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Eschatology Eschatology Catechism

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Eschatology Eschatology Catechism Eschatology Catechism 1. What is Eschatology? 11. What is the intermediate state? Eschatology is the biblical teaching of the Old and New The intermediate state is the irreversible condition of Testaments about how the last things will occur so as to believers and unbelievers in the period of time between death and the resurrection of the body. fulfill God’s purpose 12. What is the spiritual condition of believers in the 2. What are the last things? intermediate state? The last things sometimes describe the period between As soon as believers die they enter heaven and the Christ’s first and second comings, but usually refer to the glorious presence of Christ and His Church, are made end of life, the end of the world, and the unending perfect in holiness and happiness by Christ, judge and eternity. reign with Christ, and await the redemption of their bodies. 3. What is the history of eschatology? The history of eschatology is largely one of confusion, 13. What is the spiritual condition of unbelievers in denial, neglect, and error, with brief periods of the intermediate state? reformation. As soon as unbelievers die they enter hell and the hideous presence of the devil and his angels, where they 4. What is the practical value of Eschatology? experience inconceivable and immeasurable agonies of Eschatology helps us to teach the Church, worship God, soul while awaiting the resurrection of their bodies. serve with zeal, hope in the midst of trouble, and prepare for judgment. 14. What are some errors regarding the intermediate state? 5. What is death? Some errors are purgatory, limbo, soul-sleep, Death is the divine separation of the body from the soul, reincarnation, conditional immortality and second which results in the decomposition of the body and the probation. return of the soul to God who made it, and all because of sin. 15. What is purgatory? Roman Catholics teach that purgatory is the temporary 6. Why do believers have to die? place where Roman Catholics guilty of unpunished Believers die to have communion with Christ’s venial sins go for punishment and purification by fire to sufferings, to experience Christ’s grace, to be made like prepare them for and hasten them to heaven. Christ’s image, to witness for Christ’s glory, and to be welcomed into Christ’s presence. 16. What is wrong with the doctrine of purgatory? The doctrine of purgatory is without scriptural support, 7. What does death teach us? causes unnecessary anxiety, corrupts the church, and Death teaches us all the brevity, vanity and value of life; undermines the finished work of Christ. the sovereignty and justice of God; and the need and worth of salvation. 17. What is limbus infantum? Roman Catholics teach that the souls of all unbaptized 8. What is immortality? children go to limbus infantum, a neutral place, forever. Immortality means un-die-able and so, strictly speaking, can only be used of God. 18. What is wrong with the doctrine of limbus infantum? 9. Why do some theologians, and some The doctrine of limbus infantum is based on a false view Confessions, ascribe immortality to man? of baptismal regeneration in John 3:5, and a desire to Theologians and some confessions use immortality to avoid saying unbaptized infants are in hell. describe the continued and endless conscious existence of every soul after death and also the limited soul- 19. What is limbus patrum? immortality of the believer. Roman Catholics teach that Old Testament saints went to limbus patrum, a shadowy place, until the resurrection 10. Are there any proofs of soul immortality? of Christ. There are extra-biblical arguments for life after death, but the most reliable proofs are found in the Bible, in 20. What is wrong with the doctrine of limbus both the Old Testament and the New Testament. patrum? Limbus patrum misinterprets Luke 16, ignores Psalm 17 and 73, and minimizes Christ’s work in the Old Testament. Eschatology Catechism 1 of 5 Eschatology Catechism 1 of 5 Eschatology Catechism they share important fundamental beliefs, and they have all been held by good and godly Christians. 21. What is Sheolism? 31. How and why should we study such difficult and Sheolism teaches that OT saints believed that at death controversial doctrines? all souls went to Sheol, a temporary and unattractive If we approach this subject with caution and humility, we place, until the final judgment. can learn important practical lessons from it. 22. What is wrong with Sheolism? 32. What is amillennialism? It undermines the inspiration of Scripture, mistakes Amillennialism believes that the 1000 years is a appearance for reality, weakens divine warnings, and figurative term for Christ’s present kingdom on earth and fails to explain hope-filled expressions of Old Testament in heaven between his first and second comings, during faith. which the devil is significantly bound, and which will be concluded with these co-incidental climactic end-time 23. What is second probation? signs, the second coming of Christ, the resurrection of Second probation teaches that in the mercy of God the the dead, the final judgment, and the everlasting gospel is preached and salvation through Christ offered kingdom. to certain groups between death and the final judgment. 33. How does an amillennialist interpret Daniel 9:24- 24. What is wrong with the doctrine of second 27? probation? Daniel 9:24-27 is apocalyptic literature which uses Second probation denies that our eternal destiny is figurative language to predict the nature, timing and irreversibly determined by our earthly life, misinterprets 1 consequences of Christ’s work at his first coming. Peter 3 & 4, and fails to explain the missionary zeal of the early church. 34. How does an amillennialist interpret Matthew 24? 25. What is soul sleep? In Matthew 24, Jesus uses the classic prophetic Soul sleep teaches that at death the soul is no longer methods of foreshortening and typology to predict not conscious until the resurrection. only the near judgment of Jerusalem, but also the continuing course of world history, and the climactic 26. What is wrong with the doctrine of soul sleep? judgment of the world. Soul sleep misinterprets Psalm 16 and 17, ignores Hebrews 12 and Revelation 7 and misunderstands 35. What is the message of the Book of Revelation? figurative soul-sleep language, while at the same time The message of Revelation is that Christ and his Church robbing the believer of great comfort. will defeat the Devil and his armies. 27. What is the millennium? 36. When was the Book of Revelation written? The millennium is the 1000 year reign of Christ and his Revelation was written by the Apostle John sometime saints, which follows the binding of Satan, which, around 80-90 AD. because of many diverse and damaging misinterpretations, has become central to eschatology. 37. For whom was the Book of Revelation written? Revelation was written not only for John’s generation but 28. What are the names of the main millennial also for all subsequent generations of Christians. views? The main millennial views are amillennialism, 38. What is the structure of Revelation? premillennialism, and postmillennialism. Revelation is composed of seven parallel sections describing the period between Christ’s first and second 29. What are the principal areas where the main comings. millennial views differ? The three millennial views differ in these 8 areas: the 39. What are the biblical presuppositions for the length of the 1000 years, the nature of Christ’s kingdom amillennial interpretation of Rev. 20? on earth, the relationship between Israel and the Church, Amillennialists believe in the spiritual-literal fulfillment of the role of the Devil, the tribulation, the end-time signs, Old Testament prophecies, the synchronization of end- the number and timings of the resurrections and of time events, and a belief in one unchanging and Christ’s coming(s). unfailing plan of God. 30. What do the main millennial views hold in 40. When are the 1000 years of Rev. 20? common? Though these views differ significantly, yet Eschatology Catechism 2 of 5 Eschatology Catechism 2 of 5 Eschatology Catechism The figure “1000” is figurative language for the period into seven periods, each with a different test of human between Christ’s 1st and 2nd comings, both on earth obedience to God's will, through one way of salvation. and in heaven. 41. What happens during the 1000 years on earth? Christ’s death and resurrection devastates the devil’s ability to deceive the nations until close to the end of 49. What is progressive dispensationalism? time. On the basis of complimentary hermeneutics, progressive dispensationalists see a closer relationship 42. What happens during the 1000 years in heaven? between Israel and the Church, between the Old The souls of glorified saints are spiritually resurrected to Covenant and the New Covenant, and between the live, reign, and judge with Christ in perfect holiness and dispensations; it also has no great regard for a pre- happiness, while the rest of the dead experience the tribulation rapture. second death. 50. What is dispensational premillennialism? 43. What will happen at the end of the 1000 years? Dispensational premillennialism teaches that Christ's At the end of the 1000 years the devil will be released to second coming will occur in four phases: Christ's deceive and stir up the nations against the Church, but rapture, Christ's revelation, Christ's reign, and Christ's the Lord will return to deliver the church, resurrect all, renewal. and finally and fully bind the devil. 51. What is Christ's rapture? 44. What are the strengths of amillennialism? Without any precursory signs Christ will return for His Amillennialism is relatively simple, it interprets the Church, resurrect all dead believers, transform all living obscure in the light of the clear, does justice to the believers, meet them all in the air, and return to heaven powerful effect of Christ’s first coming, fits “few find it” with them while the 70th week begins on earth.
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