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Energy and Environmental Implications of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in China
Energies 2013, 6, 2663-2685; doi:10.3390/en6052663 OPEN ACCESS energies ISSN 1996-1073 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies Article Energy and Environmental Implications of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles in China Jianlei Lang 1, Shuiyuan Cheng 1,*, Ying Zhou 1, Beibei Zhao 1, Haiyan Wang 1 and Shujing Zhang 2 1 College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (B.Z.); [email protected] (H.W.) 2 Beijing Municipal Institute of Labour Protection, Beijing 100054 China; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-6739-1656; Fax: +86-10-6739-1983. Received: 14 December 2012; in revised form: 4 April 2013 / Accepted: 12 April 2013 / Published: 22 May 2013 Abstract: The promotion of hybrid and electric vehicles (EVs) has been proposed as one promising solution for reducing transport energy consumption and mitigating vehicular emissions in China. In this study, the energy and environmental impacts of hybrid and EVs during 2010–2020 were evaluated through an energy conversion analysis and a life cycle assessment (LCA), and the per-kilometer energy consumptions of gasoline, coal, natural gas (NG), oil, biomass, garbage and electricity for EVs and HEVs were estimated. Results show that the EVs and HEVs can reduce the energy consumption of vehicles by national average ratios of 17%–19% and 30%–33%, respectively. The study also calculated the detailed emission factors of SO2, NOX, VOC, CO, NH3, PM10, PM2.5, OC, EC, CO2, N2O, CH4, Pb and Hg. -
Energy in China: Coping with Increasing Demand
FOI-R--1435--SE November 2004 FOI ISSN 1650-1942 SWEDISH DEFENCE RESEARCH AGENCY User report Kristina Sandklef Energy in China: Coping with increasing demand Defence Analysis SE-172 90 Stockholm FOI-R--1435--SE November 2004 ISSN 1650-1942 User report Kristina Sandklef Energy in China: Coping with increasing demand Defence Analysis SE-172 90 Stockholm SWEDISH DEFENCE RESEARCH AGENCY FOI-R--1435--SE Defence Analysis November 2004 SE-172 90 Stockholm ISSN 1650-1942 User report Kristina Sandklef Energy in China: Coping with increasing demand Issuing organization Report number, ISRN Report type FOI – Swedish Defence Research Agency FOI-R--1435--SE User report Defence Analysis Research area code SE-172 90 Stockholm 1. Security, safety and vulnerability Month year Project no. November 2004 A 1104 Sub area code 11 Policy Support to the Government (Defence) Sub area code 2 Author/s (editor/s) Project manager Kristina Sandklef Ingolf Kiesow Approved by Maria Hedvall Sponsoring agency Department of Defense Scientifically and technically responsible Report title Energy in China: Coping with increasing demand Abstract (not more than 200 words) Sustaining the increasing energy consumption is crucial to future economic growth in China. This report focuses on the current and future situation of energy production and consumption in China and how China is coping with its increasing domestic energy demand. Today, coal is the most important energy resource, followed by oil and hydropower. Most energy resources are located in the inland, whereas the main demand for energy is in the coastal areas, which makes transportation and transmission of energy vital. The industrial sector is the main driver of the energy consumption in China, but the transport sector and the residential sector will increase their share of consumption by 2020. -
The Evolution of Mathematics in Ancient China: from the Newly Discovered Shu and Suan Shu Shu Bamboo Texts to the Nine Chapters
The Evolution of Mathematics in Ancient China: From the Newly Discovered Shu and Suan shu shu Bamboo Texts to the Nine Chapters on the Art of Mathematics*,† by Joseph W. Dauben‡ The history of ancient Chinese mathematics and texts currently being conserved and studied at its applications has been greatly stimulated in Tsinghua University and Peking University in Beijing, the past few decades by remarkable archaeological the Yuelu Academy in Changsha, and the Hubei discoveries of texts from the pre-Qin and later Museum in Wuhan, it is possible to shed new light periods that for the first time make it possible to on the history of early mathematical thought and its study in detail mathematical material from the time applications in ancient China. Also discussed here are at which it was written. By examining the recent developments of new techniques and justifications Warring States, Qin, and Han bamboo mathematical given for the problems that were a significant part of the growing mathematical corpus, and which * © 2014 Joseph W. Dauben. Used with permission. eventually culminated in the comprehensive Nine † This article is based on a lecture presented in September of 2012 at the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies at Har- Chapters on the Art of Mathematics. vard University, which was based on a lecture first given at National Taiwan Tsinghua University (Hsinchu, Taiwan) in the Spring of 2012. I am grateful to Thomas Lee of National Chiaotung University of Taiwan where I spent the academic Contents year 2012 as Visiting Research Professor at Chiaota’s Insti- tute for Humanities and Social Sciences, which provided sup- 1 Recent Archaeological Excavations: The Shu port for much of the research reported here, and to Shuchun and Suan shu shu ................ -
Armed Communities and Military Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936) Maddalena Barenghi Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
e-ISSN 2385-3042 Annali di Ca’ Foscari. Serie orientale Vol. 57 – Giugno 2021 North of Dai: Armed Communities and Military Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936) Maddalena Barenghi Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia Abstract This article discusses various aspects of the formation of the Shatuo as a complex constitutional process from armed mercenary community to state found- ers in the waning years of Tang rule and the early tenth century period (880-936). The work focuses on the territorial, economic, and military aspects of the process, such as the strategies to secure control over resources and the constitution of elite privileges through symbolic kinship ties. Even as the region north of the Yanmen Pass (Daibei) remained an important pool of recruits for the Shatuo well into the tenth century, the Shatuo leaders struggled to secure control of their core manpower, progressively moving away from their military base of support, or losing it to their competitors. Keywords Shatuo. Tang-Song transition. Frontier clients. Daibei. Khitan-led Liao. Summary 1 Introduction. – 2 Geography of the Borderland and Migrant Forces. – 3 Feeding the Troops: Authority and the Control of Military Resources. – 4 Li Keyong’s Client Army: Daibei in the Aftermath of the Datong Military Insurrection (883-936). – 5 Concluding Remarks. Peer review Submitted 2021-01-14 Edizioni Accepted 2021-04-22 Ca’Foscari Published 2021-06-30 Open access © 2021 | cb Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License Citation Barenghi, M. (2021). “North of Dai: Armed Communities and Mili- tary Resources in Late Medieval China (880-936)”. Annali di Ca’ Foscari. -
Hawai'i Reader In
Traditional Chinese Culture Edited by Victor H. Mair Nancy S. Steinhardt and Paul R. Goldin University of Hawai'i Press Honolulu 34 | Cao Pi, "A Discourse on Literature" CAO PI (187-226) was the second son of the formidable military dictator Cao Cao (155-220), whose story is told in Romance of the Three Kingdoms fSanguoyanyi'), and the elder brother of the poet Cao Zhi (192-232). He ended the puppet rule of the last Eastern Han emperor and founded the Wei dynasty in 220; thus he is also known as Emperor Wen of the Wei. Like his father and brother, Cao Pi was an accomplished writer and poet. His "Discourse on Literature" (Lun wen) survives from a critical work entided A Treatise on the Classics (Dianlun), of which only some frag- ments are extant. One of the most notable things about this essay is Cao Pi's use of the notion of qi, breath or vital force, as a concept of literary criticism that has had an immense influence on classical Chinese literary thought. "A Discourse on Literature" is itself a beautiful literary composition. It is particularly touch- ing because we see in it a writer who was secretly anxious and insecure about the value of his work and the uncertain possibility of immortal fame. A great deal of the first part of the essay is devoted to the reasoning that one's literary talent is an inherent quality that cannot be learned or obtained by hard efforts (li qiang); in the second part of the essay, he claims that a person may achieve literary immortality by exerting himself (qiang li). -
Annual Report 2018
CHONGQING MACHINERY & ELECTRIC CO., LTD. CHONGQING MACHINERY (a joint stock limited company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) Stock Code: 02722 ANNUAL REPORT 2018 ANNUAL REPORT 2018 ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS Corporate Information 2 Financial Highlights 4 Group Structure 5 Results Highlights 6 Chairman’s Statement 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis 20 Directors, Supervisors and Senior Management 39 Report of the Board of Directors 54 Report of the Supervisory Committee 80 Corporate Governance Report 83 Risk and Internal Control and Governance Report 102 Environmental, Social and Governance Report 110 Independent Auditor’s Report 134 Consolidated Balance Sheet 149 Balance Sheet of the Company 153 Consolidated Income Statement 156 Income Statement of the Company 159 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 161 Statement of Changes in Equity of the Company 167 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 171 Cash Flows Statement of the Company 174 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 176 Supplementary Information to Consolidated Financial Statements 475 Corporate Information DIRECTORS COMMITTEES UNDER BOARD OF DIRECTORS Executive Directors Members of the Audit and Risk Management Mr. Wang Yuxiang (Chairman) Committee Ms. Chen Ping Mr. Yang Quan Mr. Lo Wah Wai (Chairman) Mr. Jin Jingyu Non-executive Directors Mr. Liu Wei CHONGQING MACHINERY LTD & ELECTRIC CO., Mr. Huang Yong Members of the Remuneration Committee Mr. Dou Bo Mr. Wang Pengcheng Mr. Ren Xiaochang (Chairman) Mr. Lo Wah Wai Independent Non-executive Directors Mr. Jin Jingyu Mr. Huang Yong Mr. Lo Wah Wai Mr. Ren Xiaochang Members of the Nomination Committee Mr. Jin Jingyu Mr. Liu Wei Mr. -
COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in China: a Case Study
Article COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in China: A Case Study Marjan Mohamadi 1,†, Yuling Lin 1,*,† ,Mélissa Vuillet Soit Vulliet 1,†, Antoine Flahault 1, Liudmila Rozanova 1 and Guilhem Fabre 2 1 Institute of Global Health, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (M.V.S.V.); antoine.fl[email protected] (A.F.); [email protected] (L.R.) 2 Department of Chinese, UFR 2, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, 34199 Montpellier, France; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China was first reported to the World Health Organization on 31 December 2019, after the first cases were officially identified around 8 December 2019. However, the case of an infected patient of 55 years old can probably be traced back on 17 November. The spreading has been rapid and heterogeneous. Economic, political and social impacts have not been long overdue. This paper, based on English, French and Chinese research in national and international databases, aims to study the COVID-19 situation in China through the management of the outbreak and the Chinese response to vaccination strategy. The coronavirus disease pandemic is under control in China through non-pharmaceutical interventions, and the mass vaccination program has been launched to further prevent the disease and progressed steadily with Citation: Mohamadi, M.; Lin, Y.; 483.34 million doses having been administered across the country by 21 May 2021. China is also Vulliet, M.V.S.; Flahault, A.; acting as an important player in the development and production of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. -
Chinese Ceramics in the Late Tang Dynasty
44 Chinese Ceramics in the Late Tang Dynasty Regina Krahl The first half of the Tang dynasty (618–907) was a most prosperous period for the Chinese empire. The capital Chang’an (modern Xi’an) in Shaanxi province was a magnet for international traders, who brought goods from all over Asia; the court and the country’s aristocracy were enjoying a life of luxury. The streets of Chang’an were crowded with foreigners from distant places—Central Asian, Near Eastern, and African—and with camel caravans laden with exotic produce. Courtiers played polo on thoroughbred horses, went on hunts with falconers and elegant hounds, and congregated over wine while being entertained by foreign orchestras and dancers, both male and female. Court ladies in robes of silk brocade, with jewelry and fancy shoes, spent their time playing board games on dainty tables and talking to pet parrots, their faces made up and their hair dressed into elaborate coiffures. This is the picture of Tang court life portrayed in colorful tomb pottery, created at great expense for lavish burials. By the seventh century the manufacture of sophisticated pottery replicas of men, beasts, and utensils had become a huge industry and the most important use of ceramic material in China (apart from tilework). Such earthenware pottery, relatively easy and cheap to produce since the necessary raw materials were widely available and firing temperatures relatively low (around 1,000 degrees C), was unfit for everyday use; its cold- painted pigments were unstable and its lead-bearing glazes poisonous. Yet it was perfect for creating a dazzling display at funeral ceremonies (fig. -
Excess Mortality in Wuhan City and Other Parts of China During BMJ: First Published As 10.1136/Bmj.N415 on 24 February 2021
RESEARCH Excess mortality in Wuhan city and other parts of China during BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.n415 on 24 February 2021. Downloaded from the three months of the covid-19 outbreak: findings from nationwide mortality registries Jiangmei Liu,1 Lan Zhang,2 Yaqiong Yan,3 Yuchang Zhou,1 Peng Yin,1 Jinlei Qi,1 Lijun Wang,1 Jingju Pan,2 Jinling You,1 Jing Yang,1 Zhenping Zhao,1 Wei Wang,1 Yunning Liu,1 Lin Lin,1 Jing Wu,1 Xinhua Li,4 Zhengming Chen,5 Maigeng Zhou1 1The National Center for Chronic ABSTRACT 8.32, 5.19 to 17.02), mainly covid-19 related, but and Non-communicable Disease OBJECTIVE a more modest increase in deaths from certain Control and Prevention, Chinese To assess excess all cause and cause specific other diseases, including cardiovascular disease Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), Xicheng mortality during the three months (1 January to (n=2347; 408 v 316 per 100 000; 1.29, 1.05 to 1.65) District, 100050, Beijing, China 31 March 2020) of the coronavirus disease 2019 and diabetes (n=262; 46 v 25 per 100 000; 1.83, 2Hubei Provincial Center for (covid-19) outbreak in Wuhan city and other parts of 1.08 to 4.37). In Wuhan city (n=13 districts), 5954 Disease Control and Prevention, China. additional (4573 pneumonia) deaths occurred in Wuhan, Hubei, China 2020 compared with 2019, with excess risks greater 3Wuhan Center for Disease DESIGN Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Nationwide mortality registries. in central than in suburban districts (50% v 15%). -
Chongqing Handbook All Essential Information You Need to Know About Chongqing
Chongqing Handbook All essential information you need to know about Chongqing Presented by Chongqing Expat Club www.cqexpat.com Copyright 2008. All Rights Reserved. Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE - ABOUT CHONGQING Page 3 CHAPTER TWO – THE CITY HUBS Page 3 CHAPTER THREE – CITY TRANSPORT Page 4 CHAPTER FOUR – ATTRACTIONS Page 6 CHAPTER FIVE – NIGHTLIFE & ENTERTAINMENT Page 16 CHAPTER SIX – ACCOMMODATION Page 18 CHAPTER SEVEN – INTERNATIONAL FOOD Page 21 CHAPTER EIGHT– SHOPPING Page 24 CHAPTER NINE - EDUCATION Page 27 CHAPTER TEN – HEALTH CARE Page 29 CHAPTER ELEVEN – EMBASSIES & CONSULATES Page 31 CHAPTER TWELVE – USEFUL CONTACTS Page 32 CHAPTER THIRTEEN – USEFUL WORDS and PHRASES Page 32 CHAPTER ONE - ABOUT CHONGQING Chongqing is the economic hub of southwest China and the fourth Municipality in China (after Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin). Chongqing is situated in the east of southwest China, about 2,500km up the Yangtze River from Shanghai. Under its jurisdiction there are 40 districts, cities and counties. It covers an area of 82,000 square kilometres with a total population of 31 million. An estimated 6 million people live in urban Chongqing city. Downtown Chongqing lies at the point where the Yangtze River and the Jialing River merge. Known as the Mountain City, the whole city is built against a backdrop of hills and rivers, characterized by zig-zagging roads and overlapping houses. It is also known as one of the four Furnace Cities for its hot summers and the Foggy City for its misty winters. CHAPTER TWO – THE CITY HUBS Chongqing has five major business and shopping precincts - the oldest and most important being Jiefangbei situated within what remains of the Old Walled City. -
RTF Template
C ertificate No: Initial certification date: V alid: 1 1 3 683-2012-AQ-RGC-RvA 20 March, 2012 29 May, 2018 - 20 March, 2021 Expiry date of last certification cycle: 20 M arch, 2 0 18 Date of last recertification: 28 M arch, 20 18 This is to certify that the management system of China Resources Microelectronics （Chongqing）Limited NO. 25, Xi Yong Ave, Xiyong Town, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China, 401331 and the sites as mentioned in the appendix accompanying this certificate has been found to conform to the Quality Management System standard: ISO 9001:2015/GB/T 19001-2016 This certificate is valid for the following scope: Design and Manufacture of IC Product Place and date: For the issuing office: Shanghai, 30 May, 2018 DNV GL – Business Assurance Suite A, Building 9, No.1591 Hongqiao Road, Changning District, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China TEL: +86 21 32799000 Zhu Hai Ming Management Representative Lack of fulfilment of conditions as set out in the Certification Agreement may render this Certificate invalid. ACCREDITED UNIT: DNV GL Business Assurance B.V., ZW OLSEWEG 1, 2994 LB, BARENDRECHT, NETHERLANDS. TEL:+31102922689. assurance. dnvgl.com C ertificate No: 113683-2012-AQ-RGC-RvA P lace and date: Shanghai, 30 May, 2018 Appendix to Certificate China Resources Microelectronics（Chongqing）Limited Locations included in the certification are as follows: Site Name Site Address Site Scope China Resources NO. 25, Xi Yong Ave, Xiyong Town, Design and Manufacture of IC Product Microelectronics（Chongqing） Shapingba District, Chongqing, Limited China, 401331 China Resources 4F, No. 367, Xi Yong Road, Xiyong Register Address: No Activities Microelectronics（Chongqing） Town, Shapingba District, Limited Chongqing, China, 401331 Lack of fulfilment of conditions as set out in the Certification Agreement may render this Certificate invalid. -
P020110307527551165137.Pdf
CONTENT 1.MESSAGE FROM DIRECTOR …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 03 2.ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 05 3.HIGHLIGHTS OF ACHIEVEMENTS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 06 Coexistence of Conserve and Research----“The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species ” services biodiversity protection and socio-economic development ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 06 The Structure, Activity and New Drug Pre-Clinical Research of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids ………………………………………… 09 Anti-Cancer Constituents in the Herb Medicine-Shengma (Cimicifuga L) ……………………………………………………………………………… 10 Floristic Study on the Seed Plants of Yaoshan Mountain in Northeast Yunnan …………………………………………………………………… 11 Higher Fungi Resources and Chemical Composition in Alpine and Sub-alpine Regions in Southwest China ……………………… 12 Research Progress on Natural Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) Inhibitors…………………………………………………………………………………… 13 Predicting Global Change through Reconstruction Research of Paleoclimate………………………………………………………………………… 14 Chemical Composition of a traditional Chinese medicine-Swertia mileensis……………………………………………………………………………… 15 Mountain Ecosystem Research has Made New Progress ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16 Plant Cyclic Peptide has Made Important Progress ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17 Progresses in Computational Chemistry Research ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 New Progress in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products ………………………………………………………………………………………………………