinct). rose : C. B. Tice hurst : Anon., per Mrs. E. Clodd. 6. BRANTHAM X2-16 6-8 in 1925: in- 1918-19, Lady Owen-Mackenzie, COURT creasing since. per F. E. Buckland and E. M. Nicholson. 7. BENACRE 6 (April) 2 in 1921 & 1922 : 2 Prob. c. 1918. Miss F. K. Staunton. in 1923 : 4 in 1924 & 1927. 8. HEMLEY 3-4 (May) 3-4 c. 1924-25. — T. G. Powell. HALL WOOD 9. NR. BORLEY Z — 1928. A. Silver. (Suffolk Bank) Surrey. 1. RICHMOND ±30 1 in 1880: 'scat- c. 1880: has J. Rudge Harding— PARK (March- tered nests ' in shifted. London N.H.S.: (Zoo- (Sidmouth May) 1884: 13-14 in logist, 1909): (Yar- & Pond 1890: 40 + in rell, 4th Ed.): (Bon- Plantations) 1909: 30-40 c. nett). 1911. VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 289 ENGLAND—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Tears. Surrey—continued. 2. BURWOOD 20 + ±30 c. 1925-6. Probably from Miss C. Molony, per PARK, (May) Ashley (Ex- Mrs. H. M. Rait Kerr: HSRSHAM tinct). A.Ezra: P. A. Buxton; per B. W. Tucker. 3. WINDSOR 15-16 (in ± 10 c. 1900. Immemorial. H. F. Witherby: PARK 4 groups) A. Mayal]: (V. C. H. (VIRGINIA Berks.): (Yarrell, WATER) 1st Ed.). 4. WAVERLEY (a) 1 ± 18 in 1892: Immemorial. Mrs. L. E. Taylor: (6) o ± 11 in 1913. W. A. Shaw: (Bucknill). 5. BETCHWORTH Prob. 1 — — F. Jenkins. Sussex. 1. ALDERSHAW, 103-109 ± 400 c. 1840: ± Immemorial D. D. Godfrey and BECKLEY (April 6) 200 in 1870 & (?beforei2g7): E. F. Wood: N. F. 1886 : 15 in 1896 : shifted c. 1840 Ticehurst: A. N. ± 40 in 1905 : & 1892-6 Holmes: J. R. Hale : ± no in 1909: (incl.). F. Bonnett : (Borrer) : 100— in 1926 : (Zoologist, 1896). ± 80 in 1927. 2. PARHAM 58 117 in 1872 (April c. 1832 from E. Dean: A. S. D. (April 11- 15): 100 in 1876 Michelgrove Smith: (Borrer): May 7) (May): ±90-120 (Extinct). (V.C.H.) : (Knox). c. 1870-77: 30 ± in 1901: 49 in 1923. 3. GOODWOOD (a) 52 'Considerable' c. 1879-80 : nr. S.D. & G. O. R. Facey : (formerly (March- 1890: 15-20 in ancient site: W. D. Shaw: R. MOLECOMB) April) 1924: 44 in 1926 shifted Carlyon Britton : (b) 1 (March 19). by 1927. C. Smeed : (Borrer). 4. WINDMILL 46-48 150 temp, Eliza- Before 1600: D. D. Godfrey and HILL (April 9) beth. : 'small' c. shifted (? E. F. Wood: N. F. 1850: 50in 1879: date) & again Ticehurst: (Borrer): 25-35 c. 1900-07. c. i860. (Yarrell, 4th Ed.) : (Naturalist, 1851). 3. ERIDGE 8 1 at foundation: c. 1890. R. Ware. PARK (March- ± 8 past 20 yrs. June) Warwickshire. 1. WARWICK 26 ± 80 c. 1850: Immemorial. P. K. Chance: L.F.J. PARK (April- 'much reduced' Phelps: (Macgilli- May) c. 1900: now in- t vray) : (V.C.H.): creasing. * (Yarrell, 1st Ed.). 2. COMBE 19 ± 20 since c. 1904. Immemorial: H. G. Wagstaff, per ABBEY (April- began shifting R. Hudson : P. K. (scattered) June ?) 1924. Chance: (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.). 3. RAGLEY 10 ± 50 c. 1872 : Immemorial: P. K. Chance: R. PARK, NR. (May 5) 'small' c. 1903: shifted c. Hudson: (Harting, ALCESTER 12-14 ' some yrs. 1911-12. 1872) : (V.C.H.). back.' 4. STANFORD ± 7 (per- — c. 1923. R. M. Carey. PARK mission to visit not granted). 5. HOLBROOK 1 (June 12) 1 annually except c. 1924. ,, GRANGE, 1926. LONG LAWFORD Westmorland. 1. DALLAM 29 n c. 1817 : up to Ancient: J. Mashiter: J. Wat- TOWER (May 12) 32 mid.-igth cent.: shifted 1775. son: (Gough). 27 in 1877 (April): 16-30 for past 50 yrs.: 26 in 1927. 2. ELTERWATER 4 1 c. 1918-19: 3-6 c. 1918-19 : A. Astley. since. once shifted temporarily. 290 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Oeoupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Wiltshire. i, FONTHILI. 14-18 8-12 in 1887: 'al- Immemorial. M. W. Willson: J. F. HOUSE (April) ways steady last Wynne: (Smith). 40-50 years.' 2. BRADFORD 13 2 in 1916; 5 irt 1916. J. Penrose. WOOD (March- 1927. April) 3. SAVERNAKE (a) 10 (3)4 in 1883:10 +c. Fron Bedwyn (a) W. D. Shaw: C. FOREST (March & 1884-6: 6 ini887: Brails (Ex- Lee: (Smith). May) 4-6 1895-1906: 5 tinct) 1882-3: in 19*6 : 20—• in shifted c, i92lori922: S-9 1886: again -f- in 1926. temporarily 1926-7. (b) I (4) — (») 1928 (?), (6) P. K. Chance: (April- C. R. M. F. Cruttwill, May) per E. M. Nicholson. 4. Bowoon ± 10 ± 12-20 some yrs. Immemorial. Lord Lansdawne, per PARK before 1852 : ± W. D. Shaw: J. H. 20 c, 1872 : '40-60 Clark : (Smith) : formerly' (1887): (Naturalist, 1852): 15 in 1887 : 3 in (Harting, 1872). 1927. 5. COMPTON 3-4 Always n-15 c. Immemorial. C. Penruddocke, per PARK 1837-1887: 12 in M. W. Willson: 1887. (Smith). 6. LONGLEAT 3 i-a always till Ancient S. Lewis: (Smith): (April 24) 1852 : later up to (Harting 1872.). 20-30: 10-15 c. 1887: 'nevermore than 4 ' recently. 7. SOHERHAM 1 1 annually. 1925 or earlier. J. H. Clark. BROOK (April) Worcestershire. 1. WESTWOOD 23 + 3-4 at first: ± 16 c. 1911 (?) on H. G. Alexander. PARK, (May 17) (?) till after 1921: * former site. DROITWICH incr. since. Yorkshire. 1. WASSAND, 21 r in 1881: ± 10 in rS8i (?) from E. W. Wade: W. H, HORNSEA (April 14) 1887: r2 in 1893: Place Newton St. Quintin: (Wade). MERE 13 in 1895 : 18 in (Extinct). 1904: 16 in 1903 : 33 in 1912 : 37 in 192X. 2. LORD WOOD, 17 20 in 1881: 17 in Ancient: H.B.Booth : (Nelson). FLASBY (Feb.- 1905, shifted 1865: June) and again c. 1915? 3. STILLING- 16 ± 50 c. 1884: Before 1883. W. Hiscock: (Nelson). FL-EET= 10-12 in 1892: MOREBY OR 8-9 c. 1906 : 36 in MORBY PARK 1912: 12 in 1927. 4. HAHEWOOD 15 ± 20-30 in 1866: Immemorial: R. Fortune: (Nelson). PARK 7 in X902: 5 in has shifted. 1903 : 18 in 1927, 5. GH-LING 10-12 17-20 formerly: ± Immemorial. Capt. Hunter: J. Eng- BIG WOOD 10(1,1904: 12-15 land: (Bonnett). c. igit. 6. PARK GHYLL 8-9 17 in 1906: de- After 1890 H. B. Booth: F. Han- (formerly (May) creasing since from Harrop son: S, Crook: R. GISBURN 1913. Hall (Extinct): Butterfteld: (Nelson). PARK) has shifted. 7. SCAMPSTON s-9 ± 8 c. 1906: re- c. 1903 from W. H. St. Quintin. PARK, SE. (May 17 cently 6-8 anmi- Red Carr (Ex- MALTON ally except c. tinct). 1915-18, when 20 + . VOL. xxii] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXISTING. 291
E NG L A N D—continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Yorkshire—continued, 8. HOLMESCAR S 6 in 1927. Immemorial. G. B. Sheffner: F. B. WOOD, (April 16) Hawkins. ROSSINGTOM 9. KIRK GILL, 7~8 — 1914, H. B, Booth. HUBBER- (April) HOLME 10. HEALAUGH 4-5 1 c. 1920. c, 1920. Sir E. Brooksbank. 11. GRASS 2-3 — 1928, R. Butterfield, per WOODS, NR. H. B. Booth. GRASSINGTON 12. BOLTON I 1 in 1926 & 1927, 1926. H. B, Booth. ABBEY [13. ELVINGTON AH particulars and permission for observation R. Fortune.] WOOJD refused by owner,
WALES. Anglesey. 1. TRE-JOSWERTHO*) 4 ±8 before 1907: (a) 1876. Kennedy Orton: (Feb.-May 20 c. 1907; 10 in (b) c. 1918, (Forrest). (6) 2 , 1927. prob. from Plas Trega- ion (Extinct). 2. CADNANT 3 12-20 before 1907: ? W. Aspden: Kennedy ISLAND (April 8) 40 in 1910: 5 in Orton: (Forrest): (* CRAIG-Y- 19*3 : 12-14 *n (Forrest, 1919). DON ' 1927. erroneously) Breconshire. 1. VENNY FACH 12-15 (?) — — Barr Phillips, per J. WOOD, NR. Lloyd and Sir C. BRECON Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. 2. CWRT-Y- 8 (May 7) (? 1 c. 1919.) Immemorial, A. L. Tatham: Miss GOLLEN, B. Ware. NR. CRICK- HOWELL* 3. GLANWYE, 8 2 in 1925 ; 4 in 1924, nr. for- H. Trevor. NR. BUILTH 1926: 71111927. mer site. 4. GILESTONE, 6 (?) — ? Barr Phillips, per J. NR. From Buck- Lloyd and Sir C. TALYBONT land Venables-Llewelyn, Bt, STATION 5. WERNVIGAN 6 (?) ± 6c. 1884: * never Immemorial. Ditto ditto FARM, beyond 6 ' (1899). (Yarrell, 4th Ed.) : SENNY- (Cambridge Phillips). BRIDGE 6. ASHFORD 2 — — Barr Phillips, per JL Lloyd and Sir C. Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. Caernarvonshire. 1, PENRHYN (a) 5 %2 -f- c, 1911: * v. Immemorial. W. Aspden: (ZOO- PARK, (March- few/ 1912: 15-20 logist,i9i2) r(Forrest). BANGOR April) before c. 1919. (1919) : (Bonnett). (b) 12 2. VAYNOL 14 4-6 before 1912: 4 Immemorial W. Aspden: Kennedy PARK (March- in 1927. (before£.1882) Orton: (Bonnett). May) 3. ABERDUNANT 5 15 before 1907: 1875. Kennedy Orton: (March- ' 10-12 formerly.' (Forrest). May) 4, NANHQRON 3 (May 9) 4 in 1927 : 5 maxi- c, 1916 : (1 in Kennedy Orton: PARK mum. 1908 & 1909). (Forrest, 1919). •Otherwise spelt COURT-Y-GOLLEN, COED-Y-GELLY, or GLANGRWYNEY. 292 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII.
WALES—continued Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Caernarvonshire—continued, 5. BROOSIHALL, («) 2 1 ± 15-20 c, 1902 : j" (a) Immemorial. Kennedy Orion; NR. (March & I 10 * a few years,! (Zoologist, 1903). PWLLHELI May) f back.' ] (&) o J I (b) Recent. 6. YSTUMLLYN 2 — 1927 (?}. Kennedy Orton. (May 12) 7. GLYNLLIFON 1 ±4 before 1920. c. 1908 or ear- „ „ PARK (April 24) her. •Cardigan. 1. LLANLT.YR, 18 + ± 10 c. 60 yrs. ago. Ancient. Mrs. G. M. Douglas; NR. TALSARN (May 5) W. Miall Jones. 2. HIGHMEAD, (a) 9-11. 30-35 before 1886; Prob. before H, Davies-Evans. LLANBYTHER (b) o (a) 2-3 c. 1887-90: i75»: shifted (c) o increasing sincev c. 1887, 1913: (b) 8c (c) 1 for some yrs. 3. LLIDIARDAN, 3 6-7 annually till Immemorial- W. Miall Jones LLANILAR 1925 : 3 in 1926. G. C. S, Ingram. Carmarthen. r. LLANMILOE, 20 ± 30 before 1894: Immemorial. Morgan Jones, per PENBINE (April) usually 6-9, Miss E. Falkener: D. E, Stephens: (Mathew). ?. ABERGLASNEY ± 9 (?) — Immemorial. H. M, Fraser. (GOLDEN (March & GROVE) June) 3. NEUADD FAWR 8 ± 50 c. 1884, Immemorial: I. E. Campbell-Davys : shifted 1928. (Yairell, 4th Ed.) ; (Cambridge Phillips). 4. CASTELL- 1-2 (?) Always 1-2, — J. W. Buckley, per GOIFOD, H. M. Fraser. ST. CLEARS Oc eupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Years. Montgomery. i. THE FRON, 14-15 c. 1900 (?): J. M. Naylor and Col. LEIGHTON — shifted c. Price-Davies, per (formerly 1916. H. E. Forrest. GREENWOOD) 2. LLYN EBYR, 3 Always 2-3. . 1914. /. R. Morris, per Ll.ANIDI.OES H. E. Forrest, Pembrokeshire. i. SLEBECH ± IO-I2, — From Poyntz B. Lloyd and C. Old PARK Castle (Ex ham : (Mathew). tinct). 2, LLWYN JO + ? B. Lloyd and C. Old GWAIR (early — ham : H. M. Fraser. June) 3. SOLVA 1-3 6-8 in 1926, ? W. A. S. Lewis: B. (April- Lloyd and C. Oldham: June) G. C. S. Ingram. 4. FORTH LISKY I — ? Mrs. H. Boyd Watt. Radnorshire. i. PENYBONT (*) 3 3 in 1927. (a) Immemorial, P. E. A. Morshead : ( = R. Ithon (April- Sir C. Venables- of Bonnett ?) May) Llewelyn, Bt.: W. J. (6) ! (i) 1928. Constable: J. Hamer: (Bonnett ?). 2. BRYNDRAE- 3 10 in 1923 : maxi 1916 (?). 0. R. Owen: H. A. NOG WOOD, (March- mum. Gilbert. BEGNILBY, April) NR.KNIGHTON 3. WAINDDU I — Immemorial. P. E. A. Morshead. COMMON, NR. (April- PENYBONT May) IRELAND. Co. Down. I. CASTLEWARD, 23 _ Immemorial. Lord Bangor, per Hon. STRANGFORD C. Mulholland. 2. MOUNT STEW 20 — Shifted 1916. W. A. Miller, per Hon. ART, NEW- (April) C. Mulholland. TOWNARDS 3. MOURNE PARK , («) 5 (a) 5-7 since 1920 : <*) ? Earl of Kilmorey, per KlLKEEI, (mid-May) Hon. C. Mulholland. (6) o (b) 2 annually till Co. Dublin. i. RATHFARNHAM! 2 — Immemorial. P. G. Kennedy. CASTLE (Feb,- April) Co. Mayo.* i. CLAGGAN 30-35 ± 70 a few years Immemorial. R. F. Ruttledge. WOOD, NR. (May 9) ago. ACHIIX 2. LOUGH CARRA, 18 — * Some years. „ GLENEARY (June 2) at any rate.' ISLAND , * The observer, instead of conforming with the somewhat arbitrary county boundary, has included the Lough Mask heronries in co. Mayo and ignored Lough Corrib, which is mostly in co. Galway. In this we have necessarily followed him, but have shown in square brackets, the sites—the existing and the extinct—which are actually across the co. Galway boundary. 294 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. IRELAND-"-continued. Occupied Nests. Founded. Authority. 1928. Previous Tears. Co. Kayo—continued. 3. INNISHDAFF, IO — Since e. 1908. R. F. Ruttledge. NEWPORT (May 8) BAY 4. WESTPORT 9 Slight decrease Prob. ancient. (April 25) 5. SAINT'S 8 — 1925 or 1926. „ ISLAND, (May 12) L. MASK 6. CORTOON, 7 — Immemorial: „ KILLALA (April 30) (before c. 1850). 7. OWNMORE, — Immemorial: „ CROSS- has shifted. MOLLINA (a) Lecarrow- (a) 5 waddy Wood (April 28) (i) Callow- (6) 1 hill Wood (c) Calf (c) 1 Park Wood 8. TAWNYARD 6-8 — Prob. ancient. LOUGH (May 2} [9. GLANTREAGUE 6 — Immemorial. ., ISLAND, (May 2} L. MASK 10, WILFOKD 6 — Immemorial. WOOD, (May 2) NEWPORT xr, ATTORVALLY 5 — Immemorial. „ ISLAND, (May 29) L.CARROW- MORE 12. BALLINAMORE 5 — Has shifted. „ HOUSE, (May 13) KlLTAMAGH 13. BALLINDINE 5 Decreasing Prob. ancient: „ WOOD, (May 20) shifted lately. CASTLE MAC- GARRETT 14. GLENDARARY 5 — After 1870. » WOOD, (May 27) ACHILL . 15. NEWPORT 3 14 c. 20 years ago. Immemorial: R. F. Ruttledge: HOUSE (April 29) has shifted. (Naturalist, 1851). 16. BALLINAFORD 2 (May) Up to 6 till a few Immemorial: R. F. Ruttledge. HOUSE, NR. years ago. deserted 2-3 BALLA years lately: has shifted. 17. BREAGHY, 2 (May) — c. X922-3: „ CASTLEBAR shifts often. 18. FIN LOUGH, 2 2 annually. ? » NR. LSENAUN 19. LOUGH I (?) 2 till 1927. ? >. MOHER, NR. (May 2) WESTPORT There were no occupied nests during 1928 in:— [CAMBRIDGESHIRE teste W. H. Thompson, Miss E. L. Turner, Mrs. H. M. Rait Kerr, A. H. Evans and /. C. F. Fryer, per E. M. Nicholson. HERTFORDSHIRE „ C. Oldham, W. Bickerton and J. C. F. Fryer, per E. M. Nicholson. LONDON \ London Natural History Society, per H. A. Littlejohn. MIDDLESEX/ " RUTLAND ... „ J. R. B. Masefleld. -1 FLINTSHIRE ... „ H. E. Forrest and W. M. Congreve. j ISLE OF MAN ... „ P. G. Ralfe. J VOL. xxn ] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 295 SITES VACANT AND EXTINCT. ENGLAND. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Bedfordshire. 3. SANDY 2 in 1901 & 1907: c. 1916-17. 1890 or M. E. A. Da vies: J. (1st colony) 3-4 in 1910: 3 in earlier. Steele Elliot: (V.C.H.). 1911 : ± 8 in 1914- 4. PAVENHAM 2 in 1920 (May): 1923 (? to 1919. J. Steele Elliot: H. W. BURY more in 1921 : FordHouse, Finlinson : W. and B. F. 2-3 in 1923. Berkshire. 4. HINTON ± 15 in 1916 : 20 1925. 1908. Oxford Ornith. Soc. WALDRIST in 1918: ± 20 in F. C. R. Jourdain, E. M. 1919: 15 in 1924. Nicholson: S. D. Facey, B. W. Tucker, B, D. Nicholson, E. C. Clark: (O.O.S. Reports). 5. NR. KINGSTON I prior to 1922. — — F. C, R. Jourdain. BAGPUIZE 6. READiNG(near: No first-hand evi- — — (Naturalist, 1851): (Clark additional to dence for existence Kennedy): (Morris). Coley Park) of this heronry: probably a bad re- *• cord. -* Buckinghamshire. 5. HARLEYFORD 40 -f- in 1866: ^24-5. Imme- R. H. Deane (London: MANOR ± 10-12 formerly: memorial. Natural History Society): ± 2-3 c. 1900 : Lady Clayton, per Sir T. very few (1904). Troubridge and G. Sher wood : C. E. Stubbs, perjF. C. R. Jourdain : (V.C.H.): (Zoologist,i873and 1904). 6. GAYHURST 7 (?) in rg2i 1927. Ancient: H. L. Cochrane. WOOD & (April): 20-25 shifted. LONGLAND formerly. WOOD, NEWPORT PAGNELL 7. DINTON 1 c. 1912 or 1913. — — (Hartert & Jourdain). Cambridgeshire. r. CHIPPENHAM PARK (a) 1st colony (a) ± 20. (a) 1903. (a) Before (a) (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.): 1856. (Bonnett). (6) 2nd colony (6) 1-2 c. 1911. (6) c. (6) 1911. (b) Mrs. H. M. Rait Kerr: 1914-18. (Bonnett) : W. H. Thompson. 2. FORTREY HALL, — Before — {Late) A. Fryer, per A. H.' MEPAL 1885. Evans. 3. CHATTERIS, NR. ± 6. c. 1918. — /. C. F. Fryer, per E. M. ELY Nicholson 296 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year ol Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Cheshire. 6. HOOTON HALL o in 1870-73; 6 in c, 1891. Before J. A. Pownall: {Yarrell, 1874: ±201880- 1843. 1st Ed.); (Coward and go. Oldham). 7. BURTON-GN- ± 20 c. 1867 : 2 + 1880. i857. J. A. Pownall: (Coward DEE in 1874. and Oldham). 8. COMBERMEKE — c, 1850. -— (Coward and Oldhara): (ist colony) (Yarrell, ist Ed.). 9. ASTON HALL, ± 20 annually, 1890, Before Warrington Field Club— FRODSHAM falling to ± 12 in 1825. F.C.Dale: (Coward and 1888. Oldham). 10. Hoo MOOR, — Vacant — /. Armitage, per A. W, GOYT VALLEY 1928. Boyd. 11. REDESMERE, r * pre-war *: 2 in — — F. A. Montague, per E,M. SIBDINCTON 1902. Nicholson: R. M. Gar- nett, per A. W. Boyd: (Coward). 12. OULTON — c. 1850. Before (Yarrell, ist Ed.): PARK 1842. (Coward and Oldham). 13. DUNHAM —- 1833 to ? (Yarrell, ist Ed.): MASSEY PARK Tatton. (Coward and Oldham), 14. TATTON MERE — c, 1834-5 c- ^33-4 (Coward and Oldham). to Arley. from D. Massey. 15. ARLEY — c. 1850. c. 1834-5. (Coward and Oldham): (?=ARDLEY from Tat- (Yarrell, ist Ed.). HALL) ton 16. BAGMERE App. none now. -—• Before 1912 A. W. Boyd: (Bonnett). 17. TAXAL 2-2 — — (Coward). Cornwall. 10. WARREN — 1021. to — F. W. Dewhurst. POINT, NR. Sheviock. ANTONY ir. SHEVIOCK 3 in 1873. ? c. 1872. (Zoologist, 1873). WOOD (ist colony) 12. PRIDEAUX — Before — C. R. Prideaux-Brune: PLACE, 1880. V. C. Wynne-Edwards; PADSTOW F. A. Montague, per E. M. Nicholson. 13. * 1 MILE EAST 1 No inf., 1927. G. A. Garceau. OF WADE- 1928. BRIDGE' 14. BONALLACH 3 Before — W. H. Thompson. BARTON, 1928. HELFORD RIVER 15. LAMORRAN — (None Before G. H. Harvey: Miss RIVER traced) 1870. K. M. Skinner: (Yarrell, 4th Ed.): (Zoologist, 1870). 16. NR. FOWEY -- — Before (Yarrell, 4th Ed.). (?- St. 1884. Winnow ?) 17. BICTON MILL, I (?), Some years (Record W, H. Paynter. R. LYNHES ago. uncertain.) [18. MILLTOWN, NR. — (None — F. W. Dewhurst. "1 LOSTWITHIEL found.) J (alleged) J VOL. xxn] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 297 E NG L A N D—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority, No, of Nests. Desertion, Cumberland. 19. WYTHORP Large (60}: 40-50 c, 1914-18. Imrae- R. H. Brown: S. D. WOODS, C. 1872. memorial. Stanley-Dodgson: (Mac- BASSENTH- pberson and Duckworth): WAITE (Harting): (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.): (Bonnett). 20. NR. GREEN Usually a few: 192? (?}, — Viscount Cross, ROAD RAIL- none 1928. WAY STATION 21. BROADGATE Large. — — „ (traditional) 22. PAPER MILL A few, 1927 (?). — S. D. Stanley-Dodgson, PLANTATION, COCKERMOUTH 23. LORTON HALL 1-4. 1927. c. 1908. „ „ „ 24. COOMBE WOOD, 6 in 1902 & 1906. 1927 or Before c, E. Blezprd : L. E. Hope. ARMATHWAITE earlier. 1S90. 25. BRAEMAR Average (c. 1904- 1914. — J. Sewell. WOOD, 14) 12. ENNERDALE 26. * DERWENT- {? predecessor of (Within —- G. Botam. WATER * Manesty.) memory.) 27. STAFFORD 16 Pre-war. ? from Mrs. F, Leyborne Pop- WOOD, NR. Eamont ? bam. GREYSTOKE (Distinct from No. 16) 28. GOWBARROW,or ~ — Ancient. (Yarrell, 1st Ed.): GOBAY PARK, (Latham). ULLSWATER 29. EAMONT RIVER, — — ? from (Macpherson and Duck- NR. last ? worth); (Yarrell, 4th ULLSWATER Ed.). Derbyshire. 2. EATON WOOD, Usually 3-4 c Most de- Imrne- A. Roebuck; (V.C.H.). NR. 1890-1921. serted at morial DOVERIDGE felling c. 1890 : some stayed till 1921. 3. KEDLESTON 1 c. 1876:c. 20 in 1927. c, 1876. A. Roebuck: F. C. R. PARK, NR, April, 1884: c. 6 Jotirdaim(V,C.H.) ; (Yar- DERBY about 1893: c. 15 in rell, 4thEd.): (Whitlock). 1901 : usually 4 1902-25: 3 in 1926: 1 in 1927. 4. LONGFORD 1-2 in 1902-3: 2-4 (a) 1920. Prob. c, A. Roebuck: F. C( R. CARE (2 sites) up to 1920: 1-2 (&) 1926. 1900. Jourdain. up toe. 1924-5 : * in 1926, 5. HADDON HALL, Odd nests from ' None in ? A. Roebuck. NR. BAKEWELL time to time. recent yrs.' 6. HOPE VALLEY Odd pairs. — — 7. HOPTON HALL, I pair regularly. 1922. ? „ NR, WlRKSWORTH 8. SUTTON C. 20 in April, 1884. Before Imme- (Whitlock): (Yarrell, 4th SCARSDALE, 1893. morial. Ed.). NR. CHESTERFIELD 9. SHACKLOW, NR, 2-3 in 1925. 1925 or 1925. W. Shipton. ASHFORD 1926. 298 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGX< A ND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Derbyshire—continued 10. CLIFTON I in 1898 or 1899, •— — F, C. R. Jourdain. Devon. 13. KITLEY — Before 1918 — V. C. Wynne-Edwards. to Puslinch. 19. DITSWORTHY 1 in 1925. — — „ „ WARREN, R. PLYM 20 SLAPTON LEY 1 c. 1918. None now. — Miss A. M. Allen, per B. W. Tucker: V. C. Wynne-Edwards. 21. KINGSWOOD, Several? None now. — H. Whitley. BISHOP- STEYNTON 22. PRIMLEY, I ' a few yrs. ago.' — — PAIGNTON 23. POWDERHAM ± 40-50. 1910 to Ancient. W. Walmesley White. CASTLE Starcross. 24. COFTON, 14. Before — DAWLISH 1870. 25. SHUTE, NR. — 1-850 toStett Ancient W. Walmesley White. AXMINSTER combe. (?). 26 WOODS NR. 'Single pairs. After 1872. Before (Naturalist, 1851): TOTNES 1851. (Harttag, 1872). 27. WOOD OPP. ? offshoot of Hall- ,, — (Harting, 1872). ILTON CASTLE well (q.v,). Dorset. 5. BRANKSEA ± 50 c. 1855. c. 1855. Before (BlathwaytJ. ISLAND 1834. 6. DEWLISH — Before — (Naturalist, 1851): 1850. (Blathwayt). 7. ADMISTON Small' (1851). Before c. ? from (Naturalist, 1851): HALL 1888. Dewlish. (Blathwayt). 8. UPTON, NR. — „ — (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.): WIMBORNE (Blathwayt). 9. DUDDLE 2-3 c. 1888: 20 + 1918. Before (Blathwayt)): (Mansel- HEATH, formerly: ± I2 C. 1878: Pleydell). FORDINGTON 1915. shifted c. 1915. 10. MORETON A few." 1918. 1915. (Blathwayt). PLANTATION 11. BRYANSTON — c. 1885. Before (Naturalist, 1851): PARK 1851. (Blathwayt.) 12. ST. GILES (? offshoot of — Before (Blathwayt): (Mansel- PARK Crichel.) 1888. Pleydell). 13. GOATHORN (or A few." ? Before (Mansel-Pleydell): GOATKAM) 1888. (Blathwayt). WOOD Durham. 2. RAVENSWORTH — c. 1850-55. Ancient. Bentley Beetham: (Yar- CASTLE rell, 1st Ed.): (Macpher- son). 3. SANDS HALL, — Probably be- — Bentley Beetham: SEDGEFIELD tween c, (V.C.H.): (Naturalist, 1840 and 185a). 1852.- VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 299 ENGLAND—continued,. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Essex. lil t 7. HERONRY 100 -f- cr 1S40 or 1872 ; (2nd W. E. Glegg: {Miller WOOD, earlier: ± 30 in time) 1893. Christy), BRIGHTLINGSEA X870 ; 15-1S in W. E. Glegg. (parent of 1871. St. Osyth & Birch) 8. (LORD DACRE'S (Presumably Before (Hasted.Historyof Kent): PARK), large). 1768. (Miller Christy). AVELEY 9. MUNEON (origi 1 c. 18S0; 3 c. Before 1880 Hampshire. 9. " THE Never any nests _ F. W, Hornsby. per HERONRY," here. M. Portal. HURSTBOURNE 10, DEERLEAP 1 only c. 20 years R. E. Coles. ENCLOSURE, ago. COLBURY ir. OLD BURLEY — To next. ? (Wise.) WOOD 12. WOODFIDLEY — „ ? „ 13, DENNY WOOD c. 1855 (?) ? (Morris): (Wise). _ to next. 14, VINNEY RIDGE 50 4- ini86i: 2 in 1924. c 1855 (?) R.E.Coles: H.F.Witherby 1890:3-41111895: shifted c. (V.C.H.) : (Relsall and 8-9 in 1895: ±6f, 1895. Munn): (Wise). 1901: 4-5 in 1904: 1 till 1924. 15, BOLDREWOOD Small. Before c. 1850 (?) 1860. 16. 'NR. 3 in 1901. 1901 or 1898 or (Kelsall & Munn). LONGPARISH later. earlier. 17. PARKHURST 3-4. Extant » it FOREST 1888. (I.O.W.) 300 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Tear of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Hampsh.. 3—continued. 18. HERON COURT Occasional odd Probably Probably Lord Malmesbury, per Sir nests recently: before c. ancient, T. H. C, Troubridge: once large. 184.0, (Naturalist, 1S51). 19. MOTTISFONT ± 3-13 c. 1900. Some years — G. Edwards, per Sir ago, T. H. C. Troubridge: C. T. Dalgety: E, Raw- Unce, per L. Hiaxman, 20. WOLMER 8-10 in 1872: ± 1917. c, 1868. Lord Selborne, per M. FOREST 20 c. 1897. Porfal: (Kelsall and Munn); (Harting, 1872). 21. ELVETHAM 4-5 for some years. 1916. ? T. L. Williams: J. (1st colony) Budge Harding. 22. SIM'S WOOD, — Late XIX. — R. E. Coles: (KelsatI and BEAULIEU century. Munn). 23. r MILE FROM A few: 1 year Before — Miss E. M, Williams, per WINCHESTER only. 1900. E. M. Nicholson. 24. BROOM WOOD, 2-3 c. 30 years — Offshoot M. Portal. SWANMORE ago. of Wick- ham (?) 25. OTTERBOORNE (a) Shawford — None now. Extant R. Roundell, per M. Park 1888-89. Portal (6) Cranbury — Formerly. — Miss E. M. Williams, per E. M, Nicholson. 26. BEMBRIDGE, 1 for several years. . ? 1920 (?). J. M. Goodall. I.O.W. 27. ALRESFORD — No heronry — -—— Schwerdt and H."| [ Brownlow, per M, PortaLJ Herefordshire. 4. GOODRICH 1-2. 1926-7, — R. Pashley. 5. CASTLE GREEN, 6 in 1899: ,8 in 1912. ? H.A.Gilbert: (V.C.H.) BREDWAEDINE 19**. G. Powell, per Sir C. (MOCCAS) Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. 6. BURFA WOOD, 4 in 1899. ( NR. KKILL I Long ago. — E. D, C, Clark : (V.C.H.). 7. GARDEN WOOD, 3 m 1899. EYWOOD i 8. HAWKSWOOD, Very large up to c. 1863, Imme- (Bull): (Naturalist,1851) THE MOOR, 1852 : ± 12 ia memorial. (Yarrell, 4th Ed.). NR. HAY 1856: 1 in 1862-3. 9. NR. LEDBURY (a) Canon- (a) 1 in 1881 ; 5-8 (a) 1912-13. (a)c, 1881- (a) J. Hopton, per S. H. Ffrome in 1899; ± 6 usu- 98. Rickman. Court ally: 2 in 1912. (6) Meep Hill (b) 1 in 1899 (?): (b) 1908. „ P. W. Taylor: H, A. and 15-20 (?) c. 1903. Gilbert. Childerwood 10. NEWCOURT, Large before 1850. 1853 or — (Bull). LUGWARDINE later. 11. DINEDOR HILL 6 (before 1912). * Some yrs. — E. D.C.Clark:(Bonnett}. ago.' 12. LETTON-ON-XHE 2-3 c, 1880: 5 in * Years 1880 or H. A. Gilbert: R. J. WYE 1884-5 : 2 in ago.' earlier, Lee: E. D. C. Clark 1899: 8 £. 1900. (V.C.H.); (Bull). 1:3. BRIKSOF 1. 1927. 1926. H. A. Gilbert. 14, LOCKSTERS 1. 1927* 1927. M M POOL, CLIF FORD. 15. SHOBDON 1. No trace — H. A. Gilbert; E. D. MARSHES now. C. Clark. VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 301 ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Herefordshire—continued. 16. WILLEY LODGE, IOO + . 1836 (to Ancient. (Bull). NR. LINGEN Plowden, Salop ?) Hertfordshire. 1. GROVE PARK, I in igoi. — — W. Bickerton: C.Oldham. WATFORD Huntingdon. 3. SOUTHLOE 2. 1894 : not 1894. A. E. Lees. WOOD (NR. allowed to DIDDINGTON) remain. 4. NR. GODMAN- 1. Disturbed c. 1918. „ „ CHESTER and did not (Hemingford return Park, 1 mile) again. 5. PAXTON WOOD, 'Small. c. 1916. Flourished J. S. Addington. NR. ST. NEOTS ' for many years.' Kent. 7. YANTLET, 6-9 in 1914 or 1914-15. Imme- G. J. Scholey. ISLE OF GRAIN 1915. morial. 8. PENSHURST Considerable c. c. 1810. — (Ticehurst). 1801. 9. HERON WOOD, Small (1896). c. 1908 (?). — N. F. Ticehurst : (Zoolo- NR.APPLEDORE gist, 1896). 10. IGHTHAM — Many years — (Ticehurst). ago (rgo6). 11. KELSEY MANOR, ' 1-2 annually.' 1873 or — (Zoologist, 1873). BECKENHAM later. 12. WITTERSHAM 3. c. 1894. c. 1894. (Ticehurst). 13. THE HOLM- ' Not inconsider- Before Ancient. ,, STONE, able ' before c. 1830-40 (?). DUNGENESS 1800 * 1 nr. in 1907 and 1908. Lancashire. 9. LEIGHTON 3-4 in 1923. — 1923 (?) A. W. Boyd. Moss, NR. prob.from SILVER DALE Dallam Tower. 10. KEMPLE END, ± 10 in 1920. 1921. ? „ LbNGRIDGE FELL 11. ROUDSEAWOOD, 10-12 before 1890. Before c. Shifted (Macpherson): NR. 1890 (?) to 1886. (Mitchell). HAVERTH- Holker. WAITE 12. WHITTINGTON, 7 in 1888. ? to Tun- ? (Macpherson). NR. KIRKBY stall. LONSDALE 13. AUGERTON A few in some — — Viscount Cross. Moss, FURNESS years. 14. RIGGS WOOD, ± 22 c. 1853. — — (Naturalist, 1855). RAWCLIFFE Lsicestershire. 2. MARTINSHAW Probably small. 1840. ? W. E. Mayes. WOOD, NR. LEICESTER 3. MERE HILL 1-2 c. 1815. — ? (Macgillivray). WOOD, NR. COTES, LOUGHBOROUGH 2A 302 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority No. of Nests. Desertion. Leicestershire—continued. 4. BOSWORTH i for some years. Fl. within period (Montagu Browne). PARK C. 1860-80 ? 5. BEWOIR 1 ' for several sea- — Before „ sons.' 1886. 6. QUORN c. 2-3 at most. c. 1924-5. ? Eric Pochin, per Miss O. S. Wilshere. Lincolnshire. 9. CRESSY HALL, Over 80 on one oak 1792. Ancient. SURFLEET in 1769 (June 27-28). J. W. Glead and W. A. IO- C=R?O^ - C- ^ '• m Sa^): J/ol»R^ UOSRERTON MS): (Hartingj l87fe) 11. DONINGTON — 'Long c. 1794. WYKES since/1872. l 12. LEVERTON — —~ — (Wheeler). 13. BROUGHTON (or ± So c, i860: To Apple- Imme- {Yarrell, 1st Ed,): (Bon- MANBY), NR. * Reduced from 30 by {q.v,). morial, nett) : W. C. Brown, per BRIGG to 7 by 1884.' H. F. Allison. 14. TOTHILL WOOD ? 20 c. 1908: 14 c. 1911. c. 1870. Major Rawnsley, per J, S. before 1911. Reeve : (Zoologist, 1908): (Bennett). 15. LEADENHAM- 1 in 1921, and 1927. 1921. J. S, Reeve. FULBECK 1925-7 : 14 before 1900 (?). 16. NEWBALL 6-7 annually c. — Before (Bonnett): (Zoologist, WOOD, 1902-8: 10 before 1900. 1908). LAKGWORTH 1912. 17. STANIFIELD — ? ? (Bonnett), WOOD, NR. BARDNEY 18. SWANPOOL — ? Prob. off- (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.): shoot of (Morris), Skelliog- thorpe. Middlesex, 1. OSTERLEY * A very fair Prob. be- Before c. H. A. Littlejohn (London PARK heronry ' inXVIth fore 1872: 1550. Natural History Society): Century. certainlyby (Norden): (Yarrell, 4th c. 1884-88, Ed.): (Harting, 1872). Monmouth. 4. TREOWEN, NR. 18 in 1870 (April), c. 1913. •— Lord Treowen, per A. L. MONMOUTH Tatham : (Zoologist, 1873). 5. PENTWYN, NR. 4 in 1925. 1927 (?) — H. A. Gilbert. GSOSMONT 6. PANTYGOYTRY, (Small c, 1855): 1927. Imme- A. L. Tatham: (Natura- NR. 1 1920-27. morial. list, 1855). ABERGAVENNY 7. NANTOER, NR. 2 1924, c. 1914- A. L. Tatham. ABERGAVENNY 17. 8. YACHWAIX — Before 1914 — A, Silver, WOOD, (?) to PwU- LLANMARTIN head 9. CALDICOT or 1-2. — Offshoot „ ROGGIET of last. 10. RUPPERRA A few. ? before — H. j. Lovelock: G. C, S. CASTLE 1918. Ingram. 11. COURT Large c, 1855. — — (Naturalist, 1855). BLETHYN VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 30a ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority, No. of Nests. Desertion, Norfolfc. 20. BRESSINGHAM I in 1924, c. 1925-7 1924 (?). B. B, Riviere : (Riviere). HALL, NR. DISS 21. ACLE — c, 1810 {to Ancient, (Riviere). Keswick ?), 22. COSSEY or ;fc 60 in 1S66 : (1 Before c. i860 (Stevenson): (Bonnet*)* COST&SSEYJNR, c. 1911.} 1872. from (Zoologist, 1872). NORWICH . Earlham. 23. EARLHAM, NR, ± 80-100 mid- c. 1926-7. Afteri83o. B, B, Riviere : (Riviere): NORWICH XIX. Cent.: 2-3 (Zoologist, 1874): (Yar- lni866: 16-17 in reU, 4th Eel.): (aniea, 1868: 261111871: XI., 253). 25 in 1883: 28-30 in 1874: 7 in 1903 : o in 1907: 2 in 1911 : 4 i& 1917 : 7 in 1918™ 19 : 4 in 1921 : 1 in 1924: 4-5 in 1925. 24. KESWICK, NR. (I in 1874-5.} c. 1829-30 e. 1810 (Zoologist, 1874-5)* NORWICH to Taver- (? from (Riviere). ham. Acle.) 25. SPIXWORTH, — — — (Yarrell, 4th EH.). NR, NORWICH 26. TAVERHAM, ± 20. After 1872 1830 from (Harting, 1872). NR. NORWICH (?). Keswick, 27. DIDLINGTON, 60-70 in 1868: 70 1924. Shifted c. B. B. Riviere ; (Riviere): NR. MUNDFORD in 1883: 5-6 c, 1858. (Yarrell, 1st and 4th Ed.) 1913-23. 28. OLD BUCKEN- 2-2 c, 1870: 6 c. Before 1864, (Stevenson). HAM, NR. 1884. 1911. ATTLEBOROUGH 29. STRUMPSHAW, 'Small.* — c. X882-3. (Zoologist, 1883); (Yar- NR. BRUNDALL rell, 4th Ed.), 30. WOLFERTON 2oini868: ±40 1924. Ancient. B. B. Riviere : (Riviere); WOOD annually c. 1870- (Bonnett): (Lubbock). (BABINGLEY 79: i2before 1912 : WOOD), NR. 4-5 in 1924: finally CASTLE 2-3. RISING 31. CLAXTON, NR, — c. 1866. Ancient (Stevenson) : (Browne). REEDHAM (?), 32. REEDHAM — Before — (Zoologist, 1905) : (1st colony— 1870. (Browne). on present site) 33. NORTON HALL, — c. 1850-60. — (Stevenson) : (Harting, NR. REEDHAM 1872). 34. CLIPPESBY, 'Rather consider- 1834. — (Stevenson). NR, ACLE able.' 35. THRIGBY, ± 6 c, 1839. c. 1840-60. — (Harting, 1872). NR. ACLE 36. IOO-ACRE ~- Extant c, — (Pashley). PLANTATION, 1881-2. WEYBOURNE 37. BAYFIELD — c, 1881-2. — „ HALL, NR. HOLT 304 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Norfolk—continued. 38. RANWORTH — 'Formerly — (Zoologist, 1872). (1st colony) (1872). 39. WESTACRE, NR. — — — (Yarrell, 4th Ed.). NARFORD 40. WATLINGTON 9 in 1879. ? c. 1860-70 (Lubbock). PARK, NR. or earlier. LYNN 41. BILLINGFORD, — — — (Yarrell, 4th Ed.}. NR. DISS 41. SOMERTON, NR. i. Before — (Bonnett). POTTER 1911. HEIGHAM 43. WHEATACRE, 2-3 c. 1911. — — „ NR. BECCLES Northamptonshire. 6. WHITTLESEA Small. Before c. — G. W. Fitzwilliam. MERE 1850 (?). 7. LODGE COPPICE, — Before 1850 ? (Lilford) : (Macgillivray). HARRINGWORTH to Bui wick 8. MARES WOOD, ± 30 before 1850: c. 1873-4. Before (Harting, 1872): (Lil- BULWICK 1 in 1872: maxi- 18.50. ford}: (Naturalist, mum c. 60. 1853) 9. COLLVWESTON 1. An abortive 1927. L. Tebbutt. WOOD effort Northumberland. 9. BOLAM — c. 191:3. — F.B.Atkinson: (Bolam). 10. UNTHANK, 10-12 c. 1873. After 1912 — (Bolam) : (Hancock). SOUTH TYNE (?). 11. CHIPCHASE, NR. — ? Before (Macpherson). BELLINGHAM 1620. 12. HOWICK — After 1911 Imme- (Bolam). (?). morial. 13. DIPTON WOOD, — 1909. — W. S. A. Warde-Aldam. NR, R. TYNE 14. HIGH KELLAS 2 in 1909 : 3 in 1926. 1909 from PLANTATION, 1926: 7 maxi- Dipton HEALEY HALL mum. Wood. 15. HARBOTTLE i 20 c. 1873. c. 1914-18 Imme- T. Robson : (Hancock) : (?). morial. (Bolam). 16. WOODHALL, NR. 2 in 1927. (No inf. 1927 or R. Telfer, per A. Chap- HOLYSTONE 1928). earlier. man. 17. BLACK ± 20 c. 50 years Lately. Imme- R. Telfer, per A. Chap- BLAKEHOPE- ago: 4-10 for morial. man: T. Robson. BURNHAUGH past 30 years. 18. WOODHILL, NR. 1. 1926. 1926. R. Telfer, per A. Char- OTTERBURN man. 19. MEADOWHAUGH, 2-3 c. 1926. — — ,, „ „ ,, NR, OTTERBURN 20. WHICKHOPE — c. 1922. — R. Clapperton, per A. MOOR Chapman 21. HOUXTY 6-8 annually: 12+ 191C. Before A. Chapman. c, 1914. 1900. VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 305 ENGLAND— continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Nottinghamshire. 7. NEWSTEAD 1-2 before 1912. None now. ? Miss F. K. Staunton: ABBEY (Bouuett}. 8. THORESBY Always 4-5 beiore 1856. Probably (Sterland and Whitaker): PARK 1856. ancient. (Sterland). (1st colony) 9. CLUMBER 'Large.' c. 1883-86. Probably F. B. Hawkins: (Ster- (ist colony) ancient. land and Whitaker). 10. BARTON FERRY ' Small ' c. 1893. — — (Whitlock). (Notts side) Oxfordshire. 2. OLD PADDOCK ± 20 in 1899 (May 1909. Imme- Oxford Ornith. Soc.— WOOD, 19). morial. B. W. Tucker: E. M. RYCOTE, NR. Nicholson : G. Tickner : THAME F. L, Blathivayt: (Aplin) : (Zoologist, 1913). 3. TAR WOOD, 30-60 in mid- 1885. Ancient. Oxford Ornith. Soc.— SOUTH LEIGH XlXth Cent.: 5-6 B. D. Nicholson: S. D. in 1872 (March): Facey: W. S. Crocker: 26 in 1881-2. (Aplin) : (Harting, 1872). 4. FRIAR'S COURT, ? Small. Undoub- Extant c. Oxford Ornith. Soc.— CLANFIELD, tedly long 1888. B. W. Tucker and E. M_ NR. BAMPTON extinct. Nicholson : (Aplin). 5. NR. SONNING I in 1917. — — F. C. R. Jourdain (OXFORD BANK) [6. CLATTERCOTE NO signs of breeding locally : certainly no E. M. Nicholson. | (alleged) longer extant, if ever. 1 Rutland. I. BURLEY I C, 1830. — — (V.CH.) [No heronry in County, 1889 Montagu Browne.] Shropshire. 4. ATTINGHAM, NR. Usually 22 before c 1912. Imme- Lord Berwick: H. E. SHREWSBURY 1879. morial. Forrest : (V.CH.) : (Yarrell, 4th Ed.) 5. OAKLEY PARK, Usually 15 before c. 1914-18. — C. H. Woodhouse : H. E. BROMFIELD, 1879 '• 10-16 c. Forrest: (V.CH.) : LUDLOW 1911 or earlier :'a (Yarrell, 4th Ed.): few ' pre-war. (Bonnett). 6. ELLESMERE — Long be- — (V.CH.) : (Yarrell, 1st MERE fore 1900. and 4th Ed.). 7. COLEMERE — After 1900. — (V.CH.): (Forrest, 1899). 8. CLUN — Extinct for — C H. Woodhonse. years. 9. LLANHEDRICK 1-2. Before c. 1921-24. Lord Powis : H. Lynes. (offshoot of 1928. WALCOT) 10. SKYBORRY, 1. 1915. 1913. O. R. Owen. LLANFAIR- WATERDINE, NR. KNIGHTON Somerset. 12. MELCOMBE I in 1891 : 2 in 1906. 1891 : B. W. Tucker. WOOD, 1892: 5 in 1893: probably MELLS PARK, 5 — afterwards. from (1st colony) Longleat (Wilts.). (2nd colony) (1 in 1914) : 3 in 1923. 1922 or 1922 : 1 in 1923. before. 306 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. .ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. .Somerset—continued. 13. BALL COPSE, ± 30 in 1872 : 16 1912. c. 1858. B. W. Tucker : (Wigles KNOWLE, NR. in 1885 : 6-8 an worth) : (Harting, 1872): DUNSTER nually c. 1888- (D'Urban and Mathew) : 1908 : i 6 in (Zoologist, 1908). 1903: ± 4 1903-12. 14. AVILL BALL, 3-4 in 1917. 1917. 1917 (?) B. W. Tucker: (Wigles- NR. KNOWLE (from Ball worth). Copse ?) 15. CONYGAR 3 in 1919 : 2 in 1920. 1919 or R. J. Clough, per B. W. TOWER WOOD, 1920. earlier. Tucker. DUNSTER 16. GRABBIST, NR. 1 in several recent 1927 or c. 1923. B. W. Tucker. DUNSTER seasons. earlier. 17. LOWER MEAD 1 in more than one COPSE, year. " " BLUE ANCHOR 18. ANOTHER 1 for 2-3 years. 1923 (?). COPSE NR. " " CARHAMPTON 19. COSSINGTON ' Small.' — — (Wiglesworth) : (Bon- nett). 20. CHARD 2 in 1913. i9T3- 1913. (Wiglesworth), 21. CHRISTON, NR. 1 in 1919. 1919. 1919. Wiglesworth MS., per WINSCOMBE B. W. Tucker. .22. BuTLEIGH 5-6 before c. i860 : C 1863 (?). c. 1850 or /. Clarke, per B. W. WOOD, NR. (2 c. 1911) : (1 c. earlier. Tucker (Previously un STREET 1912). recorded) : E. Page. 23. WARLEIGH, 1-2 for some yrs. c. 1910-20 c. 1890 or J. Penrose : B. W. NR. BATH earlier (?). Tucker. 34. CLAVERTON, 1 annually. c. 1916. ? B. W. Tucker: T. Jeff- NR. BATH eries. *5. UPHILL 1 in 1923. 1923 (?). 1923 (?). B W. Tucker. 26, SHIPLETT or 1 for several years. 1923. Before SHIPLATE 1920. " Suffolk. 10. ORWELL PARK 60-70 + in 1872: c. 1904-07 1871 from E. G. Pretyman: (Yar- nearly 50 c. 1890- to Nacton Woolver rell, 4th Ed.) : (Babing- 95 : 6 in 1903. stone. ton). 11. WOOLVERSTONE 1870-71 to Before E. G. Pretyman : PARK Orwell Park. 1600. (Babington) : (Zoologist, * 1872). 12. BLVTHBURGH ' Long ex E. Cooper: Mrs. E. LODGE — tinct.' — Clodd. 13. HENHAM HALL, Beyond Certainly C. E. Alford : (Natura NR. living extant list, 1852). BLYTHBURGH memory. 1848. 14. A FARM NR. ' 25 years Probably C. E. Alford. REYDON ago.* from Hen- ~ ham. 15. IOO-ACRE ± i5. 1919. Probably B. J, Ringrose. WOOD, c. 1912-14 TANGHAM from Tangham Forest. 16. TANGHAM ± 20. c. 1912-14. ? B. J. Ringrose : C. B. FOREST Ticehurst. VOL. xxn] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 307 ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded, Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Suffolk—continued. 17. SCOTS HALL, 1 in 1927 : (1 odd (No inf. Miss R. Anderson, per MlNSMERE nest long ago). 1928.) Mrs. E. Clodd. 18. BARNBY or 1-2 in 19x5 : 3-4 c. 1917-ig. 1915 (?) C. B. Ticehurst; Miss BARNABY c. 1917-19. F. K. Staunton. BROAD 19. TAILOR'S 1-2 'for years.' ' Some yrs. — , per Miss E. L. GROVE, ago.' Turner. Horn NOT ON zo. EUSTON PARK i~2 in 1926, 1926-7. From C. B. Ticehurst: Miss Honing- E. L. Turner. ton. ZI. CHIMNEY Extant (V.C.H.). MILLS — 1902. — 23. HERRINGPLEET c. 1869-72. C. B. Ticehurst: (Babington): (Harting, ~ ~ 1872) : (Lubbock). 33, BARSHAH 1-2, Long ex Before c. C. B. Ticehurst 1 OLD HALL tinct. 1S80 irom (Babington). Herring- fleet. 24. NORTH or ' A few' : 2-3 be c. 1913 (?). c. 1909. C. B. Ticehurst; (Bon- NORTH COVE, fore 1912, nett). KR. BECCLES 25 .BELTON 1 in 1918. — — C. B. Ticehurst. 36, REDGRAVE Odd nests since _ Lord Playfair : Holt Wil HALL, NR. before 1884: up son, per E. M. Nicholson : DISS to c. 1923 (?). (Babington). 37. CAVENHAM No heron Before Miss E. L. Turner: —. ries trace 1884. (Babington) : (Harting, 38. ICKLINGHAM able. 1872): (Yarrell, 4th Ed.). Staffordshire. 7. PATSHUXL i 10 in 1893; c. 1903. Recent Hon. H. G, O. Bridgeman: PARK * Large ' when de (?) (Bonnett). stroyed. S, BETLEY 10-12. 1878. T. Smith, per J. R. B. Masefield: Yarrell, 4th hd. • V.C.H. 9. D0VEDALE I in 1915. — _ F. C. R. Jourdain : E. (Staffs, side of Grindey. river) 10. RAMSOR WOODS i several years. Before V. C. R. Jourdain. 1900. — Surrey. 6. COBHAM PARK c. 1880 or Before C. H. Combe, per London — earlier. 1852. N.H.S: (Bucknill): (Nat uralist, 1852). 7, PEPER HAROW 2-4. 1910. Before W. A. Shaw: Mrs. L. E. 1900. Taylor: (Bucknill). 8. NORWOOD Small. Extant c. (Bucknill). 1850. — 9. ASHLEY PARK* : c. 1872-95. Before (Yarrell, ist-4tb Ed.): 1843. (Bucknill). 10, OATLANDS — Probably — (Meyer): (Morris): PARK* c. 1856. (Yarrell, 3rd Ed.): (Bucknill : {Harting* 1866). (•Ashley and Oatlands Parks adjoin : this is probably a case of alternative sites of the same colony, or an offshoot.] 308 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Sussex. 6. PLASHETT 3 in 1907; 4-5 in c. 1926. 1907. E. J, Bedford : N. F. PARK, 1908: x c, 1911 : Ticehurst; (Bennett), LEWES 20-25 in 1923. 7. IDEN WOOD, ± 11 c. 1892-5: 1896 or c, 1891-2. D. D. Godfrey and E, F. PEASMARSH 11 in 1896, soon after. Wood: (Zoologist,i896). 8. FOLKINGTON * A few nests,* After 1853. — (Borrer), WOOD, POLEGATE 9. HAMPDEN Always 1-2 : 2 in 1918. c. 1910-13, R. Morris. PARK, 1918. EASTBOURNE 10. WESTWOOD & — Before — (Zoologist, 1877). HASELETTE, 1570. E, DEAN 11. MICHELGROVE •— c, 1826-32. c 1810, (Horsfield), to Parham. [12, PORTS GKYLI. Non-existent. — — A, N, Holmes, per N. F.- WOOD, Ticehurst: (Bonnett). UDIMORE Warwickshire. 6. NEWBOLD 1 usually. 1927 (?). — R. M, Carey. RBVEL, STRETTON 7. PACKINGTON — * Some yrs, — Agent, per P. K. Chance. HALL, KR. ago,* COVENTRY 8. DEBDALE 1 in 1927 (?). 1927. 1927. P. K. Chance. WOOD, LONG ITCHINGTON 9. TRICKLEY 4 in 1878; 6 in c, 1890. Before (Zoologist, 1902). CoppxcEf 1879; ± 12 in 1852: MIDDLETON 1880: 2-3 c.1883- shifted 90 : 13 maximum, 1875 and c. 1885, Westmorland. 3. RYDAL ± 3-4 c. 1862; c, 1872-4. * Recently' A. Astley: (Gough): more previously. in 1829. (Macpherson). 4. MIDDLETON ±20: (1101921). c. 1915. — F. S. Chapman: A. A. WOODS, NR, Duncan: E. M, Nichol- SEBBERGH son. 5. KILLINGTON 6 in 1886. c, 1890 (?}, c. 1875 (?). A. A. Duncan: (Mac- RESERVOIR pherson). 6. RAMPS HOLME, I in 1852. — — (Naturalist, 1852). or BERKSHIRE ISLAND, WINDERMERE 7. ' 2 MILES FROM ± 8. c. 1901. c, 1889. A. A. Duncan. SEDBERGH: E, OF RAWTHEY * 1882. c, 1878. (Smith). (offshoot of last) 13. NR. TOTTENHAM 8-10 in 1894. — — Lord Ailesbury, per W. P. HOUSE, Shaw. SAVERNAKE (probably an offshoot or alternative site of No. 3) 14. STYPE WOOD, 2 in rg26. — ? from W. 0, Shaw. NR. Savernake FROXFIELD 15. WEST WOOD, 1-2 said once to have bred annually. W. D. Shaw, NR, FYFIELD 16. RED LODGE, I in 19x9 or 1920. — — H. Ward, per E, H, BRAYDON Goddard and J, Penrose, 17. BRITFORD 3 in 1925, 1925 (?). — M. W. Willson. MARSH 18. LONGFORD ± 5 c. 1872 :10-12 — Prob. c. M. W. Willson : (Smith); -f- in 1875: 4-8 1860-70. (Zoologist, 1873): (Yar- 1875-87. rell, 4th EdJ. 19. CROUCH- WOOD, 60-70 in 1886; About 30 1878-9. E, M. Nicholson: (Smith). HIGHWORTH 20-30 in 1887. years ago. 30. AMESBURY 2 in 1886. 1887. 1886. (Smith). 21. ALLENGRGVE, — Before c. — ,, BADMINTON 1880. 22. EASTON PIERS, — c, 1580. — „ or PERCY [BRAYDON POND No heronry here. — — F. J. Bates, per B, W.~l Tucker. J Worcestershire. 2. CROOME — Before — (V.C.H.) 1834. 3. * WEDGWOOD * — — Before (Harting, 1872}; (Yar- (? WESTWOGD) 1872. rell, 4th Ed.). PARK, DROITWICH (1st colony) Yorkshire. 14, HORNSEA MERE — Still extant Before c* (Nelson): (Morris). (1st colony) c. 1855. 1844. 15. HOUGHTON 2. 1887. 1887. E. W. Wade: (Wade). WOODS, MARKET WEIGHTON 310 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. ENGLAND—continued. Approximate Year of Founded, Authority. No, of Nests. Desertion. Yorkshire—continued, 16. ENHOLMES, 2 'about 20 years — — E. W. Wade: (Wade). S.HOLDERNESS ago.' 17. BURTON I. 1925. 1925. „ ,, CONSTABLE 18. HOLME-ON- — c. 1865-8. — R. Fortune: (Nelson) : SPALDING (Zoologist, 1873). MOOR 19. SCORBOROUGH, 'Formerly largest Before c, — (Nelson): (Morris); Zoo- NR. BEVERLEY in Yorks.' 1830 Iogist, 1872 and 1873). 20. BESWICK PARK Isolated nests fre- After 1906 Remnant (NeIson):(Zoologist,i873). quently. (?). of Scor borough iq.v.). 2T. SUTTON-ON- ioo in i860. Before — (Zoologist,i873):(Ndson). DERWENT 1870. 22. HOTHAM, NR. Large. iSig. — „ u MARKET WEIGHTON [23. HUTTON (Nonewitbinmem- Perhapsex- — (Yarrell, ist Ed.): 1 CRANSWICK, ory, 1873). isted before (Latham) : (Zoologist, I NR.DRIFFIELD C, 1800. 1873) : (Nelson). J 24. RED CARR, — c. 1903 to c. 1880-90 W. H, St. Quintin. SCAMPSTON Scampston from Place Newton. 25. HIGH WOOD, 60-70 before 1840: c, 1880-90 — W. H. St. Quintin: PLACE ± 20-60 c. 1872. toRedCarr (Nelson): (Harting,i872): NEWTON, and (?) (Zoologist, 2873). WINTRINGHAM Wassand. 26. SCARTHINGWELL, i8-20. c. 1837-8. — (Nelson) : (Morris). NR. FERRYBRIDGE 27. HAGG WOOD, — 1859. — „ „ HEMSWORTH, NR, PoNTEFRACT 28. NOSTELL PRIORY, 5-6 in 1826: c. i85o{?) — (Nelson). NR, PONTE- 1-2 before 1850. — FKACX. 29. WALTON HALL 6-36. After 1865. 1827. (Harting, 1872): (Nelson). 30. AZERLEY HALL, 8 in 1844, ? ? (Nelson), NR. RIPON 31. INGMIRE HALL, ± 12 c. 1872. 1880. — (Nelson): (Harting, NR. SEDBERGH 1872): (Macpherson). 32. ALLERTON — ' Used to — Sir E. Brooksbank. MAPLE VER, build.' NR, KNARES- BOROUGH 33. RIPLEY PARK Small. Before c, — R. Fortune. 1900 (?). 34. NR, RAMSGILL, (a) Small. j UPPER (b) Small. [ c. 1919. c. 1915-1S. „ NlDDESDALE f (2 sites) J 35. BROWSHOLME, Large. Before c, — (Nelson): (Mitchell). NR. CLITHEROE 1870. (ist colony) Ditto 8 in 1877: 15 in 1888. 1877. F, Hanson: (Nelson): (and colony) 1880: 16 maxi- (Mitchell) : (Stonyburst mum. Mag. 1888). VOL. xxn] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 311 E NGL A N to—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. Ho. of Nests, Desertion. Y orkshire—continued. 36. HARROP HALL, — ? c. 1890 (Nelson), SLAIDBURN from Brows- holme. 37. SWINTON PARK, 3. 1902, 1900 (?), „ MASH AM 38. HUTTON BON- 8-10. ? c, 1900, (Bonnett). VILLE, NR, NORTHALLERTON 39. NBWBY WISKE 3 c. 1906. — — (Nelson). 40. KIRBV HALL, NR. — c, 1856. — (Yarrell, 1st & 3rd Ed.): BOROUGH- (Nelson). BRIDGE 41. KlLDALE-IN- CLEVELAND 42. SWANLANB > —- Imme- — (Nelson), 43. WETHERBY moria!- GRANGE WALES. Anglesey. 3. PLAS TREGAIAN 8. 1875. — Kennedy Ortoa. 4. DINAM HALL 14 c, ign or ear- 1921-22, Imme- Kennedy Orton ; (Bcn- Jier; 3-4 in 1921 modal. nett). or 1922. 5. PLAS COEBMOR 1-2. c, 20 years — W. Aspden. ago. 6. SOUTH STACK, ' Numbers * before Imme- — (Forrest). HOLYHEAD 1838. modal. 7. PENRHOS 1 annually. After 1907 — „ 8. LLANGEFNI 8, — — „ Breeonshire. 7. LLANFECHAN, ± 15. c. 1918. — Sir C. Venables-Llewelyn, NR. BUILTH Bt.: R. W, Woosnam. 8. TYMAWR, NR. 1. e. 1924. ? 1918 R. W. Woosnam : H, A. GARTH fromLlan- Gilbert. fechan, 9. RED WOOD, I ' many yrs. ago * — — H, A. Gilbert. GLANWYE nr. existing site, 10, BUCKLAND ' Small.* ? to Gile- Before (Cambridge Phillips), stone. 1899. 11. BAILYDDU — c. 1875-95 c. 1870 „ „ LLANDILOFAN (?). fromLlyn- worm- wood (Carmar then : ex tinct). 12, DINAS, NR. 2+ last few yrs, — — J* Lhydt per Sir C, BRECON Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. 13, FFWRDGRECK 3 in 1927 (?). — — /. Lloyd, per Sir C. NR. BRECON Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. 14. LOSCOED, NR. (Small." — Before (Cambridge Phillips). DEVYNOCK 1899. 15. TREGUNTER, ' A few.* — „ „ ,, NR. TALGARTH 312 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XX: W ALES—continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority, No. o! Nests. Desertion. Caernarvon. 8. OGWEN BANK, 1111924; prob. 2 in 1927, 1924 {?). W, Aspden. BETHESDA 1927. QUARRY 9. GREAT ORME'S —- Imme- — (Forrest), HEAD morial. 10. BODEGSOES. 2. 1927. — Kennedy Orton. PWLLHELI 11. MADRYN, 1 in 1927. 1927- — „ PWLLHELI 12. GLAN-Y-GORS, 1 in 192?, 2927. — ,» „ BODFEAN 13. GWYNFRYS, 6-7 c, 1902 : i in ? 1926. — Kennedy Orion : (F CRICCIKTH 1926: 2 in 1927. rest): (Zoologist, 19c 14. GLANGWNA, NR. r in 1926 & 1927, 1927. * A few Kennedy Orton. CAERNARVON years' 15. TREBORTH $-6. c. 1909 to — (Forrest, 1919). Vayaol, 16. TYDDYN GWYN, I. Before — ,, „ LtANGioN 1919 ? ry, NANTFFRANCON 2. 1927, Kennedy Orton, 1x8. BETWEEN Small, Certainly — Kennedy Orton: W QUELLYN & none now, Aspden. BEDDGELERT Cardigan. 4. BWLCHBYCHAN, Always 4-5. 1925, c. 3:887 Major H. Davies-Evai NR. fromHigh- LLANYBYTHER mead (shifted). 5. AsnwYD, Usually 3. 19x8. ? W. Miall Jones. LLANRHYSTYU 6. GOGERDDAN — — — (Yarrell, 4th Ed.): (Harting, 187s). 7. LODGE PARK, — — — (Bennett). GLANDYFI Carmarthenshire. 6, COED, NR. — c. 1914-18. Shifted D. E, Stephens. CARMARTHEN before 1914. 7. LLWYNWORM- Large (?). c, 1870. — (Cambridge Phillips). WOOD PARK, NR. LLANDOVERY Denbighshire. 4. GARTHMJSILIO, 1, — — M, V. Wenner, per H. NR. CORWEN Forrest. 5. PONT-Y-GLYN, 1, — — M. V. Wenner, per H. NR. MAESMOR Forrest. 6, PENNANT, NR. Up to 25. — — Kennedy Orton:(Forre TALYCAFN 7, CHIRK — None — A. T. BeHingbam: known (Bonnett). now. VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—EXTINCT. 313 WALES— -continued. Approximate Year of Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Flint. i. BODRYDDHAN, ' Very large ' e. Before c, — W. M. Congreve: NR. 1854 (Sometimes 1900. (Forrest): (Yarrell, 4th RHUDDLAN 1 recently.) Ed.): (Naturalist, 1854). Glamorgan. 4. NICHOLASTON 4. e. 1915-18. ? offshoot J. R. K. White, per Miss WOOD of Pen- V. Peel. rice ? 5. MARGAM & 20 up toe. 1870: Colony Imme- H. E. David, per G. C. S. odd nests only ceased c. 60 morial, Ingram: (Naturalist, since. yrs. ago.: 1851). odd nests till 1912. Merioneth. 4. TALGARTH ± 14 c. 1822-72 : c. 1918. Imme- O. D. Jones : (Forrest): HALL, 7 c. 1906. morial. (Harting, 1872). PESNAL (I in 1927). 5. HENGWRT, NR, 20 c. 1906. ? ? (Forrest). DOLGELLV 6. GLYN HALL, 12 c. 1906. ? Imme- (Forrest): (Zoologist, HARLECH morial. 1873). 7. GLAN LLYN 1-2 c. 1911. ? Imme- (Bonnett). morial. Montgomery. 3. BETWEEN 4-5 c. r9n. — — (Bonnett): (Forrest). CEMAES & CEMAES ROAD Pembrokeshire. 5. SEALYHAM A few. Since 1894 ? B. Lloyd and C. Oldham: ? (Mathew). 6. LINNEY HEAD 6-12. None now. Probably B. Lloyd and C. Oldham: before (Mathew) : (Zoologist, 1861. i86t ?). Radnor. 4. 2 MILES FROM i in 1927. — — Sir C. Venables-Llewe- NEWBRIDGE- lyn, Bt. ON-WYE 5. NR. NEWBRIDGE- I in 1927. — — ,, „ ON-WYE (another site) 6. STANAGE 2-3 c. 19T3-18: 1926. 1912(f) C. C. Rogers, per Sir C. PARK, 3-4 later. Shifted c. Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. KNIGHTON 1924-5 ? O. R. Owen. 7. KINSLEY 2 1913-17: 1 in 1917. 1913- °- R- Owen: C. C. WOOD, 1927 (odd nest). Rogers, per Sir C. KNIGHTON Venables-Llewelyn, Bt. Isle of Man. INJEBRECK i in 1912. — — (Antea, Vol. VII., p. 314): KIRK PATRICK I some years ago. — — P. G. Ralfe. 314 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII IRELAKD. Approximate Year ol Founded. Authority. No. of Nests. Desertion. Co. Mayo, 20. ACHILL, 2-3 intermittently: — — R, F, Ruttledge. BALLYCRGY several sites. AREA 21. CASTLE ISLAND, 1-2 annually: (1 rQi6. — ,, „ L. CAREA in 1924), 22. STONE ISLAND, I. 1916. — „ „ L. CARRA 23. PALMERSTOWN, ' Large,' ' A good Imme- „ „ KILLALA many years morial. ago.' 24. CASTLE REA, * Fair-sized.' ? ,f „ „ KILLALA 25. BALLYBROOMY, — * A good ,, „ „ KILLALA many years ,, ,, ago.'' 26. BALLYSAKEERY, •— it — „ », KILLALA 27. Ross HILL, 'Large.' ig25. — „ „ -1 f L. MASK I (N.B.: Actu- t ally in co, I L Galway) J 28. GLENHEATHER 1. c. igig. c, 1911, „ „ LODGE, MALLARANNY 29. MILFORD, 1 in 1924. 1924. Imme- R. F. Ruttledge: (Ussher KILMAINE morial, and Warren), 30. CLOON 5-6. * In last few — R. F. Ruttledge. CORMACK, years.' HOLLYMOUNT, 31. BFLMULLET — Certainly -— „ „ CLIFFS none re cently. 32. OLD HEAD, 10 c. 1900? : 12 in 1927. ? R. F. Ruttledge: (Ussher CLEW BAY 1927 (2 groups). and Warren). 33. CARNACUN Up to 6. c. 1921. — R. F. Ruttledge. HOUSE, L. CARRA 34. FISHER HILL, 3-4. Recent. — „ ,, CASTLEBAR 35. NEWBROOK, * Large.' c, 1913. — „ NR. L. CARRA 36. THE NEALE 2-3 spasmodically. — — „ „ VOL. XXII] CENSUS OF HERONRIES—SUMMARY. 315 SUMMARY OF COUNTIES. ENGLAND. Number la 192S st County. Total Occupied Bleeding Acres Average Acreage. Sites. Pairs. per nest. size oi Colony. BEDFORDSHIRE 302,942 2 20 15,147 10 BERKSHIRE 463,830 3 55 8,431 18 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE . 479,36o 4 86-87 c- 5,574 22 CHESHIRE 657.950 5 147-1494 c. 4,446 29-30 CORNWALL 868,167 9 83-874 c. 10,214 9-10 CUMBERLAND 973,086 18 112-113 7,796 6 DERBYSHIRE ... 650,369 1 1 650,369 1 DEVONSHIRE ... .. 1,671,364 17 ±175-176 c- 9,551 10 DORSET 625,612 4 ±152 4,116 38 DURHAM 649,244 1 11 59,022 11 ESSEX 979,532 6 216— 4,535 36 GLOUCESTERSHIRE . 805,842 I 2 402,921 2 HAMPSHIRE ... • • 1,053,042 8 ±87 12,104 11 HEREFORDSHIRE 538,924 3 ±28 19,247 9 HUNTINGDONSHIRE . 233,985 2 17 13,764 8-9 KENT ... 975,965 6 ±142-146 c. 6,770 24 LANCASHIRE ... .. 1,194,555 8 130-135 9,125 16-17 LEICESTERSHIRE 532,779 1 11 48,434 11 J LINCOLNSHIRE • • 1,705, 93 8 150 ",335 19 MONMOUTH ... 349,552 3 26-28 c. 12,946 9 NORFOLK .. 1,315,064 19 33!-35i c 3,856 17-18 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE 638,612 5 167 3,824 33 NORTHUMBERLAND . .. 1,291,515 8 ±48-54 c. 25,324 6-7 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE . 540,123 6 88-90 c. 6,068 15 OXFORDSHIRE 479,220 I 19 25,169 19 SHROPSHIRE ... 861,800 3 ±39 22,097 13 SOMERSET .. 1,037,594 11 ±273-280 c- 3,759 25 STAFFORDSHIRE 741,318 6 ±67-70 o- 5,574 11-12 SUFFOLK 948,269 9 ±171-178 c- 5,45o 19-20 SURREY 461,833 5 ±67-68 c. 6,899 13-H SUSSEX 932,471 5 268-276 £" 3,428 54-55 WARWICKSHIRE 605,275 5 ±63 9,608 13 WESTMORLAND 504,917 2 33 15,301 16 WILTSHIRE ... 864,101 7 ± 55-60 c. 15,160 8-9 WORCESTERSHIRE . 458,352 1 23 + 19,928 23 YORKSHIRE ... • • 3,889,432 12 (13) 117-124 c. 32,412 10 WALES. ANGLESEY 176,630 2 9 19,626 5 BRECONSHIRE 469,281 6 42-45 c. 10,914 7-8 CAERNARVONSHIRE . 366,005 7 44 8,318 6 CARDIGAN 443,189 3 30-32 c. 14,296 10-11 CARMARTHEN 588,472 5 ±39-40 c. 15,089 8 DENBIGHSHIRE 426,080 3 ±3° 14,203 10 GLAMORGAN ... 520,456 3 19-20 c. 26,023 6-7 MERIONETH ... 422,372 1 (3) ±4-5 c 105,593 4-5 MONTGOMERY 510,110 2 17-18 c. 30,006 9 PEMBROKESHIRE 393,003 4 22-26 c- 16,375 6-7 RADNORSHIRE 301,165 3 8 37,646 3 316 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. xxn TOTALS. The total number of occupied Herons' nests enumerated by th< census of 1928 was :— Minima. Maxima. ENGLAND 3,480 ... 3,566 WALES 264 ... 277 IRELAND (part) ... 190 ... 197 SCOTLAND (in progress) •— ...- — TOTAL ... 3,934 ... 4,040 Thus, in England and Wales there were 3,744-3,843 breeding pain returned on 58,340 square miles. Three English counties—Norfolk Somerset and Sussex—each exceeded Wales in Heron population although the combined area of all three of them is not nearly s< large. Of the twelve leading counties, ten—all except Cheshir* and Lancashire—lie south-east of the familiar line from Glouceste: to the Humber, which likewise contains all heronries of above fifty nests, except one—Eaton Hall, The average size of a colony varies considerably : for Englanc it is about 14 nests, for Wales about 7 and for Ireland about 8 The highest averages occur in the south : in Sussex it is 54-55, ir Dorset 38, in Essex 36, while at the other extreme in Cumberlanc it is 6, in Northumberland 6-7, and in Cornwall, Hereford, Hunting don, Monmouth and Wiltshire under 10. In Wales, the highest average is 10-11 (Cardigan) and the lowest 3 (Radnor). PRESENT AND FORMER NUMBERS. It is commonly believed that the numbers of the Heron in this country have greatly declined within the last two or three hundrec years. We have not succeeded in finding any evidence, or ever any indications, that this is actually the case, although there was probably a general slight decrease up to about 1860-80. Aftei this period we begin to get definite figures for various counties some of these we have abstracted, revising them wherever possible in the light of later knowledge, and we present them here side by side with the 1928 totals as giving some rough, but not seriously questionable, grounds for comparison. Number ol 1928 Census. Nests + County. Year. Nests. Sites. Nests. Sites, or —. Oee. Oee. Bedfordshire... c. 1901 ±2 1 20 3 -18 Berkshire ... c. 1900 ±50 3 55 3 +5 Derbyshire ... 1884 50+ 3 1 r —49 Essex c. 1890 ±224 4 216— 6 —8 Gloucestershire Never above 2-3 recorded. 2 1 — Herefordshire 1899 21-23 6 ±28 3 + 5-7 VOL, xxn] PRESENT AND FORMER NUMBERS. 317 Number of 1928 Census. Nests + County. Tear. Nests. Sites. Nests. Sites. or —. Oec. Occ. Hertfordshire... Usually Nil. Nil. — — Kent c. igoo ±125-185 4 ±142-146 6 ? Leicestershire 1884 ±40-50 1 II 1 —29-39 Lincolnshire ... c. 1908 ±66 5 150 8 + 84 Norfolk 1924 370-380 19 331-351 19 — 19-49 Northampton shire 1889 ±130-160 2 167 5 +7-37 Oxfordshire ... 1899 ±20 1 19 1 — 1 Somerset c. 1900 Prob. ±100 8 273-280 11 + 173-180 Ditto c. 1918 ±140-150 10 273-280 11 + 123-140 Staffordshire ... 1893 ±29 2 ±67-70 6 +38-41 Wiltshire c. 1887 ±77-97 8 ±55-6° 7 — 17-42 Yorkshire c. 1906 ±75 8-9 ±117-124 13 +42-49 Merioneth c. 1907 ±50 6 ±4-5? 1 ? —45-46? It appears therefore, that the Heron is in some counties decreasing, in others increasing and in others stationary, but that taking the country as a whole, if this is a fairly typical sample of it, the species is holding its own, or even gaining slightly. However, nothing but a repetition of the census in due course can allow such movement of population to be defined. In 1928 there were in England four colonies having a census total of a hundred or more nests; none were returned for Scotland, Wales or Ireland. In addition to these four, the same size is recorded to have been equalled or exceeded in the past at Birch (Essex), Willey Lodge (Hereford), Chilham (Kent), Mautby and Earlham (Norfolk), Al- thorp (Northants.), Halston (Salop), Blackheath (Suffolk), Parham and Windmill Hill (Sussex), and Sutton-on-Derwent (Yorks.). Brede (Sussex), the ancestor of the present Aldershaw heronry, is said to have contained about 400 nests about 1840, which is the largest British figure of which we are aware ; Birch and Blackheath are said to have reached about 200 at their maximum. Of the 216 English sites recorded as occupied in 1928, 16 contain 50 or more nests ; 32 have 30 or more ; 52 have 20 or more ; 108 have 10 or more and 108 have less than 10, these including about 60 below 5, of which 21 are solitary nests. Of the 39 sites occupied in Wales, only 2 have 20 or more, and 10 have 10 or more, 29 having less than 10, including 18 below 5, of which 5 are solitary nests. Of possibly occupied sites for which no return was procurable we include 3 in England and 2 in Wales. 318 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL. XXII. INDEX TO INFORMATION. ENGLAND—EXISTING HERONRIES IN ORDER OF SIZE. (NOTE.'—Even the briefest narrative summary of the data available for each heronry would exceed all limits, yet it seems worth putting on record, in addition to the ascert?ined facts, the localities from which certain evidence has been drawn. This table may, perhaps, be of service to subsequent workers on particular colonies, or groups of colonies. The conventional index is alphabetical, but so many heronries might reasonably be looked for under two or more different names, that without a mass of cross-references no such system could prove anything but an embarrassment. It has therefore been thought convenient to arrange the heronries in older of size as returned by the 1928 census. Thus, any particular colony can be traced immediately, provided the size is known, and where that is not the case it may readily be learnt by reference to the appropriate county table. The list is complete in respect of known occupied heronries, whether any additional data are available for them or not, but extinct heronries are not included.) REFERENCE. (Where the reference letter is enclosed in brackets it signifies that the condition referred to applied formerly, or at the date indicated ; thus : (/) " nests were formerly in larch trees," or (y) " there was formerly a rookery adjoining." Notes {«)-(«) always occur in brackets, as referring to a past year; also (s), unless the shifting actually took place in 1928.5 (a) An cient (before 1800). k Nests in other deciduous trees. (b) Immemorial (see note p. 276). kk „ „ sycamore. (c) Founded during XlXth I ,, ,, larch. Century. 11 „ ., yew. (d) Founded during 1900-1914 m „ „ Scots pine. (incl.). mm „ Douglas fir. Founded during 1915-1928 n „ „ spruce. w (incl.). 0 „ „ other conifers. / Nests in oak. P ,, „ conifers (Sp. ?). ,, „ elm. q „ „ on ground or cliff-face. sg , „ beech. r „ „ rookery adjoining gg „ alder. (within c. 500 yds. h „ ash. at outside). hh , „ horse-chestnut. (*) ,, „ has shifted through J ,, Spanish chestnut. tree-felling. ij „ cherry. t „ „ second broods reared. HERONRIES IN ORDER OF SIZE. ENGLAND. 135 Milton Park, Peterborough, Northants., (c). /. chiefly. ±112 Arne, Dorset, (c). m. 103-109 Aldershaw, Sussex, (a)./, (s). twice (/). r. after 1905. ±100 Somerton Wood, Somerset. Ifi)t {r):f. h, k. g. kk. (s). 94 Reedham, Norfolk, (c). L. xxii.] HERONRIES IN ORDER OF SIZE. 319 75 St. Osyth, Essex, (c), 70-80 Islington, Norfolk, (b). 73 Fawley Court, Bucks, (c). r. f (19+). jj (31 + ). 65+ High Halstow, Kent. (d). f. 60 Eaton Hall, Cheshire. (6)./. and ft. (k chiefly, 1879). 60 Wanstead Park, Essex, (a), (ff and k, 1872). 58 Parham, Sussex, (c). m. r. 53 Goodwood, Sussex, (c). 31 p. 22 g. (1924, 28 g. 16 p.) 52 Halswell Park, Somerset, (c). t. g (22+). /. n. j ?. 51 Chilham, Kent. (a), g. (r). expelled, r. 50 Nacton, Suffolk, (c-d). n ? and I. 46-48 Windmill Hill, Sussex, (a). /. r. 42 Hamilton Wood, Lanes, h. and k. r. (h. and g, c. 1872). 42 Willughby Wood, Lines, (d). f. -40 Killerton, Devon. (6). g. and/, r. 39 Combermere, Cheshire, (d), r. f. 39 Tabley, Cheshire, (c). hh. 35-36 Black Dyke, Norfolk, (c). 35— Mundon, Essex, [e ?). j ?. /. and h. 34 Muckton Wood, Lines, (b). f. 34 Kimberley, Norfolk, (c). 33 Blackheath, Suffolk, {b). r. m. h33 Blythburgh-Walberswick, Suffolk, (c). m. 31-34 Banwell, Somerset, (b). m. 31 Hinton Admiral, Hants, (c). m, and 0. 30 Stanford Hall, Notts. (6). m. b30 Richmond Park, Surrey, (c). 29 Dallam Tower, Westmorland, (a), r. (f. till 1775, later *.: 1877 g.h.aadff, W). • 28-30 East Stoke, Notts, (b). 28+ Trenant Park, Cornwall. (6). g. and £. (/. 100 years ago). 27-30 Brockley Park, Somerset, (a), r. f. and h. 25-30 Holkham, Norfolk, (c). 26 Swell Wood, Somerset, (d) 24 f. 1 I. 1 m. 26 Bagot's Park, Staffs, (a). (/. 1893). 26 Warwick Park, Warwicks. (6). 19/. 5 ff. 1 I. 1 hh. (c. 1850 jff, some m. o. and M.). 24 Holker Moss, Lanes. 23+ Westwood Park, Worcs. (d). f. 20-25 Claughton, Lanes. (6). 22 Coley Park, Berks, (c). ft. 22 Boreham House, Essex, (c). (p). f. and ff. (r). 21 Wassand, Hornsea Mere, Yorte. (c). gg. r. t. 20+ Burwood Park, Surrey, ;'. /. ff. and hh. 20 Warleigh Wood, Devon, (c). /. r. 20 Wharton Wood, Lines, (d). f. £20 Halston, Salop. (6). kk. r. 18-22 Ashenden, Kent. (e). f. r. 20 Evedon Wood, Lines, (c). r. 19 Chest Wood, Essex, (c). (/. c. 1890). (r. c. 1890). 19 Scarisbrick, Lanes. 12 g. and /. and/, il 1 £g. 1 ft. (I. and g., 1872). 19 Otmoor, Oxon. (e). f. t. 19 Flixton, Suffolk, (c). 19 Coombe Abbey, Warwicks. (£). 17 /. and 2 h. ±19 Crichel, Dorset, (c). 18 Wytham, Berks, (c). /. 320 BRITISH BIRDS. [VOL, xxn. 18 Eastdon House, Devon, (d). g. 18 Old Hagg Wood, Lines, (b). h. and /, 17 Lord Wood, Flasby, Yorks. (a), f. 16 Wickham, Hants, (b). f. s. (/.). 16 Stillingfleet Woods, Yorks. (c). f. 14-18 Fonthill House, Wilts. (6). ». and /. (/). 15-16 Virginia Water, Surrey, (b). (n, c. 1900). j. f. and 3 n. ±i5-i6(?)Pwllhead Wood, Monmouth. /., etc. 15 Buscot, Berks, (b), (p). 15 Berrington, Herefordshire, (b). f. r. 15 Althorp Park, Northants. (a). /. 15 Harewood Park, Yorks. (b). h. m. and /. ±15 Knighton Heath Wood, Dorset, (d). m. and o. ± 15 Wootton, I.O.W. (c). /. ±15 Allers Wood, Somerset, (a), n. r. (s 1790 and 1831). 14-16 Bromeswell Heath, Suffolk, (e). m. f, and /. 14 Crofton Hall, Cumberland, (b). kk. h. k, and n. 14 Sharpham, Devon, (a), g, and /. r. 14 Herningford Park, Hunts, (d). 14 Colwick Wood, Notts, (d). g. f, kk. ff. r. 14 Icehouse Copse, Somerset, (e). I. m. n. r. 12-16 Brantharo Court, Suffolk, (e). m. 13 Floriston, Cumberland, (b), m. 13 Appleby, Lines, (c). (m 1908). (s. c. 1870-80), 13 Ham, Staffs, (d. or e.) ff. 13 Bradford Wood, Wilts, (e). f. 12+ Merther, Cornwall, (d). f. 12 Edenhall, Cumberland, (b). m. and I. (r. before 1886). s. ±12 Rusland Moss, Lanes, m. (I), r. ±12 Gailey Pool, Staffs, (d or e). m. 10-14 Trebartha Hall, Cornwall. (I), s. I. n Stadbury Wood, Devon. (6). n Gainford, Durham. (6). I. 11 Stapleford Park, Leics. ip). ff. f. and p. 11 Mautby Hall, Norfolk, (c). 11 Aldwincle, Northants. (d). 11 Savernake, Wilts, (c). g. r. 10-12 Hoveton, Norfolk. {Sennybridge, Brecon. 6 Tre-iorwerth, Anglesey, (c). r. 5 Aberdunant, Caernarvon, (c). /. 4-5 Hensol, Glamorgan, (b). (h. and k, 1872). ±4-5 Rug, Merioneth. (6). 4 Penybont, Radnor, (b). p. 3 Cadnant Island, Anglesey, p, 3 Llidiardan, Cardigan. (6). 3 Llyn Ebyr, Montgomery, (d-e). mm. 3 Nanhoron Park, Caernarvon. (e). p. 3 Bryndraenog Wood, Radnor, (e ?). 2 Ashford, Brecon. 2 Broomhall, Caernarvon, (b). m. 2 Ystumllyn, Caernarvon, (e). 1-3 Solva, Pembroke, q. 1-2 Castell Goifod, Carmarthen. 1 Glynllifon, Caernarvon, (d). p. 1 Voelas, Denbigh, (a), m. 1 Wainddu Common, Radnor. (6). 1 Ystrad, Carmarthen, (e). 1 Porth Lisky, Pembroke. q. Peniarth, Towyn, Merioneth. No information. Pennal, Merioneth.(EN D OF PAR„ T I.) „