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Ro B Collister Created in 1951, the Snowdonia National Park is a landscape of rugged grandeur, great natural diversity and cultural associations going back thousands of years. The vision of its founders was that this very special region should be protected from harmful development for all time. From the beginning, how- ever, there were problems ... Out of these difficulties R OB C OLLISTE R grew the idea of an independent society dedicated to conserving and enhancing the landscape. Today Rob Collister is an international mountain guide who the Snowdonia Society has a membership of 2,500 lives in the Conwy Valley. He has been a member and enjoys a close working relationship with both the of the Snowdonia Society for thirty years and was Snowdonia National Park Authority and the Council a Nominated Member of the Snowdonia National for National Parks. Park Committee from 1990 –1993. He is the author of Lightweight Expeditions (1989) and Over the Hills This lively narrative chronicles the story of the and Far Away (1996). Snowdonia Society – its successes and failures, its internal conflict and the personalities involved – as Mae Rob Collister yn arweinydd mynydd rhyngwladol well as discussing the wider issues which have af- sy’n byw yn Nyffryn Conwy. Mae wedi bod yn aelod fected this unique landscape over the last forty years. o Gymdeithas Eryri ers deng mlynedd ar hugain, a’n Aelod Enwebedig o Bwyllgor Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri o 1990 -1993. Ef yw awdur Lightweight Expeditions Crëwyd Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri ym 1951. Mae’r (1989) ac Over the Hills and Far Away (1996). tirwedd yn hagr ac yn hardd, yn llawn amrywiaeth naturiol gogoneddus ac mae yma gysylltiadau diwyl- liannol ers miloedd o flynyddoedd. Gweledigaeth y sylfaenwyr oedd y dylid gwarchod yr ardal arbennig hon am byth rhag unrhyw ddatblygiad niweidiol. Ond bu problemau o’r dechrau … Yn sgil yr anaw- sterau hyn eginodd y syniad am gymdeithas annibyn- nol a fyddai’n ymroi’n llwyr i ddiogelu a chyfoethogi’r Front Cover ~ Snowdon across Dyffryn Mymbyr (the birthplace of the Snowdonia Society) from Capel Curig. tirwedd. Erbyn heddiw mae 2,500 o aelodau gan y Pierino Algieri www.algieri-images.co.uk Gymdeithas, ac mae ganddi berthynas waith glos Boots. Bryce Kroll iStockphoto.com gydag Awdurdod Parc Cenedlaethol Eryri a Chyngor y R Back Cover ~ Llyn Idwal & Pen yr Oleu Wen from OB Parciau Cenedlaethol. Devils Kitchen. Pierino Algieri www.algieri-images.co.uk C ISBN 978-1-906095-01-7 OLLISTE Mae’r naratif bywiog hwn yn croniclo stori Clawr Blaen ~ Yr Wyddfa ar draws Dyffryn Mymbyr Cymdeithas Eryri – y llwyddiannau a’r methiannau, (lle genwyd y Gymdeithas Eryri) o Gapel Curig. Pierino Algieri www.algieri-images.co.uk y gwrthdaro mewnol a’r personoliaethau cysylltie- R Boots. Bryce Kroll iStockphoto.com 9781906 095017 dig – yn ogystal â thrafod y materion ehangach sydd R OB C OLLISTE R wedi effeithio’r tirwedd unigryw yma dros y deugain Clawr Gefn ~ Llyn Idwal a Pen yr Oleu Wen o Twll Du. Pierino Algieri www.algieri-images.co.uk mlynedd diwethaf. ERYRI PARC DAN BWYSAU SNOWDONIA PARK UNDER PRESSURE T HE S T ORY OF T HE S NOWDONIA N A T IONAL P ARK & T HE S NOWDONIA S OCIE T Y H ANE S P ARC C ENEDLAE T HOL E RYRI A C HYMDEI T HA S E RYRI First published in Great Britain 2007 by Pesda Press Cyhoeddwyd yn gyntaf ym Mhrydain Fawr yn 2007 gan Pesda Press (Gwasg Pesda) Galeri 22, Doc Victoria Galeri 22, Doc Victoria Caernarfon, Gwynedd Caernarfon, Gwynedd LL55 1SQ LL55 1SQ Wales Cymru Copyright © 2007 The Snowdonia Society Hawlfraint © 2007 Cymdeithas Eryri ISBN 978-1-906095-01-7 ISBN 978-1-906095-01-7 The author asserts the moral right to be Mae’r awdur yn cadw’r hawl foesol i gael ei identified as the author of this work. adnabod fel awdur y gwaith hwn. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or Cedwir pob hawl. Ni ellir atgynhyrchu na darlledu unrhyw ran o’r transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, cyhoeddiad hwn, mewn unrhyw ddull na thrwy unrhyw gyfrwng, electronig including photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written neu fecanyddol, gan gynnwys ffotocopïo, recordio nac fel arall, heb permission of the Publisher. ganiatâd ysgrifenedig ymlaen llaw gan y Cyhoeddwr. Contents | Cynnwys Map of locations ......................................... 4 The Society ........................................... 46 Map o leoliadau.......................................... 4 Y Gymdeithas ......................................... 47 List of Plates ............................................. 5 Landscape and Planning ................................. 54 Rhestr o luniau .......................................... 5 Tirwedd a Chynllunio ................................... 55 Preface by Sir Chris Bonington, CBE ........................ 7 Enhancement ......................................... 60 Rhagair gan Syr Chris Bonington, CBE ...................... 7 Gwelliant ............................................ 61 Early Days 1967-77 ...................................... 12 Into the Present 1997-2007 .............................. 66 Dyddiau Cynnar 1967-77 ................................ 13 Hyd Heddiw 1997-2007 .................................. 67 Introduction .......................................... 12 The Society ........................................... 66 Cyflwyniad ........................................... 13 Y Gymdeithas ......................................... 67 The Society ........................................... 14 Landscape issues ....................................... 72 Y Gymdeithas ......................................... 15 Materion tirwedd ...................................... 73 Landscape and Planning ................................. 18 Enhancement ......................................... 76 Tirwedd a Chynllunio ................................... 19 Gwelliant ............................................ 77 Growing Up 1977-87 .................................... 30 Policy issues .......................................... 82 Tyfu i Fyny 1977-87...................................... 31 Materion polisi ........................................ 83 The Society ........................................... 30 Conclusion ........................................... 86 Y Gymdeithas ......................................... 31 Casgliad ............................................. 87 Landscape and Planning ................................. 36 Postscript by John Disley, CBE ............................ 88 Tirwedd a Chynllunio ................................... 37 Ôl-nodyn gan John Disley, CBE ........................... 89 Coming of Age 1987-97 .................................. 46 References ............................................. 90 Dyfod i Oed 1987-97 .................................... 47 Cyfeiriadau ............................................. 90 Acknowledgements ..................................... 91 Cydnabyddiaethau ...................................... 91 CONTENTS / CYNNWYS 3 4 PARK UNDER PRESSURE / PARC DAN BWYSAU List of plates | Rhestr o luniau Garnedd Ugain (right), the second highest peak in the Snowdon Massif ......... 6 Maes Caradog, Nant Ffrancon ................................... 29 Garnedd Ugain (dde), y copa ail uchaf ym Massif yr Wyddfa Maes Caradog, Nant Ffrancon Steve Lewis ARPS Pierino Algieri East face of Tryfan in winter ...................................... 8 Fairy Glen, Betws y Coed ....................................... 42 Ochr ddwyreiniol Tryfan yn y gaeaf Ffos Noddun, Betws y Coed Pierino Algieri Pierino Algieri Cwm Ystradllyn Railway (disused) .................................. 9 Cnicht and the Moelwynion ..................................... 43 Rheilffordd Cwm Ystradllyn (bellach yn segur) Y Cnicht ac y Moelwynion Pierino Algieri Morag McGrath Late winter Moel Siabod ....................................... 10 Llyn Tegid and Yr Aran from Parc, Bala .............................. 44 Diwedd y gaeaf, Moel Siabod Llyn Tegid a’r Aran o’r Parc, y Bala Steve Lewis ARPS Pierino Algieri Cadair Idris and Tal y Llyn ...................................... 11 Y Moelwynion from the south-east ................................ 45 Cadair Idris y Tal y Llyn Y Moelwynion o’r de-ddwyrain K. J. Richardson (SNPA / APCE) K. J. Richardson (SNPA / APCE) Maen y Bardd, neolithic burial chamber above Rowen ................... 26 Afon Cwmllan, Hafod y Llan, Snowdon .............................. 62 Maen y Bardd, siambr gladdu neolithig uwchben Rowen Afon Cwmllan, Hafod y Llan, Eryri K. J. Richardson (SNPA / APCE) Pierino Algieri Y Rhinogydd ............................................... 27 Llyn Gwynant from Hafod y Llan .................................. 63 Y Rhinogydd Llyn Gwynant o Hafod y Llan K. J. Richardson (SNPA / APCE) Pierino Algieri Snowdrift in the Conwy Valley ................................... 28 Traeth Bennar, Morfa Dyffryn .................................... 64 Lluwch eira yn Nyffryn Conwy Traeth Bennar, Morfa Dyffryn Pierino Algieri Pierino Algieri Llyn Pandora, Gwydyr Forest .................................... 65 Llyn Pandora, Coedwig Gwydyr Pierino Algieri LIST OF PLATES / RHESTR O LUNIAU 5 6 PARK UNDER PRESSURE / PARC DAN BWYSAU Left ~ Garnedd Ugain (right), the second Dde ~ Syr Chris Bonington highest peak in the Snowdon Massif. SL y tu allan i Tyˆ Hyll, pencadlys Cymdeithas Eryri. CE Chwith ~ Garnedd Ugain (dde), y copa ail uchaf ym Massif yr Wyddfa. SL Right ~ Sir Chris Bonington outside Tyˆ Hyll, Snowdonia Society headquarters. SS Preface Rhagair I first came to Snowdonia in 1951,
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