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The Politics of HIV/AIDS and Implications for Democracy in Kenya
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 6-2004 The Politics of HIV/AIDS and Implications for Democracy in Kenya Wambuii Henry Kiragu Western Michigan University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the African Studies Commons, and the Political Science Commons Recommended Citation Kiragu, Wambuii Henry, "The Politics of HIV/AIDS and Implications for Democracy in Kenya" (2004). Dissertations. 1117. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/1117 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE POLITICS OF HIV/AIDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY IN KENYA by Wambuii Henry Kiragu A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of The Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Political Science Western Michigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan June 2004 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. THE POLITICS OF HIV/AIDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY IN KENYA Wambuii Henry Kiragu, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2004 Democratic consolidation in newly transitioned democracies has traditionally been attributed to widely accepted political and legal mechanisms, like elections and constitutions. Existing literature on democratization in sub-Saharan Africa is preoccupied with these mechanisms as prime indicators for democratic takeoff in specific countries. Hardly any attention has been paid to other less openly political mechanisms, such as the response to external shocks, as potential sources of institutional development that could advance democratic practices. -
Les Cahiers D'afrique De L'est / the East African
Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review 38 | 2008 The General Elections in Kenya, 2007 From Rigging to Violence Mapping of political regression Bernard Calas Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/713 Publisher IFRA - Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique Printed version Date of publication: 1 April 2008 Number of pages: 171-192 ISSN: 2071-7245 Electronic reference Bernard Calas, « From Rigging to Violence », Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review [Online], 38 | 2008, Online since 18 July 2019, connection on 19 July 2019. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/713 This text was automatically generated on 19 July 2019. Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review From Rigging to Violence 1 From Rigging to Violence Mapping of political regression Bernard Calas 1 Mapping of the elections and the post-election violence which took place in Kenya at the beginning of 2008 allows certain parties to initially qualify it through an analysis that combines both ethnicity and violence. The ethnicising of violence does not seem to be clear while the localization of violence in the country is more often a result of land issues rather than direct ethnic antagonism. In contrast, crime in urban areas has taken on the form of unequivocal ethnicisation. 2 On 27 December 2007, the 14 million Kenyans registered on the voters’ roll were called upon to vote three times, casting three different ballot papers in three separate ballot boxes to elect their President, one of their 210 MPs and their local councillor.1 The main presidential candidates were the incumbent Mwai Kibaki, opposition leader Raila Odinga —son of the father of opposition, Oginga Odinga—and their challenger Kalonzo Musyoka. -
Hezron Ndunde.Pdf
CODESRIA 12th General Assembly Governing the African Public Sphere 12e Assemblée générale Administrer l’espace public africain 12a Assembleia Geral Governar o Espaço Público Africano ةيعمجلا ةيمومعلا ةيناثلا رشع ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء اﻟﻌﺎم اﻹﻓﺮﻳﻘﻰ From Cyberspace to the Public: Rumor, Gossip and Hearsay in the Paradoxes of the 2007 General Election in Kenya Hezron Ndunde Egerton University 07-11/12/2008 Yaoundé, Cameroun Abstract While political control, draconian press laws, selective communication and downright misinformation and disinformation by the state took centre stage in the wake of post-election violence in Kenya, the citizens had to seek alternative ways of satisfying their information and communication needs. Among these alternative ways were what Spultunik terms as “small media” such as graffiti, flyers, underground cassettes, internet listservs, slogans, jokes and rumors which despite being rather diffuse and not direct in their engagement with the state and global structures of repression, nevertheless, served as vital and pervasive undercurrent and reservoirs of political commentary, critique and potential mobilization. Out of thousands of such encounters, "public opinion" slowly formed and became the context in which politics was framed. Cyberspace was easily adapted and embraced as an essential aspect of resistance struggles, beginning with news forums, interactive websites, and/or personal weblogs (blogs). Electronic communication, whether via computers, wireless PDAs, or text messages between cell phones, created new forms of relatively facile information transmission, communication, coordination, and connections between social actors that in turn enabled new kinds of social mobilizations not tied to specific locales. Anyone anywhere having access to a terminal, or even a handheld phone or PDAs with Internet capability could provide information to anyone else as often as events took place. -
Special Supplement Published by Nation Media Group
DAILY NATION Thursday March 18, 2010 50 GOLDEN YEARS I THE GOLDEN YEARS SOUVENIR ISSUE DAILY NATION II | 50 GOLDEN YEARS Thursday March 18, 2010 PUBLISHER : NATION MEDIA GROUP E DITORIAL DIRECTOR: JOSEPH ODINDO EDITORIAL ADVISOR: WANGETHI MWANG I PROJECT EDITOR: NICK WACHIRA C ONTRIBUTING EDITORS: GERRY LOUGHRAN, LUCY O RIANG, KIBE KAMUNYU, RUTH LUBEMBE Afte≥ 5 decades, the futu≥e C REATIVE DIRECTOR: KAMAU WANYOIKE P AGE DESIGNERS: depends on ability to adapt DENNIS MAKORI, PETER tually provide world class primary C HESERET, CONRAD KARUME The Nation has become a journalistic mzee of East and secondary education to talented students in 14 countries across three PHOTO EDITOR: Africa, writes HIS HIGHNESS THE AGA KHAN continents. I am pleased that East Af- J OAN PERERUAN rica will also host the continent’s first S THE NATION MEDIA Group from the Network’s significant experi- faculty of Arts and Sciences of the Aga PHOTO RESEARCHERS: (NMG) marks its 50th anniver- ence in East Africa. Khan University (AKU) as well as the sary, it would be too limiting The Aga Khan Fund for Economic university’s new Graduate School of NOORBEGUM KANANI, A to perceive this occasion as a mere Development is neither a charitable Media and Communication. It is my A NNIEL NJOKA, EVANS milestone in a history of a media or- foundation nor a vehicle for wealth gen- sincere hope that the school, which S A S A K A , ganization, no matter how successful. eration. It is a for-profit, international will be initially located in Nairobi and CHARLES BETT, MARIA The Nation’s path has been closely en- development agency that, because of later extended to the new Arusha cam- WAMBUA KANINI twined with the history of Kenya, East its institutional background and social pus, will help Africa in particular and Africa, and the entire continent during conscience, invests in projects, which the developing world in general to de- L EAD WRITERS: a period filled with momentous devel- will make a positive contribution to the velop an ever-stronger corps of owners, GERRY LOUGHRAN, JOHN opments.