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Speed Skating
Speed Skating About the Tutorial Speed Skating is a sport which is played on ice and the players race with each other by travelling through a certain distance. Since the sport is played across the globe, it has a huge popularity. It is termed as the most exciting sport in Olympics. In this brief tutorial, we will discuss the basics of Speed Skating, along with its rules and playing techniques. Audience This tutorial is meant for anyone who wants to play Speed Skating. It is prepared keeping in mind that the reader is unaware about the basics of the sport. It is a basic guide to help a beginner understand this sport. Prerequisites Before proceeding with this tutorial, you are required to have a passion for Speed Skating and an eagerness to acquire knowledge on the same. Copyright & Disclaimer Copyright 2016 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute, or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent of the publisher. We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness, or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at [email protected] 1 Speed Skating Table of Contents About the Tutorial ..................................................................................................................................................... -
John's Cool Bike
Q. How much did it cost? Above seat steering looks more conventional, but USS Q. Are recumbents hard to see? bents are really no more difficult to control. The choice A. About $30 a pound. A. On a recumbent you do sit lower than on a traditional is really one of personal preference. I started with above diamond frame bike, but since you’re upright rather than Actually, recumbents start at around $600 and can go as seat steering on the Linear LWB and hated it! It didn’t hunched over the handlebars, it’s not as much lower as high as you want to pay. Because of their low production feel like riding a bike. I converted to under seat you might think. I can see over the tops of cars, but not volumes, a recumbent tends to be a little more expensive steering—I like it a lot better. vans (same as any other bike). And, since bents are than a comparable mass-produced upright bike. Q. Is it comfortable? unusual and futuristic, they are noticed. Q. How fast does it go? A. It’s great! No more sore butt, stiff neck or sore wrists Some recumbent riders feel the need to make themselves A. Just like any other bike, it goes as fast as you pedal it. and arms. more visible. Some add a flag to their bike on an In my experience, it’s the rider, not the bike, that extended rod, and some wear a bright helmet or determines how fast a bicycle goes. And recumbents use Recumbents seats are larger and you actually sit in the jacket/vest. -
Australian Adaptive Mountain Biking Guidelines
AUSTRALIAN ADAPTIVE MOUNTAIN BIKING GUIDELINES A detailed guide to help land managers, trail builders, event directors, mountain bike clubs, charities and associations develop inclusive mountain bike trails, events and programs for people with disabilities in Australia. Australian Adaptive Mountain Biking Guidelines AUSTRALIAN ADAPTIVE MOUNTAIN BIKING GUIDELINES Version 1.0.0 Proudly supported and published by: Mountain Bike Australia Queensland Government Acknowledgements: The authors of this document acknowledge the contribution of volunteers in the preparation and development of the document’s content. The authors would also like to extend their gratitude to the following contributors: Denise Cox (Mountain Bike Australia), Talya Wainstein, Clinton Beddall, Richard King, Cameron McGavin and Ivan Svenson (Kalamunda Mountain Bike Collective). Photography by Kerry Halford, Travis Deane, Emily Dimozantos, Matt Devlin and Leanne Rees. Editing and Graphics by Ripe Designs Graphics by Richard Morrell COPYRIGHT 2018: © BREAK THE BOUNDARY INC. This document is copyright protected apart from any use as permitted under the Australian Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Author. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction should be addressed to the Author at www.breaktheboundary.com Fair-use policy By using this document, the user agrees to this fair-use policy. This document is a paid publication and as such only for use by the said paying person, members and associates of mountain bike and adaptive sporting communities, clubs, groups or associations. Distribution or duplication is strictly prohibited without the written consent of the Author. The license includes online access to the latest revision of this document and resources at no additional cost and can be obtained from: www.breaktheboundary.com Hard copies can be obtained from: www.mtba.asn.au 3 Australian Adaptive Mountain Biking Guidelines Australian Adaptive Mountain Biking Guidelines CONTENTS 1. -
Life Time Tri Official Rules Book
2021 Rules Book Introduction / Rules Summary What’s New / General Athlete Conduct Transition Area Conduct Swimming Conduct Cycling Conduct Cycling & Helmet Requirements Running Conduct Finish Line Policy Penalty Assessment / Protests, Appeals Registration Restrictions, Categories & Suspensions Paratriathlete Rules Professional Rules Abbreviated Rules / Disclaimer 2021 RULESSUMMARY Penalty Card Safety and fairness remain paramount to Life Time Triathlon and When a penalty is being portions of the Officiating Program were redesigned to better educate the issued (and when deemed entire field of athletes while also applying better global standards across safe along the course), the sport. A highlight of these rules is noted below, with a full set of the Official will call out rules and descriptions identified under separate cover. Athletes are the athlete’s race number highly encouraged to review these in detail to ensure a successful and present this black and race experience. white penalty card. On-site Presence Penalty Tent A full team of Race Officials will be on-site and integrated with Athletes receiving a athletes throughout the entire weekend - from Packet Pick-Up to penalty will be Transition and through the Awards Ceremony. instructed to stop at a Penalty Tent, located on the Run Course. Athletes receiving a Wetsuit Temperatures penalty must check-in here to serve their 3- Legal wetsuit temperatures are now relative to one of two minute time penalty. athlete “divisions,” originally selected Other Common Rules during registration. • Be a good sportsman. Always. ”Recreational” division • Don’t endanger anyone, including yourself. participants may wear • Cell phones, headphones and cameras are wetsuits in waters up to not allowed during the race. -
Intro to Track Cycling
Introduction to Track Cycling What to Expect and How to Upgrade Photo: Snowy Mountain Photography Track cycling history ¨ Track racing dates back to the late 1800s and 6-day racing events Velodrome basics ¨ Velodromes can range from less than 200 meters to over 500 meters in length ¨ Wood, concrete, and asphalt 2012 London Olympic Velodrome are common surface materials ¨ Current Olympic velodrome standard is a wood indoor 250 meter velodrome with banking of around 45 degrees ¨ Ed Rudolph Velodrome (aka Northbrook) is a 382 meter asphalt velodrome with banking of around 20 degrees Ed Rudolph Velodrome What are the colored lines on the track? ¨ The ”blue band” or “cote d’azur” marks the track’s inside boundary. Racers may not ride on or below this band. The area below the blue band extending to the grass is called the “apron.” ¨ The black “measurement line” is used to measure the distance around the track. When doing pursuits or time trials, use this line as a guide. ¨ The red “sprinter’s line” defines the border of the sprint lane. The leading rider in this lane is said to “own the lane” and may only be passed by a rider going over on the right. NO PASSING BELOW RIDERS IN THE SPRINTERS LANE. Additionally once a sprint is engaged, a racer who is leading and in the sprinter’s lane can not leave it. ¨ The uppermost blue line is the “stayer’s line” or the relief line. It marks the boundary between faster and slower traffic, with the faster riders below the line and the slower “relief” riders above the line. -
Adaptive Equipment
Inclusion/Adaptive Recreation is making our adaptive recreation equipment available for Reno, NV 89505 P.O. Box 1900 Parks, Recreation & Community Services City of Reno rent (sport wheelchairs, roller sledges, bowling ramp, handcycles, etc.). Renting makes it affordable for participants to try before they ADAPTIVE buy, be a weekend warrior, gain skills, and be EQUIPMENT involved in more than one sport. RENTAL EQUIPMENT PROGRAM RENTAL PrograM • Rental fee must be paid in advance. The daily fee is $10, weekend fee is $25 and full week fee is $50. • A valid credit card is required, and its image will be held to make repairs on damaged, lost or stolen equipment, if necessary. Renter is responsible for replacement and repair costs. • The renter agrees to be the sole authorized user of the equipment. What do you do when you want to play • Release Agreement will be read and but don’t have the toys? YOU RENT! signed prior to leaving the premises. Release Agreement requires signature of CITY OF RENO either parents or legal guardian if renter Parks, Recreation and Community Services is under the age of 18 or not their own Parks, Recreation & Community Services Inclusion/Adaptive Recreation Office guardian. 1301 Valley Road Reno, NV 89512 • Renter must be at least one-year (775) 333-7765 post injury and must be their own legal www.reno.gov/parksandrec guardian if over the age of 18. March 2012 RENO TOP END EXCELERATOR HANDCYCLE HASE SPORTS WHEELCHAIR FREEWHEEL If you want a great way to exercise, cross-train or TRETS TRAILER Designed with the help of Sunrise This durable, just have fun, the Invacare Top End Excelerator Kids are naturally Medical’s elite wheelchair lightweight (under 5 handcycle is what you need. -
Speed Skating Canada's Long-Term Athlete Development
LTAD_english_cover.qxp 10/13/2006 10:36 AM Page 1 LTAD_english_cover.qxp 10/13/2006 10:37 AM Page 3 Speed Skating Canada’s Long-Term Athlete Development Plan Table of Contents 2......Glossary of Terms 5......Introduction 6......Overview 6......Shortcomings and Consequences 7......LTAD Framework 8......10 Key Factors Influencing LTAD 8......The Rule of 10 9 .....The FUNdamentals 9......Specialization 10 ....Developmental Age 12....Trainability 14 ....Physical, Mental, Cognitive, and Emotional Development 14 ....Periodization 15....Calendar Planning for Competition 16....System Alignment and Integration 16....Continuous Improvement 17....Speed Skating Canada Stages of LTAD 17....FUNdamentals- Basic Movement Skills 19 ....Learning to Train 22....Training to Train 27....Learning to Compete 32....Training to Compete 36....Learning to Win 36....Training to Win 41....Implementation 42....Appendix 1 Physical, Mental, Cognitive, and Emotional Development Characteristics 48....Appendix 2 Speed Skating LTAD Overview layout 49....Appendix 3 Speed Skating Canada’s Current Canadian Age Class Categories 52....References 52....Credits 1 Glossary of Terms Adaptation refers to a response to a stimulus or a series of stimuli that induces functional and/or morphological changes in the organism. Naturally, the level or degree of adaptation is dependent on the genetical endowment of an individual. However, the general trends or patterns of adaptation are identified by physiological research, and guidelines are clearly delineated of the various adaptation processes, such as adaptation to muscular endurance or maximum strength. Adolescence is a difficult period to define in terms of the time of its onset and termination. During this period, most Photo Credit: Shawn Holman bodily systems become adult both structurally and functionally. -
Gender Difference in Cycling Speed and Age of Winning Performers in Ultra-Cycling - the 508-Mile ”Furnace Creek” from 1983 to 2012
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2015 Gender difference in cycling speed and age of winning performers in ultra-cycling - the 508-mile ”Furnace Creek” from 1983 to 2012 Rüst, Christoph Alexander ; Rosemann, Thomas ; Lepers, Romuald ; Knechtle, Beat Abstract: We analysed (i) the gender difference in cycling speed and (ii) the age of winning performers in the 508-mile ”Furnace Creek 508”. Changes in cycling speeds and gender differences from 1983 to 2012 were analysed using linear, non-linear and hierarchical multi-level regression analyses for the annual three fastest women and men. Cycling speed increased non-linearly in men from 14.6 (s = 0.3) km · h(-1) (1983) to 27.1 (s = 0.7) km · h(-1) (2012) and non-linearly in women from 11.0 (s = 0.3) km · h(-1) (1984) to 24.2 (s = 0.2) km · h(-1) (2012). The gender difference in cycling speed decreased linearly from 26.2 (s = 0.5)% (1984) to 10.7 (s = 1.9)% (2012). The age of winning performers increased from 26 (s = 2) years (1984) to 43 (s = 11) years (2012) in women and from 33 (s = 6) years (1983) to 50 (s = 5) years (2012) in men. To summarise, these results suggest that (i) women will be able to narrow the gender gap in cycling speed in the near future in an ultra-endurance cycling race such as the ”Furnace Creek 508” due to the linear decrease in gender difference and (ii) the maturity of these athletes has changed during the last three decades where winning performers become older and faster across years. -
USA Triathlon Competitive Rules
USA Triathlon Competitive Rules The Competitive Rules are intended to provide for the orderly and consistent administration of events sanctioned by USA Triathlon and are not designed to establish standards of care for the safety of participants or other persons. Every participant, official, volunteer and spectator should consider all safety issues and make related decisions prudently without reliance upon the Competitive Rules. USA Triathlon makes no express or implied warranty, guarantee, or representation regarding the degree of safety, which may or may not result from compliance with the Competitive Rules. Examinations or inspections of equipment at sanctioned events are undertaken solely to monitor compliance with the Competitive Rules and do not guarantee or ensure safety from personal injury or property damage. The safety of race equipment is the sole responsibility of each and every participant. Italicized sections of these Competitive Rules shall apply to those athletes holding an elite license at any event with a minimum cash prize purse of $5000.00. An event with a minimum $5000.00 prize purse must limit the Elite Division to athletes holding a USAT Elite License or an elite license from an ITU member federation. All individual prize money is reserved for the Elite Division. Article I Scope, Purpose and Construction 1.1 Scope. These Competitive Rules ("Rules") are adopted by USA Triathlon and govern the administration of all races and events sanctioned by USA Triathlon. These Rules are binding on all members of USA Triathlon and all persons who enter or participate in any event sanctioned by USA Triathlon. 1.2 Purpose. -
Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance Hamish A
Ferguson et al. Sports Medicine - Open (2021) 7:20 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-021-00310-0 REVIEW ARTICLE Open Access Using Field Based Data to Model Sprint Track Cycling Performance Hamish A. Ferguson1* , Chris Harnish2 and J. Geoffrey Chase1 Abstract Cycling performance models are used to study rider and sport characteristics to better understand performance determinants and optimise competition outcomes. Performance requirements cover the demands of competition a cyclist may encounter, whilst rider attributes are physical, technical and psychological characteristics contributing to performance. Several current models of endurance-cycling enhance understanding of performance in road cycling and track endurance, relying on a supply and demand perspective. However, they have yet to be developed for sprint-cycling, with current athlete preparation, instead relying on measures of peak-power, speed and strength to assess performance and guide training. Peak-power models do not adequately explain the demands of actual competition in events over 15-60 s, let alone, in World-Championship sprint cycling events comprising several rounds to medal finals. Whilst there are no descriptive studies of track-sprint cycling events, we present data from physiological interventions using track cycling and repeated sprint exercise research in multiple sports, to elucidate the demands of performance requiring several maximal sprints over a competition. This review will show physiological and power meter data, illustrating the role of all energy pathways in sprint performance. This understanding highlights the need to focus on the capacity required for a given race and over an event, and therefore the recovery needed for each subsequent race, within and between races, and how optimal pacing can be used to enhance performance. -
BICYCLE RACING Road Racing - TOUR DE FRANCE BIGGIST, HARDEST and MOST PRESTEGIOUS BIKE RACE in the WORLD • 21 DAYS • 2000+ MILES • SINCE 1903
BICYCLE RACING Road racing - TOUR DE FRANCE BIGGIST, HARDEST AND MOST PRESTEGIOUS BIKE RACE IN THE WORLD • 21 DAYS • 2000+ MILES • SINCE 1903 Each year the course changes • 20 Stages Regular road stage (mass start - 16) Team time trial (1) Individual time trial (3) • Lowest overall time wins • Race is a team competition Peloton (pack) – mass start stage race INDIVIDIAL TIME TRIAL • Start 1 racer at the time with 2 min intervals • no drafting allowed • special aerodynamic bike, suite and helmet TEAM TIME TRIAL AERODYNAMICS AERODYNAMIC DRAG • Air pressure drag • Direct friction Rider can safe up to 40% of energy by drafting behind other riders Mountain bike racing Cyclo-cross The original two cycling disciplines – Road race and Track cycling – were included in the first Olympic Games of modern times in Athens in 1896 Olympic medallists Olympic medallists Gold Medallists in the 2000 Olympic Games Gold Medallists in the 2000 Olympic Games Cycling Road Cycling Road Event Athletes Event Athlete Individual Time Men Jan Ullrich, (Germany) s Trial Women Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) Individ Men Jan Ullrich, (Germany) Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) ual IndividualWomen Men Viacheslav Ekimov (Russia) Road Race Time Women Leontien Van Moorsel Trial (Netherlands) Individ Men Viacheslav Ekimov (Russia) ual Women Leontien Van Moorsel (Netherlands) Road Race Track Cycling Event Athletes 1km Individual Men Jason Queally (Great Britain) Time Trial 500m Individual Women Felicia Ballanger (France) Time Trial Men Marty Nothstein (USA) Sprint Women -
Speed Skating and One in Cycling
TRAINING & EQUIPMENT Olympic Champion and World Record holder Chris Witty has competed in five Olympics, four in speed skating and one in cycling. Her popularity led her to Action photos courtesy US Speedskating being selected as the flag bearer for the US Team during the opening ceromonies of the 2006 Games. Speed Skating With the Stars BY KIM GOSS There’s an important lesson to be learned from watching Olympians train 52 | BIGGER FASTER STRONGER SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2006 hat with the popularity of aerobic equipment and selectorized weight machines, often it’s difficult for Whard-core athletes to find a place to train. One sanctuary for these athletes is the Edge Conditioning Center in Salt Lake City, Utah, which was featured in our May 2005 issue. Because of its assortment of lifting platforms, squat racks, plyo boxes and other athletic essentials, the Edge often attracts some exciting visitors. Among them this summer were several top-caliber speed skaters, one from the US and two from Holland. The most recognizable in this group was former Olympic champion and world record holder Chris Witty, whose popu- larity led to her selection as flag bearer for the 2006 US and may cover the surface with a light coat of wax. Olympic Team. Witty has competed in four Olympics for Popularized by 1980 Olympic champ Eric Heiden, who speed skating (1994, 1998, 2002 and 2008) and in one for won an unprecedented five gold medals in one Games, the slide- cycling (2000). She was joined by two-time Olympian Marieke board has long been a major training tool for speed skaters.