THE ECOLOGICAL WEALTH of NATIONS Earth’S Biocapacity As a New Framework for International Cooperation

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THE ECOLOGICAL WEALTH OF NATIONS Earth’s biocapacity as a new framework for international cooperation

The Ecological Power of Nations 3 Contents

Foreword 1 EDITORS Global Footprint Network, promotes a Photograph courtesy of NASA was taken by Steven Goldfinger sustainable economy by advancing the an Expedition 7 crewmember onboard the Pati Poblete International Space Station (ISS). Exploring a new perspective 2 Ecological Footprint, a tool that makes TEXT AND GRAPHICS sustainability measurable. Together with Photograph from Patricio Pillajo courtesy of Biocapacity and the sustainability challenge 3 Susan Burns its partners, the network coordinates Fundación Terra.

William Coleman research, develops methodological Cover photo: Canada. Quebec Province. Brad Ewing Global ecological limits 4 standards and provides decision makers Charlevoix forest. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand. Katsunori Iha with robust resource accounts to help Page 2: Plantation. © Juan Alfonso Peña; Alessandro Galli the human economy operate within the Carrots. © Juan Alfonso Peña; Tomatoes. Ecological Footprint and biocapacity of nations 6 Steven Goldfinger © Juan Alfonso Peña; Corn. © Juan Alfonso Earth’s ecological limits. David Moore Peña; Herbs. © Juan Alfonso Peña; Water. Juan Alfonso Peña Development that fits on one Earth 10 © Patricio Pillajo. Page 5: Anvil clouds over Pati Poblete the Pacific Ocean, NASA Human Spaceflight Anders Reed Collection, ISS007-E-10807, 21 July, 2003. Human Development Index and Ecological Meredith Stechbart Page 11: Ivory Coast. Crowd at Abengourou. Footprint of countries, 2006 12 Mathis Wackernagel © Yann Arthus-Bertrand. Page 14: Kenya. Small African fields. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand. NATIONAL FOOTPRINT Page 22: Ecuador. Sierra region. Fields near Biocapacity constraints and national well-being 16 ACCOUNTS Quito. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand. Page 23: Mali. William Coleman Market gardening near Tombouctou. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand. A new map of the world 18 Brad Ewing Alessandro Galli Published in April 2010 by Global David Moore Footprint Network, Oakland, California, Investment risks and opportunities 20 Anna Oursler United States of America. © 2010 Global Anders Reed Footprint Network. All rights reserved. Meredith Stechbart Interpreting national Footprint Any reproduction in full or in part of this Mathis Wackernagel This report was made possible through publication must mention the title and and biocapacity trends 22 Robert Williams the generous support of the Flora Family credit the aforementioned publisher as the Foundation; Foundation for Global copyright owner. Biocapacity & Ecological Footprint over time GRAPHIC DESIGN Community; Mental Insight Foundation; Skoll Foundation; TAUPO Fund; Luc World, Latin America, North America & Oceania 24 Info Grafik Inc. This report is a revision of an earlier edition Daniela Arias Hoffmann; André and Rosalie Hoffmann; Africa 25 that was written and produced by Juan Catherine Oeri; Lutz Peters; Daniela Juan Alfonso Peña Alfonso Peña, and published in August Asia 26 Schlettwein-Gsell; Peter Seidel; Terry and 2009. Europe 27 PRINTER Mary Vogt; Marie-Christine Wackernagel Hunza Graphics Burckhardt; and Oliver and Bea Wackernagel. Oakland, California, Photographs Data Tables: United States of America. We would also like to acknowledge Global Ecological Footprint and biocapacity Photographs courtesy of Yann Arthus- Footprint Network’s partner organizations of nations, 2005 28 Bertrand from the book Earth from Above: and the Global Footprint Network National 365 Days published by Harry N. Abrams, Inc., © 2001 Harry N. Abrams, Inc. See www. Accounts Committee for their guidance, References and further reading 36 yannarthusbertrand.org and www.goodplanet. contributions and commitment to robust org. National Footprint Accounts. Global Footprint Network partner organizations 37 Foreword

When I was born in 1962 most of the stocks; or we can take out a loan to course, one which all too often seems to world’s countries were using resources be “repaid” at a future date, putting be more about maintaining the “right to and emitting carbon dioxide at a rate more carbon into the air than nature collapse.” We must work with nature’s that their own ecosystems could keep can currently absorb. But for how long budget, not against it, if we are to secure up with. Today, less than 20 percent of can we do this, and at what cost in the human well-being for both current and the world’s population lives in countries interim? Based on current United Nations future generations. where this is still the case. agencies’ projections of moderate population growth, a slight decline in To succeed, and to make this success How do we know this? By using world hunger, partial decarbonization of last, we need to alter the path we are Ecological Footprint accounting, a global energy systems, and a continued on today. I am an unwavering optimist method for calculating society’s use of increase in agricultural productivity, by and am convinced we can. Consider nature’s assets. Based on data from the late 2030s humanity will need the this: If the current trends in biocapacity the United Nations, as well as in-country equivalent of two Earths to keep up with and Footprint represented financial statistical sources, it compares humanity’s our demands. trajectories, every planner, economist Ecological Footprint (the demand our or minister would recognize the urgency Mathis Wackernagel, Ph.D. consumption places on the biosphere) With demand so far out of synch with of changing course, and develop an President, Global Footprint Network with biocapacity (the biosphere’s ability supply, and ecological debt accumulating aggressive agenda for rectifying the to meet this demand), providing a kind from decades of ecological overspending, situation. Nothing less is required with of bank statement for the planet. The it is unrealistic to assume we can even our current ecological trajectory. After results for 2006, which are presented in reach this level of consumption. There just all, more money can be printed, but this report: Our Footprint now overshoots are not that many fisheries to overfish, nature’s assets cannot. the Earth’s biocapacity by more than 40 forests to deforest, or atmospheres to percent. In other words, the planet’s living fill up with CO2 before climate change systems need to grow for about a year wreaks havoc with food and water and five months to meet the demands we supplies. are placing on them in a single year. We have a choice: Maintaining the “right Overshoot is possible only for a limited to develop” – a key motivation behind time. Similar to the financial world, we this publication, and more broadly, the can temporarily eat into our ecological activities of Global Footprint Network savings by drawing down our resource – means moving away from our current

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 1 Exploring a new perspective

This report documents the demand that humanity is put- Conversely, what does it mean for those who are run- Global Footprint Network invites all countries and orga- ting on the Earth’s ecological assets, and the capacity of ning an ecological deficit? nizations to participate in this debate, and to explore the ecosystems to keep up with this demand, both globally implications of the Ecological Footprint and biocapacity and by individual nation. The analysis is primarily based on What are the political, economic, social and strategic data for national development, valuation of ecological statistical information that countries report to the United implications of eight countries controlling more than half services, and international agreements, such as those Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UN FAO), the the planet’s biological capacity? designed to protect biodiversity. In addition, these data UN Development Program (UNDP) and other international provide an important perspective for shaping and evaluat- organizations How can nations work together to best manage ecologi- ing post-Copenhagen initiatives related to the emission cal assets so that they are not depleted or degraded, and capture of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil The purpose of this publication is to provide data rather but rather, can continue to meet human demands while fuels, deforestation and other sources. than policy recommendations, and to open a creative maintaining a healthy biodiversity? debate over the implications of living in a resource- In a world that is confronting simultaneous limits on food, constrained world. Statistics show that humanity is using The data presented in this publication are intended to water, soil, energy, climate and biodiversity, this perspec- resources and turning them into wastes faster than the enhance understanding of the extent, use and distribution tive brings current ecological realities into sharper focus. Earth’s living systems can absorb these wastes or turn of ecological assets, and their relationship to human well- In particular, it can help gauge whether proposed solu- them back into resources. This information is intended to being. It provides an objective and measurable starting tions will result in an absolute reduction in humanity’s raise awareness and catalyze a discussion of the various point for politicians, decision-makers, opinion leaders and ecological overshoot, or will just transfer pressure from risks and opportunities for individual countries created by citizens to address the sustainability challenge — how to one stressed ecosystem to another. this imbalance, exploring questions such as: live well, while living within the means of the planet. This challenge is perhaps the key issue of the 21st century, What does this global ecological overshoot mean to those and how it is resolved will likely determine the fate of countries that use less biological capacity than they have humanity and the rest of the Earth’s species. available?

2 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Biocapacity and the sustainability challenge

Increasing economic globalization and ongoing ecological challenge. We have a rapidly growing world population are been running annual ecological deficits pushing resource consumption and fossil for at least a quarter of a century, and fuel emissions to unprecedented levels. as this debt grows, the ecosystems The ecosystems that provide society that support our health and our with these resources and absorb its economies are in increasing danger of carbon emissions can no longer keep up. deterioration or collapse. We cannot Just as we are moving toward a single continue to ignore the importance global economy, scientists are coming of our ecological assets, and the to see the planet as a single, integrated, fact that they are impacted by both New Zeland Image © The Ministry for the Environment, self-regulating organism. Thus, it is not poverty and affluence. Now, more and will help ensure that surprising that as we surpass ecological than ever, it is essential to recognize investments they make limits, multiple consequences such as that humanity’s health and well-being in development today will climate change, ocean acidification depend on the health and well-being continue to pay dividends tomorrow. and biodiversity loss are emerging of the Earth’s ecosystems. than their own ecosystems can sequester; The Ecological Footprint helps clarify simultaneously. Solving this problem if the world decides that countries will have these risks and opportunities, laying the means addressing not just carbon or any Countries that import food, fiber and timber to pay for these excess emissions, this may foundation for ecologically-sound decision- other single limit in isolation. Instead, resources or products that incorporate entail significant new costs. making and a new global collaboration, one a more holistic approach is required to them are meeting their consumption based on the sharing of ecological assets, ensure that pressure is not just being demands by using ecological assets from Tracking resource and emissions flows is a without their depletion or degradation. shifted from one part of the biosphere to outside their own borders, and are at risk key step in addressing pressure on these another. if demand outpaces supply, or if resource overburdened ecosystems. Reducing this Throughout this publication, you will shortages develop in the exporting country. pressure is not just altruistic. While doing see demonstrated the growing need for The Ecological Footprint, a resource Countries exporting these resources are so will benefit all of humanity and many nations to recognize the value of their own accounting tool, takes such a holistic using their ecological assets to generate other species, it is also in the self-interest ecological assets, as well as the need to approach by tracking flows of resources revenue flows, in addition to meeting their of nations to know how much natural find a way for humanity to live well, within and carbon emissions through production, own needs, and thus are at economic risk capital they have and how much they are the means of our planet. You will also learn consumption and trade to show where if domestic demand for these resources using. Understanding whose ecological more about the Ecological Footprint, and ecological assets are available and grows, or if resource productivity, and thus assets they are dependent on and who what it tells us about the current ecological where they are being used. Such a tool export income, declines. In addition, many is dependent on theirs will help nations balances of both individual countries and is vital in addressing the dangers of our countries generate more carbon emissions identify both risks and opportunities, the world as a whole.

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 3 Global Ecological Limits 12 Figure 1: Human Demand on the Biosphere, 1961-2006 The Ecological Footprint measures the to keep up with our consumption. Stay- 1.5 area of biologically productive land and ing on this course would quickly diminish Biocapacity water required to provide the resources our room to maneuver, and the well-being used and absorb the carbon dioxide of many of the planet’s residents would Footprint waste generated by human activity, under be increasingly at risk. 1 Earth current technology. Accounting for a country’s consumption Footprint starts In 2006, by September 11, humanity had with all goods and services produced used all the combined resource produc- in that country, then adds imports and tion and carbon sequestration capacity 0.5 subtracts exports. that the planet’s ecosystems had available for that entire year. Since the mid-

Ecological Footprint Biocapacity is the area of productive land 1980s, when global ecological overshoot Biocapacity and water available to produce resources first became a consistent reality, we 0.0 1960 1975 1990 2005 or absorb carbon dioxide waste, given have been drawing down the biosphere’s current management practices. Both the principal rather than living off its annual Ecological Footprint and biocapacity are interest. To support our consumption, we measured in standard units called global have been liquidating resource stocks Human Demand hectares (gha). One gha represents a and allowing carbon dioxide to accumu- In 1961 we used a little hectare of forest, cropland, grazing land late in the atmosphere. or fishing grounds with world average more than half of the Earth’s productivity. Ecological overshoot is possible only for a limited time before ecosystems begin biocapacity; in 2006 we used While economies, populations and to degrade and possibly collapse. This 44% more than was available. resource demands grow, the size of the can already be seen in water shortages, planet remains the same. In 2006, hu- desertification, erosion, reduced cropland manity’s Footprint exceeded global bio- productivity, overgrazing, deforestation, capacity by 44 percent (Figure 1). Moder- rapid extinction of species, collapse of ate United Nations projections suggest fisheries and global climate change. New demand will grow significantly faster than consequences of overshoot are regularly biocapacity, and that by the late 2030s, being discovered, and others may only the capacity of two Earths will be needed become apparent long into the future.

4 The Ecological Wealth of Nations The biosphere is made up of complex, interactive systems that If these changes exceed certain thresholds conditions could de- Photo of anvil clouds over the Pacific Ocean. NASA, 21 July, 2003 are often unpredictable. Air, water, land, and life -- including hu- part from those that were present during the course of human man life -- combine forces to create a constantly changing world. evolution, making the planet a less hospitable place to us to live.

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 5 Ecological Footprint and biocapacity of nations

3000

2500

2000

1500 Built-up Land Forest Land 1000 Figure 2. Total Ecological Footprint, by country, 2006 Fishing Ground

Global hectares (millions) Global hectares Grazing Land 500 Cropland Carbon Footprint 30000 Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali Haiti Iraq Iran Peru India Mali Italy Chile Cuba Chad Niger Haiti Israel Spain Egypt Benin Peru China Laos India Latvia Japan Oman Syria Chile Sudan Chad Cuba Niger Libya Bolivia Eritrea Congo Israel Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Ireland Jordan Yemen Algeria Austria France Angola Poland Benin Egypt Spain Nigeria Mexico Tunisia China Croatia Guinea Latvia Finland Greece Oman Djibouti Japan Estonia Albania Zambia Belarus Norway Ukraine Canada Gambia Sudan Congo Eritrea Bolivia Belgium Somalia Bulgaria Ghana Senegal Kuwait Namibia Liberia Turkey Portugal Armenia Panama Jordan Russia Ecuador Ireland Yemen Slovakia Hungary Moldova Angola France Poland Austria Algeria Pakistan Thailand Slovenia Morocco Mexico Nigeria Lebanon Tunisia Guinea Croatia Romania Greece Finland Lithuania Denmark Zambia Estonia Albania Djibouti Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany

2500 Norway Belarus Myanmar Sri Lanka Sri Colombia Ukraine Argentina Paraguay Gambia Canada Honduras Botswana Somalia Belgium Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Singapore Nicaragua Panama Cambodia Armenia Ecuador Portugal Zimbabwe Moldova Hungary Slovakia Mauritania Cameroon Morocco Slovenia Pakistan Thailand Azerbaijan Lebanon Costa Rica Costa Guatemala Romania Tanzania Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Denmark Lithuania Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Myanmar Switzerland Colombia Sri Lanka Kazakhstan Paraguay Argentina Honduras South Africa South Netherlands Botswana Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Côte Cambodia Nicaragua Singapore Saudi Arabia Saudi Zimbabwe Sierra Leone Sierra Cameroon Mauritania Venezuela Azerbaijan Burkina Faso Burkina New Zealand New United States United Turkmenistan Guatemala Costa Rica Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Switzerland Kazakhstan Guinea-Bissau Netherlands South Africa South Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Congo, DRC Czech Republic Czech Korea, North Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone United Kingdom United New Zealand Burkina Faso Solomon Islands Solomon United States Turkmenistan Korea, South Guinea-Bissau 2000 of Republic Korea, Czech Republic Russian Federation Russian Papua New Guinea New Papua Dominican Rep. United Kingdom Dominican Republic Dominican Solomon Islands Syrian Arab Republic Arab Syrian United Arab Emirates Arab United Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Iran, Islamic Republic of Republic Islamic Iran, Central African Republic African Central Papua New Guinea Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosnia Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates

1500 of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, Built-up Land Republic Democratic People's Lao 1000 Forest Land Figure 3. Total Biocapacity, by country, 2006 of Republic People's Democratic Korea, Fishing Ground 500 Grazing Land Cropland

Global hectares (millions) Global hectares 0 Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali Haiti Iraq Iran Peru India Mali Italy Chile Cuba Chad Niger Haiti Israel Benin Spain Egypt Peru China Laos India Latvia Japan Oman Syria Chile Sudan Cuba Chad Libya Niger Eritrea Bolivia Congo Israel Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Ireland Jordan Yemen Austria Algeria France Benin Poland Angola Egypt Spain Nigeria Mexico Tunisia China Croatia Guinea Latvia Finland Greece Oman Djibouti Japan Albania Estonia Zambia Belarus Norway Ukraine Gambia Canada Sudan Congo Eritrea Bolivia Somalia Belgium Bulgaria Ghana Namibia Kuwait Senegal Liberia Turkey Portugal Armenia Panama Jordan Russia Ireland Ecuador Yemen Slovakia Moldova Hungary France Poland Angola Algeria Austria Slovenia Thailand Pakistan Morocco Mexico Nigeria Lebanon Tunisia Guinea Croatia Romania Greece Finland Lithuania Denmark Zambia Albania Estonia Djibouti Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany Norway Belarus Myanmar Sri Lanka Sri Colombia Ukraine Argentina Paraguay Gambia Canada Honduras Botswana Belgium Somalia Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Singapore Nicaragua Panama Cambodia Armenia Ecuador Portugal Zimbabwe Moldova Hungary Slovakia Mauritania Cameroon Morocco Slovenia Thailand Pakistan Azerbaijan Lebanon Costa Rica Costa Guatemala Romania Tanzania Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Denmark Lithuania Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Myanmar Switzerland Colombia Sri Lanka Kazakhstan Paraguay Argentina Honduras South Africa South Netherlands Botswana Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Côte Cambodia Singapore Nicaragua Saudi Arabia Saudi Zimbabwe Sierra Leone Sierra Cameroon Venezuela Mauritania Azerbaijan Burkina Faso Burkina New Zealand New United States United Turkmenistan Guatemala Costa Rica Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Switzerland Kazakhstan Guinea-Bissau Netherlands South Africa South Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Korea, North Czech Republic Czech Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone United Kingdom United Korea, South New Zealand Burkina Faso Congo, DRC Solomon Islands Solomon United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Korea, Republic of Republic Korea, Czech Republic Russian Federation Russian Papua New Guinea New Papua Dominican Rep. United Kingdom Dominican Republic Dominican Solomon Islands Syrian Arab Republic Arab Syrian United Arab Emirates Arab United Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Iran, Islamic Republic of Republic Islamic Iran, Central African Republic African Central Papua New Guinea Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosnia Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. 6 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Arab United Emirates Tanzania, United Republic of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, Lao People's Democratic Republic Democratic People's Lao Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Republic People's Democratic Korea, 1.5

Built-up Land

Forest Land 1 Earth Global biocapacity 3000 Fishing Ground

Grazing Land 2500 0.5 Cropland 2000 Carbon Footprint

1500 Built-up Land 0.0 Forest Land 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 1000 Fishing Ground Figure 4. Humanity’s Ecological Footprint, by component, 1961-2006 Grazing Land 500 Cropland Figure x. Humanity’s Ecological Footprint, by component, 1961-2006 Carbon Footprint 3000 0 Note: in order to get x-axis starting at 1960, a data point of zero was included. So that this Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali

data point doesn’t show up on the graph, white boxes wereHaiti placed to cover them up. Iraq Iran Peru India Mali Italy Chile Cuba Chad Niger Haiti Israel Spain Egypt Benin Peru China Laos India Latvia Japan Oman Syria Chile Sudan Chad Cuba Niger Libya Bolivia Eritrea Congo Israel Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Ireland Jordan Yemen Algeria Austria France Angola Poland Benin Egypt Spain Nigeria Mexico Tunisia China Croatia Guinea Latvia Finland Greece Oman Djibouti Japan Estonia Albania Zambia Belarus Norway Ukraine Canada Gambia Sudan Congo Eritrea Bolivia Belgium Somalia Bulgaria Ghana Senegal Kuwait Namibia Liberia Turkey Portugal Armenia Panama Jordan Russia Ecuador Ireland Yemen Slovakia Hungary Moldova Angola France Poland Austria Algeria Pakistan Thailand Slovenia Morocco Mexico Nigeria Lebanon Tunisia Guinea Croatia Romania Greece Finland Lithuania Denmark Zambia Estonia Albania Djibouti Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany

1500 of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, Built-up Land Republic Democratic People's Lao 1000 Forest Land Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Republic People's Democratic Korea, Fishing Ground 500 Grazing Land Cropland

0 Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali Haiti Iraq Iran Peru India Mali Italy Chile Cuba Chad Niger Haiti Israel Benin Spain Egypt Peru China Laos India Latvia Japan Oman Syria Chile Sudan Cuba Chad Libya Niger Eritrea Bolivia Congo Israel Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Ireland Jordan Yemen Austria Algeria France Benin Poland Angola Egypt Spain Nigeria Mexico Tunisia China Croatia Guinea Latvia Finland Greece Oman Djibouti Japan Albania Estonia Zambia Belarus Norway Ukraine Gambia Canada Sudan Congo Eritrea Bolivia Somalia Belgium Bulgaria Ghana Namibia Kuwait Senegal Liberia Turkey Portugal Armenia Panama Jordan Russia Ireland Ecuador Yemen Slovakia Hungary Moldova France Poland Angola Algeria Austria Thailand Slovenia Pakistan Morocco Mexico Nigeria Lebanon Tunisia Guinea Croatia Romania Greece Finland Lithuania Denmark Zambia Albania Estonia Djibouti Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany Norway Belarus Myanmar Sri Lanka Sri Colombia Ukraine Argentina Paraguay Gambia Canada Honduras Botswana Belgium Somalia Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Singapore Nicaragua Panama Cambodia Armenia Ecuador Portugal Zimbabwe Moldova Hungary Slovakia Mauritania Cameroon Morocco Slovenia Thailand Pakistan Azerbaijan Lebanon Costa Rica Costa Guatemala Romania Tanzania Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Denmark Lithuania Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Myanmar Switzerland Colombia Sri Lanka Kazakhstan Paraguay Argentina Honduras South Africa South Netherlands Botswana Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Côte Cambodia Singapore Nicaragua Saudi Arabia Saudi Zimbabwe Sierra Leone Sierra Cameroon Venezuela Mauritania Azerbaijan Burkina Faso Burkina New Zealand New United States United Turkmenistan Guatemala Costa Rica Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Switzerland Kazakhstan Guinea-Bissau Netherlands South Africa South Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Korea, North Czech Republic Czech Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone United Kingdom United Korea, South New Zealand Burkina Faso Congo, DRC Solomon Islands Solomon United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Korea, Republic of Republic Korea, Czech Republic Russian Federation Russian Papua New Guinea New Papua Dominican Rep. United Kingdom Dominican Republic Dominican Solomon Islands Syrian Arab Republic Arab Syrian United Arab Emirates Arab United Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Iran, Islamic Republic of Republic Islamic Iran, Central African Republic African Central Papua New Guinea Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosnia Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates The Ecological Wealth of Nations 7 Tanzania, United Republic of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, Lao People's Democratic Republic Democratic People's Lao Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Republic People's Democratic Korea, 10 Figure 5. Per Capita Ecological Footprint, by country, 2006 Built-up Land Forest Land 8 Fishing Ground 6 Grazing Land Cropland 4 Carbon Footprint 2 Global biocapacity: 1.8 global hectares per capita, with no allocation to support biodiversity

Global hectares (per capita) Global hectares 0 Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali Haiti Peru India Iraq Iran Chile Mali Italy Cuba Chad Niger Israel Spain Benin Egypt Haiti China Latvia Peru Japan Oman Laos India Sudan Syria Chile Bolivia Eritrea Congo Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Chad Cuba Ireland Niger Libya Jordan Yemen Austria Algeria France Poland Angola Israel Nigeria Mexico Tunisia Croatia Guinea Egypt Benin Spain Finland Greece China Djibouti Estonia Albania Zambia Belarus Norway Latvia Ukraine Oman Japan Canada Gambia Belgium Somalia Bulgaria Sudan Namibia Senegal Portugal Armenia Panama Congo Eritrea Ecuador Bolivia Slovakia Hungary Moldova Ghana Kuwait Liberia Turkey Slovenia Thailand Pakistan Morocco Russia Jordan Ireland Yemen Lebanon France Angola Poland Austria Algeria Romania Mexico Nigeria Tunisia Lithuania Denmark Guinea Croatia Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany Greece Finland Myanmar Zambia Sri Lanka Sri Colombia Estonia Albania Djibouti Argentina Paraguay Norway Belarus Honduras Ukraine Botswana Gambia Canada Singapore Nicaragua Cambodia Somalia Belgium Zimbabwe Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Mauritania Cameroon Panama Armenia Ecuador Portugal Azerbaijan Moldova Hungary Slovakia Morocco Thailand Pakistan Slovenia Costa Rica Costa Guatemala Lebanon Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Romania Tanzania Denmark Lithuania Switzerland Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Kazakhstan Myanmar Colombia Sri Lanka South Africa South Netherlands Paraguay Argentina Honduras Madagascar Botswana Côte d'Ivoire Côte Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Sierra Cambodia Nicaragua Singapore Zimbabwe Cameroon Venezuela Burkina Faso Burkina New Zealand New Mauritania Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Guatemala Costa Rica Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Switzerland Guinea-Bissau Kazakhstan Netherlands South Africa South Madagascar Czech Republic Czech Côte d'Ivoire United Kingdom United Congo, DRC Korea, North Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Korea, South Solomon Islands Solomon New Zealand Burkina Faso United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Korea, Republic of Republic Korea, Russian Federation Russian Papua New Guinea New Papua Czech Republic Dominican Republic Dominican Dominican Rep. United Kingdom Solomon Islands Syrian Arab Republic Arab Syrian United Arab Emirates Arab United Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Iran, Islamic Republic of Republic Islamic Iran, Central African Republic African Central Papua New Guinea Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosnia United States of America of States United Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates Tanzania, United Republic of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, 20 Republic Democratic People's Lao Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Republic People's Democratic Korea, 18

16 Figure 6. Per Capita Biocapacity, by country, 2006 14

8 Built-up Land Forest Land 6 Fishing Ground

Global hectares (per capita) Global hectares Grazing Land 4 Cropland 2

0 Fiji Iran Iraq Mali Italy Haiti Peru Laos India Syria Chile Cuba Chad Libya Niger Israel Spain Benin Egypt China Latvia Oman Japan Sudan Congo Bolivia Eritrea Ghana Kuwait Liberia Turkey Russia Jordan Ireland Yemen France Angola Poland Austria Algeria Mexico Nigeria Tunisia Guinea Croatia Greece Finland Zambia Estonia Albania Djibouti Norway Belarus Ukraine Gambia Canada Belgium Somalia Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Panama Armenia Ecuador Portugal Moldova Hungary Slovakia Morocco Thailand Pakistan Slovenia Lebanon Romania Tanzania Denmark Lithuania Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Myanmar Colombia Sri Lanka Paraguay Argentina Honduras Botswana Cambodia Nicaragua Singapore Zimbabwe Cameroon Venezuela Mauritania Azerbaijan Guatemala Costa Rica Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Switzerland Kazakhstan Netherlands Korea,North South Africa South Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Congo, DRC Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Korea, South New Zealand Burkina Faso United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Czech Republic United Kingdom Dominican Rep. Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates

8 The Ecological Wealth of Nations 10 Built-up Land Forest Land 8 Fishing Ground 6 Grazing Land Cropland 4 Carbon Footprint 2 Global biocapacity: 1.8 global hectares per capita, with no allocation to support biodiversity

0 Fiji Fiji Iraq Italy Mali Haiti Peru India Iraq Iran Chile Mali Italy Cuba Chad Niger Israel Spain Benin Egypt Haiti China Latvia Peru Japan Oman Laos India Sudan Syria Chile Bolivia Eritrea Congo Liberia Kuwait Ghana Turkey Chad Cuba Ireland Niger Libya Jordan Yemen Austria Algeria France Poland Angola Israel Nigeria Mexico Tunisia Croatia Guinea Egypt Benin Spain Finland Greece China Estonia Djibouti Albania Zambia Belarus Norway Latvia Ukraine Oman Japan Canada Gambia Belgium Somalia Bulgaria Sudan Namibia Senegal Portugal Armenia Panama Congo Eritrea Ecuador Bolivia Slovakia Hungary Moldova Ghana Kuwait Liberia Turkey Slovenia Thailand Pakistan Morocco Russia Jordan Ireland Yemen Lebanon France Angola Poland Austria Algeria Romania Mexico Nigeria Tunisia Lithuania Denmark Guinea Croatia Viet Nam Viet Tajikistan Germany Greece Finland Myanmar Zambia Sri Lanka Sri Colombia Estonia Albania Djibouti Argentina Paraguay Norway Belarus Honduras Ukraine Botswana Gambia Canada Singapore Nicaragua Cambodia Somalia Belgium Zimbabwe Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Mauritania Cameroon Panama Armenia Ecuador Portugal Azerbaijan Moldova Hungary Slovakia Morocco Thailand Pakistan Slovenia Costa Rica Costa Guatemala Lebanon Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Romania Tanzania Denmark Lithuania Switzerland Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Kazakhstan Myanmar Colombia Sri Lanka South Africa South Netherlands Paraguay Argentina Honduras Madagascar Botswana Côte d'Ivoire Côte Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Sierra Cambodia Nicaragua Singapore Zimbabwe Cameroon Venezuela New Zealand New Burkina Faso Burkina Mauritania Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Guatemala Costa Rica Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Switzerland Guinea-Bissau Kazakhstan Netherlands South Africa South Madagascar Czech Republic Czech Côte d'Ivoire United Kingdom United Congo, DRC Korea, North Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Korea, South Solomon Islands Solomon New Zealand Burkina Faso United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Korea, Republic of Republic Korea, Russian Federation Russian Papua New Guinea New Papua Czech Republic Dominican Republic Dominican Dominican Rep. United Kingdom Solomon Islands Syrian Arab Republic Arab Syrian United Arab Emirates Arab United Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Arab Libyan Iran, Islamic Republic of Republic Islamic Iran, Central African Republic African Central Papua New Guinea Bosnia and Herzegovina and Bosnia United States of America of States United Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates Tanzania, United Republic of Republic United Tanzania, Congo, Democratic Republic of Republic Democratic Congo, Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of Republic Bolivarian Venezuela, 20 Republic Democratic People's Lao Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Republic People's Democratic Korea, 18

8 Built-up Land Forest Land 6 Fishing Ground Grazing Land 4 Cropland 2

0 Fiji Iran Iraq Mali Italy Haiti Peru Laos India Chile Syria Chad Cuba Niger Libya Israel Spain Benin Egypt China Latvia Oman Japan Sudan Congo Bolivia Eritrea Ghana Kuwait Liberia Turkey Russia Jordan Ireland Yemen France Angola Poland Austria Algeria Mexico Nigeria Tunisia Guinea Croatia Greece Finland Zambia Estonia Albania Djibouti Norway Belarus Ukraine Canada Gambia Belgium Somalia Namibia Senegal Bulgaria Panama Armenia Ecuador Portugal Hungary Moldova Slovakia Morocco Thailand Slovenia Pakistan Lebanon Romania Tanzania Denmark Lithuania Viet Nam Germany Tajikistan Myanmar Colombia Sri Lanka Paraguay Argentina Honduras Botswana Cambodia Nicaragua Singapore Zimbabwe Cameroon Venezuela Mauritania Azerbaijan Guatemala Costa Rica Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Switzerland Kazakhstan Netherlands Korea,North South Africa South Madagascar Côte d'Ivoire Congo, DRC Saudi Arabia Saudi Sierra Leone Korea, South New Zealand Burkina Faso United States Turkmenistan Guinea-Bissau Czech Republic United Kingdom Dominican Rep. Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Bosnia\Herzegovina Central AfricanCentral Rep. United Arab United Emirates

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 9 Development that fits on one Earth

Humanity’s challenge is to live well, while living within the capacity of the planet, and not degrading ecological assets to the detriment of future generations. This is the challenge of sustainable development.

Can living well be measured? The United Nations Hu- capita biocapacity available on the planet — 1.8 global man Development Index (HDI) measures life expectancy, hectares, as of 2006. This figure assumes that humans education and literacy, and the ability to purchase needed will use all of the Earth’s biocapacity. However, if we want goods and services. On a scale of 0.0 to 1.0, the UN de- to ensure the stability of the world’s ecosystems and fines a score of 0.8 as the threshold that indicates a high the many services they provide humanity, a significant level of development. percentage of this ecological budget must be allocated to support biodiversity. Thus in reality the area available But development can only be sustained if it is done within to support each individual on the planet is less than 1.8 the Earth’s ecological limits. This means that the average global hectares. person’s Ecological Footprint must not exceed the per

Ivory Coast. Crowd at Abengourou. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand

10 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Title

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 11 Human Development Index and Ecological Footprint of countries, 2006

As populations expand, the total demand for ecological resources typically increases, while the biocapacity available to support each individual’s consumption shrinks.

World population is rising at 1.3 percent a year. At globally sustainable society is to be achieved. this rate, population doubles approximately every On average, countries would enjoy a high level of 50 years. This lowers the per capita Footprint development, with an HDI score above 0.8, and threshold for sustainable development, making it have an average Ecological Footprint less than the more difficult to attain. biocapacity available per person on the planet, 1.8 global hectares as of 2006. Note that in 1961 Economic growth often comes in the form of it would have been easier to meet the Footprint increased per capita consumption of goods and threshold; with considerably fewer people on the services. When this is not offset by increased planet sharing the Earth’s bounty, the biocapacity material and energy efficiency in the production available per person then was about double what it of these goods and services, this means a larger was 45 years later. per capita Footprint. While some countries may need to increase consumption just to meet basic Figure 7 shows where countries stood relative to needs, on a global scale an increase in the average these two criteria in 2006. Countries meeting both Footprint makes sustainable development that criteria would be located in the blue quadrant. In much more elusive. spite of international recognition almost 20 years earlier of the need for sustainable development, no Taken together, the HDI and Footprint thresholds single country was found there, nor on average was define minimum criteria that must be met if a the world as a whole.

12 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Figure 7. Human Development Index and Ecological Footprint, 2006 12 Human Development Index data from UNDP, Human Development Report, 2009 12

1010 Ecological Footprint (global hectares per capita) Ecological Footprint (global hectares

UNDP threshold for high human development UNDP 66

World average biocapacity per capita in 1961 44 Ecological Footprint (global hectares per capita) Ecological Footprint (global hectares

African countries

Asian countries World average biocapacity per capita in 2006 2 European countries 2 Latin American and Caribbean countries High human development within the Earth’s limits North American countries Oceanian countries 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

UnitedUnited Nations Nations Human Human Development Development Index Index

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 13

Figure 7. Human Development Index and Ecological Footprint, 2006

Sources: Global Footprint Network, National Footprint Accounts, 2009 Edition; UNDP. Human Development Report, 2009. Title

14 The Ecological Wealth of Nations We’re going to have to think of ourselves as a subsystem, part of the natural world and that we depend upon it in two ways: we’ll have to take from the natural world resources at a rate at which the natural world can regenerate and we’ll have to throw back the wastes from using those natural resources at a rate the natural world can assimilate.

Herman Daly

Kenya. Small African fields. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 15 Figure x. Net biocapacity, by country, 2006 Biocapacity constraints and national well-being 400

Figure 8. Net Biocapacity, by country, 2006 Biocapacity larger than Ecological Footprint

200 Biocapacity larger than Ecological Footprint Ecological Footprint larger than biocapacity

Ecological Footprint larger than biocapacity Zimbabwe Bulgaria Albania Tanzania Hungary Yemen Bosnia\Herzegovina Croatia Lebanon Tunisia Dominican Rep. Belarus Guatemala Romania Libya Jordan Denmark Azerbaijan Sri Lanka Ghana Slovakia Morocco Cuba Syria Austria Ireland Singapore Korea, North Kuwait Ukraine Uzbekistan Czech Republic Iraq Switzerland Portugal Israel Algeria Arab Emirates United Nam Viet Thailand Belgium Greece Africa South Arabia Saudi Netherlands Pakistan Poland Egypt Turkey Nigeria France Iran Mexico Korea, South Germany Spain Italy United Kingdom Japan India China United States 0 Djibouti Burkina Faso Fiji Honduras Benin Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Haiti Moldova Tajikistan Oman Armenia Slovenia Costa Rica Mali Peru Laos Chile Chad Niger Latvia Sudan Bolivia Congo Eritrea Liberia Russia Angola Guinea Finland Zambia Estonia Norway Canada Gambia Somalia Namibia Senegal Panama Ecuador Lithuania Myanmar Colombia Paraguay Argentina Botswana Cambodia Nicaragua Cameroon Mauritania Venezuela Kyrgyzstan Madagascar Congo, DRC Sierra Leone

-200 New Zealand Guinea-Bissau Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Central African Rep. Central

-400 In an ever more globalized world, countries meet the Agriculture Organization began warning about control of increasingly scarce natural resources will demand for the resources they consume by using absolute rather than distributional global food expand over the coming decades (UNEP, 2009). both their own biocapacity, and the biocapacity shortages (Rosenthal, 2007). One response has been -600 of other countries. With continuing growth in an international “biocapacity grab,” with countries Countries also make demands on biocapacity world population and, in many places, per capita buying up the rights to food production — that is, external to their own borders through the

Global hectares (millions) Global hectares consumption, competition for resources is rapidly buying cropland biocapacity in other countries in emissions of carbon dioxide that come from increasing. As prices rise and shortages develop, order to ensure a continuing adequate supply of burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial -800 countries may find it difficult to maintain their food. processes such as cement manufacturing. These economies and the well-being of their residents Saudi Arabia, for example, has contracted for emissions quickly disperse throughout the global -- and to achieve sought-after development goals the use of large areas of land in Ethiopia, while atmosphere. Biocapacity somewhere on the planet -1,000 or even to sustain existing successes. Wealthier South Korean companies have tried, thus far is needed to sequester them if their accumulation countries will likely be buffered from the impacts of unsuccessfully, to obtain growing rights to half of the in the atmosphere is to be avoided. With climate these resource shortages longer than countries with arable land in Madagascar (Rice, 2009). agreements, there soon may be significant costs less purchasing power. imposed for emitting carbon dioxide, as well as -1,200 In addition to these attempts to purchase significant economic benefits for those countries These shortages have already started to become biocapacity, a recent report by the UN Environmental that have more sequestration capacity than they apparent. In December 2007, the UN Food and Programme suggests that military conflicts over are using.

-1,400 Figure x. Net biocapacity, by country, 2006

400

200 Zimbabwe Bulgaria Albania Tanzania Hungary Yemen Bosnia\Herzegovina Croatia Lebanon Tunisia Dominican Rep. Belarus Guatemala Romania Libya Jordan Denmark Azerbaijan Sri Lanka Ghana Slovakia Morocco Cuba Syria Austria Ireland Singapore Korea, North Kuwait Ukraine Uzbekistan Czech Republic Iraq Switzerland Portugal Israel Algeria Arab Emirates United Nam Viet Thailand Belgium Greece Africa South Arabia Saudi Netherlands Pakistan Poland Egypt Turkey Nigeria France Iran Mexico Korea, South Germany Spain Italy United Kingdom Japan India China United States 0 Djibouti Burkina Faso Fiji Honduras Benin Turkmenistan Kazakhstan Haiti Moldova Tajikistan Oman Armenia Slovenia Costa Rica Mali Peru Laos Chile Chad Niger Latvia Sudan Bolivia Congo Eritrea Liberia Russia Angola Guinea Finland Zambia Estonia Norway Canada Gambia Somalia Namibia Senegal Panama Ecuador Lithuania Myanmar Colombia Paraguay Argentina Botswana Cambodia Nicaragua Cameroon Mauritania Venezuela Kyrgyzstan Madagascar Congo, DRC Sierra Leone

-200 New Zealand Guinea-Bissau Solomon Islands Papua New Guinea Central African Rep. Central

-400 The demands on biocapacity from carbon emissions to increase carbon emissions in the short term, while are not independent of the demands on biocapacity reducing sequestration capacity in the long term. for resources; thus, it is necessary to consider these -600 demands together. For example, current methods of Whether used for the production of resources or for food production heavily depend on the use of fossil carbon sequestration, each country and the world as fuels to create fertilizer and to power mechanized a whole has limited biocapacity, and must therefore agriculture. If fossil fuel use is phased-out, demand decide how much is to be budgeted for resource -800 for sequestration capacity will be reduced, but if production and how much for carbon sequestration. yields then decline, more cropland may be required Aggregating the Footprints of resource use and CO2 to meet world food demands. If biofuels are used emissions and comparing the total with available -1,000 to substitute for some fossil fuel use, the additional biocapacity can help reveal whether proposed area required to grow biomass for fuel production strategies for addressing resource shortages and may mean more total cropland will be required if climate change are reducing national, as well as food production is not to be displaced. Where will global overshoot, or are simply shifting demand from -1,200 this new cropland come from? If by conversion of one type of ecosystem to another. forest to cropland, the resultant deforestation is likely

-1,400 The Ecological Wealth of Nations 17 A new map of the world

“The world will How much is a country relying on domestic, versus of these assets in the face of political, economic and foreign, biocapacity to satisfy its own consumption climatic challenges, can help a country manage its no longer be divided demands? How much of its biocapacity is being used to imports and select its trading partners to reduce the bolster its economy through exports? If the Footprint of risks that come from exposure to trade in an increasingly by the ideologies a country’s production does not exceed its own bioca- resource-constrained world. pacity, can this remaining biocapacity be managed for of ‘left’ and ‘right,’ sequestration of carbon emissions and thereby earn Map 1 in Figure 9 compares each country’s total con- carbon credits? Knowing the answers to such questions sumption Footprint with the biocapacity available within but by those who can help a country better manage its economic and its own borders. In 1961, most of the world’s population social well-being. was living in countries that, in net terms, could provide accept ecological limits and the food, fiber and timber they were consuming and Many countries rely, in net terms, on the biocapacity of absorb their carbon emissions. By 2006 the situation those who don’t.” other nations to meet domestic demands for goods and had radically changed, with less than 20 percent of the Wolfgang Sachs, Wuppertal Institute services. For example: Japan imports Ecuadorian wood world’s population living in countries that can keep up to make paper; Europe imports meat fed on Brazilian with their own demands. soy; the United States imports Peruvian cotton; and China obtains lumber from Tanzania. Reintegrating human society into the larger ecological community will take a new social and economic archi- Because disruptions of this supply chain can negatively tecture, one more aligned with the Earth’s physiology. impact their economies and their quality of life, countries The old geopolitical paradigm will need to give way to that are importing renewable resources are dependent a new biopolitical one, and with this shift will come a on how well both their own ecological assets and those transition from competition to collaboration, a richness of their trading partners are being managed. Know- of new possibilities, and creative new solutions for living ing where this biocapacity is located, and the stability well without transgressing the Earth’s ecological limits.

18 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Figure 9. Footprint of Consumption Compared to Biocapacity, 1961 and 2006

Footprint more than 150% larger than biocapacity Footprint 100-150% larger than biocapacity Footprint 50-100% larger than biocapacity Footprint 0-50% larger than biocapacity Biocapacity 0-50% larger than Footprint 1961 Biocapacity 50-100% larger than Footprint Biocapacity 100-150% larger than Footprint Biocapacity more than 150% larger than Footprint Insufficient data

2006 The Ecological Wealth of Nations 19 Investment risks and opportunities

Figure 10. Lifespans of People, Assets and Infrastructure Achieving a sustainable society means, 2.5 Car at a minimum, getting out — and staying out — 9 yrs* Nuclear power station of ecological overshoot. Doing so 2 Earths US/europe avg 40 years Long term waste Highway will require both demand-side and supply- climate change, ecosystem degradation, and 20-50 years side management of the resources society possible permanent losses of productivity. 1.5 Bridge uses and the wastes it generates. On the 30-75 years demand side, three factors determine the The good news is that change is possible, Coal power station size of a country’s, or the world’s, Ecological and that those who provide the strategies, 30-75 years Footprint: population (the number of people technologies, products and services that 1 Earth Human consuming); per capita consumption (the support the transition to sustainability will be National avgs 32-82 years amount of goods and services each person at a distinct advantage. Countries that find uses); and resource and waste intensity ways to create the greatest improvements Commercial building design 0.5 50-100 years (the efficiency with which these goods and in the well-being of their people on the services are produced). On the supply side, smallest Footprints, while maintaining or Housing, railway and dam 50-100 years the amount of biocapacity available to meet even expanding their biocapacity, will be *US Avg this demand is a function of how much more resilient in the face of growing resource 0.0 productive area is available, and how much constraints and rising costs for carbon 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100 it yields. emissions, and will be able to maintain their development gains. New technologies that Business As Usual Remaining on our current path is not a viable allow leapfrogging over formerly resource- option — ecological limits have already been intensive phases of development that are transgressed, wastes are accumulating in no longer necessary can help make this the atmosphere and the oceans, ecosystems possible. Businesses that are early adopters that we depend on are in decline all over the in providing technological and other planet. In a world of overshoot, business- solutions will gain market advantage and as-usual means exasperating an already remain relevant and competitive in a rapidly growing ecological debt. This risks further changing world.

20 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Infrastructure, because of its long life, will play an especially important role in determining whether the sustainability challenge will be successfully met.

The energy, transportation, housing and that support it are especially critical. Cities provide manufacturing systems we build today will be unique opportunities for achieving efficiency gains with us long into the future (Figure 8). If we invest in housing and mobility systems while improving in systems that can operate on a small Footprint, quality of life. Utilities providing energy, water and that do not have negative impacts on biocapacity, waste management services can be integrated to and that are flexible and resilient in face of generate Footprint reductions that in less densely changing resource constraints, they will provide populated areas might be more difficult to attain. lasting benefits. If, on the other hand, we design infrastructure that is dependent on a high level of In addition to physical infrastructure, improvement resource throughput, or that damages or depletes in intellectual infrastructure, particularly in the ecological services that make its operation education and health care, will play an essential possible, any benefits gained will be at best short- role. Education helps shape values, provides a lived. Similarly, the way we manage agricultural, framework for understanding sustainability, and water and forestry systems will determine whether builds the skills to develop solutions and new ideas. they will be able to provide an ongoing stream of In countries with rapidly expanding populations, renewable resources and carbon sequestration education, especially of women, along with services. improved health care and access to family planning options, can help mitigate the contribution of With more than half the world’s population already population growth to local and global overshoot. living in cities, and that percentage expected to grow, urban infrastructure and the supply chains

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 21 Interpreting national Footprint and biocapacity trends

From 1961 to 2006, biocapacity per to produce goods for export, absorb carry risks: Overharvested ecosystems Footprint trends clearly show that capita in most countries declined, often carbon dioxide from other countries, or be may lose productivity and collapse, and its net biocapacity surplus is rapidly precipitously. This was not typically due set aside to protect biodiversity. All these trade partners can decrease quantities disappearing, and it may soon run an to a loss of ecological productivity — on options can generate financial benefits. and increase prices of their exports. ecological deficit. This poses a risk not the contrary, agricultural yields increased In addition, as fossil fuels become Carbon emissions may cost more if revealed when looking at carbon in significantly over that period. The domi- increasingly expensive or unavailable, carbon taxes or cap-and-trade schemes isolation. Unless Cameroon can afford to nant driver was population growth: more countries with a net biocapacity surplus are instituted, or as prices for fossil fuels import resources, it may soon find it more people sharing available ecological assets. have more options for producing energy increase. difficult to meet its consumption demands. from biomass. A country whose biocapacity exceeds the Carbon accounting alone is not sufficient National Ecological Footprint and Ecological Footprint of its consumption Countries with ecological deficits — with to address risks to economic and social biocapacity trends reveal potential has more room to maneuver. Its consumption Footprints exceeding their well-being and to identify opportunities tradeoffs and conflicts among different ecosystems can, in net terms, provide the own biocapacities — overharvest their in a resource-constrained world. For types of resource use —energy food, fiber and timber demanded by its own ecosystems, rely on imports to meet instance, Cameroon’s carbon Footprint versus food, for example — as well as residents, and absorb the emissions from part of their consumption demands, and/ was negligible in 1961, and in 2006 was overarching risks to future well-being. The the energy used to fuel their consumption. or use the global commons as a sink for still only 8 percent of its total Footprint. following pages show these trends for This net biocapacity surplus can be used their carbon emissions. All these strategies However, biocapacity and Ecological selected countries. 12 Ecuador Figure 9: Ecuador’s Footprint and biocapacity, per 10 person, 1961-2006. In 1961, Ecuador’s biocapacity Ecological Footprint EF2 9 Biocapacity was more than four times its Footprint, meaning the consumption demand of Ecuador’s residents could be 8 BC1 met, in net terms, using less than one-quarter the capacity 7 of its EF1 own ecosystems. But by 2006, the country’s 6 Footprint was almost as large as its biocapacity. Of all the 5 South American countries, Ecuador is closest to running an ecological deficit. As its per capita consumption has 4 remained fairly constant over these decades, the rapid 3 reduction of Ecuador’s net ecological surplus is largely

lobal hectares per person G lobal hectares 2 due to a decline in per capita biocapacity, mostly driven by the country’s population growth. In December 2009 1 Ecuador launched a Presidential Mandate with a goal 0 of no ecological deficit by 2013. Ecuador. Sierra region. 1960 1975 1990 2005 Fields near Quito © Yann Arthus-Bertrand.

22 The Ecological Wealth of Nations 12 Japan Figure 10: Japan’s Footprint and biocapacity, per 10 person, 1961-2006. While Japan’s Footprint in 1961 Ecological Footprint BC2 9 Biocapacity was about twice its biocapacity, Japan’s Footprint in 2006 was seven times its own biocapacity. In 1961, 8 EF2 Japan had the seventh highest Footprint to biocapac- 7 ity ratio of any country, and in 2006 it ranked fifth. Its BC1 6 ecological deficit is not just a reflection of carbon emissions to the global atmosphere. Even without the car- 5 EF1 bon component, Japan’s Footprint is more than twice 4 its biocapacity. Running an ecological deficit is possible 3 for Japan because of its purchasing power, which is far

lobal hectares per person G lobal hectares 2 greater than world average. But this deficit also indicates a potential risk for the Japanese economy as the 1 world enters ever further into a resource constrained 0 future. Japan. Rice field near Oukura. 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 Mali Figure 11: Mali’s Footprint and biocapacity, per per- 10 son, 1961-2006. Mali’s per capita Footprint has declined Ecological Footprint slightly BC2over the past 45 years. About half of its Footprint 9 Biocapacity has been demand on grazing land, while the carbon com- 8 ponentEF2 grew from essentially zero to about six percent of 7 Mali’s overall Footprint. With climate change, Mali’s next BC1 6 decades may be more strongly influenced by the impact of climate on its biocapacity than by the size of its carbon 5 Footprint.EF1 Mali’s per capita biocapacity, about 6 global 4 hectares in 1961, shrank by about two-thirds to 2.3 global 3 hectares in 2006, While still 30 percent higher than world

lobal hectares per person G lobal hectares average, Mali’s per capita biocapacity has declined more 2 rapidly than the world‘s. This is due to two factors: more 1 rapid population growth than world average, and slower 0 increase in agricultural productivity than world average. Still Mali is among the few nations where biocapacity 1960 1975 1990 2005 exceeds consumption demands. Market gardening near Tombouctou. © Yann Arthus-Bertrand.

Gap in line indicates interpolation due to data anomaly.

The Ecological Wealth of Nations 23 World, Latin America, North America, and Oceania Ecological Footprint and Biocapacity, per capita,1961-2006

World 5 WorldWorld 15 Argentina 60 Bolivia 10 Colombia 5 BC2 BC2 BC2 50 BC1 EF2 EF2 EF2 10 BC1 40BC1 BC1 BC1

30EF1 EF15 EF1 5 20 4 4 EF1 10 0 EF1 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic 3 5 5 5 3 BC2 BC2 BC2 4 EF24 EF24 EF2 3 BC13 BC13 BC1 EF1 EF1 EF1 2 2 2

2 1 1 1 2 0 0 0

Global hectares per person Global hectares 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 10 Ecuador 5 Guatemala 5 Haiti 1 EF2 BC2 BC2 1 BC14 EF24 EF2 EF13 BC13 BC1 5 EF1 EF1 Ecological Footprint 2 2 Biocapacity 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

10 Honduras 15 Nicaragua 15 Panama 50 Paraguay 10 United States 25 New Zealand BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC1 BC2

EF2 EF2 40EF2 EF2 20EF1 EF2 10 10 BC1 BC1 30BC1 BC1 15 BC1 5 EF1 EF1 EF1 EF15 EF1 20 10 5 5 10 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

24 The Ecological Wealth of Nations 12 12 12 15 Angola 5 Benin 15 Botswana BC2 BC2 BC2

EF24 EF2 EF2 10 10 BC13 BC1 BC1 EF1 EF1 EF1 2 5 5 Africa Ecological Footprint and Biocapacity, per capita,1961-2006 1 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 12 12 12 12 12 12 5 Burkina Faso 10 Cameroon 25 Central African Rep. 15 Chad 50 Congo 15 Congo DRC BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2

4 EF2 20EF2 EF2 40EF2 EF2 EF2 10 10 3 BC1 15BC1 BC1 30BC1 BC1 BC1 EF15 EF1 EF1 EF1 EF1 EF1 2 10 20 5 5 1 5 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 12 12 12 12 12 10 Côte d'Ivoire 5 Eritrea 5 Gambia 10 Guinea 10 Guinea-Bissau 10 Liberia BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2

EF24 EF24 EF2 EF2 EF2 EF2 BC13 BC13 BC1 BC1 BC1 BC1 5 EF1 EF1 EF15 EF15 EF15 EF1 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 12 12 12 12 12 10 Madagascar 10 Mali 20 Mauritania 10 Niger 10 Senegal 5 Sierra Leone BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2

EF2 EF2 EF2 EF2 EF24 EF2 15 BC1 BC1 BC1 BC1 BC13 BC1 5 EF15 10EF1 EF15 EF15 EF1 EF1 2 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005

12 12 12 12 12 12 5 Somalia 5 South Africa 10 Sudan 5 Tanzania 10 Zambia 5 Zimbabwe BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2 BC2

4 EF24 EF2 EF24 EF2 EF24 EF2 3 BC13 BC1 BC13 BC1 BC13 BC1 EF1 EF15 EF1 EF15 EF1 EF1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1

Global hectares per person Global hectares 0 0 0 0 0 0 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 1960 1975 1990 2005 Countries not shown to same vertical scale. Gap in line indicates interpolation due to data anomaly. The Ecological Wealth of Nations 25 Ecological Footprint Biocapacity Change in Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Grazing Fishing Population, Ecological Ecological Footprint, Yield Cropland Forest Land Grounds Country/Region1 Population 1961-2006 Footprint Footprint Carbon Footprint Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds Built-up land 1961-2006 [millions] [percent] [million gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent]

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61

33.4 203 63.90 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 11.7 262 13.69 1.17 0.16 0.44 0.15 0.36 0.01 0.05 - 13.2 241 13.69 1.04 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51

3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46

3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 14.2 155 12.74 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 -

731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33

3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 0.08 43 8.3 18 40.72 4.89 2.98 0.72 0.16 0.73 0.11 0.19 96 9.7 - 41.05 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 10.4 14 59.42 5.70 2.44 1.84 0.38 0.56 0.17 0.31 32 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 7.7 -3 25.02 3.25 1.69 0.77 0.22 0.36 0.04 0.17 35 4.6 - 15.20 3.34 2.03 0.49 0.09 0.56 0.06 0.11 - 10.2 - 54.23 5.32 2.95 1.03 0.12 0.99 0.07 0.16 - 5.4 18 39.07 7.19 3.77 1.10 0.21 1.24 0.60 0.28 12 1.3 - 8.60 6.42 3.15 0.44 0.15 2.40 0.14 0.13 - 5.3 18 29.00 5.51 2.67 1.27 0.03 1.02 0.38 0.14 - 61.3 33 282.28 4.60 2.49 0.81 0.16 0.63 0.30 0.21 38 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 11.1 33 64.02 5.76 3.94 0.93 0.25 0.43 0.12 0.08 284 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 4.2 49 34.57 8.19 5.19 1.06 0.72 0.64 0.33 0.25 126 58.8 16 290.10 4.94 2.88 1.02 0.20 0.50 0.24 0.08 116 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 3.4 - 11.32 3.32 1.54 0.35 0.09 0.93 0.33 0.10 - 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 16.4 41 75.41 4.60 2.44 1.22 0.21 0.41 0.18 0.14 40 4.7 29 19.63 4.20 2.05 1.19 0.04 0.59 0.18 0.15 - 38.1 27 148.25 3.89 2.38 0.65 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.07 25 10.6 19 46.23 4.37 2.41 0.85 0.19 0.14 0.74 0.04 74 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 ChangeChange- in in ChangeChange inin NationalNational PerPer capitacapita Ecological Footprint ComponentsComponents perper capita capita 2.0 - 7.78GrazingGrazing 3.89FishingFishing 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - Population, Population, EcologicalEcological EcologicalEcological Footprint,Footprint, YieldYield 1 CroplandCropland ForestForest LandLand GroundsGrounds Country/RegionCountry/Region1 PopulationPopulation43.9 1961-20061961-200643 FootprintFootprint247.01 FootprintFootprint5.63 Carbon3.25 Footprint Cropland1.16 Grazing0.17 land ForestForest0.46 landland FishingFishing0.53 groundsgrounds Built-upBuilt-up0.05 land land 1961-20061961-2006120 [millions][millions]7.5 [percent][percent]37 [million[million41.67 gha]gha] [gha[gha perper5.59 capita]capita] [gha[gha 3.98perper capita] [gha per0.72 capita] [gha[gha perper0.20 capita]capita] [gha[gha 0.43 perper capita]capita] [gha[gha perper0.14 capita]capita] [gha[gha per 0.11per capita] capita] [percent][percent]90 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - World Average 1.0 1.0 1.37 0.22 0.06 13 World Average 6,592.96,592.960.7 11411415 1.017,090.661.017,090.66371.65 1.0 6.122.592.59 1.0 4.001.37 0.570.93 0.220.20 0.280.580.28 0.100.230.10 0.180.06 1359 1.01.0

Latin America 564.7942.5942.5 150225225 1,375.321,338.221,338.22 2.441.421.42 0.600.35 0.480.58 0.200.71 0.290.360.29 0.040.040.11 0.050.080.05 -61-61-6

1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 Argentina 39.133.433.4 20320387 117.4963.9063.90 3.001.92 0.710.81 0.430.76 0.141.36 0.200.13 0.200.03 0.090.04 -2092 224 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 Bolivia 16.616.69.4 173224 22.5015.6615.66 2.410.95 0.470.14 0.470.34 0.191.22 0.160.13 0.010.09 0.070.04 -26-20 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 Chile 16.58.8 272110 50.998.85 3.101.01 0.490.10 0.670.50 0.050.32 0.950.30 0.550.03 0.120.03 -22- 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - Colombia 45.61.9 163242 85.127.20 1.873.88 0.521.60 0.310.23 1.780.78 0.130.19 0.040.01 0.080.06 -21- 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 Costa Rica 14.44.4 219210 19.5511.87 2.701.36 1.130.02 0.440.67 0.220.26 0.730.37 0.050.01 0.090.08 -18-1 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 Cuba 18.211.3 22955 26.2220.10 2.331.11 1.050.09 0.960.54 0.130.11 0.120.24 0.04 0.05 108-53 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 Dominican Republic 9.64.3 178174 13.086.13 1.361.44 0.540.02 0.460.68 0.380.13 0.120.29 0.070.00 0.040.07 -2615 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 Ecuador 13.210.5 189245 25.1918.38 1.911.76 0.740.01 0.360.61 0.770.40 0.250.29 0.000.11 0.060.07 -51-4 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 Guatemala 13.03.7 206259 22.323.55 1.710.96 0.510.09 0.360.30 0.220.03 0.550.41 0.030.08 0.05 -3318 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - Haiti 60.69.4 139282 44.674.53 0.480.74 0.050.01 0.250.16 0.040.01 0.100.49 0.020.01 0.020.05 -48- 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 Honduras 18.97.0 237518 15.5517.89 2.230.95 0.730.13 0.460.36 0.340.05 0.590.21 0.030.13 0.070.06 -42-41 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 Mexico 105.30.8 169810 342.230.76 3.250.93 1.580.17 1.000.37 0.180.28 0.320.05 0.100.04 0.070.03 -56- 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 Nicaragua 74.25.5 204160 103.8212.52 2.261.40 0.430.69 0.610.41 0.620.02 0.420.13 0.120.06 0.060.08 -2577 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - Panama 3.34.7 184- 10.553.61 3.210.77 1.220.03 0.470.19 0.550.27 0.230.20 0.680.04 0.050.04 16- 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 Paraguay 6.01.7 207348 20.171.80 3.351.08 0.410.12 0.320.50 1.680.14 0.870.19 0.010.08 0.070.04 -15-32 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - Peru 27.623.0 170213 49.5936.87 1.801.60 0.300.35 0.530.42 0.240.05 0.180.57 0.450.16 0.100.05 - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 Venezuela 27.29.2 245189 63.3913.46 2.331.47 1.070.04 0.510.46 0.360.35 0.130.52 0.190.03 0.070.06 -33- 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 North America 335.53.6 23162 2,918.164.12 8.701.15 6.130.06 1.070.30 0.080.02 1.160.70 0.170.03 0.090.04 -2661 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 Canada 32.619.2 24878 187.6122.43 5.761.17 3.600.08 0.540.30 0.260.43 1.050.26 0.230.04 0.080.06 -51- 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 United States 302.812.0 19360 2,730.3222.17 9.021.85 6.410.12 1.120.62 0.060.83 1.170.18 0.160.01 0.090.08 -2264 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 Oceania 33.830.9 108158 196.4341.26 5.801.34 1.750.32 0.260.70 2.330.15 0.880.06 0.520.06 0.060.05 -35-11 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 Fiji 13.70.8 104336 23.133.06 3.681.68 1.990.05 0.551.13 0.180.19 0.480.27 0.410.00 0.070.04 -77- 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 144.74.1 23471 232.5931.36 7.581.61 2.210.61 0.440.63 2.450.06 1.120.21 1.210.04 0.140.05 -45- New Zealand 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 12.16.2 193258 10.5915.07 1.711.25 0.210.18 0.210.47 0.020.24 0.300.22 0.870.09 0.040.11 -46- Papua New Guinea 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 0.55.7 297150 0.844.41 1.730.77 0.100.05 0.420.20 0.010.04 0.250.37 0.750.08 0.200.03 -42- Solomon Islands 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 222 2.23 0.70 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 37.739.5 281 84.1140.46 1.03 0.270.11 0.31 0.310.99 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 1.03 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 39.510.2 281138 40.4619.23 1.88 0.580.11 0.82 0.100.31 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 0.82 0.12 0.04 26 10.211.7 138262 19.2313.69 1.881.17 0.580.16 0.44 0.150.10 0.360.21 0.01 0.05 - 0.44 0.01 0.05 28 The Ecological Wealth of Nations11.713.2 262241 13.6913.69 1.171.04 0.160.12 0.25 0.360.15 0.280.36 0.00 0.03 -51- 13.2 241 13.69 1.04 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51 3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 3.08.4 -- 19.254.94 1.642.29 0.721.26 0.620.58 0.260.22 0.070.06 0.010.00 0.070.06 -- 14.28.4 155- 19.2512.74 2.290.90 1.260.08 0.460.62 0.070.26 0.250.07 0.000.01 0.040.07 -54- 1328.514.2 15598 2,456.1812.74 0.901.85 0.081.08 0.360.46 0.130.07 0.150.25 0.060.00 0.070.04 165-54 1328.51151.8 15398 2,456.18886.01 1.850.77 1.080.31 0.280.36 0.010.13 0.120.15 0.010.06 0.040.07 -12165 1151.870.3 153215 886.01186.60 0.772.66 0.311.57 0.660.28 0.170.01 0.050.12 0.130.01 0.090.04 21-12 70.328.5 215277 186.6037.96 2.661.33 1.570.84 0.420.66 0.030.17 0.010.05 0.010.13 0.020.09 -2121 28.56.8 277210 37.9636.63 1.335.38 0.843.69 1.030.42 0.090.03 0.360.01 0.150.01 0.070.02 53-21 128.06.8 21035 526.1336.63 5.384.11 3.692.68 0.581.03 0.030.09 0.280.36 0.470.15 0.070.07 9053 128.05.7 51535 526.1311.66 4.112.04 2.680.94 0.690.58 0.080.03 0.170.28 0.070.47 0.080.07 90- 15.35.7 515- 11.6667.63 2.044.42 0.942.91 1.180.69 0.150.08 0.130.17 0.010.07 0.060.08 -- 15.323.7 111- 67.6333.23 4.421.40 2.910.88 0.311.18 0.000.15 0.140.13 0.010.01 0.050.06 25- 23.748.0 11187 179.4633.23 1.403.73 0.882.09 0.690.31 0.040.00 0.240.14 0.610.01 0.060.05 26725 48.02.8 80587 179.4621.96 3.737.90 2.096.65 0.710.69 0.100.04 0.190.24 0.120.61 0.140.06 267- 2.85.3 805- 21.966.72 7.901.28 6.650.50 0.550.71 0.110.10 0.030.19 0.000.12 0.090.14 -- 5.35.8 183- 6.726.01 1.281.04 0.500.07 0.410.55 0.080.11 0.390.03 0.010.00 0.100.09 -42- 5.84.1 183108 6.018.64 1.042.13 0.070.91 0.660.41 0.150.08 0.270.39 0.090.01 0.050.10 -42- 48.44.1 108125 46.798.64 2.130.97 0.910.06 0.500.66 0.010.15 0.330.27 0.000.09 0.070.05 13- 48.42.5 125340 46.799.02 0.973.54 0.062.09 0.590.50 0.180.01 0.150.33 0.400.00 0.120.07 13- 160.92.5 340240 120.129.02 3.540.75 2.090.30 0.290.59 0.010.18 0.080.15 0.010.40 0.040.12 -16- 160.924.2 240476 120.1284.14 0.753.48 0.301.62 1.290.29 0.110.01 0.140.08 0.140.01 0.180.04 -16- 24.24.4 476159 84.1419.75 3.484.51 1.623.14 0.661.29 0.060.11 0.300.14 0.320.14 0.020.18 -- 19.24.4 15993 19.7517.90 4.510.93 3.140.16 0.300.66 0.010.06 0.150.30 0.260.32 0.040.02 -10- 19.219.4 30793 17.9031.33 0.931.61 0.160.76 0.540.30 0.160.01 0.080.15 0.030.26 0.060.04 -10- 19.46.6 307- 31.335.75 1.610.87 0.760.26 0.390.54 0.150.16 0.020.08 0.000.03 0.060.06 -- 63.46.6 122- 109.275.75 0.871.72 0.260.73 0.540.39 0.010.15 0.170.02 0.210.00 0.060.06 -- 63.473.9 122155 109.27209.60 1.722.84 0.731.37 1.010.54 0.080.01 0.260.17 0.040.21 0.080.06 19- 73.94.9 155- 209.6018.75 2.843.83 1.372.46 0.741.01 0.490.08 0.000.26 0.010.04 0.120.08 19- 4.94.2 4,235- 18.7543.72 10.293.83 2.467.19 1.980.74 0.190.49 0.490.00 0.380.01 0.060.12 -- 27.04.2 4,235- 43.7246.70 10.291.73 7.191.16 0.391.98 0.080.19 0.030.49 0.000.38 0.070.06 -- 27.086.2 150- 46.7087.49 1.731.01 1.160.44 0.320.39 0.000.08 0.190.03 0.000.00 0.060.07 38- 86.221.7 150308 87.4921.32 1.010.98 0.440.40 0.32 0.160.00 0.030.19 0.020.00 0.050.06 38- 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 - 731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 0.08 43 3.28.3 9118 40.728.15 2.574.89 1.182.98 0.720.96 0.160.25 0.730.08 0.110.02 0.190.08 9643 8.39.7 18- 40.7241.05 4.894.21 2.981.93 1.430.72 0.230.16 0.410.73 0.120.11 0.080.19 96- 10.49.7 14- 41.0559.42 4.215.70 1.932.44 1.841.43 0.380.23 0.560.41 0.170.12 0.310.08 32- 10.43.9 14- 59.4213.32 5.703.39 2.441.54 1.071.84 0.180.38 0.470.56 0.060.17 0.080.31 32- 3.97.7 -3- 13.3225.02 3.393.25 1.541.69 0.771.07 0.220.18 0.360.47 0.040.06 0.170.08 35- 7.74.6 -3- 25.0215.20 3.253.34 1.692.03 0.490.77 0.090.22 0.560.36 0.060.04 0.110.17 35- 10.24.6 -- 15.2054.23 3.345.32 2.032.95 1.030.49 0.120.09 0.990.56 0.070.06 0.160.11 -- 10.25.4 18- 54.2339.07 5.327.19 2.953.77 1.101.03 0.210.12 1.240.99 0.600.07 0.280.16 12- 5.41.3 18- 39.078.60 7.196.42 3.773.15 0.441.10 0.150.21 2.401.24 0.140.60 0.130.28 12- 1.35.3 18- 29.008.60 6.425.51 3.152.67 1.270.44 0.030.15 1.022.40 0.380.14 0.140.13 -- 61.35.3 1833 282.2829.00 5.514.60 2.672.49 0.811.27 0.160.03 0.631.02 0.300.38 0.210.14 38- 61.382.6 3313 282.28333.40 4.604.03 2.492.21 0.930.81 0.070.16 0.510.63 0.140.30 0.180.21 3738 82.611.1 1333 333.4064.02 4.035.76 2.213.94 0.93 0.250.07 0.430.51 0.120.14 0.080.18 28437 11.110.1 330 64.0232.45 5.763.23 3.941.39 1.160.93 0.060.25 0.410.43 0.030.12 0.170.08 28410 10.14.2 490 32.4534.57 3.238.19 1.395.19 1.061.16 0.720.06 0.640.41 0.330.03 0.250.17 12610 58.84.2 4916 290.1034.57 8.194.94 5.192.88 1.021.06 0.200.72 0.500.64 0.240.33 0.080.25 116126 58.82.3 16- 290.1010.53 4.944.60 2.880.86 0.971.02 0.150.20 2.390.50 0.160.24 0.070.08 116- 2.33.4 -- 10.5311.32 4.603.32 0.861.54 0.350.97 0.090.15 0.932.39 0.330.16 0.100.07 -- 3.43.8 -- 11.326.70 3.321.75 1.540.84 0.720.35 0.060.09 0.070.93 0.000.33 0.050.10 -- 16.43.8 41- 75.416.70 1.754.60 0.842.44 1.220.72 0.210.06 0.410.07 0.180.00 0.140.05 40- 16.44.7 4129 75.4119.63 4.604.20 2.442.05 1.191.22 0.040.21 0.590.41 0.180.18 0.150.14 40- 38.14.7 2927 148.2519.63 4.203.89 2.052.38 0.651.19 0.010.04 0.660.59 0.110.18 0.070.15 25- 38.110.6 2719 148.2546.23 3.894.37 2.382.41 0.850.65 0.190.01 0.140.66 0.740.11 0.040.07 7425 10.621.5 1916 46.2357.50 4.372.67 2.411.21 0.840.85 0.090.19 0.330.14 0.050.74 0.140.04 4674 143.221.5 16- 635.9757.50 2.674.44 1.212.23 1.510.84 0.050.09 0.430.33 0.150.05 0.060.14 46- 143.25.4 -- 635.9726.64 4.444.94 2.233.48 0.591.51 0.060.05 0.590.43 0.070.15 0.150.06 -- 5.42.0 -- 26.647.78 4.943.89 3.482.07 0.790.59 0.06 0.780.59 0.100.07 0.090.15 -- 1.16 0.05 43.92.0 43- 247.017.78 3.895.63 2.073.25 0.79 0.170.06 0.460.78 0.530.10 0.09 120- 0.72 0.14 0.11 43.97.5 4337 247.0141.67 5.635.59 3.253.98 1.16 0.200.17 0.430.46 0.53 0.05 12090 0.87 0.11 0.07 - 46.67.5 37- 124.2041.67 5.592.67 3.981.45 0.72 0.010.20 0.170.43 0.14 0.11 90 15 6.12 0.93 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 46.660.7 - 124.20371.65 2.67 1.454.00 0.87 0.200.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61

335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 60 9.02 1.12 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 302.833.8 108 2,730.32196.43 5.80 6.411.75 0.26 2.330.06 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35

0.26 0.52 0.06 -35 33.80.8 108104 196.433.06 5.803.68 1.751.99 0.55 0.182.33 0.480.88 0.41 0.07 - 4.1 71 31.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 0.07 0.86.2 104193 10.593.06 3.681.71 1.990.21 0.210.55 0.020.18 0.300.48 0.870.41 0.11 -- 4.10.5 29771 31.360.84 7.581.73 2.210.10 0.420.44 0.012.45 0.251.12 0.751.21 0.200.14 -45- 6.2 193 10.59 1.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.30 0.87 0.11 - 0.5 297 0.84 1.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.25 0.75 0.20 - Change in 2 Change in Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Biocapacity Components per capita Gross Gross Human Human Grazing Fishing Grazing Fishing Population, Ecological Ecological Footprint, National Per Capita Biocapacity, Domestic Domestic Development Development Yield 1 Cropland Forest Land Grounds Yield Forest Land Grounds 1 Country/Region Population 1961-2006 Footprint Footprint Carbon Footprint Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds Built-up land 1961-2006 Biocapacity Biocapacity Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds 1961-2006 Product, 1961 Product, 2006 Index, 1980 Index, 2006 Country/Region [millions] [percent] [million gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent] [millions gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent] [$ per capita]3 [$ per capita]3

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 11,901.5 1.81 0.56 0.26 0.74 0.18 -51 - - - - 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61 1,418.8 1.51 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.12 -68 - - - -

33.4 203 63.90 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 27.2 0.82 0.37 0.35 0.04 0.01 -59 475 6,912 - 0.75 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 55.6 3.36 0.22 2.01 0.78 0.31 -70 - 4,446 - 0.55 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 6.9 0.78 0.48 0.05 0.19 0.03 -68 172 1,417 0.35 0.49 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - 7.9 4.27 0.15 3.02 0.70 0.33 - 153 8,918 - - 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 19.2 1.34 0.69 0.22 0.34 0.00 -47 153 1,366 0.25 0.38 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 37.2 2.05 0.59 0.13 1.14 0.13 -72 353 2,776 0.46 0.52 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 35.9 8.41 0.65 0.38 7.31 0.00 -64 297 871 0.34 0.37 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 11.7 262 13.69 1.17 0.16 0.44 0.15 0.36 0.01 0.05 - 33.5 2.86 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - 13.2 241 13.69 1.04 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51 9.8 0.74 0.18 0.37 0.14 0.01 -72 480 2,281 - -

3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 2,867.1 0.7 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.10 -44 - - - -

3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 2.2 0.7 0.30 0.29 0.07 0.02 - - 8,944 - - 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 8.3 1.0 0.54 0.26 0.11 0.02 - - 8,446 - - 14.2 155 12.74 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 13.4 0.9 0.45 0.12 0.20 0.14 -54 - 2,765 - 0.58 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 1,131.3 0.9 0.35 0.12 0.22 0.08 -17 117 7,303 0.53 0.76 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 428.8 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.02 0.04 -54 195 3,712 0.43 0.60 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 69.3 1.0 0.55 0.21 0.07 0.07 -65 429 9,739 0.56 0.78 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 7.0 0.2 0.14 0.02 0.05 0.01 -85 - 5,032 - - 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 2.2 0.3 0.20 0.01 0.03 0.02 -55 1,613 23,753 0.83 0.93 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 78.8 0.6 0.13 0.00 0.33 0.08 -41 1,203 31,236 0.89 0.96 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 1.5 0.3 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.00 - 865 5,292 - - 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 65.4 4.3 1.62 2.28 0.25 0.07 - - 15,346 - - 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 13.2 0.6 0.27 0.00 0.24 0.00 -61 - - - - 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 14.2 0.3 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 -49 325 23,324 0.72 0.93 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 1.4 0.5 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.33 - - 48,854 - - 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 7.9 1.5 0.53 0.75 0.08 0.06 - - 3,738 - - 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 8.0 1.4 0.41 0.08 0.77 0.04 -63 - 2,230 - 0.61 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 1.5 0.4 0.20 0.06 0.06 0.01 - - 8,175 - - 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 75.2 1.6 0.52 0.01 0.61 0.35 -55 - - - 0.58 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 6.5 2.5 0.11 0.08 0.00 2.22 - - 25,507 - - 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 60.2 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.04 -56 203 3,473 0.40 0.57 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 31.4 1.3 0.50 0.16 0.21 0.25 - - 22,220 - - 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 0.2 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 -59 795 43,167 0.79 0.94 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 6.9 0.4 0.20 0.02 0.04 0.05 -43 369 5,877 0.65 0.76 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 17.0 0.9 0.55 0.22 0.04 0.00 - 152 2,637 - - 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 3.3 0.5 0.23 0.18 0.01 0.02 - - 2,771 - - 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 67.4 1.1 0.64 0.01 0.18 0.17 - 263 9,424 - - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 108.4 1.5 0.90 0.13 0.31 0.05 -52 497 7,578 0.63 0.80 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 16.6 3.4 0.86 2.25 0.02 0.15 - - 10,951 - - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - 5.8 1.4 0.14 0.00 0.13 1.03 - - 53,496 - - 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - 24.8 0.9 0.52 0.23 0.06 0.03 - - 2,002 - - 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 47.4 0.6 0.32 0.00 0.16 0.01 -40 - 3,572 - 0.72 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 - 14.6 0.7 0.14 0.15 0.05 0.28 - - 1,309 - -

731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - -

3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 0.08 43 3.2 1.0 0.53 0.12 0.20 0.09 -34 - 4,607 - 0.81 8.3 18 40.72 4.89 2.98 0.72 0.16 0.73 0.11 0.19 96 24.9 3.0 0.60 0.17 2.02 0.00 -15 2,030 35,659 0.87 0.95 9.7 - 41.05 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 33.0 3.4 1.36 0.34 1.58 0.02 - - 21,277 - - 10.4 14 59.42 5.70 2.44 1.84 0.38 0.56 0.17 0.31 32 11.3 1.1 0.32 0.12 0.28 0.05 -25 1,968 33,784 0.87 0.95 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 6.5 1.7 0.58 0.13 0.86 0.00 - - - - - 7.7 -3 25.02 3.25 1.69 0.77 0.22 0.36 0.04 0.17 35 20.4 2.7 1.20 0.19 0.99 0.10 -2 - 9,605 - 0.84 4.6 - 15.20 3.34 2.03 0.49 0.09 0.56 0.06 0.11 - 8.2 1.8 0.22 0.15 0.98 0.34 - - 13,593 - - 10.2 - 54.23 5.32 2.95 1.03 0.12 0.99 0.07 0.16 - 26.9 2.6 1.11 0.14 1.22 0.00 - - 21,184 - - 5.4 18 39.07 7.19 3.77 1.10 0.21 1.24 0.60 0.28 12 28.2 5.2 2.50 0.04 0.29 2.09 -24 2,197 34,633 0.88 0.95 1.3 - 8.60 6.42 3.15 0.44 0.15 2.40 0.14 0.13 - 12.0 9.0 0.67 0.39 3.21 4.59 - - 18,080 - - 5.3 18 29.00 5.51 2.67 1.27 0.03 1.02 0.38 0.14 - 68.3 13.0 1.38 0.00 8.66 2.81 - 1,827 31,597 - - 61.3 33 282.28 4.60 2.49 0.81 0.16 0.63 0.30 0.21 38 173.7 2.8 1.28 0.28 0.89 0.18 -9 1,935 30,119 0.88 0.96 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 154.1 1.9 0.87 0.10 0.64 0.08 0 - 31,291 0.87 0.95 11.1 33 64.02 5.76 3.94 0.93 0.25 0.43 0.12 0.08 284 15.2 1.4 0.79 0.10 0.14 0.25 1 1,241 27,532 0.84 0.94 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 25.9 2.6 1.72 0.11 0.57 0.01 8 - 17,212 0.80 0.88 4.2 49 34.57 8.19 5.19 1.06 0.72 0.64 0.33 0.25 126 18.0 4.3 0.98 0.91 0.25 1.88 -22 1,373 41,085 0.84 0.96 58.8 16 290.10 4.94 2.88 1.02 0.20 0.50 0.24 0.08 116 60.8 1.0 0.53 0.08 0.27 0.07 -21 1,737 29,048 0.86 0.95 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 16.6 7.2 1.03 0.72 3.34 2.08 - - 13,905 - - 3.4 - 11.32 3.32 1.54 0.35 0.09 0.93 0.33 0.10 - 12.5 3.7 0.70 0.92 1.64 0.29 - - 13,625 - - 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 4.3 1.1 0.95 0.05 0.07 0.01 - - 3,588 - - 16.4 41 75.41 4.60 2.44 1.22 0.21 0.41 0.18 0.14 40 17.2 1.0 0.27 0.06 0.08 0.50 -27 2,305 34,369 0.89 0.96 4.7 29 19.63 4.20 2.05 1.19 0.04 0.59 0.18 0.15 - 28.5 6.1 0.69 0.03 3.23 2.01 - 2,301 50,794 - - 38.1 27 148.25 3.89 2.38 0.65 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.07 25 70.1 1.8 0.82 0.13 0.71 0.12 -38 - 13,919 - 0.88 10.6 19 46.23 4.37 2.41 0.85 0.19 0.14 0.74 0.04 74 12.5 1.2 0.24 0.26 0.57 0.08 6 822 20,273 0.77 0.91 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 48.9 2.3 0.84 0.18 1.00 0.10 -6 332 9,348 - 0.83 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 906.2 6.3 1.55 0.33 4.18 0.21 - - 13,073 - - Change in 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 - 14.4 2.7 0.83 0.09 1.60 22 0.00 Change- in - 16,214 - - Biocapacity Components perper capita capita GrossGross GrossGross HumanHuman HumanHuman 2.0 - 7.78 3.89 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - 4.7 2.4 0.22 Grazing0.25 Fishing 1.80 0.00 - - 25,020 - - NationalNational PerPer Capita Biocapacity,Biocapacity, DomesticDomestic DomesticDomestic DevelopmentDevelopment DevelopmentDevelopment YieldYield Forest Land Grounds 11 43.9 43 247.01 5.63 3.25 1.16 0.17 0.46 0.53 0.05 120 BiocapacityBiocapacity58.0 BiocapacityBiocapacity1.3 Cropland0.84 Grazing0.13 land Forest0.24 landland FishingFishing0.06 groundsgrounds 1961-20061961-2006-27 Product,Product, 1,269 1961 1961 Product,Product, 31,338 2006 2006 Index,Index,0.86 1980 1980 Index,Index,0.95 2006 2006 Country/RegionCountry/Region 3 3 7.5 37 41.67 5.59 3.98 0.72 0.20 0.43 0.14 0.11 90 [millions[millions9.5 gha]gha] [gha[gha perper1.3 capita]capita] [gha 0.26per capita] [gha 0.17per capita] [gha[gha perper0.73 capita]capita] [gha[gha per0.01per capita]capita] [percent][percent]-28 [$[$ per 3,574per capita] capita] 3 [$[$ per37,483 per capita] capita] 3 0.90 0.96 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - 103.5 2.2 1.47 0.14 0.40 0.15 - - 9,676 - - 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 11,901.511,901.595.7 1.811.811.6 0.620.56 0.260.11 0.740.11 0.180.560.18 -51-511 2,192 - - 32,103 - - 0.86-- 0.95- - World

564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 1,418.83,065.21,418.8 1.511.515.4 0.720.42 0.900.45 3.400.46 0.120.330.12 -68-60-68 ------Latin America

39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 276.027.227.2 0.820.827.1 2.320.37 1.940.35 0.780.04 0.011.910.01 -59-41-59 1,894 475 475 15,119 6,912 6,912 0.79-- 0.750.860.75 Argentina 0.22 0.31 - 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 180.955.655.6 19.33.363.36 0.670.22 2.752.01 15.770.78 0.070.31 -70-66-70 515- - 3,9464,4464,446 0.56- 0.550.730.55 Bolivia 0.48 0.03 0.35 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 67.46.96.9 0.780.784.1 0.450.48 0.530.05 2.160.19 0.830.03 -68-68- 1,132172172 19,8381,4171,417 0.35- 0.490.49- Chile 4.27 0.15 0.70 0.33 8,918 - 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 175.87.97.9 4.273.9 0.220.15 1.323.02 2.190.70 0.040.33 -63-- 613153153 7,7458,918 0.69- 0.80- - Colombia 1.34 0.69 0.34 0.00 1,366 0.25 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 19.219.28.0 1.341.8 0.350.69 0.650.22 0.600.34 0.110.00 -47-72-47 969153153 11,6051,366 0.760.25 0.380.850.38 Costa Rica 37.2 2.05 0.59 0.13 1.14 0.13 -72 353 2,776 0.46 0.52 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 12.137.2 2.051.1 0.59 0.090.13 0.201.14 0.140.13 -723 353 - 10,6582,776 0.46- 0.860.52 Cuba 35.9 8.41 0.65 0.38 7.31 0.00 -64 297 871 0.34 0.37 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 35.95.4 8.410.6 0.250.65 0.130.38 0.127.31 0.020.00 -64-64 451297 9,192871 0.640.34 0.770.37 Dominican Republic 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 30.535.3 3.382.3 0.330.60 0.401.54 1.331.07 0.200.10 -73-71 577275 6,1982,766 0.71- 0.810.39 Ecuador 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 14.148.7 13.201.1 0.350.23 0.224.05 0.418.35 0.050.51 -62-73 664220 6,0515,202 0.53- 0.700.60 Guatemala 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 161.52.2 2.660.2 0.150.14 0.040.13 0.012.29 0.020.05 -69- 316245 1,556390 0.43- 0.53- Haiti 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 13.831.3 1.652.0 0.430.74 0.330.36 0.880.48 0.260.01 -76-72 445316 3,5642,295 0.57- 0.730.48 Honduras 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 178.70.7 0.841.7 0.650.00 0.310.28 0.500.00 0.170.54 -88- 859 - 11,3704,599 -- 0.52- Mexico 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 18.223.8 0.323.3 0.740.21 0.660.00 1.250.00 0.570.02 -78-41 579304 2,1945,587 0.570.50 0.70 Nicaragua 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 11.38.1 1.743.4 0.330.13 0.560.27 1.790.11 0.701.18 -71- 469 - 8,721615 0.76- 0.83- Panama 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 64.92.0 10.81.19 1.300.38 2.680.14 6.670.21 0.060.42 -76-73 469222 4,6521,415 0.68- 0.760.45 Paraguay 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 112.525.8 1.124.1 0.410.51 0.570.32 2.730.18 0.270.06 -- 716413 6,6251,656 -- -- Peru 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 72.127.0 2.942.7 0.290.42 0.341.06 1.910.80 0.050.60 -64- 1,473666 12,5943,722 -- 0.43- Venezuela 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61 1,897.39.3 2.595.7 2.170.19 0.290.81 2.221.19 0.890.37 -41-74 - - 381 - 0.37- 0.43- North America 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 556.460.8 17.13.17 4.300.28 0.261.70 8.390.92 4.050.21 -69- 2,287251 36,584880 -- 0.54- Canada 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 1,340.930.3 2.534.4 1.940.64 0.290.98 1.550.76 0.560.07 -43-59 2,934141 44,0051,383 0.890.25 0.960.37 United States 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35 434.027.7 12.80.90 1.900.46 4.950.20 2.820.08 3.090.11 -56-37 421 - 5,594 - 0.47- 0.65- Oceania 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 -- 805 6,642 - - 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 0.8 104 3.06 3.68 1.99 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 26.42.1 1.922.5 0.481.09 0.110.72 1.320.07 0.500.00 -78- 496257 6,326881 -- 0.34- Fiji 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 4.1 71 31.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 129.949.9 12.00.90 1.040.60 3.470.20 5.030.02 2.360.02 -52- 2,441293 25,4842,205 0.86- 0.95- New Zealand 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 6.2 193 10.59 1.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.30 0.87 0.11 - 23.216.5 1.373.7 0.300.37 0.050.22 2.590.52 0.700.21 -76- 177530 2,3361,942 -- 0.46- Papua New Guinea 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 0.5 297 0.84 1.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.25 0.75 0.20 - 1.65.7 0.993.2 0.500.15 0.010.41 2.420.18 0.080.21 -59- 389 - 1,3181,817 -- 0.36- Solomon Islands 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 1 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 Regional82.9 averages1.72 are calculated0.68 using values0.70 from all countries0.02 within each0.25 United Nations-58 region; only1,047 selected 10,375countries are0.66 shown here.0.68 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 Dashes106.3 indicate2.82 missing or insufficient0.63 data. 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - 2 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - Also11.7 includes Built-up1.15 land biocapacity0.67 equal 0.10to the Built-up 0.06land Footprint,0.28 shown on previous-37 page. 618 9,937 - 0.76 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 3 33.5 2.86 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - In 1constant 33.5 20052.86 US $ 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - Regional9.8 averages0.74 are calculated using0.18 values from all0.37 countries within each0.14 United Nations0.01 region; only selected-72 countries are 480shown here. Dashes2,281 indicate missing- or insufﬁ cient data.- 29 2Also9.8 includes Built-up0.74 land biocapacity0.18 equal to the Built-up0.37 land Footprint,0.14 shown on previous0.01 page. -72 480 2,281 - - 3In constant 2005 US $. 2,867.1 0.7 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.10 -44 - - - - 2,867.1 0.7 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.10 -44 - - - - 2.2 0.7 0.30 0.29 0.07 0.02 - - 8,944 - - 2.28.3 0.71.0 0.300.54 0.260.29 0.110.07 0.020.02 -- - - 8,446 8,944 -- - - 13.48.3 1.00.9 0.540.45 0.120.26 0.200.11 0.140.02 -54- - - 2,765 8,446 - - 0.58 - 1,131.313.4 0.9 0.450.35 0.12 0.220.20 0.080.14 -17-54 117 - 7,303 2,765 0.53- 0.760.58 1,131.3428.8 0.90.4 0.350.27 0.000.12 0.020.22 0.040.08 -54-17 195 117 3,712 7,303 0.430.53 0.600.76 428.869.3 0.41.0 0.270.55 0.210.00 0.070.02 0.070.04 -65-54 429 195 9,739 3,712 0.560.43 0.780.60 69.37.0 1.00.2 0.550.14 0.020.21 0.050.07 0.010.07 -85-65 429 - 5,032 9,739 0.56- 0.78- 7.02.2 0.20.3 0.140.20 0.010.02 0.030.05 0.020.01 -55-85 1,613 - 23,753 5,032 0.83- 0.93 - 78.82.2 0.30.6 0.200.13 0.000.01 0.330.03 0.080.02 -41-55 1,203 1,613 31,236 23,753 0.890.83 0.960.93 78.81.5 0.60.3 0.130.12 0.020.00 0.030.33 0.000.08 -41- 1,203 865 31,2365,292 0.89- 0.96- 65.41.5 0.34.3 0.121.62 2.280.02 0.250.03 0.070.00 -- 865 - 15,346 5,292 -- - - 65.413.2 4.30.6 1.620.27 0.002.28 0.240.25 0.000.07 -61- - - 15,346 - -- - - 13.214.2 0.60.3 0.270.14 0.00 0.090.24 0.000.00 -49-61 325 - 23,324 - 0.72- 0.93 - 14.21.4 0.30.5 0.140.03 0.010.00 0.000.09 0.330.00 -49- 325 - 48,854 23,324 0.72- 0.93- 1.47.9 0.51.5 0.030.53 0.750.01 0.080.00 0.060.33 -- - - 48,8543,738 -- - - 7.98.0 1.51.4 0.530.41 0.080.75 0.770.08 0.040.06 -63- - - 2,230 3,738 - - 0.61 - 8.01.5 1.40.4 0.410.20 0.060.08 0.060.77 0.010.04 -63- - - 8,175 2,230 -- 0.61- 75.21.5 0.41.6 0.200.52 0.010.06 0.610.06 0.350.01 -55- - - 8,175 - - - 0.58 - 75.26.5 1.62.5 0.520.11 0.080.01 0.000.61 2.220.35 -55- - - 25,507 - -- 0.58- 60.26.5 2.50.4 0.270.11 0.000.08 0.010.00 0.042.22 -56- 203 - 25,5073,473 0.40- 0.57 - 60.231.4 0.41.3 0.270.50 0.160.00 0.210.01 0.250.04 -56- 203 - 22,220 3,473 0.40- 0.57- 31.40.2 1.30.0 0.500.00 0.000.16 0.000.21 0.020.25 -59- 795 - 43,167 22,220 0.79- 0.94 - 0.26.9 0.00.4 0.000.20 0.020.00 0.040.00 0.050.02 -43-59 369 795 43,1675,877 0.650.79 0.760.94 17.06.9 0.40.9 0.200.55 0.220.02 0.04 0.000.05 -43- 152 369 2,637 5,877 0.65- 0.76- 17.03.3 0.90.5 0.550.23 0.180.22 0.010.04 0.020.00 -- 152 - 2,771 2,637 -- - - 67.43.3 0.51.1 0.230.64 0.010.18 0.180.01 0.170.02 -- 263 - 9,424 2,771 -- - - 108.467.4 1.11.5 0.640.90 0.130.01 0.310.18 0.050.17 -52- 497 263 7,578 9,424 0.63- 0.80 - 108.416.6 1.53.4 0.900.86 2.250.13 0.020.31 0.150.05 -52- 497 - 10,951 7,578 0.63- 0.80- 16.65.8 3.41.4 0.860.14 0.002.25 0.130.02 1.030.15 -- - - 53,496 10,951 -- - - 24.85.8 1.40.9 0.140.52 0.230.00 0.060.13 0.031.03 -- - - 53,4962,002 -- - - 24.847.4 0.90.6 0.520.32 0.000.23 0.160.06 0.010.03 -40- - - 3,572 2,002 - - 0.72 - 47.414.6 0.60.7 0.320.14 0.150.00 0.050.16 0.280.01 -40- - - 1,309 3,572 -- 0.72- 14.6 0.7 0.14 0.15 0.05 0.28 - - 1,309 - - 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - - 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - - 3.2 1.0 0.53 0.12 0.20 0.09 -34 - 4,607 - 0.81 24.93.2 1.03.0 0.530.60 0.170.12 2.020.20 0.000.09 -15-34 2,030 - 35,659 4,607 0.87- 0.950.81 24.933.0 3.03.4 0.601.36 0.340.17 1.582.02 0.020.00 -15- 2,030 - 21,277 35,659 0.87- 0.95- 33.011.3 3.41.1 1.360.32 0.120.34 0.281.58 0.050.02 -25- 1,968 - 33,784 21,277 0.87- 0.95 - 11.36.5 1.11.7 0.320.58 0.130.12 0.860.28 0.000.05 -25- 1,968 - 33,784 - 0.87- 0.95- 20.46.5 1.72.7 0.581.20 0.190.13 0.990.86 0.100.00 -2- - - 9,605 - - - 0.84 - 20.48.2 2.71.8 1.200.22 0.150.19 0.980.99 0.340.10 -2- - - 13,593 9,605 -- 0.84- 26.98.2 1.82.6 0.221.11 0.140.15 1.220.98 0.000.34 -- - - 21,184 13,593 -- - - 26.928.2 2.65.2 2.501.11 0.040.14 0.291.22 2.090.00 -24- 2,197 - 34,633 21,184 0.88- 0.95 - 28.212.0 5.29.0 2.500.67 0.390.04 3.210.29 4.592.09 -24- 2,197 - 18,080 34,633 0.88- 0.95- 12.068.3 13.09.0 0.671.38 0.000.39 8.663.21 2.814.59 -- 1,827 - 31,597 18,080 -- - - 173.768.3 13.02.8 1.381.28 0.280.00 0.898.66 0.182.81 -9- 1,935 1,827 30,119 31,597 0.88- 0.96 - 173.7154.1 2.81.9 1.280.87 0.100.28 0.640.89 0.080.18 -90 1,935 - 31,291 30,119 0.870.88 0.950.96 154.115.2 1.91.4 0.870.79 0.10 0.140.64 0.250.08 10 1,241 - 27,532 31,291 0.840.87 0.940.95 15.225.9 1.42.6 0.791.72 0.100.11 0.570.14 0.010.25 81 1,241 - 17,212 27,532 0.800.84 0.880.94 25.918.0 2.64.3 1.720.98 0.910.11 0.250.57 1.880.01 -228 1,373 - 41,085 17,212 0.840.80 0.960.88 18.060.8 4.31.0 0.980.53 0.080.91 0.270.25 0.071.88 -21-22 1,737 1,373 29,048 41,085 0.860.84 0.950.96 60.816.6 1.07.2 0.531.03 0.720.08 3.340.27 2.080.07 -21- 1,737 - 13,905 29,048 0.86- 0.95- 16.612.5 7.23.7 1.030.70 0.920.72 1.643.34 0.292.08 -- - - 13,625 13,905 -- - - 12.54.3 3.71.1 0.700.95 0.050.92 0.071.64 0.010.29 -- - - 13,6253,588 -- - - 17.24.3 1.11.0 0.950.27 0.060.05 0.080.07 0.500.01 -27- 2,305 - 34,369 3,588 0.89- 0.96 - 17.228.5 1.06.1 0.270.69 0.030.06 3.230.08 2.010.50 -27- 2,301 2,305 50,794 34,369 0.89- 0.96- 28.570.1 6.11.8 0.690.82 0.130.03 0.713.23 0.122.01 -38- 2,301 - 13,919 50,794 - - 0.88 - 70.112.5 1.81.2 0.820.24 0.260.13 0.570.71 0.080.12 -386 822 - 20,273 13,919 0.77- 0.910.88 12.548.9 1.22.3 0.240.84 0.180.26 1.000.57 0.100.08 -66 332 822 20,2739,348 0.77- 0.830.91 906.248.9 2.36.3 0.841.55 0.330.18 4.181.00 0.210.10 -6- 332 - 13,073 9,348 -- 0.83- 906.214.4 6.32.7 1.550.83 0.090.33 1.604.18 0.000.21 -- - - 16,214 13,073 -- - - 14.44.7 2.72.4 0.830.22 0.250.09 1.801.60 0.000.00 -- - - 25,020 16,214 -- - - 58.04.7 2.41.3 0.220.84 0.130.25 0.241.80 0.060.00 -27- 1,269 - 31,338 25,020 0.86- 0.95 - 58.09.5 1.3 0.840.26 0.170.13 0.730.24 0.010.06 -28-27 3,574 1,269 37,483 31,338 0.900.86 0.960.95 103.59.5 1.32.2 0.261.47 0.140.17 0.400.73 0.150.01 -28- 3,574 - 37,4839,676 0.90- 0.96- 103.595.7 2.21.6 1.470.62 0.140.11 0.110.40 0.560.15 1- 2,192 - 32,103 9,676 0.86- 0.95 - 95.7 1.6 0.62 0.11 0.11 0.56 1 2,192 32,103 0.86 0.95 3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - - 3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - - 276.0 7.1 2.32 1.94 0.78 1.91 -41 1,894 15,119 0.79 0.86 180.9 19.3 2.75 15.77 0.07 -66 515 3,946 0.56 0.73 276.0 7.1 2.320.67 1.94 0.78 1.91 -41 1,894 15,119 0.79 0.86 67.4 4.1 0.45 0.53 2.16 0.83 - 1,132 19,838 - - 180.9 19.3 0.67 2.75 15.77 0.07 -66 515 3,946 0.56 0.73 175.8 3.9 0.22 1.32 2.19 0.04 -63 613 7,745 0.69 0.80 67.4 4.1 0.45 0.53 2.16 0.83 - 1,132 19,838 - - 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 175.8 3.9 0.22 1.32 2.19 0.04 -63 613 7,745 0.69 0.80 12.1 1.1 0.59 0.09 0.20 0.14 3 - 10,658 - 0.86 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 5.4 0.6 0.25 0.13 0.12 0.02 -64 451 9,192 0.64 0.77 12.1 1.1 0.59 0.09 0.20 0.14 3 - 10,658 - 0.86 30.5 2.3 0.33 0.40 1.33 0.20 -73 577 6,198 0.71 0.81 5.4 0.6 0.25 0.13 0.12 0.02 -64 451 9,192 0.64 0.77 14.1 1.1 0.35 0.22 0.41 0.05 -62 664 6,051 0.53 0.70 30.5 2.3 0.33 0.40 1.33 0.20 -73 577 6,198 0.71 0.81 2.2 0.2 0.15 0.04 0.01 0.02 -69 316 1,556 0.43 0.53 14.1 1.1 0.35 0.22 0.41 0.05 -62 664 6,051 0.53 0.70 13.8 2.0 0.43 0.33 0.88 0.26 -76 445 3,564 0.57 0.73 2.2 0.2 0.15 0.04 0.01 0.02 -69 316 1,556 0.43 0.53 178.7 1.7 0.65 0.31 0.50 0.17 - 859 11,370 - - 13.8 2.0 0.43 0.33 0.88 0.26 -76 445 3,564 0.57 0.73 18.2 3.3 0.74 0.66 1.25 0.57 -78 579 2,194 0.57 0.70 178.7 1.7 0.65 0.31 0.50 0.17 - 859 11,370 - - 11.3 3.4 0.33 0.56 1.79 0.70 -71 469 8,721 0.76 0.83 18.2 3.3 0.74 0.66 1.25 0.57 -78 579 2,194 0.57 0.70 64.9 10.8 1.30 2.68 6.67 0.06 -76 469 4,652 0.68 0.76 11.3 3.4 0.33 0.56 1.79 0.70 -71 469 8,721 0.76 0.83 112.5 4.1 0.41 0.57 2.73 0.27 - 716 6,625 - - 64.9 10.8 1.30 2.68 6.67 0.06 -76 469 4,652 0.68 0.76 72.1 2.7 0.29 0.34 1.91 0.05 - 1,473 12,594 - - 112.5 4.1 0.41 0.57 2.73 0.27 - 716 6,625 - - 72.1 2.7 0.29 0.34 1.91 0.05 - 1,473 12,594 - - 1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - -

1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - - 556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96 556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96 434.0 12.8 1.90 4.95 2.82 3.09 -56 - - - - - 434.0 12.8 1.90 4.95 2.82 3.09 -56 - - - - 2.1 2.5 0.48 0.11 1.32 0.50 - 496 6,326 - - - 49.9 12.0 1.04 3.47 5.03 2.36 -52 2,441 25,484 0.86 0.95 2.1 2.5 0.11 1.32 - 496 6,326 - 23.2 3.7 0.480.30 0.05 2.59 0.700.50 - 177 2,336 -- - 49.9 12.0 3.47 5.03 -52 2,441 25,484 0.95 1.6 3.2 1.040.50 0.01 2.42 0.082.36 - - 1,318 0.86- - 23.2 3.7 0.30 0.05 2.59 0.70 - 177 2,336 - - 1 Regional1.6 averages3.2 are calculated0.50 using values0.01 from all countries2.42 within each0.08 United Nations- region; only selected- cou 1,318ntries are shown- here. - 1 Dashes indicate missing or insufficient data. 2 Regional averages are calculated using values from all countries within each United Nations region; only selected countries are shown here. DashesAlso includes indicate Built-up missing land or biocapacityinsufficient data.equal to the Built-up land Footprint, shown on previous page. 3 2 AlsoIn constant includes 2005 Built-up US $ land biocapacity equal to the Built-up land Footprint, shown on previous page. 3 In constant 2005 US $

Change in Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Grazing Fishing Population, Ecological Ecological Footprint, Yield 1 Cropland Forest Land Grounds Change in Country/Region Population 1961-2006Change in FootprintNational PerFootprint capita Carbon Footprint CroplandEcologicalGrazing Footprint land Forest Components land Fishing grounds Built-up land per1961-2006 capita Grazing Fishing [millions] Population,[percent] [millionEcological gha] [ghaEcological per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] Footprint,[percent] Yield Cropland Forest Land Grounds Country/Region1 Population 1961-2006 Footprint Footprint Carbon Footprint Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds Built-up land 1961-2006 World Average 6,592.9[millions] [percent]114 1.017,090.66[million gha]1.0 [gha per2.59 capita]1.0 [gha 1.37per capita] [gha per0.57 capita] [gha per0.22 capita] [gha 0.28per capita] [gha per0.10 capita] [gha per0.06 capita] [percent]13 1.0 World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 Africa 942.5 1.0 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61

0.35 0.20 -61 Algeria 942.533.4 203225 1,338.2263.90 1.921.42 0.81 0.480.76 0.14 0.290.13 0.040.03 0.050.04 92 Angola 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.03 0.04 92 Benin 33.48.8 272203 63.908.85 1.011.92 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.130.30 0.03 0.03 -22 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.09 0.04 -26 Botswana 16.61.9 242224 15.667.20 3.880.95 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.130.19 0.01 0.06 - 272 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 Burkina Faso 14.48.8 210 19.558.85 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 242 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - Cameroon 18.21.9 229 20.107.20 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 Central African Rep. 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 Chad 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 Congo 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 Congo, DRC 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 Côte d'Ivoire 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - Djibouti 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 Egypt 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 Eritrea 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 Gambia 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - Ghana 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 Guinea 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - Guinea-Bissau 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 Liberia 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 Libya 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 Madagascar 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - Mali 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 Mauritania 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 Morocco 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 Namibia 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 Niger 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - Nigeria 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 Senegal 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - Sierra Leone 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 Somalia 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 South Africa 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 Sudan 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - Tanzania 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 Tunisia 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 262 1.17 0.44 0.36 0.01 0.05 - Zambia 11.710.2 138 13.6919.23 1.88 0.160.58 0.82 0.100.15 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 241 1.04 0.25 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51 Zimbabwe 13.211.7 262 13.6913.69 1.17 0.120.16 0.44 0.150.36 0.36 0.01 0.05 - 30 The Ecological Wealth of Nations13.2 241 13.69 1.04 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51 3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 8.43.0 -- 19.254.94 2.291.64 1.260.72 0.580.62 0.220.26 0.060.07 0.000.01 0.060.07 -- 14.28.4 155- 12.7419.25 0.902.29 0.081.26 0.620.46 0.260.07 0.070.25 0.010.00 0.070.04 -54- 1328.514.2 15598 2,456.1812.74 1.850.90 1.080.08 0.460.36 0.070.13 0.250.15 0.000.06 0.040.07 -54165 1151.81328.5 15398 2,456.18886.01 0.771.85 0.311.08 0.360.28 0.130.01 0.150.12 0.060.01 0.070.04 165-12 1151.870.3 215153 186.60886.01 2.660.77 1.570.31 0.280.66 0.010.17 0.120.05 0.010.13 0.040.09 -1221 28.570.3 277215 186.6037.96 1.332.66 0.841.57 0.660.42 0.170.03 0.050.01 0.130.01 0.090.02 21-21 28.56.8 210277 36.6337.96 5.381.33 3.690.84 0.421.03 0.030.09 0.010.36 0.010.15 0.020.07 -2153 128.06.8 21035 526.1336.63 4.115.38 2.683.69 1.030.58 0.090.03 0.360.28 0.150.47 0.070.07 5390 128.05.7 51535 526.1311.66 2.044.11 0.942.68 0.580.69 0.030.08 0.280.17 0.470.07 0.070.08 90- 15.35.7 515- 67.6311.66 4.422.04 2.910.94 0.691.18 0.080.15 0.170.13 0.070.01 0.080.06 -- 23.715.3 111- 33.2367.63 1.404.42 0.882.91 1.180.31 0.150.00 0.130.14 0.010.01 0.060.05 25- 48.023.7 11187 179.4633.23 3.731.40 2.090.88 0.310.69 0.000.04 0.140.24 0.010.61 0.050.06 26725 48.02.8 80587 179.4621.96 7.903.73 6.652.09 0.690.71 0.040.10 0.240.19 0.610.12 0.060.14 267- 5.32.8 805- 21.966.72 1.287.90 0.506.65 0.710.55 0.100.11 0.190.03 0.120.00 0.140.09 -- 5.85.3 183- 6.016.72 1.041.28 0.070.50 0.550.41 0.110.08 0.030.39 0.000.01 0.090.10 -42- 4.15.8 108183 8.646.01 2.131.04 0.910.07 0.410.66 0.080.15 0.390.27 0.010.09 0.100.05 -42- 48.44.1 125108 46.798.64 0.972.13 0.060.91 0.660.50 0.150.01 0.270.33 0.090.00 0.050.07 13- 48.42.5 340125 46.799.02 3.540.97 2.090.06 0.500.59 0.010.18 0.330.15 0.000.40 0.070.12 13- 160.92.5 240340 120.129.02 0.753.54 0.302.09 0.590.29 0.180.01 0.150.08 0.400.01 0.120.04 -16- 160.924.2 476240 120.1284.14 3.480.75 1.620.30 0.291.29 0.010.11 0.080.14 0.010.14 0.040.18 -16- 24.24.4 159476 19.7584.14 4.513.48 3.141.62 1.290.66 0.110.06 0.140.30 0.140.32 0.180.02 -- 19.24.4 15993 17.9019.75 0.934.51 0.163.14 0.660.30 0.060.01 0.300.15 0.320.26 0.020.04 -10- 19.419.2 30793 31.3317.90 1.610.93 0.760.16 0.300.54 0.010.16 0.150.08 0.260.03 0.040.06 -10- 19.46.6 307- 31.335.75 0.871.61 0.260.76 0.540.39 0.160.15 0.080.02 0.030.00 0.060.06 -- 63.46.6 122- 109.275.75 1.720.87 0.730.26 0.390.54 0.150.01 0.020.17 0.000.21 0.060.06 -- 73.963.4 155122 209.60109.27 2.841.72 1.370.73 0.541.01 0.010.08 0.170.26 0.210.04 0.060.08 19- 73.94.9 155- 209.6018.75 3.832.84 2.461.37 1.010.74 0.080.49 0.260.00 0.040.01 0.080.12 19- 4.24.9 4,235- 43.7218.75 10.293.83 7.192.46 0.741.98 0.490.19 0.000.49 0.010.38 0.120.06 -- 27.04.2 4,235- 46.7043.72 10.291.73 1.167.19 1.980.39 0.190.08 0.490.03 0.380.00 0.060.07 -- 86.227.0 150- 87.4946.70 1.011.73 0.441.16 0.390.32 0.080.00 0.030.19 0.000.00 0.070.06 38- 21.786.2 308150 21.3287.49 0.981.01 0.400.44 0.32 0.000.16 0.190.03 0.000.02 0.060.05 38- 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 - 731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 0.08 43 8.33.2 1891 40.728.15 4.892.57 2.981.18 0.960.72 0.250.16 0.080.73 0.020.11 0.080.19 4396 9.78.3 18- 41.0540.72 4.214.89 1.932.98 0.721.43 0.160.23 0.730.41 0.110.12 0.190.08 96- 10.49.7 14- 59.4241.05 5.704.21 2.441.93 1.431.84 0.230.38 0.410.56 0.120.17 0.080.31 32- 10.43.9 14- 13.3259.42 3.395.70 1.542.44 1.841.07 0.380.18 0.560.47 0.170.06 0.310.08 32- 7.73.9 -3- 25.0213.32 3.253.39 1.691.54 1.070.77 0.180.22 0.470.36 0.060.04 0.080.17 35- 4.67.7 -3- 15.2025.02 3.343.25 2.031.69 0.770.49 0.220.09 0.360.56 0.040.06 0.170.11 35- 10.24.6 -- 54.2315.20 5.323.34 2.952.03 0.491.03 0.090.12 0.560.99 0.060.07 0.110.16 -- 10.25.4 18- 39.0754.23 7.195.32 3.772.95 1.031.10 0.120.21 0.991.24 0.070.60 0.160.28 12- 1.35.4 18- 39.078.60 6.427.19 3.153.77 1.100.44 0.210.15 1.242.40 0.600.14 0.280.13 12- 5.31.3 18- 29.008.60 5.516.42 2.673.15 0.441.27 0.150.03 2.401.02 0.140.38 0.130.14 -- 61.35.3 3318 282.2829.00 4.605.51 2.492.67 1.270.81 0.030.16 1.020.63 0.380.30 0.140.21 38- 82.661.3 1333 333.40282.28 4.034.60 2.212.49 0.810.93 0.160.07 0.630.51 0.300.14 0.210.18 3837 11.182.6 3313 333.4064.02 5.764.03 3.942.21 0.93 0.070.25 0.510.43 0.140.12 0.180.08 28437 10.111.1 330 32.4564.02 3.235.76 1.393.94 0.931.16 0.250.06 0.430.41 0.120.03 0.080.17 28410 10.14.2 490 34.5732.45 8.193.23 5.191.39 1.161.06 0.060.72 0.410.64 0.030.33 0.170.25 12610 58.84.2 1649 290.1034.57 4.948.19 2.885.19 1.061.02 0.720.20 0.640.50 0.330.24 0.250.08 126116 58.82.3 16- 290.1010.53 4.604.94 0.862.88 1.020.97 0.200.15 0.502.39 0.240.16 0.080.07 116- 3.42.3 -- 11.3210.53 3.324.60 1.540.86 0.970.35 0.150.09 2.390.93 0.160.33 0.070.10 -- 3.83.4 -- 11.326.70 1.753.32 0.841.54 0.350.72 0.090.06 0.930.07 0.330.00 0.100.05 -- 16.43.8 41- 75.416.70 4.601.75 2.440.84 0.721.22 0.060.21 0.070.41 0.000.18 0.050.14 40- 16.44.7 2941 19.6375.41 4.204.60 2.052.44 1.221.19 0.210.04 0.410.59 0.180.18 0.140.15 40- 38.14.7 2729 148.2519.63 3.894.20 2.382.05 1.190.65 0.040.01 0.590.66 0.180.11 0.150.07 25- 10.638.1 1927 148.2546.23 4.373.89 2.412.38 0.650.85 0.010.19 0.660.14 0.110.74 0.070.04 2574 21.510.6 1619 57.5046.23 2.674.37 1.212.41 0.850.84 0.190.09 0.140.33 0.740.05 0.040.14 7446 143.221.5 16- 635.9757.50 4.442.67 2.231.21 0.841.51 0.090.05 0.330.43 0.050.15 0.140.06 46- 143.25.4 -- 635.9726.64 4.944.44 3.482.23 1.510.59 0.050.06 0.430.59 0.150.07 0.060.15 -- 2.05.4 -- 26.647.78 3.894.94 2.073.48 0.590.79 0.06 0.590.78 0.070.10 0.150.09 -- 43.92.0 43- 247.017.78 5.633.89 3.252.07 0.791.16 0.060.17 0.780.46 0.100.53 0.090.05 120- 43.97.5 3743 247.0141.67 5.595.63 3.983.25 1.160.72 0.170.20 0.460.43 0.530.14 0.050.11 12090 0.11 46.67.5 37- 124.2041.67 2.675.59 1.453.98 0.720.87 0.200.01 0.430.17 0.140.11 0.07 90- 0.87 0.11 0.07 60.746.6 15- 371.65124.20 6.122.67 4.001.45 0.93 0.010.20 0.170.58 0.23 0.18 59- 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 -

335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61 335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61

32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64

33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35 33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35

104 3.68 0.55 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 0.80.8 104 3.063.06 3.68 1.99 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 7.58 0.44 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 4.14.1 7171 31.3631.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 0.21 0.87 0.11 6.26.2 193193 10.5910.59 1.711.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.300.30 0.87 0.11 -- 0.42 0.20 0.50.5 297297 0.840.84 1.731.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.250.25 0.750.75 0.20 -- 2 Change in Biocapacity Components per capita Gross Gross Human Human Grazing Fishing National Per Capita Biocapacity, Domestic Domestic Development Development Yield Forest Land Grounds 2 Change in 1 Biocapacity Biocapacity Cropland BiocapacityGrazing land ComponentsForest land Fishing grounds per1961-2006 capita Product,Gross 1961 Product,Gross 2006 Index,Human 1980 Index,Human 2006 Country/Region Grazing Fishing 3 3 [millionsNational gha] [ghaPer per Capita capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] Biocapacity,[percent] [$Domestic per capita] [$Domestic per capita] Development Development Yield Forest Land Grounds 1 Biocapacity Biocapacity Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds 1961-2006 Product, 1961 Product, 2006 Index, 1980 Index, 2006 Country/Region [millions11,901.5 gha] [gha 1.81per capita] [gha 0.56per capita] [gha per0.26 capita] [gha per0.74 capita] [gha per0.18 capita] [percent]-51 [$ per capita] - 3 [$ per capita] - 3 - -

11,901.5 1,418.8 1.511.81 0.420.56 0.260.45 0.740.46 0.180.12 -51-68 ------Africa

1,418.827.2 0.821.51 0.370.42 0.450.35 0.460.04 0.120.01 -68-59 475 - 6,912 - -- 0.75- Algeria 55.6 3.36 0.22 2.01 0.78 0.31 -70 - 4,446 - 0.55 Angola 27.26.9 0.780.82 0.480.37 0.350.05 0.040.19 0.010.03 -59-68 475172 6,9121,417 0.35- 0.750.49 Benin 55.67.9 4.273.36 0.150.22 2.013.02 0.780.70 0.310.33 -70- 153- 4,4468,918 -- 0.55 - Botswana 19.26.9 1.340.78 0.690.48 0.050.22 0.190.34 0.030.00 -68-47 172153 1,4171,366 0.350.25 0.490.38 Burkina Faso 0.15 0.33 - 37.27.9 2.054.27 0.59 3.020.13 0.701.14 0.13 -72- 153353 8,9182,776 0.46 0.52- Cameroon 0.69 0.00 0.25 35.919.2 8.411.34 0.65 0.220.38 0.347.31 0.00 -47-64 153297 1,366871 0.34 0.380.37 Central African Rep. 2.05 0.59 1.14 0.13 2,776 0.46 35.337.2 3.38 0.60 0.131.54 1.07 0.10 -72-71 353275 2,766 - 0.520.39 Chad 8.41 0.65 7.31 0.00 871 0.34 48.735.9 13.20 0.23 0.384.05 8.35 0.51 -64-73 297220 5,202 - 0.370.60 Congo 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - Congo, DRC 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 Côte d'Ivoire 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 Djibouti 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 Egypt 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - Eritrea 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 Gambia 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - Ghana 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 Guinea 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 Guinea-Bissau 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 Liberia 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - Libya 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 Madagascar 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 Mali 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 Mauritania 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 Morocco 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - Namibia 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 Niger 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - Nigeria 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 Senegal 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 Sierra Leone 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - Somalia 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 South Africa 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 Sudan 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 Tanzania 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - Tunisia 33.5 2.86 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 Zambia 9.8 0.74 0.18 0.37 0.14 0.01 -72 480 2,281 - - 33.5 2.86 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - Zimbabwe 1 Regional9.8 averages0.74 are calculated using0.18 values from all0.37 countries within each0.14 United Nations0.01 region; only selected-72 countries are 480shown here. Dashes2,281 indicate missing- or insufﬁ cient data.- 31 2,867.12Also includes Built-up0.7 land biocapacity0.33 equal to the Built-up0.08 land Footprint,0.15 shown on previous0.10 page. -44 - - - - 3In constant 2005 US $. 2,867.1 0.7 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.10 -44 - - - - 2.2 0.7 0.30 0.29 0.07 0.02 - - 8,944 - - 0.54 0.11 0.02 8,446 - 8.32.2 1.00.7 0.30 0.290.26 0.07 0.02 -- - - 8,944 - - - 0.45 0.14 - 13.48.3 0.91.0 0.54 0.260.12 0.110.20 0.02 -54- - - 8,446 2,765 - 0.58- 0.08 0.53 1,131.313.4 0.9 0.350.45 0.12 0.200.22 0.14 -54-17 117 - 2,765 7,303 - 0.580.76 1,131.3428.8 0.40.9 0.270.35 0.120.00 0.220.02 0.080.04 -17-54 117195 7,303 3,712 0.530.43 0.760.60 428.869.3 1.00.4 0.550.27 0.000.21 0.020.07 0.040.07 -54-65 195 429 3,712 9,739 0.430.56 0.600.78 69.37.0 0.21.0 0.140.55 0.210.02 0.070.05 0.070.01 -65-85 429 - 9,739 5,032 0.56- 0.78 - 2.27.0 0.30.2 0.200.14 0.020.01 0.050.03 0.010.02 -85-55 1,613 - 23,7535,032 0.83- 0.93- 78.82.2 0.60.3 0.130.20 0.010.00 0.030.33 0.020.08 -55-41 1,613 1,203 23,753 31,236 0.830.89 0.930.96 78.81.5 0.30.6 0.120.13 0.000.02 0.330.03 0.080.00 -41- 1,203 865 31,236 5,292 0.89- 0.96 - 65.41.5 4.30.3 1.620.12 0.022.28 0.030.25 0.000.07 -- 865 - 15,3465,292 -- - - 13.265.4 0.64.3 0.271.62 2.280.00 0.250.24 0.070.00 -61- - - 15,346 - -- - - 14.213.2 0.30.6 0.140.27 0.00 0.240.09 0.000.00 -61-49 325 - 23,324 - 0.72- 0.93- 14.21.4 0.50.3 0.030.14 0.000.01 0.090.00 0.000.33 -49- 325 - 23,324 48,854 0.72- 0.93 - 7.91.4 1.50.5 0.530.03 0.010.75 0.000.08 0.330.06 -- - - 48,854 3,738 -- - - 8.07.9 1.41.5 0.410.53 0.750.08 0.080.77 0.060.04 -63- - - 3,738 2,230 -- 0.61- 1.58.0 0.41.4 0.200.41 0.080.06 0.770.06 0.040.01 -63- - - 2,230 8,175 - - 0.61 - 75.21.5 1.60.4 0.520.20 0.060.01 0.060.61 0.010.35 -55- - - 8,175 - -- 0.58- 75.26.5 2.51.6 0.520.11 0.010.08 0.610.00 0.352.22 -55- - - 25,507 - - - 0.58 - 60.26.5 0.42.5 0.270.11 0.080.00 0.000.01 2.220.04 -56- 203 - 25,507 3,473 0.40- 0.57- 31.460.2 1.30.4 0.500.27 0.000.16 0.010.21 0.040.25 -56- 203 - 22,2203,473 0.40- 0.57 - 31.40.2 0.01.3 0.000.50 0.160.00 0.210.00 0.250.02 -59- 795 - 22,220 43,167 0.79- 0.94- 6.90.2 0.40.0 0.200.00 0.000.02 0.000.04 0.020.05 -59-43 795 369 43,167 5,877 0.790.65 0.940.76 17.06.9 0.90.4 0.550.20 0.020.22 0.04 0.050.00 -43- 369 152 5,877 2,637 0.65- 0.76 - 17.03.3 0.50.9 0.230.55 0.220.18 0.040.01 0.000.02 -- 152 - 2,637 2,771 -- - - 67.43.3 1.10.5 0.640.23 0.180.01 0.010.18 0.020.17 -- 263 - 2,771 9,424 -- - - 108.467.4 1.51.1 0.900.64 0.010.13 0.180.31 0.170.05 -52- 263 497 9,424 7,578 0.63- 0.80- 108.416.6 3.41.5 0.860.90 0.132.25 0.310.02 0.050.15 -52- 497 - 10,9517,578 0.63- 0.80 - 16.65.8 1.43.4 0.140.86 2.250.00 0.020.13 0.151.03 -- - - 10,951 53,496 -- - - 24.85.8 0.91.4 0.520.14 0.000.23 0.130.06 1.030.03 -- - - 53,496 2,002 -- - - 47.424.8 0.60.9 0.320.52 0.230.00 0.060.16 0.030.01 -40- - - 2,002 3,572 -- 0.72- 14.647.4 0.70.6 0.140.32 0.000.15 0.160.05 0.010.28 -40- - - 3,572 1,309 - - 0.72 - 14.6 0.7 0.14 0.15 0.05 0.28 - - 1,309 - - 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - - 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - - 3.2 1.0 0.53 0.12 0.20 0.09 -34 - 4,607 - 0.81 24.93.2 3.01.0 0.600.53 0.120.17 0.202.02 0.090.00 -34-15 2,030 - 35,6594,607 0.87- 0.810.95 33.024.9 3.43.0 1.360.60 0.170.34 2.021.58 0.000.02 -15- 2,030 - 35,659 21,277 0.87- 0.95 - 11.333.0 1.13.4 0.321.36 0.340.12 1.580.28 0.020.05 -25- 1,968 - 21,277 33,784 0.87- 0.95- 11.36.5 1.71.1 0.580.32 0.120.13 0.280.86 0.050.00 -25- 1,968 - 33,784 - 0.87- 0.95 - 20.46.5 2.71.7 1.200.58 0.130.19 0.860.99 0.000.10 -2- - - 9,605 - -- 0.84- 20.48.2 1.82.7 0.221.20 0.190.15 0.990.98 0.100.34 -2- - - 13,5939,605 - - 0.84 - 26.98.2 2.61.8 0.221.11 0.150.14 0.981.22 0.340.00 -- - - 13,593 21,184 -- - - 28.226.9 5.22.6 2.501.11 0.140.04 1.220.29 0.002.09 -24- 2,197 - 21,184 34,633 0.88- 0.95- 12.028.2 9.05.2 0.672.50 0.040.39 0.293.21 2.094.59 -24- 2,197 - 34,633 18,080 0.88- 0.95 - 68.312.0 13.09.0 1.380.67 0.390.00 3.218.66 4.592.81 -- 1,827 - 18,080 31,597 -- - - 173.768.3 13.02.8 1.281.38 0.000.28 8.660.89 2.810.18 -9- 1,827 1,935 31,597 30,119 0.88- 0.96- 154.1173.7 1.92.8 0.871.28 0.280.10 0.890.64 0.180.08 -90 1,935 - 30,119 31,291 0.880.87 0.960.95 154.115.2 1.41.9 0.790.87 0.10 0.640.14 0.080.25 01 1,241 - 31,291 27,532 0.870.84 0.950.94 25.915.2 2.61.4 1.720.79 0.100.11 0.140.57 0.250.01 18 1,241 - 27,532 17,212 0.840.80 0.940.88 18.025.9 4.32.6 0.981.72 0.910.11 0.570.25 0.011.88 -228 1,373 - 17,212 41,085 0.800.84 0.880.96 60.818.0 1.04.3 0.530.98 0.910.08 0.250.27 1.880.07 -22-21 1,373 1,737 41,085 29,048 0.840.86 0.960.95 16.660.8 7.21.0 1.030.53 0.080.72 0.273.34 0.072.08 -21- 1,737 - 29,048 13,905 0.86- 0.95 - 12.516.6 3.77.2 0.701.03 0.720.92 3.341.64 2.080.29 -- - - 13,905 13,625 -- - - 12.54.3 1.13.7 0.950.70 0.920.05 1.640.07 0.290.01 -- - - 13,625 3,588 -- - - 17.24.3 1.01.1 0.270.95 0.050.06 0.070.08 0.010.50 -27- 2,305 - 34,3693,588 0.89- 0.96- 28.517.2 6.11.0 0.690.27 0.060.03 0.083.23 0.502.01 -27- 2,305 2,301 34,369 50,794 0.89- 0.96 - 70.128.5 1.86.1 0.820.69 0.030.13 3.230.71 2.010.12 -38- 2,301 - 50,794 13,919 -- 0.88- 12.570.1 1.21.8 0.240.82 0.130.26 0.710.57 0.120.08 -386 822 - 13,919 20,273 0.77- 0.880.91 48.912.5 2.31.2 0.840.24 0.260.18 0.571.00 0.080.10 -66 822 332 20,273 9,348 0.77- 0.910.83 906.248.9 6.32.3 1.550.84 0.180.33 1.004.18 0.100.21 -6- 332 - 13,0739,348 - - 0.83 - 906.214.4 2.76.3 0.831.55 0.330.09 4.181.60 0.210.00 -- - - 13,073 16,214 -- - - 14.44.7 2.42.7 0.220.83 0.090.25 1.601.80 0.000.00 -- - - 16,214 25,020 -- - - 58.04.7 1.32.4 0.840.22 0.250.13 1.800.24 0.000.06 -27- 1,269 - 25,020 31,338 0.86- 0.95- 58.09.5 1.3 0.260.84 0.130.17 0.240.73 0.060.01 -27-28 1,269 3,574 31,338 37,483 0.860.90 0.950.96 103.59.5 2.21.3 1.470.26 0.170.14 0.730.40 0.010.15 -28- 3,574 - 37,483 9,676 0.90- 0.96 - 103.595.7 1.62.2 0.621.47 0.140.11 0.400.11 0.150.56 -1 2,192 - 32,1039,676 0.86- 0.95- 95.7 1.6 0.62 0.11 0.11 0.56 1 2,192 32,103 0.86 0.95 3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - - 3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - - 276.0 7.1 2.32 1.94 0.78 1.91 -41 1,894 15,119 0.79 0.86 7.1 0.78 1.91 15,119 0.79 180.9276.0 19.3 0.672.32 1.942.75 15.77 0.07 -41-66 1,894 515 3,946 0.56 0.860.73 19.3 2.75 15.77 0.07 3,946 0.56 180.967.4 4.1 0.450.67 0.53 2.16 0.83 -66- 1,132 515 19,838 - 0.73 - 67.4 4.1 0.53 2.16 0.83 - 1,132 19,838 - - 175.8 3.9 0.220.45 1.32 2.19 0.04 -63 613 7,745 0.69 0.80 175.8 3.9 1.32 2.19 0.04 -63 613 7,745 0.69 0.80 8.0 1.8 0.350.22 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 12.1 1.1 0.59 0.09 0.20 0.14 3 - 10,658 - 0.86 12.1 1.1 0.59 0.09 0.20 0.14 3 - 10,658 - 0.86 5.4 0.6 0.25 0.13 0.12 0.02 -64 451 9,192 0.64 0.77 5.4 0.6 0.25 0.13 0.12 0.02 -64 451 9,192 0.64 0.77 30.5 2.3 0.33 0.40 1.33 0.20 -73 577 6,198 0.71 0.81 30.5 2.3 0.33 0.40 1.33 0.20 -73 577 6,198 0.71 0.81 14.1 1.1 0.35 0.22 0.41 0.05 -62 664 6,051 0.53 0.70 14.1 1.1 0.35 0.22 0.41 0.05 -62 664 6,051 0.53 0.70 2.2 0.2 0.15 0.04 0.01 0.02 -69 316 1,556 0.43 0.53 2.2 0.2 0.15 0.04 0.01 0.02 -69 316 1,556 0.43 0.53 13.8 2.0 0.43 0.33 0.88 0.26 -76 445 3,564 0.57 0.73 13.8 2.0 0.43 0.33 0.88 0.26 -76 445 3,564 0.57 0.73 178.7 1.7 0.65 0.31 0.50 0.17 - 859 11,370 - - 178.7 1.7 0.65 0.31 0.50 0.17 - 859 11,370 - - 18.2 3.3 0.74 0.66 1.25 0.57 -78 579 2,194 0.57 0.70 18.2 3.3 0.74 0.66 1.25 0.57 -78 579 2,194 0.57 0.70 11.3 3.4 0.33 0.56 1.79 0.70 -71 469 8,721 0.76 0.83 11.3 3.4 0.33 0.56 1.79 0.70 -71 469 8,721 0.76 0.83 64.9 10.8 1.30 2.68 6.67 0.06 -76 469 4,652 0.68 0.76 64.9 10.8 1.30 2.68 6.67 0.06 -76 469 4,652 0.68 0.76 112.5 4.1 0.41 0.57 2.73 0.27 - 716 6,625 - - 112.5 4.1 0.41 0.57 2.73 0.27 - 716 6,625 - - 72.1 2.7 0.29 0.34 1.91 0.05 - 1,473 12,594 - - 72.1 2.7 0.29 0.34 1.91 0.05 - 1,473 12,594 - -

1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - - 1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - -

556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96

434.0 12.8 1.90 4.95 2.82 3.09 -56 - - - - 434.0 12.8 1.90 4.95 2.82 3.09 -56 ------2.1 2.5 0.48 0.11 1.32 0.50 - 496 6,326 - - 2.1 2.5 0.48 0.11 1.32 0.50 - 496 6,326 - - 49.9 12.0 1.04 3.47 5.03 2.36 -52 2,441 25,484 0.86 0.95 49.9 12.0 1.04 3.47 5.03 2.36 -52 2,441 25,484 0.86 0.95 23.2 3.7 0.30 0.05 2.59 0.70 - 177 2,336 - - 23.2 3.7 0.30 0.05 2.59 0.70 - 177 2,336 - - 1.6 3.2 0.50 0.01 2.42 - - 1,318 - 1.6 3.2 0.50 0.01 2.42 0.080.08 - - 1,318 -- - 1 1 RegionalRegional averagesaverages are calculated using values from all countriescountries withinwithin eacheach UnitedUnited NationsNations region;region; onlyonly selected selected cou countriesntries are are shown shown here. here. DashesDashes indicateindicate missing or insufficient data. 2 2 AlsoAlso includesincludes Built-upBuilt-up land biocapacity equal to the Built-up landand Footprint,Footprint, shownshown onon previousprevious page.page. 3 3 InIn constantconstant 20052005 USUS $$

Change in Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Grazing Fishing Population, Ecological Ecological Footprint, Yield Cropland Forest Land Grounds Country/Region1 Population 1961-2006 Footprint Footprint Carbon Footprint Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds Built-up land 1961-2006 [millions] [percent] [million gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent]

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61

33.4 203 63.90 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 Change in 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Grazing Fishing 10.2 Population,138 Ecological19.23 Ecological1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 Footprint,26 Yield 1 Cropland Forest Land Grounds Country/Region Population11.7 1961-2006262 Footprint13.69 Footprint1.17 Carbon0.16 Footprint Cropland0.44 Grazing0.15 land Forest0.36 land Fishing0.01 grounds Built-up0.05 land 1961-2006- [millions]13.2 [percent]241 [million13.69 gha] [gha per1.04 capita] [gha 0.12per capita] [gha per0.25 capita] [gha per0.36 capita] [gha 0.28per capita] [gha per0.00 capita] [gha per0.03 capita] [percent]-51

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 Asia 3,983.9 1.0 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46

0.35 0.48 0.20 0.04 0.05 -61 Armenia 942.53.0 225- 1,338.224.94 1.641.42 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.290.06 0.00 0.06 - Azerbaijan 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 203 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 Cambodia 14.233.4 155 12.7463.90 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 China 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 India 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - Iran 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 Iraq 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 Israel 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 Japan 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 Jordan 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 Kazakhstan 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - Korea, North 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 Korea, South 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 Kuwait 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 Kyrgyzstan 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - Laos 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 Lebanon 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - Myanmar 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 Oman 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 Pakistan 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 Saudi Arabia 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - Singapore 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 Sri Lanka 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 Syria 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 Tajikistan 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 Thailand 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - Turkey 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - Turkmenistan 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - UAE 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - Uzbekistan 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 Viet Nam 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 - Yemen 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 22 4.51 1.06 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 731.339.5 281 3,297.4740.46 1.03 2.490.11 0.31 0.310.12 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 0.96 0.02 0.08 43 11.73.2 26291 13.698.15 2.571.17 1.180.16 0.44 0.150.25 0.360.08 0.01 0.05 - 0.72 0.11 0.19 32 The Ecological Wealth of Nations13.28.3 24118 40.7213.69 4.891.04 2.980.12 0.25 0.360.16 0.280.73 0.00 0.03 -5196 9.7 - 41.05 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 3,983.910.4 12914 6,031.7159.42 5.701.51 2.440.80 0.381.84 0.060.38 0.140.56 0.080.17 0.060.31 4632 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 7.73.0 -3- 25.024.94 3.251.64 1.690.72 0.580.77 0.22 0.060.36 0.000.04 0.060.17 35- 4.68.4 -- 15.2019.25 3.342.29 2.031.26 0.620.49 0.260.09 0.070.56 0.010.06 0.070.11 -- 10.214.2 155- 54.2312.74 5.320.90 2.950.08 0.461.03 0.070.12 0.250.99 0.000.07 0.040.16 -54- 1328.55.4 1898 2,456.1839.07 7.191.85 3.771.08 0.361.10 0.130.21 0.151.24 0.060.60 0.070.28 16512 1151.81.3 153- 886.018.60 6.420.77 3.150.31 0.280.44 0.010.15 0.122.40 0.010.14 0.040.13 -12- 70.35.3 21518 186.6029.00 5.512.66 2.671.57 0.661.27 0.170.03 0.051.02 0.130.38 0.090.14 21- 61.328.5 27733 282.2837.96 4.601.33 2.490.84 0.420.81 0.030.16 0.010.63 0.010.30 0.020.21 -2138 82.66.8 21013 333.4036.63 4.035.38 2.213.69 1.030.93 0.090.07 0.360.51 0.150.14 0.070.18 5337 128.011.1 3335 526.1364.02 5.764.11 3.942.68 0.580.93 0.030.25 0.280.43 0.470.12 0.070.08 28490 10.15.7 5150 32.4511.66 3.232.04 1.390.94 0.691.16 0.080.06 0.170.41 0.070.03 0.080.17 10- 15.34.2 49- 34.5767.63 8.194.42 5.192.91 1.181.06 0.150.72 0.130.64 0.010.33 0.060.25 126- 58.823.7 11116 290.1033.23 4.941.40 2.880.88 0.311.02 0.000.20 0.140.50 0.010.24 0.050.08 11625 48.02.3 87- 179.4610.53 4.603.73 0.862.09 0.690.97 0.040.15 0.242.39 0.610.16 0.060.07 267- 3.42.8 805- 11.3221.96 3.327.90 1.546.65 0.710.35 0.100.09 0.190.93 0.120.33 0.140.10 -- 3.85.3 -- 6.706.72 1.751.28 0.840.50 0.550.72 0.110.06 0.030.07 0.000.00 0.090.05 -- 16.45.8 18341 75.416.01 4.601.04 2.440.07 0.411.22 0.080.21 0.390.41 0.010.18 0.100.14 -4240 4.74.1 10829 19.638.64 4.202.13 2.050.91 0.661.19 0.150.04 0.270.59 0.090.18 0.050.15 -- 38.148.4 12527 148.2546.79 3.890.97 2.380.06 0.500.65 0.01 0.330.66 0.000.11 0.070.07 1325 10.62.5 34019 46.239.02 4.373.54 2.412.09 0.590.85 0.180.19 0.150.14 0.400.74 0.120.04 74- 160.921.5 24016 120.1257.50 2.670.75 1.210.30 0.290.84 0.010.09 0.080.33 0.010.05 0.040.14 -1646 143.224.2 476- 635.9784.14 4.443.48 2.231.62 1.291.51 0.110.05 0.140.43 0.140.15 0.180.06 -- 5.44.4 159- 26.6419.75 4.944.51 3.483.14 0.660.59 0.06 0.300.59 0.320.07 0.020.15 -- 19.22.0 93- 17.907.78 3.890.93 2.070.16 0.300.79 0.010.06 0.150.78 0.260.10 0.040.09 -10- 43.919.4 30743 247.0131.33 5.631.61 3.250.76 0.541.16 0.160.17 0.080.46 0.030.53 0.060.05 120- 7.56.6 37- 41.675.75 5.590.87 3.980.26 0.390.72 0.150.20 0.020.43 0.000.14 0.060.11 90- 46.663.4 122- 124.20109.27 2.671.72 1.450.73 0.540.87 0.01 0.170.17 0.210.11 0.060.07 -- 60.773.9 15515 371.65209.60 6.122.84 4.001.37 1.010.93 0.080.20 0.260.58 0.040.23 0.080.18 1959 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 564.74.2 4,235150 1,375.3243.72 10.292.44 0.607.19 1.980.58 0.190.71 0.490.36 0.380.11 0.060.08 -6- 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - 39.186.2 15087 117.4987.49 3.001.01 0.710.44 0.320.43 0.001.36 0.190.20 0.000.20 0.060.09 38-20 21.79.4 173308 22.5021.32 2.410.98 0.470.40 0.320.47 0.161.22 0.030.16 0.020.01 0.050.07 -20- 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 731.345.6 16322 3,297.4785.12 1.874.51 0.522.49 1.060.31 0.120.78 0.500.13 0.220.04 0.120.08 33-21 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 11.33.2 5591 26.228.15 2.332.57 1.051.18 0.96 0.250.11 0.080.12 0.020.04 0.080.05 10843 9.68.3 17818 13.0840.72 1.364.89 0.542.98 0.720.46 0.160.13 0.730.12 0.110.07 0.190.04 9615 13.29.7 189- 25.1941.05 1.914.21 0.741.93 1.430.36 0.230.40 0.410.25 0.120.11 0.080.06 -4- 13.010.4 20614 22.3259.42 1.715.70 0.512.44 1.840.36 0.380.22 0.560.55 0.170.03 0.310.05 3218 9.43.9 139- 13.324.53 0.483.39 0.051.54 1.070.25 0.180.04 0.470.10 0.060.02 0.080.02 -48- 7.07.7 237-3 15.5525.02 2.233.25 0.731.69 0.770.46 0.220.34 0.360.59 0.040.03 0.170.07 35-41 105.34.6 169- 342.2315.20 3.253.34 1.582.03 0.491.00 0.090.18 0.560.32 0.060.10 0.110.07 -- 10.25.5 204- 12.5254.23 2.265.32 0.432.95 1.030.61 0.120.62 0.990.42 0.070.12 0.160.06 -25- 3.35.4 18418 10.5539.07 3.217.19 1.223.77 1.100.47 0.210.55 1.240.23 0.600.68 0.280.05 1216 6.01.3 207- 20.178.60 3.356.42 0.413.15 0.440.32 0.151.68 2.400.87 0.140.01 0.130.07 -32- 27.65.3 17018 49.5929.00 1.805.51 0.302.67 1.270.53 0.030.24 1.020.18 0.380.45 0.140.10 -- 27.261.3 24533 282.2863.39 2.334.60 1.072.49 0.810.51 0.160.36 0.630.13 0.300.19 0.210.07 38- 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 335.511.1 6233 2,918.1664.02 8.705.76 6.133.94 0.931.07 0.250.08 0.431.16 0.120.17 0.080.09 28461 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 32.64.2 7849 187.6134.57 5.768.19 3.605.19 1.060.54 0.720.26 0.641.05 0.330.23 0.250.08 126- 302.858.8 6016 2,730.32290.10 9.024.94 6.412.88 1.021.12 0.200.06 0.501.17 0.240.16 0.080.09 11664 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 33.83.4 108- 196.4311.32 5.803.32 1.751.54 0.350.26 0.092.33 0.930.88 0.330.52 0.100.06 -35- 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 16.40.8 10441 75.413.06 3.684.60 1.992.44 1.220.55 0.210.18 0.410.48 0.180.41 0.140.07 40- 4.14.7 7129 31.3619.63 7.584.20 2.212.05 1.190.44 0.042.45 0.591.12 0.181.21 0.150.14 -45- 38.16.2 19327 148.2510.59 1.713.89 0.212.38 0.650.21 0.010.02 0.660.30 0.110.87 0.070.11 25- 10.60.5 29719 46.230.84 1.734.37 0.102.41 0.850.42 0.190.01 0.140.25 0.740.75 0.040.20 74- 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 - 2.0 - 7.78 3.89 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - 43.9 43 247.01 5.63 3.25 1.16 0.17 0.46 0.53 0.05 120 7.5 37 41.67 5.59 3.98 0.72 0.20 0.43 0.14 0.11 90 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59

564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6

39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 -

335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61

32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64

33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35

0.8 104 3.06 3.68 1.99 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 4.1 71 31.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 6.2 193 10.59 1.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.30 0.87 0.11 - 0.5 297 0.84 1.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.25 0.75 0.20 - Change in 2 Change in Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Biocapacity Components per capita Gross Gross Human Human Grazing Fishing Grazing Fishing Population, Ecological Ecological Footprint, National Per Capita Biocapacity, Domestic Domestic Development Development Yield 1 Cropland Forest Land Grounds Yield Forest Land Grounds 1 Country/Region Population 1961-2006 Footprint Footprint Carbon Footprint Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds Built-up land 1961-2006 Biocapacity Biocapacity Cropland Grazing land Forest land Fishing grounds 1961-2006 Product, 1961 Product, 2006 Index, 1980 Index, 2006 Country/Region [millions] [percent] [million gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent] [millions gha] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [gha per capita] [percent] [$ per capita]3 [$ per capita]3

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 11,901.5 1.81 0.56 0.26 0.74 0.18 -51 - - - - 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61 1,418.8 1.51 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.12 -68 - - - -

33.4 203 63.90 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 27.2 0.82 0.37 0.35 0.04 0.01 -59 475 6,912 - 0.75 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 55.6 3.36 0.22 2.01 0.78 0.31 -70 - 4,446 - 0.55 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 6.9 0.78 0.48 0.05 0.19 0.03 -68 172 1,417 0.35 0.49 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - 7.9 4.27 0.15 3.02 0.70 0.33 - 153 8,918 - - 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 19.2 1.34 0.69 0.22 0.34 0.00 -47 153 1,366 0.25 0.38 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 37.2 2.05 0.59 0.13 1.14 0.13 -72 353 2,776 0.46 0.52 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 35.9 8.41 0.65 0.38 7.31 0.00 -64 297 871 0.34 0.37 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 39.5 281 40.46 1.03 0.11 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 2 0.06 Change- in 88 886 - - Biocapacity Components per capita Gross Gross Human Human Grazing Fishing 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 National11.7 Per1.15 Capita 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 Biocapacity,-37 Domestic618 Domestic9,937 Development- Development0.76 Yield Forest Land Grounds 1 11.7 262 13.69 1.17 0.16 0.44 0.15 0.36 0.01 0.05 - Biocapacity33.5 Biocapacity2.86 Cropland0.51 Grazing1.29 land Forest0.99 land Fishing0.03 grounds 1961-2006- Product,537 1961 Product,2,111 2006 Index, 1980- Index, 2006- Country/Region 3 3 13.2 241 13.69 1.04 0.12 0.25 0.36 0.28 0.00 0.03 -51 [millions9.8 gha] [gha0.74 per capita] [gha 0.18per capita] [gha 0.37per capita] [gha per0.14 capita] [gha per0.01 capita] [percent]-72 [$ per480 capita] [$ per2,281 capita] - -

3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 11,901.52,867.1 1.810.7 0.330.56 0.080.26 0.150.74 0.180.10 -51-44 ------Asia

3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 1,418.82.2 1.510.7 0.300.42 0.290.45 0.070.46 0.120.02 -68- -- 8,944 - -- -- Armenia 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 8.3 1.0 0.54 0.26 0.11 0.02 - - 8,446 - - Azerbaijan 0.37 0.01 - 14.2 155 12.74 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 13.427.2 0.820.9 0.45 0.120.35 0.200.04 0.14 -59-54 475 - 2,7656,912 - 0.750.58 Cambodia 0.22 0.78 0.31 - 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 1,131.355.6 3.360.9 0.35 0.122.01 0.22 0.08 -70-17 117- 7,3034,446 0.53 0.550.76 China 0.78 0.48 0.19 0.03 1,417 0.35 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 428.86.9 0.4 0.27 0.000.05 0.02 0.04 -68-54 195172 3,712 0.43 0.490.60 India 4.27 0.15 0.70 0.33 8,918 - 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 69.37.9 1.0 0.55 0.213.02 0.07 0.07 -65- 429153 9,739 0.56 0.78- Iran 19.2 1.34 0.69 0.22 0.34 0.00 -47 153 1,366 0.25 0.38 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 7.0 0.2 0.14 0.02 0.05 0.01 -85 - 5,032 - - Iraq 37.2 2.05 0.59 0.13 1.14 0.13 -72 353 2,776 0.46 0.52 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 2.2 0.3 0.20 0.01 0.03 0.02 -55 1,613 23,753 0.83 0.93 Israel 35.9 8.41 0.65 0.38 7.31 0.00 -64 297 871 0.34 0.37 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 78.8 0.6 0.13 0.00 0.33 0.08 -41 1,203 31,236 0.89 0.96 Japan 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 1.5 0.3 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.00 - 865 5,292 - - Jordan 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 65.4 4.3 1.62 2.28 0.25 0.07 - - 15,346 - - Kazakhstan 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 13.2 0.6 0.27 0.00 0.24 0.00 -61 - - - - Korea, North 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 14.2 0.3 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 -49 325 23,324 0.72 0.93 Korea, South 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 1.4 0.5 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.33 - - 48,854 - - Kuwait 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 7.9 1.5 0.53 0.75 0.08 0.06 - - 3,738 - - Kyrgyzstan 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 8.0 1.4 0.41 0.08 0.77 0.04 -63 - 2,230 - 0.61 Laos 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 1.5 0.4 0.20 0.06 0.06 0.01 - - 8,175 - - Lebanon 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 75.2 1.6 0.52 0.01 0.61 0.35 -55 - - - 0.58 Myanmar 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 6.5 2.5 0.11 0.08 0.00 2.22 - - 25,507 - - Oman 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 60.2 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.04 -56 203 3,473 0.40 0.57 Pakistan 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 31.4 1.3 0.50 0.16 0.21 0.25 - - 22,220 - - Saudi Arabia 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 0.2 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 -59 795 43,167 0.79 0.94 Singapore 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 6.9 0.4 0.20 0.02 0.04 0.05 -43 369 5,877 0.65 0.76 Sri Lanka 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 17.0 0.9 0.55 0.22 0.04 0.00 - 152 2,637 - - Syria 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 3.3 0.5 0.23 0.18 0.01 0.02 - - 2,771 - - Tajikistan 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 67.4 1.1 0.64 0.01 0.18 0.17 - 263 9,424 - - Thailand 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 108.4 1.5 0.90 0.13 0.31 0.05 -52 497 7,578 0.63 0.80 Turkey 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 16.6 3.4 0.86 2.25 0.02 0.15 - - 10,951 - - Turkmenistan 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - 5.8 1.4 0.14 0.00 0.13 1.03 - - 53,496 - - UAE 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - 24.8 0.9 0.52 0.23 0.06 0.03 - - 2,002 - - Uzbekistan 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 47.4 0.6 0.32 0.00 0.16 0.01 -40 - 3,572 - 0.72 Viet Nam 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 308 0.98 0.32 0.03 0.02 0.05 - 14.6 0.7 0.14 0.15 0.05 0.28 - - 1,309 - - 21.7 21.32 0.40 0.16 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 Yemen 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 1.06 0.22 0.12 33 2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - - 731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 0.12 0.50 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 0.08 3.2 1.0 0.53 0.12 0.20 0.09 -34 - 4,607 - 0.81 3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 43 33.5 2.86 0.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - 1 3.0 0.60 0.17 2.02 0.00 2,030 35,659 0.87 8.3 18 40.72 4.89 2.98 0.72 0.16 0.73 0.11 0.19 96 Regional24.99.8 averages0.74 are calculated using0.18 values from all0.37 countries within each0.14 United Nations0.01 region; only selected-72-15 countries are 480shown here. Dashes2,281 indicate missing- or insufﬁ cient0.95 data.- 33 9.7 - 41.05 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 2Also33.0 includes Built-up3.4 land biocapacity1.36 equal to the Built-up0.34 land Footprint,1.58 shown on previous0.02 page. - - 21,277 - - 3In constant 2005 US1.1 $. 0.32 0.28 0.05 33,784 0.87 10.4 14 59.42 5.70 2.44 1.84 0.38 0.56 0.17 0.31 32 2,867.111.3 0.7 0.33 0.120.08 0.15 0.10 -44-25 1,968 - - - 0.95- 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 6.5 1.7 0.58 0.13 0.86 0.00 - - - - - 1.20 0.10 - 7.7 -3 25.02 3.25 1.69 0.77 0.22 0.36 0.04 0.17 35 20.42.2 2.70.7 0.30 0.190.29 0.990.07 0.02 -2- -- 8,9449,605 - 0.84- 4.6 - 15.20 3.34 2.03 0.49 0.09 0.56 0.06 0.11 - 8.28.3 1.81.0 0.220.54 0.150.26 0.980.11 0.020.34 -- -- 13,593 8,446 -- -- 10.2 - 54.23 5.32 2.95 1.03 0.12 0.99 0.07 0.16 - 26.913.4 2.60.9 1.110.45 0.140.12 1.220.20 0.140.00 -54- -- 21,184 2,765 - - 0.58- 5.4 18 39.07 7.19 3.77 1.10 0.21 1.24 0.60 0.28 12 1,131.328.2 5.20.9 2.500.35 0.040.12 0.290.22 0.082.09 -17-24 2,197 117 34,633 7,303 0.530.88 0.760.95 1.3 - 8.60 6.42 3.15 0.44 0.15 2.40 0.14 0.13 - 428.812.0 9.00.4 0.670.27 0.390.00 3.210.02 0.044.59 -54- 195 - 18,080 3,712 0.43- 0.60- 5.3 18 29.00 5.51 2.67 1.27 0.03 1.02 0.38 0.14 - 68.369.3 13.01.0 1.380.55 0.000.21 8.660.07 0.072.81 -65- 1,827 429 31,597 9,739 0.56- 0.78- 61.3 33 282.28 4.60 2.49 0.81 0.16 0.63 0.30 0.21 38 173.77.0 2.80.2 1.280.14 0.280.02 0.890.05 0.010.18 -85-9 1,935 - 30,1195,032 0.88- 0.96- 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 154.12.2 1.90.3 0.870.20 0.100.01 0.640.03 0.020.08 -550 1,613 - 23,75331,291 0.830.87 0.930.95 11.1 33 64.02 5.76 3.94 0.93 0.25 0.43 0.12 0.08 284 15.278.8 1.40.6 0.790.13 0.100.00 0.140.33 0.080.25 -411 1,2031,241 31,23627,532 0.890.84 0.960.94 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 25.91.5 2.60.3 1.720.12 0.020.11 0.570.03 0.000.01 8- 865 - 17,212 5,292 0.80- 0.88- 4.2 49 34.57 8.19 5.19 1.06 0.72 0.64 0.33 0.25 126 18.065.4 4.34.3 0.981.62 0.912.28 0.25 0.071.88 -22- 1,373 - 15,34641,085 0.84- 0.96- 58.8 16 290.10 4.94 2.88 1.02 0.20 0.50 0.24 0.08 116 60.813.2 1.00.6 0.530.27 0.080.00 0.270.24 0.000.07 -61-21 1,737 - 29,048 - 0.86- 0.95- 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 16.614.2 7.20.3 1.030.14 0.720.00 3.340.09 0.002.08 -49- 325 - 23,32413,905 0.72- 0.93- 3.4 - 11.32 3.32 1.54 0.35 0.09 0.93 0.33 0.10 - 12.51.4 3.70.5 0.700.03 0.920.01 1.640.00 0.330.29 -- -- 48,85413,625 -- -- 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 4.37.9 1.11.5 0.950.53 0.050.75 0.070.08 0.060.01 -- -- 3,7383,588 -- -- 16.4 41 75.41 4.60 2.44 1.22 0.21 0.41 0.18 0.14 40 17.28.0 1.01.4 0.270.41 0.060.08 0.080.77 0.040.50 -63-27 2,305 - 34,369 2,230 0.89- 0.610.96 4.7 29 19.63 4.20 2.05 1.19 0.04 0.59 0.18 0.15 - 28.51.5 6.10.4 0.690.20 0.030.06 3.230.06 0.012.01 -- 2,301 - 50,794 8,175 -- -- 38.1 27 148.25 3.89 2.38 0.65 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.07 25 70.175.2 1.81.6 0.820.52 0.130.01 0.710.61 0.350.12 -55-38 -- 13,919 - - - 0.580.88 10.6 19 46.23 4.37 2.41 0.85 0.19 0.14 0.74 0.04 74 12.56.5 1.22.5 0.240.11 0.260.08 0.570.00 2.220.08 6- 822 - 25,50720,273 0.77- 0.91- 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 48.960.2 2.30.4 0.840.27 0.180.00 1.000.01 0.040.10 -56-6 203332 3,4739,348 0.40- 0.570.83 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 906.231.4 6.31.3 1.550.50 0.330.16 4.180.21 0.250.21 -- -- 22,22013,073 -- -- 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 - 14.40.2 2.70.0 0.830.00 0.090.00 1.600.00 0.020.00 -59- 795 - 43,16716,214 0.79- 0.94- 2.0 - 7.78 3.89 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - 4.76.9 2.40.4 0.220.20 0.250.02 1.800.04 0.050.00 -43- 369 - 25,020 5,877 0.65- 0.76- 43.9 43 247.01 5.63 3.25 1.16 0.17 0.46 0.53 0.05 120 58.017.0 1.30.9 0.840.55 0.130.22 0.240.04 0.000.06 -27- 1,269 152 31,338 2,637 0.86- 0.95- 7.5 37 41.67 5.59 3.98 0.72 0.20 0.43 0.14 0.11 90 9.53.3 1.30.5 0.260.23 0.170.18 0.730.01 0.020.01 -28- 3,574 - 37,483 2,771 0.90- 0.96- 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - 103.567.4 2.21.1 1.470.64 0.140.01 0.400.18 0.170.15 -- 263 - 9,4249,676 -- -- 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 108.495.7 1.61.5 0.620.90 0.130.11 0.310.11 0.050.56 -521 2,192 497 32,103 7,578 0.630.86 0.800.95 16.6 3.4 0.86 2.25 0.02 0.15 - - 10,951 - - 564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 3,065.25.8 5.41.4 0.720.14 0.900.00 3.400.13 1.030.33 -60- -- 53,496 - -- -- 24.8 0.9 0.52 0.23 0.06 0.03 - - 2,002 - - 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 0.43 1.36 0.20 0.20 0.09 -20 276.047.4 7.10.6 2.320.32 1.940.00 0.780.16 0.011.91 -40-41 1,894 - 15,1193,572 0.79- 0.720.86 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 0.07 -20 180.914.6 19.30.7 0.670.14 2.750.15 15.770.05 0.280.07 -66- 515 - 1,3093,946 0.56- 0.73- 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 67.4 4.1 0.45 0.53 2.16 0.83 - 1,132 19,838 - - 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 2,212.6175.8 3.93.0 0.221.01 1.320.19 2.191.43 0.280.04 -21-63 613 - 7,745 - 0.69- 0.80- 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 12.13.2 1.11.0 0.590.53 0.090.12 0.20 0.090.14 -343 -- 10,658 4,607 - - 0.810.86 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 24.95.4 0.63.0 0.250.60 0.130.17 0.122.02 0.000.02 -15-64 2,030 451 35,659 9,192 0.870.64 0.950.77 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 30.533.0 2.33.4 0.331.36 0.400.34 1.331.58 0.020.20 -73- 577 - 21,277 6,198 0.71- 0.81- 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 14.111.3 1.11.1 0.350.32 0.220.12 0.410.28 0.05 -25-62 1,968 664 33,784 6,051 0.870.53 0.950.70 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 2.26.5 0.21.7 0.150.58 0.040.13 0.010.86 0.000.02 -69- 316 - 1,556 - 0.43- 0.53- 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 13.820.4 2.02.7 0.431.20 0.330.19 0.880.99 0.100.26 -76-2 445 - 9,6053,564 0.57- 0.840.73 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 178.78.2 1.71.8 0.650.22 0.310.15 0.500.98 0.340.17 -- 859 - 13,593 11,370 -- -- 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 18.226.9 3.32.6 0.741.11 0.660.14 1.251.22 0.000.57 -78- 579 - 21,184 2,194 0.57- 0.70- 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 11.328.2 3.45.2 0.332.50 0.560.04 1.790.29 2.090.70 -24-71 2,197 469 34,633 8,721 0.880.76 0.950.83 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 64.912.0 10.89.0 1.300.67 2.680.39 6.673.21 4.590.06 -76- 469 - 18,080 4,652 0.68- 0.76- 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 112.568.3 13.04.1 0.411.38 0.570.00 2.738.66 2.810.27 -- 1,827 716 31,597 6,625 -- -- 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 173.772.1 2.72.8 0.291.28 0.340.28 1.910.89 0.180.05 -9- 1,9351,473 30,11912,594 0.88- 0.96- 154.1 1.9 0.87 0.10 0.64 0.08 0 - 31,291 0.87 0.95 335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61 1,897.315.2 5.71.4 2.170.79 0.290.10 2.220.14 0.250.89 -411 1,241 - 27,532 - 0.84- 0.94- 25.9 2.6 1.72 0.11 0.57 0.01 8 - 17,212 0.80 0.88 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 556.418.0 17.14.3 4.300.98 0.260.91 8.390.25 1.884.05 -22- 1,3732,287 41,08536,584 0.84- 0.96- 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 1,340.960.8 4.41.0 1.940.53 0.290.08 1.550.27 0.070.56 -21-43 1,7372,934 29,04844,005 0.860.89 0.950.96 16.6 7.2 1.03 0.72 3.34 2.08 - - 13,905 - - 33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35 434.012.5 12.83.7 1.900.70 4.950.92 2.821.64 0.293.09 -56- -- 13,625 - -- -- 4.3 1.1 0.95 0.05 0.07 0.01 -- - 3,588 - - 0.8 104 3.06 3.68 1.99 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 17.22.1 2.51.0 0.480.27 0.060.11 1.320.08 0.50 -27- 2,305 496 34,369 6,326 0.89- 0.96- 4.1 71 31.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 49.928.5 12.06.1 1.040.69 3.470.03 5.033.23 2.012.36 -52- 2,3012,441 50,79425,484 0.86- 0.95- 6.2 193 10.59 1.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.30 0.87 0.11 - 23.270.1 3.71.8 0.300.82 0.050.13 2.590.71 0.120.70 -38- 177 - 13,919 2,336 - - 0.88- 0.5 297 0.84 1.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.25 0.75 0.20 - 12.51.6 3.21.2 0.500.24 0.010.26 2.420.57 0.08 6- 822 - 20,273 1,318 0.77- 0.91- 48.9 2.3 0.84 0.18 1.00 0.10 -6 332 9,348 - 0.83 1 Regional906.2 averages6.3 are calculated1.55 using values0.33 from all countries4.18 within each0.21 United Nations- region; only - selected 13,073 countries are shown- here. - Dashes14.4 indicate missing2.7 or insufficient0.83 data. 0.09 1.60 0.00 - - 16,214 - - 2 4.7 2.4 0.22 0.25 1.80 0.00 - - 25,020 - - Also58.0 includes Built-up1.3 land biocapacity0.84 equal 0.13to the Built-up 0.24land Footprint,0.06 shown on previous-27 page. 1,269 31,338 0.86 0.95 3 In constant9.5 2005 1.3US $ 0.26 0.17 0.73 0.01 -28 3,574 37,483 0.90 0.96 103.5 2.2 1.47 0.14 0.40 0.15 - - 9,676 - - 95.7 1.6 0.62 0.11 0.11 0.56 1 2,192 32,103 0.86 0.95

3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - -

276.0 7.1 2.32 1.94 0.78 1.91 -41 1,894 15,119 0.79 0.86 180.9 19.3 0.67 2.75 15.77 0.07 -66 515 3,946 0.56 0.73 67.4 4.1 0.45 0.53 2.16 0.83 - 1,132 19,838 - - 175.8 3.9 0.22 1.32 2.19 0.04 -63 613 7,745 0.69 0.80 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 12.1 1.1 0.59 0.09 0.20 0.14 3 - 10,658 - 0.86 5.4 0.6 0.25 0.13 0.12 0.02 -64 451 9,192 0.64 0.77 30.5 2.3 0.33 0.40 1.33 0.20 -73 577 6,198 0.71 0.81 14.1 1.1 0.35 0.22 0.41 0.05 -62 664 6,051 0.53 0.70 2.2 0.2 0.15 0.04 0.01 0.02 -69 316 1,556 0.43 0.53 13.8 2.0 0.43 0.33 0.88 0.26 -76 445 3,564 0.57 0.73 178.7 1.7 0.65 0.31 0.50 0.17 - 859 11,370 - - 18.2 3.3 0.74 0.66 1.25 0.57 -78 579 2,194 0.57 0.70 11.3 3.4 0.33 0.56 1.79 0.70 -71 469 8,721 0.76 0.83 64.9 10.8 1.30 2.68 6.67 0.06 -76 469 4,652 0.68 0.76 112.5 4.1 0.41 0.57 2.73 0.27 - 716 6,625 - - 72.1 2.7 0.29 0.34 1.91 0.05 - 1,473 12,594 - -

1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - -

556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96

434.0 12.8 1.90 4.95 2.82 3.09 -56 - - - - - 2.1 2.5 0.48 0.11 1.32 0.50 - 496 6,326 - - 49.9 12.0 1.04 3.47 5.03 2.36 -52 2,441 25,484 0.86 0.95 23.2 3.7 0.30 0.05 2.59 0.70 - 177 2,336 - - 1.6 3.2 0.50 0.01 2.42 0.08 - - 1,318 - -

1 Regional averages are calculated using values from all countries within each United Nations region; only selected countries are shown here. Dashes indicate missing or insufficient data. 2 Also includes Built-up land biocapacity equal to the Built-up land Footprint, shown on previous page. 3 In constant 2005 US $

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61

3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46

3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 14.2 155 12.74 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - Change in 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - Change in National Per capita Ecological Footprint Components per capita Grazing Fishing 27.0 Population,- Ecological46.70 Ecological1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 Footprint,- Yield 1 Cropland Forest Land Grounds Country/Region Population86.2 1961-2006150 Footprint87.49 Footprint1.01 Carbon0.44 Footprint Cropland0.32 Grazing0.00 land Forest0.19 land Fishing0.00 grounds Built-up0.06 land 1961-200638 [millions]21.7 [percent]308 [million21.32 gha] [gha per0.98 capita] [gha 0.40per capita] [gha per0.32 capita] [gha per0.16 capita] [gha 0.03per capita] [gha per0.02 capita] [gha per0.05 capita] [percent]-

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 Europe 731.3 1.0 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33

0.35 0.48 0.20 0.04 0.05 -61 Albania 942.53.2 22591 1,338.228.15 2.571.42 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.290.08 0.02 0.08 43 Austria 8.3 18 40.72 4.89 2.98 0.72 0.16 0.73 0.11 0.19 96 203 1.92 0.81 0.76 0.14 0.13 0.03 0.04 92 Belarus 33.49.7 - 41.0563.90 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 16.6 224 15.66 0.95 0.14 0.34 0.19 0.13 0.09 0.04 -26 Belgium 10.4 14 59.42 5.70 2.44 1.84 0.38 0.56 0.17 0.31 32 8.8 272 8.85 1.01 0.10 0.50 0.05 0.30 0.03 0.03 -22 Bosnia/Herzegovina 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 1.9 242 7.20 3.88 1.60 0.23 1.78 0.19 0.01 0.06 - Bulgaria 7.7 -3 25.02 3.25 1.69 0.77 0.22 0.36 0.04 0.17 35 14.4 210 19.55 1.36 0.02 0.67 0.22 0.37 0.01 0.08 -18 Croatia 4.6 - 15.20 3.34 2.03 0.49 0.09 0.56 0.06 0.11 - 18.2 229 20.10 1.11 0.09 0.54 0.13 0.24 0.04 0.05 -53 Czech Republic 10.2 - 54.23 5.32 2.95 1.03 0.12 0.99 0.07 0.16 - 4.3 174 6.13 1.44 0.02 0.68 0.38 0.29 0.00 0.07 -26 Denmark 5.4 18 39.07 7.19 3.77 1.10 0.21 1.24 0.60 0.28 12 10.5 245 18.38 1.76 0.01 0.61 0.77 0.29 0.00 0.07 -51 Estonia 1.3 - 8.60 6.42 3.15 0.44 0.15 2.40 0.14 0.13 - 3.7 259 3.55 0.96 0.09 0.30 0.03 0.41 0.08 0.05 -33 Finland 5.3 18 29.00 5.51 2.67 1.27 0.03 1.02 0.38 0.14 - 60.6 282 44.67 0.74 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.49 0.01 0.05 - France 61.3 33 282.28 4.60 2.49 0.81 0.16 0.63 0.30 0.21 38 18.9 518 17.89 0.95 0.13 0.36 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.06 -42 Germany 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 0.8 810 0.76 0.93 0.17 0.37 0.28 0.05 0.04 0.03 -56 Greece 11.1 33 64.02 5.76 3.94 0.93 0.25 0.43 0.12 0.08 284 74.2 160 103.82 1.40 0.69 0.41 0.02 0.13 0.06 0.08 77 Hungary 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 4.7 - 3.61 0.77 0.03 0.19 0.27 0.20 0.04 0.04 - Ireland 4.2 49 34.57 8.19 5.19 1.06 0.72 0.64 0.33 0.25 126 1.7 348 1.80 1.08 0.12 0.50 0.14 0.19 0.08 0.04 -15 Italy 58.8 16 290.10 4.94 2.88 1.02 0.20 0.50 0.24 0.08 116 23.0 213 36.87 1.60 0.35 0.42 0.05 0.57 0.16 0.05 - Latvia 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 9.2 189 13.46 1.47 0.04 0.46 0.35 0.52 0.03 0.06 -33 Lithuania 3.4 - 11.32 3.32 1.54 0.35 0.09 0.93 0.33 0.10 - 1.6 196 1.64 1.00 0.05 0.39 0.34 0.16 0.00 0.06 -19 Moldova 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 3.6 231 4.12 1.15 0.06 0.30 0.02 0.70 0.03 0.04 -26 Netherlands 16.4 41 75.41 4.60 2.44 1.22 0.21 0.41 0.18 0.14 40 6.0 331 19.21 3.18 1.95 0.81 0.18 0.10 0.10 0.04 - Norway 4.7 29 19.63 4.20 2.05 1.19 0.04 0.59 0.18 0.15 - 19.2 248 22.43 1.17 0.08 0.30 0.43 0.26 0.04 0.06 -51 Poland 38.1 27 148.25 3.89 2.38 0.65 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.07 25 12.0 193 22.17 1.85 0.12 0.62 0.83 0.18 0.01 0.08 -22 Portugal 10.6 19 46.23 4.37 2.41 0.85 0.19 0.14 0.74 0.04 74 3.0 233 9.43 3.10 0.44 0.38 2.02 0.21 0.00 0.05 -39 Romania 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 30.9 158 41.26 1.34 0.32 0.70 0.15 0.06 0.06 0.05 -11 Russia 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 2.0 233 6.14 3.00 0.80 0.71 1.39 0.00 0.04 0.05 - Slovakia 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 - 13.7 336 23.13 1.68 0.05 1.13 0.19 0.27 0.00 0.04 -77 2.0 - 7.78 3.89 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - Slovenia 144.7 234 232.59 1.61 0.61 0.63 0.06 0.21 0.04 0.05 - 43.9 43 247.01 5.63 3.25 1.16 0.17 0.46 0.53 0.05 120 Spain 12.1 258 15.07 1.25 0.18 0.47 0.24 0.22 0.09 0.04 -46 7.5 37 41.67 5.59 3.98 0.72 0.20 0.43 0.14 0.11 90 Switzerland 5.7 150 4.41 0.77 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.37 0.08 0.03 -42 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - Ukraine 8.4 193 12.82 1.52 0.01 0.20 0.76 0.49 0.00 0.05 -49 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 4.00 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 United Kingdom 48.3 171 132.17 2.74 1.29 0.78 0.21 0.30 0.10 0.06 -8 37.7 222 84.11 2.23 0.27 0.70 0.99 0.22 0.00 0.05 -35 150 2.44 0.58 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 564.739.5 281 1,375.3240.46 1.03 0.600.11 0.31 0.310.71 0.25 0.00 0.05 - 10.2 138 19.23 1.88 0.58 0.82 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.04 26 0.43 0.20 0.09 -20 39.111.7 26287 117.4913.69 3.001.17 0.710.16 0.44 0.151.36 0.360.20 0.01 0.05 - 0.47 0.01 0.07 34 The Ecological Wealth of Nations13.29.4 173241 22.5013.69 2.411.04 0.470.12 0.25 0.361.22 0.280.16 0.00 0.03 -51-20 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 3,983.945.6 163129 6,031.7185.12 1.871.51 0.520.80 0.380.31 0.060.78 0.140.13 0.080.04 0.060.08 46-21 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 11.33.0 55- 26.224.94 2.331.64 1.050.72 0.580.96 0.220.11 0.060.12 0.000.04 0.060.05 108- 9.68.4 178- 13.0819.25 1.362.29 0.541.26 0.620.46 0.260.13 0.070.12 0.010.07 0.070.04 15- 13.214.2 189155 25.1912.74 1.910.90 0.740.08 0.460.36 0.070.40 0.250.25 0.000.11 0.040.06 -54-4 1328.513.0 20698 2,456.1822.32 1.711.85 0.511.08 0.36 0.130.22 0.150.55 0.060.03 0.070.05 16518 1151.89.4 139153 886.014.53 0.480.77 0.050.31 0.280.25 0.010.04 0.120.10 0.010.02 0.040.02 -12-48 70.37.0 237215 186.6015.55 2.232.66 0.731.57 0.660.46 0.170.34 0.050.59 0.130.03 0.090.07 21-41 105.328.5 169277 342.2337.96 3.251.33 1.580.84 0.421.00 0.030.18 0.010.32 0.010.10 0.020.07 -21- 5.56.8 204210 12.5236.63 2.265.38 0.433.69 1.030.61 0.090.62 0.360.42 0.150.12 0.070.06 53-25 128.03.3 18435 526.1310.55 3.214.11 1.222.68 0.580.47 0.030.55 0.280.23 0.470.68 0.070.05 9016 6.05.7 207515 20.1711.66 3.352.04 0.410.94 0.690.32 0.081.68 0.170.87 0.070.01 0.080.07 -32- 27.615.3 170- 49.5967.63 1.804.42 0.302.91 1.180.53 0.150.24 0.130.18 0.010.45 0.060.10 -- 27.223.7 245111 63.3933.23 2.331.40 1.070.88 0.310.51 0.000.36 0.140.13 0.010.19 0.050.07 25- 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 335.52.8 80562 2,918.1621.96 8.707.90 6.136.65 0.711.07 0.100.08 0.191.16 0.120.17 0.140.09 61- 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 32.65.8 18378 187.616.01 5.761.04 3.600.07 0.410.54 0.080.26 0.391.05 0.010.23 0.100.08 -42- 302.84.1 10860 2,730.328.64 9.022.13 6.410.91 0.661.12 0.150.06 0.271.17 0.090.16 0.050.09 64- 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 33.82.5 108340 196.439.02 5.803.54 1.752.09 0.590.26 0.182.33 0.150.88 0.400.52 0.120.06 -35- 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 24.20.8 104476 84.143.06 3.683.48 1.991.62 1.290.55 0.110.18 0.140.48 0.140.41 0.180.07 -- 4.14.4 15971 31.3619.75 7.584.51 2.213.14 0.660.44 0.062.45 0.301.12 0.321.21 0.020.14 -45- 19.26.2 19393 10.5917.90 1.710.93 0.210.16 0.300.21 0.010.02 0.150.30 0.260.87 0.040.11 -10- 19.40.5 297307 31.330.84 1.731.61 0.100.76 0.540.42 0.160.01 0.080.25 0.030.75 0.060.20 -- 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 -

731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33

564.7 150 1,375.32 2.44 0.60 0.58 0.71 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6

335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61

32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64

33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35

World Average 6,592.9 114 1.017,090.66 1.0 2.59 1.0 1.37 0.57 0.22 0.28 0.10 0.06 13 11,901.5 1.81 0.56 0.26 0.74 0.18 -51 - - - - 1.0

942.5 225 1,338.22 1.42 0.35 0.48 0.20 0.29 0.04 0.05 -61 1,418.8 1.51 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.12 -68 - - - -

3,983.9 129 6,031.71 1.51 0.80 0.38 0.06 0.14 0.08 0.06 46 2,867.1 0.7 0.33 0.08 0.15 0.10 -44 - - - -

3.0 - 4.94 1.64 0.72 0.58 0.22 0.06 0.00 0.06 - 2.2 0.7 0.30 0.29 0.07 0.02 - - 8,944 - - 8.4 - 19.25 2.29 1.26 0.62 0.26 0.07 0.01 0.07 - 8.3 1.0 0.54 0.26 0.11 0.02 - - 8,446 - - 14.2 155 12.74 0.90 0.08 0.46 0.07 0.25 0.00 0.04 -54 13.4 0.9 0.45 0.12 0.20 0.14 -54 - 2,765 - 0.58 1328.5 98 2,456.18 1.85 1.08 0.36 0.13 0.15 0.06 0.07 165 1,131.3 0.9 0.35 0.12 0.22 0.08 -17 117 7,303 0.53 0.76 1151.8 153 886.01 0.77 0.31 0.28 0.01 0.12 0.01 0.04 -12 428.8 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.02 0.04 -54 195 3,712 0.43 0.60 70.3 215 186.60 2.66 1.57 0.66 0.17 0.05 0.13 0.09 21 69.3 1.0 0.55 0.21 0.07 0.07 -65 429 9,739 0.56 0.78 28.5 277 37.96 1.33 0.84 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 -21 7.0 0.2 0.14 0.02 0.05 0.01 -85 - 5,032 - - 6.8 210 36.63 5.38 3.69 1.03 0.09 0.36 0.15 0.07 53 2.2 0.3 0.20 0.01 0.03 0.02 -55 1,613 23,753 0.83 0.93 128.0 35 526.13 4.11 2.68 0.58 0.03 0.28 0.47 0.07 90 78.8 0.6 0.13 0.00 0.33 0.08 -41 1,203 31,236 0.89 0.96 5.7 515 11.66 2.04 0.94 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.07 0.08 - 1.5 0.3 0.12 0.02 0.03 0.00 - 865 5,292 - - 15.3 - 67.63 4.42 2.91 1.18 0.15 0.13 0.01 0.06 - 65.4 4.3 1.62 2.28 0.25 0.07 - - 15,346 - - 23.7 111 33.23 1.40 0.88 0.31 0.00 0.14 0.01 0.05 25 13.2 0.6 0.27 0.00 0.24 0.00 -61 - - - - 48.0 87 179.46 3.73 2.09 0.69 0.04 0.24 0.61 0.06 267 14.2 0.3 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 -49 325 23,324 0.72 0.93 2.8 805 21.96 7.90 6.65 0.71 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.14 - 1.4 0.5 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.33 - - 48,854 - - 5.3 - 6.72 1.28 0.50 0.55 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.09 - 7.9 1.5 0.53 0.75 0.08 0.06 - - 3,738 - - 5.8 183 6.01 1.04 0.07 0.41 0.08 0.39 0.01 0.10 -42 8.0 1.4 0.41 0.08 0.77 0.04 -63 - 2,230 - 0.61 4.1 108 8.64 2.13 0.91 0.66 0.15 0.27 0.09 0.05 - 1.5 0.4 0.20 0.06 0.06 0.01 - - 8,175 - - 48.4 125 46.79 0.97 0.06 0.50 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.07 13 75.2 1.6 0.52 0.01 0.61 0.35 -55 - - - 0.58 2.5 340 9.02 3.54 2.09 0.59 0.18 0.15 0.40 0.12 - 6.5 2.5 0.11 0.08 0.00 2.22 - - 25,507 - - 160.9 240 120.12 0.75 0.30 0.29 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.04 -16 60.2 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.04 -56 203 3,473 0.40 0.57 24.2 476 84.14 3.48 1.62 1.29 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.18 - 31.4 1.3 0.50 0.16 0.21 0.25 - - 22,220 - - 4.4 159 19.75 4.51 3.14 0.66 0.06 0.30 0.32 0.02 - 0.2 0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 -59 795 43,167 0.79 0.94 19.2 93 17.90 0.93 0.16 0.30 0.01 0.15 0.26 0.04 -10 6.9 0.4 0.20 0.02 0.04 0.05 -43 369 5,877 0.65 0.76 19.4 307 31.33 1.61 0.76 0.54 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.06 - 17.0 0.9 0.55 0.22 0.04 0.00 - 152 2,637 - - 6.6 - 5.75 0.87 0.26 0.39 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.06 - 3.3 0.5 0.23 0.18 0.01 0.02 - - 2,771 - - 63.4 122 109.27 1.72 0.73 0.54 0.01 0.17 0.21 0.06 - 67.4 1.1 0.64 0.01 0.18 0.17 - 263 9,424 - - 73.9 155 209.60 2.84 1.37 1.01 0.08 0.26 0.04 0.08 19 108.4 1.5 0.90 0.13 0.31 0.05 -52 497 7,578 0.63 0.80 4.9 - 18.75 3.83 2.46 0.74 0.49 0.00 0.01 0.12 - 16.6 3.4 0.86 2.25 0.02 0.15 - - 10,951 - - 4.2 4,235 43.72 10.29 7.19 1.98 0.19 0.49 0.38 0.06 - 5.8 1.4 0.14 0.00 0.13 2 1.03 Change- in - 53,496 - - Biocapacity Components per capita Gross Gross Human Human Grazing Fishing 27.0 - 46.70 1.73 1.16 0.39 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.07 - National24.8 Per0.9 Capita 0.52 0.23 0.06 0.03 Biocapacity,- Domestic - Domestic 2,002 Development- Development- Yield Forest Land Grounds 1 86.2 150 87.49 1.01 0.44 0.32 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.06 38 Biocapacity47.4 Biocapacity0.6 Cropland0.32 Grazing0.00 land Forest0.16 land Fishing0.01 grounds 1961-2006-40 Product, -1961 Product, 3,572 2006 Index, 1980- Index,0.72 2006 Country/Region 3 3 21.7 308 21.32 0.98 0.40 0.32 0.16 0.03 0.02 0.05 - [millions14.6 gha] [gha per0.7 capita] [gha 0.14per capita] [gha 0.15per capita] [gha per0.05 capita] [gha per0.28 capita] [percent]- [$ per capita] - [$ per 1,309 capita] - -

731.3 22 3,297.47 4.51 2.49 1.06 0.12 0.50 0.22 0.12 33 11,901.52,212.6 1.813.0 1.010.56 0.190.26 1.430.74 0.180.28 -51-21 ------Europe

3.2 91 8.15 2.57 1.18 0.96 0.25 0.08 0.02 0.08 43 1,418.83.2 1.511.0 0.530.42 0.120.45 0.200.46 0.120.09 -68-34 -- 4,607 - - 0.81- Albania 8.3 18 40.72 4.89 2.98 0.72 0.16 0.73 0.11 0.19 96 24.9 3.0 0.60 0.17 2.02 0.00 -15 2,030 35,659 0.87 0.95 Austria 0.37 0.01 - 9.7 - 41.05 4.21 1.93 1.43 0.23 0.41 0.12 0.08 - 33.027.2 0.823.4 1.36 0.340.35 1.580.04 0.02 -59- 475 - 21,277 6,912 - 0.75- Belarus 0.22 0.78 0.31 - 10.4 14 59.42 5.70 2.44 1.84 0.38 0.56 0.17 0.31 32 11.355.6 3.361.1 0.32 0.122.01 0.28 0.05 -70-25 1,968- 33,7844,446 0.87 0.550.95 Belgium 0.78 0.48 0.19 0.03 1,417 0.35 3.9 - 13.32 3.39 1.54 1.07 0.18 0.47 0.06 0.08 - 6.56.9 1.7 0.58 0.130.05 0.86 0.00 -68- 172 - - - 0.49- Bosnia/Herzegovina 4.27 0.15 0.70 0.33 8,918 - 7.7 -3 25.02 3.25 1.69 0.77 0.22 0.36 0.04 0.17 35 20.47.9 2.7 1.20 0.193.02 0.99 0.10 -2- 153 - 9,605 - 0.84- Bulgaria 19.2 1.34 0.69 0.22 0.34 0.00 -47 153 1,366 0.25 0.38 4.6 - 15.20 3.34 2.03 0.49 0.09 0.56 0.06 0.11 - 8.2 1.8 0.22 0.15 0.98 0.34 - - 13,593 - - Croatia 37.2 2.05 0.59 0.13 1.14 0.13 -72 353 2,776 0.46 0.52 10.2 - 54.23 5.32 2.95 1.03 0.12 0.99 0.07 0.16 - 26.9 2.6 1.11 0.14 1.22 0.00 - - 21,184 - - Czech Republic 35.9 8.41 0.65 0.38 7.31 0.00 -64 297 871 0.34 0.37 5.4 18 39.07 7.19 3.77 1.10 0.21 1.24 0.60 0.28 12 28.2 5.2 2.50 0.04 0.29 2.09 -24 2,197 34,633 0.88 0.95 Denmark 35.3 3.38 0.60 1.54 1.07 0.10 -71 275 2,766 - 0.39 1.3 - 8.60 6.42 3.15 0.44 0.15 2.40 0.14 0.13 - 12.0 9.0 0.67 0.39 3.21 4.59 - - 18,080 - - Estonia 48.7 13.20 0.23 4.05 8.35 0.51 -73 220 5,202 - 0.60 5.3 18 29.00 5.51 2.67 1.27 0.03 1.02 0.38 0.14 - 68.3 13.0 1.38 0.00 8.66 2.81 - 1,827 31,597 - - Finland 161.5 2.66 0.14 0.13 2.29 0.05 - 245 390 - - 61.3 33 282.28 4.60 2.49 0.81 0.16 0.63 0.30 0.21 38 173.7 2.8 1.28 0.28 0.89 0.18 -9 1,935 30,119 0.88 0.96 France 31.3 1.65 0.74 0.36 0.48 0.01 -72 316 2,295 - 0.48 82.6 13 333.40 4.03 2.21 0.93 0.07 0.51 0.14 0.18 37 154.1 1.9 0.87 0.10 0.64 0.08 0 - 31,291 0.87 0.95 Germany 0.7 0.84 0.00 0.28 0.00 0.54 -88 - 4,599 - 0.52 11.1 33 64.02 5.76 3.94 0.93 0.25 0.43 0.12 0.08 284 15.2 1.4 0.79 0.10 0.14 0.25 1 1,241 27,532 0.84 0.94 Greece 23.8 0.32 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.02 -41 304 5,587 0.50 0.70 10.1 0 32.45 3.23 1.39 1.16 0.06 0.41 0.03 0.17 10 25.9 2.6 1.72 0.11 0.57 0.01 8 - 17,212 0.80 0.88 Hungary 8.1 1.74 0.13 0.27 0.11 1.18 - - 615 - - 4.2 49 34.57 8.19 5.19 1.06 0.72 0.64 0.33 0.25 126 18.0 4.3 0.98 0.91 0.25 1.88 -22 1,373 41,085 0.84 0.96 Ireland 2.0 1.19 0.38 0.14 0.21 0.42 -73 222 1,415 - 0.45 58.8 16 290.10 4.94 2.88 1.02 0.20 0.50 0.24 0.08 116 60.8 1.0 0.53 0.08 0.27 0.07 -21 1,737 29,048 0.86 0.95 Italy 25.8 1.12 0.51 0.32 0.18 0.06 - 413 1,656 - - 2.3 - 10.53 4.60 0.86 0.97 0.15 2.39 0.16 0.07 - 16.6 7.2 1.03 0.72 3.34 2.08 - - 13,905 - - Latvia 27.0 2.94 0.42 1.06 0.80 0.60 -64 666 3,722 - 0.43 3.4 - 11.32 3.32 1.54 0.35 0.09 0.93 0.33 0.10 - 12.5 3.7 0.70 0.92 1.64 0.29 - - 13,625 - - Lithuania 5.5 3.35 0.49 0.41 0.34 2.05 -64 125 641 0.26 0.39 3.8 - 6.70 1.75 0.84 0.72 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.05 - 4.3 1.1 0.95 0.05 0.07 0.01 - - 3,588 - - Moldova 9.3 2.59 0.19 0.81 1.19 0.37 -74 - 381 0.37 0.43 16.4 41 75.41 4.60 2.44 1.22 0.21 0.41 0.18 0.14 40 17.2 1.0 0.27 0.06 0.08 0.50 -27 2,305 34,369 0.89 0.96 Netherlands 9.5 1.57 0.37 1.14 0.02 0.00 - - 21,907 - - 4.7 29 19.63 4.20 2.05 1.19 0.04 0.59 0.18 0.15 - 28.5 6.1 0.69 0.03 3.23 2.01 - 2,301 50,794 - - Norway 60.8 3.17 0.28 1.70 0.92 0.21 -69 251 880 - 0.54 38.1 27 148.25 3.89 2.38 0.65 0.01 0.66 0.11 0.07 25 70.1 1.8 0.82 0.13 0.71 0.12 -38 - 13,919 - 0.88 Poland 30.3 2.53 0.64 0.98 0.76 0.07 -59 141 1,383 0.25 0.37 10.6 19 46.23 4.37 2.41 0.85 0.19 0.14 0.74 0.04 74 12.5 1.2 0.24 0.26 0.57 0.08 6 822 20,273 0.77 0.91 Portugal 19.1 6.29 0.16 4.09 0.06 1.93 -69 150 2,374 - 0.52 21.5 16 57.50 2.67 1.21 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.05 0.14 46 48.9 2.3 0.84 0.18 1.00 0.10 -6 332 9,348 - 0.83 Romania 27.7 0.90 0.46 0.20 0.08 0.11 -37 421 5,594 0.47 0.65 143.2 - 635.97 4.44 2.23 1.51 0.05 0.43 0.15 0.06 - 906.2 6.3 1.55 0.33 4.18 0.21 - - 13,073 - - Russia 17.8 8.71 0.40 1.99 0.41 5.87 - 805 6,642 - - 5.4 - 26.64 4.94 3.48 0.59 0.06 0.59 0.07 0.15 - 14.4 2.7 0.83 0.09 1.60 0.00 - - 16,214 - - Slovakia 26.4 1.92 1.09 0.72 0.07 0.00 -78 257 881 - 0.34 2.0 - 7.78 3.89 2.07 0.79 0.06 0.78 0.10 0.09 - 4.7 2.4 0.22 0.25 1.80 0.00 - - 25,020 - - Slovenia 129.9 0.90 0.60 0.20 0.02 0.02 - 293 2,205 - - 43.9 43 247.01 5.63 3.25 1.16 0.17 0.46 0.53 0.05 120 58.0 1.3 0.84 0.13 0.24 0.06 -27 1,269 31,338 0.86 0.95 Spain 16.5 1.37 0.37 0.22 0.52 0.21 -76 530 1,942 - 0.46 7.5 37 41.67 5.59 3.98 0.72 0.20 0.43 0.14 0.11 90 9.5 1.3 0.26 0.17 0.73 0.01 -28 3,574 37,483 0.90 0.96 Switzerland 5.7 0.99 0.15 0.41 0.18 0.21 -59 389 1,817 - 0.36 46.6 - 124.20 2.67 1.45 0.87 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.07 - 103.5 2.2 1.47 0.14 0.40 0.15 - - 9,676 - - Ukraine 13.5 1.60 0.11 0.77 0.28 0.39 -66 - 478 - - 60.7 15 371.65 6.12 0.93 0.20 0.58 0.23 0.18 59 95.7 1.6 0.62 0.11 0.11 0.56 1 2,192 32,103 0.86 0.95 United Kingdom 4.00 82.9 1.72 0.68 0.70 0.02 0.25 -58 1,047 10,375 0.66 0.68 106.3 2.82 0.63 0.99 0.97 0.17 -71 - 2,152 - 0.53 2.44 0.58 0.36 0.11 0.08 -6 3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - - 564.7 150 1,375.32 0.60 0.71 34.4 0.87 0.31 0.31 0.15 0.06 - 88 886 - - 11.7 1.15 0.67 0.10 0.06 0.28 -37 618 9,937 - 0.76 0.43 0.20 0.09 276.0 7.1 1.94 0.78 1.91 -41 1,894 15,119 0.79 0.86 39.1 87 117.49 3.00 0.71 1.36 0.20 -20 33.5 2.86 2.320.51 1.29 0.99 0.03 - 537 2,111 - - 0.07 1180.9 19.3 2.75 15.77 0.07 -66 515 3,946 0.56 0.73 9.4 173 22.50 2.41 0.47 0.47 1.22 0.16 0.01 -20 Regional9.8 averages0.74 are calculated using0.670.18 values from all0.37 countries within each0.14 United Nations0.01 region; only selected-72 countries are 480shown here. Dashes2,281 indicate missing- or insufﬁ cient data.- 35 16.5 110 50.99 3.10 0.49 0.67 0.32 0.95 0.55 0.12 - 2Also67.4 includes Built-up4.1 land biocapacity0.45 equal to the Built-up0.53 land Footprint,2.16 shown on previous0.83 page. - 1,132 19,838 - - 3In constant 2005 US3.9 $. 2.19 0.04 7,745 0.69 45.6 163 85.12 1.87 0.52 0.31 0.78 0.13 0.04 0.08 -21 2,867.1175.8 0.7 0.220.33 1.320.08 0.15 0.10 -44-63 613 - - - 0.80- 4.4 219 11.87 2.70 1.13 0.44 0.26 0.73 0.05 0.09 -1 8.0 1.8 0.35 0.65 0.60 0.11 -72 969 11,605 0.76 0.85 0.14 - 11.3 55 26.22 2.33 1.05 0.96 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.05 108 12.12.2 1.10.7 0.590.30 0.090.29 0.200.07 0.02 3- -- 10,658 8,944 - 0.86- 0.02 9.6 178 13.08 1.36 0.54 0.46 0.13 0.12 0.07 0.04 15 5.48.3 0.61.0 0.250.54 0.130.26 0.120.11 0.02 -64- 451 - 8,4469,192 0.64- 0.77- 13.2 189 25.19 1.91 0.74 0.36 0.40 0.25 0.11 0.06 -4 30.513.4 2.30.9 0.330.45 0.400.12 1.330.20 0.140.20 -54-73 577 - 2,7656,198 0.71- 0.580.81 13.0 206 22.32 1.71 0.51 0.36 0.22 0.55 0.03 0.05 18 1,131.314.1 1.10.9 0.350.35 0.220.12 0.410.22 0.080.05 -17-62 117664 7,3036,051 0.530.53 0.760.70 9.4 139 4.53 0.48 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.02 -48 428.82.2 0.20.4 0.150.27 0.040.00 0.010.02 0.040.02 -54-69 195316 3,7121,556 0.430.43 0.600.53 7.0 237 15.55 2.23 0.73 0.46 0.34 0.59 0.03 0.07 -41 13.869.3 2.01.0 0.430.55 0.330.21 0.880.07 0.070.26 -65-76 429445 9,7393,564 0.560.57 0.780.73 105.3 169 342.23 3.25 1.58 1.00 0.18 0.32 0.10 0.07 - 178.77.0 1.70.2 0.650.14 0.310.02 0.500.05 0.010.17 -85- 859 - 11,3705,032 -- -- 5.5 204 12.52 2.26 0.43 0.61 0.62 0.42 0.12 0.06 -25 18.22.2 3.30.3 0.740.20 0.660.01 1.250.03 0.020.57 -55-78 1,613 579 23,753 2,194 0.830.57 0.930.70 3.3 184 10.55 3.21 1.22 0.47 0.55 0.23 0.68 0.05 16 11.378.8 3.40.6 0.330.13 0.560.00 1.790.33 0.080.70 -41-71 1,203 469 31,236 8,721 0.890.76 0.960.83 6.0 207 20.17 3.35 0.41 0.32 1.68 0.87 0.01 0.07 -32 64.91.5 10.80.3 1.300.12 2.680.02 6.670.03 0.000.06 -76- 865469 5,2924,652 0.68- 0.76- 27.6 170 49.59 1.80 0.30 0.53 0.24 0.18 0.45 0.10 - 112.565.4 4.14.3 0.411.62 0.572.28 2.730.25 0.070.27 -- 716 - 15,346 6,625 -- -- 27.2 245 63.39 2.33 1.07 0.51 0.36 0.13 0.19 0.07 - 72.113.2 2.70.6 0.290.27 0.340.00 1.910.24 0.000.05 -61- 1,473 - 12,594 - -- -- 14.2 0.3 0.14 0.00 0.09 0.00 -49 325 23,324 0.72 0.93 335.5 62 2,918.16 8.70 6.13 1.07 0.08 1.16 0.17 0.09 61 1,897.31.4 5.70.5 2.170.03 0.290.01 2.220.00 0.330.89 -41- -- 48,854 - -- -- 7.9 1.5 0.53 0.75 0.08 0.06 - - 3,738 - - 32.6 78 187.61 5.76 3.60 0.54 0.26 1.05 0.23 0.08 - 556.48.0 17.11.4 4.300.41 0.260.08 8.390.77 0.044.05 -63- 2,287 - 36,584 2,230 - - 0.61- 302.8 60 2,730.32 9.02 6.41 1.12 0.06 1.17 0.16 0.09 64 1,340.91.5 4.40.4 1.940.20 0.290.06 1.550.06 0.010.56 -43- 2,934 - 44,005 8,175 0.89- 0.96- 75.2 1.6 0.52 0.01 0.61 0.35 -55 - - - 0.58 33.8 108 196.43 5.80 1.75 0.26 2.33 0.88 0.52 0.06 -35 434.06.5 12.82.5 1.900.11 4.950.08 2.820.00 2.223.09 -56- -- 25,507 - -- -- 60.2 0.4 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.04 -56- 203 3,473 0.40 0.57 0.8 104 3.06 3.68 1.99 0.55 0.18 0.48 0.41 0.07 - 31.42.1 2.51.3 0.480.50 0.160.11 1.320.21 0.250.50 -- 496 - 22,220 6,326 -- -- 4.1 71 31.36 7.58 2.21 0.44 2.45 1.12 1.21 0.14 -45 49.90.2 12.00.0 1.040.00 3.470.00 5.030.00 0.022.36 -59-52 2,441 795 43,16725,484 0.790.86 0.940.95 6.2 193 10.59 1.71 0.21 0.21 0.02 0.30 0.87 0.11 - 23.26.9 3.70.4 0.300.20 0.050.02 2.590.04 0.050.70 -43- 369177 5,8772,336 0.65- 0.76- 0.5 297 0.84 1.73 0.10 0.42 0.01 0.25 0.75 0.20 - 17.01.6 3.20.9 0.500.55 0.010.22 2.420.04 0.000.08 -- 152 - 2,6371,318 -- -- 3.3 0.5 0.23 0.18 0.01 0.02 - - 2,771 - - 1 Regional67.4 averages1.1 are calculated0.64 using values0.01 from all countries0.18 within each0.17 United Nations- region; only 263 selected 9,424countries are shown- here. - Dashes108.4 indicate missing1.5 or insufficient0.90 data. 0.13 0.31 0.05 -52 497 7,578 0.63 0.80 2 Also16.6 includes Built-up3.4 land biocapacity0.86 equal 2.25to the Built-up 0.02land Footprint,0.15 shown on previous- page. - 10,951 - - 3 5.8 1.4 0.14 0.00 0.13 1.03 - - 53,496 - - In constant24.8 2005 0.9US $ 0.52 0.23 0.06 0.03 - - 2,002 - - 47.4 0.6 0.32 0.00 0.16 0.01 -40 - 3,572 - 0.72 14.6 0.7 0.14 0.15 0.05 0.28 - - 1,309 - -

2,212.6 3.0 1.01 0.19 1.43 0.28 -21 - - - -

3.2 1.0 0.53 0.12 0.20 0.09 -34 - 4,607 - 0.81 24.9 3.0 0.60 0.17 2.02 0.00 -15 2,030 35,659 0.87 0.95 33.0 3.4 1.36 0.34 1.58 0.02 - - 21,277 - - 11.3 1.1 0.32 0.12 0.28 0.05 -25 1,968 33,784 0.87 0.95 6.5 1.7 0.58 0.13 0.86 0.00 - - - - - 20.4 2.7 1.20 0.19 0.99 0.10 -2 - 9,605 - 0.84 8.2 1.8 0.22 0.15 0.98 0.34 - - 13,593 - - 26.9 2.6 1.11 0.14 1.22 0.00 - - 21,184 - - 28.2 5.2 2.50 0.04 0.29 2.09 -24 2,197 34,633 0.88 0.95 12.0 9.0 0.67 0.39 3.21 4.59 - - 18,080 - - 68.3 13.0 1.38 0.00 8.66 2.81 - 1,827 31,597 - - 173.7 2.8 1.28 0.28 0.89 0.18 -9 1,935 30,119 0.88 0.96 154.1 1.9 0.87 0.10 0.64 0.08 0 - 31,291 0.87 0.95 15.2 1.4 0.79 0.10 0.14 0.25 1 1,241 27,532 0.84 0.94 25.9 2.6 1.72 0.11 0.57 0.01 8 - 17,212 0.80 0.88 18.0 4.3 0.98 0.91 0.25 1.88 -22 1,373 41,085 0.84 0.96 60.8 1.0 0.53 0.08 0.27 0.07 -21 1,737 29,048 0.86 0.95 16.6 7.2 1.03 0.72 3.34 2.08 - - 13,905 - - 12.5 3.7 0.70 0.92 1.64 0.29 - - 13,625 - - 4.3 1.1 0.95 0.05 0.07 0.01 - - 3,588 - - 17.2 1.0 0.27 0.06 0.08 0.50 -27 2,305 34,369 0.89 0.96 28.5 6.1 0.69 0.03 3.23 2.01 - 2,301 50,794 - - 70.1 1.8 0.82 0.13 0.71 0.12 -38 - 13,919 - 0.88 12.5 1.2 0.24 0.26 0.57 0.08 6 822 20,273 0.77 0.91 48.9 2.3 0.84 0.18 1.00 0.10 -6 332 9,348 - 0.83 906.2 6.3 1.55 0.33 4.18 0.21 - - 13,073 - - 14.4 2.7 0.83 0.09 1.60 0.00 - - 16,214 - - 4.7 2.4 0.22 0.25 1.80 0.00 - - 25,020 - - 58.0 1.3 0.84 0.13 0.24 0.06 -27 1,269 31,338 0.86 0.95 9.5 1.3 0.26 0.17 0.73 0.01 -28 3,574 37,483 0.90 0.96 103.5 2.2 1.47 0.14 0.40 0.15 - - 9,676 - - 95.7 1.6 0.62 0.11 0.11 0.56 1 2,192 32,103 0.86 0.95

3,065.2 5.4 0.72 0.90 3.40 0.33 -60 - - - -

1,897.3 5.7 2.17 0.29 2.22 0.89 -41 - - - -

556.4 17.1 4.30 0.26 8.39 4.05 - 2,287 36,584 - - 1,340.9 4.4 1.94 0.29 1.55 0.56 -43 2,934 44,005 0.89 0.96

References and Further Reading

Sources for the National Footprint Accounts FAO Supply Utilization Accounts Statistical International Energy Agency CO2 Emissions from Resources Database. 2003.http://faostat.fao.org/site/355/ Fuel Combustion Database. 2007. http://wds.iea. British Petroleum. 2007. Statistical Review of World default.aspx#ancor (Archived from prior FAOSTAT) org/wds (accessed July 2009). Ewing B., S. Goldfinger, A. Oursler, A. Reed, D. Energy. http://www.bp.com/productlanding.do?cat Moore, and M. Wackernagel. 2009. The Ecological egoryId=6929&contentId=7044622 (accessed July FAO. 1998. Global Fiber Supply Model. http:// IEA. Hydropower FAQ. http://www.ieahydro.org/ Footprint Atlas 2009. Oakland: Global Footprint 2009). ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/006/X0105E/X0105E.pdf faq.htm (accessed July 2009). Network. (accessed July 2009). Corine Land Cover 2000. European Topic Centre Marland, G., T.A. Boden, and R. J. Andres. 2007. Ewing B., A. Reed, A. Galli, J. Kitzes, and M. on Land Use and Spatial Information, 2000. FAO. 2000. Technical Conversion Factors for Global, Regional, and National Fossil Fuel CO2 Wackernagel. 2009. Calculation Methodology for Barcelona: EIONET. http://terrestrial.eionet.europa. Agricultural Commodities. http://www.fao.org/es/ Emissions. In Trends: A Compendium of Data on the National Footprint Accounts, 2009 Edition. eu/CLC2000 (accessed July 2009). ess/tcf.asp. (accessed July 2009). Global Change. Oak Ridge, TN: Carbon Dioxide Oakland: Global Footprint Network. http://www. Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/National_ Corine Land Cover 1990. European Topic Centre Global Agro-Ecological Zones. FAO and Laboratory and U.S. Department of Energy. Footprint_Accounts_Method_Paper_2009.pdf on Land Use and Spatial Information, 1990. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Barcelona: EIONET. http://terrestrial.eionet.europa. 2000. http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/gaez/index. Pauly D. and V. Christensen. 1995. Primary Kitzes, J., A. Galli, A. Reed, B. Ewing, S. Rizk, D. eu/CLC1990 (accessed July 2009). htm. (accessed July 2009). production required to sustain global fisheries. Moore, and M. Wackernagel. 2009. Guidebook Nature. 374: 255-257. to the National Footprint Accounts, 2009 Edition. Fishbase Database. Froese, R. and D. Pauly (Eds.) Global Land Cover 2000. Institute for Environment Oakland: Global Footprint Network. http://www. 2008. http://www.fishbase.org (accessed July and Sustainability, Joint Research Center and Sea Around Us Project. Fisheries Centre, Pew footprintnetwork.org/images/uploads/National_ 2009). European Commission. Italy: IES. http://www-tem. Charitable Trusts and the University of British Footprint_Accounts_Guidebook_2009.pdf jrc.it/glc2000 (accessed July 2009). Columbia. 2008. http://www.seaaroundus.org/ Food and Agricuture Organization of the United project.htm (accessed July 2009). Rice, A. 2009. Is there such a thing as agro- Nations FAOSTAT Statistical Databases. http:// Global Land Use Database. Center for Sustainability imperialism? New York Times Magazine, November faostat.fao.org/site/291/default.aspx (accessed and the Global Environment, University of Wisconsin- United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics 16. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/22/ July 2009). Madison. 1992. http://www.sage.wisc.edu:16080/ Database. 2007. http://comtrade.un.org (accessed magazine/22land-t.html?_r=1&hpw (accessed iamdata (accessed July 2009). July 2009). February 2010). FAO ForesSTAT Statistical Database. http://faostat. fao.org/site/626/default.aspx (accessed July 2009). Goodland, R. 1997. Environmental Sustainability UN Economic Commission for Europe and Food Rosenthal, E. 2007. World food stocks dwindling in the Hydro Industry. Large Dams: Learning from and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. rapidly, UN warns. New York Times, December FAO PopSTAT Statistical Database. http://faostat. the Past, Looking at the Future. Washington DC: 2005. European Forest Sector Outlook Study. 17. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/17/world/ fao.org/site/452/default.aspx (accessed July Workshop Proceedings, IUCN, Gland, Switzerland http://www.unece.org/timber/docs/sp/sp-20.pdf europe/17iht-food.html?emc=eta1 (accessed 2009). and Cambridge, UK and the World Bank Group. (accessed July 2009). February 2010). Gulland, J.A. 1971. The Fish Resources of the FAO ProdSTAT Statistical Database. http://faostat. Ocean. West Byfleet, Surrey, England: Fishing UNECE and FAO. 2000. Temperate and Boreal United Nations Environmental Programme, 2009. fao.org/site/526/default.aspx (accessed July 2009). News. Forest Resource Assessment. Geneva: UNECE, From Conflict to Peacebuilding: The Role of Natural FAO. Resources and the Environment. Nairobi, Kenya: FAO ResourceSTAT Statistical Database. http:// Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2006. UNEP. faostat.fao.org/site/348/default.aspx (accessed 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Vaclav Smil. 2000. Feeding the World: A Challenge July 2009). Gas Inventories Volume 4: Agriculture Forestry and for the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: MIT UN Development Programme. 2009. Human Other Land Use. http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/ Press. Development Report 2009 Overcoming barriers: FAO TradeSTAT Statistical Databases. http:// public/2006gl/vol4.html (accessed July 2009). Human mobility and development. http://hdr. faostat.fao.org/site/406/default.aspx (accessed World Resources Institute Global Land Cover undp.org/en/media/HDR_2009_EN_Complete.pdf July 2009). IPCC. 2001. Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Classification Database.http://earthtrends.wri.org (accessed February 2010). Basis. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University (accessed July 2009). FAO FishSTAT Fisheries Statistical Database. Press, 2001. http://www.fao.org/fishery/figis (accessed July 2009).

36 The Ecological Wealth of Nations Global Footprint Network Partner Organizations

INTERNATIONAL • Carbon Decisions NORTH AMERICA • Centre for Sustainable Tourism and Transportation • BioRegional Development Group • CERAG • AASHE (Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in • Earth Day Network • CESTRAS (Centro de Estudos e Estratégias para a Higher Education) • ICLEI Local Governments for Sustainability Sustentabilidade) • British Columbia Institute of Technology • LEAD International • Charles University Environment Center • CASSE (Center for the Advancement of the Steady State • nrg4SD (Network of Regional Governments for Sustainable • Conseil régional Nord Pas de Calais Economy) Development) • DANDELION Environmental Consulting and Service Ltd. • Children’s Environmental Literacy Foundation • The Natural Step International • De Kleine Aarde (The Small Earth) • Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center • WWF • Ecole Nationale Supérieur des Mines de Saint-Étienne • EcoMark • Ecolife • Global Green USA AFRICA & MIDDLE EAST • EcoRes • Hawaii County Resource Center • Empreinte Ecologique SARL • Info Grafik • AGEDI (Abu Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative) • Finnish Ministry of the Environment • Natural Logic, Inc. • Emirates Environmental Group • Foundation for Global Sustainability • One Earth Initiative • Emirates Wildlife Society-WWF • IFF Social Ecology • Paul Wermer Sustainability Consulting • North West University Center for Environmental Management • IRES Piemonte Research Institute • Planet2025 Network • KÖVET Association for Sustainable Economies • Portfolio 21 Investments, Inc. ASIA • Nature Humaine • Sustainable Earth Initiative • nef (new economics foundation) • The City of Calgary • Agenda21 Action Council for Gyeonggi-do • Novatlantis • The Cloud Institute for Sustainability Education • CII (Confederation of Indian Industry) • OeKU • The Sustainable Scale Project • Ecological Footprint Japan • Optimum Population Trust • Together Campaign • GIDR (Gujarat Institute for Development Research) • Pictet Asset Management SA • Utah Population and Environment Coalition • WWF - Japan • Plattform Footprint • ZeroFootprint • PROECOENO AUSTRALIA & OCEANIA • Rete Lilliput • Skipso • Alberfield Pty Ltd • St. Petersburg State University • Eco-Norfolk Foundation • SERI (Sustainable Europe Research Institute) • EcoSTEPS • Tartu University • EPA Queensland • The Web of Hope • EPA Victoria • University of Siena - Ecodynamics Group • New Zealand Centre for Ecological Economics • Water Footprint Network • RMIT University Centre for Design • Welsh Assembly Government • The GPT Group • Zero Waste SA CENTRAL & SOUTH AMERICA

EUROPE • Acuerdo Ecuador • Ecossistemas Design Ecológico • Agir21 • Fan (Fundación Amigos de la Naturaleza) • Agrocampus Ouest • Instituto de Ecología Política • Ambiente Italia • Libélula – Comunicación • Bank Sarasin & Co. Ltd • RECYCLA Chile • Best Foot Forward • (PUCP) The Pontifical Catholic University of Peru • BRASS Centre • Universidad de Colima “We must learn to view the Earth’s resources not as our own infinite pantry, but as a limited luxury that, if used responsibly, everyone – now and in the future – can continue to benefit from. This means using existing robust accounting tools to analyze the current situation and to track humanity’s path into the future. Global Footprint Network has developed such a tool, which measures not only how much biocapacity we have, and how much we use, but also who is using what and where. This data can serve not only as the starting point for meaningful and impactful dialogue between nations, but as a cornerstone for future policy decisions, as the sustainable governance of natural resources is sorely needed around the globe.”

Freddy Ehlers, Secretary-General, Comunidad Andina (Andean Community)

GLOBAL FOOTPRINT NETWORK Global Footprint Network is an international science and policy institute working to advance sustainability through use of the Ecological Footprint, a resource accounting tool that measures how much nature we have, how much we use and who uses what. By making ecological limits central to decision making, we are working to end overshoot and create a society where all people can live well, within the means of our one planet. Global Footprint Net has offices in Oakland (California, USA), Brussels (Belgium), Zurich (Switzerland) and Washington, DC (USA). www.footprintnetwork.org