Floral Diversity of Armed Police Camps a Rapid in Kerala - Assessment

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 1

Floral diversity of Armed Police Camps A rapid in Kerala - assessment

Kerala State Biodiversity Board E-mail: [email protected] web: www.keralabiodiversity.org Chairman Dr. S.C. Joshi IFS(Retd)

Project Investigators Dr. B. Sandhya IPS

Investigators Dr. Venugopalakrishna Kurup Dr. N.P Sureshbabu Dr. T.A Suresh

Field work Sujith V. Gopalan

Design & Data Compilation Praveen.KP

Plant Taxonomy expert Prof.T.K Dineshkumar

@Kerala State Biodiversity Board 2017

ISBN:

Published by: Dr. S.C. Joshi IFS(Retd) Chairman

Kerala State Biodiversity Board E-mail: [email protected] web: www.keralabiodiversity.org Floral diversity of Armed Police Camps A rapid in Kerala - assessment

Foreword i

Preface ii

Acknowledgement iii

Introduction vi

Habit, Status & Distribution for Plants 3

Index to Scientific names 123

Index to Malayalam names 127

Index to Common names 136

Index to Campwise distribution 139

References 147 preface

Dr.V. BALAKRISHNAN Member Secretary Kerala State Biodiversity Board ii Acknowledgement

The moral support and interest shown by Dr. Suresh.C. Joshi IFS (Retd.) Chairman, Kerala State Biodiversity Board (KSBB), Dr. Oommen V. Oommen, Former Chairman, KSBB, Dr. Dinesan Cheruvat, Former Member Secretary, KSBB, Mr. Lokanath Behera IPS, Director General of Police, Kerala and Dr. B. Sandhya IPS, Addl. Director General of Police, South Zone, Kerala Police, are acknowledged with due respect. The financial support of the study by the Kerala State Biodiversity Board is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank the police officers of various police camps in Kerala for their immense help and support. We also place on record the services of Dr. Venugopalakrishna Kurup, Principal, NSS College, Anakkara P.O, Palakkad District Dr. A.K Pradeep, Department of Botany Calicut University and Prof. T.K. Dinesh Kumar, taxonomic expert and Mr.Sujith V. Gopalan, Project Associate, KSBB for their immense help for the completion of the book and the India Biodiversity Portal and efloraindia for sharing high resolution images. Also, extending our thanks to Shri. Praveen.KP, Graphic designer, Dr.C.G. Pradeep Post Doctoral Fellow in the Kerala State Biodiversity Board.

iii foreword

Member Secretary Kerala State Biodiversity Board

iv Introduction

Biodiversity is a most precious gift that nature has provided to human beings to meet his basic requirements. Extensive plant and animal diversity have a crucial role in the sustainable existence of the biosphere. Human and other animals depends on plants for food, protection, medium timber, fibre, water etc. directly and life supporting ecosystem services indirectly. In fact, plants are in a way the most important component of the various ecosystems and are responsible for sustainable existence of other micro flora and fauna. Study of plant diversity in a region is an indicator of ecological health of that particular region. In this context, floristic studies are an inevitable process not only to understand the health and status of biodiversity but also to safeguard the ecological assets of an area by implementing conservation actions. The first step in ascertaining plant diversity of a particular area is to catalogue them in to systematic taxonomic methods. Once the details of existing plant biodiversity is analyzed in terms of their ecological and economical importance, they can be further categorized into Rare, Endangered and Threatened (RET) species, key stone species or medicinal, commercial and highly valuable species.

India, a large mass of land about 329 m ha in area, is the seventh largest and the one among the 12 mega biodiversity countries of the world, and supporting two of the 35 global biodiversity hot spots (the North- eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats). India, having 2.4% of global area with 12.5 % of floral diversity, and has about 18,664 taxa of vascular plants with 5725 endemics. Since the publication of the “Flora of British India” between 1872 to 1897, over 3,400 species have been added to the flora of the Indian Territory. Despite being mega biodiversity centre management of biodiversity has not received adequate attention from the Governments and society in India.

However, this richness of biodiversity is not uniformly distributed in the country. Assessment above most of the biodiversity is concentrated in the two biodiversity hot spot regions. Besides, with in these regions, anthropogenic factors have further lead to lost and degradation of biodiversity in various places. Consequently, into the present times though broad biodiversity rich regions are identified the extent and the nature of biodiversity these regions to other regions largely dependent on management, of various ecosystems. Accordingly, these ecosystems such as forests in general and national parks and sanctuaries in particular which are managed on the basis of time tested rules and plans, which are still having biodiversity rich areas andare less affected by anthropogenic factors. However, many ecosystems such as mangroves, sacted groves, river banks, coastal areas etc. Are under various degrees of degradation due to inadequate management systems. It is due to this reason, that biodiversity sometimes noticed in unexpected places. Few such places are well managed are army areas, other uniform services institutes like police, border security force, armed battalion etc. Kerala State Biodiversity Board v Background of the study

In Kerala, due to special attention provided by successive heads of certain institutions of Police, Armed police, Special Police forces in their campuses rich biodiversity is noticed. For ensuring maintenance and creating awareness about the existing biodiversity in these institutions one of the IPS officers, Dr. B. Sandhya, Additional Director General of Polices had requested Kerala State Biodiversity Board to undertake study of mapping vegetation of various police camps and battalions.

Accordingly, during this year from 2017 to 2018 Kerala State Biodiversity Board has undertaken vegetation mapping o the following camps and battalions;

Kerala Police Academy (KEPA)

Kerala Police Academy (KEPA) inaugurated established in 2004. KEPA is headed by Director in the rank of Inspector General of Police. The Academy runs full-term basic courses for sub-inspectors, constables, women constables, drivers and telecommunication wing constables. It also runs short-term courses and in-service courses for various ranks. Spread over an area of 348 acres (1.4 km²), the Academy is designed to have a capacity of training 1950 trainees of various ranks which is one of the highest in India. Built at a cost of Rs. 220 million, the Academy has indoor training facility to train 1200 people at a time, a main parade ground of 7.5 acres and a sports complex ground of 3.5 acres. The Academy has got a 300 yards firing range. The MT school of the Academy can train 300 drivers at a time. There is also a police dog training center and kennel which can train 18 dogs at a time. Kerala Police Academy is the main training centre of Kerala Police. The Academy will cater to the training needs of all officers of police department including IPS officers. Kerala Police Academy gives training in Management, Traffic, Communication, Computers, Swimming, driving, Transport and Forensics. Seminars and workshops on topics of current relevance are conducted.

Kerala State Biodiversity Board vi Kerala Armed Police I (KAP I)

KAP I battalion is situated at Ramavarmapuram in Thrissur district. This battalion lies in between Kerala Police Academy and Armed Reserve camp in Thrissur. Government sanctioned the formation of a battalion designated as Kerala Armed Police for the central range with Headquarters at Thrissur under the control of Deputy Inspector General. The battalion consists of one Headquarters company and six active companies. The existing land area is nearly 11 hectares with wide range of plants.

Kerala Armed Police II (KAP II)

Kerala Armed Police II (KAP II) battalion is situated at Muttikulangara, in Palakkad District which is 10 km. away from the Palakkad Town. This battalion is one among the outstanding battalions which was formed in 1974. This battalion is performing its duties in the areas of maintaining law and order, crowd control, general election inside and outside the State, duties at communally disturbed areas etc. The main objective of this battalion is to assist local police in maintaining law and order in the society. The feeder districts of this battalion are Thrissur and Palakkad. The Commandant is the Chief of a Battalion and who is assisted by the Deputy Commandant and Assistant Commandants in administrative matters.

Kerala State Biodiversity Board vii Kerala Armed Police II (Detachment)

Kerala Armed Police II battallion has a detachment camp at Nilambur (KAP II detachment) in Malappuram District. This is located in the area of Nilambur forest division, and on the banks of river Chaliyar. Earlier this camp was the sub camp of Malabar Special Police and the land for this camp was provided on lease by the Nilambur forest division in 1925. Later, during 1976 after the formation of KAPII battalion, MSP handed over this camp to KAP II battalion. Since then this camp was maintained and operated by the KAP II battalion as its detachment camp. The proposed land area of this camp is about 8.66 hectares (21.4) acres.

Kerala Armed Police V (Detachement) The Kerala Armed Police thV battalions located in Maniyar, Pathanamthitta district, spread in an area of 9.40 hectares, which is only seven kilometers away from Vadasserikkara a major halting place for the Sabarimala pilgrims and only 60 kilometers from Sabarimala Temple located in the southern portion of Periyar Tiger Reserve. The battalion lies in the Chittar Range of Ranni Forest division. The southern border area of the battalion ends in to the Maniyar Dam which is a major aqua duct in the Pampa irrigation Project constructed during 1961.

Kerala State Biodiversity Board viii The present battalions area and buildings being used as the accommodation for the construction staff of the Maniyar Dam Project and later it converted as the detachment camp for KAP IIIrd battalion and later transferred as the Main Camp of KAP Vth battalions during 1960’s. The area consisting of Grassland ecosystem and the present vegetation formed as a result of plant succession due to limitation of human interaction with the land. The adjacent area outside battalion consisting of plantations, reserved forests, tribal settlements and cultivated land. Malabar Special Police

The Malabar Special Police (MSP) is a paramilitary unit of the State Police of Kerala. The MSP was specially formed to deal with the social unrest in the region during 1920s. The Headquarters of this battalion is at Malappuram. This unit also trains new recruits and also helps the local police units to maintain law and order during emergencies. During emergencies, this unit forms the riot police platoons fully equipped with riot gear. This Police unit is known for its extraordinary tough training and the high quality of its firing and military drills. The total present strength of Malabar Special Police is seven companies.

Rapid response and rescue force(rrrf) State Rapid Action Force was formed for handling riots, riotous situations arising out of religious and communal clashes. This battalion comprises about 88 acres of land and conducting Disaster Management training in collaboration with National Disaster Response Team. This Battalions is situated in Pandikkad Village in Malappuram District with a land of 88 Acres. Formerly this battalions was a component of Malabar Special Police (MSP) which was a former Military Police Unit of British India Army. MSP was formed in 1884 with a Head Quarters at Malappuram. During Mopilah Revolt in 1921, the then malabar region experienced problems related to maintenance of law and order. British Government used this camp for suppressing the native disturbances and revolts prevailed in the area. In the post independence period, MSP became the part of Madras

1 State Police and in 1956 it was merged to the Kerala Police as the 1st Camp at Pandikkad was one of its main training camps. The land and buildings are handed over by MSP for the formation of State.

List of Police Camps Visited

Sl.No. Camp Name Area(ha.) District Camp code

KERALA POLICE Ramavarmapuram, KEPA 1 ACADEMY 141 THRISSUR KERALA ARMED Ramavarmapuram, KAP I 2 POLICE (KAP1) 10.5 THRISSUR KERALA ARMED Muttikulangara, KAP II 3 POLICE(KAPII) 8.66 PALAKKAD KERALA ARMED Nilambur, POLICE(KAP II- KAP II (Dt.) 4 8.75 Malappuram Detachment) KERALA ARMED Maniyar, POLICE (KAP V- KAP V (Dt.) 5 9.04 pathanamthitta Detachment ) MALABAR SPECIAL Areecode, MSP (Ade.) 6 POLICE 12.20 Malappuram RAPID RESPONSE and Pandikkad, RRRF 7 RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) 35.6 Malappuram

Symbols used in this book

Pink colour -Plant distribution map

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

i Invasive plant

More Malayalam names

2 earpod wattle / A¡

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Acacia auriculiformis Benth. i

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Australia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF s] 

Soap bark / 

Acacia caesia (L.) Willd.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.)     

KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 3 Mangium / 

Acacia mangium Willd.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Australia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II,RRRF

Prickly chaff flower / 

Achyranthes aspera L.

Family : Amaranthaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V(Dt.)  

Adenanthera pavonia L.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 

Polpala / 

Aerva lanata (L.) Juss.

Family : Amaranthaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Tropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I 

Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.

Family : Simaroubaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo- Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II(Dt.), MSP (Ade.) 

Maharukh /  

Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston

Family : Simaroubaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & Australia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP I 

Alangium salviifolium (L.f.) Wang.

Family : Alangiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II(Dt.), KAP II, MSP (Ade.) At¦m-Sw, At¦m-en-I, Acn-ªnÂ, Agn-¶n, Ccn-ªnÂ, Imcy-t¦m-ew, Inwcn

Lebbek tree/ 

Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Multi purpose Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KEPA, RRRF  hmI, hmI,  hmI  

Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP 1, KEPA, RRRF s\³ta\n hmI, Im«phmI, IcnhmI, Icnw XI-c, hmI

Rain tree /  

Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr.

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : South America USE : Avenue tree Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF Dd¡wXq§nacw

Allamanda cathartica L.

Family : Apocynaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA tImfm¼n devil tree /  

Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.

Family : Apocynaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP II(Dt.), KAP I, KAP II, KAP V(Dt.), MSP (Ade.) ssZh-]m-e, awKf ]me, ]me, b£n ]me

Anacardium occidentale L.

Family : Anacardiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : South America USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP I I¸ amhv, ]d¦namhv

CROW KILLER / 

Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight & Arn.

Family : Menispermaceae Habit : Climber

NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA Kcm-^-e, sImÃ¡mb, \©p-h-Ån, s]äp-a-cp-¶, s]mÃm, s]mÅImbv

Annona reticulata L.

Family : Annonaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Central America &West Indies USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP III (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.) cmkX, B¯, cma N¡-a-cw, hm-¯n, ]d-¦n-¨¡ sugar apple / 

Annona squamosa L.

Family : Annonaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Central America &West Indies USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II B¯, B¯-¨-¡, Bar-X-¡m-bv, koX-¸gw

Antidesma montanum Blume

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) ]p¯-c-hmÂ

Lindley’s Aporosa / 

Aporosa cardiosperma (Gaertn.) Merr.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF F¨n-Â, Cu¨nÂ, sIm«n-en, s]m³sh-«n

Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSF (Ade.), RRRF N¡ acw, ]nemhv, N¡, sIm«N¡ ayani / 

Artocarpus hirsutus Lam.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : India (Western Ghats) USE : Edible Status : Endemic

KAP II, KEPA Ab-\n, Bªnen , sF\n N¡

Artocarpus incisus (Thunb.) L.f.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Pacific Islands USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP I IS-¨-¡, IS-¹m-hv, koa ¹mhv

Asparagus / 

Asparagus racemosus Willd.

Family : Asparagaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V(Dt.) NXhÃn, iXm-h-en, Xfn-s¨-dn-b, Xmfn-s]-cn-b

Averrhoa bilimbi L.

Family : Oxalidaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP V(Dt.) _neo-_n, _nen¼n, sN½o³]p-fn, Nn¼n-fn, Ccp-¼³]p-fn, Iocn-¨-¡, ]pfn-©n, hnen¼n

Indian lilac / 

Azadirachta indica A.Juss.

Family : Meliaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II(Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) BbpÀth-¸v, ssI¸n³th-¸v, \n¼w, th¸v

Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss

Family : Poaceae Habit : Shrub

NATIVE : Asia USE : Multipurpose Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II,, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), MSF (Ade.) IÀ½-cw, apf, ap©, ap¦nÂ, Im_v, IWn-bm-cw, ]«nÂ

malabar bauhinia / 

Bauhinia malabarica Roxb.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA, RRRF Bcw-]p-fn

Bauhinia purpurea L.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Least Concern

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.)

Little Tree Plant / 

Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC.

Family : Oxalidaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Xom-hmSn

Bixa orellana L.

Family : Bixaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA a¦nssaem-©n, Ipcp-¶p-a-ªÄ, knµqcw

Hogweed / 

Boerhavia diffusaL.

Family : Nyctaginaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Xan-gm-a, Xhn-gm-a, Xan-gm-a, XcW

Bombax ceiba L.

Family : Bombacaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Asia & New Guinea USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF Fem-hv, In-em-hv, tam¨, apÅn-em-hv, ]ªn-a-cw, ]n¨n-Ã, ]qf, ]qcm-Wn, ]qf-a-cw, D¶-ap-cn¡v

Palmyra palm / 

Borassus flabellifer L.

Family : Arecaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Africa USE : Furniture Status : Data deficient

KEPA A¼\

Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fisch.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pacific Islands USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Nph¶ \ncq-cn, ]mhe ]pÃ, ]hne ]qf

Spinous Kino Tree / .

Briedelia retusa (L.) A.Juss.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo malaya USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), KAP II, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) Akza-cw, ssI\n, Imin, ISp-Ip-a-cw, tIma-³Pn, ap¡m-bn-\n, apÅp-a-cp-Xv, apf-¡m-bn\n KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 20 Climbing Bridelia / 

Briedelia stipularis (L.) Blume

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : India USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) sNdp-I-]-\-¨n, sNdp-¸-\-¨n, I©n-t¡m-«w

Flame of the forest / 

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II, KEPA {_Ò-hr-£w, ap¡-¸p-bw, ¹miv

Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Climber

NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II Ifn-a-c-Iw, Ig-©n-¡pcp

Gold mohur /  

Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Shrub

NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II sN«n-am-´cw, abnÂsIm¶, sX¨n-a-µm-cw, cmP-a-Ãn, tk«n-a-µmcw

Caesalpinia sappan L.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP I, KEPA ]mSm-Mv, k¸¶w

Heart of Jesus / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Caladium bicolor (Ait.ex Dryand.) Vent. i

Family : Araceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : South America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.)

Callicarpa tomentosa (L.) L.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II Im«p-tX-¡v, s\¿v Ip¼nÄ, \Ã-t]m-¼nÂ, ]nsN-¦-f, ]pfn-b³ tX¡v, Xncn s]cp-th-ew, sXws]-cp-hÃw

Milkweed / 

Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand.

Family : Asclepiadaceae Habit : Shrub

NATIVE : Tropical Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) Znt\-kw, Gcn-¡-e sNSn, shÅFcn¡v

Cansjera rheedei J.F.Gmel.

Family : Opiliaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia & Australia USE : Food Status : Data deficient

KEPA

wild jessamine / 

Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) Alston

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub

NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) I-Im-c, I«m-c-ap-Åv, aZ-I-c, Imc

Canthium angustifolium Roxb.

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub

NATIVE : India & Mynmar USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.)   

Freshwater Mangrove / 

Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr.

Family : Rhizophoraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia & Australia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II h¦-W, hc-§, hcp§v

Careya arborea Roxb.

Family : Lecythidaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II Bew, Be-kq, t]cp pappaya / 

Carica papaya L.

Family : Caricaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II Aw]-¸m-b, IÀ½m-Zn, IÀaq-kv, I¸f-§, Hma-¡m-bv, ]m¸m-fn, I¸-¡

Caryota urens L.

Family : Arecaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Ornamental & Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II Nq¸-\, Cucp-¼-\, Ifn-¸-\, I¸, Hem-«n¸-\, Cc-¼\

Indian laburnum / 

Cassia fistulaL.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II IÀWn-Im-cw, IWn, IrX-a-ew, kzÀ®hncw

Castanospermum australe A.Cunn. & C.Fraser

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Australia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

RRRF, KAP II

Casuarina tree / 

Casuarina equisetifoliaL.

Family : Casuarinaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Australia USE : Multi purpose Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II KAP I, RRRF, KAP II Bcp, Nmhp-¡p, Nmh-¡m-a-cw, Nqf, kmw]n-cmWn

Cayratia pedata (Lam.) Gagnep.

Family : Vitaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Vulnerable

KEPA {Sn¸Sn

Intellect plant / 

Celastrus paniculatus Willd.

Family : Celastraceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

RRRF, KAP II tPymXnjvaXn, InÅn-¯n \n¸ªn, ]mep-gm-hmw, hmep-gmhmw

Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.

Family : Apiaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Asia & Africa USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP V (Dt.) sImS-§Ä, IpS-I³, IpXnc Ipf¼p sNSn, apªnÄ, shÅd

Spurred Butterfly Pea / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Centrosema molle Benth. i

Family : Fabaceae Habit : Climber

NATIVE : America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KEPA

Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), RRRF ba-dn, shÅ-¡p-dn-ªn, Idp¯ kÀ¸ KÔn

SPIRAL GINGER / 

Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) C.D.Specht

Family : Costaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) B\¸q, N¶, N\ Iqh, ae-h-b-¼v, \dpw N¶, \p sN¶

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Chromolaena odorata (L.) King & Robins. i

Family : Asteraceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : South America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF Bkmw ]¨ star apple / 

Chrysophyllum cainito L.

Family : Sapotaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : West Indies USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II

Cinnamomum verum J.Presl

Family : Lauraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

RRRF FS-¶, Fdn-t¡m-ew, Ce-hÀKw, I¨-Iw, ImcqÀ, Idp-h, Ip´ssIa-cw, im´-acw, Xa-e, hb\

Fiddle wood / 

Cissus latifoliaLam.

Family : Vitaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II DuªmÂhÅn

Citharexylum spinosum L.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : West indies USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA

Lemon /  

Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f.

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) sNdp-\m-c-Iw, HSn-¨p-Ip¯n \mcIw

Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Hook.f.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Vulnerable

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA,KAP II HmSIp

/ 

Cleome burmanni Wight & Arn.

Family : Capparidaceae Habit : Herb

NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.)

Clerodendrum infortunatum L.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II ]cm-Kv, s]cn-thew, t]dn-bn-ew, s]cp-Iv, s]cp-hv

BLEEDING HEART /  

Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Africa USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

RRRF »oUnwKvlmÀ«

Clitoria ternatea L.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, RRRF, KAP V(Dt.), KAP II BcmÂ, Im¡-Ww-Iq-Sn, ae-b-apJn

Ivory gourd / 

Coccinia grandis (L.) Voight

Family : Cucurbitaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KEPA tImh tImh

Cocos nucifera L.

Family : Arecaceae Habit : Tree

NATIVE : South-East Asia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF tX§, tImt¡m-\«v croton / 

Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex A.Juss.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pacific Islands USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.)

Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) Engl.

Family : Burseraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA CSn-ªnÂ, Infn-¸ªn acw, Ingn§nÂ, Ingphw

Indian Zebrawood / 

Connarus monocarpus L.

Family : Connaraceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) ]pgp-¡SnImb

Cosmostigma racemosum (Roxb.) Wight

Family : Asclepiadaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP II, RRRF ht«mew sacred garlic pear / 

Crataeva religiosa G.Forst.

Family : Capparaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) amh-enw-Kw

Cucumis maderaspatana (L.) Roem.

Family : Cucurbitaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.)  

BLACK MUSALE / 

Curculigo orchioides Gaertn.

Family : Hypoxidaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.) s\Â]-\

Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob.

Family : Asteraceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) ]qhmw- Ip-dp-´e, ]ncn-\, ]phw- sIm-gn-ªmÂ

SMALL PRICKLY CHAFF FLOWER /  

Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume

Family : Amaranthaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Nph¶ IS-emSn

Cycas circinalis L.

Family : Cycadaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo - Malesia & Africa USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) N\, NmWm-¸³, Ne-§, FS-´p, Cu´n³]\, Ie-a-cw, Ien-¦, I\m³

PATA ROOT / 

Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson

Family : Menispermaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II ]S-In-g-§p, ]mS-¯m-fn, ]«n-s¨-hn-b³

Dalbergia latifolia Roxb.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Timber Status : Vulnerable

KAP I, KAP II tNme-ho-«n, Cu«n, Icn-ho-«n

INDIAN DALABERGIA /  

Dalbergia sissoo DC.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) Ccp-hnÂ, kokw

Datura metel L.

Family : Solanaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II aZm-\-w, Idp-Ip-am-Xm, Icn-b-½-«, IÀ½-«p, \oe-D-½w, Hma-¯n³ssI

GUL MOHUR / 

Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Africa USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Ae-kn-¸q-a-cw, A\-kn-¸q-a-cw

Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Not Available

KAP II ]pÃmSn

Creeping Tick Trefoil / 

Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo Malesia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

RRRF, KAP II, KEPA sNdp-]p-Ãm-Sn, sNdp-¸-Ãm-Sn, Ip¶ ]me, \new ]pÃm-Sn

Diospyros buxifolia (Blume) Hiern

Family : Ebenaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II, KAP V(Dt.) ae-ap-cn-§m, Fen-¨p-gn, Im«n-Xp-h-c, sXmh-c-I-dn, sXmhc

Coromandel ebony / 

Diospyros candolleana Wight

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Vulnerable

KEPA, KAP II, KAP I -I-mcn

Dypsis lutescens (Wendl.) Beentje & J.Dransf.

Family : Arecaceae Habit : Shurb NATIVE : Africa USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP I, KAP V (Dt.)

FALSE DAISY / 

Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.

Family : Asteraceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP V (Dt.) ssIbm³-þ-X-Ic, Iªp-®n, I¿q¶n

Elephantopus scaber L.

Family : Asteraceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) B\-¨p-h-Sn, A\-bm-Sn-b³, Iqªn-cn-¡, Hä-th-c³, sXmapªn

Malabar Embelia / 

Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Roem. & Schult.) DC.

Family : Myrsinaceae Habit : Shurb NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KEPA A½n-ap-dn-b³, CuimÂ

Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex DC.

Family : Asteraceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Africa & Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) , Hcns¨mgn-bm³

Rock Banana / 

Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman.

Family : Musaceae Habit : Shurb NATIVE : India USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KAP II (Dt.) ae-hmg

Erythrina variegata L.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & africa USE : Softwood Status : Least Concern

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) IeymWapÅpapcp¡

Yukkali / 

Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.

Family : Myrtaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Australia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, RRRF, KEPA

Euphorbia tirucalliL.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP II KpZ, Im«-cpa¡fn, tImÂ¡-fn, ]miw, Xncp¡Ån

DEVIL'S BACKBONE / 

Euphorbia tithymaloides L.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shurb NATIVE : West Indies USE : Ornamental Status : Least Concern

KEPA, KAP II

Ficus auriculata Lour.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA koaA¯n

BENYAN TREE / 

Ficus benghalensis L.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) BÂ acw, t]cmÂ, BÄ, \yt{Km[w, hS-hr£w

Ficus carica L.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.)

assam rubber /  

Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Least Concern

KAP I

Ficus exasperata Vahl

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Africa & Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II ]md-Iw

devil fig / 

Ficus hispida L.f.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo Malesia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Fcpa \m¡v, ]c-¡w, t]bm-«n, sXmn-tX-cIw, tXmn

Ficus racemosa L.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II A¯n-þ-BÂ, P´p-^-ew, DSp-¼cw peepal tree / 

Ficus religiosa L.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Ad-kp, Aiz-°w, t_m[n hr£w, XpÅÂ

Ficus tsjahela Burm. f.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) BÂ, tNe, Ic

Mountain Sweet Thorn /  

Flacourtia montana J.Graham

Family : Flacourtiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II NfnÀ ]-gw, NcÂ ]gw, Imäp-tem-bvI, apdn-¸¨, ss]s\-Ãn-¡, h¿-¦bvX KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 58 Cape jasmine / 

Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.)

Paper Flower Climber / 

Getonia floribunda Roxb.

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) ]pÃmªn, hc-h-Ån

Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : South america USE : Fodder Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II koasIm¶

Umbrella Cheese Tree / 

Glochidion zeylanicum (Gaertn.) A.Juss.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

RRRF ]¶n-ap«n

Gloriosa superba L.

Family : Liliaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP II Imt´Â, Icn-bn-em©n, ae-Xm-a-c, tat´m-¶n, sh\vtdmWn

Gin Berry / 

Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC.

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo malaya USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP II Ip«n-¸-t¶Â, Ipdpw ]mWÂ, ]m©n

Gmelina arborea Roxb.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) Ipan-fv, Ipan-g³ ]gw, Ipan-gv, tkh\

shiral / 

Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi

Family : Tiliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II tIm«, tIm«¡

Grewia tiliifoliaV ahl

Family : Tiliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & Africa USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II NS-¨n, [\z¶ hr£w haldu / 

Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II _mcm-Ivdmw, IS-¼, aª IS-¼p, aew IS-¼p

Helicteres isora L.

Family : Sterculiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.),RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Cuiz-c-aq-cn, ssIh-ew, Ibn-\-cv, ImbnhnÃ-\m-cv, Ign-hp-fw, hew-]ncn

Indian sarsaparilla / 

Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult.

Family : Periplocaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Im¸n-s¡m-Sn, \¶m-dn, \dp-\o- n, \dp-\n³eo, \dp-t\m-«n, ]In-S, ]d-hÅn KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 64 Wild Hibiscus / 

Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff.

Family : Malvaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II, RRRF A\n-¨w, Ime-]q, a¯n-¸pfn, ap¸-d-¨w, \c-\m-¼p-fn, ]\-t¨mÂ, ]\n-¨-Iw, ]¨¸pfn

Hibiscus / 

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.

Family : Malvaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pacific islands USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Bbw-]m-c-¯n

Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don

Family : Apocynaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II IS-e-¸m-e, IYm-the¸cn-s´m-en

Malabar marking nut /  

Holigarna arnottiana Hook.f.

Family : Anacardiacae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Southern Western Ghats USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

RRRF, KEPA, KAP II tNc, tNcp, Nmcp, Im«p-tNc

Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch.

Family : Ulmaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA BthÂ, BhnÂ, BthÂIpcp-¶p, sR«m-thÂ thingam / .

Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb.

Family : Dipterocarpaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Southern Western Ghats USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

RRRF C¿-Iw, Ce-s]m-§v, Ccp-¼-Iw, I¼-Iw, \Sp-hens¸m§p, ss\X-¼-Iw, \mbn-cn-¸p KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 67 Alpine Almond / 

Hydnocarpus alpina Wight

Family : Flucourticeae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I BäpN¦-e, ae-a-tcm-«n, aeac-sh-«n, ]nt\Àsh«n, hnf-acw

American Mint /  

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. i

Family : Labiatae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II

Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T.Aiton

Family : Apocyanaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo - Malesia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II ]mÀhÅn balsam weed / 

Impatiens balsamina L.

Family : Balsaminaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) ta¨n§w, sXm«-Nn-Wp§n

Ixora coccinea L.

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) sj¡n, Im«psN¯n, sX¨n, sXän

fragrant ixora /  

Ixora finlaysoniana Wall. ex G.Don

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

EPA, KAP II

Jasminum angustifolium (L.) Willd.

Family : Oleaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) Im«p- a-Ãn-I arabian jasmine / 

Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton

Family : Oleaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KAP V (Dt.) sNdp- ]n¨Iw, IpS-apÃ

Jatropha curcas L.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) I½-«n, Im«p-h-W¡v, \©p-]-¯mÂ

Ben Teak / 

Lagerstroemia microcarpa Wight

Family : Lythraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Western Ghats USE : Timber Status : Endangered

KEPA, MSP (Ade.) shÅn-e-hv

Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.

Family : Lythraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Ornamental & Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, RRRF, KEPA AS-t¼m, tNmfm h³ tX¡v, aWnacp-Xv, \nÀamcpXv, ]qa-c-¯n

Jhingam / 

Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr.

Family : Anacardiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia & China USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KEPA A\-¡-cw, Ic-kv, Imcm-bw, Icn-em-hv, sImWm-¸S\mcm, H-Sn-b-a-cw, DZn-I-em-kw KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 73 l antana / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Lantana camara L. i

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : South America USE : Weed Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP I, KAPII, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF HmSIp

Henna plant / 

Lawsonia inermis L.

Family : Lythraceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), RRRF s]m³Xekn

Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr.

Family : Leeaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo - Malesia & China USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II sNmcnb´fn, Cc«bmWn, IpSsªgp¡p, aWnt]cn , RÅp , Rm¡v, Rmgp¡p, \ncv

Lead tree / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit i

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : America USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP I, KAPII, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF kp_mÄ

Leucas aspera (Willd.) Link

Family : Lamiaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Nncp¯p¼

Chandada / 

Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Müll.Arg.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & Andamans USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II s]mSn\n, sXmSpI®n, D¸ne, Ds¸mXn, h«

Madhuca neriifolia (Moon) H.J.Lam

Family : Sapotaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

KAP II (Dt.) Ce¸ , Im¯ncn¸ , \ocncn¸ , hÃ§n champak / 

Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

Family : Magnoliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia & China USE : Ornamental Status : Least Concern

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II N¼Iw

Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II sNs¦mÃn, I]ne, IpdaS¡p, Ipc§paªÄ, \qdnacw, s]m¶q, sjs¦mÃn, knµqcw

mango tree / 

Mangifera indica L.

Family : Anacardiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF Aacw, am§m, am¼gw, amhp, aq¨n

Manihot esculenta Crantz

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Brazil USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KEPA ac¡ng§p, I¸, sImÅn¡ng§p, ]qf¡ng§v

Chikku / 

Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen

Family : Sapotaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : South America USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Nn¡p

Melastoma malabathricum L.

Family : Melastomataceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.) AXncmWn, Ifws]m«n, If¯n, ajn¡mbv, sXmSp¡c

Melicope / 

Melicope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn.) T.G. Hartley

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Endangered

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.) I\e, ItWen, \miIw

Melochia corchorifolia L.

Family : Sterculiaceae Habit : Hrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Weed Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF

IRONWOOD TREE / 

Memecylon umbellatum Burm. f.

Family : Melastomataceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II ARvP\ acw, I-Wmen, Iembpw, I-¶mhv, Imbw]qacw, Ikhp, s\Spt©«n KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 81 Giant sensitive weed /  

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Mimosa diplotricha var. diplotricha c.wight ex Sanvalle i

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Weed Status : Not Available

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF h

touch me not / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Mimosa pudica L. i

Family : Mimosaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : South America USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF sXm«mÂhmSn, XomÀaWn

Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth.

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo-Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF KAP II (Dt.), KAP II ISaacw, \oÀ-IS¼v, ]q¨-IS¼v, kncnI-S-¼, ho¼p

Morinda tree / 

Morinda pubescens Sm.

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo- Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF KAP I, KEPA, KAP II aª]mhn«, ]mhn«, I«]näemhmw

Moringa oleifera Lam

Family : Moringaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Tropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) knKcv

CANDY CORN PLANT /  

Moullava spicata (Dalzell) Nicolson

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Western Ghats USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

KEPA, KAP II Im¡ þ IenwKhÃn

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo-Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) Idn-th¸v, th¸ne

BANANA / 

Musa × paradisiaca L.

Family : Musaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Tropics USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF IZfnhmg, t£{XIZfn, hmg¸gw, t\{´³, G¯¡mb

Mussaenda frondosa L.

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Peninsular India USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.) ]mdt¯msf, shÅne, shÅnew, shÅnambn¯fn, shÅs¸cpa

Ceylon Naravelia / 

Naravelia zeylanica (L.) DC.

Family : Ranunculaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II ssN\wsI«nsImSn, Ipdp¸t¡mSn, Idp¸s¡mSn, t]mb þv-- Xe¨n, s]mgp-Xe¨n, kq{X hÅn, XethZ\ hÅn, hmXtImSnhÅn

Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II Z[n^e, almhnÂhw, ae\mcIw, aYw, \mdn\mcIw, skÀIp«\mcIw, hnfm¯n

CADAM / 

Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser

Family : Rubiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II ImSmÀhmbpc, ImZw_cn, IS¼p, IZw_ þ hr£w, Im«pN¡, sImShc, shÅ¡S¼p KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 87 SACRED BASIL / 

Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

Family : Lamiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) tKmhnµ]pjv--]w, Xpfkn, Xr¯mhv, Idp¯ Xr¯mhv

Rose Sandalwood / 

Olea dioica Roxb.

Family : Oleaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II FS\m, FSe, tImÀ¡v, hbe, hb\, sh«ne, ]ecW

Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) K.Heyne

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V(Dt.)

Large-Flowered Bay Tree / 

Persea macrantha (Nees) Kosterm.

Family : Lauraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KEPA IpfnÀ-amhv, Ipdpa, aeamh v--, Dcamhp, Ddhv, Dudmhp

Persicaria glabra (Willd.) Gomez

Family : Polygonaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) sNdpap¡mem, Nph¶ apXeaq¡v

star gooseberry / 

Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Brazil USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP I \£{X s\Ãn, s\Ãn-¸pfn, s\Ãn¡ þ ]ufn, ]pfns\Ãn, koa s\Ãn

Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Tropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.) Iogms\Ãn, Incp¯m-s\Ãn, IngpIms\Ãn

Indian gooseberry / 

Phyllanthus emblica L.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Tropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II AaeIw

Phyllanthus myrtifolius (Wight) Müll.Arg.

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Srilanka USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP II

sunberry / 

Physalis angulata L.

Family : Solanaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Asia, Africa & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF AtPmUntªms«, s]m«ns¨Sn

Piper longum L.

Family : Piperaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo -malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF N]e, No\Xn¸en, Im«pXn¸en, aJmZn, ]n¸eo india, srilanka / 

Piper nigrum L.

Family : Piperaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF apfIpsImSn, \ÃapfIv

Plumeria obtusa L.

Family : Apocynaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Central America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II knab-emdn, shfp¯cfn

CEMETRY TREE / Ac-W-acw

Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites

Family : Annonaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Srilanka USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF AtimIw, tNcp¶, tNmd¶

Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Least Concern

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA,KAP V (Dt.), KAP II an\mcn, D§v, s]m¶w, ]p¶p, s]m§w

Climbing Aroid / 

Pothos scandens L.

Family : Araceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo Malesia & Madagascar USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.), KAP II B-\¸dh, ]cphtImSn

Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight & Arn.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Herb NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA

Guava / 

Psidium guajava L.

Family : Myrtaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF AS¡m¸gw, sIm¿m, ae¡t¸cm, s]e, t]c¡

Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KEPA Icth§, sh¶

RED SANDAL WOOD /  

Pterocarpus santalinus L.f.

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

KEPA sN©µ\w

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. i

Family : Papilionaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Cover crop Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF

SNAKE ROOT / 

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz

Family : Apocynaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II AaÂs¸mcn, AhÂ s]mcn, Nph¶ AhÂ s]mcn,hµphmg

Rauvolfia tetraphyllaL.

Family : Apocyanaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : West Indies USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II

castor oil plant / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Ricinus communis L. i

Family : Euphorbiaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Tropical Africa USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF AaÞw, NnämhW¡v, G-dmw, KÔÀhlkXIwv-- , sIm«acw

Santalum album L.

Family : Santalaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Medicinal Status : Vulnerable

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V(Dt.)

ASOKA TREE / 

Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Vulnerable

Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr.

Family : Sapindaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II Zq-Zfw, ]qh\w, ]qhw, ]qhw

MARKING NUT TREE / 

Semecarpus anacardium L.f.

Family : Anacardiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Africa & Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA Ae¡ptNcv, tNÀ-¡pcp, tNcp, t]À-¡pcp, kmw-_ncn, sSw]-d-¡p, sX³tIm« KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 101 coffee senna / 

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link i

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : South America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF amäm³ XIc, \m{XwXIc, t]bhncw, s]m¶cn, s]m¶cnhocw, s]m¶nb³ XIc

GOLDEN SHOWER /  

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Senna spectabilis (DC.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby i

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : South America USE : Ornamental Status : Least Concern

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.)

IVE PLA VAS NT IN S

Senna tora (L.) Roxb. i

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : South America USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF N{I aµmcIw, XIc

HORN BEAN LEAVED SIDE / 

Sida acuta Burm.f.

Family : Malvaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF B\Ipdpt´m«n, sNdp]dh, aewIpdpt´m«n, incp]cph

Sida rhombifolia L.

Family : Malvaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF h³Ipdpw tXm«n

Kumarika / 

Smilax zeylanica L.

Family : Smilacaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

Solanum torvum Sw.

Family : Solanaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Tropics & Sub tropics USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II, KEPA, KAP I, RRRF B\¨p, sNdnbmtamSvap«n¡, Nn¯ncwNp ,aewNp, ]d Np

AFRICAN TULIP TREE / 

Spathodea campanulata P.Beauv.

Family : Bignoniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Tropical Afrca USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) kv]mt¯mSnb

Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz

Family : Anacardiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II Im«¼gw, am-¼pfn, ]n¯Ww

spotted sterculia / 

Sterculia guttata Roxb. ex G.Don

Family : Sterculiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II Imhfw, Int¯mn, \mcpsImdp¼³, ]o\mdn, s]m«mþImhfw, tXmn KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 106 Yellow snake tree / 

Stereospermum tetragonum DC.

Family : Bignoniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo China & Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II ]mXncn, ]p¼m-Xncn, Icn§g, Iucn \Kud siamese rough bush / 

Streblus asper Lour.

Family : Moraceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo China & Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KEPA ZnÞpacw, ]c-hacw, ]mcpI

Strychnos nux-vomica L.

Family : Loganiaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II Cu«n, ImwKv--\emÂ, IWv-\ncw, Icocw

Big-Leaf Mahogany / 

Swietenia macrophylla King

Family : Meliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Central America USE : Timber Status : Vulnerable

KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) atlmKWn

Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.

Family : Meliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : America USE : Timber Status : Endangered

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF

SOUTH INDIAN PLUM / 

Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston

Family : Myrtaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Western Ghats & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels

Family : Myrtaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo - Malesia USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA Rmd, t]cn-¶cmÄ, henbRmhÂ

WAX APPLE / 

Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry

Family : Myrtaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India & Solomon Islands USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KAP II

Tabernaemontana alternifolia L.

Family : Apocyanaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Southern Western Ghats USE : Medicinal Status : Endangered

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF IpÞe¸me, Ip¶n³]me, Iq\w]me

TAMARIND TREE /  

Tamarindus indica L.

Family : Caesalpiniaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Tropical Africa USE : Edible Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II A¾w, _me]pfn, tImÂ]pfn, ]pfn

Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth

Family : Bignoniaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : South America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.)

teak / 

Tectona grandis L.f.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II

Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) Wight & Arn.

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II BäpacpXv, Im«pISp¡, IpfacpX , ]p-ga¯n, shÅw¯n, shÅacpXv, shÅneb

Bedda nut tree / 

Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India-Malesia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Xm¶n

Terminalia catappa L.

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Malaysia, North Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II A-Sacw, IS¸, sIm«-¡pcp, \m«p _Zmw, DuSÂ, XÃn þ tX§m

INDIAN LAUREL / 

Terminalia elliptica Willd.

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KEPA, RRRF Ipda-cpXv, a¯n, tX¼mhv

Terminalia paniculata Roth

Family : Combretaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : India USE : Timber Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II aª acpXvv, s]bvXa-cpXv, ]nÅ a-cpXv, ]pÃ a-cpXv, sh×cpXv

False Hemp Tree / 

Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br.

Family : Datiscaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Paleotropics USE : Softwood Status : Least Concern

KAP II, KEPA, KAP I, RRRF Nn\n, No\n, shÅ¸i

Thevetia peruviana (Pers.)K.Schum.

Family : Apocyanaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Tropical America USE : Ornamental Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II(Dt.), MSP (Ade.) amXmcfn, ]¨mden

Moon creeper / 

Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers

Family : Menispermaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II AarXv, Aar-XhÅn, kn²marXv

Toona ciliata Roem.

Family : Meliaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia USE : Timber Status : Least Concern

KAP I, RRRF B-cmWm, Xp¶w, shSn-sh¼p, GI\, Nµ\th¼p, CI\, aZKncn- sh¼p, ]mSpId¶, sh¼p

CHARCOL TREE / 

Trema orientalis (L.) Blume

Family : Ulmaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Africa, Asia & Australia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II Ba¯men, BÀWn, A½t]m«n, Aa-cv¯n, Ban, Pmh´n, Hamacw, s]m«am, s]m«acw, Xpn\mcv KERALA POLICE ACADEMY (KEPA), KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1), KERALA ARMED POLICE(KAPII), KERALA ARMED POLICEKAP II (Dt.), KERALA ARMED POLICE KAP V (Dt.), MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE MSP (Ade.), RAPID RESPONSE and RESCUE FORCE(RRRF) Kerala State Biodiversity Board 117 FALSE WHITE TEAK / 

Trewia nudiflora L.

Family : Ulmaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.) A½mWI, ss\Ip¼nÄ, ]¼c¡p¼nÄ, Xhfacw

BURWEED / 

Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq.

Family : Tiliaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Weed Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF H«pIbmÂ

Urena lobata L.

Family : Malvaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP V (Dt.), KAP II Noen, Ipdphs¨Sn, DXncw, Ddmw, hs«mcw indian Uvaria / 

Uvaria narum (Dunal) Wall.

Family : Annonaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : South India & Srilanka USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP I, KAP II, KAP II (Dt.) sImc]gw, IqcnÂhÅn, \dpw]m\mÂ

Vitex negundo L.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Indo-Malesia & China USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II C{µmWn, Icns\m¨n, shs¶m¨n

ARABIAN LILAC / 

Vitex trifolia L.

Family : Verbenaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Pantropical USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA shÅs\m¨n

Wrightia tinctoria R.Br.

Family : Apocyanaceae Habit : Tree NATIVE : Asia & Timor USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II A¿¸me, ASpsIm¼m, Ccp¼f, I¼n¸me, sImSI¸me, \oe¸me, X«m³ þNhW, Xn®w¸me, sXm]mem, sh«p]me

Indian prickly ash / 

Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC.

Family : Rutaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Indo Malesia USE : Softwood Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.) sIm¯papcn¡v, apÅnew

Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill.

Family : Rhamnaceae Habit : Climber NATIVE : Tropical Asia & Australia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP II sNdnbe´, NpcnapÅp, sIm¯hÃn, tImss«]gw, apÅn, apÅnew

Wild Jujube / 

Ziziphus rugosa Lam.

Family : Rhamnaceae Habit : Shrub NATIVE : Asia USE : Medicinal Status : Data deficient

KEPA, KAP II Pqen, aewXpSen, sXmSen

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 122 Index to Scientific Name

Acacia auriculiformis Benth. 3 Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f.) C.E.C.Fisch. 20 Acacia caesia (L.) Willd. 3 Briedelia retusa (L.) A.Juss. 20 Acacia mangium Willd. 4 Briedelia stipularis (L.) Blume 21 Achyranthes aspera L. 4 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. 21 Adenanthera pavonina L. 5 Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. 22 Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. 5 Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. 22 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb. 6 Caesalpinia sappan L. 23 Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston 6 Caladium bicolor (Ait.ex Dryand)Vent. 23 Alangium salviifolium (L.f.) Wang. 7 Callicarpa tomentosa (L.) L. 24 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. 7 Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand. 24 Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr. 8 Cansjera rheedei J.F.Gmel. 25 Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. 8 Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) 25 Allamanda cathartica L. 9 Alston Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. 9 Canthium angustifolium Roxb. 26 Anacardium occidentale L. 10 Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. 26 Anamirta cocculus (L.) Wight & Arn. 10 Careya arborea Roxb. 27 Annona reticulata L. 11 Carica papaya L. 27 Annona squamosa L. 11 Caryota urens L. 28 Antidesma montanum Blume 12 Cassia fistula L. 28 Castanospermum australe A.Cunn. & Aporosa cardiosperma (Gaertn.) Merr. 12 29 C.Fraser Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. 13 Casuarina equisetifolia L. 29 Artocarpus hirsutus Lam. 13 Cayratia pedata (Lam.) Gagnep. 30 Artocarpus incisus (Thunb.) L.f. 14 Celastrus paniculatus Willd. 30 Asparagus racemosus Willd. 14 Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. 31 Averrhoa bilimbi L. 15 Centrosema molle Benth. 31 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. 15 Chassalia curviflora (Wall.) Thwaites 32 Bambusa bambos (L.) Voss 16 Cheilocostus speciosus (J.Koenig) 32 Bauhinia malabarica Roxb. 16 C.D.Specht Bauhinia purpurea L. 17 Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King 33 Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. 17 & H.Rob. Bixa orellana L. 18 Chrysophyllum cainito L. 33 Boerhavia diffusa L. 18 Cinnamomum verum J.Presl 34 Bombax ceiba L. 19 Cissus latifolia Lam. 34 Borassus flabellifer L. 19 Citharexylum spinosum L. 35 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 123 Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. 35 Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC. ex DC. 51 Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Benth. ex Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman 51 36 Hook.f. Erythrina variegata L. 52 Cleome burmanni Wight & Arn. 36 Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. 52 Clerodendrum infortunatum L. 37 Euphorbia tirucalli L. 53 Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.f. 37 Euphorbia tithymaloides L. 53 Clitoria ternatea L. 38 Ficus auriculata Lour. 54 Coccinia grandis 38 Ficus benghalensis L. 54 Cocos nucifera L. 39 Ficus carica L. 55 Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. ex 39 Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. 55 A.Juss. Ficus exasperata Vahl 56 Commiphora caudata (Wight & Arn.) 40 Engl. Ficus hispida L.f. 56 Connarus monocarpus L. 40 Ficus racemosa L. 57 Cosmostigma racemosum (Roxb.) Wight 41 Ficus religiosa L. 57 Crataeva religiosa G.Forst. 41 Ficus tsjahela Burm. f. 58 Cucumis maderaspatana (L.) Roem. 42 Flacourtia montana J.Graham 58 Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. 42 Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis . 59 Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H.Rob. 43 Getonia floribunda Roxb. 59 Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Cyathula prostrata (L.) Blume 43 60 Walp. Cycas circinalis L. 44 Glochidion zeylanicum (Gaertn.)A.Juss. 60 Cyclea peltata (Lam.) Hook.f. & 44 Thomson Gloriosa superba L. 61 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. 45 Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC. 61 Dalbergia sissoo DC. 45 Gmelina arborea Roxb. 62 Datura metel L. 46 Grewia nervosa (Lour.) Panigrahi 62 Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. 46 Grewia tiliifolia Vahl 63 Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. 47 Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsdale 63 Desmodium triflorum (L.) DC. 47 Helicteres isora L. 64 Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Diospyros buxifolia (Blume) Hiern 48 64 Schult. Diospyros condolleana Wight 48 Hibiscus hispidissimus Griff. 65 Dypsis lutescens (H.Wendl.) Beentje & 49 J.Dransf. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. 65 Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. 49 Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G.Don 66 Elephantopus scaber L. 50 Holigarna arnottiana Hook.f. 66 Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Roem. & Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. 67 50 Schult.) A.DC. Hopea ponga (Dennst.) Mabb. 67 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 124 Hydnocarpus alpina Wight 68 Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. 85 Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. 68 Musa × paradisiaca L. 85 Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W.T.Aiton 69 Mussaenda frondosa L. 86 Impatiens balsamina L. 69 Naravelia zeylanica (L.) DC. 86 Ixora coccinea L. 70 Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson 87 Ixora finlaysoniana Wall. ex G.Don 70 Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser 87 Jasminum angustifolium (L.) Willd. 71 Ocimum tenuiflorum L. 88 Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton 71 Olea dioica Roxb. 88 Jatropha curcas L. 72 Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) 89 Lagerstroemia microcarpa Wight 72 K.Heyne Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. 73 Persea macrantha (Nees) Kosterm. 89 Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.) Merr. 73 Persicaria glabra (Willd.) Gomez 90 Lantana camara L. 74 Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels 90 Lawsonia inermis L. 74 Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thonn. 91 Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr. 75 Phyllanthus emblica L. 91 Phyllanthus myrtifolius (Wight) Müll. Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit 75 92 Arg. Leucas aspera (Willd.) Link 76 Physalis minima L. 92 Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Müll.Arg. 76 Piper longum L. 93 Madhuca neriifolia (Moon) H.J.Lam 77 Piper nigrum L. 93 Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex 77 Pierre Plumeria obtusa L. 94 Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll.Arg. 78 Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites 94 Mangifera indica L. 78 Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre 95 Manihot esculenta Crantz 79 Pothos scandens L. 95 Manilkara zapota (L.) P.Royen 79 Pseudarthria viscida (L.) Wight & Arn. 96 Melastoma malabathricum L. 80 Psidium guajava L. 96 Melicope lunu-ankenda (Gaertn.) T.G. Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. 97 80 Hartley Pterocarpus santalinus L.f. 97 Melochia corchorifolia L. 81 Pueraria phaseoloides (Roxb.) Benth. 98 Memecylon umbellatum Burm. f. 81 Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz 98 Mimosa diplotricha Sauvalle 82 Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. 99 Mimosa pudica L. 82 Ricinus communis L. 99 Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth. 83 Santalum album L. 100 Morinda pubescens Sm. 83 Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Willd. 100 Moringa oleifera Lam 84 Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Merr. 101 Moullava spicata (Dalzell) Nicolson 84 Semecarpus anacardium L.f. 101 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 125 Senna occidentalis (L.) Link 102 Tectona grandis L.f. 112 Senna spectabilis (DC.) H.S.Irwin & 102 Terminalia arjuna (Roxb. ex DC.) 113 Barneby Wight & Arn. Senna tora (L.) Roxb. 103 Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb. 113 Sida acuta Burm.f. 103 Terminalia catappa L. 114 Sida rhombifolia L. 104 Terminalia paniculata Roth 114 Smilax zeylanica L. 104 Terminalia elliptica Willd. 115 Solanum torvum Sw. 105 Tetrameles nudiflora R. Br. 115 Spathodea campanulata P. B e au v. 105 Thevetia peruviana (Pers.)K.Schum. 116 Spondias pinnata (L. f.) Kurz 106 Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers 116 Sterculia guttata Roxb. ex G.Don 106 Toona ciliata Roem. 117 Stereospermum tetragonum DC. 107 Trema orientalis (L.) Blume 117 Streblus asper Lour. 107 Trewia nudiflora L. 118 Strychnos nux-vomica L. 108 Triumfetta rhomboidea Jacq. 118 Swietenia macrophylla King 108 Urena lobata L. 119 Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. 109 Uvaria narum (Dunal) Wall. 119 Syzygium caryophyllatum (L.) Alston 109 Vitex negundo L. 120 Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels 110 Vitex trifolia L. 120 Syzygium samarangense (Blume) 110 Wrightia tinctoria R.Br. 121 Merr. & L.M.Perry Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC. 121 Tabernaemontana alternifolia L. 111 Ziziphus oenoplia (L.) Mill. 122 Tamarindus indica L. 111 Ziziphus rugosa Lam. 122 Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth 112

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 126 Index to Malayalam Name

 114  7  67 瀠  81  7  67  73  27   33  121  54  67  96  57  67  80  57  13  50  20  11  46  106  11  33  118  11  65  50  11  117  117  117  117  111  58  78  121   54  91  95  54  116  117  77  116 瀠  82  68  98  50  113  99  81  87  13  32  117  13  50  40  94  28  64  57  103  28  7  106  7  74  105  45  90  32  67  104  117   15  57  11  15  46  117  121  101  15  75  7  65  34   98  38  34  57  29 . 67  20  17  19  92  15  65  100  15  77  94  27  28  3  27  50  7  99  64

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 127  12  51  83  3  48  87  45  12  28  45  99  109  108  117  14  44   24  28   44   9  108  120    49  66  3  85  85  75  73 簠   87  67  35  80  57  36  44  119  117  78  73  47  64  89  51  58  89  28  73  119  36   7 . 8  74  48  76  27  46  114  46  61  73  29  73  119   104  89  118  45  34  50  19  118  81  114 . 95  25  8  19  81  120  63  66  88  65  72   8  76  4   7  46  14   66  44  14 . 107  34  63  109  88  83  102  88   37  108  74  80  104  56  66 . 97  34  20  85  19  114  85  48  63  46

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 128  34  56  71   32  53 . 31   88  48  75    32   71    31  86  36  62  44  87  62  81  20   62  44  31  40  52  68  18  22  71  93  28  72  111  50  66 . 78  50  24  114  22  113  78  64  87  59  22  93  119  42  7  103  10  8   61  81  70  104  87  106  86  87  77  113  16  64  89  64  61  89  81  29  18  25  58  61  25  19  34  73  91   47  58  40  111  48   40  62  34 . 40  111  7  91  111  65  40  119  106  106  119  20  7  50  69  30  28  61  15  54  108  104  88   84  91  80  38  91  107  108  31  34

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 129  21  29  75  49  29  75  26  110  103  83  115  34  25  76  18   26  79  18  28  105  18  79  15 瀠  86   10  116  14  27  99  18 . 27  93  118  67  115  18  80  115  78  121   60  14  72  119  113   33  122  113  49    98   24  28   43  53  27  20  121  16   90  93  46   17  17  27  105  82  51  34  88  10  29  117  53  28  117  59   103  117  99  13  76  63   13  57  14  117  88  44  100   121 瀠  32  32  105  93 . 23  12  21  77  . 114   58  117  87   58  122  24 . 44  57  107   58  109  101  44  109  121  66  110   63  89  110 . 67

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 130  65  107  106  64  56  113  64  37  95  64  107  111  64  95   24   32  95  15  119   105  90  67  64  40  106  11   43  87  10  12  80  88  95  102   20  107  114  44   115   68  44  47  75  23  59  42  117  59   47  61  73  47  107  73  15  35  46  73  107   84  77  56  19  46  86  19  121  9  19  83  30 . 79  113   20  101  41  83  43  60  53   43   32  61  101  78  27  101  54   99  83   90  69  107  72  69  116  10  43  65  64  13  19  24  24  44  93  68  16  64  19  60 . 44  106  27  65  93  118  65   115  114

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 131  63 . 78   63  111  4   115  15  78   102  15   102   9  93  95  83  75   51  83  11  121  6  73 . 84  6  75  58  6  25  16   6   117  16  114  46  20  65  22  93  108  79  21  87  115  20  32 . 79  42  52  61  42   9  68  17  22 . 48  16   11  38  16  11  32  31 耠  97  51  65  54  118  71  34  87  122  88  68  19  88  89  121  59   63  122 . 26  103   52 . 26  105  20  104  122 . 20  4  96   55  110   8  96  64  80  78  82  109  108  7  87  5  8  106   9  86  41  18  86  78  5  30  78   112   111  78   116  85

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 132  85  45  109  100  75  122  68   86  103  87  79  5  83  105  90  11  33  5  119  28  75  41  23  78  26  98  97  76   45  22  76   13  70  34 . 31   22  41  121  65   104  87  77  4  53  15  98  63  92  58   119  67  23  114  101  26  13  56 . 77  99  122  14  12  76  14  122  80  34  121  121  103  96  50  14  10  48  38 . 79  48  101  81 . 69  29  50  82  84  122  82  94  105  24  83   43 . 39  116   71  70  18  21  22  78  35  101  11  47  70   90  30  81   14  24  120  54  21   7  60  47   8   55  21   24

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 133  42  97  39  91  117  90  90   16  38   90   94  38  53   70  38  115  32  122  37  24  39  37  113  62  37  31  122  96  72  62  76  86  88  86  86  111 . 95  86  53  117  113  88  117  86  66  106  120  62  92  120  66   103  86  101  74  113  101  12  87  94  102  115  58  102  115  94   102  78  45  78  70    73  95  87  101  10  20  30  10  49  56  10  64  56   3  49   98  10  15  112   8  86 . 39  117  9  115  61  118  85   3  67  102  97  58  56  120  74  96  12  20  54  88  26  110  121  30  27  72  9  96

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 134  37  61  100  27 . 69  85   86 . 97  30 . 67  85  21  101  15  13   57  62  21  19  22  37

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 135 Index to Common Name

African tulip tree 105 Ceylon oak 101 Fern cycas 44 Ayani 13 Champak 77 Fever nut 22 Alpine almond 68 Chandada 76 Fiddle wood 34 American mint 68 Charcol tree 117 Flame of the forest 21 Arabian jasmine 71 Chaste tree 120 Flowering murdah 115 Arabian lilac 120 Chikku 79 Fragrant ixora 70 Asoka tree 100 Chocolate weed 81 Freshwater mangrove 26 Asparagus 14 Cinnamomum 34 Garari 36 Assam rubber 55 Climbing aroid 95 Garden rauvolfia 99 Australian chest nut 29 Climbing bridelia 21 Giant indian fig 54 Australian redcedar 117 Clitoria 38 Giant sensitive weed 82 Balsam weed 69 Coconut 39 Gin berry 61 Banana 85 Coffee senna 102 Glory lily 61 Bandicoot berry 75 Common fig 55 Gold mohur 22 Bedda nut tree 113 Congo jute 119 Golden cane palm 49 Ben teak 72 Copper pod tree 89 Golden shower 102 Benyan tree 54 Creeping tick trefoil 47 Golden trumpet 9 Big-leaf mahogany 108 Croton 39 Great woolly malayan 24 Bilimbi 15 Crow killer 10 lilac Birdfoot grape-vine 30 Curry leaf tree 85 Green milkweed 41 Black musale 42 Curved flower woody 32 creeper 96 Black pepper 69 chassalia Guava 46 Bleeding heart 37 Custard apple 11 Gul mohur 57 Bread fruit 14 Dense flowerknotweed 90 Gular fig 63 Broomjute sida 104 Devil tree 9 Haldu 23 Burweed 118 Devil's backbone 53 Heart of jesus 74 Cadam 87 Devil's fig 105 Henna plant 65 Candy corn plant 84 Dhaman 63 Hibiscus 37 Cape jasmine 59 Drumstick tree 84 Hill glory bower 40 Cashew nut tree 10 East indian screw tree 64 Hill mango 18 Castor oil plant 99 Elephants foot 50 Hogweed 103 Casuarina tree 29 False daisy 49 Horn bean leaved side 77 Cemetry tree 94 False hemp tree 115 Illipe butter tree 114 Ceylon naravelia 86 False white teak 118 Indian almond tree Kerala State Biodiversity Board 136 Indian beech tree 95 Lipstick tree 18 Purple fleabane 43 Indian bombax 19 Little tree plant 17 Purple sow thistle 51 Indian coral tree 52 Maharukh 6 Rain tree 8 Indian dalabergia 45 Mahogany 109 Red bead tree 5 Indian gooseberry 91 Malabar bauhinia 16 Red sandal wood 97 Indian hog plum 106 Malabar embelia 50 Rheed's false olive 25 Indian laburnum 28 Malabar kino tree 97 Rock banana 51 Indian laurel 114 Malabar marking nut 66 Rose sandalwood 88 Indian lilac 15 Malabar melastome 80 Sacred basil 88 Indian long pepper 93 Malabar rose wood 45 Sacred garlic pear 41 Indian penny wort 31 Mangium 4 Sage leaved alangium 7 Indian prickly ash 121 Mango tree 78 Sal leaved desmodium 47 Indian sarsaparilla 64 Marking nut tree 101 Salaparni 96 Indian snowberry 20 Melicope 80 Sand paper tree 56 Indian uvaria 119 Milkweed 24 Sandal tree 100 Indian zebrawood 40 Moon creeper 116 Sappan wood 23 Intellect plant 30 Morinda tree 83 Sau tree 8 Ironwood tree 81 Mountain currant tree 12 Sauropus Ivory gourd 38 Mountain sweet thorn 58 Schizomussaenda 86 Jack fruit tree 13 Mousetail plant 134 Shiral 62 Jackal jujube 122 Nag kuda 111 Siam weed 33 Jangle cork tree 67 Needle flower 70 Siamese rough bush 107 Jatropha 72 Nux- vomica tree 108 Sickle senna 103 Java plum 110 Pala indigo 121 Small prickly chaff 43 Jhingam 73 Palmyra palm 19 flower Kaim 83 Paper flower climber 59 Snake root 98 Kamala tree 78 Pappaya 27 Soap bark 3 Kayu arang 48 Pata root 44 South indian fig 58 Kumarika 104 Peepal tree 57 South indian plum 109 Kumbi 27 Pencil bush 53 Spinous kino tree 20 Lantana 74 Pepper 93 Spiral ginger 32 Large-flowered bay tree 89 Phyllanthus 91 Spotted gliricidia 60 Lead tree 75 Polpala 5 Spotted sterculia 106 Lebbek tree 7 Prickly chaff flower 4 Spurred butterfly pea 31 Lemon 35 Pride of india 73 Star apple 33 Lindley's aporosa 12 Purple bauhinia 17 Star gooseberry 90 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 137 Sugar apple 11 Thorny bamboo 16 White murdah 113 Sunberry 92 Thumba 76 White teak 62 Tamarind tree 111 Toddy palm 28 Wild hibiscus 65 Tapioca plant 79 Touch me not 82 Wild jasmine 71 Teak 112 Tree of heaven 6 Wild jessamine 25 Tecoma Tropical kudzu 98 Wild jujube 122 Tellicherry tree 66 Umbrella cheese tree 60 Yellow oleander 116 Thingam 67 Wax apple 110 Yukkali 52 Thorn apple 46 White champaka 94

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 138 Index to Camp wise distribution

Acacia auriculiformis KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 3 Acacia caesia KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) 3 Acacia mangium KEPA, KAP II,RRRF 4 Achyranthes aspera KAP V(Dt.) 4 Adenanthera pavonina KAP I, KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 5 Aerva lanata KAP I 5 Ailanthus excelsa KEPA, KAP II(Dt.), MSP (Ade.) 6 Ailanthus triphysa KAP I 6 Alangium salviifolium KAP II(Dt.), KAP II, MSP (Ade.) 7 Albizia lebbeck KAP I, KEPA, RRRF 7 Albizia chinensis KAP 1, KEPA, RRRF 8 Albizia saman KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 8 Allamanda cathartica KEPA 9 Alstonia scholaris KAP II(Dt.), KAP I, KAP II, KAP V(Dt.), MSP (Ade.) 9 Anacardium occidentale KAP II (Dt.), KAP I 10 Anamirta cocculus KEPA 10 Annona reticulata KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP III (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.) 11 Annona squamosa KAP II 11 Antidesma montanum KAP V (Dt.) 12 Aporosa cardiosperma KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF 12 Artocarpus heterophyllus KAP I, KAP II, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSF (Ade.), RRRF 13 Artocarpus hirsutus KAP II, KEPA 13 Artocarpus incisus KAP I 14 Asparagus racemosus KAP V(Dt.) 14 Averrhoa bilimbi KAP V(Dt.) 15 Azadirachta indica KAP I, KAP II(Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) 15 Bambusa bambos KAP II (Dt.), KAP II,, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), MSF (Ade.) 16 Bauhinia malabarica KEPA, RRRF 16 Bauhinia purpurea KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 17 Biophytum sensitivum KAP V (Dt.) 17 Bixa orellana KEPA 18 Boerhavia diffusa KAP V (Dt.) 18 Bombax ceiba KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF 19 Borassus flabellifer KEPA 19 Breynia vitis-idaea KAP V (Dt.) 20 Briedelia retusa KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), KAP II, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 20 Briedelia stipularis KAP V (Dt.) 21 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 139 Butea monosperma KAP II (Dt.), KAP II, KEPA 21 Caesalpinia bonduc KAP II 22 Caesalpinia pulcherrima KAP II 22 Caesalpinia sappan KAP I, KEPA 23 Caladium bicolor MSP (Ade.) 23 Callicarpa tomentosa KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 24 Calotropis gigantea MSP (Ade.) 24 Cansjera rheedei KEPA 25 Canthium coromandelicum MSP (Ade.) 25 Canthium angustifolium MSP (Ade.) 26 Carallia brachiata KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 26 Careya arborea KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 27 Carica papaya KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 27 Caryota urens KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 28 Cassia fistula KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 28 Castanospermum australe RRRF, KAP II 29 Casuarina equisetifolia KAP I, RRRF, KAP II 29 Cayratia pedata KEPA 30 Celastrus paniculatus RRRF, KAP II 30 Centella asiatica KAP V (Dt.) 31 Centrosema molle KAP II, KEPA 31 Chassalia curviflora MSP (Ade.), RRRF 32 Cheilocostus speciosus KAP V (Dt.) 32 Chromolaena odorata KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 33 Chrysophyllum cainito KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 33 Cinnamomum verum RRRF 34 Cissus latifolia KAP II 34 Citharexylum spinosum KEPA 35 Citrus limon KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) 35 Cleistanthus collinus KAP II (Dt.), KEPA,KAP II 36 Cleome burmanni KAP V (Dt.) 36 Clerodendrum infortunatum KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 37 Clerodendrum thomsoniae RRRF 37 Clitoria ternatea KEPA, RRRF, KAP V(Dt.), KAP II 38 Coccinia grandis KAP II, KEPA 38 Cocos nucifera KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 39 Codiaeum variegatum KAP II (Dt.) 39 Commiphora caudata KEPA 40 Connarus monocarpus MSP (Ade.) 40 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 140 Cosmostigma racemosum MSP (Ade.), KAP II, RRRF 41 Crataeva religiosa MSP (Ade.) 41 Cucumis maderaspatana KAP II (Dt.) 42 Curculigo orchioides KAP II (Dt.) 42 Cyanthillium cinereum KAP V (Dt.) 43 Cyathula prostrata KAP V (Dt.) 43 Cycas circinalis MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 44 Cyclea peltata KAP II 44 Dalbergia latifolia KAP I, KAP II 45 Dalbergia sissoo MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) 45 Datura metel MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 46 Delonix regia RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 46 Desmodium gangeticum KAP II 47 Desmodium triflorum RRRF, KAP II, KEPA 47 Diospyros buxifolia KEPA, KAP II, KAP V(Dt.) 48 Diospyros condolleana KEPA, KAP II, KAP I 48 Dypsis lutescens KEPA, KAP I, KAP V (Dt.) 49 Eclipta prostrata KAP V (Dt.) 49 Elephantopus scaber KAP V (Dt.) 50 Embelia tsjeriam-cottam KAP II, KEPA 50 Emilia sonchifolia KAP V (Dt.) 51 Ensete superbum KAP II, KAP II (Dt.) 51 Erythrina variegata MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 52 Eucalyptus tereticornis KAP I, RRRF, KEPA 52 Euphorbia tirucalli KAP II 53 Euphorbia tithymaloides KEPA, KAP II 53 Ficus auriculata KEPA 54 Ficus benghalensis KAP I, RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) 54 Ficus carica KAP I, KAP II (Dt.) 55 Ficus elastica KAP I 55 Ficus exasperata KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II, 56 Ficus hispida KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 56 Ficus racemosa KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 57 Ficus religiosa KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 57 Ficus tsjahela MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 58 Flacourtia montana KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 58 Gardenia jasminoides MSP (Ade.) 59 Getonia floribunda MSP (Ade.) 59 Gliricidia sepium KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 60 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 141 Glochidion zeylanicum RRRF 60 Gloriosa superba KAP II 61 Glycosmis pentaphylla MSP (Ade.), KAP II 61 Gmelina arborea KAP I, RRRF, MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) 62 Grewia nervosa KAP II 62 Grewia tiliifolia KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 63 Haldina cordifolia KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 63 Helicteres isora KAP II (Dt.),RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 64 Hemidesmus indicus KAP V (Dt.) 64 Hibiscus hispidissimus KEPA, KAP II, RRRF 65 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis KAP V (Dt.) 65 Holarrhena pubescens KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 66 Holigarna arnottiana RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 66 Holoptelea integrifolia KEPA 67 Hopea ponga RRRF 67 Hydnocarpus alpina KAP I 68 Hyptis suaveolens KAP II 68 Ichnocarpus frutescens KAP II 69 Impatiens balsamina KAP V (Dt.) 69 Ixora coccinea MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 70 Ixora finlaysoniana KEPA, KAP II 70 Jasminum angustifolium MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.) 71 Jasminum sambac KAP II, KAP V (Dt.) 71 Jatropha curcas MSP (Ade.) 72 Lagerstroemia microcarpa KEPA, MSP (Ade.) 72 Lagerstroemia speciosa KAP I, RRRF, KEPA 73 Lannea coromandelica KAP I, KEPA 73 Lantana camara KEPA, KAP I, KAPII, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF 74 Lawsonia inermis KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), RRRF 74 Leea indica KAP II 75 Leucaena leucocephala KEPA, KAP I, KAPII, KAP II (Dt.), KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF 75 Leucas aspera KAP V (Dt.) 76 Macaranga peltata KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 76 Madhuca neriifolia KAP II (Dt.) 77 Magnolia champaca KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 77 Mallotus philippensis KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 78 Mangifera indica KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 78 Manihot esculenta Crantz KEPA 79

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 142 Manilkara zapota KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 79 Melastoma malabathricum MSP (Ade.) 80 Melicope lunu-ankenda MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.) 80 Melochia corchorifolia KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 81 Memecylon umbellatum KEPA, KAP II 81 Mimosa diplotricha Sau- KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 82 valle Mimosa pudica KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 82 Mitragyna parvifolia KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 83 Morinda pubescens KAP I, KEPA, KAP II 83 Moringa oleifera KAP I, MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) 84 Moullava spicata KEPA, KAP II 84 Murraya koenigii KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) 85 Musa × paradisiaca KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 85 Mussaenda frondosa KAP II, KAP V (Dt.), MSP (Ade.) 86 Naravelia zeylanica KAP II 86 Naringi crenulata KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 87 Neolamarckia cadamba KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 87 Ocimum tenuiflorum KAP V (Dt.) 88 Olea dioica KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 88 Peltophorum pterocarpum MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) 89 Persea macrantha KEPA 89 Persicaria glabra KAP V (Dt.) 90 Phyllanthus acidus KAP I 90 Phyllanthus amarus KAP V (Dt.) 91 Phyllanthus emblica KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 91 Phyllanthus myrtifolius KAP II 92 Physalis angulata KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 92 Piper longum KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 93 Piper nigrum KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 93 Plumeria obtusa RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 94 Polyalthia longifolia KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 94 Pongamia pinnata KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA,KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 95 Pothos scandens KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 95 Pseudarthria viscida KEPA 96 Psidium guajava KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 96 Pterocarpus marsupium KAP I, KEPA 97 Pterocarpus santalinus KEPA 97

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 143 Pueraria phaseoloides KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 98 Rauvolfia serpentina MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 98 Rauvolfia tetraphylla MSP (Ade.), KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 99 Ricinus communis KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 99 Santalum album MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) 100 Saraca asoca KEPA 100 Schleichera oleosa KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KAP II 101 Semecarpus anacardium KEPA 101 Senna occidentalis KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 102 Senna spectabilis MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.) 102 Senna tora KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 103 Sida acuta KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 103 Sida rhombifolia KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 104 Smilax zeylanica KAP I, KAP II, RRRF 104 Solanum torvum KAP II, KEPA, KAP I, RRRF 105 Spathodea campanulata MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.) 105 Spondias pinnata KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 106 Sterculia guttata Roxb. ex G.Don RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 106 Stereospermum tetragonum KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 107 Streblus asper KAP I, KEPA 107 Strychnos nux-vomica KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 108 Swietenia macrophylla KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V(Dt.) 108 Swietenia mahagoni KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 109 Syzygium caryophyllatum MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V(Dt.) 109 Syzygium cumini KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA 110 Syzygium samarangense KAP II (Dt.), KAP II 110 Tabernaemontana alternifolia KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), KAP V(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 111 Tamarindus indica KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 111 Tecoma stans KAP V (Dt.) 112 Tectona grandis KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 112 Terminalia arjuna KAP II (Dt.), KEPA, KAP II 113 Terminalia bellirica KAP I, MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 113 Terminalia catappa KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 114 Terminalia paniculata KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 114 Terminalia elliptica KEPA, RRRF 115 Tetrameles nudiflora KAP II, KEPA, KAP I, RRRF 115 Thevetia peruviana KAP I, RRRF 116 Tinospora cordifolia KAP 116

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 144 Toona ciliata KAP I, RRRF 117 Trema orientalis KAP I, KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 117 Trewia nudiflora KAP II (Dt.) 118 Triumfetta rhomboidea KEPA, KAP1, KAP II, KAP II(Dt.), MSP(Ade.), RRRF 118 Urena lobata KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 119 Uvaria narum MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.), KEPA, KAP I, KAP II, KAP II (Dt.) 119 Vitex negundo KEPA, KAP V (Dt.), KAP II 120 Vitex trifolia KEPA 120 Wrightia tinctoria KAP II (Dt.), RRRF, KEPA, KAP II 121 Zanthoxylum rhetsa MSP (Ade.), RRRF, KAP V (Dt.) 121 Ziziphus oenoplia MSP (Ade.), KEPA, KAP II 122 Ziziphus rugosa KEPA, KAP II 122

KEPA - KERALA POLICE ACADEMY KAP1 - KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP1) KAP II - KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAPII) KAP II(Dt.) - KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP II - Detachment) KAP V(Dt.) - KERALA ARMED POLICE (KAP V - Detachment) MSP(Ade.) - MALABAR SPECIAL POLICE, Areecode (Malappuram) RRRF - RAPID RESPONSE & RESCUE FORCE

Kerala State Biodiversity Board 145 Kerala State Biodiversity Board 146 References

1. Anilkumar N, 1994. Flora of Pathanamthitta District. Ph. D. Thesis University of Calicut, Calicut. 2. Antony VT, 1989. Systematic Studies on the Flora of Kottayam District, Kerala. Ph.D. Thesis, Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore. 3. Bourdillon TF, 1908. The Forest Trees of Travancore. Govt. Press, Trivandru 4. Chatterjee D, 1940. Studies on the endemic flora of India and Burma. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 5: 19-67. 5. efloraindia.org 6. Flowering plants of kerala DVD, Vol III, KFRI 7. Gamble JS and CEC Fischer, 1915-1936. The Flora of the Presidency of Madras. Adlard & Son Ltd., London. 8. Henry AN, K Vivekanandan and NC Nair, 1979. Rare and threatened flowering plants of South India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75: 684-697 9. India Biodiversity Portal, www.indiabiodiversity.org

10. IUCN, 2000. The 2000 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN, Gland. 11. Jain SK and ARK Sastry, 1984. The Indian Plant Red Data Book. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. 12. Nair NC and P Daniel, 1986. The Floristic Diversity of the Western Ghats and its Conservation : A Review. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Animal Sc. Pl. Sci.) Suppl. pp.127- 163. 13. Nayar MP, 1996. Hot Spots of Endemic Plants of India, Nepal and Bhutan. Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Trivandrum. 14. Sasidharan N, and VV Sivarajan, 1996. Flowering Plants of Thrissur Forests. Scien- tific Publishers, Jodphur. 15. Vajravelu E, 1990. Flora of Palghat District. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta.

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Kerala State Biodiversity Board