DOCSLIB.ORG

Ascomycetes: Laboulbeniales) in Slovakia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Folia faunistica Slovaca, 2011, 16 (2): 71–72 ISSN 1335-7522 FIRST RECORD OF THE MYRMECOPHILOUS FUNGUS RICKIA WASMANNII (ASCOMYCETES: LABOULBENIALES) IN SLOVAKIA Pavel Bezděčka & Klára Bezděčková Methodical Centre for Myrmecology, Museum of the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, Masarykovo náměstí 55, CZ-586 01 Jihlava, Czech Republic [[email protected]] Abstract: Rickia wasmannii Myrmica scabrinodis We report here the first record of the myrmecophilous fungusR was- mannii Cavara, 1899 in Slovakia. The fungus was found in the ant species Nylander, 1846 in the Ondavská vrchovina Mts. does not appear to be very abundant in Slovakia. Nevertheless, intensive researchKey words: might reveal additionalRickia localities wasmannii where it occurs. Laboulbeniales, , ants, Hymenoptera, Formici- dae. INTRODUCTION parts of Slovakia (Slovak Karst National Park,M rubraZáho- rie Protected LandscapeM ruginodis Area, Ondavská vrchovinaM The Laboulbeniales are a peculiar group of fungi rugulosaMts) during 2007–2010.M Wesabuleti examined . growing out of the cuticle of arthropods, particu- M(Linnaeus,scabrinodis 1758), . MNylander,schencki 1846, . larly insects (Tavares 1985; Weir & Beakes 1995; Nylander,M specioides 1849, . Meinert, 1861, Santamaria 2001; Espadaler & Santamaria 2003; . Nylander, 1846, . Viereck, Santamaria 2003; Rossi & Máca 2006; Herraiz & 1903, and . Bondroit, 1918. The research Espadaler 2007). They occur mostly on beetles (80 was carried out using the publications by Cavara %) and flies (10 %), less on mites, millipedes and (1900), Thaxter (1908) and Tartally et al. (2007). other groups, showing rather high host specificity RESULTS (Tavares 1985; Herraiz & Espadaler 2007). La- boulbeniales do not seem to damage their hosts very M scabrinodis much, if at all (Espadaler & Lodos 1983; Espadaler R wasmannii & Santamaria 2003). We found five colonies of . parasitized by . at one site in the Ondavská vrcho- In the order Hymenoptera, only ants are known as Rickia Dimorphomyces vina Mts. The fungus grew from the cuticle, every- hosts of certain species of Laboulbeniales, especially Laboulbenia where on the bodies of majority of workers in each of the genera Cavara, Thaxter, colony (Fig. 1). Infested ants were active, without and Mont. et C. P. Robin, (Espadaler & Rickia wasmannii any behavioural changes. No infested queen, male or Santamaria 2003). The myrmecophilous fungus brood was found. All det. Bezděčka & Bezděčková. Cavara, has been until recently re- ported from Spain, Italy, France, Germany, ẽSwitzer- Material examined: Slovakia, Hostovice (co-ordiM- land, former Yugoslavia, Romania, Hungary, Austria, scabrinodisnates of the centre 49° 7’ 46” N, 22° 6’ 49” E, max. and the Czech Republic (Espadader & Sun r 1989; altitude 320 m), 7 Aug 2010. In five colonies of . Santamaria et al. 1991; Tartally et al. 2007;Myrmica Tar- . tally 2008, 2009; Bezděčková & Bezděčka in press). DISCUSSION It is obligately found in ants of the genus Latreille, 1804, parasitizing all parts of the ant R wasmannii cuticle. M rubra MATERIALS AND METHODS The myrmecophilous fungus . was first collected by Wasmann in . in Linz on theM R wasmannii sabuletiRhine (Germany)M salina and subsequentlyM scabrinodis described byM Myrmica specioidesCavara (cf. CavaraM vandeli 1900). Later it was found in . To reveal the occurrence of . we checked , . Ruzsky, 1905, . , . ©2500 Faunima, specimens Bratislava, of 2011 the genus from various , and . Bondroit,http://zoology.fns.uniba.sk/ffs 1920 (Espadal- 71 ẽ er & Sun r 1989; Santamaria et al. 1991; Tartal- ly et al. 2007; Tartally 2008, 2009; Bezděčková & Bezděčka in press). Myrmica R wasmannii AlthoughM scabrinodis we examined seven species of the genus in Slovakia, we recorded . on- ly in . InfestationR wasmannii of this species is re- ported also from Hungary and Romania, where it is the most common host of . (Tartally et al. 2007), and from Italy (Spegazzini 1914). Al- Myrmicaso Tartally et al. (2007) recorded parasitization only in a limited number (four) of the 11 checked species in Rthewasmannii Carpathian Basin. Similarly to the Czech Republic (Bezděčková & Bezděčka in press) we recorded . in Slovakia only in Figure 1. Rickia wasmannii workers. In contrast, Tartally et al. (2007) report Myrmica scabrinodis parasitization of both workers and dealate queens The fungus in the ant in material from the Carpathian Basin. Consistent- species . ly with previous observations (Tartally et al. 2007;R Bezděčková & Bezděčka in press), the infected wasmannii Herraiz JA & EspadalerSociobiology, X, 2007: Laboulbenia formicar- ants seemed to be indifferent to the presence of . um (Ascomycota, Laboulbeniales) reaches the Medi- on their cuticules. However, Spegazzini terranean. 50: 449–455. Sydowia, (1914) observed behavioural changes, mainly slow Rossi W & Máca J, 2006: Notes on the Laboulbeniales movements,R wasmannii in parasitized workers. (Ascomycetes) from the Czech Republic. 58(1): 110–124. Lazaroa Recently, . has been discovered in Hun- Santamaria S, 2001: Los Laboulbeniales, un grupo enig- gary, Romania (Tartally et al. 2007) and in the mático de hongos parásitos de insectos. , 22: Czech Republic (Bezděčková & Bezděčka in press). 3–19. Flora Mycologica Iberica, Its find in SlovakiaR wasmannii represents a further extension of Santamaria S, 2003: Laboulbeniales, 11. Acompsomy- its recently knownR wasmannii distribution area. The fact that ces-Ilyomyces. 5: 1–344. we found . only at one site in Slovakia Santamaria S, Balazuc J & Tavares II, 1991:Treballs Distribu de- suggests that . is not very abundant in l´Instituttion of the Botanic European de Barcelona Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Asco- this country. Nevertheless, intensive research might mycotina). An annotated list of species. Redia, 14: 5–123. reveal additional sites where it occurs. Similar situa- Spegazzini C, 1914: Primo contributo alla conoscenza tion may be in other European countries. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS delle Laboulbeniali italiani. , 10: 21–75. Tartally A, 2008: MyrmecophilyUniversity of Debrecen, of Maculinea Debrecen butter- flies in the Carpathian Basin (Lepidoptera: Lycaeni- dae). PhD Thesis. , 97 We are very grateful to W. Rossi and J. Máca for val- pp. uable information and J. W. Jongepier for language Tartally A, 2009: A Maculinea boglárkalepkékTermészetvé Kárpát- -medencéböl ismert hangyagazdái, parazitoidjai és a correction. delmi Közlemények, REFERENCES hangyagazdák egyéb szociálparazitái. 15: 23–34. Tartally A, Szücs B & Ebsen JR, 2007: The first records of Rickia wasmannii Cavara, 1899, a myrmecophilo- Bezděčková K & Bezděčka P, in press: First records of us fungus, and its Myrmica Latreille, Myrmecological1804 host ants the myrmecophilous fungus Rickia wasmannii (As- Myrmecological News News,in Hungary and Romania (Ascomycetes: Laboulbe- comycetes: Laboulbeniales) in the Czech Republic. niales, Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Revue mycologique, Mycological 10: 123. Memoirs, Cavara F, 1900: Di una nuova Laboulbeniacea, Rickia Tavares II, 1985: Laboulbeniales (Fungi, Ascomycetes). Wasmannii, nov. gen. et nov. spec. 9:Mem. 1–627. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci., 22: 155–156. Thaxter R, 1908: Contribution toward a monograph of Espadaler X & Lodos N, 1983: CamponotusTurk. J. Plant baldaccii Prot the Laboulbeniaceae. 13: Emery (Hymenoptera) parasitized by Laboulbenia 189–469. camponoti Batra (Ascomycetes). ., WeirMycologist, A & Beakes G, 1995: An introduction to the Laboul- 7: 217–219. beniales: a fascinating group of entomogenous fungi. Espadaler X & SantamariaOrsis, S, 2003: Laboulbenia formi- 9: 6–10. carum Thaxt. (Ascomycota,ẽ Laboulbeniales) crosses the Atlantic. 18: 97–101. Submitted: 29.4.2011 Espadaler X & Sun r D, 1989: Additional recordsOrsis, of Ibe- Accepted: 15.7.2011 rian parasitic insect fungi: Laboulbeniales (Ascomy- Published online: 3.8.2011 cotina) and Aegeritella (Deuteromycotina). 4: 145–149. Folia faunistica Slovaca, 2011, 16 (2): 71–72 72.
Recommended publications
  • Fungi-Insect Symbiosis Laboulbeniomycetes

    Fungi-Insect Symbiosis Laboulbeniomycetes

    Important Dates zDecember 6th – Last lecture. zDecember 12th – Study session at 2:30? Where? Fungi-Insect zDecember 13th – Final Exam: 12:00-2:00 Symbiosis Fungi-Insect Symbiosis Fungi-Insect Symbiosis zMany examples of fungi-insect zMany examples of fungi-insect symbiosis. symbiosis (continue). zCover the following examples zInsects that cultivate fungi: Laboulbeniomycetes – Class of Attine Ants Ascomycota. Mostly on insects. Septobasidium –Genus of Mound Building Termites Basidiomycota Ambrosia Beetles Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniomycetes zAscocarps occur on very specific zVery poorly known example. localities in some species: zRelationship between fungi and insects unclear. One species parasitic? Species of this fungus probably occurs on all insects Fungus is a member of Ascomycota zRickia dendroiuli Only found on forelegs of millipedes 1 Rickia dendroiuli Rickia dendroiuli Mature ascocarp zLow magnification showing three ascocarps zHigh magnification showing two ascocarps, as seen through the microscope. left is mature Laboulbeniomycetes Laboulbeniomycetes zIn some species specific localities zVariations were based on mating habit misleading. For example: of insects involved. In some insects, “species A” may have ascocarps arising only on front, upper pair of legs of males However, “Species A” have ascocarps arising only on the back, lower pair of legs of females of same insect species. Peyritschiella protea Peyritschiella protea zAscocarps not zHigh magnification always in specific of ascocarps and localities. ascospores. ascocarps and ascospores 2 Stigmatomyces majewski Stigmatomyces majewskii zLow and high z Ascocarps occur magnification mostly on of ascocarps. segment. zNote one on wing. Laboulbenia cristata Laboulbenia cristata zAscocarps occur on zHigh magnification middle segment of ascocarp with legs. ascospores. SeptobasidiuSeptobasidiumm SeptobasidiuSeptobasidiumm zGenus of Basidiomycota that forms a zMore examples: symbiotic relationship with scale insects.
  • Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation

    Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation

    Studies of the Laboulbeniomycetes: Diversity, Evolution, and Patterns of Speciation The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:40049989 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA ! STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION A dissertation presented by DANNY HAELEWATERS to THE DEPARTMENT OF ORGANISMIC AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology HARVARD UNIVERSITY Cambridge, Massachusetts April 2018 ! ! © 2018 – Danny Haelewaters All rights reserved. ! ! Dissertation Advisor: Professor Donald H. Pfister Danny Haelewaters STUDIES OF THE LABOULBENIOMYCETES: DIVERSITY, EVOLUTION, AND PATTERNS OF SPECIATION ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1: Laboulbeniales is one of the most morphologically and ecologically distinct orders of Ascomycota. These microscopic fungi are characterized by an ectoparasitic lifestyle on arthropods, determinate growth, lack of asexual state, high species richness and intractability to culture. DNA extraction and PCR amplification have proven difficult for multiple reasons. DNA isolation techniques and commercially available kits are tested enabling efficient and rapid genetic analysis of Laboulbeniales fungi. Success rates for the different techniques on different taxa are presented and discussed in the light of difficulties with micromanipulation, preservation techniques and negative results. CHAPTER 2: The class Laboulbeniomycetes comprises biotrophic parasites associated with arthropods and fungi.
  • Co-Invasion of the Ladybird Harmonia Axyridis and Its Parasites Hesperomyces Virescens Fungus and Parasitylenchus Bifurcatus

    Co-Invasion of the Ladybird Harmonia Axyridis and Its Parasites Hesperomyces Virescens Fungus and Parasitylenchus Bifurcatus

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/390898; this version posted August 13, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Co-invasion of the ladybird Harmonia axyridis and its parasites Hesperomyces virescens fungus and 2 Parasitylenchus bifurcatus nematode to the Caucasus 3 4 Marina J. Orlova-Bienkowskaja1*, Sergei E. Spiridonov2, Natalia N. Butorina2, Andrzej O. Bieńkowski2 5 6 1 Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 7 2A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia 8 * Corresponding author (MOB) 9 E-mail: [email protected] 10 11 Short title: Co-invasion of Harmonia axyridis and its parasites to the Caucasus 12 13 Abstract 14 Study of parasites in recently established populations of invasive species can shed lite on sources of 15 invasion and possible indirect interactions of the alien species with native ones. We studied parasites of 16 the global invader Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in the Caucasus. In 2012 the first 17 established population of H. axyridis was recorded in the Caucasus in Sochi (south of European Russia, 18 Black sea coast). By 2018 the ladybird has spread to the vast territory: Armenia, Georgia and south 19 Russia: Adygea, Krasnodar territory, Stavropol territory, Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria and North 20 Ossetia. Examination of 213 adults collected in Sochi in 2018 have shown that 53% of them are infested 21 with Hesperomyces virescens fungi (Ascomycota: Laboulbeniales) and 8% with Parasitylenchus 22 bifurcatus nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida, Allantonematidae).
  • Download PDF ( Final Version , 500Kb )

    Download PDF ( Final Version , 500Kb )

    infecties met platwrat AEGERITELLA TUBERCULATA op schubmieren (formicidae: formicinae) Peter Boer & Jinze Noordijk Mieren kunnen geïnfecteerd zijn met specifieke schimmels, zoals die van het genus Aegeritella. Platwrat Aegiterella tuberculata was uit de literatuur bekend van 12 mierensoorten uit Europa en één uit Noord-Amerika. In Nederland troffen wij tot nu toe zes soorten aan met deze infectie, waarvan Lasius alienus en Formica exsecta hier als nieuwe gastheer worden gemeld. Bovendien kregen we Grieks materiaal onder ogen, waaruit bleek dat platwrat ook aanwezig is op de invasieve exoot Lasius neglectus. Het aantal bekende gastheren komt daarmee op 16. Ectoparasitaire schimmels op mieren worden nauwelijks onderzocht en er is ongetwijfeld nog veel te ontdekken aan de waardsoorten, de verspreiding en de mogelijke nadelige effecten op mieren. schimmels op mieren schoonvegen met antibiotische uitscheidings- Mieren hebben een goed werkend afweersysteem producten uit de metapleurale klieren (Beattie voor allerlei ziekmakende bacteriën en schimmels. et al. 1986). Ongerechtigheden zoals bijvoorbeeld Dat komt doordat ze zichzelf en elkaar likken en schimmelsporen worden in een holte voor in de Figuur 1. Werkster van Lasius umbratus met infectie van Aegeritella tuberculata. Posterholt (Holst, Limburg), .vi.2013, leg. Jinze Noordijk. Foto Theodoor Heijerman. Figure 1. Worker of Lasius umbratus with infection of Aegeritella tuberculata. Posterholt (Holst, province of Limburg, the Netherlands), .vi.2013, leg. Jinze Noordijk. Photo Theodoor Heijerman. boer & noordijk ‒ platwrat op schubmieren Figuur 2. Werkster van Formica polyctena met infectie van Aegeritella superficialis. Oranje Nassau’s Oord (Wageningen, Gelderland), 16.iii.2014, leg. Theodoor Heijerman. Foto Theodoor Heijerman. Figure 2. Worker of Formica polyctena with infection of Aegeritella superficialis.
  • Laboulbeniomycetes, Eni... Historyâ

    Laboulbeniomycetes, Eni... Historyâ

    Laboulbeniomycetes, Enigmatic Fungi With a Turbulent Taxonomic History☆ Danny Haelewaters, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States; Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Universidad Autónoma ̌ de Chiriquí, David, Panama; and University of South Bohemia, Ceské Budejovice,̌ Czech Republic Michał Gorczak, University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland Patricia Kaishian, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States and State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, United States André De Kesel, Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium Meredith Blackwell, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States and University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States r 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. From Roland Thaxter to the Present: Synergy Among Mycologists, Entomologists, Parasitologists Laboulbeniales were discovered in the middle of the 19th century, rather late in mycological history (Anonymous, 1849; Rouget, 1850; Robin, 1852, 1853; Mayr, 1853). After their discovery and eventually their recognition as fungi, occasional reports increased species numbers and broadened host ranges and geographical distributions; however, it was not until the fundamental work of Thaxter (1896, 1908, 1924, 1926, 1931), who made numerous collections but also acquired infected insects from correspondents, that the Laboulbeniales became better known among mycologists and entomologists. Thaxter set the stage for progress by describing a remarkable number of taxa: 103 genera and 1260 species. Fewer than 25 species of Pyxidiophora in the Pyxidiophorales are known. Many have been collected rarely, often described from single collections and never encountered again. They probably are more common and diverse than known collections indicate, but their rapid development in hidden habitats and difficulty of cultivation make species of Pyxidiophora easily overlooked and, thus, underreported (Blackwell and Malloch, 1989a,b; Malloch and Blackwell, 1993; Jacobs et al., 2005; Gams and Arnold, 2007).
  • Fungi of the Bitterfeld Amber Forest

    Fungi of the Bitterfeld Amber Forest

    54 EDGG, Heft 249 – Bitterfelder Bernstein –Exkursionsführer Schmidt, A. R., Dörfelt, H., Grabenhorst, H., Tuovila, H. & Rikkinen, J. (2013): Fungi of the Bitterfeld amber forest. – Exkurs.f. und Veröfftl. DGG, 249: S. 54-60, 13 Abb.; Hannover. Fungi of the Bitterfeld amber forest Alexander R. Schmidt1, Heinrich Dörfelt2, Heinrich Grabenhorst3, Hanna Tuovila4, Jouko Rikkinen4 1 Courant Research Centre Geobiology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077, Göttingen, Germany, [email protected] 2 Mikrobielle Phytopathologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Neugasse 25, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Heinrich. [email protected] 3 Nachtigallenweg 9, D-29342 Wienhausen, Germany, [email protected] 4 Department of Biosciences, P.O. Box 65, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland, [email protected], jrik- [email protected] Summary Fossilien bestehen aus dunklen kettenartigen Fila- menten, die denen von Vertretern der Gattung Meta- Fungi have only rarely been reported from Bitterfeld capnodium ähneln, jedoch aus septierten Einheiten amber, and only four taxa, Chaenothecopsis bitter- aufgebaut sind. Ihr Wachstum erfolgt zudem nicht feldensis, Chaenothecopsis aff. proliferatus, Metacap- apikal sondern durch interkalare konidiogene Zellen. nodium succinum, and Stigmatomyces succini, have Die Beziehung der Fossilien zur rezenten Gattung been published, so far. This situation recently changed Torula Pers. bleibt aufgrund der Merkmalsarmut der due to the discovery of a plethora of new fungal inclu- Fossilien ungeklärt. sions from private amber collections which shows that fungi (including lichen-forming ascomycetes) from Bitterfelder Bernstein beherbergt den einzigen Nach- Bitterfeld amber are much more abundant than pre- weis der Klasse der Laboulbeniomyceten, einer hoch- viously recognized. Here, we provide an overview of spezialisierten Entwicklungslinie, die ektoparasitisch the systematics and ecological diversity of fungi that auf Arthropoden lebt.
  • A Higher-Level Phylogenetic Classification of the Fungi

    A Higher-Level Phylogenetic Classification of the Fungi

    mycological research 111 (2007) 509–547 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/mycres A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi David S. HIBBETTa,*, Manfred BINDERa, Joseph F. BISCHOFFb, Meredith BLACKWELLc, Paul F. CANNONd, Ove E. ERIKSSONe, Sabine HUHNDORFf, Timothy JAMESg, Paul M. KIRKd, Robert LU¨ CKINGf, H. THORSTEN LUMBSCHf, Franc¸ois LUTZONIg, P. Brandon MATHENYa, David J. MCLAUGHLINh, Martha J. POWELLi, Scott REDHEAD j, Conrad L. SCHOCHk, Joseph W. SPATAFORAk, Joost A. STALPERSl, Rytas VILGALYSg, M. Catherine AIMEm, Andre´ APTROOTn, Robert BAUERo, Dominik BEGEROWp, Gerald L. BENNYq, Lisa A. CASTLEBURYm, Pedro W. CROUSl, Yu-Cheng DAIr, Walter GAMSl, David M. GEISERs, Gareth W. GRIFFITHt,Ce´cile GUEIDANg, David L. HAWKSWORTHu, Geir HESTMARKv, Kentaro HOSAKAw, Richard A. HUMBERx, Kevin D. HYDEy, Joseph E. IRONSIDEt, Urmas KO˜ LJALGz, Cletus P. KURTZMANaa, Karl-Henrik LARSSONab, Robert LICHTWARDTac, Joyce LONGCOREad, Jolanta MIA˛ DLIKOWSKAg, Andrew MILLERae, Jean-Marc MONCALVOaf, Sharon MOZLEY-STANDRIDGEag, Franz OBERWINKLERo, Erast PARMASTOah, Vale´rie REEBg, Jack D. ROGERSai, Claude ROUXaj, Leif RYVARDENak, Jose´ Paulo SAMPAIOal, Arthur SCHU¨ ßLERam, Junta SUGIYAMAan, R. Greg THORNao, Leif TIBELLap, Wendy A. UNTEREINERaq, Christopher WALKERar, Zheng WANGa, Alex WEIRas, Michael WEISSo, Merlin M. WHITEat, Katarina WINKAe, Yi-Jian YAOau, Ning ZHANGav aBiology Department, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA bNational Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information,
  • Laboulbeniales on Semiaquatic Hemiptera. V. Triceromyces Richard K

    Laboulbeniales on Semiaquatic Hemiptera. V. Triceromyces Richard K

    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 11 | Issue 3 Article 2 1986 Laboulbeniales on semiaquatic Hemiptera. V. Triceromyces Richard K. Benjamin Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Benjamin, Richard K. (1986) "Laboulbeniales on semiaquatic Hemiptera. V. Triceromyces," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 11: Iss. 3, Article 2. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol11/iss3/2 ALISO 11(3), 1986, pp. 245-278 LABOULBENIALES ON SEMIAQUATIC HEMIPTERA. V. TRICEROMYCES: WITH A DESCRIPTION OF MONOECIOUS-DIOECIOUS DIMORPHISM IN THE GENUS RICHARD K. BENJAMIN Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Claremont, California 91711 ABSTRACf Six species of Triceromyces (Laboulbeniales), including the type, T. balazucii (on Hebridae), parasitic on semiaquatic Hemiptera, were studied at the light-microscopic level. Descriptions are provided for all of the taxa, and features of developmental morphology are described, compared, and illustrated with photographs and line drawings. Four species are described as new: T. hebri (on Hebridae), T. hydrometrae (on Hydrometridae), and T. bi/ormis and T. bullatus (on MesoveJiidae). The species growing on Hebridae and Hydrometridae are monoecious. The two species on Mesoveliidae develop monoecious and dioecious morphs, which occur together on the same host individual. This phenom­ enon is recognized and described for the first time in the Laboulbeniales. Two species, Autophagomyces poissonii and Dioicomyces mesoveliae, previously described from a species ofMesoveliidae, are shown to represent the monoecious and dioecious forms of a species of Triceromyces and are transferred to this genus as T.
  • Myrmecophily of Maculinea Butterflies in the Carpathian Basin (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

    Myrmecophily of Maculinea Butterflies in the Carpathian Basin (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

    ettudom sz án é y m ológia i r n i é e h K c a s T e r T Myrmecophily of Maculinea butterflies in the Carpathian Basin (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) A Maculinea boglárkalepkék mirmekofíliája a Kárpát- medencében (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) PhD Thesis Tartally András Department of Evolutionary Zoology and Human Biology University of Debrecen Debrecen, 2008. Ezen értekezést a Debreceni Egyetem TTK Biológia Tudományok Doktori Iskola Biodiverzitás programja keretében készítettem a Debreceni Egyetem TTK doktori (PhD) fokozatának elnyerése céljából. Debrecen, 2008.01.07. Tartally András Tanúsítom, hogy Tartally András doktorjelölt 2001-2005 között a fent megnevezett Doktori Iskola Biodiverzitás programjának keretében irányításommal végezte munkáját. Az értekezésben foglalt eredményekhez a jelölt önálló alkotó tevékenységével meghatározóan hozzájárult. Az értekezés elfogadását javaslom. Debrecen, 2008.01.07. Dr. Varga Zoltán egyetemi tanár In memory of my grandparents Table of contents 1. Introduction......................................................................................... 9 1.1. Myrmecophily of Maculinea butterflies........................................................ 9 1.2. Why is it important to know the local host ant species?.............................. 9 1.3. The aim of this study.................................................................................... 10 2. Materials and Methods..................................................................... 11 2.1. Taxonomy and nomenclature.....................................................................
  • Irish Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Distribution, Conservation and Functional Relationships

    Irish Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Distribution, Conservation and Functional Relationships

    Irish Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Distribution, Conservation and Functional Relationships Submitted by: Dipl. Biol. Robin Niechoj Supervisor: Prof. John Breen Submitted in accordance with the academic requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick Limerick, April 2011 Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis and that it has not been submitted for any other academic award. References and acknowledgements have been made, where necessary, to the work of others. Signature: Date: Robin Niechoj Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Limerick ii Acknowledgements/Danksagung I wish to thank: Dr. John Breen for his supervision, encouragement and patience throughout the past 5 years. His infectious positive attitude towards both work and life was and always will be appreciated. Dr. Kenneth Byrne and Dr. Mogens Nielsen for accepting to examine this thesis, all the CréBeo team for advice, corrections of the report and Dr. Olaf Schmidt (also) for verification of the earthworm identification, Dr. Siobhán Jordan and her team for elemental analyses, Maria Long and Emma Glanville (NPWS) for advice, Catherine Elder for all her support, including fieldwork and proof reading, Dr. Patricia O’Flaherty and John O’Donovan for help with the proof reading, Robert Hutchinson for his help with the freeze-drying, and last but not least all the staff and postgraduate students of the Department of Life Sciences for their contribution to my work. Ich möchte mich bedanken bei: Katrin Wagner für ihre Hilfe im Labor, sowie ihre Worte der Motivation.

  • Ectoparasitic Fungi Rickia Wasmannii Infection Is Associated with Smaller

    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Ectoparasitic fungi Rickia wasmannii infection is associated with smaller body size in Myrmica ants Sándor Csősz1,2, Zoltán Rádai3, András Tartally4, Lilla Erika Ballai4 & Ferenc Báthori1,4* Parasitism-generated negative efects on ant societies are multifaceted, implying individual and colony-level responses. Though laboratory based evidence shows that the sublethal fungus Rickia wasmannii is responsible for physiological and behavioral responses that may negatively afect individual workers’ resilience and life expectancy in Myrmica ant workers, colony-level stress response to this parasite is largely unknown. Here, we focus on understanding of a long-term, colony-level efect of Rickia infection on Myrmica scabrinodis ant populations by tracking trait size-based changes. We collected worker specimens from infected and uninfected colonies from the same population in order to: (1) compare body size in response to parasitism, (2) assess the extent to which possible changes in size are associated with the severity of infection, and (3) investigate shifts in body size in response to infection over time by testing correlation of workers’ ages and sizes. We found that workers from infected colonies were signifcantly smaller than their healthy congeners, but neither infection level nor the age of the workers showed signifcant correlation with the size in infected colonies. Decreasing body sizes in infected colonies can be ascribed to workers’ mediated efect toward developing larvae, which are unable to attain the average body size before they pupate. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), the most widespread social organisms on Earth, attract an amazing diver- sity of parasitic organisms, such as viruses1, bacteria2, fungi3,4, and an array of uni- and multicellular animal organisms5,6.
  • Cupulomyces, a New Genus of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based on Stigmatomyces Lasiochili Richard K

    Cupulomyces, a New Genus of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based on Stigmatomyces Lasiochili Richard K

    Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 13 | Issue 2 Article 7 1992 Cupulomyces, A New Genus of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based on Stigmatomyces Lasiochili Richard K. Benjamin Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Benjamin, Richard K. (1992) "Cupulomyces, A New Genus of Laboulbeniales (Asomycetes) Based on Stigmatomyces Lasiochili," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 13: Iss. 2, Article 7. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol13/iss2/7 ALISO 13(2), 1992, pp. 355-364 CUPULOMYCES, A NEW GENUS OF LABOULBENIALES (ASCOMYCETES) BASED ON STIGMATOMYCES LASIOCHILI RICHARD K. BENJAMIN Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Claremont, California 91711 ABSTRACT A new genus of Laboulbeniales, Cupulomyces, is described. Its type species, C. lasiochili, is based on Stigmatomyces lasiochili, originally described by Roland Thaxter in I 917. This taxon subsequently has been classified in two other genera, H esperomyces and Acompsomyces. Structure and development of the thallus of C. lasiochili are described and illustrated with photographs and line drawings. Dis­ tinctive features of the receptacle, appendage, and perithecium warrant recognition of a new genus. Key words: Acompsomyces, Ascomycetes, Cupulomyces, fungi, Hesperomyces, Heteroptera, insect parasites, Laboulbeniales, morphology, Stigmatomyces, taxonomy. INTRODUCTION Stigmatomyces lasiochili Thaxter was found on a terrestrial bug, Lasiochilus pal/idulus Reut. (order: Heteroptera; suborder: Cimicomorpha; superfamily: Ci­ micoidea; family: Anthocoridae [Henry 1988]), collected in Grenada, West Indies (Thaxter 191 7). This fungus is one of the relatively few Laboulbeniales known on Heteroptera (see summary in Benjamin [1986]) and the only one that has been found on a member of the Anthocoridae.