etRe 'Ph.IACeIJe AssOcUto[:'Jon

'OU",. "" ,","" Vol. II No. III Jan. - Feb. 1952 EIRE PlULATELIC ASSOCIATION Pub. Bi-Honthly. 0~ol .. ""7" Neil Stack, Editor ON THE SHANNON

AERIAL VIEW O F LIMERICK M, Connell-i/-lor!ley After a long southward course through the Central Plain, the Shan­ non cuts through the hills that hem in Lough Derg, issues from the narrows as a tidal river, B.nd turns definitely westward to the sea.At the end of the tideway, 50 miles from the Atlantic, B long hump-back­ ed island divides the river. Inis Sivton the ancients called it; but since Norman days it is more commonly known as the King's Isla.nd. A UNVEIL HEADSTONE TO thousand years ago Danish raiders saw the IRISH KING WHO possibilities of the place as a base from ROUTED RICHARD II which to raid the rich plains to the south in the glen of St. Hullins, near and east, and when Ivar and Harold and pilgrims gathered in a their fellow Vikings drew their boats Icelmel;er'v' to see a headstone un- ore by the rapids at Curra.gower, the h.is- iled in honor of a King. of Limerick began. Art N'Hurrough Kavanagh, King of The raiders met little opposition at first for 1.Le~mrcer in the late fourteenth disaster had just overtaken the Eoghanacht dyna­ early fifteenth centuries, is sty that had lorded over these plains since the there. Twice he routed days of st. Patrick. Yet the sway of the island the Second, of Engl~~d, Vikings was destined to be brief. Up the river battle and Richard's fruitless valley towards Lough Derg, the sept of the Dal cost him his crmm, Cais was emerging from obscurity. For a ge:nelrat,io:nl his life and changed the valley folk >Tere hunted and harried by the dynasty in England to the Limerick raiders, but they were to be amply aveng Im'u~·", of Lancaster. ed. Following Drian, their boy hero, the clansmen The memorial stone was erected entered to burn and sack the town. For Brian,able subscriptions raised hy St. and ambitious, this l~as merely a beginning. He Im.u.Je.l.I.",,' exiles in the United came to unite Ireland under his septre and to of America. It is cut in Danish power at Clontarf in 1014. For ~ tone tdth an interlaced century his descendants were candidates for t~e -1- . (Cont'd. on Pg .2) *E.P.A. QFFICERS* THE LlMERICK STORY teenth century put an end to Limerick's isol~ 'PRESIDENT - Dr. Thomas F. Armstrong,Jr. ation. To the north, Henry made lasting terms with the Gaelic chiefs of Clare; to the south Elizabeth utterly broke the Desmonds. Father H David Wolf, a native of the city, who was Pa­ A pal Nuncio to Ireland in Elizabeth's reign, P describes in a report that Limerick's walls P were made of marble blocks and the houses for Y the ·most part were hewn of blocks of black marble, built like castles. . N THE E In August 1690, Limerick was besieged by W \.,illiam I s army, fresh from the victory of the Boyne. A breach Has made in the walls near y St. John's Hospital but \,illiam's troops were E thrown bacl' under the brilliant leadership of A Patrick Sarsfield, afterward Earl of Lucan. R "GALLOPING HOGAN" i~~~~~~ The outstanding achIevement in connection ~ ~~~~~~~~.-,.>ith the siege deserves special mention, and THE STORY OF LIMERICK added interest to the "Galloping Hogan' coun- (Cont. fran Pg.l) try around Ballyneety, "here Patrick Sa,~"f'i high kingship. About 1100, Muirceartac, the and 500 men led by the rapacious "Galloping successful of them, abandoned the open Hogan", successfully ambushed and captured camp at Kincora for the greater security of Williamls entire artillery train. The Irish island town. At the same time, Bishop Gilbert, filled the siege guns "ith powder, stuck the the Popels Legate for the work of Irish Church muzzles into the ground, and fired the train reform, made Limerick the See of his new dio- of explosives. It is recorded that "the earth cese. St. Maryls Cathedral proba':Jly owes its rocked" and the sound of the explosion was foundation to the cooperation of the King and heard in Limerick, some seven miles away. Bishop. MODERN LIMERICK Donal Hor, one of Brian's race, ruled his In 1760, Limerick ceased to be a fortified kingdom of Thormond from Limerick "hen the garrison, and the demolition of the walls came. He held the city until his death, ceeded so merrily that they have left few his successor came to terms with the nel~- traces except in the vicinity of the 1690 br­ comers and retired behind the Shannon to the each near St. John's Hos pital. land of Clare. There the O'Briens ruled as The modern city is divided into three dis- kings until they agreed to accept English ti- tricts by the Shannon and its arm, the Abbey tIes in Tudor days. South of the city the Nor- River. The English to,rn is built on King's knights found an easy prey in the Wide Island; the Irisht010TJl and Newtown (Newtown plain Hhich the wars of Donal Hor had cleared on the southern bank, and and its native chieftains. In betl~een, the Lansdowne on the Clare side of the river. King's 1ialled town of Limerick led its bridges connect the districts. hostile to "Irish Enemy" and "English NEWTOWN Rebel" alike. A gro'.lp of merchant families He>r Limerick has wide streets crossing at sided over the affairs of the trading ri!,:ht anbles, many hotels and great business pr,of'3s~lirlg loyalty to a far away Crown as houses • The great artery of Neu Limerick is guarantee against turbulent neighbors. O'Connell Street, a well paved street with KING .WUN'S CASTLE Irish thoroughfares surpassing it. Like all the city end of the bridge that led to long streets it runs parallel to the river. stood the castle which King John had The eastern part is the shopping center and in the early days of the settlement. On across Bathew Bridge is English town. towers sentries \~ere kept "to watch toward The \~est end is mostly residential, stretch­ ITllOI'lnCmdl ". The "aIled town of John stood en- ing to the Crescent, where the bronze '''".r" ... v within King's Island, but in time an figure of O'Connell gazes benignly from a trading settlement grew beyond the Abbey granite pedestal. The statue and street na~e to t he south. Soon Ball's Bridge ~las are the town's tribute to the genial Libera to join the to,rns, and in the course of INDUSTRIES fifteenth century the Irishtown too was Bacon curing is the City's greatest in. al asset and is known the world over. Next in LIMERICK'S ISOLATION ENDS order are: flour milling, the manufacture of The growing pouer of the Crown in the six- shoes, condensed milk,tobacco, steel and lace IT ISN'T TOO EARLY TO THIl~ ABOUT AN IRISH VACATION PLAN !lCW FOR SPRING, SlJ}l!oIER OR FALL TAKE ADVANTAGE ,OF WiN COST AIR FARES TO IRELAND '- ~ FOR INFORMATION-WRITE IRISH TOURIST BUREAU St.-NEW YORK 22 N.Y.

Dublin- "hich llere

John 8. o..le8. ~.q • • occupied by British ," orces up to 1938 and >lere po.te Reat&nte, CROYDON. handed back after the Taoiseach Nr. de' Surre7. had concluded an agreement with Hr.Ne­ Chamberlain, then British Prime been renamed after three prominent m~mEr s l ,!a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~;;~~~~~~~i~;~tlle Young toIrelan take d over Movement. the forts Mr. >lhende Valera the , a 1~~~~~~~Le~v~a~cuated them. carrying Colonel Charles Russell(Former ~ has been renamed Dun an of the Air Force) and Flight (Nitchel's Fort) after John Nit- Officer J. Summers, test pilot for Vickers >lho >las deported to Tasmania in 1845. Aviation,Ltd., builders of the plane, left Fort Carlisle will be known as Dun an Galway, Ireland for London on the first Ex- (Davis' Fort) after Thomas Davis, the perimental Air Hail Flight between the two lr".camCl ,triter-soldier. cities. The flight departed from Galway at The third fort, Fort Camden. becones Dun Ui 7 :30 A.H. and arrived at Croyden Aerodrome, (Heagher's Fort) after Thomas Francis near London at 11:35 A.H., having called at "Neagher of the Sword", another Young Baldonnel and Sealand, near LiverPool. Ir'91,mdler, <1ho was sentenced to deportation to There was no official flight prior to the Tasmania. experimental flight of Aug. 26,1929. Letters Fort Templebreedy, a fourth fort in Cork Har- for transmission by the Experimental Air Hail "ill be known by its Irish name Dun Tean- ,Iere received at the GalHay Post Office for Bride, (Brigid's Church Fort) after the some days prior to the flight and it may be IL'U,~U~U Church erected in honor'of the sixth that some of the letters ,rere date stamped in ,Irish saint. This church is 1n the error at Galway prior to August 26, 1929. It is of interest to note that the cover in possession, and shown above, is dated two Hith the national folk music days prior to this flight, August 24, 1929. has had its premiere in Dublin. A plausible explanation for the date is the was written in conjunction with Nr. Seamus possibility that it ·"as originally expected of the Irish Folklore Commis s ion, by Hr. that the North German Lloyd steamer, Karlsrhuu.e~d~~~~~ Lomax, the American ~'olk Nusic expert, arrive at Gal"ay on august 24th, but t Has recorded for the BEG Northern ~ervlCS ship was delayed by fog at New York and did is called "The Stone of Tory." not arrive until August 26,1929. It is possi- During a tour of Ireland, Nr. Lomax collected ble too, that some of the letters held at recorded traditional Irish airs. Then he l~ere date stamped Aug. 24, 1929 before to Britain for a team of technicians. In known that the S.S. Karlsrhue was they produced, acted and recorded the Unfortunately the Galway local records of 1:2'2E~~l~'n~0u~b~li~n~'~~~~~~~~~~-2~~~~ are not now available so that the above con- jectures cannot be verified. ... FAIR WARNING • • • ! 91" This One Is Loaded CONTENTS OF EXPERIMENTAL MAIL Oraad New mlSD MIx'are The mail carried on the flight consisted of: On paper, plenty of commemoratives, ex- 1 bag (21 Ibs.) containing 2000 letters ceIJ ent ranae of variety, clean ... a lpeekled trout In a bubbUna I prlnlir • . . in the U.S.A. This bag was made up at New No Brltllh- ju.t. pure If'lsb-wlt.h fI.... clnatlna Gaelic ,town cancellations, Enjlll.h for l£>ndon. All letters in this bag were can- language .Iogana, and more tun Cor treaa­ ure hunten t.han a chest of doubloon. In celled with the New York date stamp by thellS ...n"'pl< Post Office; they were also impressed l-ri th a co!:!!te-::~r:~:e:e,:~rce l post rata with U ' Uuuc'" cachet stamp by the North German Lloyd EPA $165 Co. This cachet shows an airplane No. 5l • per pound And I'll aladly help Identify t he Gaelic the .5. Kru-lsrhue with the wording-IIFIRST town. if you can't work them out yourself. MAIL-GAlWAY _IDNDON ·. II A, u.ulll - Fun Dr Refund . One bag (7 Ibs.) containing 1000 letters J~HN A, ~llMA~ ~'Zt.~;:; posted on board the 5.5. Karlsrhue, bore the '''' PUTH •• BT.. TOLEDO 10, OHIO (Cont. on Pg.6) CONTROLS ON OVERPRINT ISSUES (CONTINUED FROM NOV.-DEC) By Perry Adams - E.P.A. #84

cat. Nos. ' Face Sheet wi thout Control }:umbers Value Margins Control of Imperf --~~~:-4-----~----~~stamp or Perf IRISH OVERPRINT PLATES scott Gibhs Gi~ns Official J. p IN WHICH IT OCCURS

II. Thom Overprintings (In ~11, ten plates used) (a) Rialtas, in black (and dull black). Plates used here: 1,2,3,4, 5,7,g

10 026 Q20 lid I p 2,3 ( chestnut) 10 027 Q21 1-kd I P 1,2 ( chestnut) 18 15 C28 R21 1/- I P 1,2 16b 12 C29 821 2d( I) I P (1)1,2 (P)2 17 14 C30 821 6d I 1,2 18 15 C31 S21 1/- I p 2 16b 12 C32 S22 2d( I) I P 1,2,3 16 13 C33 S22 2d( II I P 1,2,3 34& 43& C33a 522 P ., 18 15 C34 822 l°l1 - I P (1)1,2,3 (P)2,3 238 35a 035 T22 . d I P (1)5,7 (P)5 24a 36a C35a T22 1d I 4 15 11 C35b T22 ltd p 9 (pale red brown) 16b 12 C36 T22 2d( I) I 2 16 13 C37 T22 2d(II I 2 288 38a C37a T22 3d I p (1)2,3 (P)3 17 14 C38 T22 6d I 2,3 (b) Rialtas, in red or carmine. Plates used here: 4,8,9.

29 39 C39 522 4d( C) - P 9 32 41 C40 522 9d I P (1)4,8 (P)4 (agate) 27 37 C41 T22 2id(C) I P (1)8 (P)9 29 39 C42 T22 4d( C) I p (1)9 (P)8 3.3 42 C43 ~'22 9d I p g (sage)

(c) Fialtas, in ~lue-black. Plates used here: 2,3,4,5, 6 ,7,8,9,10.

24 . 36 C44 S22 Id I P (1)4,5,6,7,10 (P)4,5,6,7,9 . 26b 31 C45 522 2d( I) I P 2,3,4,5. 26 32 C46 822 2d( II) I P (r)2,3,4 (P)2,4. 34 43 C48 522 10d I l' ( 1 )9 (P)5 * 35 34 C4g 822 P 2 23 35 C50 T22 p (1)5,6,7,8,9,10 (P)5,6,7,8,9. 24 36 C51 '1'22 l'~ i P 4,5,6,7,9,10. 25 30 C52 1'22 iid i P (1)2,3,4,5,6,8,9 (P)2,3 ,4,5, 6,9. . 26b 31 C53 T22 2d( I) I P (1)2,3,4,5,7 (P)2,3,4,5~ 26 32 C54 T22 2d(II) I P 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10. 28 38 C55 1'22 3d I P (1)2,3,4,5,6, 9 (P)3,5,6,8, 9,10. 30 40 C56 '£22 5d I 5,6,7,8,10. 31 33 C57 T22 6~ I 2,3,4. 35 34 C58 1'22 1/- I P 5,6,8,9. 31 33 059 022 6d I 5,6,8,g,10.

IpURCHASE E. P.A. LABEIS-LET OTHEas * (Gibbons did not use the Control number, C47) I KNO\·/ YOU ARE A Ml':MBER. -4- CONTROLS · ON THE OVERPRINT, ISSUES By Perry Adams Ca t. Nos. Face Sheet (E.P.A.#84 ) without Control Numbel's Value ~argins Control of ~mperf . IRISH OVERPRINT PLATES Stamp PI' Perf IN WHICH IT OCCURS Scott Gibhs Gibhs · Official 1 l:'

uver- ~ III. l'hom/ rintings, Wide ' ettiXl~ Rialtas i n · blte-black. Plates used, t wo. 40 48 C60 T22 ld I 1,2 41 4g C61 T22 lid I P- 1,2 42 50 C62 T22 2d(II I P (1)1 (P)1,2 43 51 C63 T22 1/- I P (1)1,2 ( P)2 39 ) 47 ) 39a) 47a) C64 . 022 ti;l. I P 1,2 40 48 C65 022 Id I P 1,2 IV • Thorn Overprintings (a) Saorstat, in blue-D~ack or red. Five plates used here. 44 52 C66 T22 id I P 3,4,5 45 53 C67 T22 Id I P 1,2 46 54 C68 T22 lid I P 1 47 55 C69 T22 2d(II I P 1,2 48 56 C70 T22 2id(R I P (1)1;3 (P) 1 50 58 C7l T22 4d( R) - P ? 51 59 C72 T22 5d I P (1)3,5 (P)2,3,5 53 61 C73 T22 9d(R) I p (I)3 (P)1;2,3 54 62 C74 . T22 10d I P (1)3 (P)1,2,3 55 63 C75 T22 1/- I 2 52 60 C76 002 6d I 1,2,3,4,5 44 52 C7"1 022 id I P 1,2 45 53 C78 U22 Id I P 1,2 46 54 C7g 022 l~d I P 2 49 57 C80 U22 3d I P 1,2 50 58 C81 022 4d( R) I 1,3 55 63 C82 022 iI- I p 1,2 44 52 C83 023 !d I P (1)3,4 (P)3,4,5 45 53 C84 023 Id I P 3 48 56 C85 023 2~d(R I p 3 50 58 C86 023 4d( R) I 3 51 59 C87 023 5d I 3 53 61 C88 023 gd( R) I p 3 55 63 C89 023 1/- I p 3,4 52 60 C90 V23 6d I 3,4 * 50 58 C91 V23 4d(R) P 3 52 60 C92 W23 6d I - 3,4 * (Only one known specimen of C90 with Perf margin) (b) Saorstat, in dull bla ck. Plates used here: 1,2,3,4 440 520 C93 T22 id I - 4 45e 53d C94 T22 Id I P( ? )(1)1 (p)? 47a 55a C95 T22 2d(II)I 2 52b 60b C96 022 6d I 1,2,4 46a 54a( ? C97 022 lid P- 49b 57b C98 022 3d I I~ 44c· 52c C99 003 id ( ? P (I)1 ( P)3 45e 53d CI00 023 Id P 3 52b 60b C10l V23 6d I 4 52b 60b C102 \'(23 6d I 4 -5- GAIlNAY-WNDON AIR MAIL FLIGHT (Cont'd from Fg. 3 ) North German lloyd Sea Post date cancellation and were again date stamped on arrival at Gal- way with the airplane cachet and the notation THIS IS IT! General foreign and new 1 $ ~ \Je million Itlmll "FIRST AIR I1AIL-GALWAY-WNDON.· It was dated U(>ek of I dacencd dealer I n hn ,u ln loti , re- II"lTd l!!!1 or tetllli "nlues. $I ilrlll gi moncy- August 26, 1929. Illl ek snrnlli a; l! ~~ free. Five bags weighing 66 pounds and containing £. LORIN L. KAY 5026 letters ~lere posted at Galway and bore BOll[ 489, Richland Center, Wis. the Galway cancellation August 2 6,1929.-"FIRS~ AIR J1AIL-GALWAY - LOIIDON. " All letters intended for transmission by the EJ'A >1O 7 Experimental Air Mail 'were required to be mark I ed "Exnerimental Air Mail-Galway-London." This Ml!11BERS ADHITTED SINCE NOVEMBER design~tion could be done by hand stamp, long- No. 114 William C. Scheetz hand or printing. 92 East Hain Street, Phelps, N.Y. The cachet was supplied to the Post Office b. ' 115 Dick ;,ilson the Galway Chamber of Commerce who sponsored RFD ,il Granite Falls, Washington the flight in conjunction with the North Ger- 116 Thomas 1i'. Brennan man Lloyd Steamship Co., Colonel Russell and 3641 Los Alamos,Sacramento 19, Cal. Messrs. Vickers Aviation, Ltd. 117 Nichael F. vladden Colonel Russell is still living but it is 357 \'Iest 51 St., New York 19, lIl.Y. unknown whether F/O Summers is still alive. 118 John J. Sheehy Information on thIs flight has been supplied 1607 Tremont Street,Roxbury 2 0,~~ss. by the Department for Posts and Telegraphs. 119 i-iilfred A. Hepworth HOME RULE ISSUE PUZZLES IRISHMAN 24 Highfield Ave.,Bradford,Yorks,~ng. IN WASHINGTON FOR SPEECH 120 Harry Edlich Late this summer,Roger Greene, a vi siting 896 First Ave.,New York 22, N.Y. Irish solicitor called at the Washington Star 121 George D. Stevens "What "s this home rule issue?" III saw a car- 917 ~. Wellington Ave., Flint 3, mch. to on yesterday on your front page by this man 122 James F. Norrissey Berryman. It was about home rule. I couldn't 145 Eutaw Ave., lqrm, l1assachusetts ~ake it out. Home rule--that's Ireland's old 123 Joseph W. Curran issue.""I said to myself, 'Shades of Parnell, 9605 Raymond Ave., Cleveland 4, Ohio Dillon and Redman~ what's this all about?" 124 Nat Peshkin '~hat is this all.ahout? Don't you have it?" 1745 ~ast lOth. St., Brooklyn 23,II.Y. He was tQld. "People in Washington don't 125 John F. Furey vote?" He said incredulously,"I must tell Net Life Ins. Co., 1 Madison Ave.NY 10 everyhody nbout that when I get home." 126 James A. G. Wise,Sr., At 39 he is the youngest solicitor ever to Box 547, nedbank, N.J. head the Incor!,orated La .. Society of Irel;md. CHANGES OF ADDrusS ~hile in this country he spoke in Boston Pat 41 John ','1. Travers erson.N.J. and Buffalo, New York. eNOS) 220 Geoffrey St., Toronto 3, Onto ,Can. IRISH CUiUlliNCY EXCHANGE tABLE 83 TIlomas F. Bannigan, Jr. TERMS ANQ AMQUNt nnl ',6D Val 26 Spring Dell, Rutherford, N. J. 20 shillings (20/) or 1 quid -~ 1 -- $2.80 84 Perry Adams 10 shillings (10/) or 10 'bob' -- 1.).10 RFD Fort Hurray, N. J. 5 shillings ( 5/) or 1 crown -- .70 LIFE MEMBERSHIP GRANTED 2 shillings & 6 pence (2/6) or ! cro,m .35 L 5- 6 Dr • Thomas F. Armstrong 2 shillings (2/) or 1 '' • 28 Susquehanna Universitv Selinsgrove Pa • 1 (1/) or 1 'bob' • 14 6 pence or (6d. ) or ?J shilling 'tanner' .07 EQUIVALENT GIBBONS AND SCOTT NUMBERS For those of you who are unfamiliar with GIBBONS f.lQQII , Irish currency and its conversion, this table i4o-lId AIRS C 1-4 should help to solve your problem. (Ed.) 144-145 WOLFE TONE 135-136 DUBLIN MAN HEADS ISRAELI RADIO SERVE E 146-147 LEINSTER HOUSE 137-138 Dublin-born Dr. Geoffrey Wigoder has been 148 }IANGAN 139 appointed in charge of English language broad J.19-12l HOLY YEAR 1L.0-~2 casts frOlll Jerusalem, which are heard by posTAGE DUES thousands of listeners in Britain. A graduate D 1-4 SE IN MONOGRAM J 1-4 of Dublin University, Dr. Wigoder, who is 31, D 5-8 MULTIPLE "E" J <;-8 lived in Dublin for many years before his TILl.. THE ADVERTISER family moved to Leeds. (NGS) YOU SAW IT IN -6- IHE_..REL'lfAlLER IRELAND'S By C(}IME}IORATIVES Covers. South First Street, Wm. THE CONSTITUTION** OF IRELAND covers Penn, (DARK ROSALEEN) (with printed f illers) to be mailed from. Erin, New York on March 17,1952. artistic, Humorousl Jr. In Ireland, Dearr ;:;~I~i;ld , 10¢ (stamps or coin) for sample or 25¢ I is the c (3) all different. Use for greeti ngs too. J; ~~~~~~==:::==fe;~:~:e~of. our "Uncle as a national symbol. She is shown on 'the commemor ative issued on December 29 , 1937 to mar k Consti tution Day. Rosaleen is shown ~~Jt~~~~~~~~~~~it~~~~~~~~ dressed in ancient Irish costume beside the J! ~eG"10n is Irish Harp (the national emblem) on both the for your benefit and convenience. Do you des- 2 pence ruby-colored and the 3 pence deep ire to exchange stamps or covers? Or, are you blue stamps which comprise this set. seeking elusive stamps or covers? Our rates The date of i ssue was the date on which the reasonable-First 10 words at $.35; addi ne~l consti t *tion, approved by plebiscite on July 1, 1937, came into ·force. It provided among other things, for the change in name of the country from the"Irish Free State" (Saor- The WaS stattireann) to ntiren, Ireland. 1878 and service begun in 1880. A line of On the right side of the desi gn, by R.J.lU.lng,jm:LJ..'" was constructed fran Ballycas·tle through! is shown a lectern bearing an open book in Capecastle, Armoy, , Strano cum and which Rosaleen bas been writing the opening to Ballmoney, where a junction was words of the new constitution, "In Ainm Na effected with the and Northern Count- Trionoide Ro-Naanhta". This is translated to ies Railway. mean that the supreme siominion of the Letter stamps used on this railway were is acknowledged; His devine assistance is in- ographed by Messrs. R. Carswell & Sons of voked, and Ireland's destiny is committed to fast. They were issued in sheets of nine, His care. On the lectern's front are shown ranged in three rows of three. There were the arms of the four provinces of Leinster, eral printings but no official record of them Connacht, Ulster and MuIlater . Below is inscr- is available. The six known printings are I ibed "Bunreact na heireann", Constitution of Printing Date Type Transfer Perf. Color Ireland. 1st. 1891? ? ? ? In the July 1948 issue of t he American Phil- 2nd. 1895 I 2nd. 11 Yellow-green atelist, James S. Couch wrote that there is 3rd. 1896 II 3rd. 11 Dull """,,,v,,,...,,,rI little to be found in the way of varieties in 4th. 1898 II 3rd. U Yello~l-green t his issue that cannot be traced directly to 5th. 1899 III 4th. 11 Deep green worn pl ates and t he i nevitable l apses in the 6th. 1901 IV 5th. 11 Bright green consistency of t he paper used . There are also The third and fourth printings may be the a consi derable number of inking varieties to same ; they vary in shades and are sometimes be found. to distill{,"Uish. A sheet o ~ the third On Hay 31, 1938 t hese stamps Here withdrawn pr inting is kno"'l'l -watermarked- from sale by t he government. "(1\'11 '96)." The IVh me'lJlS IVhatman.The second is similar in color to the Sligo, Leitr1m and Northern Counties stamps, which were current until

HAPS AND REVl!:ALERS AIlE AVAILABIE of Ireland are still available to members be procured by s ending 10¢ in coin to ISe,eretary Cl ark, 947 E. 32 St., Brooklyn 10, ~ ____~THE~~C~O~N~ST=I=TU~T~I~ O~N~OF~~IRE~'LA~ND~ ______-4B a(:k Copies of The Revealer may be obtained at each - while the suppl y l asts. Subscriptions to non-members are $2

Nr. pence Cross of Cong, now being offered for sale at Iri sh Post Offices. This Hill compensate L4TEST SLOGAN CANCELLATION . RECEIVED FR