Sanchis-Ibor, C.; Palau-Salvador, G. Mangue Alférez, I.; Martínez-Sanmartín, L.P. (Eds.) Irrigation, Society, Landscape. Tribute to Thomas F. Glick, València, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2014. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ISL2014.2014.76 Irrigation and Society in the Upper Río Grande Basin, U.S.A: A Heritage of Mutualism José A. Rivera1, Juan Estevan Arellano2, Enrique R. Lamadrid1, and Tomás Martínez Saldaña3 1University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA 2Acequia Junta y Ciénaga, Embudo, NM, USA 3Colegio de Postgraduados, Texcoco, Mx
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[email protected] Abstract. The acequias of the upper Río Grande are more than just irrigation canals. They also allocate and manage water for the community of landowners in the system. After four centuries of use, the acequias persist into modern times with their founding principles intact: self-government, local autonomy, internal rules for operating procedures, and a strong sense of mutualismo or communal responsibility. They have endured since Spanish colonial settlement, and have maintained continuity of a water culture surviving political-administrative changes under three sovereigns, Spain (1598-1821), Mexico (1821-1848), and the United States (1848- Present). Despite stressors of climate variability, demographic changes, urbanization, and economic modernity, the acequia parciantes hold onto, maintain, and defend their shares of water in the acequia madre. Most of these irrigation works still