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E-291 VOL. 2 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT/2000 FOR Public Disclosure Authorized YANGTZEDYKE STRENGTHENING PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MARCH2000 Public Disclosure Authorized ResearchInstitute for YangtzeWater Resources Protection With assistancefrom: HunanWater Conservancy& Hydropower Survey & DesignInstitute HubeiWater Conservancy & Hydropower Survey & DesignInstitute YBFCP/EIAFINAL REPORT CHAPTER 2: PROJECTDESCRIPTION CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION TABLE OF CONTENTS: TEXT 2.1 Project Background 2.1.1Yangtze River and Flooding 2.1.2 MasterPlan for YangtzeBasin Development 2.1.3 Need for YBFCP 2.2 Project Components 2.2.1 Dyke Rehabilitation 2.2.2 Resettlement 2.3 Environmental Protection Measures 2.4 Construction Program 2.4.1 Construction Layouts 2.4.2 Construction Methods for Main Items 2.4.3 Construction Schedule 2.4.4 Summary of Construction Program 2.5 Comparison of Altematives 2.5.1 Non-project Alternative 2.5.2 Other AlternativesConsidered 2-.6Economic Analysis of Project 2.6.1 Introduction 2.6.2 Project Budget 2.6.3 Benefit-Cost Analysis 2.7 Project Management 2.7.1 Introduction 2.7.2 Establishment of Institutions 2.7.3 Project Management 2.7.4 TechnicalManagement 2.7.5 Financial Management 2.8 Summary and Conclusions FIGURES Figure 2.2-1 Project Area Figure 2.2-2 Sub-project in Hubei Figure 2.2-3 Sub-project in Hunan Figure 2.2-4 Typical Resettlement Area in Hunan Figure 2.4-1 Sketch-map of Typical Dyke Section Figure 2.7-1 Sketch-map of Project Management System TABLES Table 2. 1-1 Condition of Dykes Involved in Project Table2.2-1 Project Componentsand ProtectedArea Table 2.2-2 Summaries of the Main Quantities of Work of Project Table 2.2-3 Sunmmaryof Property Losses Result from Relocation 2-i YBFCP/EIAFINAL REPORT CHAPTER2: PROJECTDESCRIPTION Table 2.4-1 ConstructionSchedule Table 2.6-1 Summary of Economic Analysisof Project Table 2.8-1 Sunmmariesof Project Characteristics ANNEX A REFERENCES Reference reports and documents 101 "Report on Key Points of ComprehensiveUtilization Planning for the YangtzeBasin", CWRC, December, 1988 103 "Recommendationon Yangtze Main Dyke Rehabilitation in Hubei", Hubei Instituie for Survey and Design of WaterConservancy and Electric Power Project, May, 1999 104 "Recommendation on Yangtze Main Dyke Rehabilitation in Hunan", Hunan Institute for survey and design of water conservancyand electric power project, March, 1999 105 "Implementation Program of Yangtze Main Dyke Rehabilitation Project of Hubei Province in Application for Loan from the World Bank (draft)", Hunan Institute for Survey and Design of WaterConservancy and Electric Power Project, June, 1999 106 "Study Report on Feasibility of Rehabilitationof the Yangtze Main Dyke in Hunan" and its attachment, Hubei Institute for Survey and Design of Water Conservancy and Electric Power Project,May, 1999. 107 "Study Report on Feasibility of Rehabilitationof the Yangtze's Main Dyke in Jiangxi" and Its Attachment, "Drawings Book", Jiangxi Institute for Planning and Design of WaterResource Project, May, 1999 111 "Study Report on Feasibility of Rehabilitationof the Yangtze's Jingnan Main Dyke in Hubei", ChangjiangAcademy, CWRC, December, 1998 123 "Implementation Program for Resettlement of the Yangtze River Dyke Rehabilitation Sub-project in Hunan", Hunan Institute for Survey and Design of Water Conservancyand Electric Power Project, June,1999 130 "Implementation Program of Yangtze Main Dyke Rehabilitation Project of Hubei Province in Application for Loan from the World Bank", Hunan Institute for Survey and Design of Water Conservancyand ElectricPower Project, March, 2000 131 "Resettlement Action Plan of Yangtze Main Dyke Rehabilitation Project of Hubei Province in Application for Loan from the World Bank", Hunan Institute for Survey and Design of Water Conservancyand ElectricPower Project, March, 2000 132 "Findings of benefit-cost analysis of project", Mr.Colin Green, the World Bank economic expert, March, 2000 412 "Cost Composition and Calculation Standard for Budget Estimation of Water Resources and Hydropower Development", Ministry of Water Resources of P.R.C., January, 1998 4 13 "Ration for Costs Per workingDay of MachinesUsed in Constructionof Water Resources and Hydroelectric Power Project", Ministry of Energy & Ministry of Water Resourcesof P.R.C., 1991 2-ii YBFCP/EIA DRAFT FINAL CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Project Background The Yangtze River, 6,300 km in length, with its basin covering 1.80 million km2 of acreage, is the biggest river in China. It annually discharges 960 billion m3 of water into the East sea. The Yangtze basin covers the East, Central and Southwest China, with a favorable climate and rich resources. With gross output value of industry and agriculture accountingfor about 40% of the Nation's total, the basin is one of the most economicallydeveloped and most importantregions of China. Flooding is frequent in the Yangtze river basin. Flood disasters are usually widely distributed in the basin. Especially,the 126,000 km2 of plains area in the middle and lower basins frequentlysuffer from serious flood and waterlog damages as the ground elevations there are commonly several to more than 10 meters lower than the flood water levels. These flood disasters occur with the frequencyof once in every ten years. These historical deluges have caused huge losses to people's property and lives, serious damages to the local ecology and environment, which seriously restricts the development of economy. For this reason, flood control has always been the first task for the basin improvementand development. The characteristics of the Yangtze flooding phenomena are rather complicated. The maximum flood peak discharge is not only related to the scope, intensity, moving direction of the rainstorm, but also the timing and distribution of local floods in various parts of the river systems.The regionalcomposition of floods is quite different in different years because of the variation of rainstorm distribution.There are mainly two types of floods that usually cause damages in the basin. Flood of the first type occurred in 1860, 1870 and 1935. These are caused by extra-high rainstorms in some reaches of the mainstream and some tributaries. This type of flood is usually huge in discharge and high in peak level. The second, such as occurred in 1931, 1954 and 1998, is caused by basin-wide rainstorm where floods in the tributaries are similar to that of the mainstream. In order to solve the flood problem in the Yangtze middle and lower reaches, Changjiang (Yangtze) Water Resources Commission (CWRC) of the Ministry of Water Resources of PRC compiled a report, "Summary Report on Comprehensive Utilization Planning for the Yangtze Basin" [Ref.102], in 1990, which was subsequentlyapproved by the State Council. The Report points out that flood control in the middle-and-lower reaches of the Yangtze should follow the principles of considering flood release and storage at the same time. Releasing ranks first because this is beneficial to flood control both in the rivers and the lakes, both the banks, and both the upstream and the downstream. These measures include: properly raising and rehabilitating the bodies of the dykes; hamessing the river channel; planning and constructing diversion areas; and constructing reservoirs on the Yangtze mainstream and its tributaries. In addition, the provinces along the Yangtze, mainly Hunan and Jiangxi, have been carrying a special program for enlargingthe diversion capabilities of the "flood storage lakes", such as Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake, and for 2-1 YBFCP/EIA DRAFT FINAL CHAPTER 2: PROJECT DESCRIPTION alleviating flooding damages to some 900,000 "Embankment People", i.e., those people living and farming in area in the Lakes and outside the dykes (between dykes and embankments), which are subject to serious flooding. This program includes provisions for permanent resettlement of some of these peoples and for other temporary resettlement at time of flooding with provision for them to continue farming in the flood-hazard areas at times of no-flooding. After these measures are taken, flood control for the middle and lower reaches can be properly solved, with the Yangtze Three Gorges reservoir playing the role of the backbone, adding the reservoirs, diversion works, river channel improvement and non-engineering flood control measures. In the overall system, dyke construction is one of the most important measures to tackle the flood problem in the Yangtze middle and lower reaches. As shown in Figure 2.1-1, Hubei, and Hunan provinces are located in the Yangtze middle and lower basin. The Yangtze main-stem dykes in the two provinces have existed for thousands of years. For example, the Jingnan main dyke of the sub-project of Hubei was originally constructed about 300 AD. However, these provisions for flood prevention has not been very adequate, although raising and rehabilitation of levees have been implemented several times. Although flood emergency measures were implementedduring the 1998 deluge, heavy costs have also been paid. The 1988 deluge revealed that there are many obvious and hidden defects in the bodies and bases of dykes, which need urgent treatment. Justafter the 1998deluge, a seriesof policieswere timely put forwardin StateCouncil for needs for floodcontrol improvements learned from the deluge,among which is thisproject. In orderto implementthe policy,the State Commissionof Planninghas put this projectinto its executive plan,including an
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