Aquatic Ecosystems and Invertebrates of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument

Cooperative Agreement Number JSA990024 Annual Report of Activities for 1999

Report Prepared by: Mark Vinson National Aquatic Monitoring Center Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Utah State University Logan, Utah 84322-5210 www.usu.edu/~buglab 16 February 2000 i

Table of contents Page Introduction ...... 1 Study area...... 2 Long-term repeat sampling sites ...... 3 Methods Locations and physical habitat ...... 4 Aquatic invertebrates Qualitative samples...... 4 Quantitative samples ...... 4 Laboratory methods ...... 4 Results Sampling locations ...... 4 Aquatic invertebrates ...... 7 Literature cited...... 11 1

Introduction The Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument was established on 18 September 1996 and comprises more than 760,000 hectares of geological and ecological diversity in southern Utah. In 1998 we began to survey and monitor the Monument’s aquatic habitats with the goals of collecting basic faunistic and ecological data and long-term biomonitoring data. Sampling should continue through at least 2004. Our sampling strategy has been twofold: 1) qualitatively sample as many locations as possible; and 2) repeatedly sample across seasons and years a subset of perennial habitats collecting both quantitative and qualitative samples. In this report I describe where, when, and how we have sampled and provide a description of the habitats and their invertebrate inhabitants.

Study area Elevations within and adjacent to the National Monument range from 1100 to 3000 m. At Escalante, Utah, elevation 1616 m, annual air temperatures vary from –30 to 37 C and the mean annual precipitation is about 36 mm. Winters are cold and windy and summers are characterized by hot days and cool nights. Moisture falls predominantly as snow between January and May. Early summer is usually dry, whereas intense localized thunderstorms are common in late summer. This desert landscape contains many unique ephemeral and perennial aquatic habitats, including streams, alcove pools, natural ponds, springs, tinajas (rock pools), and hanging gardens. Streamflow patterns are atypical for the Rocky Mountains with peaks occurring in response to both 35 spring snowmelt and late 30 25 summer monsoonal rain 20 events. Monsoonal 15 stormflows can be 50 times 10 greater than mean annual Water Temperature (C) 5 0 flows and 2-10 times greater 5000 4000 than spring peak flows 3000 (Figure 1). Water 2000 500 temperatures range from 400 300 near zero to >33 C (Figure 1). (CFS) Discharge 200 Stream substrates vary 100 0 widely and are often either Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan bedrock or sand. Month Figure 2 Discharge and water temperature for the Escalante River near its mouth in 1951. 2

Long-term repeat sampling sites The following sites were identified as locations where long-term seasonal collections will be made. Samples collected on rivers near tributary streams would be taken upstream of the tributary stream. This list will likely be amended as we become more familiar with the Monument. 1. Escalante River near Escalante 13. Boulder Creek at mouth 2. Escalante River near Mamie Creek 14. Deer Creek at Burr Trail bridge 3. Escalante River near Sand Creek 15. The Gulch at Burr Trail bridge 4. Escalante River near Calf Creek 16. The Gulch at mouth 5. Escalante River near Boulder Creek 17. Pine Creek at Lower Box Canyon trailhead 6. Escalante River near the Gulch 18. Paria River at Highway 12 bridge 7. Escalante River near Harris Wash 19. Harris Wash near trailhead 8. Escalante River near Coyote Gulch 20. Harris Wash at mouth 9. Mamie Creek at mouth 21. Coyote Gulch near Hamblin Arch 10. Sand Creek at mouth 22. Coyote Gulch at mouth 11. Calf Creek at mouth 12. Boulder Creek at Highway 12 bridge

Sampling Methods Locations and physical habitat The latitude and longitude of each site was determined using a Magellan 2000XL hand held global positioning unit. Elevation was determined using an altimeter or a 7.5 min topographic map. Water and air temperatures were determined at the time of sampling using thermometers. The conductivity of the water was determined using an Oakton TDS Testr 40 hand held meter and the pH was determined using an Oakton pH Testr 2. Substrate particle size distributions were estimated by pebble counts (Wolman 1954). Over-stream shade was estimated using a spherical densiometer. In January 2000 we placed continuous recording thermographs (Hobo temps, Onset Inc.) in the following locations: 1. Escalante River near the town of Escalante 2. Escalante River at the Highway 12 bridge near Calf Creek 3. Calf Creek at the mouth near Highway 12 4. Boulder Creek at the Highway 12 bridge 5. Deer Creek at the Burr Trail bridge 6. The Gulch at the Burr Trail bridge 7. Pine Creek near Lower Box Canyon trail head 3

Aquatic invertebrates Qualitative samples—The objective of qualitative invertebrate collections was to collect as many different kinds of invertebrates living at a site as possible. Qualitative collections of invertebrates were done at all sites. Samples were collected with a kicknet (457 x 229 mm) with a 500 micron mesh net and by hand picking invertebrates from woody debris and large boulders. All major habitat types (e.g., riffles, pools, back waters, macrophyte beds) were sampled and all samples were composited to form a single sample from each site. In addition, tinajas were sampled with a zooplankton net (130 mm diameter, 80 micron mesh). Generally, 10 zooplankton tows were made across each tinaja at a variety of sampling depths and composited into a single sample.

Quantitative samples—The objective of quantitative invertebrate sampling was to collect the more common invertebrates at a site and estimate their relative abundances. Quantitative samples were collected using a rectangular kicknet (457 x 229 mm) with a 500 micron mesh net. Samples were collected by disturbing the area immediately upstream of the front of the net with our hands and scrubbing individual substrate particles within the sampling area and allowing the invertebrates and detritus to wash downstream into the net. The area of each sample was approximately 0.18 m2 (0.45 m wide x 0.4 m deep). Four samples were collected in 4 different riffles and composited to make a sample of approximately 0.7 m2 (4 kicknets x 0.18 m2 ) for each location.

Laboratory methods—The general procedures followed for processing invertebrate samples were similar to those recommended by the United States Geological Survey (Cuffney et al. 1993) and are described in greater detail and rationalized in Vinson and Hawkins (1996). Qualitative samples were processed in the entirety, i.e., all the organisms were removed and identified. Quantitative samples were sub-sampled if the sample appeared to contain more than 500 organisms. Sub-samples were obtained by pouring the sample into an appropriate diameter 250 micron sieve, floating this material by placing the sieve within an enamel pan partially filled with water and leveling the material within the sieve. The sieve was then removed from the water pan and the material within the sieve was divided into equal parts. One side of the sieve was then randomly chosen to be processed and the other side was set aside. The sieve was then placed back in the enamel pan and the material in the sieve again leveled and split in half. This process was repeated until approximately 500 organisms remained in one-half of the sieve. This material was then placed into a petri dish and all organisms were removed under a dissecting microscope at 10-30 power. Additional sub-samples were taken until at least 500 organisms were removed. All organisms within a sub-sample were removed. During the sorting process the organisms were separated into Orders. When the sorting of the sub-samples was completed, the entire sample was spread throughout a large white enamel pan and searched for 10 minutes to remove any taxa that might not have been picked up during the initial sample sorting process. The objective of this "big/rare" search was to provide a more 4 complete taxa list by finding rarer taxa that may have been excluded during the sub-sampling process. These rarer bugs were placed into a separate vial and tracked separately from the bugs removed during the sub-sampling process. All the organisms removed during the sorting process were then identified. Once the data had been entered into a computer and checked, the unsorted portion of the sample was discarded. The identified portion of the sample was placed in 70% ethanol, given a catalog number, and was retained.

Results Sampling locations To date we have sampled 121 locations within and adjacent to the Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument. The majority of these sites have been perennial streams (74), but we also sampled alcove pools (7), hanging gardens (1), Posy Lake, stock ponds (2) and reservoirs (2), limnocrene (3) and rheocrene springs (3), seeps (6), and tinajas (17). The specific geographic coordinates for each sampling location are shown in Table 1. Alcove pools are defined as perennial and ephemeral pools located beneath bedrock pour-offs. Hanging gardens are assemblages of aquatic and semi-aquatic plants and animals occurring at small seeps on canyon walls. Rheocrenes are flowing water springs and limnocrenes are defined as springs that emerge as non-flowing water and are more pond-like. Seeps were defined as very small sources of water occurring on the canyon floor.

Table 1. Aquatic invertebrate sampling locations.

Station ID Habitat type Place name Latitude (N) Longitude (W) ES-001 Stream Escalante River near Escalante 37.7756 111.5790 ES-002 Tinaja Tinaja, near Highway 12 overlook 37.7536 111.4431 ES-003 Stream Tributary to Deer Creek, near Boulder 37.8479 111.3735 ES-004 Stream Deer Creek, near campground 37.8551 111.3553 ES-005 Stream Steep Creek 37.8635 111.3124 ES-006 Stream Gulch Creek 37.8649 111.3129 ES-007 Stream Calf Creek near upper falls 37.8545 111.4507 ES-008 Tinaja Tinaja near Phipp's pictographs 37.7588 111.4192 ES-009 Stream Calf Creek, near mouth 37.7761 111.4188 ES-010 Stream Deer Creek, below tributary ES-003 37.8375 111.3667 ES-011 Tinaja Tinaja near Deer Creek 37.8380 111.3660 ES-012 Tinaja Tinaja 37.8095 111.4001 ES-013 Tinaja Tinaja 37.8091 111.3966 ES-014 Tinaja Tinaja 37.8093 111.3957 ES-015 Stream Boulder Creek 37.8117 111.3939 ES-016 Seep Little Death Hollow Creek 37.7591 111.2152 ES-017 Tinaja Tinaja near Highway 12 overlook 37.7485 111.4438 ES-018 Tinaja Tinaja near Highway 12 overlook 37.7499 111.4440 ES-019 Alcove pool Alcove pool near upper Calf Creek Falls 37.8539 111.4509 ES-020 Stream Tenmile Creek 37.6799 111.4848 ES-021 Stream Alvey's Wash Creek 37.7191 111.6290 5

Station ID Habitat type Place name Latitude (N) Longitude (W) ES-022 Stream Upper Alvey Wash Creek 37.6946 111.6313 ES-023 Stream North Creek 37.7783 111.7082 ES-024 Stream Birch Creek 37.7639 111.6959 ES-025 Stream Escalante River 37.7648 111.6843 ES-026 Reservoir No-name Reservoir 37.8049 111.6011 ES-027 Stream Pine Creek 37.8155 111.6082 ES-028 Stream Upper Valley Creek 37.7468 111.7026 ES-029 Stream Lower Harris Wash Creek 37.6338 111.3409 ES-030 Stream Un-Named Creek 37.7767 111.4731 ES-031 Stream Mamie Creek 37.7807 111.5054 ES-032 Stream Escalante River 37.7810 111.5227 ES-033 Tinaja Tinaja 37.7776 111.4949 ES-034 Stream Sand Creek 37.7746 111.4577 ES-034 Stream Sand Creek 37.7746 111.4577 ES-035 Rheocrene Spring off Sand Creek 37.7763 111.4585 ES-036 Stream Lake Creek 37.9226 111.5241 ES-037 Tinaja Tinaja near upper Calf Creek Falls 37.8671 111.4615 ES-038 Stream Calf Creek at source 37.8656 111.4624 ES-039 Stream Calf Creek above upper falls 37.8538 111.4533 ES-040 Tinaja Tinaja 37.8210 111.3431 ES-041 Tinaja Tinaja 37.8187 111.3423 ES-044 Stream Coyote Gulch - below Hamblin Arch 37.4197 111.0403 ES-045 Seep Seep in Coyote Gulch 37.4218 111.0030 ES-046 Stream Coyote Gulch near mouth 37.4279 111.9806 ES-047 Stream Harris Wash - Lower 37.6416 111.2901 ES-048 Stream Harris Wash - Upper 37.6369 111.3194 ES-060 Limnocrene Cat Well 37.4858 111.2527 ES-061 Limnocrene Orins Well 37.4558 111.2362 ES-062 Tinaja Tinaja near Dance Hall Rock 37.3600 111.0972 ES-063 Tinaja Ampitheater Tinaja near Dance Hall Rock 37.3572 111.1007 ES-064 Seep Forty Mile Creek - Seep 37.3423 111.0182 ES-065 Limnocrene Hidden Falls Pool 37.3427 111.0142 ES-066 Rheocrene Spring off Forty Mile Creek 37.3435 111.0138 ES-067 Stream Forty Mile Creek 37.3420 111.0058 ES-068 Seep Seep near Fifty Mile Creek 37.3167 110.9757 ES-069 Stream Fifty Mile Creek 37.3203 110.9615 ES-070 Stream North Creek - Upstream from reservoir 37.8468 111.7580 ES-071 Stream Lost Creek 37.9143 111.6985 ES-072 Lake Posy Lake 37.9360 111.6943 ES-073 Stream Hungry Creek 37.9300 111.6843 ES-074 Stream Deep Creek 37.9358 111.6655 ES-075 Stream Blue Spring Creek 37.9625 111.6555 ES-076 Stream Grimes Creek 37.9697 111.5737 ES-077 Seep Death Hollow Seep 37.8437 111.5213 ES-078 Stream Death Hollow Creek 37.8437 111.5213 ES-079 Tinaja Tinaja near Sand Creek and Death Hollow 37.8598 111.4923 ES-080 Stream Sand Creek 37.8668 111.4955 ES-081 Stream Lake Creek 37.8678 111.4947 ES-082 Stream Sand Creek and Lake Creek 37.8665 111.4945 ES-083 Tinaja Tinaja near Sand Creek 37.8632 111.4903 ES-084 Reservoir Reservoir off Burr Trail 37.9203 111.1397 6

Station ID Habitat type Place name Latitude (N) Longitude (W) ES-085 Reservoir Reservoir 2 off Burr Trail 37.8740 111.1058 ES-086 Stream Frisky Creek 38.0132 111.3732 ES-087 Stream Upper Steep Creek 37.8733 111.3233 ES-088 Stream Lower Steep Creek 37.8658 111.3165 ES-089 Stream Water Canyon Creek 37.9147 111.2922 ES-090 Stream Water Canyon Creek abv confl. 37.9038 111.2845 ES-091 Pond Large pond off Burr trail 37.8868 111.3977 ES-092 Pond Small pond off Burr trail 37.8940 111.4057 ES-093 Stream Sheep Creek 37.4960 112.0655 ES-094 Stream Yellow Creek 37.5350 112.0630 ES-095 Stream Paria River 37.5685 112.0510 ES-096 Stream Pine Creek - Upper 37.9633 111.6518 ES-097 Stream Pine Creek - Middle 37.9335 111.6428 ES-098 Stream Hungry Creek - abv Pine Creek 37.9172 111.6448 ES-099 Stream Pine Creek - Lower 37.8635 111.6362 ES-100 Alcove pool Ribbon Canyon Alcove 37.2552 110.8420 ES-101 Hanging gardenRibbon Canyon Hanging Garden 37.2490 110.8318 ES-102 Alcove pool Ribbon Canyon Alcove 37.2593 110.8388 ES-103 Alcove pool Bown's Canyon Alcove Pool 37.3591 110.8747 ES-104 Stream Bown's Canyon 37.3736 110.8783 ES-105 Stream Bown's Canyon 37.3802 110.8862 ES-106 Alcove pool Iceberg Canyon Alcove 37.2927 110.7338 ES-107 Stream Iceberg Canyon Creek 37.2861 110.7319 ES-108 Stream Iceberg Canyon Creek 37.2951 110.7044 ES-109 Alcove pool Cottonwood Canyon Alcove 37.2422 110.8543 ES-110 Seep Cottonwood Canyon Seep 37.2424 110.8545 ES-111 Stream Death Hollow Creek - Upper 37.8047 111.5114 ES-112 Stream Death Hollow Creek - Lower 37.7817 111.5053 ES-113 Stream Calf Creek - below bridge 37.7931 111.4133 ES-114 Stream Calf Creek Falls - Lower 37.8153 111.4181 ES-115 Alcove pool Alcove pool near Calf Creek 37.8153 111.4181 ES-116 Tinaja Tinaja above upper Calf Creek Falls 37.8671 111.4615 ES-117 Stream Escalante River upstream of Coyote Gulch 37.4279 111.9806 ES-118 Stream Pine Creek 37.8635 111.6365 ES-119 Stream Escalante River above Sand Creek 37.7755 111.4592 ES-120 Stream Escalante River near Highway 12 bridge 37.7755 111.4185 ES-121 Stream Boulder Creek near Highway 12 bridge 37.9013 111.4367 ES-NPS-001 Stream Escalante River, National Park Service site 37.5000 111.0417 ES-NPS-002 Stream Escalante River, National Park Service site 37.3333 111.9167 7

Aquatic invertebrates An impressive number of aquatic invertebrates have been collected from the many unique habitats present in the Monument. From 186 samples collected at 121 locations we have thus far identified 24,202 individual invertebrates from 25 orders, 87 families, and 150 different genera (Table 2). Diversity was highest among insects. We found 32 Coleoptera, 29 Diptera (non-Chironomidae), 13 Ephemeroptera, 9 Hemiptera, 15 Odonata, 13 Plecoptera, and 21 genera of Trichoptera (Table 2). Non-insects were less diverse, but we have also not yet identified many of these taxa to genus, so the results are more preliminary. Nonetheless, we found 9 genera of Crustacea and 6 genera of Mollusca. The diversity of aquatic invertebrates found in Calf Creek was especially high (Table 3). To date, we have identified 41 different genera in only 13 samples. In comparison, we collected only 28 genera in Pine Creek in 12 samples and 36 genera from the Escalante River in 21 samples. The diversity of assemblages in tinajas has also been surprisingly high. In 22 samples we found 26 different genera. The fauna collected within tinajas was markedly different than that found in streams. Some notable taxa that have been collected include a blind subterranean amphipod and several species of Notonecta. The amphipod belongs to the Stygobromus hubbsi group, and is likely a new undescribed species. All of the species of Notonecta identified to date represent new distribution records for the state of Utah. A list of all taxa collected and identified to date is shown in Table 4.

Table 2. Summary of aquatic macroinvertebrate collections made through January 2000 at the various habitat types. OTU = operational taxonomic unit and represents a mix of taxonomic levels, because not all individuals can be identified to a consistent taxonomic level.

All Alcove Hanging Posy Rerservoirs Springs, Rivers, Tinajas Measure locations pools gardens Lake Ponds Seeps Streams

Number of samples 186 7 1 2 7 12 135 22

Total OTU taxa richness 250 56 13 19 39 61 218 47

Total invertebrate genera 150 34 8 11 19 35 132 26

Total insect genera 133 31 8 5 15 32 120 21

Coleoptera 32 13 4 0 8 9 7 8

Diptera (non-chironomidae) 29 5 2 1 2 10 26 2

Ephemeroptera 13 2 1 0 2 2 13 1

Hemiptera 9 4 1 1 1 4 7 5

Odonata 15 6 0 2 2 2 14 4

Plecoptera 13 0 0 0 0 0 13 0

Trichoptera 21 1 0 1 0 4 20 1 8

Table 3. A comparison of aquatic insect genera richness among the major streams and in tinajas in the Grand Staircase - Escalante National Monument.

All Boulder Calf Deer Pine Escalante Measure locations Creek Creek Creek Creek River Tinajas

Number of samples 186 2 13 5 12 21 22

Total invertebrate genera 150 21 41 21 28 36 26

Total insect genera 133 21 38 20 28 34 21

Coleoptera 32 1 7 5 6 8 8

Diptera (non-chironomidae) 29 4 10 4 6 7 2

Ephemeroptera 13 7 2 1 6 8 1

Hemiptera 9 0 2 0 0 2 5

Odonata 15 0 4 1 0 1 4

Plecoptera 13 5 2 2 4 3 0

Trichoptera 21 4 10 6 6 4 1 9

Table 4. Aquatic invertebrate taxa identified from all samples collected through January 2000.

Taxa Number collected Taxa Number collected Phylum: Annelida Hydraenidae Class: Hirudinea 9 Hydraena 2 Class: Oligochaeta 364 Ochthebius 3 Tubificidae 16 Hydrophilidae 20 Lumbriculidae 8 Ametor 1 Phylum: Arthropoda Berosus 18 Class: Arachnida Trombidiformes 137 Hydrobius 3 Class: Crustacea Hydrochara 1 Amphipoda Lacobius 8 Crangonyctidae Stygobromus hubbsi group 1 Paracymus 4 Gammaridae Gammarus lacustris 3 Tropisternus 6 Hyalellidae Hyallela azteca 258 Scirtidae Elodes 15 Anostraca Staphylinidae 1 Branchinectidae Branchinecta packardi 16 Diptera Calanoida Atherceridae Atherix 8 Temoridae Epischura nevadensis 2 Ceratopogonidae 22 Cladocera 101 Bezzia 13 Daphnidae 90 Culicoides 3 Daphnia pulex 32 Dasyhelea 237 Daphnia rosea 258 Probezzia 118 Ceriodaphnia laticaudata 8 Chironomidae, slowly identifying 435 Ceriodaphnia quadrangula 281 Chironominae 2254 Cyclopoida 87 Orthocladiinae 3011 Decapoda 5 Tanypodinae 435 Cambardidae Orconectes virillis 2 Dicrotendipes Present, no counts Isopoda 1 Pagastia Present, no counts Notostraca Polypedilum Present, no counts Triopsidae Triops longicaudatus 3 Tanytarsus Present, no counts Ostracoda 236 Thienemannimyia Present, no counts Class: Entognatha Culicidae Culiseta 133 Collembola 6 Dixidae Class: Insecta Dixa 16 Coleoptera Dixella 6 Amphizoidae Amphizoa 1 Dolichopodidae 3 Curculionidae 1 Empididae 19 Dryopidae Helichus 74 Chelifera 42 Dytiscidae 37 Clinocera 2 Agabus 141 Hemerodromia 5 Deronectes 44 Ephydridae 6 Eretes sticticus 1 Muscidae 40 Hydroporous 1 Muscidae Limnophora 1 Hygrotus 6 Psychodidae Laccophiilus 3 Maruina 1 Neoclypeodytes 29 Pericoma 21 Oreodytes 29 Simuliidae 17 Rhantus 35 Prosimulium 11 Thermonectus marmoratus 11 Simulium 1976 Elmidae 249 Stratiomyidae Heterlimnius 71 Caloparyphus 19 Microcylloepus 107 Euparyphus 4 Microcylloepus pusillus 3 Nemotelus 1 Narpus 18 Stratiomys 4 Optioservus 257 Tabanidae 7 Ordobrevia 7 Chrysops 1 Stenelmis 1 Tabanus 11 Zaitzevia 5 Tipulidae 6 Gyrinidae Gyrinus 45 Antocha 41 Haliplidae Dicranota 60 Haliplus 1 Hesperoconopa 2 Peltodytes 16 Hexatoma 21 Helophoridae Helophorus 8 Taxa Number collected 10

Limonia 18 Libellula saturata 12 Molophilus 1 Paltothemis lineatipes 1 Tipula 141 Pantala flavescens 1 Ephemeroptera 12 Tramea 3 Ameletidae Ameletus 20 Plecoptera 107 Baetidae 98 Capniidae Utacapnia 69 Baetis 3311 Chloroperlidae Sweltsa 31 Baetis bicaudatus 16 Leuctridae 1 Baetis tricaudatus 1882 Nemouridae 191 Callibaetis 143 Malenka 59 Paracloeodes 1 Zapada 15 Ephemerellidae 137 Perlidae Hesperoperla pacifica 20 Drunella coloradensis 3 Perlodidae 34 Drunella doddsi 19 Isogenoides 26 Drunella grandis 59 Isogenoides zionensis 1 Ephemerella 94 Isoperla 49 Ephemerella inermis 211 Megarcys 1 Heptageniidae 159 Skwala 47 Cinygmula 115 Pteronaricidae 17 Epeorus 196 Pteronarcella badia 15 Heptagenia 21 Pteronarcys 14 Nixe 10 Taeniopterygidae Rhithrogena 82 Oemopteryx fosketti 2 Leptophlebiidae Paraleptophlebia 2 Taenionema 74 Tricorythidae Tricorythodes 115 Trichoptera 76 Hemiptera 17 Brachycentridae 45 Belostomatidae Lethocerus 4 Brachycentrus americanus 58 Corixidae 34 Brachycentrus occidentalis 8 Corisella 3 Micrasema 139 Neocorixa 20 Glossosomatidae Glossosoma 1 Gelastocoridae Helicopsychidae Helicopsyche 160 Gelastocoris oculatus 1 Hydropsychidae 79 Gerridae 48 Hydropsyche 1087 Aquarius 26 Parapsyche 23 Gerris 4 Hydroptilidae 84 Naucoridae Ambrysus 54 Hydroptila 14 Notonectidae 31 Leucotrichia 3 Notonecta kirbyi 37 Ochrotrichia 1 Notonecta lobata 2 Lepidostomatidae 16 Notonecta undulata 3 Lepidostoma neodinarthrum 3 Veliidae 61 Leptoceridae 1 Veliidae Microvelia 1 Limnephilidae 3 Lepidoptera Dicosmoecus 1 Pyralidae 1 Hesperophylax 66 Pyralidae Petrophila 17 Limnephilus 77 Odonata 17 Onocosmoecus 1 Aeshnidae 1 Philopotamidae 15 Aeshna umbrosa 49 Chimarra 53 Anax walsinghami 1 Wormaldia 4 Calopterygidae Hetaerina americana 2 Psychomyiidae Tinodes 33 Coenagrionidae 19 Rhyacophilidae 2 Argia plana 1 Rhyacophilidae Rhyacophila 50 Argia vivida 30 Sericostomatidae Gumaga 6 Coenagrion 81 Uenoidae Enallagma 30 Neothremma 3 Telebasis salva 3 Oligophlebodes 85 Cordulegastridae Phylum: Mollusca Cordulegaster diadema 1 Class: Gastropoda 2 Cordulegaster dorsalis 4 Basommatophora Gomphidae 3 Ancylidae Ferrissia 1 Erpetogomphus compositas 1 Lymnaeidae 15 Ophiogomphus severus 6 Fossaria 5 Lestidae Archilestes grandis 18 Radix 5 Libellulidae 6 Physidae Physella 83 Taxa Number collected Taxa Number collected Planorbidae 9 Planorbidae Gyraulus 5 11

Veneroidea Sphaeriidae Pisidium 20 Phylum: Nematamorpha 13 Phylum: Nematoda 27 Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Turbellaria 23

Literature Cited

Cuffney, T.F., Gurtz, M.E. and Meador, M.R.. 1993. Methods for collecting benthic invertebrate samples as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program: United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-406.

Vinson, M.R. and C.P. Hawkins. 1996. Effects of sampling area and subsampling procedures on comparisons of taxa richness among streams. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 15:393-400.

Wolman, M.G. 1954. A method of sampling coarse river-bed material. Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 35:951-956.