Table of Contents
Foreword...... x
Preface...... xii
Acknowledgment...... xvii Chapter 1 Teaching and Learning in the Networked Society...... 1 INTRODUCTION...... 1 NETWORKED SOCIETY...... 3 INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE: TEACHING, LEARNING, AND DEVELOPMENT...... 9 THE “HOMO ZAPPIENS” GENERATION...... 15
Chapter 2 Network Learning Culture and the Emerging Paradigm...... 28 INTRODUCTION...... 28 EMERGING PARADIGM: REFLECTIONS ABOUT REALITY...... 29 SYSTEMIC THINKING AND COMPLEXITY: THE EMERGING PARADIGM...... 31 EPISTEMOLOGICAL CONCEPTIONS...... 35 THE CULTURE OF NETWORK LEARNING...... 42 CONCLUSION...... 44
Chapter 3 The Metaverse: 3D Digital Virtual Worlds...... 48 INTRODUCTION...... 48 METAVERSE TECHNOLOGY AND THE NATURE OF 3D DIGITAL VIRTUAL WORLDS...... 49 SECOND LIFE METAVERSE...... 63 OPEN SOURCE METAVERSES...... 70 METAVERSES ON MOBILE DEVICES: POTENTIALS FOR MOBILE LEARNING...... 72 CONCLUSION...... 74 Chapter 4 Avatar: Building a “Digital Virtual Self”...... 82 INTRODUCTION...... 82 AVATAR: A TECHNOLOGICIZED BODY...... 86 THE CONSTRUCTION OF A DIGITAL VIRTUAL IDENTITY...... 92 AVATAR: THE REPRESENTATION/ACTION OF THE “DIGITAL VIRTUAL SELF” THROUGH THE TECHNOLOGICIZED BODY...... 94 CONCLUSION...... 97
Chapter 5 Immersion, Telepresence, and Digital Virtual Presence in Metaverses...... 102 INTRODUCTION...... 102 PRESENCE AND PROXIMITY...... 103 RELATIONAL PRESENCE AND SOCIAL PRESENCE...... 105 TELEPRESENCE AND DIGITAL VIRTUAL PRESENCE...... 107 IMMERSION AND TELE-IMMERSION...... 114 CONCLUSION...... 122
Chapter 6 Interaction and Interactivity in Metaverse...... 127 INTRODUCTION...... 127 CONCEPTUALIZING INTERACTION AND INTERACTIVITY...... 128 MUTUAL INTERACTION AND REACTIVE INTERACTION...... 133 TYPES OF INTERACTION...... 135 LANGUAGES AND INTERACTION/INTERACTIVITY FORMS IN METAVERSE...... 136 CONCLUSION...... 140
Chapter 7 Autopoietic Machines and Alopoietic Machines: The Structural Coupling...... 145 INTRODUCTION...... 145 AUTOPOIETIC MACHINES: HUMAN BEINGS...... 147 ALOPOIETIC MACHINES: THE NATURE OF THE METAVERSE...... 150 STRUCTURAL COUPLING...... 151 LANGUAGE: MODE OF SPEECH AND EMOTION...... 156 CONCLUSION...... 159
Chapter 8 Cognition and Socio-Cognition in Metaverse...... 164 INTRODUCTION...... 164 HUMAN CONGNITION...... 165 PERCEPTION AND REPRESENTATION...... 169 DOING, UNDERSTANDING, AND AWARENESS IN METAVERSE...... 172 COLLABORATION AND COOPERATION...... 175 CONCLUSION...... 178 Chapter 9 Online Education in Metaverse: Novelty or Innovation?...... 183 INTRODUCTION...... 183 LEARNING CONTEXTS IN METAVERSE...... 187 METHODOLOGIES IN METAVERSE...... 190 PEDAGOGICAL INTERVENTION IN METAVERSE...... 201 NOVELTY OR INNOVATION?...... 202 CONCLUSION...... 210
Chapter 10 Digital Virtual Communities in Metaverse...... 215 INTRODUCTION...... 215 COMMUNITIES: HISTORICAL AND CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS AND CHARACTERISTICS...... 216 DIGITAL VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES...... 218 DIGITAL VIRTUAL LEARNING COMMUNITIES...... 220 DIGITAL VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE...... 223 DIGITAL VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES OF LEARNING AND PRACTICE...... 225 DIGITAL VIRTUAL COMMUNITIES OF LEARNING AND PRACTICE IN METAVERSES...... 227 CONCLUSION...... 231
Chapter 11 The Real Virtuality of Metaverses...... 236 INTRODUCTION...... 236 VIRTUALITY AND REALITY: VIRTUAL REALITY EXPERIENCES AND REAL VIRTUALITY EXPERIENCES IN IMMERSIVE LEARNING...... 237 THE SIMULTANEITY OF WORLDS: SPACES OF DIGITAL VIRTUAL ASSOCIATION, SPACES OF ASSOCIATION, AND MULTIMODAL HYBRIDS...... 245 THE CULTURE OF REAL VIRTUALITY...... 247 CONCLUSION...... 249
Chapter 12 Digital Virtual Sharing Spaces...... 254 INTRODUCTION...... 254 DIGITAL VIRTUAL LIFE?...... 258 DIGITAL VIRTUAL SPACES OF SHARING AND/OR A SHARING OF A DIGITAL VIRTUAL NATURE...... 260 CONFIGURING THE DIGITAL VIRTUAL SHARING SPACE: SOCIETY NETWORKING IN THE ERA OF AVATARS...... 268 CONCLUSION...... 274
Chapter 13 Digital Virtual Culture in Metaverse: The Metaculture?...... 278 INTRODUCTION...... 278 DIGITAL VIRTUAL CULTURE...... 282 DIGITAL VIRTUAL CULTURE IN METAVERSE...... 287 CONCLUSION: METACULTURE FORMATION IN VIRTUAL DIGITAL COEXISTENCE IN METAVERSE.....290 Chapter 14 Nomadic Hybridism...... 294 INTRODUCTION...... 294 SPACE OF FLOW, NOMADISM, AND INTERCULTURALISM...... 297 DIGITAL VIRTUAL NOMADISM OR METANOMADISM...... 300 CONCLUSION...... 305
Chapter 15 Brazilian Experiences in Metaverse...... 309 INTRODUCTION...... 309 AWSINOS: A WORLD OF LEARNING...... 310 UNISINOS ISLAND...... 317 RICESU ISLAND...... 329 CONCLUSION...... 333
Compilation of References...... 341
About the Authors...... 352
Index...... 354