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Final Report of UGC Minor Research Project Ethnobotanical Studies, at Sengaon District Hingoli in Maharashtra By Dr. Manik Sakharam Khandare (M.Sc., B.Ed., M. Phil, Ph.D.) Assistant professor in Botany Dept. of Botany Dny anopasak College Jintur, Dist. Parbhani-431509 2013-2015 1 Certificate This is to certify that Dr. M. S. Khandare has completed his Minor Research project entitled Ethnobotanical Studies, at Sengaon Dist. Hingoli in Maharashtra. Vide UGC F – 47-068/12 (WRO) dated 25/02/2013. In the department of Botany, Dnyanopasak College, Jintur – 431509, accordance with terms and conditions laid down by University Grant Commission. Principal 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT I express profound sense of gratitude to President Adv. Ganeshrao Dudhgaonkar., Dr. Shandhytai Dudhgaonkar for giving encouragement to complete this project. I am grateful to Dr. S.L. Sdawarte Principal for allowing me to conduct project work in this reputed institute. I specially thank to vice Principal Dr. S. M. Kadam and Head of Botany Dept. Dr. A. S. Kadam; for being very helpful suggestive and supportive thought the entire period project. I thank to Dr. B. M. Kareepa, Dr. Wakle, Dr. Dinesh, Dr. Pramod Chavan and other family members for constant moral support during this period. I thanks to the teaching staff and library staff for reference work, last but not least thank to all tribes for their help and co- operation during this investigation. I am also thankful to DTP operator and photographer for their help. Dr. Manik Sakharam Khandare 3 CONTENT Topic Page no Introduction 05 Material and method 07 Discussion 08 Conclusion 24 References 26 Questionnaire 36 4 Introduction:- Ethnobotany means the relationship of plants with human being. Ancient human beings cure their sickness and injuries by application of plant/ parts. The use of plants as a source of medicine date back to about 4000 to 5000 B.C. Medicinal importance of plants had been described by Aristotle and Theophrastus in about 77 B.C. Plants were the main source of folk medicine, practiced by the ancient man folk medicine that gives rise to traditional system of medicine. The folk medicine and medicinal plants were also adapted in to modern system of medicine. Traditional herbal medicine is becoming popular in word for the treatment of several diseases and disorders as the herbal medicine is safer than the allopathic one. Normally 2000 plants are used as medicinal plants in India. Many plants nearby our locality are used as grandmothers remedy for several diseases. India has a rich flora, fauna and other natural resources viz. is good source for bio industrial development. The Ayurveda and folk medicine of India have started gaining high appreciation and acceptance in the world. Many herbal remedies individually or in combination with formulation such as leaf powder, pastes, decoction, etc. have been recommended for various medical treatises for different diseases. Ethnobotany includes study of all plants i.e., (useful, harmful and of economic importance). The ethanobiologist all over the world today have the moral responsibility to uncover those “miracle herb” with the help of the ethnic people to save the human life from deadly diseases .They also have the moral obligation to protect the interest of ethnic people and rewarded for the conservation of biodiversity and for their traditional knowledge is useful for human health protection. Ethnobotanical study means the interrelationships between plant and human being (Jain 2001). Ethnobotanical study is very important in the area of forest because biodiversity is preserved in forest. Tribal’s learn medicinal properties of plant from their ancestors, socioreligious ceremonies and continue to further generation. Plants and tribal’s relationship is very close from ancient time. The oral tradition play very important role to pass the traditional knowledge from generation to generation, so that present generation obtain much information through this system. Due to lack of communication to urban area, the tribal’s are fully depending on herbal remedies. Ethnobotany is a part of ethno ecology that deals with knowledge of ethnic people of all kinds of plants. 5 Recently ethnobotany is an important part of natural sciences (plant science). Ethnobotany developed rapidly because awareness of traditional knowledge, their culture and environmental distraction due to urbanization. Tribal’s knowledge is not documented properly, recently ethnobotanist started documentation of tribal peoples knowledge viz. very significant to all people. Some time it is very difficult to know medicinal uses of plant, from tribal’s even on paid basis. Tribals preserve their traditional through worship right from birth to death, uses of plant material in worship are routine practice and they collect plant material from nearby forest. Medicinal uses:- Plants are an important source of medicine from ancient time. Tribal’s used some plant to treat the huge number of diseases, the number of plants grows widely and some are cultivated. In this investigation some plants were focused which grows widely in the Sengaon taluka in Hingoli district of Maharashtra. People of Sengaon conserve the plant and maintain the biodiversity. Some commonly used medicinal plant by tribes are locally known as Butea, Ocimum, Zinger, Onion, Garlic, Ricinus, Chitrak, Serpaghandha, Ashwaghandha, Kallavi, Karanj, Dikimali, Teminalia,Bel, Bilayati, Utrand, Lajalu, Jatashanker, Takalan, Jambhul, Askand, Meharak, Pimpal, Gorakhmundi, Pathari, kawat, Gulyel, Ruchki, Bartondi, Lokhandi, Ghaneri, Agebond, Bhoeumber, Dhotara, Ritha, Sag, Sawandari, Dhawanda, Ultarand, Korpad, Amba, Pal, Kamuni, Pisula, Kartula, Chinch, Sitaphal, Kadulimb, Dati, Pandharivasu, Dorale, Bueringani, Chillahari, Uchkatyar, Gokarn, Kavilyel and Karal, etc. Marathwada region is one of the parts of Maharashtra state of India. It consist of eight districts viz. Aurangabad, Beed, Jalna, Nanded, Osmanabad, Parbhani, and Hingoli. The Marathwada region is situated at an average height of about 300- 650M, above mean of sea level. In Marathwada the Godavari, Penganga, Sina and Tapi are the four major river and other small rivers are Purna, Dhudhana, Manjara, Penganga, Tavaraj, Terna, Kayadhu, Tamasa etc. All this river s and other some damp, lakes, ponds are the principal source of water. Sengaon taluka is the tehsil in the Hingoli division in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located on the bank of Kayodhu River which continues in purna and then Godavari River. In Sengaon taluka, Amlibaras, Bhulabai, Pongal, Panchimi, Ganpati, Shivratri and yatra of snt. Namdev and Khandoba are celebrated. Sengaon taluka consist 108 panchyat and 131 villages. It is situated about 463 M. elevation 6 (altitude), average annual temperature range 25-43 0c. In this region Marathi is a local language but some people speak in Hindi also. Objective:- Tribal’s of Sengaon taluka in Hingoli district have been with rich knowledge of medicinal plants, hence Sengaon taluka has been selected for the minor research project work with following objective:- Documentation of the ethnobotanical knowledge of Sengaon taluka. To study the medicinal aspect of important plants. To aware about wield medicinal plants use by tribes. To conserve the important medicinal plants. To prepare photograph/ herbaria of medicinal plant by collection of different plant/ parts. Identification of wield medicinal plants. Recommendation of the plants/ parts on the basis of experiences of tribes. Materials and methods :- The etnobotanical information in present project was obtained through direct method such as field studies, personal interview; literature etc. The collection of data in the study area was through interview with the respective tribes for the documentation a good questionnaire is prepared. The present research work is based on field studies viz. followed by laboratory studies. The plants used by tribal’s were collected from various localities by carrying out several fields’ survey in different season. The collected plants herbarium and photographs was maintained in the department of Botany. All information of plants along with medicinal properties was documented on the spot. Information regarding wield medicinal plants were collected from tribals such as vaidyas, Hakims, Ayurveda practioner. The wield plants used by tribls like Pardhi, Lamani, Mahar, Kumbhar, Dohar, Vaidue, Gosawi, Bhill, Banjara etc., for proper information and correct identification of plants several field trips were arranged along with tribals. They used the wield plant growing their locality to cure several diseases for e.g. fever, acidity, stomach- ache, intestinal worm, scabies, skin diseases, mouth diseases, headache, T. B., syphilis, leprosy, constipation, fever, diabetic, asthma, wounds, nikalge, nakhurde, 7 pandhara and lal prader ( white and red dishrag), bone fracture, ghanorrhea, urinary troubles, cough, diarrhoea, ring worm, male sterility, dysentery, pregnancy problem, piles, ulcer, hernia, jaundice, animal diseases, lice killing, poison, fistula, tonsil, ardhsis (migraine), teeth diseases, ear diseases, kidney stone etc. The audio, video recording of the medicinal plants information is also done during field visit it is very helpful for documentation. Ethnobotanical aspect was studied with the help of the literature of Prajapati et.,al (2007). Jain (1997). Jaynnarayan et.,al (2012). Naik (1998). Rastogi et.,al (1990). Sharma et., al(1986,).The wield medicinal plants were collected from forest in and around

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