DOCSLIB.ORG

Development of Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering in China

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Development of Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering in China View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Available online at www.sciencedirect.com P r o c e d i a E n g i n e e r i n g 5 2 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 1 – 2 Development of Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering in China YAO Hao-weia,b,* aSchool of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China bGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fire Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China Abstract This article gives an introduction on the development of fire science and fire protection engineering in China, and a brief on the conference. © 20132012 The Authors.Authors. PublishedPublished by by Elsevier Elsevier Ltd. Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of School of Engineering of Sun Yat-sen University Keywords: fire science; fire protection engineering; development; China Let’s review the mega-events of China fire science and fire protection engineering: In 1956, Fire Department of Ministry of Public Security (FDMPS) was established. In 1959, Fire Science Research Laboratory of FDMPS was established. In 1963, Fire Science Research Institute of FDMPS was established. In 1965, the four Fire Science Research Institutes of Ministry of Public Security were established, namely, Sichuan, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Shenyang. In 1980, China Fire Press was established. The journal “China Fire” started publication in 1980. “Fire Science and Technology” started publication in 1982. And “Fire Technology and Product Information” started publication in 1988. In 1984, China Fire Protection Association was founded. In 1988, National Technical Committee on Fire Protection of Standardization Administration of China was established. Up to now there are 14 sub-committees, having formulated a number of National Standards on fire protection. In 1992, the State Key Laboratory of Fire Science of University of Science and Technology of China was founded. In the same year, the journal “Fire Safety Science” started publication. In 1993, the National Standard “Classification and code of disciplines” was promulgated. Fire engineering was classified as third grade discipline. (Its attributive first grade discipline is security science and technology and second grade discipline is security engineering.) In 2004, Center for Public Safety Research of Tsinghua University was set up. (Renamed as Public Safety Institute in 2010) In 2011, Security Science and Engineering was approved to be added as first grade discipline in postgraduate education. Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering is going to be its subordinative second grade discipline. Thanks to the research foundation created by the predecessors’ work, nowadays, there are plenty of colleges and universities with education and research on fire science and fire protection engineering, including University of Science and Technology of China, China University of Mining and Technology, The Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Academy, Central South University, Sun Yat-sen University, Northeastern University, Wuhan University, Chongqing University, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, City University of Hong Kong, University of Macau, and National Sun Yat-sen University of Taiwan, etc. 1877-7058 © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of School of Engineering of Sun Yat-sen University doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2013.02.096 2 Yao Hao-wei / Procedia Engineering 52 ( 2013 ) 1 – 2 In the 2012 International Conference on Performance-based Fire and Fire Protection Engineering, more than 100 experts from U.K., Australia, China Mainland, Hong Kong, and Taiwan have attended the conference. Professor Wanki Chow from Hong Kong Polytechnic University was specially invited to give a presentation titled “Several Point to Note on Implementing Performance-based Design in Hong Kong”. During the conference, a spirited discussion has sprung up among the participants on topics such as fire mechanism test, fire detection, alarm and distinguishing system, Evacuation Modeling and software application, public security and emergency management, etc., which reflects the research development and trend of fire science and engineering field. After the conference, the participants visited the Guangdong Fire Special Operation Corps, where they saw the newest fire protection equipment of Guangdong for rescue services, and communicated on the internationalization trend of fire services. Hereon, on behalf of the organizing committee of the conference, I wish to extend my hearty thanks to all the experts that have attended the conference. Their active participation has contributed to the success of this conference happened all these years. Meanwhile, I am grateful to the press of Elsevier for its support to the conference. Dr. Haowei Yao Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, December 2012 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021
    Smoke Alarms in US Home Fires Marty Ahrens February 2021 Copyright © 2021 National Fire Protection Association® (NFPA®) Key Findings Smoke alarms were present in three-quarters (74 percent) of the injuries from fires in homes with smoke alarms occurred in properties reported homei fires in 2014–2018. Almost three out of five home with battery-powered alarms. When present, hardwired smoke alarms fire deathsii were caused by fires in properties with no smoke alarms operated in 94 percent of the fires considered large enough to trigger a (41 percent) or smoke alarms that failed to operate (16 percent). smoke alarm. Battery-powered alarms operated 82 percent of the time. Missing or non-functional power sources, including missing or The death rate per 1,000 home structure fires is 55 percent lower in disconnected batteries, dead batteries, and disconnected hardwired homes with working smoke alarms than in homes with no alarms or alarms or other AC power issues, were the most common factors alarms that fail to operate. when smoke alarms failed to operate. Of the fire fatalities that occurred in homes with working smoke Compared to reported home fires with no smoke alarms or automatic alarms, 22 percent of those killed were alerted by the device but extinguishing systems (AES) present, the death rate per 1,000 reported failed to respond, while 11 percent were not alerted by the operating fires was as follows: alarm. • 35 percent lower when battery-powered smoke alarms were People who were fatally injured in home fires with working smoke present, but AES was not, alarms were more likely to have been in the area of origin and • 51 percent lower when smoke alarms with any power source involved in the ignition, to have a disability, to be at least 65 years were present but AES was not, old, to have acted irrationally, or to have tried to fight the fire themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • 73Rd RILEMWEEK 2019 Jonann Plank, Technische Universität München,Germany 26 – 30 August, 2019 C.S
    ORGANIZING COMMITTEE 73rd RILEMWEEK 2019 Jonann Plank, Technische Universität München,Germany 26 – 30 August, 2019 C.S. POON, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Chair Chunxiang Qian, Southeast University, China Jueshi Qian, Chongqing University, China Jiaping Liu, Southeast University, China Pre-conference RILEM Doctoral Courses Nicolas Roussel, IFSTTAR, France 21 – 25 August, 2019 Surendra P. Shah, Northwestern University, USA Vice Chair Geert De Schutter, Ghent University, Belgium Guang Ye, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands International Conference on Innovative Materials Karen L. Scrivener, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzer- Yun Bai, University College London, UK for Sustainable Civil Engineering land Wenhui Duan, Monash University, Australia 27 – 29 August, 2019 Erik Schlangen, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Etsuo Sakai, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan Members Caijun Shi, Hunan University, China Qian Tian, Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., China Nanjing China Tongbo Sui, Sinoma International Engineering Co., Ltd., China Cheng Yu, Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., China Luping Tang, Chalmers University, Sweden Pan Feng, Southeast University, China Jason Weiss, Oregon State University, USA Yun Gao, Southeast University, China Kejin Wang, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, USA Wei She, Southeast University, China Fuming Wang, Zhengzhou University, China Yongjiang Xie, China Academy of Railway Sciences, China Jianzhuang Xiao, Tongji University, China Feng Xing, Shenzhen University, China CONTACT Yongmo Xu, China Building Material Federation, China Zhongzi Xu, Nanjing Tech University, China Email: [email protected] Peiyu Yan, Tsinghua University, China Tel: ＋86 25 52839729 Qingrui Yue, Central Research Institute of Building and Construction Co., Ltd, China Cheng Yu Yan Yao, China Building Materials Academy Co., Ltd, China Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • (Jerry) Jie HUA
    (Jerry) Jie HUA Ph.D Assistant Professor SICIP [email protected] Education Background The University of Hong Kong Faculty of Law, Hong Kong SAR, China Ph.D. (Intellectual Property Law), May 2013 University of Florida Fredric G. Levin College of Law, Gainesville FL, U.S.A. LL.M. in Comparative Law, May 2007 China Foreign Affairs University International Law Department, Beijing, China LL.B., July 2006 Teaching 1、 Intellectual Property Licensing (LLB) 2、 Trademark Law (LLB, JM) 3、 Intellectual Property Protection (MEng) 4、 Intellectual Property Law (non-law Bachelor degrees) Research and Scholarly Activities Research Interests: Copyright Law; Trademark Law; Internet Law Research Projects: (1) “Copyright Infringement Issues in the Development of Internet Industry” (Principal (2016EFX004), funded by Shanghai Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Investigator) Science (2016-2019) (2) “Construction of Copyright Limitations and Exceptions in the Digital Network Era” (15SFB3023), funded by PRC Ministry of Justice (2015-2017) (3) “Mass Digitization and Construction of Copyright Systems”, funded by Tongji University Humanity and Social Science Fund (2016-2017) Research Projects: (1) “Feasibility of Implementing the Marrakesh Treaty into the Chinese Law”, (Research Fellow) funded by National Copyright Administration of China (2015-2016) Selected Recent Publication List Journal Papers (1) “Implementation of the Marrakesh Treaty for Visually Impaired Persons into Chinese Copyright Law”, 3(1) China and WTO Review (2017 forthcoming) (ESCI) (2)
    [Show full text]
  • CRIOCM2019 24Th International Symposium on Advancement Of
    CRIOCM2019 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate (29th November- 2th December, 2019, Chongqing, China) The Chinese Research Institute of Construction Management (CRIOCM) in collaboration with Chongqing University (CQU) has the pleasure to invite academics, researchers, professionals to participate in CRIOCM 2019, the 24th International Symposium on "Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate" in the context of the new era. This symposium serves to provide a platform for sharing the latest achievements, research outputs and advancement between frontier disciplines in China and overseas, offering important reference for advancement of construction management and real estate. This symposium will be held in School of Management Science and Real Estate (MSRE), Chongqing University (CQU), Chongqing, China. CQU is one of the top 1% universities in China. It has been included in the “Double-First Class” initiative, which aims to build a number of world-class universities and disciplines by the end of 2050. The University was founded in 1929 and it has over 5200 academic staff and 46,000 students from seven faculties in Science, Social Sciences, Humanities, Engineering, Built Environment, Information Science and Technology, and Medicine. The school of CMRE has a history of over 37 years. CMRE is one of the largest schools concerning construction management and real estate in China. Chongqing is the youngest municipality and one of the five central cities in China. Chongqing is a city with quality ecological environment, abundant natural resources, diverse cultures, tradition, and modernity. Chongqing has a number of names, such as an industry base in Western China, an economic and financial center in Upper Yangtze River, a logistic hub combining water, and a city of bridges.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Career Award in Fire Science
    Early Career Award in Fire Science 2016 Recipient Dr. Guillermo Rein, Senior Lecturer, Imperial College London, UK Dr. Rein is a prominent fire behavior scientist, studying ignition, combustion emission, smoldering and interactions of fires and ecosystems. At this early stage of his career, his greatest contributions have been in the area of smoldering wildfires, where he has revolutionized the experimental and numerical description of these fires, translating science from engineering to applications such as fire history, emissions and climate change. This work has been published in over 67 journal papers, receiving more than 1700 citations throughout his short career. Among these, 17 journal papers and 6 keynote lectures have focused specifically on wildland fires. Dr. Rein was first introduced to the subject of wildland fires by Professor Scott Stephens in his course Fire Ecology at University of California, Berkeley. Immediately following his PhD on computational smoldering combustion (graduated in Dec. 2005), he began his early research career on wildland fires as a member of the large international consortium, Fire Paradox (EU FP7) in 2006. Since then, he became a leader in the emerging field of smoldering wildfires, relating their effects to carbon emissions, fire ecology, and climate change. The impact of his work in both the combustion and geoscience communities has been equally impressive and measurable. The results of his wildfire work have been published in 2 book chapters, the International Journal of Wildland Fire, the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), Nature Geoscience and awarded twice the Distinguished Paper Awards (2009 and 2013) in the Proceedings of the Combustion Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Development in Fire Suppression Systems
    Proceedings, 5th AOSFST, Newcastle, Australia, 2001 Editors: M.A. Delichatsios, B.Z. Dlugogorski and E.M. Kennedy RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN FIRE SUPPRESSION SYSTEMS A. Kim Institute for Research in Construction National Research Council Canada CANADA ABSTRACT With halon phase-out, there has been a major thrust to find new advanced fire suppression systems in recent years. Some of the newly developed fire suppression systems include halocarbon and inert gaseous agents, water mist systems, compressed-air-foam systems, and aerosol and gas generators. This paper gives a brief description of the newly developed fire suppression systems, and provides technical information on the fire suppression performance of each system as well as the limitations or concerns related to using the new suppression systems. INTRODUCTION The traditional means of providing fire suppression in buildings is a sprinkler system. However, water is not a suitable suppression medium for all types of fires. Water, when sprayed in coarse droplets such as in sprinkler spray, is not effective in suppressing liquid fuel fires. Also, in some cases, water damage is a concern because of the large amount of water used for sprinkler systems. In the 1940’s, an effort was made to develop more effective fire suppression agents. The first systematic search for effective gaseous fire suppressants can be traced to the late 1940s when the Purdue Research Foundation conducted an extensive study of more than 60 chemical compounds for the U.S. army1. This study led to the development of halon chemicals as a superior performing suppression agent. Halon is a chemical agent, which combines hydrogen, carbon, chlorine and bromine atoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information for Adv
    Copyright WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69469 Weinheim, Germany, 2018. Supporting Information for Adv. Energy Mater., DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201800087 Sodium-Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth- Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance Hong Wu, Xu Lu, Guoyu Wang, Kunling Peng, Hang Chi, Bin Zhang, Yongjin Chen, Chengjun Li, Yanci Yan, Lijie Guo, Ctirad Uher, Xiaoyuan Zhou,* and Xiaodong Han* Supporting information Sodium-Doped Tin Sulfide Single Crystal: A Nontoxic Earth-Abundant Material with High Thermoelectric Performance Hong Wu, Xu Lu, Guoyu Wang, Kunling Peng, Hang Chi, Bin Zhang, Yongjin Chen, Chengjun Li, Yanci Yan, Lijie Guo, Ctirad Uher, Xiaoyuan Zhou*, Xiaodong Han* H. Wu, K. L. Peng, C. J. Li, L. J. Guo, Y. C. Yan, Prof. X. Lu, Prof. X.Y Zhou College of Physics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China Email: [email protected] Y. J. Chen, Prof. X.D. Han Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100024, P. R. China Email: [email protected] Dr. B. Zhang, Prof. X.Y. Zhou Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China Dr. H. Chi, Prof. C. Uher Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA H. Wu, Prof. G. Y. Wang Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing 400714, P. R. China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100044, P. R. China The band effective mass calculations Figure 3 shows the DFT band structure of SnS in the Pnma phase.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2017 Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (USA)
    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 2017 Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (USA) 32 Program Speakers (Partial List) Formed by a partnership between the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Greg McCormick—Acting Deputy Director of Illinois State Library (UIUC) and the Society for Academic Library, Library Society of China, the Chinese McCormick has rich managerial experience in libraries. Librarians Scholarly Exchange Program (CLSEP) is an academic scholarly exchange program whose participants include Chinese librarians and scholars. Built on the past Beth Sandore Namachchivaya -- Associate Dean of Libraries, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Namachchivaya leads library programs that focus on discovery services, digital libraries, eResearch, and digital curation. eleven years successful Chinese Librarians Scholarly Exchange Programs, CLSEP is She has broad research interests that key on the design and evaluation of digital libraries. She was co-Principal developed to focus on the trends and challenges faced by libraries all over the world. It Investigator for the Illinois’ National Digital Preservation Partnership supported by the Library of Congress from 2004- gathers excellent resources from American library and information science fields and 2010, and is now involved with the ArchivesSpace project. presents the latest achievements of American libraries that are among the first-class libraries of the world. CLSEP librarian scholars seek solutions for challenges faced by Maureen Sullivan – President of Sullivan Associates and Organization Development Consultant Chinese and American libraries through reports, case studies, academic Sullivan is a past ALA president. Her experience includes near ten years as the human resources administrator at Yale communications and field trips. CLSEP is a perfect fit for Chinese academic library University.
    [Show full text]
  • Home Smoke Alarms a Technology Roadmap
    Home Smoke Alarms A Technology Roadmap R. J. (Bruce) Warmack Measurement Science & Systems Engineering Division Marc Wise Chemical Sciences Division Dennis Wolf Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, TN 37831 March 2012 This work is sponsored by the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and prepared under DOE Contract # DE-AC05-00OR22725 between Department of Energy Oak Ridge Office and UT-Battelle, LLC. Home Smoke Alarms EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The introduction of residential smoke alarms and their widespread adoption over the past four decades has been tremendously successful in saving countless lives and assuring home occupants of their safety in residential fires. Smoke alarms have been developed to be reliable in general, and economical to employ, requiring occasional maintenance of testing and battery replacement. Nevertheless, there remain some shortfalls in operation. Nuisance or false alarms, which are triggered by nonfire related sources, account for the majority of smoke alarm activations. These constitute a serious concern, as occupants sometimes disable the offending alarms, rendering them useless for alarming in genuine fires. Construction methods and room furnishing materials have changed, dramatically increasing the fire growth rate and reducing the time for safe egress. Arousing occupants in a timely manner can be challenging. Given these concerns, improvements in residential smoke alarms could have a huge impact upon residential fire safety, reducing the number of injuries and deaths. Most residential smoke alarms are based solely upon the detection of smoke aerosol particles emitting from nearly all fires. Ionization and photoelectric aerosol sensors provide sensitivity to various types of smoke aerosols but also, unfortunately, to other aerosols, including cooking fumes, dust and fog.
    [Show full text]
  • Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society Special Issue on Dynamical
    Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society Special Issue on Dynamical Modeling, Analysis, and Control of Information Diªusion over Social Networks CALL FOR PAPERS Information diusion is a complex and dynamic process that involves the topological Lead Guest Editor factor of social networks, and the geographical and psychological factors of Chenquan Gan, Chongqing University individuals, etc. It has a wide range of applications, including online marketing, of Posts and Telecommunications, recommendation systems, and prevention of malware and rumours propagation. Chongqing, China As dynamical models are in forms of dierence, dierential, partial dierential, gcqòýÔýcqu@Ôâç.com or stochastic dierential equations, the corresponding mathematical tools, such as stability and bifurcation analysis, matrix analysis, perturbation theory, and fuzzy Guest Editors rules, can help us to understand the complex behaviours of the diusion process. Qingyi Zhu, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Although lots of dynamical models describing the behaviours of information Chongqing, China diusion have been proposed, it is still a challenging interdisciplinary task to explain [email protected] and predict the dynamics of the diusion process in complex networks. Meanwhile, since there is an increasing interest in the study of how to control the diusion Wei Wang, Sichuan University, of positive information, negative information, misinformation, and rumour, it is Chengdu, China essential to study control models for information diusion using hybrid control [email protected] methods. Jianxin Li, Deakin University, is Special Issue aims to provide both theoreticians and practitioners with a Melbourne, Australia platform to disseminate their research on the modelling, analysis, and optimization [email protected] of information diusion over social networks.
    [Show full text]
  • Socioeconomic Factors and the Incidence of Fire
    FA 170 / June 1997 SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND THE INCIDENCE OF FIRE Federal Emergency Management Agency United States Fire Administration National Fire Data Center SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AND THE INCIDENCE OF FIRE June, 1997 Federal Emergency Management Agency United States Fire Administration National Fire Data Center FA 170 / June 1997 This publication was produced under contract EMW-95-C-4717 by TriData Corporation for the United States Fire Administration, Federal Emergency Management Agency. Any information, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the Federal Emergency Management Agency or the United States Fire administration. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION............................................................................................... 1 Why Study Socioeconomic Factors of Fire Risk?................................................. 1 Existing Literature................................................................................................. 2 Part I. Socioeconomic Indicators of Increased Fires Rates ................... 2 Part II. How Income Level Affects Fire Risk in Urban Areas ................ 10 Socioeconomic Factors at the Level of the Neighborhood ................................... 10 Vacant and Abandoned Buildings................................................................ 11 Neighborhood Decline.................................................................................. 11 Arson ..........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Xiaoxiao XU Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering，Chongqing University, No
    Xiaoxiao XU Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, School of Energy and Power Engineering，Chongqing University, No. 174 Shazhengjie, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, PR China E-mail: [email protected]/ [email protected] Web: http://cte.cqu.edu.cn/info/1017/2675.htm Research Interests: Heat Transfer of Supercritical Fluid, Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system with ejector, Organic Rankine Cycle for Low Grade Waste Heat Recovery, Refrigerant maldistribution in micro-channel heat exchanger Work Experience and Education Experience: 09/2018 – Present Professor, Chongqing University 09/2013 – 09/2018 Associate Professor, Chongqing University 01/2011 – 08/2013 Lecturer, Chongqing University 10/2009 – 10/2010 Visiting scholar, University of Illinois at Urbana and Champaign 09/2006 – 12/2010 Ph.D, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University 09/1999 – 03/2006 M. S.& B. S. Shenyang University of Chemical Technology Main Journal Publications: (1) Shijie Zhang, Xu Xiaoxiao*, Chao Liu, Xinxin Liu, Zhipeng Ru, Chaobin Dang. Experimental and numerical comparision of the heat transfer behaviors and buoyancy effects of supercritical CO2 in various heating tubes. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 149 (2020) 119074 (2) Shijie Zhang, Xu Xiaoxiao*, Chao Liu, Xinxin Liu, Yadong Zhang, Chaobin Dang. The heat transfer of supercritical CO2 in helically coiled tube: Trade-off between curvature and buoyancy effect. Energy, 2019, 176,765-777. (3) Shijie Zhang, Xu Xiaoxiao*, Chao Liu, Xinxin Liu, Chaobin Dang. Experimental investigation on the heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO2 at various mass flow rates in heated vertical-flow tube. Applied Thermal Engineering. 2019, 157:113687. (4) Xinxin Liu, Xu Xiaoxiao*, Chao Liu, Jiacheng He, Chaobin Dang, The effect of geometry parameters on the heat transfer performance of supercritical CO 2 in horizontal helically coiled tube under the cooling condition.
    [Show full text]