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Home , Anne of Austria, Antonio Cesti, Armide (Gluck), Carlo Caproli, Carlo Farina, Charles IX of Sweden

Chronology The Early Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1600 , pastoral by Jacopo 1600 Henri IV, having divorced Margaret Peri (1561-1633) and of Valois, marries Maria de' Medici. (c1545-1618), given for wedding of Maria de' Medici and Henri IV of , . Rappresentatione di Anima, et di Corpo by Emilio de' Cavalieri (c1550--1602) performed before the Collegio Sacro, . G.M. Artusi publishes criticisms of Monteverdi's contrapuntal licence in his .

1601 (1567-1643) 1601 The Earl of Essex leads a rebellion appointed maestro di cappella at . against Queen ; he is tried for Luzzaschi publishes virtuoso madrigals treason and executed. composed for the ladies of . (c1557-1602) issues The Triumphes of Oriana, madrigals honouring Elizabeth I.

1602 Cavalieri (c52) dies, Rome. Caccini publishes Le nuove musiche, Florence. First book of madrigals by 1603 Death of Queen Elizabeth I; (1570--cl630) (with unfigured bass) and accession ofJames VI of Scotland as Cento concerti ecclesiastici by Lodovico James I of . Amnesty in Ireland. Viadana (c1560--1627) (with continuo) published, .

1604 Caccini family in at the 1604 'False Dmitry' defeated by Tsar invitation of Maria de' Medici. Boris of (d 1605). Incorporation of the Company of Musicians in . Lachrimae or Seaven Teares by (1563-1626) published, London. 50 pseaumes de David, polyphonic Psalter setting by Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck ( 1562-1621), published, Amsterdam.

1605 Monteverdi replies to Artusi's 1605 Death of Pope Clement VIII; criticisms in his fifth book of madrigals. election of Leo XI who dies, followed by The Ottoneum (first German court Paul V. Discovery of . theatre) opens in Kassel.

1606 Edmund Hooper (c1553-1621) 1606 Peace of between Habsburgs appointed first organist at Westminster and . Abbey. Joachim Burmeister (1564-1629) defines musical-rhetorical figures in Musica poetica, published in Rostock.

1607 Monteverdi's Orfeo performed at the Mantua court. His brother's further response to Artusi printed in Monteverdi's Scherzi musicali. Viadana publishes second book of Concerti ecclesiastici, with Miss a dominicalis (earliest liturgical ), Venice.

362 Chronology, 1600-07

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1600 1600 Foundation of the (1564-1616) writes English East India Hamlet (-1601). Company.

1601 Johannes Kepler (1571-1642) becomes court astronomer and astrologer to Emperor Rudolf II.

1602 Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) discovers the 1602 Persecution of laws of gravitation and Protestants in Hungary oscillation. and and violent 1603 Carlo Maderno recatholicization of Lower Beneho de Goes sets 1603 (1556-1629) completes Austria (-1603). out for India in search of the fa<;ade of S Susanna, Cathay, through eastern Rome. Turkestan.

1604 French settlement in Novia Scotia.

1605 Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra (1547-1616) publishes El Ingmioso Hidalgo Don Quixote de Ia Maniha. Publication of The Advancemmt rif Learning by Francis Bacon (1561-1626). Ben Jonson (1572-1637) writes Volpone.

1606 Shakespeare writes King Lear and Macbeth.

1607 John Thorpe (/11570-1610) begins Hatfield House -1611

363 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1608 (1583-1643) 1608 Protestant Union of German Princes appointed organist at St Peter's, Rome. formed under Christian of Anhalt and The royal printer Ballard issues his first Frederick IV of the Palatine. collection of airs, Paris.

1609 Heinrich Schiitz (1585-1672) studies 1609 Truce agreed between Spain and with (c1555-1612) in United Provinces. Venice. Caterina Assandra, a nun, publishes in . Francis Tregian begins compiling MS collections of English and Italian music (one became The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book) in a London prison (-1619).

1610 Giovanni Paolo Cima (cl570-1625) 1610 Assassination of Henri IV of France; publishes Concerti ecclesiastici (containing succeeded by Louis XIII (aged 9). and trio sonatas), Milan. Viadana publishes Sinfonie musicali ilB, Venice. Instrumental Fantasies by Eustache Du Caurroy (1549-1609) published, Paris.

1611 Lucia Quinciani's Udite lagrimosi 1611 Death of IX of ; spirti (first known solo monody by a succeeded by Gustavus II. woman ) published, Venice.

1612 Gabrieli (c57) dies Venice. Giovanni 1612 Death of emperor Rudolf II; de' Bardi (78) dies, Florence. Hans Leo succeeded by his brother Matthias. Hassler (47) dies, Frankfurt. Michael Death of Henry, Prince of Wales. Praetorius ( cl591-1621) publishes Terpsichore (containing French dances), Wolfenbiittel.

1613 Gesualdo (c52) dies, Gesualdo; 1613 Marriage of Princess Elizabeth, Artusi (c73) dies, Bologna. Monteverdi daughter of James I, to Frederick V, succeeds Gabrieli at St Mark's, Venice. Elector Palatine. Michael Romanov Parthenia or the Maydenhead of the First elected Tsar of Russia. Musicke that ever was printed for the Virginalls published, London.

1614 Adriano Banchieri (1568-1634) 1614 Civil war in France (also 1615). founds Accademia dei Floridi (later French settlements in north America Accademia dei Filomusi), Bologna. prevented by Virginian colonists.

1615 Congregazione deli' at S Barbara founded in Bologna. Frescobaldi publishes Toccate e partite d'intavolatura di cembalo, Rome.

1616Johann Hermann Schein (1586- 1630) appointed Kantor of the Leipzig Thomaskirche. Johann Staden (1581- 1634) publishes Harmoniae sacrae (early 1616 (1585-1642) first German sacred ), . appointed to French government.

364 Chronology) 1608-16

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1608 Publication of 1608 The Dutch Johann 1608 El Greco (1541-1614) Characters of Virtues and Lappershey (c1570- paints View of Toledo, Vices by Joseph Hall cl619) invents the Golgotha and the (1574--1656). telescope. Quebec Assumption (-1613). founded. 1609 The English Baptist 1609 Francesco Mochi Church founded in 1609 Henry Hudson (d sculpts The Annunciation in Amsterdam by John 1611) discovers Hudson's Orvieto Cathedral. Smith and Thomas Bay (-1610). Helwys.

1610 Galileo describes his astronomical discoveries in Sidereus nuncio.

1611 Publication of The 1611 The Descent from the Authorized Version of the Cross (-1614) painted by Bible. (1577-1640). 1612 Publication of The White Devil by John 1612 The Vision of Father Webster (c1580-1625). Simon painted by Shakespeare writes The Francisco Ribalta (1550- Tempest. 1628).

1613 Francis Beaumont (1584--1616) and John Fletcher (1579-1625) 1614 Santino Solari begins write The Knight of the Salzburg Cathedral Burning Pestle. (-1628), an early manifestation in Austria of the 1614 Translation of the Italian Baroque. El Odyssry by George Greco paints Betrothal of Chapman (1559-1634) the Virgin. begun (-1615; the Iliad was completed in 1611). 1615 Salomon de Brosse (1565-1626) begins work 1615 Cervantes writes part 1615 Willibord Snell on the Palais de ii of Don Quixote. (1591-1626) establishes Luxembourg, Paris. Inigo the technique of Jones (1573-1652) trigonometrical appointed surveyor of the 1616 Shakespeare (52) triangulation for king's works. dies, Stratford-on-Avon; cartography. Cervantes (69) dies, 1616 Gianlorenzo Bernini . Collected edition 1616 Galileo refuses to (1598-1680) sculpts of Jonson's works teach the Copernican Apollo and Daphne. Jones published, the first of its system despite designs the Queen's kind. Inquisition threats. House, .

365 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1617 Affetti musicali by Biagio Marini 1617 Treaty of succession between (c1587-1663) published, Venice. Schein Austrian and Spanish Habsburgs. War publishes Banchetto musicale, Leipzig. La between Sweden and . dilivrance de (ballet with music by Mauduit, Guedron, Boesset and Bataille) performed in Paris.

1618 Caccini (c73) dies, Florence. 1618 Rebellion in Bohemia, followed by Descartes completes his Compendium 'defenestration of '; beginning of musicae (pubd 1650). Praetorius publishes Thirty Years War. Walter Raleigh second part of Syntagma musicum (on executed. musical instruments).

1619 Pierre Guedron (c1570-1619) 1619 Archduke Ferdinand deposed as appointed surintendant of music at the King of Bohemia and Frederick V of French court. Teatro armonico spirituale by Palatinate installed; Ferdinand elected Giovanni Francesco Anerio (c1567-1630), . First American a vernacular oratorio with obbligato representative assembly meets, instruments, performed at the Oratorio Jamestown. di S Filippo Neri, Rome. Schutz publishes Psalmen Davids, Dresden.

1620 Mogens Pederson (c1583-1623) 1620 Battle of the White Mountain in publishes Pratum spirituale (early which Catholic League forces defeat polyphonic settings of Danish texts) in Frederick of Bohemia; Catholicism . imposed (also in Palatinate and Bearn). (c1555-cl635) publishes Flores de musica (earliest known Portuguese instrumental 1621 Expiry of twelve-year truce between music) in Lisbon. the United Provinces and Spain; war resumes and engulfs Central , 1621 Praetorius (c50) dies, Wolfenbiittel; involving all major powers. Sweelinck (59) dies, Amsterdam. 1622 Edict of Nantes confirmed, 1622 Hashirim asher lish'lomo (Songs of guaranteeing religious freedom for Solomon) by Salamone Rossi (1570- Huguenots. cl630) published in Venice by Leoda , whose preface defends 1623 Death of Pope Gregory XV; election polyphony in the synagogue. of Urban VIII (Maffeo Barberini), who inclines towards the French anti• 1623 (80) dies, Stondon Habsburg policy. Massey, Essex; (47) dies, London. 1624 Richelieu appointed president of the Council of Ministers; from 1629 he was 1624 Monteverdi uses stile concitato in chief minister and effectively ruler of Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda (pubd France. 1638), given in Venice. 1625 Death of James I of England; 1625 John Coprario (c1575-1626) succeeded by his son Charles I, who appointed composer-in-ordinary to marries , sister of Louis Charles I. La Libera;:;ione di Ruggiero dall' XIII. Parliament refuses to finance war isola d'Alcina, opera by with Spain. (1587--cl640), given in Florence. 1626 Defeat of the Protestant Christian IV 1626 Coprario (c50) dies, ? London; John of at Lutter by the Catholic Dowland (c59) dies, London. Formation League under Count Tilly, leaving North of the Vingt-quatre Violons du Roi in open to the League. Hugeunots Paris. revolt.

366 Chronology, 1617-26

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1617 Martin Opitz founds 1617 Guido Reni (1575- a literary society, 1618 English West African 1642) paints The Deeds of Fruchtbringende Company founded, Hercules (-1621). Gerard Geselleschaft, Heidelberg. establishing settlements van Honthorst (1590- in the Gambia and 1656) paints Christ before Ghana. the High Priest.

1618 The Marquise de 1619 Johannes Kepler 1619 Jones begins the Rambouillet founds the (1571-1630) publishes Banqueting House, first Paris literary salon Harmonices mundi. Dutch Whitehall (-1622). (-1650). colony founded at Batavia, Java.

1620 Pilgrim Fathers leave Plymouth in the Mayflower. Black slaves first imported into 1620 Bernini sculpts America. Cornelius Neptune and the Triton; Drebbel (1572-1634) Diego Velazquez (1599- constructs a thermometer 1660) paints The and demonstrates the Water-Seller; Honthorst first submarine. paints The Concert. 1620 Francis Bacon's Novum organum scientiarum, 1621 Refraction discovered 1621 Anthony VanDyck a work of philosophy of by Snell. (1599-1641) paints Rest science, published. on the Flight to Egypt. Bernini sculpts The Rape 1621 The first English 1624 New Amsterdam of Proserpina. newspaper, Corante, (later New York) founded founded (-1641). by the Dutch. First English settlement in 1622 Rubens begins 25 1622 Benedictine India. Henry Briggs vast canvases on the life University of Salzburg (1561-1631) publishes of Maria de' Medici for founded. Arithmetica logarithmica, the Palais de improving on John Luxembourg. 1623 First folio edition of Napier's method of Shakespeare's plays constructing logarithms 1623 Velazquez becomes published. (1614). Publication of court painter to Philip IV Introductionis in universam of Spain. 1624 Lord Herbert of geographiam by Philipp Cherbury (1583-1648), Cluver (1580-1622), the 1624 Frans Hals (c1581- forerunner of English founder of historical 1666) paints The Laughing Deism, publishes De geography. Cavalier. Building of the veri/ate. Wallenstein Palace, 1625 Sanctorius (1561- Prague (-1629), an early 1625 Honora! de Beuil, 1636) demonstrates the example of Baroque Seigneur de Racan use of a thermometer to building in Central (1598--1670), writes the measure body Europe. Bernini erects a pastoral comedy Bergeries. temperature in studying daringly original disease. baldacchino under the dome of St Peter's, 1626 Jardin des Plantes, Rome, a symbol of the Paris, founded as a richness and grandeur of physic garden by Louis the Baroque era (-1633). XIII's royal physician Guy de Ia Brosse.

367 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1627 Carlo Farina (c1600---cl640) publishes 1627 Albrecht von Wallenstein, a quodlibet for violin, Capriccio stravagante commander of the imperial forces, and (imitating other instruments and Tilly, subdue Holstein, Schleswig and animals), Dresden. Schutz's Dafne Jutland and take control of Mecklenburg (probably the earliest German musical and Pomerania. Richelieu besieges La work for the stage) performed for the Rochelle, centre of Huguenot rebellion. Dresden court in Torgau.

1628 Alfonso Ferrabosco the younger (c52) 1628 Gustavus II Adolphus of Sweden, dies, London; (c65) dies, alarmed by the Catholic threat, enters Antwerp. Schutz returns to Venice to the Thirty Years War and relieves the study with Monteverdi. siege of . Fall of La Rochelle

1629 Sigismondo d'India (c47) dies, 1629 Peace treaties between Christian IV ?Modena. Virgilio Mazzocchi (1597- and Emperor Ferdinand II and between 1646) appointed maestro di cappella at the Sweden and Poland. Charles I dissolves Cappella Giulia and Parliament after its resolutions (1605--74) at the Jesuit Collegio demanding parliamentary rights and its Germanico, Rome. Schutz publishes rejection of the Icing's excise taxes, Symphoniae sacrae, Venice. Lope de Vega's beginning 12 years of personal rule. La selva sin amor (earliest known Spanish sung drama) performed at the Coliseo del Buen Retiro in Madrid. 1630 Gustavus II marches into Germany. Wallenstein is replaced by Tilly. 1630 Alessandro Grandi (c52) dies; Bergamo; J. H. Schein (66) dies, Leipzig.

1631 Magdeburg is brutally sacked by the 1631 Margherita Basile becomes the first imperial army. War of Mantuan female singer in the Viennese Hofkapelle. Succession ends and Ferdinand II Giovanni Valentini (c1582-1649) appoints the Duke of Nevers, betrothed publishes Canone nel modo Salomonis for 96 to Louis XIII's sister, giving France a voices, Rome. foothold in .

1632 Il Sant'Alessio by Stefano Lardi 1632 Battle of the Lech: Gustavus II (c1586--1639), the earliest known musical Adolphus defeats Tilly, enters Munich setting of a historical subject, inaugurates and defeats Wallenstein at Lutzen, where the , Quattro Fontane, at the he dies; succeeded by his daughter, , Rome (possibly 1631). Christina.

1633 Perl (71) dies, Florence; Jehan 1633 League of Heilbronn formed by the Titelouze (c70) dies, Rouen. Schutz south German Protestants, with Sweden appointed Hofkapellmeister in and France. Swedish forces defeated at Copenhagen. Carlos Patino becomes first Steinau by Wallenstein. Death of Spaniard to serve as court maestro de Archduchess Isabella of the Netherlands, capilla at Madrid. which are now ruled from Spain.

368 Chronology, 1627-33

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1627 F. G. Quevedo y 1627 Kepler publishes 1627 Francesco Maria Villegas ( 1580--1645), a Tabulae rudolphinae, used Ricchino ( 1583-1658) great writer of Spain's to calculate the positions builds the Collegia Golden Age, publishes of the planets. Elvetico, Milan, an early his picaresque novel example of a concave Historia de Ia vida del fa~ade. Buscon. 1628 William Harvey 1628 Simon Vouet ( 1590-- 1629 Publication of the (1578-1657) publishes his 1649), court painter to Corifessio fidei, authorized discovery of the Louis XIII and leading by Cyril Lucar, Patriarch circulation of the blood. French artist, paints Time of Constantinople, Conquered. reinterpreting the Eastern Orthodox faith in Calvin- 1629 Daniel Mytens istic terms. Ferdinand II (cl590--l647), passes edict restoring to Anglo-Dutch artist, the introduces a new property secularized in elegance and grandeur 1555. into English portraiture 1630 Tirso de Molina with The First Duke of (1583-1648) writes El Hamilton. burlador de Sevilla, the first dramatization of the Don 1630 Georg Pete! (cl601- Juan legend. 1634) carves his major sculpture, the Ecce homo, 1631 The masque Chloridia for Augsburg Cathedral. ends the collaboration of and Inigo 1630 John Winthrop Ben Jonson 1631 Baldassare Longhena (1573-1652) with a (1588-1649) sails from Jones (1598-1682) begins quarrel over the priority England as Governor of Maria della Salute, of literature and the 'the Company of Venice with a vast dome arts. Friedrich von Massachusetts Bay in visual anchored to an octagonal (1591-1635) New England' and settles Spee base by huge Baroque denounces the prevalent in Boston. scrolls. Jones designs the persecution of witches. 1631 Members of the first London square, 1632 Philip Massinger Dutch West India Covent Garden (-1633), (1583-1640), a leading Company settle on the modelled on those he had dramatist of the post- Delaware River. seen in Italy. Shakespearian era, writes The Maid of Honour, after 1633 After the invasion of Boccaccio. Lope de Vega Lorraine by Richelieu, Carpio (1562-1635) 1632 Foundation of the Jaques Callot (cl592- writes La Dorotea, a major 1635) produces a series of novel in dialogue. Observatory at Leyden University; University etchings Les grandes miseres 1633 Publication of the Botanic Garden de Ia guerre. Jacob van Poems of established at Oxford. Campen (1595-1657) (1572-1631), greatest of begins his masterpiece, the 'metaphysical poets' the Mauritshuis, The (who include Herbert, Hague, on a Palladian Crashaw, Marvell, plan with a Dutch hipped Vaughan, King, roof. Pietro da Cortona Traherne and Cowley). (1596--1669) begins the William Laud ( 15 73- Allegory of Divine Providence 1645) becomes Arch- and Barberini Power for the bishop ofCanterbu Barberini Palace Rome. 369 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1634 Amsterdamsche Musijck Kamer 1634 Swedish defeat at Nordlingen marks founded. (1602--45) and the recovery of the Catholic cause; Simon Ives (1600-62) contribute music imperial troops conquer Wurttemberg to the London performances of Shirley's and Franconia. The Triumph of Peace, most spectacular of all English masques. (1596--1662) collaborates with Milton on Comus at Ludlow Casde.

1635 Schutz returns to Dresden. 1635 Peace of Prague between Emperor Frescobaldi publishes Fiori musicali, Ferdinand II and Elector Johann Georg Venice. Louis XIII provides words, of Saxony. Conflict continues with music and choreography for the Ballet de France and Sweden allied against Spain la Merlaison, given at Chantilly. and the Empire.

1636 Marin Mersenne issues first of four 1636 France invaded by Austrians in volumes of Harmonie universelle. Schutz Franche-Comte and Burgundy and by a publishes first volume of Kleine geistliche Spanish army in Picardy. Ferdinand II Con£erte, Leipzig. Buder publishes The dies; succeeded by his son Ferdinand III Pri11£iples of Musik, London. (-1657). Spain loses Artois to the French. 1637 Mazzocchi and Marco Marazzoli (cl605-62) collaborate on comic opera, Chi soffre speri, Rome. L 'Andromeda by Francesco Monelli (1594-1667) inaugurates the Teatro S Cassiano, the first public opera house in Venice.

1638 Monteverdi publishes Madrigali 1638 Bernhard of Saxe-Weimar (1604-39), guerrieri et amorosi, Venice. Schutz's Swedish commander, defeats the Orpheus und Euridice performed at Bavarians and captures Breisach, a Dresden. turning-point in the Habsburg-Bourbon power struggle. 1639 Landi (c55) dies, Rome. Andre Maugars writes an open letter from 1639 War between Scodand and England Rome comparing French and Italian forces Charles I to recall parliament. performing practices. Le nou;e di Teti e di Peleo by (1602-76) given, Venice.

1640 Monteverdi's Il ritorno d'Ulisse in 1640 Under Joao IV Braganza, patria given, Venice. The Whole Booke of becomes independent of Spain, to be Psalmes (first book in English printed in allied with France against her. Death of the New World) published in Elector Georg Wilhelm of Brandenburg; Cambridge, Massachusetts. succeeded by his son Friedrich Wilhelm, the Great Elector (-1688). Elections in 1641 by Francesco Sacrati England for the Long Parliament, in (1605-50) inaugurates the Teatro session until 1653. Novissimo, Venice. The Palais Royal theatre built in Paris. Gioanpietro del Buono publishes the earliest sonatas, Palermo. 1642 Outbreak of Civil War in England between Royalist and Parliamentary 1642 Schutz returns to Copenhagen as forces. Death of Richelieu; Cardinal Hofkapellmeister. Monteverdi's Mazarin (1602-61) becomes prime L'in£oronazione di Poppea given in Venice. minister, ruling France until his death.

370 Chronology, 1634-42

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1634 First performance of 1634 Jean Nicolet lands at 1634 Nicholas Poussin the Oberammergau Green Bay and explores (c1593-1665), greatest Passion Play, in gratitude Wisconsin. First English French artist of the 17th for deliverance from settlement at Cochin, century, in paintings such plague. Jean Mairet Malabar. as The Worship of the (1604-86) writes Golden Calf (c1635), Sophonisbe, the first moves to a more austere French play to conform classicism. Cortona to the rules of tragedy. builds SS Martina e Luca, Rome (-1650), the 1635 Pedro Calderon de Ia first great, homogenous Barca (1600-81) writes Baroque church. La vida es suefio, displaying the typical Spanish 1638 VanDyck paints I on Horseback Baroque themes of Charles worldly disillusion and (c1638); his paintings of 1637 Rene Descartes court personalities the vanity of earthly Stuart (1596-1650) in La profoundly influenced things. Richelieu founds geomitrie, introduces the the Academic Franc;:aise English portraiture. notions of constant and to perfect the French Francesco Borromini variable and demon- builds the language (Dictionary (1599-1667) strates that the properties S Carlo aile compiled 1639-94). ingenious of curves could be Quattro Fontane, Rome expressed algebraically. (-1641), a miniature on 1637 Rene Descartes an oval plan. (1596-1650) writes the 1638 Galileo publishes Discours de Ia methode, Discorsi e dimostra::,ioni 1639 Claude Lorrain demonstrating his matematiche intorno a due (1600-82), celebrated for philosophical system. nuove scienze, containing his ideal landscapes, Pierre Corneille ( 1606- the laws of the fall in paints Seaport at Sunset, 84) writes Le Cid, vacuum and the idea of commissioned by Urban introducing in French force as a mechanic VIII. drama the new theme of agent. conflict between duty or 1641 Jacques Sarrazin honour and passion. The 1639 Gerard Desargues (158~1660) executes the new Laudian Prayer (1593-1662) publishes eight caryatids on the Book causes a riot when the Brouillon projet, Pavilion de l'Horloge at used in Edinburgh. dealing mainly with conic the . Simon de La sections and originating Vallee (d 1642) designs 1640 The Augustinus of projective geometry. the Riddarhaus, Stock- Cornelius Jansen ( 1585- Jeremiah Horrocks holm, one of the first 1638) published, a (c1617-1641) records Scandinavian buildings in treatise on grace and observations of the transit the classical . human based on of Venus which he had the anti-Pelagian works predicted. 1642 Rembrandt van Rijn of Augustine (condemned (1606-69) paints The in 1653 by Innocent X). 1642 Abel Tasman (c1603- Night Watch, the 1659) embarks on the culminating work of the 1641 Luis Velez de most ambitious Dutch Dutch tradition of civic- Guevara (1579-1644) exploration in the guard portraits. Franc;:ois writes a picaresque and southern hemisphere, Mansart (159~1666), the satirical novel, El diablo discovering Tasmania first great exponent of cojuelo. John Evelyn and New Zealand but French classicism in (1620-1706) begins his unaware he had architecture, builds Diary, an invaluable circumnavigated Maisons-Lafitte (-1646), record of the era -I 706 . Australia. near Paris.

371 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1643 Marco Gagliano (60) dies, Florence; 1643 Death of Louis XIII; succeeded by Frescobaldi (59) dies, Rome; Monteverdi Louis XIV (aged 5). French troops (75) dies, Venice. Cavalli's Egisto under d'Enghien (Conde) defeat the performed in Venice (in Paris 1646). Spanish at Rocroi. Johann Andreas Herbst (1588-1666) publishes Musica poetica (first composition 1644 Royalist forces under Prince Rupert manual in German), Nuremberg. of the Rhine (1619--82) defeated at Marston Moor by Oliver Cromwell 1644 (c1595-1658) (1599-1658). Death of Pope Urban VIII; succeeds Monteverdi at St Mark's, election of Innocent X (Giambattista Venice. (1619-d665) Pamphili). publishes Il primo libro de madrigali, Venice. The last church organs in London ordered destroyed by Puritan 1645 Cromwell and New Model Army Parliament. defeat Royalists at Naseby; Royalist Oxford surrenders (1646). 1645 William Lawes (43) dies, Chester. Sacrati's Lajinta paa,a (1641) performed at court in Paris.

1646 Orazio Benevoli (1605-72) appointed 1647 Electors of Bavaria and Cologne maestro di cappella of the Cappella Giulia, break their neutrality to support Rome. Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632--87) Emperor Ferdinand Ill. and (c1597-1653) arrive in Paris.

1647 Rossi's Oifeo given (in Italian, with 1648 Peace of Westphalia ends the Thirty French prologue and ballets), Paris. Years War, with Sweden, France and Queen Christina of Sweden engages six Brandenburg making territorial gains French musicians to perform ballets at and independence of the Netherlands, Stockholm court. German states and Swiss cantons guaranteed. The first fronde in Paris, led 1648 Italian musicians flee Paris during by Parlement against the absolutist . Lully founds the Petit government of Mazarin, ends in uneasy Violons. Schiitz publishes the alliance. In England, Cromwell repulses monumental Geistliche Clwr-Musik, the Scots. Dresden. Henry Lawes publishes Clwice Psalmes, London. 1649 Trial and execution of Charles I; England declared a Commonwealth. 1649 Orontea by (1623--69) Cromwell brutally represses Irish given in Venice. resistance.

1650 Pierre Corneille, Dassoucy and 1650 Fronde of the Princes, a series of collaborate on Andromede uprisings (-1653); fear of anarchy at the Petit Bourbon in Paris. Kircher enables Louis XIV and Mazarin to publishes compendious Musurgia strengthen central government. universalis, Rome. 1651 Charles II, son of Charles I, 1651 Louis XIV dances role of the Sun in crowned king of Scotland but is defeated Benserade's first ballet, Cassandre, at the by Cromwell at Worcester and flees to Palais Royal, Paris. France; end of English Civil War.

1652 Henri DuMont (1610--84) publishes 1652 First Anglo-Dutch War (-1654), Cantica sacra (first printed collection of after Navigation Act aiming at trade petit motets), Paris. monopoly for English ships. 372 Chronology, 1643-52

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1643 Moliere Oean- 1643 Longhena designs the Baptiste Poquelin, 1622- double staircase for the 73) founds the Illustre monastery of S Giorgio Theatre in Paris (tours 1644 Evangelista Torricelli Maggiore, Venice. the provinces, 1645--58). (1608-47) invents the mercury barometer. 1645 Bartolome Esteban 1644 Antoine Arnuald Murillo (c1617-1682) (1612-94), with Apologie 1645 A group of scientists, establishes himself as the de M. Jansenius, becomes including Boyle, Williams leading painter in Seville acknowledged leader of and Watt, begin to meet with II paintings on the the J ansenists. regularly in London and lives of Franciscan saints. Oxford, leading to the Bernini works on the 1646 Jean de Rotrou foundation of the Royal celebrated Ecstasy of St (1609-50), to be Society ( 1662). Theresa, aiming to fuse Corneille's only serious sculpture, architecture rival, writes the tragedy and painting into a Saint Genest on a theme magnificent whole from Lope de Vega. (-1652).

1647 The Westminster 1647 Johannes Hevelius 1646 Alessandro Algardi Confession becomes the (1611--87) describes his (1598-1654) works on the definitive statement of discoveries about the relief Pope Leo driving Presbyterian doctrine in moon. Attilafrom Rome (-1653). the English-speaking world. 1648 Publication of Ortus 1648 Gerard Terborch the medicinae by Johannes Younger (1617--81) paints 1648 George Fox (1624-- Baptista van Helmont The Swearing of the Oath if 91) founds the Friends of (1579-1644), with the Ratification of the Treaty of Truth, later the Society results of his medical Miinster. of Friends, or Quakers. research including his invention of the word 1650 Jean de La Vallee 1649 Descartes publishes 'gas' for carbon (1620-96) completes his Les passiones de l 'D.me, monoxide. Mathematical father's Riddarhaus and attempting to reconstruct Magick by John Wilkins builds the Oxenstierna philosophy and to deduce (1614--72) brings new Palace in Stockholm, the existence of God. scientific ideas to a wider introducing the Roman audience. palazzo style. de 1650 Jeremy Taylor Ia Tour (1593-1652) (1613--67) publishes the paints The Denial of St first of two devotional Peter, showing his style as treatises, The IWle and the most personal and Exercise of Holy Living and poetic of the Holy Dying (1651), Caravaggesque painters. expressions of Anglican spirituality. Publication 1651 William Harvey of The Tenth Muse Lately describes his advances in Sprung up by the embryology. American Anne Bradstreet (c1612-1672). 1652 The German 1651 Jacob Jordaens Scientific Academy, (1593-1678), the leading 1651 Thomas Hobbes Naturae Curiosi, founded figure painter in Flanders (1588-1679) publishes at Schweinfurt. Dutch paints The Triumph of Leviathan, an attempt to trading station Frederick Hendrik for the base a theory of human established at the Cape of Huis ten Bosch, near The conduct on science. Good Hope. Hague. 373 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1653 L. Rossi (c55) dies, Rome. Lully 1653 Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of appointed Louis XIV's compositeur de Ia England, Scotland and Ireland. musique instrumentale. Teatro Malvezzi opens in Bologna. Masque Cupid and Death, with music by Matthew Locke (c1621-1677), given in London.

1654 (66) dies, Halle. 1654 Abdication of Christina of Sweden, Christina of Sweden's Roman palace who converts to Catholicism (1655). becomes an important musical venue. Le nozze di Peleo e di Teti by (c1617--c1693) given, Paris. Cesti's La Cleopatra inaugurates the KomOdienhaus, . Playford publishes A Breeje Introduction to the Skill of Musick, London.

1655 Inauguration of the Festival of Sons 1655 Sweden and Brandenburg fight over of the Clergy, London, giving rise to Poland and Prussia, which is ceded to annual music festivals in England. the Great Elector by the Treaty of Labiau. 1656 Carissimi appointed maestro di cappella 1656 France and England at war with del di camera by Christina of Spain (-1659); Dunkirk and Gravelines Sweden, in Rome. Davenant's Siege of retaken in 1658. Rhodes (earliest English opera, music by several ) given, London.

1657 Maurizio Cazzati (c1620-1677) 1657 Death of Emperor Ferdinand III; appointed maestro di cappella at S succeeded by his son Leopold I, elected Petronio, Bologna. La Tancia by Jacopo Holy Roman Emperor in 1658. Melani (1623-76) inaugurates the Teatro della Pergola, Florence. Cesti's 1658 Formation of Rhenish League under given, Innsbruck. Kerll's L'Oronte French protection, after Louis XIV's inaugurates the Munich court opera failure to win the imperial election, to house. balance Habsburg power in Germany. Cromwell dies; succeeded as Lord Protector by his son Richard ( 1626- 1658 Rene Ouvrard (1624-94) publishes 1712). Secret pour composer en musique, Paris.

1659 Christopher Simpson publishes The 1659 Resignation of Richard Cromwell; Division- Violist, London. Commonwealth re-established by the Rump Parliament. Peace between Spain 1660 Cavalli's Xerse (1654) given at the and France, with French territorial gains; Louvre, Paris, as part of the wedding marriage arranged between Louis XIV festivities for Louis XIV and Maria and daughter of Philip IV. Theresa of Spain. Schutz's Historia der . . . Gerbuth ... Jesu Christi performed in Dresden. Matthias Weckmann (c1617- 1674) founds Hamburg Collegium 1660 Restoration of Charles II to the Musicum. Juan Hidalgo (c1614-1685) English and Scottish thrones, after his and Calderon de Ia Barca collaborate on promise of an amnesty, liberty of Celos aun del aire matan (the earliest conscience (short-lived) and respect for surviving Spanish opera) in Madrid. changes in land ownership.

374 Chronology, 1653-60

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1653 lzaak Walton (1593- 1653 Giovanni Riccioli 1653 Fac;ade of S Agnese, 1683) publishes The (1598-1671) publishes Rome, by Borromini, one Compleat Angler, including Almagestum novum of his most typical folklore, songs, poems astronomiam, with compositions (-1657). and anecdotes. observations on the moon; he and Francesco 1655 Alonso Cano (1601- 1654 Friedrich von Logan Maria Grimaldi (1618- 67), sculptor, painter and (1604-55) publishes 63) perfect the pendulum architect, completes Salomon von Golaw, for the measurement of Immaculate Conception, a satirical epigrams. time. polychrome wooden statue. 1655 Emanuele Tesauro 1654 Francis Glisson (1592-1675) writes Il (1597-1677) describes the 1656Jan Vermeer (1632- cannocchiale aristotelico, a human liver. Blaise 75) paints The Procuress, treatise on literary Pascal (1623-62) marking the transition of theory. Sir William completes his treatises on his style from the early to Dugdale (1605-86) geometry and physics, middle phase. Velazquez publishes Monasticon continues his studies in paints Las Menifias, his anglicanum, on the history arithmetic and most complex essay in of medieval monasteries combinatorial analysis, portraiture (including a and churches (further and begins the calculus of self-portrait). volumes, 1661, 1673). probability. 1657 Louis Le Vau (1612- 1656 Blaise Pascal (1623- 1655 John Wallis (1616-- 70) designs his master- 62) writes his 18 Lettres 1703) publishes piece, the chateau of provinciales, aiming to Arithmetica injinitorum, Vaux-le-Vicomte (-1661). expose the immoral discussing curves. The gardens were laid casuistry of the Jesuits in out by Le Notre and the contrast to the rigorous 1657 Foundation of the interior decorated by Jansenist morality. Accademia del Cimento Lebrun, their first in Florence. collaboration. Bernini 1657 Completion of the works on St Peter's London Polyglot Bible 1658 Johann Rudolph Square, Rome (-1670). containing Hebrew, publishes Opera omnia Greek, Latin, Syriac, chemica and De natura 1658 Pieter de Hooch Arabic and Persian texts, salium, describing sodium ( 1629--84) paints The and the Samaritan sulphate. Courtyard of a House in Pentateuch. John Amas Delft, a masterpiece of Comenius (1592-1670) Dutch genre painting. publishes his educational work, Didactica magna. 1660 Poussin paints his 1660 (1633- last great series of 1703) begins his Diary pictures. The Four Seasons (-1669), covering the (-1664), the basis of Restoration, Plague and Lebrun's academic Fire of London, and doctrine and to be social and political enormously influential. information. John Dryden Jacob van Ruisdael (1631-1700) establishes (c1628-1682), greatest of himself as Stuart court Dutch landscape artists, poet with Astraea redux; paints The jewish Cemetery with the reopening of the 1660 Robert Boyle (1627- (c1660), contrasting London theatres, closed 91) publishes New man's transitory existence since 1642, he begins to Experiments with Nature's power of write p Ia y s. Physico-Mechanicall. renewal. 375 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1661 Lully appointed surintendant de Ia 1661 Death of Mazarin; start of Louis musique de Ia chambre by Louis XIV and XIV's personal rule, with Colbert (1619- the Anne de La Barre the first 83) his financial and economic adviser. female ordinaire de Ia musique de chambre. Locke appointed 'private composer-in• ordinary', 'in the wind music' and 'for the violin band' by Charles II. 1662 Marriage of Charles II to Catherine Davenant's The Siege of Rlwdes of Braganza, whose dowry includes inaugurates Duke's Theatre, London. Tangier and Bombay; Charles sells Christiaan Huygens publishes Dunkirk to France. mathematical basis for dividing the octave into 31 parts, in Novus cyclus harmonicus, The Hague. Rudbeck founds an orchestra, the Akademiska Kapellet, 1663 The Turks under Mohammed IV at the University ofUppsala. declare war on Leopold I; they advance through the Balkans until defeated at 1662 Marazzoli (c58) dies, Rome; Henry Vienna in 1683. Lawes (66) dies, London. The Ceremoniale parisiense (forbidding use of instruments other than the organ in church services) authorized by the Archbishop of Paris.

1663 The first Theatre Royal, in Drury Lane, opens in London.

1664 Johann Heinrich Schmelzer (cl620-- 1680) publishes Sonatae unarumfidium 1665 Death of Philip IV of Spain; (earliest German collection of violin succeeded by his cousin Charles II. sonatas), Nuremberg. Second Anglo-Dutch war (-1667), with James, Duke of York, commanding the 1665 Christopher Simpson (c1605-1669) English fleet. publishes The Principles of Practical Musick (later A Compendium of Practical Musick), London.

1666 The Accademia Filarmonica founded 1666 Great Plague of London, followed by in Bologna. Cesti's Nettunno e Flor the Great Fire, which in five days .festeggianti (Leopold I contributes an destroys most of the City, including St ), performed in Vienna. Paul's Cathedral.

1667 Johann Jakob Fro berger (50) dies, 1667 Thirteen Years War between Russia Hericourt. The Dresden opera house and Poland ends, with Smolensk and opens. Kiev ceded to Russia. War of Devolution: the French threaten the 1668 Cavalli appointed maestro di cappella Dutch Republic, which allies itself with at St Mark's, Venice. Blow appointed England and Sweden. organist of , London. Cesti's II porno d'oro given in Vienna in celebration of a royal wedding. Melani's operatic satire on absolutism, II Girello (prologue by Stradella), given, Rome. Bacilly publishes &marques curieuses sur ['art de bien chanter, Paris.

376 Chronology, 1661-8

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1663 Charles de 1662 The Royal Society 1662 Philippe de Saint-Denis, Sieur de receives its royal charter. Champaigne (1602-74) Saint-Evremond ( 1613- paints his famous Ex-voto 1703), writes Rijfexions sur de 1662, commemorating les divers genies du peuple his daughter's recovery romain, a pioneer work in from paralysis. making the study of 1663 Charles Lebrun ancient manners and (1619-90) becomes mentality a part of premier peintre du roi, history. Andreas director of the Gobelins Gryphius (1615-64) factory and director of writes Horrihilicrihifax, a 1665 Publication of the Academie. satire on the Thirty experiments by Grimaldi Christopher Wren (1632- Years War. explaining the diffraction 1723) designs his first of light. Giovanni building, the Sheldonian Domenico Cassini (1625- 1664 Armand de Rance Theatre, Oxford. (1626--1700) reforms the 1712) computes the 1664 Cano designs the monastery of La Trappe configurations of the four fac;ade of Granada to the rule of Reformed satellites ofJupiter Cathedral (c1664), the Cistercians, based on the discovered by Galileo first masterpiece of original spirit of Citeaux (-1668). Richard Hooke Spanish Baroque. Hals (known later as (1635-1703) publishes Trappists). La Thiba'ide, Micrographia, comparing paints group portraits of the first tragedy by Jean the spreading of light the Regents and Regentesses Racine (1639-99), vibrations to that of of the Old Men's Alms Houses (c1664), the produced by Moliere. waves in water. culmination of his career. Moliere writes Le .ffe. 1665 Vermeer paints The Lacemaker (cl665), one of 1665 Francois de La the most exquisite of his Rochefoucauld (1613-80) serene images of domestic publishes Maximes, a tour life. de force of 500 gnomic 1666 Peter Lely (1618-80) sentences analysing paints one of his most human motive. splendid portraits, Lady Byron; court painter since 1666 Colbert founds the 1666 Gottfried Wilhelm 1661, he introduced a Academie des Sciences in von Leibniz ( 1646--1716) modified Baroque style to Paris. writes De arte comhinatoria, England. elaborating a new system 1667 Claude Perrault 1667 (1608- of symbolic logic. (1613-88) begins the east 74) publishes Paradise front of the Louvre, one Lost, his greatest poem of the supreme master- pieces of the Louis XIV and the first important 1667 The French National style. Guarino Guarini original non-dramatic Observatory founded. work in blank verse in (1624-83) builds English. Cathedral, with an unprecedented cone- shaped dome. 1668 Jean de Ia Fontaine 1668 Anthony van (1621-95) publishes 12 Leeuwenhoeck (1632- 1668 Jan Steen (c1635- books of Fables (-1694), 1723), Dutch 1679) paints Twelfth drawn from Eastern, microscopist, confirms Night, a large canvas in classical and modern Malpighi's discovery of which life is treated as a sources. blood cap illaries. cornedy of manners.

377 The Early Baroque Era

MUSIC AND MUSICIANS POLITICS, WAR, RULERS

1669 Cesti (46) dies, Florence; Simpson 1669 After 21-year siege, Venice (c64) dies, London. Pierre Perrin and surrenders Crete to the Turks. Robert Cambert (cl627-1667) granted royal patents to establish 'Academies d'Opera' in Paris.

1670 Cavalli's Scipione a.ffricano (1664, 1670 Secret Treaty of Dover between prologue by Stradella) inaugurates the Louis XIV and Charles II, who in Teatro Tordinona, Rome. return for a subsidy breaks alliance with Holland.

1671 Lully and Moliere (with Quinault and P. Corneille) present their only tragidie-ballet, Psyche, at the Palais des 1671 Emperor Leopold I signs treaty with Tuileries, Paris. Pomone, by Cambert, France, promising neutrality if France given in Paris. attacks Holland providing that Louis XIV does not invade Spain or the Empire. 1672 Schutz (87) dies, Dresden; Jacques Champion de Chambonnieres (c70) dies, Paris. Lully acquires ownership of the Academie Royale de Musique, ends partnership with Moliere and begins new 1672 William of Orange elected one with Quinault: Les fltes d'Amour et Stadholder of Holland. Third Bacchus given, Paris. John Banister Anglo-Dutch War (-1674): English (cl625-1679) presents first known defeated at Texel in 1673 and withdraw concerts where admission is charged, in from conflict. London. Hidalgo collaborates with Guevara on Los celos hacen estrellas (earliest surviving zarzuela with music) in Madrid.

1673 Charpentier and Moliere collaborate 1673 Emperor Leopold I forms alliance on Le malade imaginaire, Lully and with the Dutch and declares war on Quinault on the first tragidie en musique, France. Cadmus et Hermione, in Paris. Locke publishes Melothesia (keyboard music with earliest instructions for realizing ) in London.

1674 Carissimi (68) dies, Rome. Pelham 1674 John Sobieski elected King of Poland Humfrey (c27) dies, Windsor. Lully's after defeating the Turks at Korzim in performed in Paris. A new 1673. of Austria, Holland Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, opens in and Spain, later joined by the papacy London. and Brandenburg, against France.

1675 Locke and Giovanni Battista Draghi (cl640--1708) compose music for Shadwell's English version of Lully's Psyche. Staggins and Crowne collaborate 1675 Turenne's death and Conde's on masque, Calisto, at Whitehall, retirement bring an end to French London. military victories and expansion.

378 Chronology) 1669-75

LITERATURE, SCIENCE, FINE AND PHILOSOPHY, TECHNOLOGY, DECORATIVE ARTS, RELIGION DISCOVERY ARCHITECTURE

1669 William Penn (1644- 1669 Kircher publishes Ars 1669 Le Vau begins, with 1718), imprisoned in the magna scienda, designed to Le Notre and Lebrun, to Tower of London, writes teach all disciplines transform the hunting- No Cross, No Crown, soon systematically. Marcello lodge at Versailles into a classic of Quaker Malpighi (1628-94), the grandest palace in practice. Jacques-Benigne pioneer in embryology Europe. Rembrandt Bossuet ( 1627-1704) and comparative paints two self-portraits, delivers his first great anatomy, publishes the last of a series (1629-). funeral oration 0n first full account of an Henrietta Maria. insect's structure; Jan 1670 Pedro Roldan (1624- Swammerdam (1627-80), 1700) executes his 1670 Baruch Spinoza in the same field, greatest sculpture, the (1632-77), DutchJewish publishes a history of reredos for La Caridad, philosopher, publishes insects. Hennig Brand Seville (-1675), Tractatus theologico-politicus, discovers phosphorus polychromed by J. de developing purely (c1669). Nicolaus Steno Valdes Leal (1622-90). rationalist religious ideas. (1638-86) publishes De Liberal Bruant (c1635- solido, a treatise on fossils, 1697) builds the Hotel 1671 William Wycherley founding the science of des Invalides (-1677), (1641-75) writes his first geology. Paris, with arcaded two plays, Love in a Wood courts of a Roman and The Gentleman Dancing 1671 Leibniz begins work gravity. Master, embodying acute on his calculating social criticism, machine. 1671 (1620- particularly of marriage 94) begins the Milo of 1672 Otto von Guericke and sexual morality. Crotona (-1682) for ( 1602-86) describes his Versailles. invention of the vacuum 1672 The Synod of pump. Isaac Newton Jerusalem, the most 1672 Willian van der ( 1642-1726) establishes important modern Velde (1611-93) and his the existence of coloured Council of the Eastern son (1653-1707) settle in rays in white light. Church, repudiates the England and paint Jacques Marquette and movement towards maritime scenes. Louis Joliet explore the accommodating River Missouri near . 1673 Edward Pierce modern Chicago (-1673). (c1635-1695) executes a 1673 Christiaan Huygens marble bust of Sir Christopher ( 1629-95) solves the Wren. problem of the compound 1674 Baciccio (Giovanni pendulum and states the Battista Gaulli, 1639- laws of centrifugal force. 1708) paints the Leibniz works towards illusionist Adoration of the the discovery of the 1674 Nicolas Malebranche Name ofjesus (-1679) on differential and integral (1638-1715) publishes his the ceiling of II Gesu, calculus (-1675). pantheistic La recherche de Rome, and the nave la viriti. 1674John Mayow (1641- vault, a masterpiece of 79) describes respiration illusionist decoration. and recognizes physici, the 1675 Philipp Spener existence of oxygen. 1675 Franc;ois Girardon (1635-1705) publishes (1628-1715) begins the Pia desideria, aimed at 1675 Royal Observatory, Richelieu monument in fostering a revival in Greenwich, founded, with the church of the German John Flamsteed (1646- Sorbonne, Paris. Wren (later known as the 1719) as Astronomer begins St Paul's Pietist movement . Roy al. Cathedral -1709 .

379 Index

Abbatini, Antonio Maria, 64 Anglebert, Jean-Henri d', 252, 255 Dal Male il bene, 65, 67 Anna, Empress, 150 academies, 87-8, 90, 104, 107, 115, 123-4, Anna de' Medici, Archduchess, 44 127-8, 160, 261 Anna Sophia, Princess of Denmark, I 7 7 accompaniment, 9-11, 52, 129, 130--1 Anne, Queen of England, 279, 280, 289, 291 Adelaide, Princess of Savoy, 42 , Queen of France, 227 Adolph, Johann Baptist, !58 Antoni, Giovanni Battista degli, 113 Agazzari, Agostino, 53, 57 Antoni, Pietro degli Eumelio, 57 sonatas, 110 Aglie, Filippo d', 41 Antwerp, 213 Aglie, Ludovico d', 40 music publishing, 7 Giudizio di Flora, II, 41 Aranjuez, 337 Agostini, Lodovico, 28 Archilei, Antonio, 133 Aguirre, Sebastian Archilei, Vittoria, 133 Mitodo de citara, 358 , 33, 35, 63, 95, 96, 98 airs, 224 Ariosto, Ludovico airs de cour, I 0 Orlando furioso, 26, 38, 62, 140, 242 Alabardi, Giuseppe, 87 Armagnac, Duke of, 240 Alamo, Lazaro del, 353-4 Arnhem, 216n8 Albergati family, 104 Arresti, Giulio Cesare, 109 Albert, Heinrich, 194 ars peifecta, I, 2, II, 12, 13 Albrici, Vincenzo, 170, 171, 174--5 Artusi, Giovanni Maria, 3, 26, 30, 108 Aldobrandini, Cinzio, 54 Auge, Paul, 227 Aldobrandini, Pietro, Cardinal, 347-7 Augsburg, 5 Aldrovandi family, 104 August, Duke of Saxe-Magdeburg, 177, 177 Aldrovandini, Giuseppe August, PrinceofSaxony, 165,175 Inganni amorosi scoperti in villa, Gl ', Aureli, Aurelio, 96, !56 116 Alcibiade, 97 Semiramide, 116 Ercole e Deianira, 96 Aleotti, Giovanni Battista, 38 Orfeo, 96, 98 Alexander VII, Pope, 66, 67 Austria, II, 146--63 Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, 28 academies, 160 Alkmaar, 212, 216n8 Jesuits, 158 Allegri, Gregorio lute music, 230 Miserere, 60 opera, 8, 17-18, 153-8, 154, 155 Amalteo, Aurelio, 156 , 158--9 Amsterdam, 5, 14, 207, 213, 215 Avila, 332 collegium musicum, 216n8 Aztec, 349, 350 music publishing, 7, 14, 213, 214--15 opera, 19 Bach, Johann Sebastian, 189 Oude Kerk, 208, 210 Christ lag in Todesbanden BWV4, 201 Anders, Hendrick, 212 Bacon, Francis, 283 Andreini, Virginia, 30 Badia, Carlo Agostino, 156 Andrewes, Lancelot, 293 Badoaro, Giacomo, 93 Anerio, Giovanni Francesco Balf, Jean-Antoine, 9, 143n3, 232, 261 Teatro armonico spirituale, 56 Bailly, Henry de, 227

380 Index

Baker family, 311 Gird, ou Le ballet comique de Ia Royne, 231-2 Balifre, Claude, 221 Beaumont and Fletcher Ballard, 7, 223-5 Knight of the Burning Pestle, The, 272 Pieces pour violon il quatre parties, 228 Bella, Stefano della, 15, 44 Ballard, Robert, 230 Benevoli, Orazio, 64 ballet, 9, 16, 17, 175--6 Benserade, Isaac de, ~22, 232, 240 Ballet de Flore, 240 Fetes de !'Amour et de Bacchus, Les, 243, 244, Ballet de !'impatience, 240 262 Ballet de Ia Galanterie du temps, Le, 228 Triomphe de !'Amour, Le, 245 Ballet de Ia naissance de Venus, 240 Bentivoglio family, 347n7 Ballet de Ia Nuit, Le, 233, 233 Benvenuti, Giovanni, 112 Ballet de Ia Prospiriti des armes de France, Le, 232 Berain, 264 Ballet de Tancrede, 232 Bergen, C., 167 Ballet des arts, 240 Bergerotti, Anna, 227, 231, 250 Ballet des ballets, 240 Berlin, 214 Ballet des muses, 240 Bermudez, Pedro, 35 7 Ballet des quatre saisons, 242 Bernhard, Christoph, 178, 193 Ballet des saisons, 240 Geistlicher Harmonien I. Teil, 193 ballets de cour, 176, 222, 227, 228, 230, 231--4, Geistreiches Gesangbuch, 172, 173 232, 233, 240, 245 Opernballett von der Wirckung der sieben balli, 17 Planeten, 177, 177 Baltzar, Thomas, 313 Bernini, Gian Lorenzo, 59, 60, 61 Banchieri, Adriano, 53, 107, 108-9, 113 Bertali, Antonio, 152 Cartella musicale, I 09 Inganno d'amore, L', 153 Organo suonarino, L ', I 09 Magia delusa, La, 153 Banister, John, 311, 320--1 Berthod, Blaise, 231 Musick; or, A Parley of Instruments . .. , 321 Bertoli, Giovanni Antonio, 152 Baraillon, 264 Betterton, Thomas, 318 , 59-60, 62, 64, 67, 71, 72 Beys, Charles de, 235 Barberini, Antonio, 49, 59, 60, 62 Bezzi, Tomaso, 97 Barberini, Francesco, 49, 59, 60 Bianco, Pietro Antonio, 148 Barberini, Maffeo see Urban VIII, Pope Bias de Castro, Juan, 339 Barberini, Taddeo, 60, 62 Blow, John, 316, 319 Barcelona, 339 Venus and Adonis, 318 Bardi, Giovanni de', 127-9, 131-2, 134, 142 Boccaccio, Giovanni, 62 Amicofido, L', 127 Bochan,Jacques, 314 Discorso mandato a Caccini sopra Ia musica Boesset, Antoine, 224, 227, 248 antica e'l cantar bene, 128, 132 Ballet de Ia Douaniere de Billebahout, 232 Mascherata del Piacere e del Pentimento, 134 Boesset, Claude Jean-Baptiste de, 248 Nuove musiche, Le, 127 Boesset, Jean-Baptiste de, 227, 240, 248 Pellegrina, La, 132, 133, 134 Boethius, 283 Bardi, Pietro, de', 128 Bologna, 4, 103-20, 105 Bargagli, Girolamo academies, 104, 107, 115 Pellegrina, La, 132, 133, 134 Accademia dei Filaschisi, 107 Barley, William, 288 Accademia dei Filomusi, 107 Barnard, John Accademia dei Floridi, 107 First Book of Selected Church Musick, The, 292 Accademia dei Gelati, 114, 115 Baroque, 2 Accademia Filarmonica, 107, 108, 109, 110 Bartolaia, Lodovico , 117 Inganni di Polinesso, Gl', 153 commedia dell'arte, 115 Sidonio, Il, 153 Concerto Palatino della Signoria, I 06, Ill, Basile, Adrian, 30 113 Bassano family, 311 concertos, 112 Bassano, Giovanni, 78, 85 Madonna della Galliera, II 7 , 7, 9--12, 30, 129, 291, 330 madrigals, 115 Bataille, Gabriel, 224 masses, 113-14 Bati, Luca, 131, 142 motets, 117 Bavaria, Electress of, 169 music publishing, 109, 117-18 Beauchamp, Pierre, 240, 245, 264 opera, 114-16 Beaujoyeulx, Balthasar de Oratorians, 117

381 The Early Baroque Era

oratorios, 116--1 7 Gradualia, 295 patronage, 104 sacred music, 113-14 Caccini, Francesca, 30, 280 S Petronio, 13, 105--7, 108, 109, 110-11, ATTUlrilli mia bella, 280 111, 112, 113, 114, 118 Liberazione di Ruggiero dall'isola d'Alcina, La, S Salvatore, 108 140 sonatas, 110 Caccini, Giulio, 10, 32, 55, 125, 127-8, 129, Teatro Formagliari, 115 131, 132, 133, 135, 142 Teatro Malvezzi, 115 Dafoe, 135 trio sonatas, II 0 Euridice, 16, 127, 137 violoncellos, 112-13 Nuove musiche, Le, 54, 56, 129 Bonampak,349-50 Nuove musiche e nuova mllniera di scriverle, Le, Boni, Stefano, 169 129 Bonini, Severo, 36 Rapimento di Cefalo, Il, 35, 39, 138 Bonometti, Giovanni Battista, 151 Caccini, Settimia, 38--9 Bononcini, Giovanni, 109, 156, 157 Cacilia Renata, Archduchess of Austria, 152, Bontempi, Giovanni Andrea, 167, 168, 169, !58 170, 175 Cadiz, 357 Apollo und Daphne, 177 Caiazzo, 138 Jupiter und jo, I 77 Caignet, Gabriel, 251 Paride, Il, 176 Calais, 5 Bony, Pierre, 251 Calderon de Ia Barca, Pedro, 20, 329, 336, Boretti, Antonio, 96 337, 343-5 Borghese family, 63 Celos aun del aire matan, 345 Borghese, Marcantonio, 49 Fiera, el rayo y La peidra, La, 344 Borghese, Scipione, 49, 59 Fortunas de Andr6meday Perseo, 339, 342, 344 Borgonio, Tomasso Laurel de Apolo, El, 344 Hercoli doTTUltori, Gli, 42 Purpura de La rosa, La, 345 Boscan, 340 Callot,Jacques, 139 Bourbon, Duke of, 245 Calvisius, Sethus, 191 Brade, William, 195 Cambefort,Jean de, 244 Braithwaite, William, 30ln26 Cambert, Robert, 235, 262 Brenner Pass, 5 Pomone, 20 Brescia, 14 7 Cambridge, 282, 286, 294 Breughel, Pieter, 211 Jesus College, 302n42 Bridgwater family, 316 Magdalene College, 310 Brionne, Comte de, 240 Stjohn's College, 302n42 Bristol, 302n42 Campion, Thomas, 275, 289, 298 Britannia Triumphans, 298 New W'!"s of Making Fowre Parts in Britton, Thomas, 322 , 310 Brugnoli, Leonardo, 112 Somerset Masque, 290 Bruslard, 228 cantatas, 33, 71, 117 Brussels Capillas, Lopez, 35 7 court chapel, 13, 207 Cappello, Bianca, 124, 126 music publishing, 214 Caproli, Carlo, 228 opera, 19 Nozze di Peleo et di Theti, Le, 234 Buckingham, Duke of, 275, 279, 316 Capuchins, 158 Buen Retiro, 329, 337 carillons, 212 Buli,John,4, 207,279,291,295 Carissimi, Giacomo, 65, 71 Buonamente, Giovanni Battista, 160 Giuditta, 67 Buonamici, F., 61 Sacrifo:io d'lsaacco, Il, 67 Buontalenti, Bernardo, 127, 133, 139 Carlisle, Countess of, 281 Burbage, 273-4 Carlo Emanuele I, Duke of Savoy, 32, 34, Burnacini, Giovanni, 156 40-1,43 Burnacini, Ludovico, 154, 155, 159 Carlo Emanuele II, Duke of Savoy, 41 Busenello, Gian Francesco, 93 Carlos II, 335 Buterne,Jean-Baptiste, 247 Caroubel, Pierre-Francisque Butler, Henry, 337 Terpsichore musarum, 228 Buxtehude, Dietrich, 189, 199, 200, 201, 202 Carracci family, 103 Byrd, William, 270, 288, 293, 295--6 Carracci, Agostino, 133

382 Index

Carrati, Vincenzo Maria, Count, 107 &pimento di Cefalo, II, 35, 39 Castellamonte, Amedeo de, Count, 42 Chichester, 270 Castiglione, Baldassare, , II, 12, 50, 52, 64, 222-3, 226--7, 247, Libro del cortegiano, II, 28, 130, 285 277-8 castratos, 53, 167, 231, 247 Christian Albrecht, Duke of Catalina, Infanta of Spain, 34 Schleswig-Gottorf, 197 Caterina de' Medici, 139 Christian IV, King of Denmark, 194 , Queen of England, Christian, Crown Prince of Denmark, 190, 194 316 Christian, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg, 177, 177 Catholic Church, 49, 50, 51, 52, 63, 170-1 Christina, Queen of Sweden, 9, 50, 58, 63, Cavalieri, Emilio de', 54-5, 133, 134, 138 66--72, 66, 236 Giuoco della Cieca, 149 Christine of Lorraine, Grand Duchess of &ppresentatione di AniTTIIl, et di Corpo, 55--6, 137 Florence, 24, 121, 132, 133, 138, 140, Cavalli, Francesco, 80, 82, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96, 141 115, 262 Christine, Duchess of Savoy, 41, 43 Egisto, 234 chromaticism, 1, 12 , 20, 234 Cianco, Baccio di, 342 , 67 Cicognini, Giacinta Andrea, 156 Musiche sacre, 78 Claude Lorraine, 6 , 68 Clediere, 251 Xerse, 20, 234 Clement VII, Pope, 121, 351 Cavazzoni, Girolamo, 27 Clement VIII, Pope, 134, 137 Cavendish, Michael, 275 Clement IX, Pope, 67 Cavendish, William, Duke of Newcastle, 285 Clement X, Pope, 67 Cazzati, Maurizio, 108, 109, 113, 118 Cleve, Johannes de, 148 Morte di San Giuseppe, La, 116 Clicquot, 24 7 sonatas op.35, Ill Closterman, John, 321 Cecchi, Giovanni Maria, 141-2 Cochin, N., 235 Cecil family, 275 Coke, Thomas, 286 Cecil, Robert, 1st Earl of , 280 Colasse, Pascal, 246 Cecil, William, Viscount Cranborne, 287-8 Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 221, 258, 262 Cernitz, Ulrich, 187 Coleman, Charles, 306, 308 Certain, 261 collegia musica, 193-4, 210 Cervantes de Salazar, Francisco Collignon, F., 61 Tumulo imperial, 354 Cologne, 214 Cesare d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, 127 Colonna, Anna, 60 Cesti, Antonio, 96, 115, !56 Colonna, Giovanni Paolo, 114, 116, 117 Nettuno e Flora Jesteggianti, !56 comici dell'arte, 88--9, 89 Porno d'oro, II, 154, 155, !56 commedia dell'arte, 89, 93, 115 Tito, 68 Como, 103 Chambonnieres,Jacques Champion de, 231, compagnie della calza, 86--7 236, 252 composition, 3, 7, 8, II, 54 Chambord, 240 concerto di donne, 28, 29, 30 Champmesle, Marie, 263 , 71 Chantilly, 240 concertos, 112 Chaperon, Frant;:ois, 256 concerts, 22, 320-2 Charles I, King of England, 270, 277, 278, concerts spirituels, 261 279,280,281,286,291,293,296,298, Conde, 240 299-300,305--6,309,314 Confidenti, 88 Charles II, King of England, 236, 307, 312, Conrad, David, 173 313, 314, 318, 319 Constantin, Louis, 230, 261 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 121, 122, Conti, Francesco, 160 336, 351, 354, 358 Conti, Princess of, 245, 261 Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, 146, 160 Convento del Carmen, 355 Charpentier, Marc-Antoine, 246, 257, 261, 264 Cooke, Henry, 311, 318 Malade iTTIIlginaire, Le, 244 Copenhagen, 194 Chartres, Duke of, 257 Copernicus, Nicolaus, 283 Chauveau, F., 244 Coprario, Giovanni Uohn], 270, 279, 286, Chein, Louis, 256 291, 298, 309, 312 Chiabrera, Gabriella, 40, 135 Cordier [Bocan],Jacques, 228, 280, 314

383 The Early Baroque Era

Corelli, Arcangelo, 2, 9, 70, 71, 72, 112, 212, Dilivrance de Renaud, La, 232 214, 252 Denmark, 185-6 Christmas Concerto, 21 Dering, Richard, 272,295,308 sonatas, 13, 14, 213 Desmoulins, Jean, 223 trio sonatas op.l, 71 Dessansonieres, 261 cori spezzati, 64, 79 Deventer, 216n8 Cornacchioli, Giaconto Dfaz, Gabriel, 339 Diana schernita, 59 Dfaz del Castillo, Bernal Correa, Matteo, 339 Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Corsi,Jacopo, 14, 16, 39, 131-2, 134-5, 137-S Nueva-Espana, 350 Dafoe, 135-6 Dieppe, 5 Corsini, Ottavio dissonance, 2-3, 12, 30, 108 Aretusa, 59 Donato, Baldassare, 84, 85 Corteccia, Francesco, 133, 134 Done [Dun], Louis, 251 Cortellini, Camillo, 106, 113, 117-18 Doni, Giovanni Battista, 71 Cortes, Hernan, 349, 351 Della musica dell'eta nostra ..., 71 Cortona, P. da, 61 Donne, John, 278,289 Coryat, Thomas, 82-3, 88 First Anniversary, The, 283 Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Dossi, Michelangelo Florence, 121, 122, 123, 124, 126, 133, Erminia sui Giordano, 62 134, 136 Dowland, John, 270, 289, 291, 295 Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Pilgrim's Solace, A, 289 Florence, 24, 82, 121, 123, 138 Dowland, Robert, 280 Cosimo Vecchio de' Medici, 124 Musicall Banquet, A, 280 Costaguti, Cardinal, 66 Draghi, Antonio, 8, II, 156 counterpoint, 2, 7, 10, 11-13, 108, 110 Almonte, 156 Counter-, 2, 12, 27, 51, 52 Atalanta, 156 Couperin, Frant;ois, 13, 230, 252, 255, 260 Mascherata, La, !56 Fastes de la grande et ancienne Menestrandise, Sagrificio non impedito, ll, 159 Les, 265 Draghi, Carlo Domenico, !56 Couperin, Louis, 231, 255 Dresden,4, 164-S4, 180,190 Coypeau d'Assoucy, Charles, 224 ballet, I 75-6 Cremona, 30 castratos, 167 Croce, Giovanni, 80, 84, 149 guilds, 179 Vespertina omnium solemnitatum psalmodia, Hofkapelle, 164, 165-76, 178, 179, 193 99nl3 Kreuzkirche, I 79 Cromwell, Anne, 286 madrigals, 178 Cromwell, Oliver, 286, 300, 308 music publishing, 167, 172 Cupeda, Donato, 156 opera, 19, 176--7, 177 Cutting, Thomas, 279 opera houses, I 77 palace church, 171-3, 172, 174, 175, Dallam, Richard, 294 182n22 Dallam, Thomas, 294 , 176 Dallo y Lana, Miguel Matheo, 357-S sacred music, 174 dance music, 195-6, 228-9, 314-15 Sophienkirche, 173, 182n22 Danckerts, Henry, 296 Tafelmusik, 178-9 Dante Alighieri , 179-Sl, 180 Divine Comedy, 105 Dryden, John, 21 Danyei,John, 279 Diiben, Gustav, 228 Dati, Carlo Roberto, 135 Dubut, 230 Dati, Michele, 135 Du Caurroy, Eustache, 226, 227 Dauphin, 257 Dufaut, 230 Davenant, William, 20-1, 316--18 Dufon,Jean Uuan de Namur], 336 Cruelty of the Spaniards in Peru, The, 317 Dumanoir, Guillaume, 228, 230, 260 History of Sir Francis Drake, The, 317 DuMont, Henry, 236, 245, 246 Siege of Rlwdes, The, 21, 316--17 Du Pradel, 260 David, Domenico, 98 Dupron, 228, 230 Day, Thomas, 295 Dupuis family, 222 Dedekind, Constantin Christian, 174 Dupuis, Hilaire, 227, 231, 236, 242, 250, 261 Del Bianco, Baccio, 344, 345, 346 Durham, 293, 302n42,307

384 Index

Duron, Sebastian, 331, 346 Farina, Carlo, 168 DuVal, Jean-Baptiste, 82,83-4 Farnaby, Giles, 275, 295 Farnaby, Nicholas, 281 East, Thomas, 295 Faustini, Giovanni, 94-5 Ebner, Markus, 160 , 94, 96 Ebner, Wolfgang, 151, 160 Faustini, Marco, 95 Eccles, Solomon, 311 Favier, 228 Ecorcheville, Jules, 228 favole pastorali, 85, 89 Edinburgh Febiarmonici, 43, 115 Holyrood Palace, 302n42 Fedeli, 153 Efrem, Muzio, 135 Ferdinand, Mlle, 245 Eglogue de Versailles, 243, 244 Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria, Holy Eleonora de' Medici, Duchess of Mantua, 36, Roman Emperor, 147 40 Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria, Holy Eleonora Gonzaga, Empress, 34, 159 Roman Emperor, 8, ll, 34, 147, 148, Eleonora of Toledo, Grand Duchess of 149, 151, 152 Florence, 122, 124 Ferdinand III, Archduke of Austria, Holy Ellis, William, 312 Roman Emperor, 151, 152, 153 emotion, 3 Ferdinand Karl, Archduke, 44 England, 3, 4, 14, 270-326 Ferdinand Maria, Prince of Bavaria, 42 basso continuo, 10-11, 291 Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of choirs, 277--8 Florence, 24, 121, 126, 132, 133, 133, concerts, 320-2 134, 135, 137--8 dance music, 314-15 Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Jesuits, 295--6 Florence, 15, 16, 121, 138, 142 lute music, 10-ll, 230, 279--80, 314 Ferdinando Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, 139 lyra music, 291 Ferdinando Gonzaga, Prince of Mantua, 36 manuscript music, 288-9 Fernandez, Gaspar, 357 masques, 9, 15, 16, 17,296--8,316 Fernon, 251 music education, 278, 282--8 Ferrabosco, Alfonso (i), 191 music publishing, 287, 288-9, 309-10 Ferrabosco, Alfonso (ii), 270, 275, 281, 290, music theories, 282-4 291 opera, 17, 19, 20-l, 316-18 Masque rif Blackness, The, 297--8, 297 organ music, 294 Ferrabosco, Mattia, 148 , 20-l Ferrara, 24, 28, 30, 347n7 sacred music, 292--6, 299 concerto di donne, 29, 30 songs, 288-90 Papal Chapel, 149 tablature, 310 Ferrari, Benedetto, 43, 45, 88, 91, 93, 115, 160 travel, 4-5 Andromeda, 85, 91, 115 , 312-13 figured bass, 7, 10-11 Ercolani family, 104 Filmer, George Erdmuth Sophia of Saxony, 176 French Court-Aires with their Ditties Englished, Ermiona, 89 280 Ernst Christian, Margrave of Finger, Gottfried, 322 Brandenburg-, 176 Fitzwilliam Virginal Book, 280, 288 Escorial, 335 Fleury, Charles, Sieur de Blancrocher, 231 Este family, 28, 347n7 Florence, 4, 5, 6, 9, 24, 25, 31, 32, 36, 39, 54, Este, Luigi d', Cardinal, 54 103,121-45,126,149,280,344 estilo espafiol, 330 academies, 123-4, 127--8 Estival, Guillaume d', 251 Accademia degli Alterati, 132, 134 Eton College, 302n42 Accademia degli Immobili, 138 Eugene IV, Pope, 106 Accademia dei Concordi, 138 Evans, Lewis, 321 Accademia dei Infuocati, 138 Evelyn, John, 315, 319, 322 Accademia del Disegno, 123-4, 127 Exeter, 307 Accademia della Crusca, 132 Expilly, Gabriel, 246 Accademia Fiorentina, 124, 127 Eyck,Jacob van, 207, 212 basso continuo, 129 Camerata, 127-9, 130, 131-3, 134 falsetto singers, 52, 53 Casino Mediceo, 138 Fanshawe, Henry, 275 Cathedral, 142

385 The Early Baroque Era

confraternities, 141 Franceschini, Petronio, Ill, 116, 117 Compagnia dell'Arcangelo Raffaello Francesco de' Medici, Grand Duke of detta della Scala, 142 Florence, 121, 122, 124, 126, 134, 149 La Purificazione, 142 Francesco Gonzaga, Prince of Mantua, 31, S Giovanni Evangelista, 142 35, 36 S Sebastiano, 142 Franck, Johann Wolfgang, 197-8 intermedi, 126--7, 141-2 Aeneas, 197 laude, 141 Charitine, oder Goettlich-Geliebte, 198 madrigals, 129, 130 Diocletianus, 197 musical notation, 129-30 Gliickliche Gross- Ver;:;ier Cara Mustapha, Der, opera, 9, 14, 15, 16--17, 25, 34-5, 37, 60, 197-8 135 Vespasianus, 19 7 opera houses, 138 Franco, Giacomo, 77, 88, 89 Palazzo Corsi, 14, 135 Franco, flernando, 354, 358 Palazzo Vecchio (Signoria), 124 , 354 patronage, 138-41 Frangipani, Cornelio, 86, 88 Pitti Palace, 135, 138 Frederick III, King of Denmark, 177 Ponte S Trinitii, 124 Frescobaldi, Girolamo, 2, 4, 59, 142, 337 recitative, 135 toccatas, 13 sacred music, 141-2 Friedrich August I, Elector of Saxony, S Lorenzo, 142 182n22 songs, 129 Frith, Marion, 273 Uffizi Theatre, 138, 139 Froberger,JohannJakob, 4, 160, 190,236 women composers, 140 Fux,JohannJoseph, II, 151, 156--7 Fludd, Robert, 282 Fontainebleau, 226, 240, 255 Gabrieli, Andrea, 5, 77, 80, 149 Fonteaux de Cercamanan, Anne, 231, 250-1 Concerti, 78, 82 Ford, Thomas, 279 Edipo tiranno, 87 Forme, Nicolas, 226, 227 Gloria, 79 Fortsch, Johann Philipp, 197 Gabrieli, Giovanni, 5, 8, 77, 79, 80, 149, 168 Foucart, Jacques, 194 Concerti, 78, 80 Fouquet, Nicolas, 239, 240, 258 In ecclesiis, 79 France, 218-69 motets, 78 academies, 261 Sacrae symphoniae, 78, 79 airs, 224 Sonata pian e forte, 80 airs de cou'r, I 0 Symphoniae sacrae, 78 ballet, 9, 16, 20 Gabrielli, Domenico, Ill, 113, 116, 117 ballets de cour, 176, 222, 227, 228, 230, Gage, Thomas, 355 231-4,232,233,240,245 Gagliano, Giovanni Battista da, 142 basso continuo, 10 Gagliano, Marco da, 31, 138, 142 castratos, 231, 24 7 Dajne, 36 choirs, 222-3, 226--7, 247, 278 Libera;:;ione di Tirreno e d'Arnea, La, 139 concerts spirituels, 261 Regina Sant'Orsola, La, 140, 140 dance music, 228--9 Gagliardi, Filippo, 58 instrumental music, 13 Gaibara, Ercole, 112 Jesuits, 256, 257 Galan, Cristobal, 346 , 233, 264 Galatea, La, 157 lute music, 223, 225, 230 Galestruzzi, G. B., 68 motets, 248 Galilei, Vicenzo, 126, 128, 129, 130-2, 136, music education, 255 142 music publishing, 7, 223-5, 254 Dialogo della musica antica, et della moderna, opera, 8, 17, 19, 20, 43, 234-5, 243, 262-4 128, 131 organ music, 24 7 Discorso intorno all 'opere di messer Giose.ffo recitative, 20 Zarlino, 131, 134 sacred music, 222-3, 255-7 Fronimo, 131 songs, popular, 258, 258 Gallot, Jacques, 230, 261 Theatins, 256 Gamble, John, 321 tournaments, 241 Gante, Pedro de, 351 travel, 4, 6 Gardiner, John, 299 women musicians, 245, 250-1, 252 Gastoldi, Giovanni Giacomo, 27

386 Index

Gatto, Simone, 148 Gonzaga family, 27--8, 36 Gaucquier, Alard du, 149 Gonzaga, Cesare, Prince of Guastalla Gaultier, 230 Caccia felice, La, 153 Gaultier, Ennemond, 279 Calisto e Arcade, 153 Gautier, Jacques, 279 Gottdorf-Holstein, dukes of, 201 Gaye, 245, 251 Gottorp, 201 Gazette, 231, 233 Goupillet, Nicolas, 246 Geertsom, Jan van, 213 Grande Mademoiselle, La [Mlle de Geffels, F., 154 Montpensier], 222, 239, 250 Gelosi, 86, 88 Grandi, Alessandro, 78 Genoa, 5, 6, 24 Grand Tour, 5, 7, 18, 23, 287 Germany,3, 164-205 Gravesend, 5 ballet, l 75-6 Graz, 147, 148, 149, 151 ballets de cour, 176 Greece castratos, 167 vocal music, 128, 130--1, 136 collegia musica, 193--4 Greene, John, 286-7 dance music, 195--6 Gregory XIII, Pope, 52, 53 figured bass, 10 Gregory, William, 307 guilds, 179 Grillo, Giovanni Battista, 151 impresarios, 196 Grimaldi, Giovanni Francesco, 68 lute music, 230 Grimani, Giovanni Carlo, 97 madrigals, 178 Grimani, Vincenzo, 97 music publishing, 167, 172, 195--6, 196 Groningen, 216n8 opera, 8, 9, 19, 20, 176-7, 177, 196-9, 198 Grossi, Carlo, 82, 85, 152 opera houses, 177, 196-7 Grossi da Viadana, Lodovico, 27 organ music, 187-90, 188, 199, 200--2 Guarini, Giovanni Battista, 30, 35 recitatives, 176 1dropica, L', 36 sacred music, 174, 188-94, 199-202 Pastor folo, 11, 26, 34 Tafelmusik, 178-9 Guatemala City, 354, 357 travel, 5, 6, 8 Guedron, Pierre, 224 trumpets, 179-81, 180, 196 Guerau, Francisco, 338 Gesualdo, Carlo, Prince of Venosa, l, 25, 30, Guercino, 103 31, 53, 178 Guerrero, 356 Geuzenliederboek, 212 Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, 27 Ghisilieri family, 104 Guichenon, 42 Giacobbi, Girolamo, 107, 113 Guidiccioni, Laura Andromeda, 115 Giuoco della Cieca, 149 Aurora inganMta, L ', 115 guilds, 179 Giacomini, Lorenzo, 132 Guillegaut, 245 Gibbons, Christopher, 312 Guise, Mlle de, 257, 261 Cupid and Death, 316 Gutierrez de Padilla, Juan, 357 Gibbons, Orlando, 270, 272, 277, 279, 281, 291, 293, 309, 312 Habsburg, 24, 51, 146-63, 329 Hymns and Songs of the Church, 295 Hacquart, Carol, 212 Giles, Nathaniel, 277 Hague, The, 216n8 Giles, Thomas, 279, 298 Hainhofer, Philipp, 178 Giovanelli, Ruggiero Hall, Henry, 319 madrigals, 53, 54 Halle, 214 Sdruccioli, Gli, 54 Hamburg, 5, 186-99 Giovanna of Austria, 122, 124 Akademisches Gymnasium, 190, 192, 194 Gissey, Henry de, 240, 242, 243 Catharinenkirche, 187, 189, 190--4 Giustiniani, Orsatto Cathedral, 193, 196 Edipo tiranno, 87 collegium musicum, 190, 193--4 Giustiniani, Vincenzo dance music, 195--6 Discorso sopra Ia musica, 71, 72n6 Gansemarkt theatre, 197 Gloria delle corone delle Margherite, La, 42 impresarios, 196 Gloucester, 302n42 Jakobikirche, 187, 188, 190--4 Gluck, Christoph Willibald von, 8 Johanneum, 190--1, 194 Gobert, Thomas, 246, 256 music publishing, 195--6, 196, 214 Gohory, Jeremy, 314 Nikolaikirche, 187, 190--4

387 The Early Baroque Era

opera, 19, 20, 196-9, 198 Torna il sereno Zefiro, 33 opera houses, 196-7 Indret, Fleurent, 231 organ music, 187-90, 188 Ines de Ia Cruz, Juana, 355, 356 Petrikirche, 187, 190-4 Ingegneri, Marc' Antonio, 30, 147 sacred music, 188-94 Innocent X, Pope, 63 St Michael, 193 Innocent XI, Pope, 67 trumpets, 196 Innsbruck,5, 156 Hammerschmidt, Andreas instrumental music, 13, 22 Missae, 167 intellectual property, 22 Hampton Court, 299, 308 intermedi, 9, 16, 17, 19, 35, 36, 38, 39, 54, 87, Handel, George Frideric, 8 89, 126-7, 141-2 , 4, 186 Isabella, Archduchess, 13, 207 harmony, 2, 3, 10 lssy, 235 Harms, Johann Oswald, 177 Italy, I, 3--21, 23--145 Hasse, Johann Adolph, 8 academies, 87--8, 90, 104, 107, 115, 123--4, Heather, William, 312 127--8 Hebert, Laurent, 251 accompaniment, 129, 130-1 Henri III, King of France, 86, 88 arias, 33, 35,63,95, 96,98 Henri IV, King of France, 24, 31, 34, 137, halli, 17 219, 220, 221 basso continuo, 10, 30, 129 Henrietta Maria, Queen of England, 270, cantatas, 33, 71, 117 278,279,291,295,305,306 castratos, 53, 24 7 Henry, Prince ofWales, 278-9, 280, 281, 296 choirs, 12, 50, 52, 64 Herbert, George comici dell'arte, 88-9, 89 Temple, The, 294 commedia dell'arte, 89, 93, 115 Hernandez, Juan compagnie della cal:!;a, 86-7 Graduate Dominicale, 355 composers, 12 Herold, Johann Theodor, 160 concerto di donne, 28, 29, 30 Hidalgo, Juan, 21, 331, 341, 345-6 concerto grosso, 71 Celos aun del aire matan, 345 concertos, 112 Fortunas de Andr6meday Perseo, 339, 342 cori spez;;ati, 64, 79 Pico y Canente, 346 falsetto singers, 52, 53 Purpura de Ia rosa, La, 345 favole pastorali, 85, 89 Hilton, John, 275 figured bass, 11 Hinges ton, John, 307, 308, 312, 321 Grand Tour, 5, 7, 18 Hinterleithner, Ignaz, 160 impresarios, 88, 91, 95 Hobbes, Thomas, 1 instrumental music, 13 Leviathan, 21 intermedi, 9, 16, 17, 19, 35, 36, 38, 39, 54, Hoby, Thomas, 286 87, 89, 126-7, 141-2 Hoefnagel, Joris, 272 Jesuits, 50-1, 54, 56-7, 88 Hohen-Rechberg,Johann Rudolph, Baron laude, 56, 141 of, 59 librettos, 72, 91 , 24 madrigals, 25, 28, 30, 31, 53, 54, 115, 129, Hooch, Pieter de, 214 130, 178 Hotman, Nicolas, 251, 261 mascherata, 16 Howes, William, 307 masses, 78-9, 113--14 Hudson, FUchard, 307 motets, 26, 78, 79, 80, 117 humanism, 1 music drama, 56, 57 Hume, Tobias, 275, 291 music publishing, 7, 9, 26, 109, 117-18, Poeticall Musicke, 289 213 Humfrey, Pelham, 318 musica segreta, 28 Hurtado de Mendoza, Antonio, 340 musical notation, 129-30 Huygens, Constantijn, 306 musicians, professional, 53 Pathodia sacra et prrifana, 10, 212 opera, 6, 7, 9, 14-21, 34-5, 43, 50, 55, 57, 60-4, 61, 67-9, 68, 69, 72, 75, 85, impresarios, 88, 91, 95, 196 87-98,112,114-16,135,234 India, Sigismondo d', 2, 12, 32-3, 38 opera houses, 88, 91, 96-7, 98, 138 Giudizio di Flora, ll, 41 Oratorians, 51, 54,56-7, 117 Musiche, Le (1609), 32 oratories, 55,56,64-5,67,69 Musiche e halli, Le (1621), 41 oratorios, 55, 116-17

388 Index

organ music, 80-1 Karl II, Archduke of Austria, 147-8, 149, patronage, 26, 33, 51, 86-7, 104, 138--41 151 piffari, 77 Karl VI, Archduke of Austria, !58 rappresentazioni, 85--6, 89, 90 Karl Liechtenstein-Kastelcorn ofOlomouc, recitative, 35, 39, 56, 95, 135 Prince-Bishop, 160 ritornello, 112 Karzinger, Augustin, 151 sacred music, 7, 12, 27, 50-1, 52-9, 78--85, Kassel, 228 113-14,141-2 Keiser, Richard, 199 salmi spezzati, 80 Keller, Gottfried, 322 sbarra, 16 Kemp, William, 273 sonatas, 13, 110 Kerll,Johann Kaspar, 160 songs, 129 Pia et fortis mulier, 158 , boy, 12 Keulen, H. van, 208 stile recitativo, 136-7, 138 Killigrew, Thomas, 317 theatre, 15, 16-17, 38, 44 King's Men, 273, 307 tournaments, 38, 38, 42, 43 Kirtling, 309, 313 travel, 4-9 Krembnitzer, Johann, !51 trio sonatas, 71, 110 Kromeriz, 160 trionfi, 76, 77, 79, 84, 98nl Krul, Jan Hermonszoon, 207 versi sciolti, 95 Kiisel, M., 155 Vespers, 80 Kytson, 271-2 violoncellos, 112-13 women composers, 140 La Barre, Anne de, 227, 231, 250, 261 Ithier, 251 La Barre, Joseph de, 247 Ivanovich, Cristoforo, 97, 98 La Barre, Pierre Chabanceau de, 231, 250, 261 J acchini, Giuseppe, Ill, 113 La Bruyere, 25 7 James I, King of England, 9, 271, 277, 278, La Fayette, Mme de, 261 288, 292-3, 296-7 La Fontaine, Mile, 245 James II, King of England, 9, 72, 319, 320 La Grange, 264 James III of England, 111 LaGuerre, Elisabeth Jacquet de, 252, 255, Janszen,J., 208 256, 261 Jaye, Henry, 311 LaGuerre, Michel de, 235, 255, 256, 261 Jeffreys, George, 290, 309 Lalande, Michel-Richard de, 230, 246, 255, Jenkins, John, 270, 291, 309 257, 260 Jesuits, 50-1, 54, 56-7, 88, 158, 256, 257, Lambert, Michel, 222, 224, 236, 240, 250 295--6 Lana, Ludovico, 29 Jews, 186-7 Landi, Stefano, 57 Johann Ernst, Duke of Saxe-Gotha, 178 Morte d'Oifeo, La, 57-9 Johann Georg I, Elector of Saxony, 164, 165, Sant'Alessio, 60-2, 61 166-7, 168, 169, 173 Lanier family, 275 Johann Georg II, Elector of Saxony, 166-7, Lanier, Alfonso, 281 168-75, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180 Lanier, Innocent, 281 Johann Georg III, Elector of Saxony, 166, Lanier, Nicholas, 4, 270, 275, 278, 280, 281, 176-7 288,290,298,299,305,306,316 Johanna of Austria, 149 Bring away this Sacred Tree, 290 Johnson, Robert, 279, 290, 298 La Pierre, Sebastian de, 279, 314 Jones, Inigo, 296, 297 Lassus, 191 Masque of Blackness, The, 297-8, 297 Laud, William, Archbishop of Canterbury, Salmacida Spolia, 15, 298 293, 296, 302n42 Jones, Robert laude, 56, 141 First Booke of Songs or Ayres, 289 Lauri, Filippo, 58 Jonson, Ben, 290, 297 Lauro secco, II, 28 Masque of Blackness, The, 297-8, 297 Lauro verde, II, 28 Oberon, 298 Lauze, F. de Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, 160 Apologie de Ia Danse, 279 Jourdan de La Salle, Bernard, 251 La Valliere, Mile de, 242 Lawes, Henry, 270, 275, 290, 306 Kapsberger,Johann Hieronymus, 59 Choice Psalmes, 284, 309 Karl, Archduke of Carinthia, 82 Paraphrase upon the Divine Poems, 295

389 The Early Baroque Era

Lawes, John, 275 Inner Temple, 286 Lawes, Thomas, 275 King's Musick, 275, 276, 278, 279, 281, Lawes, William, 11, 270--1, 275, 291, 299, 282, 305, 314,314, 321 306, 307, 309, 312 Lincoln's Inn, 286 Lazarin [Lazzaro Salami], 261 Little Lincoln's Inn Fields, 321 Lebegue, Nicolas, 247, 252, 255 lute music, 279-80 Le Brun, Charles, 244 music, 291 Le Camus, Sebastien, 251 manuscript music, 288-9 Le Cerf de La Vieville, Jean Laurent, 257 masques, 296-8, 297, 316 Leeuwarden, 216n8 Middle Temple, 286, 287 Legrenzi, Giovanni, 85, 152, 159, 198 music education, 278, 282--8 Leiden, 210, 216n8 music publishing, 213, 214,287, 288-9, Leipzig 309-10 Thomasschule, 191 music theories, 282-4 Lely, Peter, 311 opera, 9, 316-18 Lenclos, Ninon de, 261 organ music, 294 Le Notre, Andre, 238 Rutland House, 316 Leon, 332 sacred music, 292-6, 299 Leonora d'Este, 30 St Margaret's, 275 Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 8, 152, St Michael's, 294 156, 157 St Paul's, 273, 275, 277, 278 Lerma, Duke of, 337 St Stephen's Walbrook, 288 Le Rochois, Marthe, 251 songs, 288-90 Le Roy, Etienne, 226 Stationers Hall, 322 LeRoy de Beaumont, Philippe, 251 Swan Theatre, 274 Lestang, 245 tablature, 310 Le Vau, Louis, 238, 243 violins, 312-13 Liancourt, M. de, 233 Waits, 276, 280 librettos, 72, 91, 233, 264 Westminster Abbey, 275, 277, 320 Lichfield, 302n42 Westminster Hall, 320 Lienas, Juan de, 355 Whitehall, 15, 271, 296, 297, 305, 308, 318, Limido, Stefano, 337 319 Linares, Duke of, 356 York Buildings, 322 Lisbon Lopez Capillas, Francisco, 355 opera, 19 Loret, 231, 261 Livorno, 5, 6 Lotti, Cosimo, 19, 341-2 Locke, Matthew, 299,311,316,318 Louis XIII, King of France, 16, 225-6, 232, Be thou exalted Lord, 319 278 Cruel!)! of the Spaniards in Peru, The, 317 Ballet de Ia Merlaison, Le, 225 Cupid and Death, 316 Louis XIV, 20, 42, 219, 226, 230, 233, 233, History of Sir Francis Drake, The, 31 7 234,239,241-5,241,248,249,250, Little Consort, 310 252, 254, 258, 259, 260, 262, 264, 298, Present Practice of Musick Vindicated, The, 318 345 Psyche, 21, 318 Loulie, Etienne, 256, 261 Siege of Rhodes, The, 316-17 Low Countries, 4, 5, 6, 13-14, 206-17 London,4, 5, 9, 52,270,326 music education, 208-10 Banqueting House, 296, 300 music publishing, 7, 213, 214-15 basso continuo, 291 travel, 4, 5, 6 Blackfriars Theatre, 273-4, 307 Lowe, Edward, 313 Castle Tavern, 322 Lubeck, 186, 199-203 Chapel Royal, 270, 273, 276-8, 277, 281, Agidienkirche, 199, 200 292, 293, 295, 305-6, 313, 316, 318, Catharinenkirche, 199 319, 320 Cathedral, 199 choirs, 277-8 Jakobikirche, 199, 200 Company of Musicians, 276, 282, 300 Marienkirche, 199, 200, 201, 202 concerts, 320--2 organ music, 199, 200--2 dance music, 314-15, 315 Petrikirche, 199, 200 Fortune Theatre, 273 sacred music, 199-202 Globe Theatre, 272-3 St Catharinen school, 199, 200 Gray's Inn, 286 Lucca, 6

390 Index

Lude, Countess du, 261 Mannerism, I, 25, 26 Ludlow, 316 Mansart, Jules Hardouin, 238 Lugano, 5 Mantua, 17,24, 25,26-8,30,33--4,34,36 Lugario, John Maria, 280 Accademia degli lnvaghiti, 35 Lulli, Giovanni Battista see Lully, concerto di donne, 28, 30 Jean-Baptiste opera,34-7,39--40 Lully,Jean-Baptiste, 8, 11, 142, 221, 224, S Barbara, 27 239,246,248-9,249,250,252,255, manuscript music, 288-9 259, 262--4 Marais, Marin, 251, 260

Airs de trompettes, timbales et hautbois 0 0 0, Les, Marazzoli, Marco, 65 245 Armi e gli amori, Le, 67 Alceste, ou le triomphe d'Alcide, 243 263 Dal male il bene, 65, 67 Amadis, 263 Vita humana, La, 66, 67, 68 Amants magnifiques, Les, 240 Marburg, 4 Amour midecin, L ', 240 Marcello family, 98 , 263 Marche, Fran~t<>is de Ia ballets, 20, 228, 232, 235, 240 Opernballett von der Wirckung der sieben Bourgeois gentilhomme, Le, 240 Planeten, I 77, 177 Cadmus et Hermione, 263 Marenzio, Luca, 31 Fetes de /'Amour et de Bacchus, Les, 243, 244, madrigals, 53, 54, 178 262 Pellegrina, La, 132, 133, 134 Georges Dandin, 243 Margaret Board Lutebook, 280 Isis, 263 Margarita Teresia of Spain, Empress, 154, Mariageforci, Le, 240 155, 156, 337 Monsieur de Pourceaugnac, 240 Margherita de' Medici, 32, 37-8, 38 Princesse d'Elide, La, 242 Margherita of Austria, 34 , 263 , 31, 36, 41-2 Thisee, 263, 264 Maria de' Medici, Queen of France, 24, 31, Triomphe de /'Amour, Le, 245 34, 137 Lully, Jean-Louis, 266nll Maria Luisa Borboni, Queen of Spain, 70 Lupo, Thomas, 279, 298, 312 Maria Maddalena of Austria, Archduchess of lute music, 10--11, 223, 225, 230, 279-80 Florence, 24, 121, 138, 141 Liiuen, Peter, 196 , 336, 343 Luzzaschi, Luzzasco, 2, 28, 29 Marie-Therese, Infanta of Spain, Queen of Madrigali per cantara a una, doi e tre soprani, France,234, 239,241,256,259,345 28,30 Marie, Christophe, 221 Lyons, 5 Marinari, Oratio, 66 lyra viol music, 291 Marino, Giovanni Battista, 25, 40, 135 Marinoni, Giovanni Battista Mace, Thomas, 286, 294 Fiori poetici, 94 Machado, Manuel, 339 Marly, 240 Macque, Giovanni de Marseilles, 5, 6 madrigals, 53 Marsillac, Mode, 261 Madrid,4,328,329, 356 Marston, John opera, 19,341-2,342 Malcontent, The, 285 royal chapel, II Sophonisba, 274 madrigals, I, 9, 25, 28, 30, 31, 54, 115, 129, Martinelli, Caterina, 31 130, 178 Martini, Padre, 118 Magafulminata, La, 87-8, 91 Marvell, Andrew Magdalena Sibylle, Electress of Saxony, 173 Horatian Ode, An, 299 Magno, Celio Mary, Queen of England, 9, 314, 319 Trionfo di Cristo per Ia vittoria contr'a' Turchi, masques, 9, 15, 16, 17, 78-9, 113-14, 296-8, 86 297, 316 Magny,245 Mathieu, Abbe, 257 Malvasia, Cornelio, 115 Mattheson,Johann, 187, 190 Malvezzi, Cristofano, 134 Matthias, Archduke of Austria, Holy Roman Ricercari, 134 Emperor, 149, 150, 150, 164 Manelli, Francesco, 43, 45, 88, 91, 93 Maugars, Andre, 291 Andromeda, 85, 91, 115 Maurel, Antoine, 251 Manenti, Giovanni Piero, 134 Maurizio of Savoy, Cardinal, 32

391 The Early Baroque Era

Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, 149 Mariage ford, Le, 240, 264 Maya, 349 Monsieur de Pourceaugnac, 240 Mazarin, Cardinal, 20, 219, 234, 250, 262, Princesse d'Elide, La, 242 345 Mollier, Louis de, 251, 261 Mazuel, 228 Monferrato, Natale, 80, 85 Mazzocchi, Domenico, 59, 65 Moniglia, Giovanni Andrea Catena d'Adone, La, 59, 71, 115 Teseo, II, I 77 Mazzocchi, Virgilio, 64 Monmouth, Duke of, 9 Meares, Richard, 311 , I, 7, 10, 14 Medard, Remy, 261 Monseigneur, 245 Medici family, 16, 28, 39, 54, 121-7, 136, Mont Genis, 5 138--40, 139, 141, 142 Monte, Philippe de, 191 Medina,]. B., 314 Montespan, Mme de, 242, 243, 252 Mei, Girolamo, 128, 131, 142 Monteverdi, Claudio, 2, 3, 7, 8, 12, 27, 3{}-2, Mell, Davis, 307, 313 33, 35-6, 59 77' 82, 84, 90, 93, 94, Mell, Thomas, 300 107, 108, 135, 147, 151, 290, 309 Melli, Pietro Paolo Aminta, 38 Claudiana Gagliarda, La, 147 Arianna, 31, 36, 39, 40 Mendieta, 354 Ballo delle ingrate, II, 36 Menestrier, Claude-Fram,;ois, 41, 232 Combattimento di Tancredi e Clorinda, 87 Mercker, Matthias, 212 Incoronazione di Poppea, L', 21, 93, 96 Mercurefran(ois, 231 Madrigali guerrieri, et amorosi, 36 Mercure galant, 2, 254, 261 madrigals, 10, 13, 25, 30, 31, 32, 108, 178 Mercurio e Marte, 38, 38 Mercurio e Marte, 38, 38 Merseburg, 178-9 Nozze di , Le, 31 Mersenne, Marin, 247 Orfeo, 17, 21, 31, 35-6, 39, 40, 115, 137 Merulo, Claudio, 77, 80, 86, 191 Proserpina rapita, 87 Mesniel, Charles du Ritorno d'Ulisse in patria, II, 93, 115 Opernballett von der Wirckung der sieben Selva morale e spirituale, 78, 79 Plane ten, 177, 177 Tirsi e Glori, 31-2 Mexico, 349-60 Tre costanti, Le, 34 music publishing, 354 Vespers (1610), 28, 31, 35, 59 opera, 356 Monteverdi, Giulio Cesare, 3, 108 sacred music, 354-ti, 357-8 Monti, Giacomo, 118 Mexico City Monti, Pier Maria, 118 Cathedral, 351-2, 353-6 Montpensier, Mile de see Grande Michael, Rogier, 165 Mademoiselle, La Michie! family, 88 Montufar, Alonso de, Archbishop of Mexico, Middelburg, 216n8 352 Mignard, P., 249 Morales, Cristobal de, 354, 356 Mignon, Jean, 256 Morel, Nicolas, 226 Milan,4, 5, 24,27,337 Morelia, 356 Milton, John, 7, 290 Morelli, Cesare, 310 Comus, 316 Moritz, Duke of Saxe-Zeitz, 177, 177 Minato, Nicolo, 96 Moritz, Elector of Saxony, 178 Atalanta, !56 Moritz, Landgrave of Kassel, 165 Minaret, Guillaume, 246 Morley, Thomas, 288, 295 Mocenigo family, 87 Consort Lessons, 310 modal system, 109-10 Plaine and Easie Introduction to Practical Modena,9, 13, 24, 28,29, 32,45 Music, 282 Modena, Duke of, 115 Morselli, Adrian Moliere, 228, 264 Candaule, 97 Amants magnifiques, Les, 240 motets, 9, 12, 27, 78, 79, 80, 117, 248 Amour midecin, L ', 240 Motolinfa, Toribio Bourgeois gentilhomme, Le, 240, 265 Memoriales, 35{}-1 Comtesse d'Escarbagnas, La, 264 Moulinie, Etienne, 224 Fetes de /'Amour et de Bacchus, Les, 243, 244, Mouton, Charles, 230 262 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus, 8 Georges Dandin, 243 , 14 Malade imaginaire, Le, 244, 264 musica segreta, 28

392 Index musical notation, 10, 129--30 ornamentation, 10 music drama, 56, 57 Orologio, Alessandro, 14 7 music education, 208-10, 255, 278, 282--8 Orsini, Cardinal, 66 musicians, professional, 53 Orsini, Virginia, 54 music publishing, 7, 9, 26, 109, 117-18, 167, Ottoboni, Pietro, 49, 72 172, 195--6, 213, 214-15, 223-5, 254, Ouvrard, Rene, 256 28~ 288-9,309--10,327,354 Ovid, 16, 153 music theories, 282-4 Oxford,282,286,294, 298,312-13,320,322 Mutis, Bartolomeo, Count ofCesana, 149 Magdalen College, 302n42 Myriell, Thomas, 288 Music School, 309, 312-13 Stjohn's College, 302n42 Nantes, Mile de, 245 , 5, 6, 13, 18, 24 Pachelbel, Johann intermedi, 130 Canon, 21 opera, 116 Padovano, Annibale, 11, 80, 147, 148 Nau, Etienne, 279 Padua Neile, Richard, 293 opera, 89, 91 Neri, Filippo, 51, 54, 56, 65, 117 S Antonio, 149 Neri, Massimo, 82, 85 University, 5 Netherlands, 11, 13-14, 148, 186, 20&-17, Palafox y Mendoza, Juan de, 356 211, 214, 299, 306 Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da, 2, 11, 13, carillons, 212 25,27,52-3,54, 147,153,356 collegia musica, 210, 213-14, 216n8 Palla, Scipione del, 130 music education, 208-10 Palladia, Andrea, 87 music publishing, 7, 213, 214-15 Pallavicino, Benedetto, 27, 30, 31 opera, 19 Pallavicino, Carlo, 96, 116, 174 organ music, 187, 208, 211}-11 Pamfili, Benedetto, 49, 72 travel, 5 Pannocchieschi, Francesco de', 90 Niehoff, H.,208 Papa, Clemens von, 191 Nijmegen, 216n8 Parigi, Alfonso, 15, 18 Nivers, Guillaume Gabriel, 247, 252, 255 Parigi, Giulio, 139, 140 Noiriche, 296 Paris,4, 5,9,218-69,258,280 North, Lord, 309 Abbaye-aux-Bois, 257 North, Francis, 311 Academie d'Architecture, 261 North, Roger, 300, 308-9, 313, 322 Academie de Danse, 229, 245, 261 Notari, Angelo Academie de Peinture et de Sculpture, 261 Prime musiche nuove, Le, 280, 310 Academie de Poesie et de Musique, 143n3, Nozze degli dei, Le, 15 232,261 Nuevo Olimpo, El, 336 Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Nyert, Pierre de, 235--6 Lettres, 261 Nykiiping, 190 Academie des Sciences, 261 Academie Royale de Musique, 20, 224, Oaxaca,356,357 243,246,259,261,262,263,264,265 Odoardo Farnese, Duke of , 32, 37--8, academies, 261 38 airs, 224 opera,2,6, 7,8, 10,14-21,34-5,43,50,55, Assumption, 257 57,60-4,61,67-9,68, 72, 75,85, ballets de cour, 222, 227, 228, 230, 231-4, 87-98, 112, 114-16, 135, 153--8, 154, 232, 233, 240, 245 155, 176-7,177, 196-9,198,234-5, Cabinet du Roi, 227--8 243,262-4,316-18,341-5,356 castratos, 231, 24 7 opera houses, 88, 91, 96-7, 98, 138, 177, Chambre Royale, 225-7, 230, 248-52, 253, 196-7 261 Oratorians, 51, 54,56-7, 117 Chapelle Royale, 222, 225-7, 231, 236, oratories, 55, 56, 64-5, 67, 69 246-8,251,252,253,265 oratorios, 55, 116-17, 158-9 choirs, 222-3, 226-7, 247 orchestras, 22 Comedie-Fran~ise, 264 organ music, 81}-1, 187-90, 188, 199, 201}-2, Comooie-Italienne, 263-4 208, 211}-11, 247, 294 concerts spirituels, 261 Orleans, Duke of, 261 dance music, 228-9 Orleans, Gaston, d', 222-3, 232, 239, 262 Dominican convent, 255

393 The Early Baroque Era

Ecurie, 225-6,245,252-3 Historia der ... Geburth ... Jesu Christi, 174 Faubourg St-Germain, 221 Jupiter und Jo, 177 Hotel de Conde, 261 Peri,Jacopo,55, 128,131,133,134,138,142 Hotel de Ville, 259 Dafoe, 14, 16, 135-6 Jesuits, 256, 257 Euridice, 16-17, 34, 35, 39, 115, 135, 136, librettos, 233, 264 137, 138 lute music, 223, 225, 230 Precedenza delle dame, La, 140 motets, 248 Perini, Annibale, 148 music education, 255 Perrault, C., 241 music publishing, 7, 213, 223-5, 254 Perrin, Pierre, 227, 235, 262 Notre-Dame, 219, 222, 227, 256 Pomone, 20 opera, 19,234-5,243,262-4 Persiani, 91 Opera, 251, 264 Perti, Giacomo Antonio, Ill, 114, 116, 117 organ music, 24 7 Perti, Lorenzo, I 09 Palais du Louvre, 221, 229, 232, 240, 255 Peterborough, Lady, 314 Palais Royal, 233, 234, 240, 263, 264 Petits violins du roi, 228, 252 Petit Bourbon, 233, 234, 235, 264 Philidor collection, 228 Place Royale,220 Philidor, Andre Danican, 245 Pont Neuf, 258 Philip II, King of Spain, 122, 336, 353, 358 Port Royal, 25 7 Philip III, King of Spain, 34, 334, 337 sacred music, 222-3, 255-7 Philip IV, King of Spain, 329, 336, 337, 343, St Andre-des-Arts, 257 344,345,355 St Denis, 227, 256 Philips, Peter, 207, 280, 295 Sainte-Chapelle, 219, 222, 255-6, 257 , 24,32, 37,43 St Germain, 259 Piccinini, Alessandro, 347n7 St Germain-l'Auxerrois, 222 Piccinini, Filippo, 4, 337 St Gervais, 255 Selva sin amor, La, 342 StJean-en-Greve, 255 Picot, Eustache, 226 StLouis, 257 piffari, 76 St Merry, 255 Pinel, 230, 251 St Paul, 257 Pitoni, Ottavio, 64 St Sulpice, 255 Pius V, Pope, 124 songs, popular, 258,258 Plato, 283 Theatins, 256 Platter, Thomas, 273 tournaments, 241 Plautus, 86 Tuileries, 240, 24!,241 Playford, John, 310 women musicians, 245, 250--1, 252 Dancing Master, The, 315 Parma,24, 25,37-9,40--2,45 Introduction to the Skill of Musick, 310 opera, 60 Musicall Ba11fjuet, A, 306, 310 Teatro Farnese, 38, 38 poetry, I Parmigianino, 25 Poglietti, Alessandro, 160 Pamassus Musicus Ferdinandeus, 151 Poland, King of ( 1643-5), 12 Parthenia, 286, 287 Poliziano, Angelo Pasquini, Bernardo, Orfeo, 16 Applause musicale, 70 polyphony, I, 2 Applauso festivo, 9, 72 Pontormo,Jacopo, 25 Patino, Carlos, 339, 346 Poquelin,228 Patrizi, Francesco Porta, Costanzo, 149 Della poetica, 132 Porter, Walter patronage, 26, 33, 51, 86-7, 104, 138-41 Madrigales and Ayres, 290 Paul V, Pope, 59 Mottets of Two Vcryces, 309 Pecourt, 245 Portugal, 19, 20 Peerson, Martin, 275, 278, 295 Praetorius, Hieronymus, 189, 191 Mottects or Grave Chamber Music, 283 Praetorius, Jacob, 187, 189, 190, 193 Penna, Lorenzo, 109 Christum wir sol/en loben schon, 189 Pepoli family, 104 Durch Adams Fall ist ganz verderbt, 189 Pepys, Samuel, 310, 311, 314-15, 316, 318, Herr Gott dick loben wir, 189 321,322 Praetorius, Michael, 165, 191 Peranda, Marco Gioseppe, 178 Syntagma musicum, I 0 Apollo und Daph'IIIJ, I 77 Terpsichore musarum, 228

394 Index

Prague, 147, 149 Frommer und Gottseliger Christen Alltiigliche Premio della fatica, Il, 64 Hausmusik, 195 Price, John, 178 ritornello, 112 Priest, Josias, 315 Robert, Pierre, 246 prima pratica, 30, 108, !53 Rodriguez Mata, Antonio, 355 Priuli, Giovanni, 148, 151-2 Roger, Etienne, 214 Priuli, Girolamo, 88 Rogers, Be~amin, 308 Prynne, William, 273, 300 Rogier, Philippe, 334, 336 Puebla de los Angeles, 355, 356-7 Romano, Giulio, 25 Pujol, Juan, 339 Rome,4, 5,6, 9, 13, 27,32,49-74 Purcell, Henry, 3, 13, 21, 291, 316, 318, 319, Academie de France, 261 320, 321, 323 Accademia dell' Arcadia, 72 Collection of Ayres, Compos'dfor the Theatre, Accademia di S Cecilia, 53 A, 318 Accademia Reale, 71-2 , 21, 318 Arcadians, 98 fantasias, 13 Arciconfraternita del SS Crocefisso, 54, 65 Hail, bright Cecilia, 322 cantatas, 71 Puvigne, 245 Cappella Giulia, 52, 62 Cappella Liberiana, 52 Quagliati, Paolo Cappella Pia, 52 Ajjetti amorosi spirituali, 56 Cappella Sistina, 50, 52 Carro difedelta d'Amore, It, 64 castratos, 53 Quarles, Francis, 286 Chiesa Nuova, 7, 55, 55, 65 Quinault, Philippe, 243, 263 choirs, 50, 52, 64 Fetes de l'Amour et de Bacchus, Les, 243, 244, Collegio Germanico, 50-I, 57, 65, 67, 149 262 Collegio Romano, 50-I, 64 Thisie, 264 concerto grosso, 71 Triomphe de l'Amour, Le, 245 cori spezzati, 64 Rabel, Daniel, 232 falsetto singers, 52, 53 Racine, Jean, 263 Jesuits, 50-1, 54, 56-7 lphiginie, 244 laude, 56 Radolt, Wenzel Ludwig, 160 librettos, 72 Rameau, Jean-Philippe, 2 music drama, 56, 57 Ramos, Antonio, 353 music publishing, 7, 213 Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, 41-2, musicians, professional, 53 43 opera, 18, 50, 51, 55, 57, 60-4, 61, 67-9, rappresentazioni, 85--6, 89, 90 68,72 Rasch,Johann, 151 Oratorians, 51, 54, 56-7, 117 Ravenscroft, Thomas, 272, 295 oratories, 55, 56, 64-5, 67, 69 Raymond, Mile, 261 Oratorio dei Fiorentini, 69 Rebel, Anne, 245, 251 oratorios, 55, II 7 recitative, 7, 14, 16, 20, 35, 39, 56, 95, 135, Palazzo aile Quattro Fontane see Palazzo 176,342,344-5,346 Barberini Regensburg, 153 Palazzo Barberini, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 67 Reincken,Johann Adam, 187, 189, 197, 200 Palazzo Conti, 59 , I, 2, 4 Palazzo Rospigliosi, 7 Reni, Guido, 103 patronage, 51 Reutter, George, 160 Piazza di Spagna, 70 Richard, Fran~;ois, 227 sacred music, 50-I, 52-9 Richards, 230 Stjohn Lateran, 51, 52, 64 Richlieu, Cardinal, 218, 221 St Peter's 51, 52, 59, 64, 66 Richter, Ferdinand Tobias, 160 S Apollinare, 65 Rinuccini, Ottavio, 128, 132, 142 S Girolamo della Carita, 65 Arianna, 36, 39, 40 S Lorenzo in Damaso, 52 Dafne, 14, 16, 135--6 S Luigi dei Francesi, 52 Euridice, 16-17, 34, 35, 39 S Marcello, 65 Mascherata degli accecati, 131 S Maria in Trastevere, 52 Pellegrina, La, 133, 134 S Maria Maggiore, 51, 52-3, 56, 64 Rios, Alvaro de los, 339 S Spirito in Saxia, 52 Rist,Johann, 193, 194 Seminario Romano, 51, 57, 60

395 The Early Baroque Era

Sistine Chapel, 11, 51, 52, 53, 60, 62 St-Germain, Comte de, 240 Teatro Barberini, 59, 60, 66, 68 St Gotthard, 5 Teatro Capranica, 69 Salazar, Antonio de, 355-6 Teatro Tordinona, 68 0 sacrum convivium, 356 theatre, 89 Salisbury, 275 trio sonatas, 71 Salmacida spolia, 15, 298 Vertuosa Compagnia dei Musici, 53, 54 salmi spezzati, 80 Romero, Mateo, II, 344, 337, 339, 340, 346 Salmon, Thomas, 311 Rore, Cipriano de, 31, 77 Salvadori, Andrea, 141 Rose family, 311 Salzburg, 5 Rosilda, La, 87 Sandford, James, 320 Rospigliosi, Giulio, 59, 62, 64, 67-8, 71, 344, Sandys, George 345, 346 Paraphrase upon the Divine Poems, 295 Armi e gli amori, Le, 67 Sansoni, Giovanni, 152 Chi soffre speri, 62 Sansovino, Francesco Comica del cielo, La, 68 Venetia cittii nobilissima et singolare, 75, 77 Dal male il bene, 65, 6 7 Sansovino, J acopo, 75 Erminia sul Giordano, 62 Santa Cruz, Antonio de, 338 Palazzo incantato, Il, 62-3 Santurini, Francesco, 96, 98 Sant'Alessio, 60--2, 61 Sanz, Gaspar, 338 Vita humana, La, 67, 68 Saragossa, 332, 339 Rossi, Giovanni, 118 Sartorio, Antonio, 80, 90, 96, 198 Rossi, Luigi, 63, 65 Massenzio, 68 Orfoo, 234 Orfoo, 96, 98 Palazzo incantato, II, 62-3, 71 Sartorio, Girolamo, 197 Rossi, Salamone, 27 Sartorius, Erasmus, 191 Rotterdam, 5, 213, 216n8 Institutionem musicarum tractatio nova et brevis, Rouen, 5 191 Roullet, J.-L., 249 Saunders, William, 307 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques Savoy, 24, 25,32,40,43 Dictionnaire de musique, 2 Sayve, Lambert de, 148, 149 Rovetta, Giovanni, 78, 80, 85 sbarra, 16 Salmi concertati, !51 Sbarra, Francesco Rovigo, Francesco, 27, 148, 151 Nettuno e Flora Jesteggianti, !56 Ruckers, 214 Pomo d'oro, II, !56 Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, 149 Scacchi, Marco, 12-13 Ruetz, Caspar Scarlatti, Alessandro, 14, 72, 159 Widerlegte Vorurteile von der Bescha.ffenheit der cantatas, 71 heutigen Kirchenm.usik, 202 Equivoci nel sembiante, Gli, 71, 116 Ruzante, 86 Semiramide, 116 Scheidemann, Heinrich, 187, 189-90, 193 Scheidt, Samuel Sabbioneta, Ill Paduana, galliarda, , alemande, intrada, Sablieres, Jean Granouilhet, 261 canzonetto . . . , 196 Sablonara, Claudio de Ia, 347n9 Schein, Johann Hermann, 191 sacra rappresentazione, 61 Schmelzer, Andreas Anton, !56 Sacrati, Francesco, 91 Schmelzer, Johann Heinrich, 156, 160, 201 Bellerofonte, 90, 92 Schnitger, Arp, 188 Finta pazza, La, 43, 234, 235 Scholl, Dirk, 212 sacred music, 7, 12, 27, 50--1, 52-9, 78-85, Schop,Johann, 193, 194-5 113-14, 141-2, 174, 188-94, 199-202, Frommer und Gottseliger Christen Alltiigliche 222-3,255-7,292-9,299,331-3, Hausmusik, 195 354-6, 357-8 Schor, Christopher, 70 Sainctot, 222 Schott, Gerhard, 196 Saint-Aignan, Duke of, 240, 245 Schiitz, Heinrich, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12-13, 164-75, Saint-Christophle, Mile, 251 170, 178, 179, 181, 190, 193, 194 St Cloud, 240 Dajm, 176 StDenis, 5 Historia der . .. Au.fferstehung, 169, 174 Sainte-Colombe, 261 Historia der ... Geburth ... Jesu Christi, St Germain-en-Laye, 219, 226, 240, 255, 264 174, 176 396 Index

Kleine geistliche Concerte, 165 recitative, 20, 21, 342, 344-5, 346 , 171 royal chapels, 332, 334, 339 StJohn Passion, 174 sacred music, 331-3 St Luke Passion, 174 songs, 338-41 St Matthew Passion, 174 villancicos, 322--4 Symphoniae sacrae, 8 zarzuelas, 344 seconda prattica, I, 2, 3, 5, 10, 11, 12, 25, 26, Staudt, Johann Bernhardt, !58 30, 93, 115, 147, 290 Steen, Jan, 211,211 Segovia, 332 Sternhold and Hopkins Selle, Thomas, 191-3, 194 Whole Booke of Psalms, 295 StJohn Passion, 191-2 stile antico, II, 344, 355, 357 St Matthew Passion, 191 stile coneitato, 7 Senft, Ludwig, 191 stile rappresentativo, 14 Senlecque, Gabriel, 224 stile recitativo, 136--7, 138, 290 Serenissima, 75, 86, 90 Stivori, Francesco, 148 Seveigne, Mme, 261 Stolle, Philipp, 169 Seville, 332 Stradella, Alessandro Sevin, Pierre Paul, 69 S Giovanni Battista, 69 Shadwell, Thomas Strauss, Christoph, 150 Psyche, 318 Striggio, Alessandro, 31, 125, 133--4, 149, Tempest, The, 318 151, 191 Shakespeare, William, 272 Orfeo, 35 Henry VIII, 318 Strozzi, Giulio, 93 Julius Caesar, 273 Proserpina rapita, 87 King Lear, 284 Strozzi, Piero, 128, 129, 131, 132, 142 Macbeth, 318 Mascherata degli accecati, 131 Merchant of Venice, The, 284 Strungk, Nicolaus Adam, 197 Pericles, 284 Sweden, 185--6 Sonnet 128,286 lute music, 230 Tempest, The, 318 Sweelinck,Jan Pieterszoon, 13, 187, 189, Troilus and Cressida, 284-5 206--7, 208, 210-11, 215 , 285 Winter's Tale, The, 284 tablature, 10, 310, 358 Shirley, James Tadei, Alessandro, 148, 149 Cupid and Death, 316 Tafelmusik, 178-9 Sidney, Philip, 289 Tallis, Thomas, 288, 293, 295 Siefert, Paul, 12 Tasso, Torquato, 30, 35, 40, 135 Siena, 6 Aminta, 26, 38 Silvani, Marino, 118 Gerusalemme liberata, 26, 62 Silvestre, 1., 229, 242 Taverner, John Simpson, Christopher, 291, 312 Gloria tibi Trinitas, 290 Sixtus V, Pope, 52, 53 Techelmann, Georg Matthias, 160 Smart, Peter, 293 Terence, 86 Solimano, 87 Tergian, Francis, 288 sonatas, 13, 110 Tesauro, Abbe, 43 songs, 10,129,288-90,338-41 Texcoco, 351 songs, popular, 258, 258 Theatins, 256 Sonnet, Martin theatre, 15, 16--19, 38, 44 Ceremoniale parisiensis, 222 Theile, Johann, 197,200 Sophia Hedwig, Princess ofSaxe-Merseburg, Erscha.ffene, und gefallene und au.ffgerichtete 178 Mensch, Der, 197 SophoGles, 87 Thomas, Jan, 157 sopranos, boy, 12 Thomelin,Jacques, 247 Soriano, Francesco, 27 Tiphaine, 251 Sorlisi, Bartolomeo, 170 toccatas, 13 Spa,5 Toledo, 332 Spain, 4, 11, 24, 327--48 Capilla de los Reyes Nuevos, 334 basso continuo, 10, 330 Tomkins, Thomas, 270, 277, 291, 293, 295, music publishing, 327 300 opera, 19, 20, 21, 341-5 tonality, 109-10

397 The Early Baroque Era

Torelli, Giacomo, 19, 90, 92, 234, 235 comici dell'arte, 88--9, 89 Torelli, Giuseppe, 112, 214, 215 commedia dell'arte, 89, 93 Torquemada, Juan de compagnie della cal;;a, 86--7 Monarquia indiana, 352, 354 cori spe;;;;ati, 79 tournaments, 38, 38, 42, 43, 241 Doge, 76,81 Tournier, Nicolas, 225 Doge's Palace, 77, 81, 86 travel, 4-9, 18 favole pastorali, 85, 89 Tricarico, Giuseppe, 153 Frari, 82 Almonte, !56 impresarios, 88, 91, 95 trionji, 76, 77, 79, 84, 98n1 intermedi, 87, 89 trio sonatas, 71, 110 librettos, 91 Troilus a Lessoth, Franciscus Godefridus, masses, 78--9 147 Misericordia, 84 Tron brothers, 88, 89 motets, 78, 79, 80 trumpets, 179--81,180,..196 music publishing, 7, 26, 213 Tudway, Thomas, 319 opera, 6, 9, 17-20, 43, 67, 68, 75, 85, Tunder, Franz, 201-2 87-98, 112, 115, 116 Turin,5, 32,41-2,43,347n7 opera houses, 88, 91, 96--7, 98, 196 Turner, William, 319 organ music, 80--1 24 Violins, 313, 316,320 ospedali, 84-5, 98 24 Violons du Roi, 228, 230, 236, 252, 253, Derelitti, 85 260, 278, 313 Mendicanti, 85 Tzschimmer, Georg, 180 Palazzo Mocenigo, 87 patronage, 86--7 Ugo, Felicita, 87-8, 91 piffari, 76 Ulloa, Luis de rappresenta;;ioni, 85-6, 89, 90 Pico y Canente, 346 sacred music, 7, 12, 78-85 Ulrich, Heinrich, 150 St Mark's, 7, 31, 75-85, 76, 81, 86, 87, 89, Unione perla peregrina margherita reate e celeste, 90,98 L',42 salmi spe;;;;ati, 80 Urban VIII, Pope, 53, 59--60, 65, 71 S Apollinare, 95 Urbino, 24 S Giovanni Evangelista, 84 Utrecht, 207, 212 S Marco, 84 collegium musicum, 213-14 S Maria della Carita, 84 S Maria della Salute, 79 Vaet,Jaeobus, 147 S Pietro in Castello, 77 Valencia, 332 S Rocco, 84 Valentini, Giovanni, 8, 148, 151-2, 160 S Salvatore, 82, 84 Valeriano, Geronimo, 29 S Teodoro, 84 , 332, 333, 336 SS Giovanni e Paolo, 82 Valle, Piero della scuole grandi, 82-3 Della musica dell'eta nostra che none punto Teatro Giustinian, 91 i'!feriore, anzi e migliore di quella dell'eta Teatro Grimani, 91, 97, 98 passata, 71 Teatro Novissimo, 91, 92, 93 Vallet, Nicolas, 212 Teatro S Angelo, 98 Vallett, Adam, 280, 314 Teatro S Cassiano, 85, 88, 91, 93, 94, 95 Vautor, Thomas, 275 Teatro S Giovanni Grisostomo, 97, 98 Vaux-le-Vicomte, 240 Teatro S Moise, 91, 96 Vecchi, Orazio, 151 Teatro S Salvatore, 95, 96 Vega, Garcilaso de Ia, 340 Teatro SS Giovanni e Paolo, 91, 93, 95, 96 Vega, Lope de, 329, 336 Teatro Vendramin, 95 Selva sin amor, La, 341-2, 343 trionji, 76, 77, 79, 84, 98n1 Veillot,Jean, 227, 246 Vespers, 80 Velazquez, Diego, 329, 331 Ventura, Santo, 156 Velez de Guevara, Luis, 336 Vernizzi, Ottavio, 115 Venice, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 24, 25, 33, Versailles, 43, 219, 238, 241-5, 242, 244, 251, 75-102,103,149,168,196,213,280 255 academies, 87-8, 90 versi sciolti, 95 Accademia degli Incogniti, 88, 93 Vespers, 80 Accademia dei Sollevati, 87 Viadana, Lodovico, 151

398 Index

Cento concerti ecclesiastici, 79-80 VVeckmann, Matthias, 173, 187, 190, 193 Vicenza VVeelkes, Thomas, 270, 272, 291 Accademia Olimpica, 87 VV eissenfels, 17 5 Teatro Olimpico, 87 VVeller,Jacob, 169 Victoria, Juan de, 354 VVells, 302n42 Victoria, Tomas Luis de, 151 VVert, Giaches de, 27, 30, 31, 191 Vienna,4,51, 146-63 VVesthoff,Johann Paul von, 254 academies, 160 VVilbye,John, 271, 275 Hofkapelle, 8, IJ, 146, 152, 156, 157, 159 First Set of English Madrigals, 272 Hofmusik, 146 VVillaert, Adrian, 77 Jesuits, 158 VVilliam, King of England, 319 opera, 17-18, 153-8, 154, 155 VVilson,John, 270, 290, 312-13 oratorios, 158-9 Psalterium Carolinum . . . , 309 Schottenstift (Unsere Liebe Frau zu den VVindsor, 302n42 Schotten), 150, 151 VVise, Michael, 319 St Stephen's Cathedral, 150-1, 150 VVither, George Theater auf der Cortina, 154, 155 Hymns and Songs of the Church, 295 University, 158 VVitt, Johannes de, 274 Vigarani, Carlo, 240, 242, 243, 244, 245, 263 VVbdisbw, Prince, 140 villancicos, 322-4, 357-8 VVolfenbiittel, 165 Villers-Cotterets, 240 women musicians, 22, 140, 245, 250-1, 252 Vincennes, 240 VVood,Anthony,291, 312,313 Vincenzo I Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, 27, VVorcester, 270, 277, 302n42 35 words, 3 Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, 24, VVotton, Henry, 84 30, 31, 33-4, 36 violins, 312-13, 312 Xuarez,Juan, 353 violoncellos, 112-13 Virchi, Paolo, 28 Virgil York, 294,302n42,305 Georgics, 16 York, Duchess of, 314 Virginia de' Medici, 127 Youll, Henry, 275 Vismarri, Filippo Orontea, 153 Zacconi, Lodovico, 148 Vitali, Filippo Zacher, Michael, 151 Aretusa, 58 Zannotti, Camillo, 147 Vitali, Giovanni Battista, 110, 113, 212, 214 Zarlino, Gioseffo, 26, 77, 108, 109, 131, 134 Ambitione debellata, overo La caduta di Trionfo di Cristo per la vittoria contr'a' Turchi, Monmouth, L ', 9 86 Artifici musicali, II 0 zarzuelas, 344 Vittore Amedeo II, Prince of Savoy, 41 Zeno, Apostolo, 98 Vittori, Loreto, 60, 71 Zenti, Girolamo, 312 Vittoria, Princess ofUrbino, 15 Ziani, Marc' Antonio, 157 Vivaldi, Antonio Ziani, Pietro Andrea, 82, 90, 96, 115--16, concertos op.9, 152 153, 198 vocal music, 9-10 Ercole e Deianira, 96 Volpe, Giovanni Battista, 90 Teseo, 11, 177 Voorhout,Johannes, 200 Zierikzee, 216n8 VVagner,FUchard,2,8 Zuccaro, Federico, 36 VVake, Isaac,43 Zumarraga,Juan de, 351, 353 VVakefield, 302n42 Zumaya, Manuel de, 355, 356 VVales, Prince of, 275, 328 Partenope, 356 VVard,John, 275,291 Rodrigo, El, 356 VVeaver,John,315 Zuniga, Manso de, Archbishop of Mexico, VVeck, Anton, 171-3 355

399