Poverty in Tanzania: Comparisons Across Administrative Regions
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The Role Co-Operatives Play in Poverty Reduction in Tanzania
THE ROLE CO-OPERATIVES PLAY IN POVERTY REDUCTION IN TANZANIA Mwelukilwa Joshua Sizya Director of Research and Consultancy Cooperative College, Moshi, Tanzania Paper Presented at the United Nations in observance of the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty on 17 October 2001 ABBREVIATIONS ADB African Development Bank AMCOS Agricultural Marketing Co-operative Societies CC Co-operative College CSA Co-operative Societies Act GDP Gross Domestic Product IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IMF International Monetary Fund KCB Kilimanjaro Co-operative Bank KCU Kagera Co-operative Union KDCU Karagwe District Co-operative Union KNCU Kilimanjaro Native Co-operative Union RFSCB Rural Financial Services Community Based SACCOS Savings and Credit Co-operative Societies SCCULT Savings and Credit Co-operative Union League of Tanzania SHERFS Southern Highlands Economic and Rural Financial Services TFC Tanzania Federation of Co-operatives TICU Tanzania Industrial Co-operative Union UCU Usambara Co-operative Union WB World Bank WETCU Western Tobacco Growers Co-operative Union 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to record my sincere gratitude to the United Nations Division for Social Policy and Development for inviting me to participate in the panel discussion on “the role of cooperatives in poverty reduction “in observance of the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty for 2001. I feel very much honoured to have been availed such an opportunity at this stage of my long career with cooperatives in Tanzania and the Eastern and Southern African Sub Region. The opportunity has given me the chance to share my ideas and gain deeper insight on the efficacy of cooperatives in addressing the development problems of particularly the less advantaged sections of communities in Africa and else where. -
Country Technical Note on Indigenous Peoples' Issues
Country Technical Note on Indigenous Peoples’ Issues United Republic of Tanzania Country Technical Notes on Indigenous Peoples’ Issues THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA Submitted by: IWGIA Date: June 2012 Disclaimer The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations ‗developed‘ and ‗developing‘ countries are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. All rights reserved Acronyms and abbreviations ACHPR African Commission on Human and Peoples‘ Rights ASDS Agricultural Sector Development Strategy AU African Union AWF African Wildlife Fund CBO Community Based Organization CCM Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Party of the Revolution) CELEP Coalition of European Lobbies for Eastern African Pastoralism CPS Country Partnership Strategy (World Bank) COSOP Country Strategic Opportunities Paper (IFAD) CWIP Core Welfare Indicator Questionnaire DDC District Development Corporation FAO Food and Agricultural Organization FBO Faith Based Organization FGM Female Genital Mutilation FYDP Five Year Development Plan -
World Bank Document
\_PS I 6 Lx4I POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER 1641 Public Disclosure Authorized Poverty and Inequality Growth attributedto structural adjustment has During Structural benefited the population Adj.ustment in Rural generally,shifting a significair- Public Disclosure Authorized portion of the populatior Tanzania from below the poverty line to above it. Only that smanller fraction of the population M. Luisa Ferreira with extremely low incomes was unable to benefit fron the economy's impr-oved performance - probably because the liberalization Public Disclosure Authorized processthat encouraged growth rewarded those wvith education, excluding from benefits those with little education. Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Policv Research Department Transition Economics Division August 1996 [)Kicy RESFARCH WORKING PAPER 1641 Summary findings Ferreira rmeasures structilral adjustment's impact on income distribution eroded some of the potential for growth and on the poor in Tanzania. Adjustment reforms povertv reduction that would halve otherwise restIe1Cd have contributed to robtist growth. The rural average from growth. per capita inconie in 1991 was, in real terms, In both years, the stock of human capital was low for signiticatitlv higher than in 1983. 'he Economilic the poor, as measured by educational achievement. Recovery Program, launiched in 1986, has positively Possiblv the lower incidence but greater severity ot affected income, althotigh the increase is not vet poverty is attributable to a liberalization process that reflected in such basic social indicators as infanit rewards those with education, who are better able to mortality rates or levels of primary schooling, respond to new opportunities. 'his suLggeststhe Structural adjustmi-tentappears to have benefited many importance of improvinig the quantity and quality of poor households. -
The Populat Kenya
£ 4 World Population Year THE POPULAT KENYA - UGANDA - TANZANIA CI.CR.E.D. Senes THE POPULATION OF KENYA- UGANDA - TANZANIA SIMEON OMINDE Professor of Geography and Head of Department, University of Nairobi 1974 World Population Year C.I.C.R.E.D Series This study was initiated and financed by C.I.C.R.E.D. (Committee for International Coordination of National Research in Demography) to coincide with 1974 World Population Year. © Simeon Ominde © C.I.C.R.E.D. First published 1975 Printed in Kenya by Kenya Litho Ltd., P.O. Box 40775, Changamwe Road, Nairobi. CONTENTS Page PREFACE ¡v Chapter 1 The Area and Estimates of Population Growth 1 Chapter 2 Components of Population Growth 11 Chapter 3 Migration 40 Chapter 4 Population Composition 59 Chapter 5 Population Distribution 73 Chapter 6 Urbanization 88 Chapter 7 Labour Force 97 Chapter 8 Population Projection 105 Chapter 9 Population Growth and Socio-Economic Development 115 Conclusion 123 PREFACE This monograph presents the population situation in the area covered by Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. The material has been prepared at the request of CICRED, as part of its contribution to the objectives of the World Population Year, 1974. In common with other developing countries of Africa, the East African countries are becoming acutely aware of the importance of rapid population growth and its significance to the attainment of development objectives. It has become increasingly clear that with the current rates of growth and the limited resources, the burden of socio-economic development programmes has become more serious. The search for alternative strategies to development must therefore focus attention on the impact of accelerating growth rate which leads to retardation of the rate of economic and social development. -
Determinants of Rural Poverty in Tanzania: Evidence from Mkinga District, Tanga Region
Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-607X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0565 (Online) Vol.5, No.6, 2015 Determinants of Rural Poverty in Tanzania: Evidence from Mkinga District, Tanga Region Hanifa Mohamed Yusuf 1 Phillip D. Daninga 2,3* Li Xiaoyun 1 1.College of Humanities and Development Studies, China Agricultural University. No.17 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100083 P.R.China 2.Department of Economic Studies, The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy, P.O. Box 9193 Dar es salaam, Tanzania 3.Information Analysis and Evaluation Division, Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science No.12 South Zhongguancun St. Beijing 100081, China * E-mail of the corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Identification of factors that are strongly linked to poverty is an important aspect in developing successful strategies intended for poverty reduction. This study aimed at assessing the determinants of poverty in Mkinga district in rural Tanzania. Ordinal regression model was used to model events of observing scores of livelihood status in the area of study. The study revealed that nearly 93% of respondents in the area were poor. Gender, size of land the household owns, the size of farm used in farming, Household size and the dependency ratio were found to be related to poverty, hence influencing poverty in the area of study. While the government is responsible in providing proper infrastructural settings, this paper recommends that, people especially women in this area should be empowered to have positive attitudes towards participating into economic activities using resources around them. Keywords: Rural poverty, Economic growth, Poverty determinants, and Mkinga district 1. -
The Labor Market Impacts of Forced Migration
WP GLM|LIC Working Paper No. 7 | March 2016 The Labor Market Impacts of Forced Migration Isabel Ruiz (University of Oxford) Carlos Vargas-Silva (COMPAS, University of Oxford) GLM|LIC Working Paper No. 7 | March 2016 The Labor Market Impacts of Forced Migration Isabel Ruiz (University of Oxford) Carlos Vargas-Silva (COMPAS, University of Oxford) GLM|LIC c/o IZA – Institute of Labor Economics Schaumburg-Lippe-Straße 5–9 53113 Bonn, Germany Phone: +49-228-3894-0 Fax: +49-228-3894-510 Email: [email protected] GLM|LIC Working Paper No. 7 | March 2016 ABSTRACT The Labor Market Impacts of Forced Migration* During the 1990s the Kagera region of Tanzania experienced a forced migration shock. A series of geographical barriers led to a higher concentration of forced migrants in some parts of the region relative to others, resulting in a natural experiment. Using panel data (pre and post forced migration shock), we find that greater exposure to the refugee shock resulted in Tanzanians having a lower likelihood of working outside the household as employees. However, employees more affected by the shock had a higher probability of being in professional occupations and being part of a pensions program. JEL Classification: F22, J61, O15 Keywords: forced migration, refugees, labor markets, Tanzania Corresponding author: Carlos Vargas-Silva COMPAS University of Oxford 58 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 6QS United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] * This work was supported by the UK Department of International Development (DFID) and the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) Growth and Labor Markets in Low Income Countries Programme (GLM | LIC). -
Social and Economic Transformation in Tanzania and South Korea: Ujamaa and Saemaul Undong in the 1970S Compared
Social and Economic Transformation in Tanzania and South Korea: Ujamaa and Saemaul Undong in the 1970s Compared Yong Yoon and Robert Mudida Julius Nyerere and Park Chung-hee carried out ambitious and important social and economic reforms for rural development in the 1970s in Tanzania and South Korea, respectively. The reforms not only affected the livelihood of rural people but also had long- reaching impact on the entire nations. Despite the visionary and generally benevolent rulers’ policy initiatives, the economic results of the rural development programs in the two countries cannot be more different. This paper contrasts and explores the importance of the nature of the transformation strategy and processes, as brought about by differences in leadership as well as in political philosophies and developmental goals, as a possible explanation for the drastically different economic outcomes of Tanzania’s Ujamaa and South Korea’s Saemaul Undong. Keywords: Tanzania, South Korea, Ujamaa; Saemaul Undong, Rural development, Social innovation, Economic transformation JEL Classifications: O35, O57, P10, P52, N95, N97 Yong Yoon, Corresponding Author, Faculty of Economics, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. (Tel) +66-2- 218-6188, (Email) [email protected]. Robert Mudida, Associate Professor and Director, Strathmore Institute for Public Policy and Governance, Strathmore University, Ole Sangale, Madaraka, P.O. Box 59857 – 00200, Nairobi, Kenya. (Tel) +254-703-034-414, (Email) [email protected]. [Seoul -
A Preliminary Report on Survey in Tabora and Ujiji Sarah Croucher Wesleyan University, [email protected]
African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter Volume 9 Article 18 Issue 4 December 2006 12-1-2006 Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A Preliminary Report on Survey in Tabora and Ujiji Sarah Croucher Wesleyan University, [email protected] Stephanie Wynne-Jones University of York, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/adan Recommended Citation Croucher, Sarah and Wynne-Jones, Stephanie (2006) "Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A Preliminary Report on Survey in Tabora and Ujiji," African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter: Vol. 9 : Iss. 4 , Article 18. Available at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/adan/vol9/iss4/18 This Articles, Essays, and Reports is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in African Diaspora Archaeology Newsletter by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Croucher and Wynne-Jones: Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A Preliminary Report on Survey Slave Routes in Western Tanzania: A Preliminary Report on Survey in Tabora and Ujiji. By Sarah Croucher and Stephanie Wynne-Jones[1] The following report is a brief introduction to reconnaissance survey work carried out in Western Tanzania in July 2006 to investigate caravan routes that ran from the East African coast inland as far as the Congo during the 18th and 19th centuries. These routes were tied to the trading of captive Africans from inland areas to the Indian Ocean coast. When they reached the coast, enslaved individuals were either kept to work on local Arab- run plantations, or traded out into the Indian Ocean. -
A Contextual Analysis for Village Land Use Planning in Tanzania's
A contextual analysis for village land use planning in Tanzania’s Bagamoyo and Chalinze districts, Pwani region and Mvomero and Kilosa districts, Morogoro region Sustainable Rangeland Management Project ILRI PROJECT REPORT ISBN: 92-9146-586-0 The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) works to improve food and nutritional security and reduce poverty in developing countries through research for efficient, safe and sustainable use of livestock. Co-hosted by Kenya and Ethiopia, it has regional or country offices and projects in East, South and Southeast Asia as well as Central, East, Southern and West Africa. ilri.org CGIAR is a global agricultural research partnership for a food-secure future. Its research is carried out by 15 research centres in collaboration with hundreds of partner organizations. cgiar.org A contextual analysis for village land use planning in Pwani and Morogoro regions of Tanzania i ii A contextual analysis for village land use planning in Pwani and Morogoro regions of Tanzania A contextual analysis for village land use planning in Tanzania’s Bagamoyo and Chalinze districts, Pwani region and Mvomero and Kilosa districts, Morogoro region Sustainable Rangeland Management Project Emmanuel Sulle and Wilbard Mkama Editor: Fiona Flintan (International Livestock Research Institute) July 2019 A contextual analysis for village land use planning in Pwani and Morogoro regions of Tanzania iii ©2019 International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) ILRI thanks all donors and organizations which globally support its work through their contributions to the CGIAR Trust Fund This publication is copyrighted by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI). It is licensed for use under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. -
Child Poverty in TANZANIA
THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA Child Poverty in TANZANIA Report based on 2014/2015 National Panel Survey SUMMARY REPORT Copyright © National Bureau of Statistics [Tanzania] and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), 2018 Cover photo: © UNICEF Tanzania/Kate Holt Suggested citation: National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). 2018. Child Poverty in Tanzania based on 2014/2015 National Panel Survey – Summary Report: September 2018. Dar es Salaam: NBS and UNICEF. THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA Child Poverty in Tanzania Report based on 2014/2015 National Panel Survey SUMMARY REPORT National Bureau of Statistics and United Nations Children’s Fund Dar es Salaam, Tanzania December 2018 CHILD POVERTY IN TANZANIA | REPORT BASED ON 2014/2015 NATIONAL PANEL SURVEY i ii SUMMARY REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ iv Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... v Foreword .................................................................................................................................. vii Defi nition of key concepts ....................................................................................................... ix Background ................................................................................................................................ 1 Multidimensional poverty -
Rail Transport and Firm Productivity: Evidence from Tanzania
WPS8173 Policy Research Working Paper 8173 Public Disclosure Authorized Rail Transport and Firm Productivity Evidence from Tanzania Public Disclosure Authorized Atsushi Iimi Richard Martin Humphreys Yonas Eliesikia Mchomvu Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Transport and ICT Global Practice Group August 2017 Policy Research Working Paper 8173 Abstract Railway transport generally has the advantage for large-vol- Rail transport is a cost-effective option for firms. How- ume, long-haul freight operations. Africa possesses ever, the study finds that firms’ inventory is costly. This significant railway assets. However, many rail lines are cur- is a disadvantage of using rail transport. Rail operations rently not operational because of the lack of maintenance. are unreliable, adding more inventory costs to firms. The The paper recasts light on the impact of rail transportation implied elasticity of demand for transport services is esti- on firm productivity, using micro data collected in Tanza- mated at −1.01 to −0.52, relatively high in absolute terms. nia. To avoid the endogeneity problem, the instrumental This indicates the rail users’ sensitivity to prices as well as variable technique is used to estimate the impact of rail severity of modal competition against truck transportation. transport. The paper shows that the overall impact of rail The study also finds that firm location matters to the deci- use on firm costs is significant despite that the rail unit sion to use rail services. Proximity to rail infrastructure rates are set lower when the shipping distance is longer. is important for firms to take advantage of rail benefits. This paper is a product of the Transport and ICT Global Practice Group. -
Measuring Access to Food in Tanzania: a Food Basket Approach, EIB-135, U.S
United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Measuring Access to Food Service Economic in Tanzania: A Food Basket Information Bulletin Number 135 Approach February 2015 Nancy Cochrane and Anna D’Souza United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service www.ers.usda.gov Access this report online: www.ers.usda.gov/publications/eib-economic-information-bulletin/eib135 Download the charts contained in this report: • Go to the report’s index page www.ers.usda.gov/publications/ eib-economic-information-bulletin/eib135 • Click on the bulleted item “Download eib135.zip” • Open the chart you want, then save it to your computer Recommended citation format for this publication: Cochrane, Nancy, and Anna D’Souza. Measuring Access to Food in Tanzania: A Food Basket Approach, EIB-135, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, February 2015. Cover images: Nancy Cochrane, USDA, Economic Research Service. Use of commercial and trade names does not imply approval or constitute endorsement by USDA. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and, where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C.