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La Sainte Famille Sexualité, Filiation Et Parentalité Dans L’Eglise Catholique

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La Sainte Famille Sexualité, Filiation Et Parentalité Dans L’Eglise Catholique La Sainte Famille Sexualité, filiation et parentalité dans l’Eglise catholique Il y a un peu plus de cinquante ans, le 8 décembre 1965, le pape Paul VI promulguait la constitution pastorale Gaudium et Spes. Ce document majeur du concile Vatican II, qui évoque largement la dignité du mariage et de la famille et insiste sur la place primordiale de l’amour conjugal, mettait fin à la doctrine nataliste absolue d’autrefois. Toutefois, moins de trois ans plus tard, l’encyclique Humanae Vitae vint réaffirmer la doctrine traditionnelle de l’Eglise en ce qui concerne la prohibition de la contraception artificielle. Ces documents sont le fruit de débat houleux VANDERPELEN-DIAGRE CECILE PAR EDITE ET SÄGESSER CAROLINE au sein de l’Eglise, autour de thèmes qui remontent aux origines du La Sainte Famille christianisme, telles la primauté du célibat ou du mariage, la fonction déterminante de la famille ou la liberté de l’individu, ou encore la relation Sexualité, filiation et parentalité comme concupiscence ou acte de filiation. Les contributions réunies dans l’Eglise catholique dans ce volume placent ces tensions dans leur perspective historique et reconstituent l’évolution des positions de l’Eglise à propos du couple et de la famille depuis les origines jusqu’à nos jours, à travers l’étude EDITE PAR CECILE VANDERPELEN-DIAGRE ET CAROLINE SÄGESSER de moments charnières et de documents-clés, et par l’observation des acteurs tant des processus d’élaboration des normes que, parfois, des mouvements de contestation de celles-ci. La Sainte La Sainte Famille EDITIONS DE L’UNIVERSITE DE BRUXELLES PROBLEMES D’HISTOIRE DES RELIGIONS www.editions-universite-bruxelles.be 24 2017 EdULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille.indd 1 29/06/17 16:48 EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 1 29/06/17 16:49 Série dirigée par Sylvie Peperstraete COMITE DE REDACTION COMITE DE LECTURE INTERNATIONAL Christian Brouwer Dominique Avon (Université du Maine) Michèle Broze Pierre-Yves Beaurepaire (Université de Nice) Aude Busine David Berliner (ULB) Baudouin Decharneux Patrick Cabanel (Ecole pratique des hautes études) Guillaume Dye José Contel (Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès) Sylvie Peperstraete Lambros Couloubaritsis (ULB et Académie royale de Belgique) Fabrice Preyat Philippe Denis (UCL et Académie royale de Belgique) Jean-Philippe Schreiber Jacques Ehrenfreund (Université de Lausanne) Cécile Vanderpelen-Diagre Frédéric Gugelot (Université de Reims et EHESS) Monique Weis John Tolan (Université de Nantes) Didier Viviers (ULB et Académie royale de Belgique) EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 2 29/06/17 16:49 La Sainte Famille Sexualité, filiation et parentalité dans l’Eglise catholique EDITE PAR CECILE VANDERPELEN-DIAGRE ET CAROLINE SÄGESSER EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 3 29/06/17 16:49 Dans la même série 1. Religion et tabou sexuel, éd. Jacques Marx, 1990 2. Apparitions et miracles, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1991 3. Le libéralisme religieux, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1992 4. Les courants antimaçonniques hier et aujourd’hui, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1993 5. Pluralisme religieux et laïcités dans l’Union européenne, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1994 6. Eugène Goblet d’Alviella, historien et franc-maçon, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1995 7. Le penseur, la violence, la religion, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1996 8. L’antimachiavélisme, de la Renaissance aux Lumières, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1997 9. L’intelligentsia européenne en mutation 1850-1875. Darwin, le Syllabus et leurs conséquences, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1998 10. Dimensions du sacré dans les littératures profanes, éd. Alain Dierkens, 1999 11. Le marquis de Gages (1739-1787). La franc-maçonnerie dans les Pays-Bas autrichiens, éd. Alain Dierkens, 2000 12. « Sectes » et « hérésies », de l’Antiquité à nos jours, éd. Alain Dierkens et Anne Morelli, 2002 (épuisé) 13. La sacralisation du pouvoir. Images et mises en scène, éd. Alain Dierkens et Jacques Marx, 2003 14. Maître Eckhart et Jan van Ruusbroec. Etudes sur la mystique « rhéno-flamande » (XIIIe-XIVe siècle), éd. Alain Dierkens et Benoît Beyer de Ryke, 2004 15. Mystique : la passion de l’Un, de l’Antiquité à nos jours, éd. Alain Dierkens et Benoît Beyer de Ryke, 2005 (épuisé) 16. Laïcité et sécularisation dans l’Union européenne, éd. Alain Dierkens et Jean-Philippe Schreiber, 2006 17. La croix et la bannière. L’écrivain catholique en francophonie (XVIIe-XXIe siècles), éd. Alain Dierkens, Frédéric Gugelot, Fabrice Preyat et Cécile Vanderpelen-Diagre, 2007 18. Topographie du sacré. L’emprise religieuse sur l’espace, éd. Alain Dierkens et Anne Morelli, 2008 19. La performance des images, éd. Alain Dierkens, Gil Bartholeyns et Thomas Golsenne, 2009 20. Art et religion, édité par Alain Dierkens, Sylvie Peperstraete et Cécile Vanderpelen-Diagre, 2010 21. Le blasphème : du péché au crime, édité par Alain Dierkens et Jean-Philippe Schreiber, 2012 22. Hérésies : une construction d’identités religieuses, édité par Christian Brouwer, Guillaume Dye et Anja van Rompaey, 2015 23. Animal et religion, édité par Sylvie Peperstraete, 2016 Les volumes sont consultables en ligne sur la Digithèque de l’ULB (http://digitheque.ulb.ac.be) et sur le site des Editions de l’Université de Bruxelles. EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 4 29/06/17 16:49 La Sainte Famille Sexualité, filiation et parentalité dans l’Eglise catholique EDITE PAR CECILE VANDERPELEN-DIAGRE ET CAROLINE SÄGESSER 24 2017 EDITIONS DE L’UNIVERSITE DE BRUXELLES PROBLEMES D’HISTOIRE DES RELIGIONS EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 5 29/06/17 16:49 Publié avec l’aide financière du Fonds de la recherche scientifique – FNRS ISBN 978-2-8004-1623-6 D/2017/0171/7 © 2017 by Editions de l’Université de Bruxelles Avenue Paul Héger 26 - 1000 Bruxelles (Belgique) [email protected] www.editions-universite-bruxelles.be Imprimé en Belgique EDULB-PHR-La Sainte Famille pages int.indd 6 29/06/17 16:49 Note de l’éditrice de la collection Sylvie Peperstraete L’Action de recherche concertée (ARC) Révolution sexuelle et (dé)pilarisation de 1960 à 2000 : Une spécificité belge ? Contribution à une histoire des normes de genre et de sexualité de l’Université libre de Bruxelles est un projet résolument interdisciplinaire, puisqu’il rassemble quatre centres de recherche correspondant à trois disciplines : les sciences des religions avec le CIERL (Centre interdisciplinaire d’étude des religions et de la laïcité), la criminologie avec le CRC (Centre de recherches criminologiques), la sociologie avec METICES (Migrations, espaces, travail, institutions, citoyenneté, épistémologie, santé) et les recherches sur le genre et la sexualité avec l’AGS (Atelier genre(s) et sexualité(s)). L’objet général de l’ARC est d’interroger la manière dont le monde catholique belge a réagi à ce que l’on appelle communément la révolution sexuelle. Les recherches s’articulent donc autour des débats, dans le monde catholique, sur des problématiques comme les recompositions familiales, la mixité, la contraception et l’avortement, le SIDA ou encore l’homosexualité, soit des questions qui abordent la transformation des normes de genre et de sexualité depuis 1960. De la sorte, le projet entend examiner sous un jour nouveau l’histoire de la sexualité depuis 1960, en essayant de déterminer s’il y eut ou non révolution dans les pratiques, les représentations et les mobilisations individuelles et collectives. Il s’agit d’identifier et d’étudier les effets des modifications familiales et sexuelles sur la configuration générale de la société. En Belgique, cette dernière est organisée depuis la fin du xixe siècle en « piliers » qui représentent des mondes séparés encadrant les individus du berceau à la tombe. Ce système implique, outre l’« encadrement des âmes », des institutions dans des domaines tels que l’enseignement, la protection de la jeunesse, la santé, la famille ou le travail. 8 la sainte famille Ce projet met en lumière les intersections souvent négligées entre les changements dans le domaine de l’intime et la contestation des formes traditionnelles d’organisation sociale et politique en Belgique, qui ont vu le jour dans le contexte de la réorganisation de l’autorité en Europe occidentale. Il s’interroge également sur les résonances internationales et transnationales du phénomène belge, la remise en question des formes d’autorité religieuse et patriarcale qui touchent aussi d’autres pays européens. Dans un premier temps, les membres de l’équipe ont voulu se concentrer plus spécifiquement sur la manière dont l’Église et le monde catholique ont construit leur rapport à la famille. Très vite, il s’est avéré qu’appréhender cette question imposait de l’approcher, d’une part, dans une perspective diachronique et, de l’autre, en utilisant des outils interdisciplinaires. La Sainte Famille, allégorie autant que métaphore, exige des lectures croisées. Cet ouvrage collectif a pour objectif de présenter les premiers résultats des recherches de l’ARC. Le colloque dont il est issu a eu lieu à l’Academia Belgica de Rome, les 19 et 20 mai 2016. Il fut l’occasion de mettre en commun les résultats de la recherche récente dans le domaine des rapports entre catholicisme, famille et sexualité. La rencontre visait, grâce à un éclairage historique, à reconstituer l’évolution des prescrits en matière de sexualité, de filiation et de parenté en examinant les moteurs socio-politiques des transformations et des adaptations du discours. Elle a donné lieu à des échanges nourris entre des chercheurs issus de disciplines et de pays différents. Leurs contributions sont réunies ici, à l’exception de six d’entre elles qui ont
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