1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 3987 REDUCED POSTAGE ON AIR-MAIL PAR CERTAIN CLAIMANTS DAMAGED BY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CEL POST TO MEMBERS OF THE ARMED BLASTING OPERATIONS ON THE MER FORCES IN KOR.EA RIMACK RIVER TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1951 Mr. REES of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I The Clerk called the bill
0 SEC. 2. In the . determin.ation. of such mine, compromise, or settle claims for dam of payment or settlement of any claim under claim, the United States shall be held liable ages caused by ·vessels of or in ·the service section 2 or section 3 of this act, the Secre for such damages, ·and for any acts com of their respective departments, and for com tary concerned shall file reports with the mitted by any of its officers or employees, pensation for towage and salvage services, Committees on ·Armed Servicas of the Senate to the same extent as if the United States including contract salvage, rendered to such and House of Representatives setting forth were a private person. vessels, and to pay the amount of any claims the nature of· the claim, the vessel or vessels "SEC. 3. Suit upon such claim may be in so determined, compromised, or settled, and involved, the amount paid or received with stituted at any time within 1 year after upon acceptance of such payment by the respect thereto, the basis of the determina the enactment of this act, notwithstanding claimant, and not until tnen, such determt tion, compromise, or settlement, and other the lapse of time or any statute of limita nation, settlement, or compromise of. such pertinent facts: Pro'vided, That during any tion: Provided, That the city of Lowell, claim shall be final and conclusive for all war the reports required under this section Mass., is named as a pari(y defendant in said purposes, any law to the contrary notwith may omit any fact or facts disclosure of suit. Proceedings for the determination of standing: Provided, That this section, as re which, in the opinion of the Secretary con such claims, and appeals from and payment spects the determination, compromise, set cerned, would be prejudicial to the national of any judgment thereon, shall be in the tlement, and payment of claims, shall be sup security. ·same manner as in the cases of claims over plementary to, and not in lieu of, all other :::Ee. 5. Subject to the proviso of section 4 which such court has jurisdiction under the provisions of law authorizing consideration, hereof, the Secretaries of the Army and Air provisions of section 1346 of title 28, United adjustment, determination, settlement, and Force shall report to the Congress, at each States Code, as amended." payment of claims: Provided further, That session thereof, all amounts paid by their all payments of claims made under this sec respective departments or received by their The amendment was agreed to. t ion shall be made out of applicable appro respective departments under this act. The bill was ordered to be engrossed priations which are hereby authorized: And E'Ec. 6. When the net amount paid or re and read a third time, was read the third provi ded further, That the payment of any ceived in settlement does not exceed $1,000 time, and passed. claim on which a net amount exceeding t,he authority of the Secretary of the Army The title was· amended so as to read: $500,000 is determined to be due from the or Secretary of the Air Force, as set forth in "A bill conferring jurisdiction upon the .United States, or which is compromised or sections 1 and 2 hereof, may be exercised by settled at a net amount exceeding $500,000 such person or persons in the military de United States District Court for the Dis payable by the United States, shall not be partment concerned as the Secretary thereof trict of Massachusetts to hear, deter authorized by this section, and all claims may designate. mine, and render judgment upon the determined, compromised, or settled here EEc. 7. The provisions of this act shall not claim of Mrs. Walter .r. Bickford." under at a net amount exceeding $500,000 apply with respect to any claim as to which A motion to reconsider was laid- on the payable by the United Stat es rhall be certi a suit has been filed by or against the United table. · fied by the Secretary concerned to the Con States and is pending at the date of the en gress. actment of this a~t. AUTHORIZING ATTENDANCE OF UNITED SEC. 2. The Secretaries of the Army and STATES NAVY BAND AT FINAL REUNION Air Force, under the direction of the Secre The. bill was ordered to be engrossed 9F UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS tary of Defense, are hereby authorizecj to and read a thi.rd time, was read the consider, ascertain, adjust, determine, com -third time, and passed; and a motion to The Clerk called the bill
At present plans ·are·- made .to cease • 1 CAPT. WILLIAM GREENWOOD limitations. · Proceedings for the determi oJ,Jeration of the farm· on Ju:ne of· this natfon of such claims shall be iri the same The Clerk called the bill
A-6954173, Samet, Esther (nee Weisz). The SPEAKER. Is there objection to A- 6779979, Oha~temps, Antoinette Char A-6877767, Schachter, Rose, or Rojza the present consideration of the resolu lotte. Schachter or Rosa Schacter (nee Rojza Gel tion?· A- 5203205, Charlton, Iris Louise (nee bart or Rojza Gelbhard). Mr. GROSS. Reserving the right to Stephenson or Dwyer) • A-6910028, Schranko, Margit. A- 6712052, Chi, David (Chi Tai-Wei). A-6606630, Singer, Henrik. object, Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman A-6829091, Christiansen, Elsa Maria Hansen A-7200163, Speicher, Marian (alia:i Marian explain this resolution? (alias Elsa Marie Hansen Christiansen, form Szpakowski) . Mr. WALTER. This is a routine reso erly Elsa Marie Zinglerson, nee Elsa Marie A-6423808, Szego, Cyula Laszlo, or Julius lution that the House acts on after the Hansen or Elsa Marie Hildebrandt). Ladislaus Szego. Senate approves the action of the Attor A-4380546, Cohen, Annie (nee Abrams). A-6536898, Tauber, Morie, or Morie Naftoli ney General in suspending the deporta A-6882801, Conits, Evangelia Costas Tauber. Karagioges. A-6740514, Tobias, Charles William. tions of aliens where economic hardship A-5981719, Corey, Hilton Oscar. A-6855685, Wagschal, Samuel. would be caused through deportation. A-6702396, Corino, Michele. A-6743500, Walas, Stanislaw. · After the Attorney General acts, as the A-7092105, Correa Norberto, or Nolberto A-6743494, Piestrak, Adam. gentleman knows, a list of cases, with Correa or Norberto Correo. A-6740081, warshavchik, Ela, or Ela War- reports on them, goes to the Senate. A-7089753, Costa, Francesca Sacco. szawczyk. A-6924566, Courvaris, Georgios, or George The Senate Judiciary Committee then Couvaris. A-6860778, Windt, Hajnal. examines each case, and after it acts A-9831304, Dahle, John Ludvig Johannes A-6860780, Windt, Judith. the concurrent resolution is referred to sen, or John L. Dahle. A-6694093, Wisniewski, Lejbko. the Committee on the Judiciary of the A-6828811, Dagios, Ioannis Panaiotou, A-6886825, Wohlhendler, Chaim. House, where there is a reexamination or John Dagios. A-7046291, Wohlhendler, Rozalia. of the action taken by both the Attorney A-5408860, D'A,ndrea, Matteo. A-6667947, Zalcgendler, Awram. A-6172290, Darczy, Louis Alexander An A-6475696, Zilahy, Lajos. General and the Senate. · This resolution makes permanent the thony (Daroczy), or Louis Darousky. A-7057948, Zilahy, Piroska, Barczy. A-6874136, Diaz-Lomeli, Reyes, or Reyes A-6899289, Acs, Terezia. immigration status of aliens, most of Dias. A-6650796, Becher, Szmul. whom are married to American citizens A-6973707, Dodd, John Glyndwr, or Jack A-6640368, Becher, Pola. and have native-born children. G. Dodd. A-6855947, Bleyer, Olga (nee Kornhauser). Mr. GROSS. And the Calendar No. A-6943642, Drakulakos, Demetra Con A-6666980, Brodman, Alexander. 180 is susceptible of the same inter stantine, or Demetra Constantine Mavri. A-6984452, Bulanski, Wolf. pretation? A-5043401, Dykman, Theodorus Josephus A-6772271, Csordas, Gabor. Cyrillus, or Theodore Dykman-Dabster. A-6843546, Erger, Majer. Mr. WALTER. Exactly. Mr. GROSS. I withdraw my reserva A-6209521, Escobar-Huet, Cesar. A-6509230, Feibusch, Bernat. A-6972476, Esparza-Hinojosa, Gilberto. A-6819653, Fischer, Aron. tion of objection, Mr. Speaker. A-6628803, Fernandez Maria Ydalia, or A-7046234, Fischer, Ruzena (nee Kesler) • . The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Maria Ydalia Madera. A-6842324, Fischl, Ignac. the present consideration of the resolu A-4383592, Fiel, Manuel Lavada. A-6985629, Fischl, Rita (nee Loffier). tion? A-6004623, Fletcher, Marie Alice Welch A-6803933, Fried, George. There being no objection, the Clerk (nee Welch). A-6740476, Friedlander, Lya. read the resoll.ltion, as follows: A-7049256, Follain, Pierre Maurice Paul. A-6740537, Friedlander, Renee or Reizl. A-7049280, Galvan, Luis. A-6780715, Heller, Oscar, or Oszkar Heller. Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep A-7117698, Gerasinos, Fotini (nee Valasso A-6897920, Holubec, Anna. resentatives concurring), That the Congress poulos alias Valli). A-6819096, Horowitz, Rafael. favors the suspension of deportation in the A-6498468, German, Rosa Moredo San. A-6743503, Husarz, Mieczyslaw Stanislaw. case of each alien hereinafter named, in. A-5568143, Gentile, Giovanni, or Gio A-6719373, Jakubovic, Tibor. which case the Attorney General has sus vanni Di Ianni. A-6707838, Jakubovic, Frantiska. pended deportation for more than 6 months: A-6868099, Gnusti, Rossana Silvia. A-6616294, Katz, Zoltan. A-6810161, Adamos, Nicola Dimitry ·or A-1418864, Goomas, Nicholas Vianaillas, or A-6703301, Kirzner, Zelik. Damoff or Danoff. Nick Goomas. A-6848211, Kormos, Jolan, or Yolanda A-6219112, Afshar, Nasser Gatll, or Nasser A-6524878, Gomez, Guadalupe Agvilar de Kormos. Afshar or Nasser Gatll Afshar or Nassere Cotli Harrison. A-6668946, Lefeber, Richard George. Afchar. A-7192722, Gomez-Ayala, Salud, or Salud A-6683296, Mermelstein, Sarolta (nee A-5325945, Alex, Joseph Benjamin. Gomez Moreno. Falk). A-7022692, Alpar, Julia Viola, or Julia Viola A-6192703, Gonzalez, Erundino Lorenzo, or A-6948487, Neuweld, Marek, or Mark Neu- Froelich or Julia Viola Bagge. Erundino Lorenzo. . weld. A-5665037, Alves, Alipio. A-7189631, Gonzalez, Jose Antonio Perez, A-6622433, Reis, Szulim, or Sheldon Reiss ~ A-4785339, Andal, Ester (nee Knaster, alias or Joseph Anthony Perez y Gonzalez or A-6622434, Reiss, Bela (nee Bela Reis). Esther Bjork alias Esther Johnson). Joseph Anthony Perez. A-9580462, Rynkiewicz, Kazimierz. A-1939697, Aoki, Michio. A-6919676, Gordon, Ivy May, or Ivy May A-6881803, Schnitzler, Erno. A-7188402, Ataide, Jose Fernandes. Shaw. A-6606631, Templer, Julius. A-3976165, Earbalic, Anton Danimir. A-7112976, Halas, Dimitrios (alias James A-6633723, Urwicz, Abram Berko. A-5518002, Barnett, Arthur Albert. Hallas). A-6495847, Weiss, Imrich, or Emeric Weiss. A-707037, Barron, Raymundo, or Ray- A-5441441, Halmos, Anna (nee Kertesz). A-6633723, Zilbersztejn, Lejb. mundo Barron-Aguirre or Raymundo Agu A-6472686, Halpern, Sara Szlomcze (nee A-6616659, Zilbersztejn, Dora. irre Barron or Reymundo Barron or Ray Halpern or Sara Rubin). A-7350851, Slavik, Juraj Michal Daniel, or mundo Agirre Barron. A- 6331906, Hamandijan, Yervant Edward. Dr. Juraj Slavik. A-2298439, Beuermann, Paul Richard, or A-6211068, Harris, p __ ti Behrs Eristoff, or A-7469732, Slavik, Margita Maria. Richard Beuermann. Pati Dullivan Harris or Pati Behrs or Pati A-7469733, Slavik, Juraj Ludevit Jan, or A-4777113, Botosan, Traian or Thomas. Behrs Eristoff, or Pati Derek Harris or Pati Juraj Ludvit Slavik. A-1989229, Broeders, Theodorus Alde B2hrs Eristoff Tohitchinadze. ga.idos. A-7118467, Heinz, Dieter. A-6378711, Wilenski, Szmujlo. A-6961776, Bruorton, Maria Luisa Rivera A-7096151, Klinger, Oskar. De. A-1090399, Helm, James Theodore. A-7208237, Mansour, Nabeel. A-6287999, Buckmaster, Linda Louise. A-2407788, Hendriksen, Peder Oskar (alias A-7366272, Mansour, Erika Randa. A-6287998, Buckmaster, Orval Duane. Peder Hendriksen) • A-6936290, Mansour, Shafeec Abdallah. A-6750057, Buckmaster, Myles Carter. A-6988873, Heuman, Ruth Wertheim. A-6611834, Buonarota, Francisco. A-6709319, Hing, Sheila Chien (nee Chien). The House concurrent resolution was A-6881760, Bustamante, Oracio Espinosa, A- 6330780, Holliday, Era, or Eva Grethe ordered to be engrossed and read a third or Oscar Oracio Bustamante. Ingeberg. time, was read the third time, and A-7050092, Bustillos, Alfredo, or Alfredo A-6975468, Hurtado-Padilla, Rosalia. passed, and a motion to reconsider was Bustillos-Barrera. A-6150626, Isch, Julio Norberto. laid on the table. A-7049126, Camillucci, Silva Sordoni, or A-5459716, Jenderzy, William (Wilhelm) nee Silvia Sordoni. . . Karl. SUSPENDED DEPORTATION OF CERTAIN A-5663653, Caro, Maria Gracia De, or Mary A-6016572, Johnson, Zaccheus Boyd, Sr. ALIENS Grace Di Caro. A-3033801, Kaczmarkiewicz, Franciszek A-3404707, Castaneda, Zenona Palomares Vincent, or Frank Vincent Kaczmarkiewicz. The Clerk called the resolution
A-3844856, Tsoy, Vic~or Nicholas, or Vic- A-5714331, Kiritsis,• George, Spiros, or Be it enacted, et-c.; That for the purposes tor Ghoi. . George Kiritsis. of the immigration and natm:alization laws, A-5880!)51, Urgent, Lill~an Elisallet~. . A-7070295, Kirsch, Alfred, . or Alfredo Cilka Elizabeth Ingrova shall be he~d and A_:.6569441, Vallega, Attilio, or Attilio''Fie- Kirsch. · ·· considered to have.been lawfitny'admitted to tro Angelo. . A-2883903, Kolydas, Io'annis Nic~olas, · or the· United States for permanent
400'1 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--liOUSE APRIL 17 There is so much to do, Mr. Speaker. frfends and-neighbors is' always-the best that .though it started with the United It is my belief that we cannot fulfill our and happiest relationship. As- a me.m States contributing about two-thirds of cotnmon destiny unless we who are all ber of the Foreign· Affairs Committee of the cost and each of the other coun par-:; of the family of mankind remember the House I pledge you my word, sir, tries concerned about one-third, be that we dwell upon this earth as guests that I will not· cease my -efforts in this cause of the success of these technical and visitors, as caretakers and ~tewards, direction. activities' the proportions are. now re we must remember that it is His domin Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield versed, the other countries contributing ion, that we must approach it with to the distinguished gentleman from New two-thirds while we only contribute one great humility, with utter devotion, and York 1Mr.· JAVITsl. third. The value of the work of the with an unswerving purpose to do His Mr. JAVITS. Mr. Speaker, the cele servicios is rising while the cost to the will. I am certain that in the l~nds bration here of Pan-American Day re United States is constantly falling. there belcw the Rio Grande there are Ininds us that this is one of the most sea We have also very g~eat opportunities many who understand this language. soned of the world's regional organiza in the way· of the interchange of peo Yes, they know in their hearts as we tions, the Organization of American -ples and ideas between the other Amer know deep within ours, that the world is States, an organization for the mutual ican Republics and the United States. the Lord's. It is in such a spirit that I defense of our whole Continent, and an Particularly is this opportunity in fields am hoping we of the North will join organization for the development of its of technical, industrial, and cultural with the people of the South in an effort cultural and economic possibilities. training bringing people from the other to return it unto His hands with a new The Organization of American States American countries to us and sending reverence and a flaming faith. Then, is distinguished by an equality of respon our peop~e to them to learn more about indeed, could we be certain that together sibility, every one of the 21 American arts, letters, government, and produc we are building a kingdom of peace, one Republics, regardless of size and eco tion processes, both in agriculture and that will indeed be a bulwark for those nomic or political power, having an equal in industry. . wpo love and serve the Lord regardless voice with every one of the other Amer .The resources of the Western Hemi of the name by which they may call ican Republics and that, I think, is per sphere potentially are enormous, full, Him, regardless of the formulas they use haps its most signal achievement. This and ample for all our peoples. The Or to worship Him. has not only been true in words but it ganization of the American States rep So upon this Pan-American Day, this has also been true in the engagements resents the most auspicious possible ef celebration day, I would like to pay my undertaken by these powers among fort to develop fully not only our eco respects to the people south of the Rio themselves. We find every day that the nomic resources but the means for ad Grande. I would like above all to say progress of democracy in this whole area vancing magnificently our human re to the women of that great area: "Let of the world in the Western Hemisphere sources and our cultural and spiritual us together build God's world in this essentially depends upon this unity resources as well. new land into which we have been per among the American States. Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield mitted to come, into which we who are Right now there are many people in to the gentleman from California CMr. women will have the privilege of bring the United States. and the other Ameri JACKSON]. ing the children ·of the future." can Republics who are concerned about Mr. JACKSON of Caiifornia. Mr. I would above all things else, beg what is going on in one of those coun Speaker, it is indeed a great privilege them all-men and women alih.e-to ask tries with regard to freedom of the press. and a great honor as a member of the the Infinite to give us ever greater un I have a deep feeling, and I think it House Committee on Foreign Affairs and derstanding of each other and of His should be voiced here today, that by the as a member of the Subcommittee on the purpo_ses that ultimately there may be concerted influence which the people of Western Hemisphere to join with others peace. • every one· of these countries has upon today in paying a word of tribute to our Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield the others due to the practice in the • sister republics throughout the hemi to the gentleman from North Carolina joint efforts of democracy which they . sphere, from Tierra del Fuego, at the very [Mr. CHATHAM]. . have had, the problems in that particu tip of Argentina, to the Arctic Circle. Mr. CHATHAM. Mr. Speaker, I have lar country, I am confident, will be solved The Organization of American States found in my own experience that in and without the violent upheavals or was founded in a community of com times of depression and prosperity, sick the other difficulties which have charac mon interest, a community of common ness and in health, peace and war, one's terized similar problems in other places. problems, economic, military, and social. own neighbors mean more to an indi I am confident they will be solved coop The Organization of American States, vidual family than anyone else. I think eratively in the Western Hemisphere, which has done so much to weld the the same is true in regard to a nation, and they will be solved peacefully by the several member republics into a work and I want to express the feeling that spontaneous expression of the peoples of able design, is perhaps one of the world's our neighboring countries to the south, the Americas. finest examples of cooperative endeavor the Pan-American countries, are our We must remember at this time, too, in any given regional area. The Organi-. nearest neighbors and that everything that the economic standard of living of zation of American States working we can do to create beUer understanding most of the people in the other American through the Pan American Union, with these neighbors will be for the good Republics is considerably lower than which, of course, has its headquarters of all of us. ours and I think this is the day upon here in the city of Washington, has made The people of the United States and which we should take stock of that fact tremendous strides in bringing about of our neighboring republics enjoy the and dedicate ourselves to doing every throughout this hemisphere a better freedoms which our forefathers fought thing we can to raise standards of living way of life for more people, a better for and achieved; and I pledge you, sir, in the Americas by way of economic co place in the sun for a greater number of that I will work night and day for closer operation, by way of economic arra:nge individuals and peoples. relationships with these friends. ments which we have engaged in in the It is true that the Organization of Oµr countries have been blessed by past and now in connection with the American States is not without its prob divine providence, and in a spirit of obtaining of strategic materials from so lems. Would that the world were so thankfulness I hope that through the many of the other American Republics easily managed that you could take 20 interchange of goods and services, and by way of technical cooperation republics and have no problems. There through frequent visits among ourselves, under the exchange programs. are problems within the Organization of and through tolerance and understand Technical cooperation.in the Americas American States, but they are problems ing we will become closer and closer kni·t has been going on for a long time, even that are being met through the processes as friends and neighbors in the future. before it was called point 4. We have of applied democracy. As was so well It is my belief that our first and great been functioning under it in the fields of pointed out by the gentleman from New est efforts in the point 4 program should health, education, road building, sani York 1:Mr. JAVITS] here is an organiza be directed among our neighbors and tation, -and other projects in a num tion which is based :not upon might but that as a general policy we should trade ber of the other American Republics. upon the right of the least to have a say with them first with our commodities So successful has been this program equal with the greatest. Thus it is that and services because trade with close known in the Americas as "servicios"- we find small, geographically speaking, 1951 QONG~ESSIO;NAL R~CORD-HOUSE 4005 Costa Rica and tiny Uruguay casting Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such an extent that the disease is no votes equal in every respect with those to · the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. longer a threat. That is a COOT Jrative cast by the Argentine or by the United STEFAN]. program. There are many, many other States. , Mr. STEFAN. Mr. Speaker, I too, am cooperative programs which have al I think ttiat we should remember in · appreciative of the opportunity to par ready been covered in detail by other connection with point 4 and in connec ticipate in the celebration of Pan speakers, all of which bring about co tion with the other programs which look American Day. In view of the world operation and understanding amongst to the further development of the Re turmoHand the crisis with which we are the people of the Western Hemisphere. publics to the South that a dollar spent confronted, I feel that this is a day for So I say again, the martyrs and the in Latin America is a dollar which will rejoicing because of the better · under heroes of Central and South America, produce more in e·conomic well being, standing· between the people of the great men such as Carlos de Cespedes, of move toward the raising of the standard United States of America and the people Cuba, and t~1e Abraham Lincoln, of Ecua of living, than that same dollar will pro and the governments composing our dor, Eloy Alfaro, and many, many others, duce in any other portirm of the world. sister republics south of the Rio Grande. would be happy today if they could know A dollar invested h Latin Americ'.t is not . The committees of which I am a mem that we are gathered here today in the invested in soil whicll has been worn out ber has been laboring for many weeks United States House of Representatives, by generations of tilling ·but it is rather on appropriations for many projects to celebrating our mutual frieno.ship; our an investment in riew earth, in new de improve and henefit the people in our better understanding of our separate velopments, in an increased standard of sister republics on the basis of coopera · problems; that we ·are marching for living and more of the good thing_ of life tion. I am very happy to report that in ward together with glorious success in for more people. all of the hearings we have held on these the crusade for the objectives of brother I think I wouid be remiss if I did not various projects the cooperative spirit ly love, better neighbor policies, and all say, Mr. Speaker, that in my humble between our neighbors and ourselves has of those things for which they gave been paramount. In all of these co their great ·service and their precious opinion-and I am sure that my opinion lives. Long live the Pan American . is shared by the other members of the operative programs the maintenance of our .separate nationalities, our national Union; long live the solidarity of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs and peoples of the Western Hemisphere'. . the subcommittee en the Western Hemi traditions are zealously kept intact. We· - are working together in this western Mr. R~CHARDS. Mr. Spe~ker, I yield sphere:_that Assistant Secretary of to the gentleman from California [Mr. State, Edward ·G. Miller, Jr., has done ·a Hemisphere in a real spirit of friendship SHELLEY]. - tremendous job throughout Latin Amer and understanding. I am sure that these good neighbor activities would be ~r. SHELLEY. Mr. Speaker, as one ica ~ Born in Puerto Rico, - raised in who lives on the we .. t coast of the United Cuba, as fluent in the use of Spanish as highly · approved of by Carlos de Cespedes, the martyr of Cuba; Eloy States in the gr~at State. of California, he is in English, he has won widespread which was founded· by the missionaries . admiration not only among our own peo Alfaro, the Ecuadorian martyr-no:w called the Abraham Lincoln of the coun- who came to us from the Southern Hemi ple in the embassies and in the Foreign sphere, and from Central America, first Service, but among those with whom he . try of .which he was once president and many of· the other· Central and South the Jesuits, then the Franciscans, and as must deal throughout the Americas on the representative of the city of St. Fran a diplomatic basis. I think that Mr. American statesmen of the past and present. cis, San Francisco by the Golden Gate, Miller is probably one of the finest things a city which is well established in its that has happened to "inter-American I want to join other Members of Con gress today in paying tribute to Mon trade and relatiOnship with the people of relations in the last 20 years. our sister nations, I canont help but take Again, Mr. Speaker, it is a great priv'i signor Thorning, whose name is synony the floor to pay the tribute of my con lege to be abie to join with the other of mous with Christianity in Central and stituents and my peopie, as well as my my colleagues on the committee in pay South America, as well as his work in self on this Pan-American Day to our ing a few words of respect to the sister bringing about better understanding neighbors and sister republics to the republics of the Western Hemisphere. between our people. His services must south, nations which have followed ·a Long may they in good fellowship and never be forgotten: and I am glad he is with us today to participate in this Christian, brothe:rly . principle through in cooperation continue to seek the the years and a policy which has done answers to the many practical problems great ceremony. good for this country and which, under which they have. I am sure that this We ~re today engaged in the project God, will do good fo:.: all the nations and they will contfotie to do. of completing the great International th'e peoples of those nations so we all Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I yield highway between the Americas, between pray. to the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. the United St&.tes, Central and South Mr. RICHARDS. Mr. Speaker, I ask RABAUT]. America. Soon the people of North unanimous consent that all Members Mr. R.ABAUT. Mr. Speaker, previo:us America will be traveling by automobile may have five legislative days to exterid to our entrance into World War II it was to the far corners of Central and South their remarks at this point. my privilege to head a commission from America and the people there will auto The SPEAKER pro tempore / 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4011 So, in the total appropriations for Fed about by this impact unless funds are to the best of my ability, but we were eral Security, we cut $81,660,799 below granted which are recommended by the outvoted about 4 to 1. the Bureau of the Budget, but the total Office of Education. Mr. J·ENSEN. I was not one of -the is $88,006,381 over what they have avail Mr. FOGARTY. We have granted the Members who voted to increase it. I re- . able in 1951 up to dat~. However, when full budget estimate. We have not cut ·member the gentleman who·is now ad we subtract the $102,750,000 in contract them one dime. Also, as I said a few dressing the Committee did try his best authority they had in 1951, but will not minutes ago, the Bureau of the Budget to stop the increase, for which I con have in 1952, it shows a reduction of recommended another $50,000,000 for gratulate him. $14,743,619 below what they have so far fiscal 1951. That has been referred to Mr. PERKINS. I think the gentleman in fiscal year 1951. the Senate· because we had concluded will find that the formula set forth in I now yield to the gentleman· from our hearings. Public Laws 815 and 874, Eighty-first Kentucky. Mr. PERKINS. Does the gentleman Congress, clearly defines what a Federal Mr. PERKINS. Getting -back to the · know that the Office of ·. Education has impacted project is .. Before any affected grants for school aid in the federally undertaken to set up a priority system on area can qualify for Federal assistance impacted areas. I notice the gentleman these applications because of inadequate the area must meet all of the require stated that last year was the first appro funds and as a result very few areas have ments set forth in those laws, and you priations made for construction grants received relief to any appreciable extent? will find that those requirements are and for maintenance and operation in · Mr. FOGARTY. That is right. very rigid. For instance, the children of federally impacted areas under Public Mr. JENSEN. Mr. Chairman, will the personnel at military and defense in Laws 815 and 874, is not that correct? gentleman yield? stallations must be overcrowding schools Mr. FOGARTY. That is right. Mr. FOGARTY. I yield to the gen near the installations. And then again ·. Mr. PERKINS. Those laws were en tleman from Iowa. the area not only has to be paying iti? acted during the Eighty-first Congress. Mr. JENSEN. I am sure the gentle fair share of taxes, but you will find that Mr. FOGARTY. For construction in man remembers a couple of years ago because of the loss of real estate taken 1951 fiscal, we appropriated $24,500,000 when this proposition was first pre .over by the Federal Government, that and gave them contract authority of sented to the House that a $10,000,000 that is one of the conditions that brings $25,000,000. They are going to a straight appropriation was requested and at that about this Federal impact. cash basis in 1952 fiscal. time a number of Memhers raised the . Mr. JENSEN! But you must remem 1 i Mr. PERKINS. Can the gentleman point that if ·this appropriation were ber that because of the Federal insta11a -tell the membership of this committee made, that is, · if the appropriation of .tions moving in· there tQ.at all .of , th~ whether or not the Office of Education $10,000,000 were made, in a few years it property advances in value one, two, now has hundreds of applications that would be $50,000,000 ·or $100,000,000 and three, four, five hundred to one thousand they cannot do anything with or grant soon possibly hundreds of millions of dol percent. any funds in these various · areas lars. Mr. PERKINS. That, too, is taken into throughout the United States because of Mr. FOGARTY. They tentatively es consideration. The point is that the the insufficiency of the appropriation? timate this construction program at impact brought about by world condi Am I correct in that statement? $380,000,000. That is in the hearings,· tions is so much greater now than it was Mr. FOGARTY. The gentleman is Mr. JENSEN. Yes. The gentleman a year ago or 2 years ago. correct. They testified before the com can see, I s.m sure, if the committee Mr. JENSEN. I recognize the need to mittee-and this was several weeks ago which he so ably presides over does not take care of these impacted districts but that they had just adopted a policy of hold down the request for such appro certainly I want the people who are prof refusing to take, or approve, further priations there will be demands from iting directly from this program of war applications. As I remember, they set all over America to the tune of a billion installations to pay their fair share of February 28, 1951, as the cut-off date dollars. Now, did the comniittee go into taxes; and I am afraid too many of them because they had no money to cover ap the matter to determine whether the ·are not' doing so. plications after that date. That, in businessmen who are in business in those Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Chairman, will the essence, was the situation ·when we held congested areas around these national gentleman yield? the hearings. defense installations are paying .their Mr. FOGARTY. I yield to the gentle : . Mr. PERKINS. And because of the share of taxes for the education of the inadequacy of the appropriation during children and for other things pertaining man from California. the past year no applications were con to the expenses of the project? Mr. DOYLE. I call attention to pages sidered or honored after February of Mr. FOGARTY. We did. .. 8 and 9 of the committee report dealing this year-because of lack of funds. Mr. JENSEN. What did the gentle with the Office of Education and call : Mr. FOGARTY. That in essence is man find out? 'attention particularly to lines 3 to 5· on correct. But perhaps you could not Mr. FOGARTY. The facts as to that page J.4 of the bill which provides that blame them, and you could not blame are in the printed hearings. I remem "no part of the appropriation shall be the Committee on Appropriations be ber going into that particular phase of available for vocational education in dis cause we did not last fall know what the it, and other members of the committee tributive occupations." I call the at full requirements were going to be, and did at the same time. I have that situ tention of the chairman to two telegrams in fact, do not yet know exactly what the ation in my own State. I received from prominent educators in total will be. When the Government Mr. JENSEN. The gentleman real my State and read them. Will the distin makes determinations to reopen military izes that a lot of money is being made by guished subcommittee chairman please installations and operate these new war merchants in those areas and, in my give explanatory reply to these two tele plants in various areas, I think the local opinion, the Congress should see to it grams from these distinguished educa communities expect the Federal Govern that those merchants pay their fair tors? ment to pay its share and to see to it share of the taxes which are necessary The CHAIRMAN. The time of the that these school children get an ade to carry on those school facilities, be gentleman from Rhode Island has again quate education. cause if you do not one of these fine expired. Mr. PERKINS. And if the· increased days, as the Government expands, every Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I yield appropriation is not granted which the town, every place, in the country will be myself 10 additional minutes. ge:.1tleman has spoken in favor of this aslting for a war installation for the sole Mr. DOYLE. May I just briefly read afternoon, or referred to, communities purpose of ducking its tax responsibility, these two short telegrams? · like Paducah and other communities Mr. FOGARTY. I may say at thts Mr. FOGARTY. Why does not the throughout the country will be severely point that when the bill was up last fall, gentleman put them in the RECORD? I handicapped from an educational stand- the House conferees cut in half what the know what they are, and I will answer .point. Senate had allowed. That is, to $24,000,- his question. Mr. FOGARTY. That is right. 000 plus. An amendment was offered in Mr. DOYLE. Will the gentleman tell Mr . . PERKINS. And will have no the House to restore those cuts. I at ·us briefly why the appropriation for means to meet the situation brought tempted to defend the cuts at that ~ime distributive education is eliminated2 I 4012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· :HOUSE APRIL 17 read from your report on page 9. I re We realize some of it is desirable, but vided in the George-Barden Act, agri ceived a telegram authorized by the able not suIDciently important at this time culture, home economics, and the. trade superintendent of schools in my city when we must husband our limited and industry sections of it. of Long Beach, a city of some 300,000 dollars. Mr. FOGARTY. I agree with the gen~ people, and also one from the superin Mr. DOYLE. Manisfestly some of tleman that if we were not faced with tendent of the State Polytechnic Insti those items may be very desirable, prob a drive for economy in this country and tute of San Luis Obispo. I think those ably some are not in view of necessity of we had a lot of money to spend, some of famous educators know the importance reducing Federal expenditures. I read those things are desirable, but I think of the program where there are some the telegrams: the gentleman understands that we 60,000 students affected in my State of LONG BEACH, CALIF., Ap1;il 16, 1951. spent several weeks on this bill, and we California. Hon. CLYDE DOYLE, tried to cut where it would hurt the least. Mr. FOGARTY. This comes under Member of Congress, House Office Building, This is one of the places. There are the George-Barden Act. The Bureau of Washington: many, many other places we have cut the Budget this year recommended that Knowing your interest in education follow much more deeply than this on projects $10,000,000 be cut out of the $19,842,760 ing is sent as a guide. Labor Federal secu in which I am personally interested. normally appropriated for that particu rity appropriation bill to be voted upon Tues There are many things I shoultl like to day, April 17. ~ill omits inclusion of dis lar fund. They wanted that $10,000,000 tributive education. Douglas Newcomb, see increased, but we have not increased set aside for defense training, which school superintendent, Long Beach Sales one single item. We have cut practi would cut into the agricultural . and Executive Club and Retailers Associated urge cally every item. I think the gentleman home economics and mechanical arts reinstatment of distributive education as will agree with me that no one will be and distributive· education part of these training field continued through past world hurt by this. funds. The committee did not go along war merchants prices fixed. Losing experi Mr. HOLIFIELD. I think the gentle with the request of the Bureau of the enced salesmen to war plants. Decreased ef man and his committee have done a fine Budget. We overrode the Bureau of the ficiency increases cost prices and damages job on this. I want to compliment them Budget and put back that $10,000,000 public morale. Trained replacements need· ed. Federal money matched by State. particularly on removing the clause in and kept the funds of the George-Bar J. E. HOLLINSWORTH. the former legislation which prohibited den Act intact so that these agricultural $10,000,000 of the George-Barden fund and mechanical arts and home econom from being used in anything except de ics programs would not be disturbed. SAN LUIS OBISPO, CALIF., April 16, 1951. fense training, because that has dis But it was brought to our attention Congressman CLYDE DOYLE, House of Representatives: rupted the educational system in many about the distributive occupations, and Just learned that $10,000,000 was restored parts of the Nation. In California we we put in the hearings, beginning on to the QUdget bill for vocational educatioI}. have about 129 communities that are de page 391, what the so-called distribu: but $1,500,000 was deducted for the purpose pendent on those funds to help pay the tive occupations are. The committee of abolis_hing distributive education program. salaries of teachers. I defer to the judg was unanimous in this, after looking at Understand appropriation bill will be heard ment of the gentleman and his commit the distributive occupations classes ·be ·on the floor of the House of Representatives tee on this particular point. ing taught, such as training gas-station Tuesday, April 17. By abolishing this valu Mr. HAYS of Arkansas. Mr. Chair attendants and soda-fountain people, able program at tllis time it will deprive 129 school departments · and 60,000 students of man, will the gentleman yield? and elevator operators and salesmen in the training and distributive education. Mr. FOGARTY. I yield. the stores. There are a vast number of Hope you can do something on behalf this Mr. HAYS of Arkansas. The gentle them in this list, sucb as parliamentary fine program. man from Iowa made an important procedures, merchant-association man JULIAN A. MCPHEE, point, I think, but as I understand the agement, analyzing distribution costs. President, California State Polytechnic general legislation under which this ap public relation~ trai:.1ing, principles o.f College, San Luis Obispo, Calif. propriation is made, the criteria were retailing, economics of retailing, busi I thank the gentleman. adequate. In other words, no district ness clinics, show-card writing, market can qualify unless it is shown that it is ing research, retail display, direct mail Mr. FOGARTY. Continuing, the list shows interior decorating, selling home maintaining the same ratio, the same advertising, psychology of selling, Eng contribution, and unless there is real dis lish and speech for sales purposes and furnishings, hardware selling, "paint power" training, building material sell tress there. It seems to me the experi personality development. ing, wallpaper selling, estimating heat ence on this thing would be very helpful. Well, when we got into those things fng and afr conditioning, blueprint read In other words, if we need to make im we thought in times like these we should ing for salesmen, shoe selling, men's provements in the formula by which the retrench a little bit, and we only cut otI wear selling, fur selling, soda-fountain money is made available to the impacted $1,794,000 plus. We felt, all things con training, cosmetic selling, drug-store district, then of course experience will sid.ered, that nobody would be hurt if management, variety-store selling. point the way. we cut out this $1,794,000. Mr. HOLIFIELD. Mr. Chairman, will It seems to me the committee has done Mr. DOYLE. Granting the desira the gentleman yield? the right thing in granting the full re bility of reducing Federal expense, I Mr. FOGARTY. I yield to the gen quest, because my information is tha·t think the chairman has not yet enu tleman from California. really much more is actually needed than merated from pages 391, 392, and 393 of Mr. HOLIFIELD. I am interested in has actually been made available under the hearings the objects of education this elimination of the distributive voca the appropriation. which do seem to me to be reasonable, tional training. It seems to me many Mr. DONDERO. Mr. Chairman, will such, for instance, as instructions in the of those things the gentleman read are tha gentleman yield? problems of small business and several just as important as a man's learning Mr. FOGARTY. I yield. others which cannot be c:>,lled less than a manual trade. Take an individual Mr. DONDERO. I notice on page 15, always important. who wants to take a course in retail under the "Grants for school construc Mr. FOGARTY. There is not much selling and learn Spanish for use in the tion'' that in line 17, after setting forth of that in this particular store education Spanish-American sections of our Na that $75,000,000 is to remain available for thing. If you will read that list, you will tion, such as Texas and California. I school construction, it is provided that see reference to classes in Spanish for think it is a legitimate means of train no portion of this appropriation shall salespeople, cashier and checker train ing him so that he can have a liveli be available for reimbursement pp.yments ing, Portuguese for salespeople, French hood. It seems that some of those indi under section 205. Would the gentle for salespeople, Italian for salespeople, vidual items the gentleman read may man explain that, and tell us what the store system training, receptionist train not be worthy, but it does seem that effect of that provision is and what it ing, elevator operator training, route some of them are, particularly in the refers to? men training, tourist ·information and field of retail selling, because it is in Mr. FOGARTY. . Because of the ur courtesy-I am reading right down the those fields that the individuals have to gency of other projects whose applica list. That is the type of distributive make a living, the same as in the fields tions had been approved and the limited education classes they are conducting. where they use manual training as pro- amount of money that they had to work 1951 . CONGRESSIONAL.. RECORD-HOUSE. . 4013 with, they had to make out these priority Mr. BROWN· of Georgia. Mr. Chair Mr. REES of Kansas. I thank the lists to . take care of the most . urgent man, I · am certainly very disappointed gentleman. It is the information I was situations that they were faced with at that this item has been cut. · In my State. seeking. Together with that I wa:µted the time. Actually, the law itself re I do not know of any money that has to make sure that the cost of that em quires that where there is not enough done more good for the people than this ployment had not been shifted to the money available, preference must be item which the committee has cut out Defense Department or some other given to new projects as contrasted to providing for the training of these boys. agency. It is a real reduction in em reimbursements for projects heretofore I certainly hope the item will be restored. ployment? built. I think this training program is one of Mr. McGRATH. I can assure the Mr. DONDERO. This bill carries out the most outstanding things that we ·in gentleman that it is, based an estimates the policy of assisting school districts in the Congress have done for the young supplied to us. impacted areas where they absolutely people of this country to enable them to Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I cannot take care of the situation alone? get the training which they need. yield back the remainder of my time. Mr. FOGARTY. Yes, sir. Mr. FOGARTY. We were faced with The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman Mr. BROWNSON. Mr. Chairman, will a problem. The Bureau of the Budget from Rhode Island has consumed 50 the gentleman yield? recommended taking· $10,000,000 out of minutes. Mr. FOGARTY. I yield. the George-Barden Act for defense Mr. SCHW ABK Mr. Chairman, I Mr. BROWNSON. Is it not a fact that training, which would have disrupted, as yield myself 10 minutes. most of this · distributive trailing pro we believed and as outside witnesses and Mr. Chairman, it is ·a distinct pleasure gram was set up primarily in connection other Members of the Congress believed. to be able to say a few words compli with the veterans training ·program and the most important functions of that mentary of the chairman of this com with the veterans apprenticeship pro act and those were the functions in agri mittee and the majority members of the gram in the first place? • culture, in the mechanical arts, and home committee as well as in behalf of my Mr. FOGARTY. No. This was set up economics. Those were the three prin':" colleague the gentleman from Illinois several years ago by legislation. · I can cipal functions of the four. We thought [Mr. BUSBEY]. not recall how many years ago, but it we were doing a good job by keeping In the first place, during my entire goes way back. It is something that has the most essential parts of the act intact; service on the Appropriations Commit been going on for Y,ears. ·that is, the training for agriculture, tee and on this subcommittee in former Mr. BROWNSON. As a small-busi• mechanical arts, and home economics. years and ori other subcommittees,' there ness man who learned his distributive We felt that distributive education would never has been more harmonious work training at $8 a week jn a retail store. be the one place we could show some done by any subcommittee of which I I congratulate the committee on its de:. savings and not do any real harm. We have been a member. That is due to the cision. overrode the Bureau of the Budget and fact that every member of the commit Mr. FOGARTi'. I thank the gentle we went all the way down the line on tee had in mind a single purpose. That man. agriculture, mechanical arts, and home was to appropriate all the money that Mr. HAMILTON C. JONES. ·Mr. .economics, because we were convinced was necessary for the legitimate opera Chairman, will the gentleman yield? by the testimony of other Members of tion of the various agencies for which Mr. FOGARTY. I yield. . Congress and people who· came ·from we were called upon to make appropria- Mr. HAMILTON C. JONES. As I un other States throughout the c·our.try·, . tions, without crippling them to any derstand, this cuts out all of the dis and our own knowledge, that those were considerable extent and prohibiting tributive education? most necessary and should not be cut. their functioning. And at the same Mr. FOGARTY. It does. time, to bear in mind, as we heard from Mr. HAMILTON C. JONES. My dis Mr. BROWN of Georgia. I hope the every witness, the necessity of appro:. trict is in the neighborhood of Char gentleman will join us in voting for an priating economically; of appropriating lotte, and we have operated out of Char amendmerit to restore this amount. only for the purposes that were really lotte under this program. There are two Mr. FOGARTY. I am sorry I will not necessary for nondefense activities. schools in the county and six in my be able to do that, as much as I would The witnesses from the agencies came home county. I know that they are like to. in and almost without exception the teaching courses which are of great value Mr. Chairman, I have taken· much heads of those agencies tried to key all to the students. Of course this cripples more time than I anticipated when I be':" of their activities to defense operations. the whole program and will practically gan. I have tried to give a general pic That was a very difficult problem for us knock it out. So I hope that there will ture of the committee recommendations. to face. They would say that this par be enough funds retained to keep those We will continue debate today as long ticular program was necessary to the de programs handling worth-while voca as anyone desires to speak. In my own fense program, and that this other pro tions and not the trash and such things way I have tried to tell you what we gram was essential in order that we as the gentleman read a few minutes were up against in cutting this particu might have a proper and efficient de ago .. lar appropriation bill, and how we were fense program, and that we must appro Mr. FOGARTY. May I say to the held down by existing legislation in try priate more money here than was ap gentlem~n from North Carolina that I ing to cut some of the appropriations. propriated before; that the activities intended to read what we have put in · Mr. McGRATH. Mr. Chairman, will must be extended and more money the RECORD on these three pages as to the gentleman yield? spent to the extent the chairman has just What distributive education means Mr. FOGARTY. I yield. just pointed out. In one instance the and the number of young people taking Mr. McGRATH. I would like to call President's Bureau of the Budget had these courses and everything else. It the gentleman's attention to the fact, in asked for a diversion of some $10,000,000 gives a pretty complete breakdown. I answer to the question by the distin from this national education program was not just reading isolated examples. guished gentleman from Kansas [Mr. to defense activities, and in another in However, I can agree with the gentle REES], who is most zealous at all times stance about a similar amount. So we man that it is going to cripple that par in keeping down expenses, as to the were confronted with those things from ticular program to the extent it depends number of personnel that had been cut the very beginning. We had to do what on Federal funds. But this is one place in the Labor Department. I now have we thought was the best we could do un where we thought we could cut and do the :figures for him. Information avail der the circumstances by separating little or no real harm. However, the able indicates that we have eliminated those things which were not absolutely gentleman will have an opportunity approximately 55 positions under the es essential for the defense program and when the bill is being read for amend timates of the budget. And compared were logically in the class of nondefense ment to offer any amendment he may with 1951, there would be approximately essentials and appropriating in those in think is desirable. 670 less positions. I think that is the in· stances economically. I think the Mr. BROWN of Georgia. Mr. Chair formation that the gentleman from chairman told you very ably what our man, will the gentleman yield? Kansas inquired about earlier this after general program was; and I want to say Mr. FOGARTY. I yield . . noon. that while we were conducting th8se 4014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE APRIL 17 hearings the chairman gave every mem nated that. We have in the hearings · which says there must be $15,000 of any ber of the committee, minority as well to which the chairman referred a few appropriation under this Act assigned in as majority member, every opportunity moments ago some two or three pages each State to distributive occupations? to interrogate any witness or to bring listing the items that fall within the Mr. SCHWABE. We simply have not any witness before the committee they distributive education field such as train appropriated any amount for distribu wanted to interrogate, and no one· was ing people to be grocery clerks, salesmen tive education. cut off. So I want to congratulate the in every line and learning different lan Mr. McCARTHY. That would appear chairman for being extremely liberal and guages for salesmanship and approach to be contrary to the provisions of the reasonable. and contact work, filling-station attend public law passed by the Seventy-ninth Then we came to marking up the bill, ants, soda jerkers, and what-not, almost Congress. and the chairman with the members of everything conceivable that I could Mr. SCHWABE. Perhaps so, but we the committee present led in the reading think of. In fact, I had no idea there have not appropriated for it as we legal of the items. I want to admit frankly was such a list · of activities included ly are not bound under any penalty to that being economically-minded, as I within the general scope that has just appropriate for any item under any au am, I thought that perhaps we should been mentioned. But we have preserved thorization bill unless the Appropria have made deeper cuts in many instances the main items of the bill and of the tions Committee, approved by the Con than we did. · program under the George-Barden Act gress, sees fit tv do so. Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, will and, so far as I know, with the general Mr. McCARTHY. But $15,000 of the gentleman yield? approval of the best minds who have every $40,000, it was provided, must go Mr. SCHWABE. I yield. helped us consider this bill. to distributive education. Now, two Mr. FOGARTY. Because of my sin We felt we could not appropriate fully Congresses later we say this program cere friendship for the gentleman from the items recommended by the Bureau is of such nature we ·wm not provide Oklahoma and knowing his great desire of the Budget and we felt more definitely anything. for economy -in this particular bill I certain, unanimously so, that we could went further than I ordinarily would not leave it to the Defense Department Mr. SCHWABE. We have limited the have gone because of his influence on me to take ten or eleven million dollars away dollars to be appropriated for this item. during the marking up of the bill. from this item and absolutely destroy the I want to-add that the other members Mr. SCHWABE. I think there is no field of vocational education activities of this committee join the chairman, doubt about that, and I want to thank under the George-Barden Act. If the the gentleman from Rhode Island [Mr. the gentleman publicly for acceding to gentleman will take a few minutes to FOGARTY], the gentleman from West my request in many instances. He was read those three or four pages of the Virginia [Mr. HEDRICK], the gentleman very generous and very considerate, and hearings he will see there is a list of from New York ·[Mr. McGRATH], and the I appreciate it. items there that ordinarily the States gentleman from Indiana [Mr. DENTON] Mr. HINSHAW. Mr. Chairman, will and localities can and will take care of, in saying that the minority members the gentleman yield? if they want to consider that minor part were shown every possible courtesy, and Mr. SCHWABE. I yield gladly. of the activity under the George-Barden on behalf of the minority members we Mr. HINSHAW. I received a commu Act. want to thank them and to say also that nication from the educational authorities . Mr. HINSHAW. I thank the gentle the very able clerk of this committee, of my district concerning an item called man. Can he refer me to the page num Paur Wilson, was as fair to one side as Distributive Education with a state bers in the hearings? to the other, as far as we could tell...... i.. ment on their part that that item had Mr. McGRATH. Three hundred and ·we have always known him to be that been completely deleted from the bill. ninety-one and 392, and it includes such way-and likewiSe his assistant.. So it I am not quite certain that I fully un things as tombstone selling. · was a pleasure to work with and have derstand what the term "Distributive Mr. SCHWABE. That is one of a mul the cooperation of my worthy chairman Education" means. I would like to hear tjplicity of items, but the pages are 391, in acceding to many of my requests for the gentleman's comments on it. 392, and 393. cuts, as he has so kindly condescended Mr. SCHWABE. May I say to the Mr. ~ McCARTHY,' Mr. Chairman, to say this afternoon, resulting, in what gentleman from California that had he will the gentleman yield? · he has told you, in an over-all cut of been on the floor a few moments .earlier Mr. SCHWABE. I yield to the gentle $89,973,799 as compared with the esti the chairman of the committee ad man from Minnesota. mates of the Bureau of the Budget. - dressed himself to the same subject in Mr. McCARTHY. Is there anything Mr. Chairman, may I just sugg.est that answer to a question from two other in this program that is considered in connection with appropriation bills Members· from California, and I believe worthwhile? and subcommittees on' which I served hf! would have had a full explanation. Mr. SCHWABE. There is no doubt in the past I do not think there have Mr. HINSHAW. I regret that it was but what there is some good in the worst been any instances until now but what not possible for me to be on the floor at programs and I think that is true here; I received a number of wires and letters that time. but, by and large, the program was not and telephone and personal calls from Mr. SCHWABE. I appreciate that and considered of such importance as other many people expressing dissatisfaction t:tere is no criticism, and I shall repeat programs under the George-Barden Aq_t", with the figures. These figures were pub some of it for the benefit of my friend. which is the reason we eliminated that lished about a week ago, or almost a week In the first place, the appropriation feature of it. We thought that was of ago, at any rate, and so far I have re for this particular item now known as the least importance. ceived only one such protest. I will get the George-Barden Act has been rather The CHAIRMAN. The time of the others, perhaps, but they have not come stable for many years. The Bureau of gentleman from Oklahoma has expired. in in ariy great number, which indicates the Budget has requested that some Mr. SCHWABE. Mr. Chairman, I to me that the cuts we have made are $10,000,000 or $11,000,000 of this be sub yield myself 5 additional minutes. justified. Perhaps we could have done a ject to the defense activities as might Mr. McCARTHY. I have here copy better job and gone even lower, and I be directed. That would have disrupted; of Public Law 586 of the Seventy-ninth believe we could have, but the commit yes, it would have destroyed as we were Congress in which it was stated tha~ tee worked this program out the best we told by the most competent witnesses Notwithstanding the provi.sions of subsec~ thought we could in perfect harmony we could get, all of the effective work tion (a), the amount to be available for ex and with unanimity. I think that we under the George-Barden Act on voca penditure in any State or Territory shall be all agreed under all the circumstances tional education. The George-Barden not less, for any fiscal year, than $40,000 each Act provides for vocational education for vocational education in agriculture, in this is about the best we could do upon along the lines of agriculture and do home economics, and in trades and indus the evidence that was presented before .tnestic science, and they have other items try; $15,000 for vocational education in dis the committee. I just say frankly that called the distributive program of edu tributive occupations. I hope the Committee of the Whole will cation, and that is what we cut OJ.It. , To Is there any conflict between what the sustain the work of our committee be answer the gentleman, we have elimi- committee has done and the basic law cause we tried hard to do a good job. ·1£51 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 4015 Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I .hearings on this particular bill at the It seems to me that it· is not wise. yield to the gentleman from Oklahoma present time in the Senate. I think . Here is a business which is among the CMr. ALBERT] such time as he may desire. the best thing to do would be to make top businesses of the country, perhaps Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Chairman, I take the request over there, because they have the very top single industry in the this time to inquire of the chairman of it before them. It is a live problem amount of money involved, $28,000,000,- the committee about the item in this with them, whereas we have gone 000. Yet we will not appropriate $500,000 bill for school construction under the through it ourselves. to supply the Federal Reserve Board with Federal impact legislation that was Mr. ALBERT. I thank the gentle the information it needs to determine passed last year. As I understand it, man. the effect of regulation X and the in this bill contains an appropriation in the Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I formation which other agencies require. amount of $75,000,000, and a supple yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from It is just as if, we had a $50,000 . enter mental request for $50,000,000 has al Arkansas [Mr. HAYS]. prise and refused to spend $1 for in- · ready been made by the Bureau of the Mr. HAYS of Arkansas. Mr. Chair formation as to the costs and other de Budget. As I further understand it, the man, I am reluctant to offer any criti tails. For that is what'it is. It amounts full amount of the budget request is con cism at all of this report. The com to $500,000 out of a total expenditure in tained in the bill, but I am advised by mittee has been very conscientious, as the country for building of $28,000,000,- the Office of Education that, should the its personnel would be with any assign,. 000. For that reason I hope that in some entire amount be appropriated, there ment. I appreciate the courteous hear way this can be corrected and that the ·would still be many approved projects ing they have given those of us who Congress will make some provision to not provided for by any appropriation have some complaints because of cuts carry on the gathering and dissemina now under consideration. If that is true in items. tion of statistics on the construction the effect is going to be that certain I rise particularly to speak of the industry, schools are going to be able to go on with Bureau of Labor Statistics. There is There was constructed in the first their construction programs while other a cut for the Bureau of Labor Statistics quarter of this year 250,000 residential schools will have to await further action of almost $1,000,000-$950,000. I .fear units, disapproving incidentally the con by the Congress. So, we are going to that unless we maintain the work of clusion of the committee that the vol have a discriminatory situation which is this Bureau the Government will suffer ume is being greatly reduced. What will going to be unfair to some school dis greatly for lack of the valuable statis we have the rest of the year? Will there tricts. tics which only this agency can supply. be a million or will it be cut in two? I would like to ask the chairman For about 25 years the Bureau has been 'The Federal Reserve Board will not know whether that statement is substantially providing statistics for the public and if this work is cut out entirely. So, for correct and if so whether or not the for Government agencies. I think it 25 years we have had this excellent work committee would agree to increase this would be uniformly agreed that they going on. I fear for it unless some pro item to an amount sufficient to take care have done a scientific job. They have · vision is made to gather the statistics never been partisan. They have main officially. · of all approved projects. tained the highest professional stand Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, the ards. Incidentally, its name is some I do crave the sympathetic hearing of committee was not in possession of all what misleading. It might logically be the committee members when requests the facts, of course. In the first place, called the Bureau of Statistics. It is are made, and I hope if some way can be we do not know whether the communi in the Department of Labor, but it is found to avoid the impact of such a dras ties where these schools are going to be serving not only labor groups but many tic cut, such measures will be adopted. built will get building priority materials economic interests. The CHAIRMAN. The time of the to build them with. That is an unknown I call attention to this tremendous gentleman from Arkansas has expired. quantity. We do not know whether they cut which I think is attributable chie:fly Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairm·an, I are going to be available or not. At the to the fact that the committee con yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from same time, some communities have built cluded construction statistics could be North Carolina [Mr. DEANE]. schools, and under the law they could dispensed with. I regret the action very Mr. DEANE. Mr. Chairman, I take expect to be reimbursed for. some por much. I do not propose to off er an the same position as the distinguished tion of the cost. That was before the amendment to restore the amount in gentleman from Arkansas [Mr. HAYS] in . national emergency we are in at the dicated. I offer this statement in the not offering an amendment involving the present time l;lad hit its peak. Only this hope that some way will be found to appropriation for vocational rehabilita much money has been available. A lot .save the function of compiling the ex tion. But I do take this time to get in of it has been guess work in the past. tremely important figures on construc the RECORD the fact that the States are It is something that is coming to a head tion. carrying on a remarkable program of re now. They have appealed to the Bureau I wish to call attention also to the fact habilitation. As I walked into the of the Budget. As I said before, they that in 1947 the appropriation for the Chamber a few minutes ago there was in have asked for $100,000,000 additional Bureau resulted in a 50-percent reduc the outside corridor a wonder! ul lad r..:.i.oney. The Bureau of the Budget al tion in the personnel. It operates today from Korea-an amputee. I am think lo#ed them only $50,000,000 of that with several hundred fewer employees ing of tlfat great host of American citi $100,000,000 , why I do not know, because than during the war. zens who are not veterans but who are that request has gone over to the Senate. There is no other agency to provide subject to the rehabilitation program of But under the facts as we had them, the figures on the construction industry our various States. we went along and gave them everything in this country except the Bureau of The basic civilian rehabilitation law, the Bureau of the Budget allowed, and Labor Statistics. We are now building Public Law 113, obligates the Federal that is all a Government agency could new buildings, commercial and residen Government to pay all administration, request from the committee. tial, at the rate of $28,000,000,000 a year. guidance, and placement cost and to Mr. ALBERT. Did the Office of Edu That was the figure for the calendar match on a dollar-for-dollar basis State cation suggest to the gentleman's com year. The Federal Reserve Board has funds for case services, that is, money mittee that the Bureau of the Budget put into operation, as the House knows, actually spent on the clients; hospitali cut was not justified in view of the ap regulation X. How does regulation X zation, surgery, training, anc'I. so forth. proved applications which the Office of operate and how is it affecting the con The 1951 appropriation is $20,600,000. Education has on hand? struction industry? The Board will not In their budgets for 1952, based upon Mr. FOGARTY. No. We have not know unless it has the statistics and State funds expected to be available, the had any testimony on that, because that there will be no statistics available ex StateG indicated a need for over $25,- is something that developed after these cept as the Bureau of Labor Statistics 000,000 of Federal funds. The Bureau hearings were held. We have no con supplies them. This reduction, of course. of the Budget recommended $23,000,000. trol over that last request. The request deprives them of the personnel they have The House committee has reported the of the Bureau of the Budget has gone to have to gather the construction sta Labor-FSA bill with $20,475,000 for vo to the Senate, because they are holding tistics. cational rehabilitation, $125,000 less 4016 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR~HOUSE APRIL 17 than the 1951 appropriation and $2,575,- I am advised by officials from the ·down 1 year, the chances are that the 000 less than recommended by the Bu States that rather serious administrative program may -become seriously handi reau of the Budget. From estimates fur problems also are presented if the Budget capped. nished, the States will have available in Bureau's figure is not appropriated by . I wish to ·say again that I appreciate 1952 two and one-half million more than Congress for 1952. The States are doing the interest of the subcommittee in this in 1951. The increase recommended by their part and are appropriating $2,500,- subject, and as they enter conference I the Bureau was to match this money 000 more funds for 1952. If such funds 'trust that more accurate matching fig for case services and did not include any 'for case services are matched, States get ures will be available from the various increase for salaries, travel, and so forth. ting no increases for 1952 will have Fed ·States to the end that no State will be Mr. Chairman, let me raise the ques eral funds cut. If States receiving no penalized, which I fear if the present tion. Is it wise to stint :unds for voca increase in their own funds are not cut, appropriation is allowed to stand. Fi tional rehabilitation, which reduces de then States with additional State funds ·nally, Mr. Chairman and members of pendency and makes taxpayers out of cannot get them matched by Federal the Committee, I trust the conference tax consumers. In fact, it has been 'funds as required by law. In either case ·committee will come within approxi proven that rehabilitated persons repay the program is going to suffer badly. ' mate matching distance with the vari during an average life expectancy in My own State, North Carolina, has a ous States. Federal income taxes alone 10 times very effective rehabilitation program, The CHAIRMAN. The time of the what is spent on them. ·At this partic both for blind and nonblind; 2,867 handi gentleman from North Carolina has ex ular time it is especially shortsighted to capped persons were rehabilitated last pired. cut back rehabilitation, which, in light year. Our State legislature has just ap· Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I of increased cost, will actually result propriated slightly over $1,000,000 to yield such time as he may desire to the from appropriation of only $20,475,000 carry on this work for the next biennium ·gentleman from West Virginia [Mr. for 1952. an increase of nearly $200,000 over th~ HEDRICK]; In the first place, rehabilitation is a present biennium. If this is not matched defer:se-related activity, making a valu by Federal funds, services are going to ORIGIN OF OUR PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE .able contribution to manpower resources be denied many. worthy, handicapped Mr. HEDRICK. Mr. Chairman, our at a time when the Nation is straining persons. What is true of North Carolina public health service had its beginning in every nerve to provide manpower for is also true of many other States. in 1798, as a program for the hospital military and civilian needs. Sixty thou I am advised that ·every dollar is to and medical care of American Merchant sand persons were rehabilitated into em be used to match funds appropriated by ·Seamen. On display in the office of the ployment last year, and this number can the States for services directly to crippled Surgeon General, Public Health Service be substantially increased with sufficient people. is a facsimile of the original act, signed funds. The difference between the $20,'- The question I would like to address to by President John Adams. Congress 475,000 in the House bill and the $23,- the gentleman from Rhode Island· [Mr. during the past 80 years, has imposed 000,000 recommended by the Bureau of FOGARTY], who has labored so faithfully many additional duties and responsibili the Budget would mean between 5,000 for this program, is if he feels that the ties on the service. Today, the Public to 10,000 more rehabilitations. Federal Government on the reduced ap Health Service is carrying out these ·re Again, vocational rehabilitation re- propriations will be in a position to sponsibilities under the present basic law . duces dependency and is a pressure match dollar for dollar the appropria the Public Health Service Act of July 1' against rising public assistance cost. tions that are going to be put up by vari 1944, Public Law 410, Seventy-eighth This is more important than ever, now ous States as previously indicated? Congress. It also administers the water that a public assistance category for the Mr. FOGARTY. As the gentleman Pollution Control Act, Public Law 845 totally and permanently disabled has knows, I have always been a supporter Eightieth Congress, passed in 1948. ' .been -established by Congress. State .of this particular program. I do not Thus •.the Congress has authorized the welfare administrators admit that per believe there is a better program in the Public Health Service to conduct many sons are being put on public assistance Federal Government because we have programs and provide services which rolls who could be rehabilitated, if State been told year after year that for every contribute to the health of the American rehabilitation agencies had the money dollar we appropriate the Federal Treas people. Some authorizations are broad to do the job. ury receives $10 in return in taxes and in scope, while others are specific. Re The Labor-FSA appropriation bill in in getting people off of the· relief rolls search and investigations, control of cludes $79,000,000 for public assistance and such things. This year they wanted communicable diseases, and cooperation for the totally and permanently disabled an increase of $2,525,000 over what they with the States, are in the broad cate and· only $20,475,000 for rehabilitation. had available in 1951. In view of the gories; specific categories cover medical We do not question the need for public economi(( situation, we have cut practi and hospital care of legal beneficiaries assistance for some of the disabled, but it cally every item in this appropriation foreign and interstate quarantine, med~ does look to us like Congress should see bill. Even though that is one that I did ical examination of aliens, the regulation that rehabilitation programs are given not like to go along with, I went along · of biologic products, control of venereal an opportunity to reduce the number because of the situation in which we diseases and tuberculosis, construction needing such assistance as much as pos .. find ourselves. But the $125,000, about of hospitals and health centers, and the sible. which .the gentleman spoke, was recom control of w.ater pollution. Also, there The average cost of rehabilitating a mended by the Bureau of the Budget. are specific programs of research in the person is $492 and nonrecurring. The That was not something that this com following fields: microbiology-that is average annual cost of public assistance mittee did. We accepted the Bureau's bacteriology--cancer, heart diseases' is much more and goes on year after recommendation on that cut, and that dental diseases, mental illnesses, arth~ year. Congress should decide, and de is the reason it is in there. · ritis, and metabolic diseases, neurologi cide now, whether to appropriate end Mr. DEANE. I ·am grateful to the cal diseases and blindness. Some o"f less millions for pensions for the han.. chairman of the committee for the posi these programs are the direct operations di capped or provide the funds needed to tion he takes. in support of this program. of the Public Health Service, and others rehabilitate them. The following in.. I think we should take a long-range view are combinations of direct operations stances will illustrate the difference in of this whole subject. After all, our ob and grants. In addition, the service also dollars and cents to the taxpayer. One jective should be to prevent these unfor has grant programs. State, Delaware, made a study of 36 per~ tunate people from going on public as:. IMPORTANCE OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE sons removed from the public assistance sistance unnecessarily. We · must con Today, and in the future, the Public rolls by rehabilitation. The 36 were tinue and enlarge this program of re .Health Service is important. In every drawing $i:.0,186 annually from public as habilitation instead of forcing them on respect, the programS of the Public sistance. These people were rehabili.:.. the relief rolls. I trust that as we speed Health Service are concerned with sav tated at a cost, including administration, up the Federal angle of rehabilitation ing the· Nation's manpower, the basic of $12,724. The. first year after rehabili,. w~ will keep in niind what the various objective being to reduce the volume of tation, the 36 earned $60,948. States are trying to do. If we slap them prevell'~able deaths and disabling ill- 1951 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.-.HQUSE 4017 t · ness-the greatest drains upon 9ur HOSPITAL LOCATIONS which can be used is quite extensive. It capacity to produce. Because the iargest groups of benefi ~-. can be spreading typhoid fever by con ASSISTANCE TO STATES AND LOCALITIES IN DISEASE ciaries are seamen of the Merchant Ma :"' taminating our public water supplies, PREVENTION AND CONTROL rine and Coast Guard men, the Marine either at the source or at the reservoir, States and localities are assisted by hospitals are located principally along or by contaminating a public water sup the Public Health Service in the preven the seacoast, the Great Lakes, and the ply at some important point along the Mississippi River. The Public Health line. To illustrate, to attack the Con tion and control of communicable dis Service also operates a tuberculosis hos gress, one might. find a major water eases, and advised on other matters per pital in New Mexico, the national hos · main coming into the Capitol or into taini:qg to the preservation and improve pital for patients with Hansen's disease one of the office buildings, and at that ment of public health. at Carville, La., and two hospitals for point put the material in. if the chlo HOSPITAL BUILDING PROGRAM the treatment and custody of narcotic rine reserve in the water at that point The Public Health Service also pro addicts at Fort Worth, Texas, and Lex were very low, and it would be under vides aid to the States and communities ington, Ky. current practices in the United States, with the national hospital survey and QUARANTINE SERVICES then everybody who had some of that construction program-a vital health Our national laws for the exclusion of water would get some typhoid bacilli and service. The Congress established this epidemic diseases and international san under certain circumstances, might de program in 1946 under the Hill-Burton itary codes, to which country is signa velop typhoid fever. Act, amending the Public Health Service tory, require the maintenance of quar RESEARCH Act of 1944, in recognition of the great antine services at seaports and airports The original research arm of the Pub need throughout the Nation for hospitals of entry, as well as at border stations. lic Health Service was the National In and health centers. Since 1948 almost The control of biologic products in stitutes of Health. It is still the pri 1,5-00 projects have been approved for sures the potency and purity of vaccines, mary research arm in the field of the Federal construction grants, of which 382 serums, and similar medical supplies. biological sciences, and particularly in have been completed. These hospitals The Public Health Service licenses the the field of fundamental research and health centers are integral parts of manufacture and importation of such as contrasted with applied research. the Nation's total health resources-es products. Earliest work of the National Institutes sential to conserving our manpower for VITAL STATISTICS of Health was in the field of bacteriology. industry, farming, and the Armed Forces. The National Office of Vital Statistics This was in the era of bacteriology when These facilities will also greatly of the Public Health Service compiles, there was a national interest, a Federal strengthen our abilities to cope with analyzes, and reports the Nation's fig interest, in diseases which one man atomic or biological warfare as nearly ures on births, deaths, sickness, mar could spread to another. Thoughts of all are located outside probable target riage, and other basic population data. cooperation, thoughts of international areas. )'his national fact-finding activity is cooperation on quarantine, thoughts of NATIONAL EMERGENCY NEEDS most important. As an example, the cooperation between the Federal Gov Department of Defense and the Selective ernment and the States, were the general The national emergency intensifies Service System depend on national vital thought of that time. The program be the necessity for continuation and ex statistics for estimates of the numbers gan largely in that way. There was the· pansion of the activities of the Public of men who will be available in each age thought that there might be some germ Health Service in the field of medical re group for each year. School officials, theory of cancer. Also, there was in-, search, as well as in public health. Re other governmental agencies, and many terest in nutrition and in a few other search accomplishments of the service industries depend on such data for · areas. Congress, then, in 1947, passed have been very beneficial in such times. planning their program. In the event of unanimously the National Cancer Insti As an example, before World Warn, re an enemy attack with biological weap tute Act, believing, apparently, that the search workers at the national institutes pons, whether by sabotage or military cancer problem, then killing 125,000 or of health developed a vaccine to prevent operations, the Nation's ability to com 130,000 people a year, was of sufficient typhus fever. This vaccine was mark bat an introduced disease will depend in importance to warrant a directed large-.1 edly improved during the early days of large part on the readiness of the States scale national attack on it through Fed- the war. Our troops were thus pro and the National Office of Vital Statistics eral action. · tected against typhus fever, and our to act promptly in detecting and report It is a pleasure for me to call to the troops today are protected by the same ing cases and deaths. attention of the Members of the House vaccine. It is not possible to determine PARTICIPATION IN OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS of Representatives the many functions what this contribution will mean to our the Public Health Service renders to our forces in the Korean action. The Public Health Service participates people. I wish to congratulate Dr. 1 A research team of the Public Health in many Federal programs outside the Leonard A. Scheele, Surgeon General,' Service discovered that a solution of Federal Security Agency. It staffs the Public Health Service, for the excellent table salt and baking soda in water, medical and dental program of the work being done by this Service. I be taken by mouth, will prevent shock and Coast Guard and cares for its personnel lieve he deserves a great deal of credit death in a high proportion of patients in Public Health Service hospitals and for the accomplishments of this depart with severe burns and injuries. Use of out-patient clinics. It operates the ment. The appropriation asked for the medical service in the Federal prisons. this simple, readily available method will Public Health Service, $339,36~,000, is, I save thousands of lives that would other The National Security Resources Board believe, very reasonable, and I feel that wise be lost, in the event of enemy attack. and the Federal Civil Defense Adminis it will be money well spent. The com None of us can doubt the value of this tration call upon the Public Health Serv mittee has done an excellent job. There research. ice for . technical service, including the has been full cooperation of all the assignment of specialists and the con members at all times. No dissatisfac In World War I, some of the so-called duct of special studies. Currently, Pub childhood communicable diseases were tion or criticism from any member has lic Health Service personnel are assist materialized during the long meetings of among the major problems in the com ing in at least 40 other Federal activi municable disease field in our Army. this subcommittee. It has been a pleas ties, as full-time or part-time consult ure to serve with the members of the Some of these diseases were not so ser1· ants, or as members of special commit ous in World War II. When you bring Subcommittee on Labor and Federal tees. As an example, there are Public Security of the House Appropriations boys in from the farm, you find many Health Service consultants with the Committee. I hope that there will not who have not been exposed to such dis Atomic Energy Commission and with the be any amendments offered to this bill eases. Mumps is an example of a very Defense Department's Committee on and that no attempt will be made to cut serious disease in adult males, and it can Special Weapons. or increase the appropriation. Due to be almost as se..-ious a disease in the BACTERIAL AND CHEMICAL WARFARE the national emergency all appropria adult female, although not quite as With regard to bacterial and chemical tions should be held down as much as mu~h. warfare, the range of known bacteria possible. • XCVII-253 4018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--HOUSE APRIL 17 Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman; I In the extension of his remarks, he eral Power Commission; that the utilities have no further requests for time. states that the people of·Ontario are the can make no improvements or extension The CHAIRMAN. If there a.re no fur most conservative people in America; of service without the consent and ap ther requests for time, the Clerk will that they have a fine public power sys .. proval of these commissions; and that read. tern; and that the people in this country it is the duty and obligation of the State The Clerk read down to and including would save $2,000,000,000 a year on utility commissions anc.l the Federal page 1, line 7. their light and power bills if we would Power Commission to carefully investi Mr. FOGARTY. Mr. Chairman, I adopt the principles and philosophies of gate, scrutinize, and regulate all books, move that the Committee do now rise. Ontario. Of course, the $2,000,000,000 accounts, and activities of these utilities. figure was grabbed out of the air with The gentleman does not kno-w any The motion was agreed to. no basis for same other than his own more than I do-and I know nothing · Accordingly the Committee rose; and word of mouth. He could have more ac about the cost of producing electricity. Mr. HAYS of Arkansas having assumed curately stated that the people of On He states in the extension of his· remarks the chair as Speaker pro tempore, Mr. tario are subjects of Canada and make that his table of figures concerning the PRICE, Chairman of the Committee of the up a portion of the socialistic British alleged cost of electricity and over Whole House on the State of the Union, Empire. · charges to the consuming public is com reported that that Committee, having I would be happy for the gentleman to piled by the finest experts in America had under consideration the bill H. R. compare the general welfare, educa- and is thoroughly reliable. You and I 3709, had come to no resolution thereon. . tional opportunitie·s, economic stability, do not know those experts or their quali TIME OF JOINT MEETING ON ~HURSDAY and domestic progress of the people of fications, Mr. Speaker. He never names Ontario or any other portion of the them-their identity is a secret. Those : Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I socialistic British Empire with that of experts must be pretty old by now be ask unanimous consent to proceed for the citizenship in any section of the cause all of us have been seeing the 1 minute. United States. same antiquated table with the same '! The SPEAKER pro tempore ELECTRIC POWER OPERATIONS tLorized, regulated, and operated as REA CO•OPS SHOULD MAINTAIN THEIR FREEDOM The gentleman from Mississippi does monopolies; while the stock companies The rural electric cooperatives within not define, make known, designate, or operate on private capital, and private the State of Ar::.tansas are producing distinguish between the systems of elec or Government loans, the cooperatives electricity and buying it wholesale from tric power operations; but arbitrarily and operate on Government loans. The private power companies and federally emphatically states that all of the power stock company is allowed a 6 percent net owned hydroelectric power dams just as business is a public business. Well, that profit, and the cooperative is allowed no cheap as the rural electric cooperatives is true under the governing principles of profit until after the loari is repaid to - in TV A land who are patrons of the Great Britain and her Dominions and the Government, and the cooperative Federal Government. And, I might add, possessions, such as Ontario, which the nonprofiteering features are abandoned. the Arkansas co-ops run their own busi gentleman cites as a criterion for public After repaying the Government loan, the ness and are free from Federal Agency ownership, and the abolition of free en cooperative can either assume the tax dictatorship. However, I will admit that terprise and individual initiative. The responsibilities of a stock company and the nontaxpaying Federal Government, electric power business is conducted by pay dividends to stockholders, or it can with no accountability for justifiable four distinct systems of operations: pass on the savings to the cooperative earnings to stockholders and which is First. Privately. owned and operated membership by reducing the cost of elec subsidized for all operational losses, can electric systems, such as stock compa tricity. produce electricity cheaper than private nies and farmer-owned rural coopera REA CO-OPS ARE NOT FEDERALLY CONTROLLED electric power companies or the rural tives; The gentleman from Mississippi in the electric cooperatives. Second. Locally owned and operated extension of his remarks gives full The rural electric cooperatives are au public power, such as municipal opera credit to the public-power program for thorized to buy their electricity from tions; the success of rural electrification. He federally owned hydroelectric power Third. Federal hydroelectric power knows that the Federal Government does producing projects or from private enter projects for the production of electricity not own, control, or dominate the rural prise as they please, and certainly these from the public waters to be transmitted electric cooperatives. However, he indi same cooperatives are authorized to pro and distributed by private and local cates his desire for such-he emphati duce their own electricity from steam public agencies; and cally says that all power business is a power generating plants or any other Fourth. Federal power projects for the_ public business-and I will admit that source, just as the private electric power production of electricity and the dis there are others desirous of selling the companies; but there is no reason in the tribution thereof by the Government to little rural electric cooperatives down the world to turn them over to the Federal the consuming public in competition with river to the Federal Government for the Government merely because they owe and the abolition of private and local token sum of $10 and a mess of pottage, the Federal Government some money public power agencies. removing the grassroots controls by the which they are repaying upon schedule. The first three systems of operations· local farmers of this great convenience SOME WOULD FEDERALIZE AND SOCIALIZE REA as hereinabove outlined are legitimate and necessity and turning the controls COOPERATIVES under our democratic principles, and over to the Federal Government lock, Yes, all electric industry must neces only those with selfish motives would stock, and barrel. sarily be authorized, regulated and op contend otherwise; but every farmer and The rural elect1~ic cooperatives were erated as a monopoly. This is true of laborer, professional and businessman brought about by the rural people merely publicly owned and locally controlled in fact, every citizen of this Republic joining together in various localities of electric power, rural electric coopera should vigorously oppose the four th sys our country, in a true American spirit, tives, private power, and federally owned tem of operation, which will lead to the for the purpose of bringing to their re and dominated electric power. The socialization of the entire electric busi spective communities a necessity and statement by the gentleman from Mis ness and provide a precedent for the na convenience to which they were and are sissippi merely serves to substantiate my tionalization of our entire economy and entitled, and which existing private contention, and to refute any assertions the Federal regimentation of our people. power companies would not or could not to the contrary, that he advocates Fed REA CO-OPS ARE PRIVATELY OWNED, MANAGED, · serve. These democratic groups who eral ownership of all rural electric coop AND OPERATED own and operate their own electric sys eratives. He is to be admired for his The gentleman from Mississippi cites tems are just as free and independent frankness to admit that which others the successful operations and· meritori if not more so-as the stockholders in who feel just exactly as he does are afraid ous activities of the splendid rural elec any other corporation dealing in private to admit. He plainly says that the power trification cooperatives as a criterion for enterprise under our system of govern ·business is a public business; that elec Federal power projects for the produc ment. Private banking institutions tricity has become a necessity of our tion of electricity and the distribution either could not or would not make the modern life; that it must be handled by thereof by the Government to the con necessary long-term loans at a sufficient a monopoly; and that any monopoly of suming public in competition with and ly lcw rate of interest with which elec a necessity is a public business. the abolition of private and local public tricity could be brought to the sparsely I have been contending ever since I power agencies. He pictures the rural settled rural sections, which accounts became a Member of this Congress that electric cooperatives as public-power for the reason that these groups of the Department of the Interior through projects while with brazen modesty people, associated in a cooperative man its various agencies, such as the South claims full credit for the rural electri ner, borrowed the necessary money from western Power Administration in our fication program; in fact, he says that the Federal Government for this pur area, were conniving with others to take all power is a public business. No doubt pose. The Federal Government has no over the rural-electrification program, the program was not authorized and more strings upon the rural electric co remove the administration of its func set up as he intended, but the rural operatives than the RFC has upon any tions by the farmers from the grassroots electric cooperatives are privately owned, business to which it has made a loan. level, and turn it over to the Federal managed, and operated at the grass The rural electrification program has Government lock, stock, and barrel. The roots level by the local farmers, and· been- successful because it has been gentleman from Mississippi is the first to are principally distinguished from pri owned, controlled, and administered at admit that these cooperatives owned, vate utility stock companies by virtue the grassroots level by the farmers of controlled, and operated by the farmers this country, and we should not adopt should be owned, controlled, and oper of the different sources of operating ated by all the pubJic..:.._not the local money and the authority to make prof-· the principles, philosophies, and theories farmers-but the Federal Government. its. Both the stock companies and the of the gentleman from Mississippi, which Now, if a few more of the planners will rural electric co-ops pay taxes on phys would nationalize and federalize the come forth with their intentions, the ical assets. In addition to these taxes rural electrification program and allow farmers will become advised in time to the stock companies pay taxes on power it to be administered by the dictatorial prevent this catastrophe. generated, and the stockholders pay on Department of the Interior out of Neither private enterprise nor the dividends as an income. Both are au- Washington. Government can economically produce 40~0 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 17 electricity solely from public water proj has stated that in his opinion the Fed I do not know just what all could be ects. There must be an integration of eral Government is authorized to dis considered a monopoly of a necessity of such electricity with that from other tribute electricity to the consuming pub our modern life. I believe that news sources, such as steam power generating lic, if the consumer uses wholesale quan papers...are a necessity, but perhaps they plants. You will recall that TV A found tities. That is the beginning of the na create their own monopolies for certain it necessary to construct steam power tionalization and socialization of the areas. Certainly, the radio and tele generating plants just as ·every other electric industry; and as the gentleman vision networks are authorized and reg successful producer of electricity has from Mississippi states, all pawer will ulated as monopolies. All banks are found it economically feasible. I might then be a public business. authorized and regulated as monopolies. tell the gentleman that there is no su THERE IS CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCE IN LOCALLY The public transportation, whether by preme Court decision holding that steam OWNED AND MAN AGED PUBLIC POWER SYSTEMS water, land or air, is authorized and power electric generating plants are the AND FEDERALLY OWNED, CONTROLLED, AND regulated as a monopoly; and I doubt province of the Federal Government. In DOMINATED INDUSTRY that any one would contend that such fact, without congressional authoriza Of course, the water power of the Na transportation is not a necessity. All tion the Federal Government and .its tion belongs to the public; I have never communication systems in the country agencies are not authorized to produce heard anyone contend to the contrary. are authorized and :regulated as a mo electricity from any source other than This publicly owned power under our nopoly and, certainly, the communica public waters. It took congressional au system of government should be sold to tion systems are a necessity of our mod thorization for the TV A steam power local public and private distribution ern life. plants to be established. agencies at wholesale rates for transmis Howev~r. for instance, steel and many The Southwestern Power Administra sion to the consuming public at the other necessary commodities may not be tion, an agency of the Department of cheapest possible rate. The production actually authorized and regulated as a the Interior, has been before this Con of hydroelectric power in connection monopoly, but we all know that in truth gress for authorization to construct with the development of :flood-control and in fact they are monopolies of neces steam power electric generating facili projects has prevented these projects sity. There is little question but that ties. This Congress very wisely advised from becoming a burden upon the tax General Motors actually has a monopoly the Southwestern Power Administration payers; and, at the same time, making on the automobile industry, which pro in no uncertain terms that it would not possible development of power resources duces a necessity for our modern life. tolerate the Federal Government con so essential to our democratic progress. Fictitious competition is provided within structing such facilities for the purpose The public, through our Government, the organization, and General Motors of entering into a competition with and should develop hydroelectric power upon could put out of business every other for the abolition of private electric our waterways for the use and benefit of automobile company in the United stock companies, private rural electric our consuming public, but there is no States overnight. cooperatives, and locally owned and op earthly reason why the Government We could go on for days determining erated public power. The SPA then en should nationalize the entire electric in what is a monopoly and what is a neces tered into a connivance with the execu dustry in order to accomplish this pur sity, but it will sumce to state that the tive manager of the National Rural Elec pose. gentleman from Mississippi can only tric Cooperative Association and others There is a lot of difference in local consistently argue that the entire trans whereby the SPA entered into contracts community public electric power sys portation and communication systems, with groups of rural electric coopera tems, owned and controlled at the grass all radio and television stations, even the tives, known as supercooperatives, pro roots level by the local involved people, taxis within the city of Washington, all viding for each supercooperative to bor than a federally owned, controlled, and banking institutions, and the many other row money from the Rural Electrifica dominated industry to be administered monopolies of necessity for our modern tion Administration, here in Washing in Washington, amounting to nothing life should be owned, controlled, and op ton, with which to construct steam less than dictatorship over a vital ne erated by the Federal Government. power electric generating plants in the cessity affecting every segment of our That is the same argument made by name of the supercooperatives, but for people. every socialistic and communistic coun the sole use and benefit of the South Locally owned and controlled public try on the face of the globe. western Power Administration, an agen electric power systems, when economi GOVERNMENT MONOPOLmS WILL REGIMENT OUR cy of the Federal Government. cally feasible, are justifiable assets for PEOPLE These contracts pave the way for the the involved locality; but I do not believe ·nationalization and federalization ,of the in the Federal Government owning any All of us are prone to frown upon mo involved rural electric cooperatives, thing that private enterprise can and nopolies and, for that reason, we insist thereby abolishing the local grassroots will afford our people. upon strict controls and regulations gov management for administration and dic erning every monopoly; but I would tation out of Washington by the Federal STUPIDITY OF FEDERAL OWNERSHIP CONTENTIONS rather see necessary monopolies care Government. The SPA is not authorized The gentleman from Mississippi has fully controlled and regulated-even to by Congress to own these generating for many years attempted to justify the the amount of profits to be made-by the plants; therefore, the fee simple title right of the Federal Government to dis involved municipalities, State and Fed remains in the involved rural electric co tribute electricity to the consumers upon eral Governments, than to see an operatives, but the cooperatives have no the theory that electricity is a necessity octopus-like monopoly, Nation-wide in control over these generating plants. of our mo.den life and, therefore, should scope-a Federal mQnopoly-to be solely For a period of · 40 years they cannot be publicly operated. That is also the controlled by the monopoly itself, the move, sell, dispose of, or discontinue philosophy of the. British Emp~re and its Federal Government. operation of the plants without the con dominions and possessions, such as On Were the farmers willing to be regi sent of the Southwestern Power Admin tario. I don't know of any greater ne mented by the Federal Government, istration. Many times more electricity cessities than food, clothing and shelter. there would not be so much contro will be produced at these generating I doubt that even the gentleman from versy over the Brannan farm plan as to plants than is required by the involved Mississippi would put electricity ahead whether or not the plan would rob them cooperatives. That surplus electricity is of these necessities; therefore, I presume of any of their freedom. Labor in this to be used by the Federal Government to it would only be consistent for him to country does not want to become poli compete with.and abolish private electric argue for federally owned, controlled, ticians, to lose and gain jobs at the turn stock companies, private rural electric and operated farms, textile mills, grocery of elections, but rather they want to cooperatives, and locally owned and op and clothing stores, and homes for remain free to bargain with their em erated public power. Even the cost of everybody. ployers and use their constitutional constructing and operating the plants is Now, he vigorously contends by the rights to force more equitable wages and to be repaid by the Southwestern Power extension of his remarks that any mo better living and working conditions Administration. nopoly of a necessity is a public busi from their employers. Business realizes Mr. Douglas Wright, administrator of ness and should be owned and operated its inability to compete with the Federal the Southwestern Power Administration, by the Federal Government. Government in any undertaking, No 1951 CONGRESSIONAL . RECORD-HOUSE 4021 segment of our people wants to be regi President for placing the welfare Of our Some have felt that with his removal mented by the Federal Government. Nation ahead of political expediency, by we should not now have as large and Every farmer, laborer, professional, ·clearly and firmly upholding the consti strong a national military defense. Due and businessman in this country fully tutional provision of civilian supremacy to his removal we should be strong be realizes that ~reedom from Government in this field. The recent decision of the cause if the country should go isolation· regimentation, to worship as he pleases, President was not easy to reach, and it ist, as some believe it will, we need great to conduct his personal and business ac required exceptional courage. er strength in our own country than ever tivities in accordance with his own SPECIAL ORDER before due to the fact we would have no conscientious dictates-not detrimental E.llies with us but Chiang Kai-shek, and to others-have encouraged individual The SPEAKER. Under the previous Russia might well sweep through West initiative to such an extent that every order of the House, the gentlewoman ern Europe. man, woman, and child can visualize the from Massachusetts [Mrs. ROGERS] is People have felt, and do feel today, possibility of having something more recognized for 5 minutes. that the removal of General MacArthur tomorrow than he or she enjoyed today; GEN. DOUG~AS MACARTHUR would give great relief and pleasure to all of which accounts for this being the Mrs. ROGERS of Massachusetts. Mr. Soviet Russia. It is undoubtedly true greatest country on the face of this Speaker, this morning I tried to reach that is the case because we see that in earth. the Governor of the Commonwealth of the comments of rejoicing that have Our free people entered World Wars been made by Russia. I and II unprepared, facing as ad Massachusetts by telephone suggesting to and asking him if he would extend an Unfortunately, we see the same trend versaries countries of regimented peo so far as our allies England and France ple who had been preparing for decades invitation to General MacArthur to visit Boston and our State to talk to the and other countries are concerned. They under the goose-step military doctrines seem delighted that General MacArthur and socialistic philosophies to take over people of Massachusetts. Massachu setts has made the greatest and most has been removed and have so st.ated. the world. The correlated production Everyone in the Congress of the United of our free people was sufficient to over persistent fight against communism of any State in the Union. I realize you States knows what England has been night surpass the concerted preparations doing to us. England has been our ally of those regimented peoples who knew all know that in Massachusetts at Lex ington and Concord on the 19th of April, in a number of instances and we have nothing but public ownership ·and Gov trusted her. But all this time she has ernment domination. 1775, the first blow for freedom in America was struck. The struggle was believed in appeasing Communist Rus No, sir, our farmers, our laborers, our sia, while all of this time we have been professional and businessmen will not to have power to rule ourselves and not be under the yoke of the English, under :fighting for freedom and our men have go for these socialistic ideas, as advanced been killed and wounded. During all by the gentleman from Mississippi. the yoke of another country. Every of body who has ever come to America has this time England has been transship GOLD MEDAL PROPOSED FOR GENERAL com~ for freedom. ping materiel and munitions of war MACARTHUR I found when I was at home on yes given to them under the United States Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I ask terday as well as from many telegrams Marshall plan to Red China. Tl.. ese mu unanimous consent to address the House and telephone messages that I have re nitions of war and materiel of war have for 1 minute and to revise and extend my ceived here that the people of my State been used to kill and maim our boys. It remarks. are tremendously aroused by the Presi is much more than an impertinence, it is The SPEAKER. Is there objection to dent's removal of General MacArthur. treachery on the part of England to the request of the gentleman from Wis They are furiously angry. They feel side against MacArthur, when England consin? that General MacArthur has done a has only sent a token of men, some 800, There was no objection. magnificent job in helping bring Japan to fight, while we have been supplying Mr. ZABLOCKI. Mr. Speaker, I have back to a normal life, and a:;,.>pa;rently thousands of our boys. . today introduced a bill which would re he has succeeded so well that it is now Mr. Speaker, it is time that England quest and authorize the President of the recommended that Japan be brought and some of the other United Nations United States to cause a gold medal to back and given full recognition.. Under countries wake up and really act as our be struck with suitable emblems, devices, General MacArthur, she has tried very allies. England is again treating us and inscriptions, to be presented to Gen. hard and has succeeded in rehabilitating badly. Douglas MacArthur, General of the herself. General MacArthur is greatly SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED Army, in recognition of his outstanding respected and greatly beloved. Now, Mr. MEADER asked and was given military leadership, heroic achieve Japan does not know what will happen permission to address the House for 30 ments, and great military victories; and to her-whether or not eventually she minutes on Thursday next, following the for his gallant and unselfish devotion to will be brought under Russian domina legislative program and any special or the service of his country and the cause tion. ders heretofore entered. of world freedom, as commander in chief My people have felt that General ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED of the Southwest Pacific theater, com MacArthur was the last bulwark in the mander in chief of the Far East Com Pacific against communism. They have Mr. STANLEY, from the Committee on mand, Supreme Commander for the also been of the opinion that if allowed House Administration, reported that Allied Powers, and commander in chief to continue he would eventually beat that committee had examined and found of the United Nations Command, during ·communism in the Pacific. I have talked truly enrolled a bill of the House of the and subsequent to World War II, and with a great many of our disabled Ko following title, which was thereupon during the Korean War. I have taken rean men and soldiers and everyone of signed by the Speaker: this action because I believe that the them stated that he felt the removal of H. R. 7. An act to authorize the payment illustrious military career of General General MacArthur was a tragedy, a by the . ldministrator of Veterans' Affairs of MacArthur and his distinguished service tremendously able general and one they a gratuitous indemnity to survivors of mem to his country have.earned him the deep..; had confidence in and that it might well bers of the Armed Forces who die in active est gratitude of the people of this Nation, mean a far-reaching world war IIi. service, and for other purposes. and warrant special recognition, com Mr. Speaker, I hope that the sacrifice EXTENSION OF REMARKS mendation, and appreciation for his 47 and great tragedy that has just taken Mr. LANE asked and was given per years of military service .. place will not be in vain. General Mac This action on my part does not in Arthur has always wanted this country mission to extend his remarks in three any manner detract from, or conflict to be strong. He has always advocated instances and include extraneous with, my agreement with and approval that. When he was Chief of Staff I re matter. of the recent action of the President of member that he was of great help in the Mr. GREEN asked and was given per the United States, reasserting the de building up of Camp Devens in my dis ir.ission to extend his remarks and in markation of authority in the field of trict, today one of the finest posts in the clude an article appearing in Fortnight policy making. I sincerely commend the country. magazine, April 2, 1951. • 4022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE APRIL 17 Mr. YORTY asked and was given per Mr. BOW asked and was given permis amendment (Rept. No. 328). Referred to the sion to extend his remarks and include House Calendar. mission to extend his remarks in nine Mr. LYLE: Committee on Rules. House instances and include extraneous matter. an essay by Leo Collins, of Alliance, Ohio. Resolution 199. Resolution for consideration Mr. GRANGER asked and was given Mr. STEFAN asked and was given per of H. R. 3464, a bill to authorize the Secre permission to extend his remarks and mission to extend his remarks and in tary of the Navy to proceed with ·the con include an editorial. clude report of an official inspection trip struction of certain naval installations, and Mr. FEIGHAN asked and was given of F. A. Delgado in the dif!erent Prov for other purposes; without amendment permission to extend his remarks in two inces of the Philippines. (Rept. No. 329). Referred to the House instances and include an article in each Mr. VURSELL asked and was given Calendar. instance. permission to extend his remarks. Mr. FOGARTY asked and was given Mr. McGREGOR asked and was PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS permission to extend his remarks in two given permission to extend his remarks Under clause 3 of rule XXII, public instances and include letters. and to include two articles. bills and resolutions were introduced and Mr. DOYLE asked and was given per severally referred as follows: Mr. BOLLING asked and was given mission to revise and extend his remarks permission to extend his remarks in and include a telegram. By Mr. BURNSIDE: three instances and include extraneous H. R. 3740. A bill to authorize the erection Mr. VORYS asked and W9.S given per of a Federal office building in Huntington, matter in each instance. mission to extend his remarks and in Mr. NICHOLSON asked and was given W. Va.; to the Committee on Public Works. clude an essay by Sue Rowe. By Mr. DEMPSEY: permission to extend his remarks and Mr. VAN ZANDT Cat the request of H. R. 3741. A b111 to provide percentage de ir...sert an editorial from the Bedford Mr. SCHWABE) was given permission to pletion in the case of pumice and scoria; to Standard Times. extend his remarks and include extra the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. MILLER of Maryland asked and neous matter. By Mr. REES of Kansas: was given permission to extend his re Mr. McGUIRE