22468 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
DETENTE It is now only too evident that detente bolic of the-universality of the Roman catho· does not imply a relaxation of tension-or Uc Church. effort---so far as the Soviet bloc is concerned. The pastoral sta.11' that was presented to Whatever illusions may have been enter the third archbishop of the Newark Arch HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. tained by Western Europeans-including diocese signified his role as a shepherd of OF VIRGINIA notably former West German Chancellor the church, the ecclesiastical acknowledge Willy Brandt--they have long since been ment of the responsibility he assumed as the IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES rudely dispelled. spiritual leader of almost two million parish Tuesday, July 9, 1974 The Russians got precisely what they ioners. wanted from Brandt's excursions into Archbishop Gerety brings a broad experi Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi Ostpolitik, including the recognition of East ence of social as well as religious awareness dent, Crosby S. Noyes, foreign affairs Germany and a so-called "security confer to an archdiocese that has undergone drastic analyst for the Washington Star-News, ence" which formally ratified and conse change in recent years. He has been known discussed detente in his piece in the crated Soviet control of Eastern Europe, as a prelate of liberal persuasion, an activist Star-News of Sunday, July 7, 1974. presumably for all time. In return, the Rus with a commitment that predates the emer I ask unanimous consent to print his sians gave not a centimeter on Western de gence of the civil rights movement as an in column captioned "Detente's One-Way mands for a freer exchange of people and strumentality for great social change in the Benefits" in the Extensions of Remarks. ideas across the ideological frontier. United States. It now looks as though the Soviet leaders He is a cleric who epitomizes the changing There being no objection, the column will get just about everything that they was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, role of the Christian church, a :fuller in want from the United States as well. The list volvement that transcends the traditional as follows: of goodies includes subsidized trade and in spiritual meaning and brings the church into [From the Washington Star-News, fusions of technology to bolster the osstfied the community mainstream. July 7, 1974] Russian economy, an arms agreement which, if it lasts, will insure Soviet superiority in As vchbishop of the Newark Archdiocese, DETENTE'S ONE-WAY BENEFITS strategic nuclear weapons, and perhaps his new assignment will entail much greater (By Crosby S. Noyes) eventually a congressionally mandated re responsibility, not only in larger number of The debate in this country over "detente" treat of American military power from parishioners but in the diversity and com with the Soviet Union is hardly getting Western Europe. plexity of problems evident in a widely rep started, but it promises to gain momentum. It is, in short, not at all easy to see why resentative see that includes urban, subur as time goes on. Brezhnev & Co. are all in favor of detente ban and ritual spiritual constituencies. The reason why it has been slow in de and more than happy to encourage the Archbishop Gerety appears to be eminently veloping is that the lines of the debate have notion in the West that the confiict is over qualified to deal with these archdiocesan generally been drawn in utterly simplistic and we can all relax. The result has been to problems in a secular as well as a religious and misleading terms. So far as the adminis yield them dividends that all the years of perspective. There are opportunities in addi tration is concerned, it is largely a matter truculence and militancy failed to produce. tion to great challenges in his new post of of preferring peace to nuclear war. As long It is a good deal less easy to see what the pastoral concern and involvement. as the alternative to detente is implied to be West is getting in return except disaffected an open-ended armaments race with the Bolshoi Ballet dancers and a temporary il Soviet Union and a return to the hardest lusion of security. The debate is likely to confrontations of the Cold War, there is very start in earnest only when people in this RETIREMENT OF DR. LEWIS little to argue about. country begin to realize how much of a DESCm..ER Quite obviously, the avoidance of nuclear one-way proposition detente is turning out war had been an established priority in to be. Soviet-American relations for many years be fore anyone ever heard of detente. To the HON. CARL D. PERKINS extent that an improvement in relations con• CONGRATULATIONS TO THE MOST OF KENTUCKY tributes to this-including regularized sum mit meetings in Moscow and Washington REVEREND PETER LEO GERETY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it is welcomed by virtually all Americans. UPON ms INSTALLATION AS THE Thursday, June 27, 1974 So, no doubt, is the possibility-still some ARCHBISHOP OF NEWARK what theoretical-of being able to agree with Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, it is with the Russians on some sort of reasonable bal great regret that I have heard of the re ance in both nuclear and conventional mili HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. tirement of the Parliamentarian of the tary forces. The record of the latest summit House, Dr. Lewis Deschler. meeting and the interminable negotiations OF NEW JERSEY in Vienna on thinning out military forces in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Over a period of five decades, it has be Central Europe leave the outcome of these come an axiom of House life that Con efforts still very much in question. But most Tuesday, July 9, 1974 gresses come and Congresses go, but Lew reasonable people would agree it is worth Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, on Friday, Deschler goes on forever. the try. June 28, 1974, Peter Leo Gerety was in In an age in which we have received so At the same time, however, there is very little evidence that detente-in the sense of stalled as the third archbishop of New many shocks and temblors, it is doubly a general relaxation of tension-between the ark, N.J. Archbishop Gerety is the suc disappointing to know that this verity of Soviet Union and the West has, in fact, cessor of Archbishop Thomas A. Boland life is crumbling, too. done much to insure the avoidance of nu who is retiring at the age of 78. I join We can well understand the desire of clear war or to promote armaments control. with the over 2 million Roman Catholics Dr. Deschler to Jay aside the enormous And apart from these two objectives, there of the Newark Archdiocese in wishing tasks he has performed so well for so has been no real attempt to define what Archbishop Boland well in his retire long. He has earned honorable retirement positive benefits the United States and its many times over, and we all wish him allies expect to achieve by what is essentially ment, and in congratulating Archbishop a propagandistic slogan, encouraged, strictly Gerety upon assuming the spiritual lead well. for Western consumption, by the Soviet ership of the fourth largest archdiocese This House, from its earliest days, has leaders. in the United States. had a tradition of integrity. For nearly a Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, to be I join New Jersey's Star Ledger news quarter of this Republic's life, the House's sure, talks hopefully of creating what he paper which noted in an editorial on integrity has reposed in the advice and calls a "structure of peace" and President June 29, 1974: rulings which he recommended to the Nixon in Moscow evoked the vision of a Speakers and Members. That is an enor "pattern of interrelationships" t):l.at may FULL COMMITMENT mous span of service, and Mr. Speaker, eventually tend to domesticate and human Peter Leo Gerety has formally assumed the that is an enormous repository of integ ize the Soviet system. But there is no indi spiritual leadership of the Archdiocese of cation that the Soviet leaders share any Newark, the sixth largest in the country. rity. such expectation and plenty of evidence He was installed as archbishop in a liturgi Dr. Deschler has gathered around him that they are exploiting detente for very cal ritual in Sacred Heart Cathedral, an in in the Office of the Parliamentarian a different purposes. vestiture that was warmly and richly sym- fine, loyal, and dedicated group of assist- July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22469 ants. They reflect great credit upon him, At CBS, film on dissidents was transmitted kinds to prevent commercial thefts' and and upon this House, and I know the about twelve minutes later, but the result other crimes. great traditions of fairness, reasonable was the same. "We are not receiving video ... This branch office, set up independently you lost video and audio about 20 seconds in. by the District Attorney, is another example ness, and truth in which this staff is im We lost it on the words "in jail." of involving citizens in the tasks of self mersed will continue its contribution to "There it is-for everyone to see-what government. ward the shaping of the character of the happens when a government control& the I am sure that the residents of Harlem li')USe. news," said Richard S. Salant, president of wm make use of this branch office and ob I do not know Dr. Deschler's future CBS news. tain the information and help which they plans, Mr. Speaker, but I hope he will Gerald L. Warren, a White House spokes are seeking. visit us often. man, said "It is the White House position I am glad the Mayor's Criminal Justice Since the 1920's, this House has been that the networks should be able to send any Coordinating Council played a role in fun thing they wish." neling the Federal grant for this project. his home. I hope he will always continue I want to congratulate District Attorney to regard it so. Kuh for taking this step, and wish Assistant BRINGING GOVERMENT TO THE District Attorney Daniel Lewis, who will be PEOPLE in charge of this Harlem office, complete SOVIETS PULL PLUG ON success in this very worthwhile experiment. U.S. NETWORKS If it succeeds, I believe we will be able to expand the program, with appropriate Fed HON. ·cHARLES B. RANGEL eral help, throughout Manhattan and the HON. ROBERT J. HUBER OF NEW YORK other four boroughs. OF MICHIGAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I also want to thank the Harlem business community for its cooperation and I would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, July 9, 1974 like to commend individual businessmen, Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, my city of residents and officials who cooperated in New York has taken another significant making this project possible. Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, in time hon Thank you. ored Soviet fashion many dissidents and unprecedented step in bringing local were rounded up and placed in jail be government closer to the people. A branch fore the Nixon visit. Many more that of the district attorney's office has been THE UNITED STATES AND our newsmen were unaware of were prob established in my home community, WORLD FOOD ably also rounded up and placed under Harlem. In these days of high crime and detention. True also to Soviet tradition, low confidence in governmental institu our news networks were cut off in mid tions, I deem it imperative that govern HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN sentence when attempting to report on ment provide better mechanisms for OF MASSACHUSETTS dissident activity from Moscow during citizen participation. Especially in those IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the President's visit. I find it difficult to institutions designed to protect the citi Tuesday, July 9, 1974 see how detente is going to work under zen from this criminal threat against the such circumstances. The article from the social and economic fibers of our com Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, the prob Washington Star-News of July 3, 1974, munities. I commend my city for taking lem of regional scarcities of food sup follows: this action, and I wish to share with plies has reached crisis proportions in you and my colleagues, remarks by many areas of the world. Every year SOVIETS PULL PLUG ON U.S. NETWORKS many thousands of people die for the Moscow .-In a chilling reminder of cold Mayor Beame at the opening of this new war tactics, Soviet authorities have pulled branch office. simple reason that they do not have the plug on television newsmen reporting on REMARKS BY MAYOR ABRAHAM D. BEAME enough to eat. This yea~·. the famines in Soviet dissidents. I am delighted to be present at this open the African Sahel and India lead the Elliot Bernstein of ABC, the Moscow pool ing day of a branch of the District Attor list of the most tragically affected geo coordinator for the three U.S. networks, told ney's. office. graphical areas in terms of food short reporters after the blackout was imposed This ls a most important event, since it is ages. yesterday that Soviet authorities on Monday a first step toward a working relationship Events in the petroleum market and had threatened retaliation against the three between the District Attorney and various inflation have had a deleterious effect on networks for carrying "anti-Soviet material." communities in Manhattan. ABC and NBC had pre9ared television re This is an experiment in law enforcement the availability of cheap fertilizers and ports on the hunger strike of Andrei D. Sak and crime prevention and I am sure all of on the fiscal ability of small nations to harov, the physicist, in protest against the us here want to see that experiment succeed. purchase necessary food supplies. Uni detention of political prisoners in the Soviet I have been informed that this is the first lateral food policies of major food pro Union. branch office of any District Attorney's of ducing nations have had a similarly CBS had prepared a report on efforts by the fice in the country, specifically set up in negative effect. What is desperately secret police to prevent Jewish scholars from order to create a warm rapport between the needed is a cooperative system for the holding an unofficial seminar. community and the local prosecutor. management of food reserves. All three television reports were blocked in A second office is expected to be opened in transmission, as were two attempts by com Manhattan soon, under the same LEAA grant One positive approach to this prob mentators to explain on camera what had which is letting us open this office in lem that has been presented is Senator happened. Harlem. HUBERT HUMPHREY'S world food resolu The three networks have paid the Soviet One of the main points I keep making as tion. I commend to my colleagues the fol Television System $281,000 for use of facili Mayor is that government must increasingly lowing editorial reprinted from the July ties during the summit talks. involve the citizenry in the solution of our 7, 1974 Boston Sunday Globe which fo All three networks broadcast on last social problems and in the delivery of gov cuses on this problem and major efforts night's news programs in the United States ernment services. the beginnings of the transmissions which I have been delighted by the response I to deal with it: showed the correspondents as they were cut have received from businessmen, educators, THE UNITED STATES AND WORLD FOOD off mid-sentence. professional people, civic groups and indi On Thursday the Senate Foreign Relations Bernstein, said there had been "complete vidual citizens. Committee will hold a one-day hearing on and total cooperation" from the Soviets up I believe there is no more important area Sen. Hubert Humphrey's World Food Res until now with several dissident stories hav of social concern in which government needs olution. If Sen. Humphrey can generate ing been transmitted eariler during the the cooperation of the private sector than major support in the Senate-say, 85 votes Nixon visit. the area of law enforcement and crime (staff members say he has lined up 35 so Among yesterday's broadcasts was one by prevention. far)-it is possible that American policy on ABC correspondent Herbert Kaplow, begin I have involved the citizens of various the world food problems could be substan ning with Sakharov's name. The line to New communities in different parts of the City tially liberalized by the time the World York immediately went dead. to participate in "walk and talk" programs Food conference is held in Rome in Novem ABC tried to reroll the film to no avail. So and I intend to continue pushing for local ber. New York reported: "The patch has been participation in these programs. It is Sen. Humphrey's contention, reiter pulled ... the patch has been pulled." I have also involved the business com ated in numerous speeches, that the United Over at NBC, similar check disclosed that munity in Manhattan and Brooklyn, so far, States has dragged its feet in this area "the whole thing" was lost in transmission. in crime prevention programs of various at a time when our help, as the world's 22470 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July ·· 9, 1974
greatest food producer, ts needed more than for several months and Brazil banned exports the founders and first president of the Hos ever before. As drought edges south in the on soybeans and beef for the same reasons. pital, and Sahel region of Africa and famine's shad While this happened the prices of some food Whereas, Dr. Jackson had the foresight ow lengthens over India, the American stuffs tripled, the more afHuent nations in 1968 to recognize the need for a com response does appear to be lacking a lot, greatly increased their consumption, and the munity hospital in the area, and the cour and confused. resources used to produce food-land, water, age and determination to see his dream be While soaring food and fertilizer prices energy, fertilizer-declined, especially for the come a reality, despite many obstacles, and have made it all but impossible for the havenots. Whe1·eas, Dr. Jackson is still an inspira poor, developing countries to buy food from Somehow there must be a cooperative ap tion to the staff and a source of strength for American farmers, our PL 480 food grants proach on this problem, if the ups and downs the Hospital's nearly 500 employees. \Food for Peace), have been cut drastically of food crisis are to be avoided. Lester R. Therefore, be it known this 12th day of as have long-term credit sales. A more posi Brown and Erik P. Eckholm of the Overseas June 1974 that we are in recognition of Dr. tive note was struck last week when the Development Council have pointed out that Jackson's contribution to this community's House voted to approve a $1.5 billion con many nations have developed the means of health, and to his outstanding record as a tribution to the World Bank for 50-year, no managing commercial abundance on a do physician, and further direct that this com interest loans to the poorer nations. How mestic scale. Now, they suggest, it is time to mendation be entered in the Congressional ever, an amendment to the legislation in tackle the problem of scarcity both nation Record. structs the US representative on the board ally and internationally. overseeing the loans to vote against any "Foremost among the new institutions loan to a country which has exploded a needed," they write "is a new world food U.S. TREASURY ACTS ON TAX AND nuclear device. That could rule out India as reserve system. Cooperative international LOAN ACCOUNT BOONDOGGLE a recipient, a nation which has received management of food reserves would reintro about 40 percent of the credits since the duce some measure of stability to the world system was started. food economy and also help ensure that the HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING In his resolution. which he introduced capacity of the international community to OF OHIO to the Senate on May 22, Sen. Humphrey respond to food emergencies is maintained. asks that the President and the Secretaries Human life is too valuable to depend on the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of State and Agriculture "give the highest vagaries of weather and the whims of the Tuesday, July 9, 1974 priority to the immediate expansion of marketplace. The extreme price volatility American food assistance," specifically by that is likely in the absence of an effective Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, last restoring the PL 480 program to its 1972 reserve system will serve the interest of year I introduced the Tax and Loan Ac level and by increasing the US pledge to the neither producers, nor consumers, nor gov count Interest Act to require banks to 1975--76 World Food Program. The resolution ernment policymakers attempting to cope pay interest on Treasury tax and loan also requests the Administration to encour with infiation." accounts. I was pleased when the De age the oil exporting nations to contribute It remains to be seen whether the Nixon partment of the Treasury last week an assistance and to "encourage the American Administration wlll ever go this far, despite people to reduce the noncritical, nonfood nounced that it is drafting similar legis Mr. Kissinger's endorsement of the principle. lation to be submitted to Congress with producing uses of fertilizer" so that more In both the State and Agriculture depart can be made available to countries which ments it is maintained that there is actually in the next several weeks. have a fertilizer shortage. little difference between the ideas of Sen. Tax and loan accounts are one of the Underlying Sen. Humphrey's proposal and Humphrey, Mr. Kissinger and Mr. Butz. Sen. least known and most expensive boon sure to be stressed in the hearing will be the Humphrey, it is said, is too impatient by doggles by which the Federal Govern issue of setting up a world food reserve pro asking for immediate action, as he does in ment ha.s ever frittered away the tax gram. Although such a proposal is not specif his resolution. The food reserve problem has payers' money. Not many people are ically mentioned in the resolution, a pro to be studied carefully, it is said (there are familiar with them, but they have cost gram of this type is generally regarded as several studies under way), and no firm the taxpayers as much as $1.5 billion in the key to any world food program. So far it decisions can be made about what should be is diffi.cult to assess the Administration's po done for a month or so until it is known the past 5 years. sition in this area. Secretary of State Henry precisely what the American, Indian and Tax and loan accounts are interest Kissinger has strongly backed the idea of other crops will amount to this season. free accounts kept by the Federal Gov US participation in a world food reserve (it There is some sense to this. There may ernment with commercial banks into was Kissinger who formally proposed the not be much point in expanding our assist which flow billions of dollars worth of Rome conference) , but Secretary of Agricul ance programs until we know how much social security payroll taxes and corpo ture Earl Butz has appeared to shy away from assistance will be needed, though that should rate income taxes. The primary purpose the concept although he does favor supply not be used as an excuse to evade the re is to ing emergency food to any nation that needs sponsibility. However, an ever more far of the accounts prevent disruptions it. Butz reflects the American farmer's fear, reaching e1Iect of the hearing on the Hum in the money market due to heavY re generated by the decades of American farm phrey resolution could be the clarification ceipts and disbursals by the Federal surpluses, of the establishment of any giant of U.S. policy on the world food reserve issue. Government each month. They have food banks because of their tendency, just It is not time for the United States to play performed this useful function ever since by existing, to depress farm prices. If such a Santa Claus to the world. It is time, however, they were instituted over 50 years ago. system is to be developed, he thinks, it might for us to provide leadership in solving the A secondary purpose of the tax and be handled by the private traders and not by problem of bringing stability to the world loan accounts is to compensate banks government. Considering the complications food supply both for the year ahead and of making anything work on a global scale, on a more permanent basis. for certain services they perform for the such an approach would appear to be imprac Government, including maintenance of t ical. the tax and loan accounts, cashing Gov The world agricultural picture, like the ernment checks, handling Government energy situation, has changed drastically in DR. GEORGE F. JACKSON, SR. securities, and others. Here is where the the last few years. No longer are there vast boondoggle occw·s. The value of the bal grain reserves in the forms of surpluses in ance in the tax and loan accounts far ex the United States and other exporting na ceeds the value of the services performed t ions. No longer, in this country at least, are Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke by the banks, to the tune of several hun croplands held idle. Although a bumper crop OF CALIFORNIA dred million dollars a year. Moreover, is predicted for the United States this year, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the old cushion is no longer there. there is no rational cost accounting sys At the same time unilateral food policies Tuesday, July 9, 1974 tem to determine what specific services as practiced by various nations have made the Government is getting and how much Mi·s. BURKE of California. Ml-. Speak it is costing the banks to perform such the distribution of the world food supply er, under the leave to extend my 1·e more precarious. In the summer of 1972, for services. Many of the services performed instance, the Soviet Union cornered the marks in the RECORD, I include the fol ostensibly for the Government actually world's wheat market and even now it keeps lowing: benefit the banks and their customers. secret the amount of grain reserves it has on CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, Indeed, many banks charge their cus hand. A year later the United States, which HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tomers for the same services for which grows 85 percent of all the soybeans entering Washington, D.C. the world market, declared an export em Whereas, the West Adams Community Hos they are already being compensated by bargo on soybeans to keep down prices at pital is holding a testimonial dinner in the interest-free use of tax and loan ac home. Lat er, Thailand banned rice exports honor of Dr. George F . Jackson, Sr., one of count balances. July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22471 What this means for the average tax tive proposals will .be submitted to Con This is far too high a. price to pay for payer in effect· is that he is giving ·the gress at the earliest possible date so that the freedom to own gold. Mr. Symms free use of his tax money to the banks they may be given immediate considera was right: gold sold for $1 % billion in which are loaning it back to him at tion. the House, and the people get the shaft recordbreaking interest rates. At a time again. when many prospective home buyers cannot even get a bank to give them a mortgage and many small businesses LEGISLATIVE BRIBERY THE FOOD RESEARCH AND DEVEL are facing closure because of the money OPMENT ACT OF 1974 crunch, the tax and loan account policy HON. WILLIAM M. KETCHUM of the U.S. Treasury is scandalous. OF CALIFORNIA HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING For years, the Treasury has fought ef OF OHIO forts in Congress, most notably by the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES distinguished chairman of the House Tuesday, July 9, 1974 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Banking and Currency Committee (Mr. Mr. KETCHUM. Mr. Speaker, during Tuesday, July 9, 1974 PATMAN) to change the tax and loan ac the debate on H.R. 14565, we have been Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, the count system. Last Monday, however, the treated to a rare exhibition of what some world's food cupboard is quickly becom Treasury released a study of the tax and choose to call compromise, and I choose ing bare. Hundreds of millions of people loan accounts which takes a radical new to call legislative bribery. The Interna- throughout the world are facing mal look at the system. The study is based on tional Development Association portion nutrition and starvation. The situation a questionnaire sent to 600 of the Na of this bill was resoundingly defeated is becoming more and more critical as tion's 13,000 commercial banks holding last January by a vote of 248 to 155 as each day the number of new mouths to tax and loan accounts, including 300 of the Members of our House finally real- be fed increases by 200,000. By the end the largest. ized just what a giveaway this was. Sub- of the century, there will be 7 billion The study shows that the total value of sequent to its defeat, we were barraged mouths to feed-twice as many as there the tax and loan accounts to commercial by an intense lobby effort on the part of are now. banks in calendar year 1972 exceeded the Mr. McNama.ra of the World Bank, and How can we possibly feed twice as value of the services they performed for Mr. Simon, Secretary of the Treasury, many people within the next generation the Government by over $260 million. In in an attempt to convince us all of what if we do not have enough food to feed other words, the U.S. Treasury gave the they felt was a mistake. the people in the world today? banks a $260 million subsidy in calendar In a final gasp, the proponents of this Recently I introduced a bill which year 1972. In that year, the banking in terrible program hit upon a ploy which provides a partial answer to that ques dustry earned profits of $4.4 billion, an can only be described as bribery-they tion. My bill, the Food Research and increase of $371 million over 1971. attached to the bill what should already Development Act of 1974, would estab The Treasury study also shows that be a right of the citizens of the United lish a Government-sponsored program the costs reported by banks for the han States: the owning, holding, and. selling · to develop new methods of producing dling of Federal tax deposits in tax and of gold, something almost everyone in protein and fertilizer and making more loan accounts ranged from a low of 1 % the world can already do except efficient use of our existing food re cents per transaction to a· high of $3.10 the hard-pressed, harassed American sources. In addition, the bill provides for per transaction. Similar ranges occurred taxpayer. demonstration projects and an educa- for other bank services. Incredibly Now, Mr. Speaker, I am totally in favor tion program to encourage market ac enough, as late as 1973, some banks were of the right to own gold, as are many ceptance of the products produced by still reporting the sale of Federal trans other Members of the House, but cer- such methods. fer stamps as a service they performed tainly not at this price. Mr. SYMMS of Some progress has already been made for the Government although these Idaho put it all in perspective with his in the development of new types of food stamps were discontinued in 1965. The comment that the price of gold in the and fertilizer, abundantly and cheaply, study further reported "a lack of any Congress today was $1,500 million and with the use of microorganisms and soy logical relationship between unit costs he was so right. . bean meat and dairy substitutes. These reported and factors which might have Some so-called conservative Members new agricultural techniques have the po been expected to have a bearing on of the House let us know that, in order tential for meeting all of the world's fu them." for the people to own gold, any compro- ture food needs. However, it is going to Based on this study, the Treasury De mise was agreeable. I wonder, Mr. Speak- take an effort comparable to the R. & D. partment has made three recommenda er how the cost of the International De- . effort we launched in response to the tions: First, that the unneeded balance veiopment Association can possibly cor- energy crisis to put them into practical in tax and loan accounts be invested in relate with owning gold. use. The Food Research and Develop- short-term money market instruments, When one considers the minute per- ment Act is designed to be a vehicle for the interest on which would accrue to the centage of Americans who will be able such an effort. Government's account; second, that a to afford to buy gold, and then consider Mr. Speaker, we are living in an age minimum balance be kept in tax and loan that all our over 200 million people will when men have visited the moon and accounts to compensate banks for only share in the repayment of the $1 % bil- . probed the outer reaches of the solar sys those services directly related to the lion IDA fund, one is forced to wonder tem. That we have not applied our tech handling of tax and loan accounts; and where equity and fairness lie. nological know-how toward adequately third. that banks be paid directly for a The International Development Asso- meeting our most basic need-the need limited number of other services which ciation will spend $1 ~ billion which we for food-is profoundly disturbing. We they perform for the Government. do not have, and which we will then are at a stage in the history of mankind I have some reservations about even add to the already staggering deficit. when change occurs very rapidly, plac maintaining a minimum interest-free IDA will loan, interest free for 50 years, ing new and sudden demands on our . balance in the tax and loan accounts to money to foreign governments for all ability to utilize our natural resources cover the costs incurred by banks in sorts of dandy projects, while we at to meet our needs. At a time when in one servicing the accounts unless some ef home cannot afford or obtain home loans generation we will witness a doubling of fective cost accounting measures are im at under 11 percent, plus points. the world's population, we cannot afford plemented. It seems to me more business When, Mr. Speaker, do we start to to be unprepared. We must look ahead, like to pay the banks directly for all of think about the folks at home? Voting or face catastrophic consequences. the services they legitimately perform for for a bill to send billions abroad which The Food Research and Development the Government at a standardized rate we do not have to people who will not Act is obviously only one step toward based on actual services rendered. How appreciate us is a disgraceful act which .solving what is a very complex problem. ever, I am glad that the Treasury has totally ignores the inflationary aspects, It does not offer a solution to the current finally taken a step in the right direction and, more importantly, ignores the hopes food shortage which is threatening the toward ending the tax and loan account and desires of a disillusioned American impoverished nations right now and scandal and am hopeful that its legisla- people. which demands an immediate i·elief ef- cxx--1417-Part 17 22472 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 fort by the developed nations. What it are hundreds, perhaps thousands, of square TEN-INCH FIGURE DISPUTED does offer is hope that the food needs of miles of land in this generally arid and "Rehabilitation of the dryer sites may oc the next generation will be met. fragile region. The key element in the con cur naturally on a time scale that is unac troversy is water. ceptable to society," because it may take I am pleased to reintroduce the Food Coal companies, already implementing Research and Development Act today decades, or even centuries, for natural suc plans for massive strip-mining operations, cession [of vegetation] to reach stable con with the following cosponsors: Mr. argue that most of the land to be mined ditions." BADILLO, Mr. BINGHAM, Mr. BROWN of receives sufficient annual rainfall to allow Revegetation of Western areas receiving a California, Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois, Mr. restoration to productive use. little more rainfall than that "can possibly DRINAN, Mr. EDWARDS of California, Mr. Environmentalists argue that successful be accomplished only with major sustained BECHLER, Mr. MATSUNAGA, Mr. MOAKLEY, reclamation is doubtful and that stripped inputs of water, fertilizer and management," regions could become a vast "national sacri the study said. But it added: Mr. RoE, Mr. STARK, Mr. STOKES, Mr. fice area" of barren, useless land incapable TIERNAN, and Mr. WRIGHT. "However, we must emphasize that this of being rehabilitated by either nature or belief is not based on long-term, extensive, man for decades and possible centuries. controlled experiments in shaping and re "NOT ONE ACRE" RECLAIMED vegetating Western lands that have been RECLAMATION PLAN FOR STRIP Both sides tend to agree, however, that surface-mined. Few such studies have been MINED LAND STIRS DEBATE precious little research and experimenta made, and those in progress have only a few tion have been conducted on mined Western years' data to report." land to answer key reclamation questions Existing information has come, to a large with much certainty. extent, from reclamation projects on over HON. HERMAN BADILLO "We're suffering from a disease that can grazed Western lands and on road cuts OF NEW YORK be terminal if it isn't controlled-it's called rather than strip mines. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lackadata," says Carolyn Alderson, a Birney, Some scientists sharply dispute drawing Mont., rancher and environmentalist. Like the line of reclamation success or failure Tuesday, July 9, 1974 other opponents of strip mining, she is at 10 inches of annual rainfall, charging skeptical about reclamation. that the figure is arbitrary and pro-industry. Mr. BADILLO. Mr. Speaker, our recent "We're not comforted by assurances of They argue that it amounts to giving coal unfortunate experience with the Arab reclamation," she says, "when in fact there companies carte blanche to rip up the Da oil embargo has brought a resurgence of is not one acre of reclaimed land in the kotas, Montana and Wyoming, where 45 per interest in the mining of our vast coal Northern Great Plains which has been re cent of the nation's coal reserves lie and reserves in an effort to achieve self-suffi turned to agricultural production, much where annual rainfall averages a crucial 12 ciency in energy. Major problems have less grazing." Some 12,000 acres in that area to 16 inches. arisen over the sudden acceleration of have been disturbed by strip mining thus "It could be said that Northern plains strip mining as the easiest way to ex far. coal development hinges almost completely Industry, meanwhile, looks to the future. on the validity of this essentially unsub tract this suddenly rediscovered resource. "We must find a way to take the wreck stantiated academy state-associate professor One particular difficulty is the lack of out of reclamation," says Roger Rice, senior of environment," wrote Robert R. Curry, of information on how to make land rec exploration geologist for the Western En the department of environmental geology at lamation successful in the West where ergy Company, which has Montana coal the University of Montana, in an addendum the energy industry is now concentrating mines. "We must find a way to do better to the academy's study. its efforts to unearth coal as cheaply as than merely restore mine lands, for the cre Coal companies have set up reclamation ative potential for accomplishing great research projects at strip mines in the West, possible. things reclamation-wise is very real." but Dr. Curry says they were too new to be It appears that we do have a long Annual rainfall in Western coal areas called "demonstrated" techniques by the term energy problem in this country. averages less than 16 inches a year-three academy study team. However, the short-term crisis has been or four times less than Appalachia. Thus, "It may be significant," Dr. Curry asserted, eased by the :flooding of world markets reclamation techniques used in the East are "that one or more members of the study with an excess of several million bar largely irrelevant. And research in reclaim team had been receiving contracts from rels of crude oil over the demand every ing stripped Western land only began in energy-development companies to develop day. It is important and prudent that we earnest a few years ago. 'successful reclamation' techniques." The coal industry favors going ahead with Instead of such problems as rugged ter not be stampeded at this time into fur Western strip-mining while at the same rain and high acidity, which are common to ther despoliation of land that might time conducting reclamation experiments. It Eastern strip-mined lands, some of the big never be reclaimable again for any use generally acknowledges that key reclama gest problems in the West are too little rain ful purpose if strip mining is allowed to tion questions remain unanswered, but and concentrations of salts such as sodium proceed unregulated. There are ample argues that the national quest for energy that retard plant growth, according to Dr. badlands in the United States, east and self-sufficiency requires huge increases in Harold L. Barrows, a stafi' scientist with the west, to illustrate the loss forever of a Western coal production in the next several United States Agricultural Research Serv years. ices. The service began research on North natural resource from over-grazing, over Environmentalists argue that successful Dakota stripped lands four years ago. logging, and over-mining when no reclamation should be proven before cool Dr. Barrows said that gypsum had long thought is given to the consequences for and utility companies are allowed to proceed been used to loosen the soil so the salt can be the land. on the massive scale they envision. Other "leached" or dissolved out. Mr. Speaker, land is a finite resource. wise, irreparable damage may be done to "To be effective however, the sodium must We know how much we have now and will what is now productive agricultural land. be leached below the root zone," he added. have into perpetuity. We also know that Then, they charge, energy companies would "This is not possible in many sections of the some soils, once depleted, will not re simply abandon their spoils with the ration West because of lack of rainfall. If rainfall alization that restoration was impossible. is below 10 inches annually, the strip mine generate themselves. Consequently, I can Laws binding coal companies to certain see no crisis so imminent at the moment area cannot be reclaimed. The average rain strip-mined lands are generally weak, al fall in North Dakota mining areas is from to justify a headlong rush into tearing though some states are attempting to make 12 to 16 inches. Thus, it should be possible up the landscape as is the case with the them stronger. More than half of the 2.5- to revegetate these areas." million acres of land stripped in the United more than 1,000 acres a week from which PROBLEM "ONLY COVERED UP" coal is being taken by surface mining at States thus far remains defaced, and 1,200 more acres are strip-mined each week. Just adding topsoil, however, is not this time. enough. Grass grew well on experimental An Legislation pending in the House of Rep- excellent article in the New York -resentatives would require coal companies plots with two inches of top soil, but, Dr. Times on July 3 contributes to the dia to be liable for reclamation of Western lands Barrows said, "it did not eliminate the prob log with its emphasis on the dearth of for 10 years. But critics of that bill contend lem-it only covered it up." knowledge about reclamation techniques. that 20 or more years of careful attention The strip-mining of coal, on a minor scale, It deserves a careful reading before we may be required to restore these lands-if has been going on in the west for more than vote on pending strip mining legislation, it can be done at all. 50 years, but the large-scale movement by and I include it here in full for the bene The key point of controversy is water: how coal companies West did not begin until the fit of my colleagues: much is needed to develop not short-term mid-sixties. As of 1972, some 288-million tons showcase greenery but rather new vegetation of coal was produced from nine Western RECLAMATION PLAN FOR STRIP MINED LAND that can be sustained in a natural balance states, and some 20,700 acres of land was dis STIRS DEBATE over the long term. turbed, according to the National Academy (By James P. Sterba) A recently published National Academy of of Sciences study. DENVER.-A crucial debate is under way Sciences study bolds out little hope for With the Arab oil embargo last year, the over whether Western coal lands can be re reclaiming stripped areas where annual rain rush West became a stampede backed by a claimed after they are strip-mined. At stake fall is less than 10 inches. It says: commitment by the Nixon Administration to July 9, 197.f.,, EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22·l73 "restore King Coal to his former position," programs. The Senate has passed a housing mine, for capable leadership of the stat!! or in the words of Royston Hughes, an assistant bill that provides $500 million for the tran ganization during the past year. secretary of the interior. sition while the House bill supplies only $100 St. George Post 1438, Mt. Oliver, Pa., rep "Our objective," he said in a recent million. We hope that in reconciling the resented by Commander Michael Romani speech, "ls to at least .double and possibly House and Senate bills in a conference com ello, for outstanding service to a children's triple the production and use of coal by mittee, conferees wm adopt the Senate ver.; center. 1985." By that year, according to an Atomic sion. Energy Commission study, 55 per cent of total The House bill would also replace subsidies Mr. Speaker, I extend my personal United States coal production is expected for low-income housing with an expanded congratulations to these worthy awm.rd to be strip-mined in the west. rent supplement program. The supplement winners and I off er my best wishes for Politicians in the region are divided on the program has the advantage of directness continued success in pursuit of their ob issue. since it will help pay the actual rents of jectives to the officers and members of "I want a guarantee-not merely reason low-income tenants rather than subsidize Pennsylvania's Catholic War Veterans. able assurance-that every acre of land laid the builders of low-income housing. But the open will be reclaimed, and that requires program does not, by itself, remedy the prob tough strip-mining legislation," says Sena lem of an inadequate supply of decent hous tor Floyd K. Haskell, a Colorado Democrat. ing in the right places. The Senate ver ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE "Hard evidence, not emotionalism, forces me sion would retain subsidies for low-income to that conclusion. There is enough unre homeownership and rental units, and an claimed strip-mined land in this country to amendment to the bill would require the HON.EDWARD I. KOCH form a mile-wide swath of devastation from government to pursue recovery of mishan OF NEW YORK New York to Los Angeles." dled funds, a defect of programs in the past. Because of the virtual Administration IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES freeze on housing funds and the failure of Tuesday, July 9, 1974 HOUSING BILL Congress to pass major housing legislation in the last three years, federal funding for Mr. KOCH. Mr. Speaker, Prof. Her housing and community development pro man Schwartz, professor of law at the HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. grams is long overdue. But we hope that the State University of New York at Buffalo, OF OHIO conferees will not ramrod the House version has written an excellent report entitled of the bill through the conference commit "A Report on the Costs and Benefits of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tee. Changes should be made that will make Electronic Surveillance, 1972." I would Tuesday, July 9, 1974 the cutbacks to cities such as Dayton less like to append material from this report precipitous and that will assure an adequate Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, the hous supply of decent housing for all Americans. for the information of our colleagues: ing bill just passed by the House was the ExCERPTS FROM "A REPORT ON THE COSTS AND subject of a July 1 editorial in the Jour BENEFITS OF ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE, 1972" nal Herald, one of the daily newspapers PENNSYLVANIA'S CATHOLIC WAR B. COSTS in my district. VETS All of this activity does not come cheap. The analysis was a very astute one, in Although the state figures for the earlier deed, and I would like to make it avail years are not too complete, we can get some able for the edification of my colleagues. HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS notion of the range of costs. OF PENNSYLVANIA A few general comments are in order, as Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I insert it at this qualifications to both the analysis and con point in the RECORD: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES clusions. HOUSING BILL-HOUSE VERSION PENALIZES Tuesday, July 9, 1974 1. The costs for the very extensive national CITIES, POOR security surveillance are not included. It will The House of Representatives has over Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the Cath be recalled that the number of installations whelmingly approved an Administration olic War Veterans of Pennsylvania, an annually is about 100 and that the average backed housing and community development organization dedicated to preserving the national security installations is six to six bill that would replace a number of cate heritage and precepts of the United teen times as long as the average court gorical, largely federally controlled programs States, recently held its 34th annual ordered installation. The resu !t in the man with direct block grants to localities. The convention in York, Pa. I was privileged power costs of listening and transcribing are House did not markedly alter the Adminis to address the traditional Commander's likely to be about 6 to 15 times the cost of tration's bill for fear that it would result in the court-order surveillance. Consequently, a Presidential veto at a time when the House Banquet and to meet the new State CWV the cost of the national security surveillance is likely to be bogged down with impeach leaders, Comdr. William Higgins and is likely to be somewhere in the range of ment proceedings. Mrs. Rosemary Pankiewicz, president of from 6 to 15 times the manpower costs of The bill would substantially reduce funds the State Ladies Auxiliary. the average installation plus other costs. for cities like Dayton that have been most I know all of us in the Congress of the The average cost of a 1969-71 federal instal successful in obtaining federal money for United States are aware of the accom lation was about $9,500. Since the non-man urban revitalization and would eliminate plishments and the objectives of the power costs are a relatively small part of several programs designed to provide decent the total, a guess at the cost of the 207 1969- housing for the poor. Catholic War Veterans. The commit 70 taps is that each came to 6 to 15 times Under the formula contained in the House ment of the CWV, whether as individ $9,500 or about $47,000-$142,500 each. This bill, cities will ge.t no less than the average uals, separate posts, or as a unified or totals about $4.7 to $14.25 million per year sum they received from six of seven federal ganization, is identical to that of the for 100+ annual installations so far. This is programs over the past five years. Unfortu Congress-eternal vigilance for the a very loose estimate, of course, but may be nately for cities which recognized and at safety of our Nation and its people. within the range. tacked the housing problem early, the Model The Catholic War Veterans never 2. The figures as given omit the inevitably Cities program is not averaged into the for hesitate to single out for public recogni substantial amount of lawyers' and judges' mula once its five year funding period is time in preparing, determining and super over. tion individuals or posts that give un vising each application and interception. Re Over 80 cities, which were either first to stintingly of time or talent to better gardless of how cursory the Mitchell scru obtain Model Cities funding or had their the lives of others, particularly their fel tiny was, it does take time and money to pre programs expanded recently, stand to lose low veterans who have honorably served pare an application, and to submit it to the under the new averaging formula. Nearly in the defense of our country. court. The lawyer and judge man hours for 20 of them will receive no money at all I am pleased, therefore, to insert into this preparatory work, which is very ex for discontinued Model Cities programs. Day the RECORD those honored by the Cath pensive time indeed, are completely omitted."' ton will be particularly hard-pressed by the The federal costs will be explored first, and revenue sharing proposal, receiving funds olic War Veterans at this year's conven then the state costs. that it obtained under the seven federal pro tion: 1. FEDERAL COSTS LIST OF HONORED MEMBERS grams that will be replaced. 1969 If the purpose of revenue sharing is to Leonard C. Staisey, Thomas J. Foerster and promote greater local flexibility in the use William R. Hunt, members of the Allegheny The costs per offense, both total and aver~ of federal funds, we see no reason to cut County Board of Commissioners, for the es age, per device, are as follows: back aid to hard-pressed cities like Dayton. tablishment of a job bank for veterans. At the least, the bill should make available Judge John G. Brosky of Allegheny County *The elaborateness of the procedure to such cities adequate transitional funds to Common Pleas Court and Rev. Francis B. apart from Attorney General authorization ease the cutback until the time when, as the Filip, state CWV chaplain, for long and is described in Justice Department affi.davits Administration and backers of the House bill dedicated service on behalf of all veterans. filed in United States v. Ceraso, -- F. 2d claim, revenue sharing levels will approach Stanley J. Roman Sr., retiring state CWV --, nn. 7-8, 72-1355, 11 Cr. L. 2513 (3d those obtained under the categorical federal commander and a close, personal friend of Ctr. 1972). 22474 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974
All Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnaping Other
$440, 287 TotaLAverage ______------______------_- __------__ - ______--- - ______------__- --__- __---__- $146, 431 $247, 298 ------$492 f4S, 006 14, 343 7,447 61 , 825 ------492 9, 213
It will be noted that the gambling figure is much lower than the drug figure. This difference continues throughout the years.
All Gamb!ing Dru gs Other
$2, 116, 266 $926, 588 $1, 041, 408 11, 716 7, 667 26, 035 2, 114, 216 1, 776, 481 268, 206 7, 524 7, 163 12, 772 5, 670, 769 2, 849, 500 1, 556, 912
It is very difficult to explain the difference in costs between gambling and drugs. Telephone calls to a few government officials have pro duced no enlightenment. It cannot be attributed to lengthier surveillances, for a study of some selected daily manpower costs produces the same results. For example, in a series of federal investigations in California in 1970, the following costs appear:
Average P..verage Manpower Days cost per I Manpower Days Order Offense Date cost used day Order Offense cost per Date cost used day
Narcotics ______Jan. 26, 1970 39, 200 11 $3, 564 In the Western District of Missouri, we find: Transmission of wa gering informa- July 28, 1970 6, 825 15 455 83 Gambling ___ ------__ Jan. Counterfeiting ______7, 1970 1, 800 HJ $180 ti on. 84 Sept. 3, 1970 8, 928 7 Narcotics ______Sept. 3, 1970 72, 400 23 3, 147 Narcotics _. ___ .______. __ 10 893 85 Apr. 30, 1970 47, 500 20 2, 375 8 _____ do ______Sept. 14, 1970 142, 000 18 7, 888 In the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, we find : 10 Gambling ______Oct 22, 1970 3, 640 14 260 151 Gambling______Feb. 3, 1970 11 _____ do ______Oct. 23, 1970 5, 655 l, 516 5 303 29 195 154 Narcotics______Mar 31 1970 9, 345 12 779 In some Federal investigations in Maryland we find: 156 _____ d°------=-=- ·- = Apr." 1970 Gambling ____ ------______20: 11, 843 15 789 62 June 22, 1970 14, 385 15 959 163 Gambling ______------_ June 9, 1970 2, 722 63 Narcotics ______Oct. 16, 1970 67, 953 33 2, 059 13 £09 64 Gambling ______Nov. 24, 1970 5, 813 10 581
All in all, in 1970 the average narcotic few bugs were used for any offenses-only Another possibility is, of course, that the investigation cost $1,410 per day of man 8 out of 180. FBI and Strike Force are m e re efficient power, whereas surveillance for the gambling One possible explanation may be that dif though it is rather difficult to eee SU"h sh1.rp and other non-narcotic offenses cost but ferent agencies are involved-the FBI and diffe;:e ' C ~s . $551 per day. The 1969 figures are not as the Strike Forces handle gambling investi extreme. but they too show a similar pa.t gations, whereas the Bureau of Narcotics 2 . STATE SURVEILLANCE and Treasury handle narcotics and counter tern-$661 per day for narcotics and only 1968 feiting respectively. Either the latter are $485 for gambling and other non-narcotic overstated, or the FBI understates. There is The s tate figures were quite incomplete offenses. no reason to overstate costs, but understate only 120 out of 169 installations reported, or The explanation cannot be in the difier ment is very useful to justify electronic sur less than 75 %. These reported costs, bo ~ h eni::e between taps and bugs, since relatively veillance on a cost-benefit analysis. total and average, are as follows:
All Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnapping Other
TotaL ______- _____ --______152, 860 8, 692 37, 392 35, 592 3, 450 67 , 734 Averages ______---- _-_ - __ - - _------______1, 260 579 1, 039 2, 738 3, 450 1, 274
If these averages are approximately correct, then the total for all 169 is about $200,000.
All Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnaping Other
Per installation, 1969: TotaL ______------402, 787 85, 935 98, 802 68, 962 3, 450 145, 638 Average ______------1, 806 1, 303 1, 453 4, 060 3, 450 2, 051
Extrapolating the average of $1806 to all 260 installations, produces an estimated cost of $470,000.
All Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnaping Other
Per installation, 1970: 1 AverageTotal______- _------___----___--____------__-- _ 937, 998 305, 691 296, 394 94, 700 ------317, 813 2, 288 1, 500 3, 529 4, 735 ------3, 345
1 17 installations did not report. Extrapolating the overall average of $2288 to all 410 installations, produces an estimated cost of $938,000.
All Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnaping Other
1971: I TotaL ______1, 455, 391 532, 806 502, 888 39, 969 1, 140 378, 588 Average ______------2,940 l, 752 4, 835 2,222 1, 140 4,507
1 16 installations did not report. July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22475 Extrapolating the overall average of $2940 ferences in lengt h of installation, for it is Order: Bookmaking; total cost, $334; days to all 511 installations, produces an esti the daily manpower costs that fluctuate so used, 2; average daily cost $167. mated cost of $1,502,340. much. For example, of 11 taps installed in Similar peculiarities appear in reports from The rather wild fluctuations in average other States, as some examples from Bronx Essex County, New Jersey in 1970, 4 of the cost per installation among the different of County, New York, Fulton County, Georgia, fenses are hard to explain. As with the fed bookmaking installations produced the fol and Baltimore, Maryland show, to t ake but eral figures, it is hard to relate this to dif- lowing costs: three examples:
Average Average Ord er Offen se Total cost Days used daily cost Order Offense Total cost Days used daily cost
4 ______do ______Bronx County, N.Y.: $1 , 300 10 $130 1______Narcotics ______$9, 635 51 $188 8______Gambling ______600 10 60 2______do ______5, 060 15 337 9 ______do ______1, 000 3 333 6 ______do ______3, 390 25 136 Baltimore, Md. : 12 ______do ______3, 105 15 207 86 I 30 86 Fulton County, Ga .: 3 ______do ______86 I 33 86 l ______~- ___ Bribery ______-- __ -- 575 1 575 ~ ======- ~ ~~~~~~-~~~~~ i~~~~ ======135 I 3 135 3 ______Bribery, burglary ______2, 100 20 105 6 __ ------______Arson ______521 141 521
1 Minutes. It thus appears clear that the state cost figures are dubious, to say the least.
SUMMARY OF COSTS
Federal State Federal State Total Average Total Average Total Total Average Total Average Total
1968_------I $200, 000 $1, 260 $200, 000 1971______$2, 114, 216 $7, 524 2 $1, 502, 34 $2, 950 $3, 616, 556 1969______$440, 287 $14, 343 2 470, 000 l, 806 910, 287 1970______2, 116, 226 11, 716 2 938, 000 2, 788 3, 054, 226 TotaL______4, 670, 769 9, 513 2 3, 110, 340 ------7, 781, 069
1 Extrapolated from costs actually reported . 2 These are somewhat incompletely reported, so the figures reported are extrapolations.
TOTAL AND AVERAGE COSTS PER INSTALLATION, BY OFFENSE
Gambling Drugs Kidnaping Other Total Average Total Average Total Average Total Average Total
Federal : 1969______$146, 431 $7, 447 $247, 298 $61, 825 $492 $492 $46, 066 $9, 213 ------1970______926, 588 7, 667 1, 041, 408 26, 035 ------148, 270 7, 373 ------1971______1, 776, 481 7, 163 268, 206 12, 772 ------69, 529 5, 794 ------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- TotaL------2, 849, 500 ------1, 556, 912 ------492 ------263, 865 ------4, 670, 769
Gambling Drugs Homicide Kidnaping Other Total Average Total Average Total Average Total Average Total Average Total
State: 1968______$8, 692 $579 $37, 392 $1 , 039 $35, 592 $2, 738 $3, 450 $3, 450 $67, 734 $1, 274 ------1969 ______85, 935 1, 303 98, 802 1, 453 68, 962 4, 060 3, 450 3, 450 145, 638 2, 051 ------1970______305, 691 1, 500 296, 394 3, 529 94, 700 4, 735 ------317, 813 3, 345 ------1971______532, 806 1, 752 502, 888 4, 835 39, 969 2, 222 1, 140 1, 140 378, 588 4, 507 ------
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- Total______933, 124 ------735, 476 ------239, 223 ------8, 040 ------909, 773 ------$2, 815, 6~6
HONORS FOR MEMORY OF SENATOR principles and his constant willingness to well as those here in Washington will re GRUENING champion an unpopular cause when he member her well for her public-spirited felt it was right. ness and interest in a wide variety of I know I speak on behalf of all of my community activities. She served with HON. LOUIS STOKES colleagues when I give thanks for his many school-related organizations and in OF OHIO having served with us in the U.S. Con 1972 was elected president of the Cali IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gress, and for having been an example for fornia Congressional Wives Club. Patti Tuesday, July 9, 1974 all of us. joins me in offering most sincere condol Mr. STOKES. Mr. Speaker, I rise in ences to CHARLES WILSON at this sad honor of the memory of a distinguished time. and courageous colleague, Senator Er DEATH OF MRS. CHARLES WILSON nest H. Gruening. To all who knew him, GILMAN SEEKS REMOVAL OF AGE this man of integrity was an admirable HON. JAMES C. CORMAN DISCRIMINATION model of the principled public servant. OF CALIFORNIA His passing is a great loss to all of us IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and to the Nation. His courage in speak HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Tuesday, July 9, 1974 ing up oh behalf of what he believed in OF NEW YORK showed his dedication and his unwilling Mr. CORMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ness to put aside his principles to meet like to offer my deepest sympathy to my a temporary, popular mood wh,en he was colleague, Congressman CHARLES H. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 convinced that it was misguided. A few WILSON of California on the re.cent loss Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, today I am of his stands for unpopular causes may of his wife, Betty. I know that she will introducing legislation amending the Age be remembered longer than others, but to be sorely missed by her husband and four Discrimination in Employment Act of those of us who were honored to view sons. She has been a tremendous asset 1967 to remove the 65-year age limita his activities most closely, the most sig to her husband over his long and distin tion. nificant thing was the consistency of his guished career. Friends in California as This measure is designed to prevent 22476 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 employers from forcing many of our we are beginning to see instances of in San Francisco on August 14, 1945. We mentally and physically capable older equally questionable behavior. have traveled in many of the countries Americans into retirement. On the basis of the staff investigation of Europe. As the years passed, I came I have been receiving an increasing to date, the Special Studies Subcommit to respect and admire him more and number of complaints from able-bodied tee has decided to hold hearings on the more. senior citizens who have been arbitrarilY proprietary school area and the Govern Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to excluded from the labor market. The ment spending that supports it. These learn that Lew will continue to work on eroding effects of inflation have widened hearings will begin on Tuesday, July 16, his authoritative work "The Deschler the gap between retirement and em at 9: 30 a.m. ln room 2247 of the Rayburn Precedents" which will certainly be the ployment income creating near poverty House Office Building. They will examine most complete and outstanding work to conditions for mililons of older Amel'i ways in which the Federal Government be compiled in our time dealing with the cans. The limited prospects for adding to can reduce the waste occurring when various parliamentary precedents of the one's retirement income makes retire loans or veterans payments support stu House of Representatives specifically and ment status unattractive and often un dents who get nothing from the training. parliamentary law in general. acceptable. Mandatory retirement poli How can we take action against those Lew, now that you are retired, Katie cies should be abolished. An individual's schools which do not give the student full joins me in wishing you and your lovely right to work should not depend upon value for his dollar, so that all students wife Virginia a very enjoyable and re any arbitrary, unreasonable age criteria. will benefit? Proprietary vocational warding retirement and we extend our Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I urge my schools offer for many Americans a rela very best wishes to you, Virginia, and colleagues to support this proposal which tively quick way to improve themselves, your family for many, many years of will extend coverage of the Age Discri and it is unfair that the schools which happiness and good health. mination in Employment Act of 1967 to prey on students should be allowed to all older workers, not just those between tarnish the reputation of the entire ages 40 and 64. industry. I am sure that other Members share JOSEPH A. BEIRNE our concern with this problem. The sub committee would be happy to receive in HON. CARL D. PERKINS HEARINGS ON PROPRIETARY formation about problems that may exist VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS or cases where sound regulations or cor OF KENTUCKY rective action have reduced or eliminated IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. FLOYD V. HICKS student exploitation. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 OF WASHINGTON Mr. PERKINS. Mr. Speaker, a few IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES days ago, one of the most progressive la bor leaders in the country, Joseph A. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 RETffiEMENT OF THE HONORABLE LEWIS DESCHLER AS PARLIA Beirne, announced that he was not going Mr. HICKS. Mr. Speaker, for the past MENTARIAN to run for reelection as president of the several months, the Special Studies Sub Communications Workers of America, committee of the House Committee on after serving in that office since 1943. Government Operations has been looking HON. JOHN J. ROONEY Many of us on both sides of the aisle into the Federal dollars going to proprie OF NEW YORK have had the opportunity to correspond tary vocational schools. These schools of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and speak with President Beirne, and we fer students a chance to learn a trade know his significant achievements. But in a relatively short period of time and Tuesday, July 9, 1974 tr.ere is a special aspect to Joe Beirne have helped many Americans improve Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. that I want to remind the House of themselves. At the same time, other stu Speaker, the recent announcement of the he recognized a long time ago that this dents have been defrauded by schools retirement of my friend, the Honorable is a pluralistic country, made up of dif - which promised jobs or instruction that Lewis Deschler as Parliamentarian of f erent people with some common values they could not deliver or schools that this House of Representatives is a great and objectives, so he always guided his went out of business after collecting disappointment to me as I am sure that union in directions that built on our com lump-sum tuition payments from stu it is to all the Members of this most mon values and beliefs, and enhanced dents. The availability of federally in august body. them. Joe Beirne's efforts have made the sured loans and veterans payments has In the long and lllustrious history of fabric that binds America together contributed heavily to the growth of the Republic and of this House of Rep stronger. these schools. Unfortunately, it has also resentatives, few men, if any, have served Not many of us may know that it was led to an increasing waste of Federal either as long or as well as Lew Deschler. his idea which developed into the Ameri money as veterans do not get what they What an extraordinary accomplishment can Institute For Free Labor Develop pay for and as borrowers of Federal in it is to have served one's country for half ment, a combined labor-management sured student loans refuse to pay them a century and for 46 of those years as government project designed to build back. one of the most influential men in Gov strong, democratic labor unions in The seriousness of this problem has ernment. Latin America and the Caribbean area. been emphaeized in recent stories and ac It is the mark of the greatness of Lew He saw the coming of automation and counts of misdoings in the proprietary Deschler that during his long career he other technology, and welcomed it, rather vocational field. Articles have appeared shunned completely the publicity and than fought it, but he sought to make in the Reader's Digest, the Boston Globe, the spotlight that could have so easily the best use of it for everyone, which and the Washington Post. Locally, been his and chose instead the quiet includes the public, as well as the indus WTTG carried a series of television f ea course that made him one of the most try and the workers. tures about these schools. The Federal respected and trusted men in Govern He constantly sought to improve the Government is instrumental in the ment. collective bargaining process so that dif growth of this industry because many Lew was already a respected veteran ficulties and differences could be settled students are financed by Federal loans of 20 years' service to the House when without unnecessary uproar, again to or veterans payments. I arrived here over 30 years ago as a the benefit of the public as well as the Some students have relied on Federal freshman Congressman. I was most im workers. eligibility as a stamp of approval only to pressed with the affedion and esteem President Beirne built a great corps of be shocked to discover that the school with which Lew was held by all the Mem leadership for CWA, which includes its has closed and left them stranded with bers on both sides of the aisle. His coun secretary-treasurer, Glen E. Watts, and a debt they must pay. The tactic of mis- sel and advice were much sought after its executive vice presidents, George Gill, leading students in order to recruit them and valued by all of us. G. C. Cramer, and Louis Knecht, and has been particularly noticeable in the Mr. Speaker, I deeply treasure the many of us know them because they have proprietary school area, but as the col friendship of Lew Deschler, which goes testified before numerous committees, leges need to recruit to fill their seats, back a long time. We celebrated VJ-Day on various issues. Many of us also know July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22477 President Beirne's assistant, George We support the majority of Congress and SLOVAK INVENTOR OF THE Miller, who directs the CWA legislative the American people who see this as folly and PARACHUTE a great danger to world peace. We urge every function and contributes a strong effort effort to turn back this uneven proposition. to the progress cf legislation beneficial to HON. WILLIAM E. MINSHALL all of the people of the country. Mr. Speaker, although President OJ' OHIO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Beirne will be relinquishing his office, I WITNESS TO THE TRUTH hope that this organization will continue Tuesday, July 9, 1974 to have his advice and counsel for a long, Mr. MINSHALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, long time. I know that it will remain a each day we encounter new ways in which progressive force, ably lead, and doing HON. RICHARD T. HANNA . OF CALIFORNIA our fell ow countrymen of Slovak ances good for its members and for all working try have contributed to our country. Yes people. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES terday on the "Slovak Hour" on station Tuesday, July 9, 1974 WERE in Cleveland, Father Andrew NUCLEAR REACTORS Mr. HANNA. Mr. Speaker, I wish to Pier reminded us of Stefan Banic, a bring to the attention of my colleagues a Slovak coal miner, who invented the compelling and fascinating new book by parachute. I would like to share with my Mr. Nathan Shapell entitled "Witness To colleagues the excellent remarks of HON. BELLA S. ABZUG the Truth." Nathan Shapell today is Father Pier, who is the director of the OF NEW YORK chairman of Shapell Industries, a Cali Slovak Institute in Cleveland and also a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fornia-based homebuilding company. teacher at one of our outstanding high Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Thirty years ago, however, he was in schools, Benedictine High School: Ms. ABZUG. Mr. Speaker, my office in war-torn Europe, a young man lucky to SLOVAK INVENTOR OF THE PARACHUTE be alive. His book tells of his experiences On June 3, 1914, Stefan Banic, Slovak recent days has received a flood of mail in postwar Europe. coal miner and mason in the town of Green from constituents and citizens all across Mr Shapell survived such horrors as ville, Pa. (across the eastern Ohio border), the Nation who are appalled and aston Auschwitz and two other Nazi concen submitted his request for a patent for his ished by President Nixon's recent offer invention of a parachute, and on August 25th of nuclear reactors to both Israel and tration camps, the Russian takeover of of the same year he obtained his patent (No. Egypt. Poland, and later transfer to Russian 1,108,484) from the U.S. Patent Office in It is an act of pure madness to inject occupied Germany. At age 23, he orga Washington, D.C. His patent rights covered nized a group of survivors, including what the U.S. for 17 years, but soon afterwards nuclear capability into an area like the was left of his family, from various dis he surrendered his personal rights (for a Mideast. But more importantly, the placed persons camps, and led them into nominal sum) to the U.S. Air Force of the Congress and the American people were the American zone of occupation. With U.S. Army. not consulted about the nuclear deal. the assistance of U.S. military officials in A native of Smolenicka, N. Ves (formerly We cannot allow the President to con Nestich), Slovakia (Czechoslovakia), where tinue to hand out nuclear reactors as if Munchberg, Germany, Shapell devoted he was born on Nov. 23, 1870, he graduated the next 5 years to providing homes and from the local elementary school and went they were party favors. other essentials to fellow Jews and others Mr. Speaker, the statement by the Cen to work on the feudal estate of Count Palfy. left homeless by the Nazi holocaust. Soon his native genius as a mason won him tral Conference of American Rabbis Only after almost everyone else in the the privilege of restoring the Smolenicky typifies the shock and astonishment with community had left for new homes in Castle .... The chimneys are his design and which citizens have been reacting with Israel, the United States, and other the workmanship is exquisite. to the President's nuclear deal. I would friendly countries, did the Shapell fam As a boy he was fascinated with the flight like to commend this to the attention of of birds and he experimented with a glider my colleagues: ily leave Germany for the United States. made of cloth. Although he planned to use That was in 1951. Today, his firm is one it to glide to earth from the walls of the STATEMENT BY CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF of the largest in the homebuilding indus AMERICAN RABBIS local castle, his dream remained unfilled. In try, doing more than $100 million worth 1907 he went to America. We are appalled and alarmed at President of business last year. After working in various places in New Nixon's atomic give-away proposition for York and Pennsylvania he settled in Green Egypt. All proceeds from his book will be used to set up a Witness to the Truth Chil ville, Pa. He was employed at a coal mine Neither the mood, the spirit nor the men there and in hd.s spare time worked on the tality of the Egyptian State can assure any dren's Foundation. The Foundation will idea of perfecting his parachute. He was con one of its peaceful intentions. Egypt started give aid to children in need all over the vinced his idea was practical in view of the the Yom Kippur War and provoked the wars world, regardless of race, color, or creed, recent invention of the airplane. of 1967 and 1956. in the hope of furthering brotherhood Finally, in 1914 he made a trip to Wash The SCUD missile capability given to and understanding. Mr. Shapell has said ington, D.C., to secure a patent for his in Egypt by the Soviet Union assures a delivery he felt impelled to produce the book as vention. Completely confident of success, he system for atomic warheads to strike any partial payment for what he considers to demonstrated its practicality by making sev where in Israel. Supervision or guarantees by eral jumps from a 15-story building in the our own United States government or any be a debt to the United States. He hopes nation's caipital. That convinced everyone international commission that such atomic it will serve as a reminder of American and soon he had his patent registered in his materials will not be put to war-like possi humanity and generosity. "The founda name. bilities have proven to be totally and com tion of the United States is good. It is Banic returned to his native homeland in pletely tenuous in the past. based on sound human principles, and 1920 and resumed his trade as a mason. He Our American government had pledged there is no need to feel there is no hope continued to work in his native village of Israel passage through the Suez Canal in for the country," Shapell said. Nestich until his death on Jan. 2, 1941. return for withdrawal from Suez in 1956, "Witness to the Truth" is also a tribute on August 25, 1974, it will be precisely 60 and this pledge was not kept. The Soviet years ago that Stefan Banic obtained a. Union's vast advisory, military and techno to a man who has not only survived in patent for his parachute from the U.S. Pat logical force was capriciously expelled from describable horrors, but has risen above ent Office in Washington, D.C. His timely Egypt in 1970. Nothing that our government them by his own hard work, hope and invention, acquired by the U.S. Army at the could do is more inflammatory than pre determination, Nathan Shapell. outbreak of World War I, saved hundreds of senting Egypt with this potential for atomic Finally, it is a tribute to the United airmen at home while training and on the carnage. States. The book is living testimony of a western front during the first World War. With the Palestinian terrorists waiting to moving quality to the disparate philoso At the moment there is a campaign to utilize these as small arms, and with this phies of the East and West. The impact commemorate this anniversary by the issue atomic gift closing the scientific and tech of a special commemorative postal stamp to nological gap between Egypt and Israel, it upon human dignity, human aspirations honor the memory of a man whose inventive creates a new ilnbalance in the situation. and human opportunities in the frame genius has been instrumental in saving. Egypt has no shortage of energy sources in work of a closed, oppressive and author thousands of lives in war and peace. Stefan view of its recent oil strikes and the vast ization regime as against an open, free Banic fully deserves this honor. hyc:lroelectric potentials of the Aswan Dam competitive and democratic regime is In view of the great contribution to our which have not yet been fully exploited. starkly contracted. air force by an unhonored genius it would 22478 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 certainly be appropriate that the U.S. mili MINORITIES BEING CRUSHED BY had been produced through the work of such tary command would arrange a suitable com STAGFLATION agencies as the Urban Development Corpora memoration of the anniversary of an event tion, but pointed out that at the same time that resulted in rendering inestimable serv the money from Model Cities programs and ice to our country and to all mankind. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL from other Federal housing programs had I am happy to announce that our Con been lost. gressman William Minshall from Ohio re OF NEW YORK The inability of minority contractors t o get cently requested the U.S. Postal Department IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES major construction contracts during prosper to consider the issuance of a commemorative Tuesday, July 9, 1974 ous periods is related to several factors. The stamp on the occasion of the 60th anniver main one is that they have not been able to sary of the invention of the parachute by a Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the dis get experience in major construction due to Slovak immigrant coal-miner, Stefan Banic, astrous combination of inflation and racial discrimination within the industry and in Greenville, Pennsylvania ... a mile or two stagnation in the American economy is the lack of aggressive efforts to eliminate it. across the eastern border of the state of currently affecting individuals through With the market down, the problems of mi Ohio where the Wright Brothers invented nority contractors intensify. the airplane to which a great safety feature out the country. Those who are hardest Eric Castro, president of Rhodes-Bencroft, was destined to be added a decade later by hit are those who are least equipped to which is one of the city's few minority gen an American immigrant from Slovakia. weather economic buffeting. The poor eral cont ractors, built his company up from and minorities, down and out and strug a. consult ing service. In a recent interview he gling to earn a living wage, trying to said, "The restrictive practices of the indus succeed in this society, have suffered a t ry a.re more generally imposed on min orit y MR. DAN MUNDY serious setback at the hands of inflated contractors than others." prices and slowed production. ACCESSmILITY LIMITED Aspiring minority businessmen, de " It is more difficult for minorities to get Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke prived of Federal funds and a competi a bond and to get financing. His accessibility OF CALIFORNIA tive position with regard to obtaining t o market s where construction contracts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are awarded is also limited," he added. "All contracts, may well be destroyed by the combined make it more difficult for minority Tuesday, July 9, 1974 disease of stagflation, which the admin contractors to penetrate the industry and istration seems unable to diagnose or stay in business.'' Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. Speak cure. I place in today's RECORD for the Mr. Castro's company which did less than er, I wish to take a moment to call at attention of my colleagues an article a million dollars worth of business last year, tention to a distinguished Los Angeles from the New York Times of June 17, is one of the larger minority contractors. labor leader who has recently accepted which describes one aspect of the impact The F . W. Eversley Construction Company a position in our Nation's Capitol as leg of the current economic situation on also in New York is the nation's largest islative director of the AFL-CIO Build minorities: minority construction company. It had con ing and Construction Trades Depart tracts valued at $41-million last year. The CONSTRUCTION LAG HURTS MINORITY BUILDERS Brown and Root Construction Company of ment. (By Reginald Stuart) He is Mr. Dan Mundy, who brings to Houston, the nation's largest construct ion Minority construction companies, tradi company, had contracts totaling $4-billion. his new assignment a long and dedi tionally restricted to small jobs valued at During the last five years there have been cated career in the organized labor move $100,000 or less, began to realize an upward agencies set up to assist minority builders in ment. trend in their business during 1972 and 1973. the critical areas of cost estimating, bid Mr. Mundy's career began when he The strong minority opportunity programs preparation and execution, bookkeeping, fi joined Local 230 of the Plumbers and adopted by several public agencies here and nances and bonding. The results of these Pipefitters Union in San Diego as an ap community group pressure on established services, combined with the programs adop prentice in 1941. Following a 4-year tour builders were beginning to have an impact. ted by some agencies directed toward util But the continuous downward trend in izing minority builders, caused the business of duty with the U.S. NavY in the South the construction market over-all, especially spurt. The technical assistance agencies are Pacific, he returned to southern Cali t he freeze on Federal housing funds, has vir still around, but the needed work, in many fornia and joined Local 289 in Pasa tually wiped out the economic prosperity cases, is not. dena, where he turned out as a journey most of these companies had just begun to "Business is booming on a selective basis," man plumber. taste. said Woodie G. Williams, a.n assistant vice In 1947, Mundy joined Local 78, Los The spurt in business for minority con president at the Morgan Guaranty Trust Angeles, where he became recording sec- tractors in New York City was primarily at Company. Mr. Williams has worked with tributable to the New York State Urban De minority builders in getting bank financin g 1·etary, and later business agent and as velopment Corporation, which has what has for their job. "Things are better because sistant business manager. In 1965, Mr. been recognized as the strongest minority white contractors are forced not to use blacks Mundy became business representative opportunity program for contractors of all not only as workers but as partnel's," he with the Los Angeles County Building agencies, public or private. added. "At the same time however, a lot Trades Council and, in 1969, he took on POLICY IS BYPASSED of minority builders are out of business be cause of the diminishing small, private work his assignment as associate director of The U.D.C. can negotiate contracts, by the Committee on Political Education and drops in public work." passing the policy of most public agencies The minority builder's share of the con COPE. that the lowest bidder must get the job. This struct ion market, is estimated to be 1 per He has served as a vice-president of has resulted in minority builders in New cent of the total, which presently exceeds the Los Angeles County Federation of York City receiving more than $123-million $100-billion. It has been called the "drop Labor for the past 8 years, and was also in contracts since 1971 exclusively or through in the bucket ." And one smaller builder said joint venture prospects with larger white "Now we're losing our drop in the bucket." president of the board of publishers of contractors. the Los Angeles Citizen, the County Fed During the last 14 months minority con eration of Labor's official newspaper. tractors have won more than $3-million in Mr. Mundy, a graduate of Mark Kep cont racts from the New York State Dormi pel High School in Alhambra, Calif., has tory Authority. BILL BROWN, NEW attended the UCLA labor studies pro Despite their gains, most black construc PARLIAMENTARIAN gram and has long been active in politi tion companies are still small and not strong cal affairs in Los Angeles County. He has enough to absorb a downturn in business. "Once you go beyond the first five or six been a member of the Los Angeles Coun companies among the minority builders, the HON. TOM BEVILL ty Democratic Central Committee and rest are hurt." said Blll King, a partner in OF ALABAMA the State Democratic Central Commit the Hannibal Construction Company, one of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIV tee. the city's estimated 250 minority construc Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Mr. Mundy is married and has two tion companies. grown children. "There are a lot more contracts valued at Mr. BEVILL. Mr. Speaker, I would I am happy to join with hundreds of a million dollars or more which we have won, like to take this opportunity to join with but there are a lot more builders with $2,000 my colleagues in congratulating and wel- Mr. Mundy's friends and associates both contracts too," said Lloyd Mayo, president in and out of the labor movement in of the Hannibal Demolition Company, a sister coming Mr. Bill Brown as Parliamentar wishing him success in his new endeavor. company. "Business is worse than it was five ian. It is a pleasure to welcome him to years ago." I have known and worked closely with Washington. Mr. Mayo acknowledged that new money Bill for a number of years now and in my July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22479 judgment he is one of the most able senior. ''Unless they get a really dynamic "The spirit's the same," says Angelo. and most qualified individuals in Gov person to take his place, the school will have "Nothing's changed. They (still) sing the · ernment service today. to suffer." fight song and pack the place on Saturday Bill Brown's education and experience ABILITY TO LAUGH mornings." on the Parliamentarian staff makes him Other students and teachers happily re POPULATION CONSTANT imminently qualified for this high posi called Killough's ability to laugh With others The make-up of the school's student and at himself. He poked fun at his own population has remained more or less con tion. baldness, his short stature, and the fact that stant--and mixed-after its early years when The U.S. House of Representatives is he has a Medicare card and can ride free on the area around it was semi-rural, and it indeed fortunate to have the services SEPTA buses. functioned as an annex for academically of this outstanding young man. I know Killough usually had a role in the spring prestigious Central High School. Today, Bill will serve with distinction and I play. This year, for example, he portrayed fewer than half of its students go on to salute his past accomplishments and the Fairy Godfather in Cinderella Drofknarf, college. wish him the very best in his new duties a production that borrowed freely from the Killough recalls, "When I first came here plot lines of both Cinderella and The God in 1934 there were students from very as House Parliamentarian. father. (Drofknarf, for the uninitiated, is wealthy families, working class families, and Frankford spelled backwards.) Killough was poor families. We always had . black kids boosted onto his enormous throne by two from East Frankford, (and) they're good attendants, and held a scepter bigger than kids." FRANKFORD IDGH SCHOOL SETS he was. The president of this year's senior class, COMMUNITY PACE But his performance this year failed to Garry Simmons, is a black student. He is eclipse his performance of several years ago from Olney, and is one of many students when he emerged on stage from an enormous from other sections of the city who apply to HON. JOSHUA EILBERG commode to apprehend student smokers on attend Frankford each year under the city's OF PENNSYLVANIA stage in a boys' room scene. (Killough has open enrollment program. (So many ap IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES rigidly enforced a no-smoking ban in the plications are received that Frankford has a school. "I always thought it was hypocritical waiting list.) Tuesday, July 9, 1974 to teach kids that smoking is bad in hygiene Simmons says, "If there is any racial Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, when class and then let them smoke." prejudice here, it's minimal. There's cer Killough's success has also been predicated tainly no tension. I'm glad I came." we look back on our youth there always on discipline, tempered by fairness. Annuzio, "I'm not leaving because I'm unhappy seems to be one or two adults who made for example, at 16, had become a chronic here," says Killough, 65, who lives with his a profound impression on us and who truant, and then dropped out. Nearly two wife, Helen, in Holland, Bucks County. "I helped to mold us into what we are to years later he decided he wanted to come think Frankford has changed least of any day. Very often these individuals are back, and asked Killough for a second school in the city, and I'd put our top kids teachers whom we remember fondly and chance. The decision was discretionary. Kil up against anyone's." with great respect. lough took him back, and now 20, Annuzio This year, in my district in northeast is graduating this year. Philadelphia, James A. Killough, prin HE'S DEMANDING cipal of Frankford High School, retired Annuzio says of Killough, "He's demand WEST GERMAN SOCCER TEAM ing of you, but if you're sincere he'll go a WINS WORLD CUP after spending 31 years at the school. He long way for you." is the type of individual I have just Repeatedly, people at Frankford associated described. He was a strong guiding hand Killough with the favorable atmosphere they HON. MATTHEW J. RINALDO for thousands of young people and his enjoy at Frankford. OF NEW JERSEY spirit and energy will be missed by the English teacher Harry Gutelius graduated students, faculty, and community he from Frankford in 1963. He has been teach IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES served so well. ing at the school for the past seven years. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 "This is a tremendous school. I camped out At this time, I enter into the RECORD down at the Board of Education, begging Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, although an article about Mr. Killough, which ap them to let me teach here," the mustachioed soccer is not one of the most popular peared in the Philadelphia Inquirer: teacher began. sports in the United States, it seems FRANKFORD HIGH SCHOOL SETS COMMUNITY "This is an unusual school. We begin our clear that it is far and away the game PACE pep rallies with the National Anthem," with the widest appeal throughout the (By Robert Fowler) Gutelius said. "Now, how many schools do world. It has been estimated that more Frankford High School, located in the that?" Then he spoke about Killough. "The prin than 800 million persons watched, in per middle of a quiet, tree-shaded residential son and on television, while the underdog area at the base of Northeast Philadelphia, cipal is a super person. He's the main reason has become the center of intense pride over the school has stayed the way it has. He's West Germans defeated the Netherlands the 64 years it has served the surrounding a great combination of a disciplinarian who on Sunday to win the 14th competition neighborhoods. has great rapport with the kids." for the World Cup. While spray-painted graffiti have become AMICABLE SPmIT I believe the West German team, which the most visible means of student expression Elsie Kuhn, now a motivation counselor ref used to buckle under the pressure of at most city high schools, Frankford's walls at another high school, but who was at an early goal by the Netherlands, de remain unstained. Frankford until this year, contrasted her serves great credit for the excellent de It is a school intensely aware of its history present and past assignments. At Frankford, fensive skills they demonstrated and traditions. Its long halls, freshly she says, "everyone is so nice and friendly, throughout the grueling 90-minute con painted a bright yellow, are lined with cab everyone speaks." inets that bulge with trophies accumulated Many of those at the school saw Killough's test. by its winning teams, from its cricket team administration as a continuation of the The triumph by the West Germans back in the days before World War I, to its basic characteristics of the school that have truly makes them world champions, in a powerful football teams of today. marked almost its entire history. Many sense that our baseball, football, and bas Frankford's 4,000-member alumni as events seemed to directly connect Killough's ketball titlists cannot really match. For sociation recently published a 60-year-his era with past Frankford history. while our World Series is played by the tory of the school, from 1910 to 1970, whose The 60-year history tells, for instance, two finalists who have survived the com 228 pages ooze nostalgia through snapshots how in 1926 the students raised $12,000 to petition from 22 other American and Na of graduating seniors, sports heroes, coeds buy the magnificent, 1,608-pipe organ in the in convertibles, and overseas band tours. tional League teams, the World Soccer school's auditorium. Cup winner was one of 144 teams from And June 18, when members of the In 1962, the students raised $13,000 to school's 108th graduating class don their have it rebuilt. nations throughout the world. tassled academic caps and gowns at the There are other signs that the more things The West Germans, who finished third school's Memorial Stadium, an epoch in the change, the more they stay the same. Al in Mexico City 4 years ago and were run school's history will close-James A. Kill ners-up in England in 1966, have won a ough is retiring after 14 years as principal Angelo, the football coach, shattered all and 17 years as a history teacher at Frank precedents when he abandoned the single hard-earned and well-deserved cham ford. wing formation in 1965. pionship. Their players have proved their Students and teachers at the school But when Angelo's son, Skip, quarter mettle in the crucible of demanding con poured out a remarkable amount of praise backed the team last year, it evoked mem petition against the best the rest of the for Killough in interviews. "He's like the ories of the late 1940s when the coach him world has to offer in the way of soccer spirit of the school," said Tom Annuzlo, a self had played for Frankford. teams. 22480 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 I personally would be pleased if the logical problems which come from fight the Chattanooga Jaycees publication, the United States could field a team to carry ing in an unpopular war. These prob Activator, in the RECORD at this point: our banner in World Soccer Cup competi lems are not considered "service-con RESULTS FROM THE U.S. JAYCEE NATIONAL tion. For now, however, we must defer to nected disabilities" according to the VA CONVENTION the West Germans, who are truly worthy and therefore do not qualify the veteran Chattanooga Jaycees received more first champions of the world. for treatment. The Congress has a re place awards than any other chapter in the sponsibility to look into these allega country. tions. In our population, we received: The Veterans' Administration man 1st Place-Mental Health and Retarda VIETNAM VETERANS DEMON tion-Chairman, Dick Miles. ages the largest hospital system in the 2nd Place-Chapter Activities-Chairman, STRATE IN WASHINGTON country and its almost 100,00 beds are an Charlie Clevenger. indication of what it can do. There is a 1st Place-Youth Assistance-Chairman, ratio of 153 employees to 100 patients in Gordon O'Neill. HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER VA hospitals nationally. By comparison, 1st Place-Housing-Chairman, John Germ. OF WISCONSIN community hospitals average 292 em 1st Place-Criminal Justice-Chairman, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ployees to 100 patients and university hospitals have between 350 to 400 em Ron Berke. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 1st Place-Interclub Relations-Chairman, ployees for 100 patients. Tom Waller. Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker, The discharge system presently used 2nd Place-Unemployment and Retrain this past week the Vietnam Veterans has become a major problem to many ing-Chairman, Booker Scruggs. Against the War-Winter Soldier Orga veterans today. There are five classifi Chattanooga Jaycees had the outstand nization was in Washington to call at cations of discharges: honorable, general, ing project in the entire nation 1n the area tention to certain concerns of theirs. The undesirable, bad conduct, and dishonor of Criminal Justice. organization, which has expanded to in able. The first three are given admin clude nonveteran members, demon istratviely; there is no trial or hearing. strated in support of a number of de The last two require a court martial. mands growing out of the war in Indo The use of discharges other than honor THE LONG, LONG TRIAL china and continued U.S. presence there. able compound the problems already f ac Since the Gulf of Tonkin resolution in ing the veterans. A less-than-honorable HON. JAMES ABDNOR August of 1964, 6.7 million men and discharge can brand a veteran for life, se OF SOUTH DAKOTA verely limiting job opportunities and women have spent time in the military; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nearly 3 million of those in Indochina. Government benefits. Now that these men and women are back The veterans also voiced a strong con Tuesday, July 9, 1974 in civilian life, they are finding that this cern, which I share, regarding our con Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, much of administration has little more regard for tinued prolongation of the Vietnam war the Nation, including the national media, them than it had for the people of Indo by proxy. During the past year, the has focused its attention of late on pro china. Inadequate educational oppor United States has provided more than ceedings in our Federal court system. tunities, poor medical benefits, Iess $1 billion in aid to the corrupt govern One aspect of proceedings in our Federal than-honorable discharges and a lack of ments of South Vietnamese President courtrooms which has drawn consider jobs are some of the problems facing the Thieu and Lon Nol of Cambodia. able criticism from many quarters is the veterans today. The war in Indochina tore this coun pace at which criminal proceedings in The GI bill educational allowances try apart for 10 years and these veterans particular move toward conclusion. While have always been a great help to the re show that we have yet to heal all of the it may not seem that long, the now in turning veteran in securing the skills wounds caused by that war. famous incident which occurred at needed to get a good paying job. The The Vietnam Veterans Against the Wounded Knee, S. Dak., took place al Veterans' Administration gave single War-Winter Soldier Organization is an most a year and a half ago. veterans from World War II $75 per important organization and I feel that it Prosecution by the Federal Govern month in living allowances and paid up is the responsibility of all Members of ment of allegedly criminal activity con to $500 in tuition and fees. That amount Congress to listen to these people and to cerned with that 70-day ordeal has been covered the costs of 89 percent of the try to understand their dissatisfaction. taking place in a Federal courtroom in private schools in the country at that I welcome their efforts in the Nation's St. Paul, Minn., for some time now. Re time. Today, the single veteran gets a Capitol. cently, William Sumner, editor of the set sum of $220 per month to cover living St. Paul Dispatch, included his views of expenses and tuition. those proceedings in an edition of that Tuition at Harvard in 1948, for exam CHATTANOOGA JAYCEES publication. I know that many of my con ple, was $525 for the academic year, just stituents share editor Sumner's position $25 over the GI bill allowance. Today, on this matter, and I commend his edi the tuition at Harvard is $3,200, which is HON. LAMAR BAKER torial on the Wounded Knee trial to my $1,220 over the allowance. Even at State OF TENNESSEE colleagues: schools the average cost is $1, 765. This IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES THE LONG, LONG, TRIAL: A STRAIGHT ARROW'S VIEW OF WOUNDED KNEE leaves the veteran with a total of $215 to Tuesday, July 9, 1974 feed and house himself or herself for 9 (By William Sumner) months. Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, there are As with many of you, unlearned in the law The Veterans' Administration runs many reasons why I believe Chatta as we are, the Wounded Knee trial becomes the largest health care program in the nooga, Tenn., in the Third Congressional more bafiling as the days, weeks, and months country, with 170 hospitals and a medi District is an exceptionally fine place to pile up. cal budget of more than $3 billion a year. live. One of the most important reasons We like the swift and tidy justice we used is the quality of leadership exhibited by to see on Perry Mason and on "The Advo The VVA W-WSO has charged that while cates." We become confused when the defen the VA has some model hospitals, most the young men in the Chattanooga dants and judge in a supposedly important of them are understaffed and indiffer Jaycees. The Jaycees are consistently case criss-cross the country for one reason ent to the needs of patients. A recent found in the forefront of any movement or another. We ask the question: Ralph Nader report concluded that the which is destined to improve the quality "Is this a trial?" VA was "utterly incapable" of dealing of life in the Chattanooga community. I don't think so. Federal Judge Fred Nichol with the Vietnam-era veteran because Year after year, the Chattanooga chapter heard another case in South Dakota last of the Jaycees receive record numbers of week. Defendants Russell Means and Dennis the VA is primarily geared toward pro Banks roam here and there conducting ral viding care for the older chonically ill awards for their activities at the U.S. lies, the latest of which was conducted by men. Jaycee National Convention. This year is Means in the bar of a golf club on the Rose The VVA W-WSO also denounces the no exception. This year our Chattanooga bud Reservation in South Dakota. VA for its inability to deal with the prob chapter of the Jaycees received more The FBI is searching for Means on this one, lems of Vietnam-era veterans, problems first-place awards than any other chap although only three persons-two of them such as drug addiction and the psycho- ter in the country. I include the list from policemen-were hospitalized. July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22481' A Sioux Tribal Judge has issued an order ing contribution to the insurance industry, manent solution to the oil situation, nor restraining the arrest of Means while he is and; did it necessarily help us negotiate the on the reservation. It is doubtful if the order Whereas, Johnnie L. Cochran, Sr. has com cease-fire and troop disengagement be will be observed. Means will be off the reser pleted 29 years of service to the Golden State vation anyway on Friday to face a prelimi Mutual Life Insurance Company as an agent tween the Israeli and Sy1ian forces. nary hearing on riot charges resulting from a and district manager, and has achieved rec Detente does not represent a change in ruckus at the Minnehaha County Courthouse ognition as Chartered Life Underwriter from the divergent value orientation of moral in Sioux Falls on April 30. the American College of Life Underwriters, and ethical questions in the Soviet Union, That is why I don't think a trial is going and; nor does it represent an ideologic.al shift on here. Whereas, Johnnie L. Cochran, Sr. and his by either side which would diminish the The snow was on the ground and it was wife Hattie have reared four fine children "perpetual conflict" destined to confront well below freezing when proceedings began. while, at the same time, he has been active the two systems. It was so cold that demonstrators in favor as a member of Board of Deacons of the Sec The fact of the matter is that the So of the American Indian Movement were ond Baptist Church, a Boarc! Member of the driven indoors. Oh, there was some chanting 28th Street YMCA, the Urban League, and viets have not made one change to their and beating of drums, and a great many United Way, and was named Father of the Marxist-Leninist ideology even in light white liberals professed a desire to give South Year by the Los Angeles Sentinel and KABC of this era of proclaimed "peaceful co Dakota and parts of Minnesota back to the Television, existence" and, of equal importance, in Indians. But what Indians? Therefore, be it known this 22nd day of the face of the Sino-Soviet confronta That gets us beyond the point. June 1974 that we are in recognition of tion. This latter point causes one to seri This trial is a farce. It took about a month Johnnie Cochran's life of service and family ously ponder how the Soviet Union will to select a Jury. It took about a month to dedication, and further direct that this com argue about evidence the FBI may or may mendation be entered in the Congressional feel about detente in a post-Mao era in not have obtained illegally. Record. which China has leaders in agreement What seemingly has been overlooked is YVONNE BRATHWAITE BURKE, with the Soviet view of communism. Not the fact that the American Indian Move Member of Congress, 37th District, Cali withstanding the present feud, there is ment, uninvited, occupied Wounded Knee, fornia. consanguinity in the Soviet and Chinese s. D., for 71 days last year, ruining and ideology. Make no mistake about it, befouling private property, shooting with a "American capitalistic imperialism" re will and posing daily for eager beaver TV mains the number one enemy of the So cre~s who wanted to duplicate the "End of THE INSUFFICIENCY OF DETENTE the Trail," a pop painting of the early cen viet Union. Chairman Brezhnev's oft tury reproduced by the hundreds of thou quoted statement of June 1972, following sands. HON. ROBERT PRICE President Nixon's visit to the Soviet The expensive and gifted attorneys en OF TEXAS Union, sufficiently clouded the summit gaged by the defendants have attempted to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES meeting, but made it unmistakably clear make it a great political trial, as have Means Tuesday, July 9, 1974 that detente was just a means to an end. and Banks, and there has been some resent Peaceful coexistence in no way implies the ment over the fact that there has been less Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, possib111ty of relaxing the ideological struggle. national coverage than was expected. detente is used to characterize the com On the contrary, we must be prepared for this One irate young woman wrote to me de struggle to become more intense and an ever manding that the New York Times and plex relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. It was highlighted sharper form of confrontation between the Washington Post do a better job. two social systems-( Pravda, June 29, 1972). I have nothing to do with their assign during the President's visit to Moscow ment board, but would tend to suspect that in 1972, which generated euphoric waves The Soviet accommodation with the these newspapers, along with most of the of gossamer hopes, and it is being used United States cannot be considered as a rest, regard this as a disorderly conduct trial again in connection with this year's sudden and fundamental change in pol that bas somehow worked its way out of summit meeting. One must be properly Municipal Court and into a Federal Court. icy which can be applied with any de Meanwhile, the trial is costing the tax c.autious about extrapolating from the gree of predictability or consistency. It payers a lot of money and at this point seems confused conditions of international rela can only be viewed as a selfish willingness hardly worth the effort. No one is going to tions to the realities of motivational be on the part of the Soviet leadership to pay for the damage done at Wounded Knee havior and attaching too much signifi relax the tensions for specific purposes, by these media-wise "spokesmen" for the cance to a descriptive term which, by its namely to enhance Soviet economy and Indians and no one is going to discover play in the media, makes one feel com the Soviet position in world affairs. We whose bullet it was that pa1·alyzed one of fortable. Detente merely means a relaxa certainly cannot link detente to the full the U.S. marshals at the scene. tion of tensions-nothing more and noth The Judge, after ordering soft music and spectrum of Soviet policy issues vis-a-vis the scent of rose blossom for Kunstler, Lane, ing less; but many look at this descrip those of the United States. et al finally has let them get under his skin. tion of the state of affairs as a panacea Beneath the relaxation of tension be which is what they had hoped, and the show for all our international problems. tween the Soviet Union and the United creeps on dismally and boringly to the dis These same individuals, and indeed some s+.ates is a condition characterized by a appointment mainly of the defense. institutions, worry excessively about confused and whimsical mixture of ac Someone should take the show out of press reports that detente is fragile, fail cord and discord, depending on the issue. town. Surely the jury must have lost its ing, crumbling or collapsing. Yes, even Herein lies the danger in using any gen train of thought by now, if the bench has the barometers of our economic circum managed to keep the thread intact in the eralized description of the relationship. first place. stances have been affected by various re There remains the real possibility that But this trial by now has the significance ports on the conditions of detente. Un many will be lulled into a false sense of and interest of a road show version of "Rose fortunately the definition leaves much SPcurity and relax into a sensation of Marie." unanswered about the totality of the complacency. Such ominous perceptions state of affairs it attempts to describe could cause us to be overly trusting in and on that description rests far too n"gotiations and ill-prepared during con JOHNNIB L. COCHRAN, SR. much significance. frontations. Already some are saying It is perhaps less difficult to express that this era of detente permits us to re what the word does not mean or what it duce our national defenses. A breathtak Hon. Yvonne Brathwaite Burke will not do rather than what it means OF CALIFORNIA ing leap in logic, as now, more than ever, or will do. Detente is not a panacea, nor we must have a military establishment IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is it an agreement, contract, pact or ob second to none. Now that the Soviets have Tuesday, July 9, 1974 ligation in any form between the two reached nuclear superiority, or at best superpowers. Detente will not guarantee parity, we simply cannot afford to nego Mrs. BURKE of California. Mr. Speak peace between the United States and the er under leave to extend my remarks tiate from a weak hand. Soviet Union, nor is it a state of af As the President seel{S to move further in' the RECORD, I include the following: fairs which would preclude the need for CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, toward the "generation of peace" we all U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, a ready, modem, and well-equipped mili desire, we should support his goals, but Washington, D.C. tary establishment. Detente with the So we cannot afford to be overly optimistic. Whereas, Family and friends are honoring viet Union will not provide a basis for We should expect some tangible progress Johnnie L. Cochran Sr. for his devotion to agreement between the United States during the tedious process of improving his community, his family, and his outstand- and the Arab nations to arrive at a per- relations, but there is no magic formula 22482 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 for instant and lasting peace. While the 1964, 1954 and in the decades stretching into a recession, rampant inflation or nonenforce two nations appear energized and gal the distant past, the social and economic ment of hard-won civil-rights laws. vanized with differing intensities in a reality of the majority of black people has And never let us fall victim to the illusion been poverty and marginal status in the that the limited gains so bitterly wrenched desire to peacefully coexist, they are as wings of our society. from an unwilling nation have materially yet polarized in ideology-a fact of life The black middle class traditionally in changed the conditions of life for the over we must never forget, and an issue man cluded a handful of professionals and a far whelming majority of black people-condi ifestly unnegotiable. larger number of working people who, had tions still typified by discrimination, eco they been white, would be solidly "working nomic insecurity and general living condi class." The inclusion of Pullman porters, tions inferior to those enjoyed by the ma post-office clerks and other typical members jority of our white fellow citizens. THE TRUTH ABOUT THE BLACK of the old black middle class was due less to MIDDLE CLASS their incomes-which were well below those of whites-than to their relative immunity THE BIAS OF THE JUDICIARY from the hazards of marginal employment COMMITTEE that dogged most blacks. They were "middle HON. ANDREW YOUNG class" relative to other black people, not to OF GEORGIA the society at large. HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE Despite all the publicity, despite all the OF INDIANA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES photos of yacht-club cocktail parties, that is Tuesday, July 9, 1974 where the so-called black middle class stands IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES today. The CBS broadcast included a handy Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Mr. YOUNG of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, man and a postal worker. Had they been in the July 8 issue of Newsweek, white they would be considered working Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, for Mr. Vernon E. Jordan, Jr., executive di class, but since they were black and defied the past year many commentators have rector of the National Urban League, of media-fostered stereotypes, they were given pointed out that the general treatment fers a much-needed perspective on the the middle-class label. of the whole Watergate issue amounts to recent ballyhoo over a supposedly emerg INCOME a virtual lynching of the President. This ing "black bourgeoisie" in this country. Well, is it true that the black community is the President's reward for being a Re Mr. Jordan reminds us of the grim is edging into the middle class? Let's look at publican and an opponent of the dis facts of life for most black Americans, income, the handiest guide and certainly astrous policies of the liberal left. The the most generally agreed-upon measure goal is clear: to overturn the overwhelm and his statement deserves the atten ment. What income level amounts to middle tion of our colleagues. class status? Median family income is often ing 1972 election mandate; to obtain by With permission, I submit Mr. Jordan's used, since that places a family at the exact fraud what could not be won in a free article, "The Truth About the Black Mid midpoint in our society. In 1972 the median election. dle Class,'' for the RECORD: family income of whites amounted to $11,549, Those who doubt the partisan nature THE TRUTH ABOUT THE BLACK MIDDLE CLASS but black median family income was a mere of the Watergate issue, need only con (By Vernon E. Jordan, Jr.) $6,864. sider the obvious bias of the House Judi That won't work. Let's use another guide. Recent reports of the existence of a vast ciary Committee's treatment of impeach The Bureau of Labor Statistics says it takes ment. This bias was admirably displayed black middle class remind me of daring ex an urban family of four $12,600 to maintain plorers emerging from the hidden depths of an "intermediate" living standard. Using in recent actions of the Judiciary Com a strange, newly discovered world bearing that measure, the average black family not mittee's chairman, as is made clear in tales of an exotic new phenomenon. The me only is not middle class, but it earns far the following articles from the New York dia seem to have discovered, finally, black less than the "lower, non-poverty" level of Daily News and the Washington Star families that are intact, black men who are $8,200. Four out of five black families earn News. working, black housewives tending backyard less than the "intermediate" standard. gardens and black youngsters who aren't [From the New York Daily News, What a.bout collar color? Occupational July 2, 1974] sniffing coke or mugging old ladies. status is often considered a guide to middie And out of this "discovery" a new black class status, and this is an area in which CAPITOL STUFF stereotype is beginning to emerge. Immacu blacks have made tremendous gains, break (By Jerry Greene) lately dressed, cocktail in hand, the new ing into occupations unheard of for non WASHINGTON, July 1-House Judiciary black stereotype comes off as a sleek, sophis whites only a decade ago. When you look at Committee Chairman Peter Rodina's proce ticated professional light-years away from the official occupation charts, there is a dural problems over impeachment, now pos the ghetto experience. As I turn the pages of double space to separate higher-status from ing threats of endless delay in questioning glossy photos of these idealized, fortunate lower-status jobs such as la.borer, operative few, I get the feeling that this new black witnesses, may well have their origin in a and service worker. That gap is more than a conversation he held with three reporters last image is all too comforting to Americans typographical device. It is an indicator of Thursday. weary of the struggle against poverty and racial separation as well, for the majority of racism. Not one word was said about this issue But this stereotype is no more real than working whites hold jobs above that line, during the brief debate on the House floor was the old image of the angry, fire-breath while the majority of blacks are still con today before Rodino's request for a suspen ing militant. And it may be just as damaging fined to the low-pay, low-status jobs below sion of the rules-allowing expeditious ex to black people, for whom equal opportunity it. At the top of the job pinnacle, in the amination of witnesses--was rejected. The is stlll a theory and for whom a national ef elite categories of the professions and busi House failed by a 25-vote margin to give the fort to bring about a more equitable distribu ness, the disparity is most glaring, with one chairman the two-thirds majority he needed tion of the fruits of an affiuent society is still out of four whites in such middle-class jobs to by-pass a rule stipulating that each of the a necessity. After all, who can argue the need in contrast to every tenth black worker. 38 members of the Judiciary Committee for welfare reform, for guaranteed jobs, for TENUOUS GAINS would be allowed five minutes' questioning time. integrated schools and better housing, when Yes, there are black doctors, dentists and the supposed beneficiaries are looking out at lawyers, but let no one be fooled into think But while the subject was tactfully avoided us from the pages of national magazines, ing they are typical-these professions in before the vote was taken, the House mem smiling at the camera between sips from their clude only 2 per cent blacks. Yes, there are bers would have been less than human had Martinis? black families that are stable, who work, they not been mindful of the events of last BALLYHOO often at more than one job, and who own Thursday and Friday. The "new" black middle class has been cars and homes. And yes, they are repre HE PUT THE VOTE AT 27 TO IMPEACH seen recently in prime time on a CBS News sentative of the masses of black people who At noon on Thursday, in what was sup documentary; it has adorned the cover of work the longest hours at the hardest jobs posed to be a "background" discussion, The New York Times Magazine, and it has for the least pay in order to put some meat Rodino was said to have told three "visitors" been the subject of a Time cover story. But on the table and clothes on their backs. that all 21 Democratic members of the Judi its much ballyhooed emergence is more rep This should be emphasized in every way ciary and six Republican members would vote resentative of wishful thinking than of real possible in order to remind this forgetting for impeachment of President Nixon. ity. And important as it is for the dedica nation that there is a dimension of black The three "visitors" were reporters, one of tion and hard work of countless black fami reality that has never been given its due. whom insisted that "background discussion" lies finally to receive recognition, the image But this should not blind us to the reali was no restriction; a. full account of the con being pushed so hard may be counter-pro zation that even with such superhuman ef versation was published-and the six anti ductive in the long run. forts, the vast majority of blacks are still far Nixon Republicans were named. At least some The fa.ct is that the black middle class of from middle-class status. Let us not forget of these six were incensed and spoke loudly 1974, like that of earlier years, ls a. minority that the gains won a.re tenuous ones, easily a.bout their indignation to any and all who within the black community. In 1974, as in shaken from our grasp by a.n energy crisis, were within hearing. July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22483 Rodino hurried to the House floor on Fri only two of the six witnesses he requested in That is what is going on at Indiana day to denounce the published report-"to an effort to bolster his contention that the University of Pennsylvania. I congratu state unequivocally and categorically that President did not authorize the payment of late them for their excellent effort a-;id "hush money" to Watergate conspirators. this statement is not true. There is no basis encourage other institutions to folk1w in fact for it, none whatsoever." Even though the committee has been under The chairman went on to say he did not pressure to speed up the inquiry, St. Clair's their very fine example. know how anybody would vote on impeach request was not an extravagant one; it will ment, that no one should make a decision not take long to question four more wit until there had been a complete presentation nesses. If the witnesses have evidence bear of the case, that he had from the beginning ing on the "hush money"--one of the cen LEARNING TO READ IN THE labored to be "careful, deliberate, and alto tral issues in the impeachment inquiry-the GHETTO gether fair." committee should be eager to hear it. He said he had engaged in no partisan or Whether they have anything to add or not, biased discussion of impeachment evidence Rodino should have seen that refusal to hear HON. ROBERT J. HUBER or voting and all members knew it. more than two of St. Clair's witnesses would OF MICHIGAN THAT' S NOT QUITE THE POINT set off charges of railroading the President from the pro-Nixon camp. He reversed him IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rodino has on the face of it done a skill self yesterday and said all six witnesses Tuesday, July 9, 1974 ful, though leisurely, job as chairman of the would be called. impeachment panel; he has indeed exhibited As to the second error, Rodino was indis Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, recently a fairness. But that's not quite the point. creet to have discussed the possible outcome constituent of mine called my attention What underlay his rebuff this afternoon of the inquiry before it is over. The chair to an article that appeared in the Wall was the fact that he took the floor of the House to deny "unequivocally and categori man was reported to have told newsmen last Street Journal of June 10, 1974, showing week that all 21 Democrats were prepared to cally" a rather casual estimate that three that dedicated teachers using a modified reporters said they heard him make. vote to impeach Mr. Nixon. Although Rodino "track" method, commencing reading denied he had made such a flat assertion, it instruction early and intensively, can President Nixon's repeated proclamations appeared that he had engaged in speculation of innocence of wrong doing and some tes as to what the Democrats might do. succeed in an inner-city situation in an timony disputing his claims are the very Rodino would do well to leave such specu old decaying building. The emphasis, in essence of the impeachment charges pend lation to others. The inquiry not only should terestingly enough, is on phonics, which ing against him. we can all hope will make a comeback. There wasn't anything particularly wrong be fair but it needs to have the appearance in Rodino's guess as to the Judiciary Com of being fair. The curb on witnesses and the I would hope that the U.S. Office of Ed mittee's voting on the impeachment resolu chairman's loose talk did not serve that end, ucation will carefully study this program tion, although it was highly injudicious of but rather created the impression, valid or at P.S. 91 in Brooklyn and revise a little him to express the views before the "visi not, that the show was over even though all of its thinking. The article follows: tors," if indeed he did. The same estimate, the acts haven't been played. What that has done is to give rise to charges of committee LEARNING TO READ IN THE GHETTO roughly, has been made frequently by any (By James Ring Adams) number of observers, in and out of Congress. partisanship, the very thing that Rodino had wanted to avoid. BROOKLYN, N.Y.-P.S. 91, an aging, four TWICE AS MUCH AS IN THE SENATE story elementary school in a graffiti-blotched There are few who would believe that the decaying neighborhood, has an unusual prob Democratic leadership of the House had lem for an inner city school: So many edu anything in mind other than an up-or-down VETERANS PROGRAM AT INDIANA cators have beaten a path to its door to study vote by the House on impeachment when its operation that Principal Martin Schor is an original allocation of $1 million was made UNIVERSITY trying to discourage visits. Mr. Schor isn't for the Judiciary Committee's inquiry. finding it easy, because he and his young That's twice the amount of the first allow staff are succeeding brilliantly in what many ance given by the Senate to the Watergate HON. JOHN P. MURTHA consider a hopeless task, training black and investigating committee. OF PENNSYLVANIA Puerto Rican children from city slums to And with the overwhelmingly liberal views IN THE HOUSE OF' REPRESENTATIVES read at least as well as the average middle· class child. among Democrats on the committee, the Tuesday, July 9, 1974 slant of the final report to the House has P.S. 91 is located in the Crown Heights dis been scarcely in doubt. At best, there has Mr. MURTHA. Mr. Speaker, the Viet trict of Brooklyn, which is in the last stages been argument only over how many and nam-era veteran has encountered more of transition from middle-class white to what Republicans might join the Demo problems in pursuing his education than black and Puerto Rican. The change has cratic majority in voting for impeachment. been fed by migration from the infamous The Rodino boo-boo probably won't previous service personnel. For that rea Bedford-Stuyvesant "ghetto" to the north. change the outcome. Certainly, he won't step son, it is greatly encouraging to me The school itself is 81% black, 10% Puerto down as chairman at this late date. But since whenever I see strong attempts by col Rican and "other Spanish speaking," and the credibility of the accused is on the block, leges and universities throughout the only 6 % "other," meaning "white" in local it cannot ease queasy stomachs of uncertain Nation to stimulate the Vietnam-era vet educational jargon. About two-thirds of the · House members when the accuser lays him eran to return to school. students come from poor enough families to self open to challenge on somewhat similar A school I would like to single out for qualify for the free lunch program. Student grounds. turnover is high, more than 500 transfers particular praise in this area is Indiana this year out of slightly more than 1,300 reg University of Pennsylvania. Activities by istered. Yet some 54 % of these pupils read [From the Washington Star-News, the school have included newspaper ad at or above national levels. In the second July 2, 1974] vertisements pointing out special pro grade, least affected by the high turnover, CURBS AND LOOSE TALK gram opportunities for area veterans; the average pupil reads almost one year House Judiciary Committee Chairman consistent planning and work by the ahead of the national norm. Peter Rodino, for the most part, has done a veterans' counselor to coordinate pro This is a respectable record by national good and fair job in keeping the impeach standards, but by big city standards, it is grams and efforts with university offi outstanding. Only 33.8% of New York City's ment inquiry in bounds and on course. But cials; making veterans well aware of the he made two serious errors of judgment the elementary school children read at or above past few days, one of which he wisely cor scholarship opportunities that do exist grade level, and Tetardation of two years or rected yesterday, but not before a good deal for veteran-students; and encourage more exceeds 30 % in the poorest of its de of ill-feeling was engendered. ment of the Veterans Club by IUP. centralized school districts, compared with The first-the one corrected-was a deci This activity has combined to result in only 4% at P.S. 91. (In the hypothetical sion to restrict the number of witnesses that the fact that during the fall semester "average school," 50% of the student body President Nixon's lawyer, James St. Clair, of 1973, more than 400 veterans were would read at or above grade level.) wanted to call before the committee. The involved in college study programs at THE COLEMAN REPORT other was talking too much about what the Indiana University. To me, that is a most Moreover, P.S. 91, like a number of other committee's Democratic majority might or encouraging sign and shows that positive successful slum schools that have recently might not do when the vote is taken on action will produce results. come to the attention of educational re whether to recommend impeachment. Both searchers, by its example refutes the current provided the White House with an oppor It is quite easy for businesses and or fatalism about educating inner city children. tunity to assail the integrity of the commit ganizations to sit back and wait for its This fatalism has been in vogue since the tee and score public relations points that clients to come to them. But it is out famous government-sponsored Coleman Re have little to do with the real issue. standing to see an institution and its port of 1966 that concluded, perhaps too The committee, at the direction of Rodino, personnel willing to make an extra effort hastily, that "schools bring little influence to last week told St. Clair that he could call to insure success for a valuable program. bear on a child's achievement that is inde· 2248( EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 pendent of his background and genera.I social formance. But it allows efficient use of man blocked by workmen fixing a. leak in the roof, context."" power. Bright classes can move quickly, so he exclaims, "You see, you can't use excuses.'' This. report. one ot the largest surveys ever Mr. Schor keeps them large, with about 30 The visitor also finds plenty of variety in taken o! American schools did show that pupils. Slow classes, with from 12 to 15 chil the classes, 1n spite o! the emphasis on funda learning achievement varied widely among dren, get more attention and better teach mentals. Second-graders demonstrate one schools of different racial and regional back ers. favorite teaching technique, improvising ground, even though their budgets might be The result, according to Mr. Schor, is satis dramas from reading material. As pupils take equal. But the popular exaggeration of this fying both for pupils, who view the class the role of a; giant, a king and three daugh finding-that the schools, therefore, ma.de no transfers as a reward for success, and for ters of di1ferent character, the girl who plays difference in learning-has come increas teachers. "My teaehers are happy because the wicked daughter teasingly lapses into ingly under attack. According to George they can succeed'.'' says Mr. Schor. "They're neighborhood dialect. Weber, associate d1nmtor of the Council for not" ea.ting their hearts out all day." Mr. Schor also shows off a display of Basic Education, the mass statistics of the Mr. Schor also puts heavy emphasis on African masks from art class, a filth-grade Coleman Report obscured the fact that some phonics. By teaching pupils to "decode" French lesson (one of 16 1n various grades, slum schools were doing a good job. To refute words in the fil'st year, he says, the school including 500 children), and a music class, the fashionable pessimism about the schools, gives them tools to learn more on their a little top-heavy 1n Violins. "We beg and he says, "All I have to do is find one school own. Mr. Schor also mentions the reading borrow the instruments from other schools which does what they say cannot be done." materials, primarily the Open Court se in the district," he explains_ "What the But it's easier to shuw the importance of ries, which he praises for Us simply writ others don't want, we utillze.'' The class successful slum schools than to explain how ten manual as well as for its "well rounded serenades the departing Vfslto:r with a spir they do it. In the case of P.S. 91, one obvious cultural program.'' Some supplemental read ited, if discordant, rendition of "Pomp and factor is its slight, energetic principal. Mar ing deals with black history, but the readers Circumstance." tin Schor. who runs the school with a miX ma.ke little attempt to be "relevant." Instead ture of tradition, comm-on-sense innovation of tales a.bout urban life, the children read and taut organization. excerpts from Cervantes and Aesop's fables. OPERATION PEACE OF MIND Early in Mr. Schor's career, he taught Says Mr. Schor. "We don't have to worry science at a vocational high school where about 'urban minority groups.' They eat this he was shocked by his students• reading up:• HON. BARBARA JORDAN problems. "We couldn't use books at all," he The success or m!norlties at P.S. 91 has recalls. As a. result~ when he came to P.S. 91 given school officials a talking point against OF TEXAS ten and a half years ago, he organized the some of the more racially oriented. (some IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES school to teach reading as efficiently and as might say patronizing) recommendations Tuesday, July g, 1974 early as possible. As his system gradually that have come out of the U.S. Office of Edu evolved, his student body changed from 65 % cation that black and Puerto Rican children Miss JORDAN. Mr. Speaker, recently white to80% black. be tested by different standards than white to the Texas State delegation was informed "The stress has be on early childhood," children. "If only more people in high places he explains, "because if the child can't read that Operation Peace of Mind, a program subscribed to your belief in the ability of designed to assist runaway youth and by the end of the first year, you're constantly minority group children," New York Board doing remedial work." Mr. Schor begins read of Education President Sepmour P. Lach their families, was denied funding by ing instruction in kindergarten and assigns man declared last fall in a speech to the statt the Department of Health, Education, his best teachers to first grade. of P.S. 91. and Welfare. It was established by our Mr. Schor must also make every minute Examples like P.S. 91 have also spurred in Governor, Dolph Briscoe, as an after count, a point he emphasizes as he shows math of the Houston mass murders. To visitors around his classrooms. He briskly dis terest in case studies of schools which pro misses several popular ideas in education, duce better (or worse) results than their deny funding for a program which has such as "heterogeneous grouping" and the "socio-economic background" would lead one demonstrated its success countless times "open classroom." to expect. Mr. Weber of the CBE published over and which is so badly needed, is to In the open classroom, several groups woik one of the first three years ago. In March, the deny many American parents and chil simultaneously on a. variety of things and the New York State Education Department re dren possible reconciliation and "peace child chooses which one to join. The general leased a. study of 12 better, and worse, than of mind." Therefore, I have taken the idea is to promote his individual develop average inner city schools. But researchers are still divided on the liberty of writing to HEW Secretary ment. Grouping does take place in P.S. 91 Caspar Weinberger urging him to recon classrooms, as children share a tape recorder ingredients for success in the slums. The with an octopus-like array of headsets, or New York state study cited seven factors, in sider the decision not to fund Operation work on self-correcting teaching machines or cluding rapport with the student, effective Peace of Mind. For the edification of my write their own stories. But teachers assign control of classes, teacher preparation before colleagues, the following is a description the child to the activity they think he needs each class, and "forceful and positive leader of Operation Peace of Mind provided by most. "We don't depend on his free choice to ship," whether from principal, assistant prin the Texas State office: cipal or group of dedicated teachers. The learn the skills," says Mr. Schor. "We teach OFFICE OF STATE-FEDERAL RELA the skills. I can't afford to wait with these state's watchdog Office of Education Perform ance Review took a closer look at two of the TIONS, STATE OF TExAs, children." June ZS, 1974. Mr. Schor also can't afford the extra en schools in this study and rejected most of these factors. This second report concluded, To: The Texas Delegation. ergy needed to run a heterogeneous class, From: Alan R. Erwin, Director. which mixes together children of different "the quality and attitude of the administra tion seemed to be the only real difference." Subject: Operation Peace of Mind. levels of ability. Mr. Schor argues that in Governor Briscoe has asked me to con such classes the teachers gear their work to But Mr. Weber remains suspicious of such pat conclusions which, he warns, may often vey to you his very strong support and re the middle of the class, boring the bright quest for aid for Operation Peace of Mind, a pupils and losing the slow ones. "The aver be determined in advance by the researcher's decision to study some factors and disregard volunteer program in Houston created to age teacher can't handle that set-up," he help runaways and their families. says. "A good teacher can, but there aren't others. "You're analyzing a very complex human activity," he cautions. "A school is The program, established shortly after that many good teachers." the discovery of the homosexual murder Instead, Mr. Schor has devised a system a living, changing, dynamic organism." ring in Houston, has been a phenomenal suc geared to the "average teacher." His basic THE ESSENTIAL POINT cess. Through its work, more than one thou principle is to group students by their read Mr. Schor agrees that his visitors often miss sand families in 47 states have been re ing ability, which superficially resembles the united and more than 2,700 messages have traditional homogenous classroom. But he the point. "The trouble is they take a part of the program that strikes their fancy,'' he been relayed between runaways and their makes a major innovation. "In the old ho anxious families. Its mission is simple-they mogeneous classrooms," he observes, "the complains. "You have to take the whole program." have a national WATS number which has kid was tracked for life." But with compe been widely publicized. The runaways can tent teaching, he argues, brighter children What the visitor can discover is that a call the number and ask that any message will begin to outpace their classmates. So he school can succeed even in the absence of provides "constant inter-class transfers," in they wish be relayed to anyone they wish. highly desirable conditions. The cubical red Aside from the obvious service of reuniting which a student who begins to excel moves brick building is 70 years old and shows it. on to a higher level within his grade. families, the program has ta.ken much pres Because intruders last year committed two sure o:ff local law enforcement officials who Frequent transfers up provide a boost in muggings, Mr. Schor has put locks on class morale for the students who learn well. were being deluged with phone calls from Transfers to a lower level, which might prove room doors, and some teachers lock them over the country to see if their runaway son discouraging, are kept to a minimum by care selves in during class. Because the school's was am.ong the victims. ful attention to original placement of the reading scores are too high to quali1y for The program ls expensive-averaging $3,000 student. This system requires the school to special aid its budget is the lowest in the a month. Money to continue it has come keep constant track of each student's per- district. As Mr. Schor finds one stairway from Governor Briscoe and often out of the July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF IIBMARKS 22485 pockets of the over 250 volunteers who have those around her and to those who see And, perhaps even more important, the manned the phones in a Houston hotel room. and benefit from her continued good family, following Mr. Johnson's lead, en Ms. Grace Surgay, director of the program, deeds. couraged Lady Bird to undertake jobs that and Ms. Sue Cunningham of Governor Bris would keep her busy when the time came coe's staff were contacted recently by repre The authors of the article note that for her to make the adjustment to widow sentatives of the regional office of HEW in Mrs. Johnson knows who she is and will hood. Dallas, who has high praise for the program not allow herself to be sidetracked. She She had said in 1969 upon returning to the and suggested that we apply for funds from does the things which are closest to the LBJ Ranch from the White House that she the HEW Runaway Program. They suggested, main interests of her life-helping the might like to be a university trustee. When in fact, that we ask for $100,000. We did so Lyndon B. Johnson Presidential library, Texas Governor Preston Smith offered her a gladly, seeing an opportunity to continue and working with beautification projects, 6-year term on the University of Texas Sys perhaps extend what Governor Briscoe con working with education and young peo tem board, Lyndon Johnson encouraged her siders one of the finest volunteer programs he to accept. She al ~ o took a 6-year term on a has ever run across. ple, and spending more time with her National Park Service ad.-isory board. We were rejected by HEW here in Wash family and more time seeing the country It is not surprising, therefore, to find ington. Two other programs were funded-a than her life as First Lady allowed. that during her first year and a few months drug referral hotline in Montgomery County, I would like to reprint the article con of widowhood Lady Bird has kept very busy Maryland, and a hotline in Chicago. The cerning Mrs. Johnson in the RECORD at living the same sort of scheduled life that Chicago program has contacted us with a this time: used to revolve around her husband's plans request to send their personnel down to and comfort. She still rises early, is never [From the Dallas Morning News, June 16, late for an appointment and makes sure that Houston for a week to see how to set up 1974) their program-in other words to initiate the half hour she allots to a friend or rela what we have already had in existence for LADY BIRD-ALONE DESPITE PUBLIC tive is totally his. Once the time is up, she almost a year. APPEARANCES turns to the next matter at hand with equal We were told our program was not well (By Flora Rheta Schreiber and Stuart Long) concentration and warmth. publicized. However, it has been featured by JOHNSON CITY, Tex.-Spring flowers were Lady Bird knows who she is and will not Dear Abby, Seventeen, U.S. News and World popping out along the roadsides, conveying allow herself to be sidetracked. She's al Report, McCalls and the New York Times a sense of renewal after the browns of win ways gracious, warm and giving, but not at Magazine, as well as hundreds of newspaper ter. Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson drove here for the expense of herself or her time. Her life features. Fourteen governors have initiated a simple ceremony to rename the small is scheduled, and she plans three months programs in their states to publicize our Johnson City Hospital for her husband. Her ahead. program. Florida recently put $20,000 in its grandchildren unveiled the name plate as Like other presidential widows, Mrs. John state budget to publicize Peace of Mind and townspeople stood by, waiting to visit with son receives a $20,000 annual pension. But a PR firm in Arizona has initiated through their most famous neighbor who lives up the she administers the business affairs of the private money a complete campaign to pub Pedernales River at the LBJ ranch 10 miles company which still operates KLBJ, the radio licize the numbers of Operation Peace of away. station which built the family's fortune. A Mind. The day before, Mrs. Johnson had pre canny businesswoman, Mrs. Johnson still Governor Briscoe and the volunteers of sented Walter Cronkite with a journalism keeps an eye on her businesses and invest Peace of Mind-and I'm sure the grateful award at the University of Texas and had ments in the family company which now be families who have been helped-need help seen her Secret Service men, with the as longs to her and her daughters. to continue paying the bills. Anything you sistance of a newspaperman, capture a Her husband always encouraged Lady Bird might do to help would be greatly appreci streaker who barely failed to disrupt the "to do her own thing" at the same time that ated, including a speech on the floor of the ceremony. Mrs. Johnson is a regent at the he challenged her to do and look her best. House or Senate or an insertion in the Rec University. She still goes to the Greenhouse, a Texas ord, and most importantly, a letter from you These glimpses into two recent days in the spa, for rest, relaxation and beauty treat to Secretary Weinberger asking him to recon busy life of Lady Bird Johnson epitomize ment. But she also allows herself a few more sider the decision to refuse funding. As I four interests which occupy the most recent visits to the refrigerator than when LBJ was know you are aware, unanimous support from of the presidential Widows--fl.owers and beau around to help her count calories. the Texas Congressional delegation is still the ty; grandchildren and family; education and Always eager for a time that was wholly most powerful red tape cutter in Washington. young people, and devotion to the memory of hers unmarred by clock or calendar, Lady I hesitate to ask for your support in a Lyndon Baines Johnson, her husband for Bird Johnson has also been doing some of case where an administrative decision has 38 years. the private things denied her as a presi already been made by a federal agency, but The way of life in which these interests dent's wife or even as the wife of a former I feel that this program has not been ade are expressed is markedly different from what president. She made a trip to Europe with quately understood by HEW and is so worthy it was when Lyndon Johnson was alive. Gone Chuck and Lynda Rohb, her son-in-law and and important that it deserves your support. is the entourage with which Mrs. Johnson daughter, to see some of the things a presi Anything you can do to help Operation was surrounded, except for the Secret Service dential party just can't see. Peace of Mind will be greatly appreciated. men. Her only secretary is the one who works With the Marshall Steves of San Antonio, with her at the LBJ Library. Gone is the RUNAWAYS! she made a trip to Mexico where she visited ranch kitchen staff. Mrs. Johnson now maJ-es with former President and Mrs. Miguel Ale Your messages relayed to family (com her own breakfast, sometimes cooks her own man, who are old friends. With the Steves, pletely confidential). dinner. Now she drives her own cair and at too, she also made a trip to New England to Call-"Peace of Mind," (free-no charge). Christmas even delivers her own Christmas see the autumn leaves. InHouston,524-3821; in Texas, 1-800-392- packages. On a visit to Washington, D.C., she drove 3352; out-of-State, 1-800-231-6946. There is loneliness for Mrs. Johnson at the to the house on 30th Place which was the ranch these days but no privacy. Tourists Johnson's residence during most of his years on mini-buses make the ranch a public place. in Congress and to The Elms where they lived Yet loneliness is assuaged by having been while he was vice-president. She's also driven A LOOK AT THE FIRST YEAR ALONE psychologically prepared for widowhood. across the South en route to Washington to And significantly, it was Lyndon Johnson have a first-hand look at the way towns and himself who did most to prepare Lady Bird cities and their roadsides have been beau for this eventuality. tified. HON. J. J. PICKLE Lyndon Johnson told his wife that he was "The billboards are really coming down," OF TEXAS going to die soon. He brought in their two she told us with some awe, since this was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES daughters, Luci and Lynda, and their sons one of "Lady Bird's Laws" passed during the in-law, Pat Nugent and Chuck Robb, to make Johnson years. Now, as when she was First Tuesday, July 9, 1974 the necessary arrangements for smoothly Lady, she urges people to concern themselves Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, two good transferring a large estate. with keeping the beauty of this country writers have taken the time to try to The Johnsons then proceeded to sell part alive. As she puts it, "The more I work with give us a view of the current lives of our of the ranohland under a contract by which people who are knowledgeable and full of former first ladies. The articles begin Mrs. Johnson has absolute veto power on zest, the more I want to be a part of the with Mrs. Lady Bird Johnson, a widow how it is to be used, to make sure that the project." She adds, "I'm a natural born op beauty of the Texas Hlll Country land is not timist, and I think the problems man has for a little more than a year now. marred. They cave the main ranch to the created he can solve." As the lives of Presidents and their National Park Service with the understand With this attitude, Mrs. Johnson continues wives have often been examples the ing that Mrs. Johnson will live at the ranch her beautification work. She gives an award country sought to emulate, it is impor itself as long as she chooses. They sold their each year to the Texas highway mainten tant that in her life alone, Mrs. John television station and drew a careful will ance foreman who has done the best road son continues to be an inspiration to with Lady Bird as executrix. side job. Last year, it went to a man whose 22486 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 work in arid far West Texas was done with is being said. "Poor man," she might say as CONFIDENCE AT STAXE cactus and other desert plants. she steers the conversation into another But, I would like to suggest here today She is working right now on the LBJ direction. that there is here at issue something more Grove in Lady Bird Park on the Potomac. A And this is the way Lady Bird Johnson important than the ultimate fate of the in national fund-raising drive is under way to has made her adjustment to widowhood dividual who is the President at this moment. assuaging loneliness by being intensely in make it a grove of white pines, with walks What is being tried here is the confiden~e and flowers, where peop'l.e can go to view the volved in the aspects of life, both public and of the American people in our institutions: beauty of the nation's capital. private, that have always absorbed her. the p residency, the courts, and, most specific Mrs. Johnson sold the LBJ Ranch cattle ally, the Congress itself. Even more important at auction, and, like any rancher's wife, felt is the degree of the people's confidence in the prices she received were not high enough. their respect for and belief in--our govern But she did not share her husband's interest IMPEACHMENT: THE CASE FOR mental process and the constitution. The in cattle. FULL BROADCAST COVERAGE process of impeachment which could lead to "That was Lyndon's thing," she told us, the removal of a President duly elected by "It was not my life. Beautification makes my t he people-indeed, by a substantial majority heart sing. That's my thing." HON. LIONEL VAN DEERLIN of the people-is a. major and highly sensitive Another of her "things" is the LBJ Library OF CALIFORNIA decision for it goes to the heart of the Ameri at Austin, where last fall, following in her IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES can system of democratic government. husband's footsteps, she became the central It is important to all of us that this process figure in presenting the LBJ urban affairs Tuesday, July 9, 1974 not be undertaken lightly and that every papers. thing possible be done by those directly in She brought in the leaders of the nation's Mr. VAN DEERLIN. Mr. Speaker, in volved to insure that we maintain and, where cities-architects, planners and thinkers, not a few short weeks this House may well be necessary, help restore confidence in our in to talk of the past, but to seek ways to conducting impeachment procedures stitutions of government and democratic make the cities live again. To her the sym the first such case involving a President processes. Certainly those 1n Congress en posium connected with the event was "one since 1868. trusted with the duties given to them by the of those yeasty times" when thoughts and Constitution must perform their tasks with ideas are born. There seem few parallels between to day's events and the impeachment of •'wisdom, decency and principle" that Mr. Lady Bird Johnson also brought many Rodino urged upon them. great civil rights leaders to participate in Andrew Johnson. And in one respect, at It is equally essential, however, that the the ceremonies accompanying the presenta least, we should manage a distinct im public, i! it is to believe in its representa tion of an award to Roy Wilkins of the provement. This time, thanks to radio tives, its institutions and constitutional NAACP and to muse on LBJ's great pro and television, it should be possible to process-it is of equal importance that the grams in civil rights. Earlier, the civil rights involve the entire American public in a citizen know and understand the process and education papers had been opened with constitutional event which affects each and its application in this critical instance. the symposia. There is no better means, I believe, to de Still to come is the presentation of papers of them intimately. We shall soon be called upon to decide velop that knowledge and understanding concerned with the environment. Mrs. John than through direct personal observation of son's hand is clearly visible as she supervises whether the people, through live broad the process, supplem-ented by intelligent and each detail of the arrangements for these cast coverage of House proceedings, are helpful background and analysis. ceremonial occasions, each of which is a entitled to a fuller understanding of this We had hoped that many of the sessions living testament to her husband's memory. event than the print media alone can of the Judiciary Committee would be open to And whenever she is invited to meetings in provide. the public. Unfortunately, to date these ses volving his place in history, she accepts with I hope our decisions will be to widen, sions have not been open with the exception alacrity. rather than to restrict that participation of fifteen or twenty minutes at the beginning "Lyndon said he would like to be remem - of the hearings. It is expected, however, that bered as the education president," she ex and understanding. I urge my colleagues the House debate on impeachment and the plains, "and as the President who made a to consider some of the points made in trial in the Senate, if one or both events real try on the unfinished business of civil a recent address by Hartford N. Gunn, should take place, will be "open" to the pub rights, on making President Lincoln's proc Jr., president of the Public Broadcast lic-at least in the technical sense that in lamation a reality." ing Service. dividuals other than the legislators them Lyndon's memory, still fresh, is a daily Mr. Gunn's remarks follow: selves ould be permitted to be present. But reality for Lady Bird. She talks of him fondly, what effect will this have on our average citi sweetly, always with a pleasant smile, never .ADDRESS TO THE CONCURRENT LUNCHEON: PBS PROGRAMING CoNFERENCE, ANNUAL PuBLIC zen whom legislators, journalists and polit with tears. Although she has mourned, i::he ical scientists agree should be fully informed is neither morbid nor shut-off. When she is INFORMATION CONFERENCE, NINTH ANNUAL PTV DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE on all matters pertaining to the impeach at the ranch she takes a walk ea~h day, some ment proceedings? (By Hartford N. Gunn, Jr.) times to the pasture, sometimes to the SHOULD BE TRULY PUBLIC Johnson family cemetery, which is part of Some weeks ago in Room 2141 of the mon the ranch. Standing at her husband's grave umental Rayburn Building in Washington, Public hearings imply the chance for per with the red granite monument, she re D.C. she raps of the gavel at ten past one in sonal observation. Assuming that our aver age citizen wants to be fully informed and members. the afternoon brought 38 men and women to Memory sometimes rises unbidden to the a point in history without precedent in our has the time and money to come to Wash outer edges of consciousness. When six-year lifetimes. After a reading by the chairman of ington, let's look at the formidable odds he old Lyn Nugent rode a horse by himself for faces if he wishes to observe these activities the group of the resolution establishing their directly. When the Judiciary hearings the first time, his grandmother laughed, charge, the chairman then said: clasped her hands together and said aloud, opened, "the public" was admitted for fifteen "We understand our high constitutional or twenty minutes to observe the opening yet only to herself, "Gee, wouldn't Lyndon responsibility. We will faithfully live up to have loved that." ceremonies. There were chairs in the hearing it. room for 150. 90 chairs were given to the But mostly it is the public side of life "For some time, we have known that the that assuages loneliness and mitigates press for their reporters, 43 chairs went to real security of this nation lies in the integ the aides and guests of the committee mem against the painful awareness of bereave rity of its institutions and the trust and in ment. In this public sphere Mrs. Johnson bers and 10 went to the committee's staff formed confidence of its people. We conduct assistants. The average citizen got one of the devotes a full slice of her time to her fourth our deliberations in that spirit." remaining 11 seats. field of interest-education and young people. So spoke Representative Peter Rodino, Jr., If the Judiciary Committee were to rec She has her office at the LBJ Library, which Chairman of the Judiciary Committee of the ommend a Bill of Impeachment, it would go ts on the campus of the University of Texas. House of Representatives. to the fioor of the House of Representatives From her window she ca.n see the students, Thus, for the first time in this century and which we are told might be open to "the and she finds time to talk with many of only for the second time since the founding public". It will be less crowded in the spec them. of this country, have we as a nation begun tators' gallery of the House of Representa One is also very much aware that the Lady the process which could lead to the impeach tives, of course, but not much. The House Bird Johnson of 1974, knowing who she is, ment of a President of the United States. gallery has 732 seats or not quite five times has not forgotten her days as First Lady. Whether this process goes to its comple the number of seats in the Judiciary Com She remains staunchly protective of the tion; whether the President ultimately will mittee's room. If an impeachment trial is office of the presidency and of Mr. Nixon iJl be acquitted or found guilty of "high crimes held, this critical activity will take place in that office. When people make negative re and misdemeanors" is of immediate impor the Senat e before only 425 spectators in the marks about him 1n her presence, she brings tance, for any decision directly affects the Senat e 's gallery. the remark to a. halt, making it clear that leadership of this country for the next two Of course, you1l have to get passes fron1 she isn't participating and doesn't like what and one-half years. your Congressman to get in, and you will be July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22487 competing with an even greater number of This is not the case. As recently as two the public-to be exposed to a complete and Congressional aides, friends, relatives, press, weeks ago, the House Majority Leader, Con direct account of what ls happening and etc. gressman Thomas P. O'Ne111, responding to why. If you are an average citizen and want to Paul Duke on Washington Straight Talk over For, as I said earlier, it is not just the fate have direct personal knowledge and observa PBS concerning the televising of the pro· of an individual that is the issue here, but tion of your government, my advice would be ceedings on the floor of the House-the Maj our institutions and process of government to save your air fare. Your chances are not ority Leader said, "Well, I've always been op that are in question. It would be irresponsi much better than one in a half million that posed to it." He went on to say, " ... and how ble to exclude the public from such crucial you will get past the Capitol police to one much interest is there in the people of experience. of those several hundred seats. America just looking down at the floor and FAIRNESS TO PRESIDENT Well, you will have the reports on the im watching this proceeding take place?" peachment process from the journalists of It is quite possible that, if the present view Secondly, as complete an understanding as radio, television, newspapers and news mag of leadership in the House of Representatives is possible ls needed, if acquittal of the azines. Hopefully, in a few cities you may prevails, the House, at the very least, will President or dismissal of the charges were to be fortunate enough to get complete trans not be open to television for the impeach take place. For the President must have cripts of the hearings and trial, lf held. But ment proceedings, although it appears at this sufficient support from the public if his in most cities you will receive the standard time that the Senate may permit coverage final years in office are to be useful and journalistic coverage which can be spotty and of a trial, if held. effective. Conversely, the public must under not of uniformly high quality. Even if all There are a number of arguments that stand as completely as possible why a Presi such reportage were complete and accurate, have been advanced by people in and out of dent they overwhelmingly elected only a year you would lack the nuances of the inflection Congress as to why television should be de and a half ago was impeached and removed and the appearance of the speakers, the im nied access to these proceedings. from office if tha.t were to be the decision of mediacy of the event, and a sense of pres Some claim that the impeachment proc Congress. ence and atmosphere in which such a serious ess ls analogous to a trial. Trials are gener An immense amount of information con and fundamental act of government is taking ally not open to television primarily to pre cerning alleged wrongdoing in this admin place. vent the trial from being prejudiced by pub istration has been put forth by the varioµs TECHNOLOGY IS AVAILABLE licity and the application of outside pres media in the two years sinc.e Watergate en We are fortunate, however, to have in our sures, or from jeopardizing the rights of the tered our vocabularies. The public ls owed innocent or the accused, etc. I pel'Sonally as full and complete access as our technol time the technological advance we call tele ogy and governmental and constitutional vision which can, if permitted, overcome most doubt tha:t the criminal trial analogy holds of the inadequacies of reaching and serving here. Impeachment, if it were to take plaee, process permit. The necessity for this I be certainly is not a criminal trial. Rather it lieve, ls clear, for in either instanc~-the the needs of the average citizen. acquittal or the removal of the President Television ls unique in its ability to help is part of what should be an orderly, albeit the citizen to observe, study, and under extraordinary, constitutional action of gov it is public opinion that well determine ernment for the purpose of determining whether the country and its leaders can go stand the process as it unfolds. One can, forward. through full television coverage, probably see whether an individual is fit to hold the high and hear more than as a spectator in person est office in the land. In any case, the pub Though direct, personal observation does in the galleries. One certainly can weigh the licity is likely to be so all pervasive, so over not insure complete understanding, it does oral arguments and evidence better than one whelming with every medium of communi seem better to risk the unknown of full and ca.n through even the most complete second cations turned full force on so momentous direct disclosure than to risk the real like er third-hand comments of ainy paper, mag and critical an event that it is difficult to lihood of serious miscommunication and mis azine or news broadcast. In short, the citizen see how any further harm might be done. understanding as a result of partial or inade becomes a participant in much the same On the contrary, the citizen who is able to quate disclosure. sense as the citizen is a participant in the see and hear for himself may be in a better Senator Barry Goldwater has put it even electoral process. He or she is free to make a position to moderate those pressures which more succinctly, "Things have gone too- far personal assessment based on direct observa spring from lack of information or misin for secrecy now." tion. formation. I hope Congress Will open its actions on any It is my belief that the credibility of our WOULD IMPRESS THE WORLD impeachment proceedings and trial to com plete radio and television coverage, not be leadership, our institutions, and the govern The same argument for complete access mental process is at issue. here, and we must cause those of us in television so request would apply to the rest of the world. We but because the Congress itself ls persuaded use all means to reach the citizen in the most refer to our system of government as being effective way. Television offers the best means that the maximum fl.ow of information to open and participatory; we say that our 200- the public is the best protection for a demo to reach the citizen where he is with much year-old constitutien is relevant to our of what he needs to know. cratic society. times. Despite, I think, the persuasiveness of the The Judiciary Committee, for example, Rather than our being embarrassed by having gone on record initially as planning arguments for television coverage of the im opening the process of our government to peachment process, I am concerned, as I said to open its hearings to television has, as of world view, we can hope that complete cov today, not done so. This initial decision in earlier, that Congress will decide otherwise. erage will add to world understanding-pos First, because the public-you and I-have favor of closed hearings up to this time, in sibly, in the _midst of the confusion, even my personal opinion, has had unfortunate not made our opinions on this matter known some admiration of a system of government to our representatives. I would urge you, consequences. I believe that the virtual tor that is so open and the citizen so fully rent of "leaks" from these so-called "closed" therefore, to make your own feelings on tele served. vision coverage of these proceedings known hearings to the press has not benefited any Other arguments for excluding televiSion one. to your representatives. I would urge you to coverage of floor debates and actions in call this question to the attention of the Certainly they do not relieve President clude the following: Some argue that cov Nixon in any direct way as they highlight public-not with the objectiv.e of telling peo erage of floor debates and actions has never ple what to do or how to think, but with only the worst or sensational aspects of his been permitted-but I would think it is high situation. _the intention of seeing that the American time that the floors of both Houses of Con public has all the facts and all of the pros They do not benefit any of the Committee gress were open to radio and television. members tn· the long run because they leave and cons of this issue. This is not a matter Others argue that the public is not entitled of importance only to the media. It's a mat the impression of administrative sloppiness to be present-but I would maintain that and partisanship, if not self-serving activity, ter of great importance to the citizen who the public is entitled to observe its own busi · should be aware of the problem and be given on the part of both the Republican and ness being conducted by its own elected rep Democratic members of the Committee. And, an opportunity to learn and decide for him resentatives. Some argue that there will be or herself-one way or another. more importantly, these "not-so-closed" adequate coverage through reports and hearings do not benefit the public for they transcripts-but there ls an old saying that BROADCASTERS MUST SHAPE UP leave the average citizen with a confused, "seeing is believing," and it is important Second, I am concerned that our own highly distorted picture of what is happen that the public "believes." Still others argue actions in the television Industry may preju ing to their President, to their Congress that Congressmen will become performers dice our request for coverage. Congressman indeed, to the whole process of impeachment but any Congressman who would "perform" Sidney Yates of Illinois and other representa with its most serious consequences for our mlgh t well discover at election time that the tives have submitted one or more resolutions future as a country. voters have taken his AFTRA card away, calling for such television coverage. For these IS PUBLIC REALLY INTERESTED? I think that each of these concerns could resolutions to be considered and voted upon One would think that, in view of these be argued individually at greater length. I by the entire House of Representatives re damaging consequences.of excluding the pub don't mean to dismiss these concerns as quires a rule from the House Rules Commit lic-Congress would move with a sense of lightly as I do here. I would suggest, how tee. The Rules Committee, I am told, is await urgency to declare that any future proceed ever, that, whatever merit these arguments ing word from the Speaker of the House, ings on impeachment in the House and Sen may have, they are answered to a consid Carl Albert, as to his feelings on this matter. ate would be open to everyone via television erable degree by the need for all concemed It is my understanding that Speaker Al and radio to see and hear. the President, the members of Congress, and bert has been approached by television jour- CXX--1418-Part 17 22488 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 nalists and producers requesting lights, TUNNEL VISION AT THE WHITE There is still time, of course, for the ad camera platforms and positions that the HOUSE ON COAL MINE REGULA ministration to throw its weight on the right Speaker, in his opinion, believes will discom TION side, and we hope that will become evident fort and disrupt the proceedings. I hope we in the days just ahead. The first test, next in the television industry would use our best week, will be in the House Rules Commit efforts to accommodate ourselves to the needs HON. MORRIS K. UDALL tee, which should release the Interior panel's of the Congress and not vice versa. Surely, OF ARIZONA bill with the least possible delay. Then the we can accept a less than perfect television battle must be won on the floor-against picture in order to be sure we can have a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weakening substitutes, and for a law that picture. Tuesday, July 9, 1974 will prevent the pell-mell disfigurement of Even more seriously, I understand, sug America. gestions have been made to the Speaker that Mr. UDALL. Mr. Speaker, the Wash the presentation of evidence and other ac ington Star-News has joined the grow tivities be or.ganized, timed, and delivered ing list of newspapers and periodicals BLACK EAGLE OF HARLEM on the fioor to better meet t he demands of 11500, In television as the producers and journalists which are endorsing H.R. the see them. Again, I hope that this report is terior Committee bill to regulate strip not accurate. This is not a sporting maitch mining. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Following is the Star-News editorial where television controls the time-outs for OF NEW YORK commercial breaks, etc. of July 5, 1974, which asserts that H.R. You could sense Congressman O'Neill's 11500 is "an excellent piece of legisla IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES concern when he described on Washington tion." Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Straight Talk the process by which tele This is one of the best short summaries vision goes about arranging for an address Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I would by the PresldeD.Jt to the Congress. Congress of the issues involved in this legisla like to share with my colleagues an in man O'Neill said: tion I have seen, and I commend it to teresting piece of American history. In "The President of the United States comes your attention. The editorial follows: a recent story in the New York Times up to give a message to the Congress, and STRIP MINING SHOWDOWN the life of Hubert F. Julian is high you the television people will say, 'Now, Mr. Having worn out every excuse for delay, lighted. Mr. Julian, or the Black Eagle Speaker, could you arrange it one minute over a period of years, Congress seems ready of Harlem as he is known, has lived a past nine for the committee to be assembled for a real showdown on the strip-mining is diverse and fascinating life, which in In front of the rostrum and walk out to the sue. Whether this necessary but potentially Speaker's office, where the President is, a.nd destructive method of getting minerals cludes being a pioneer black aviator, notify the President? And at six minwtes (most notably coal) will be brought under stunt parachutist, and an international past nine, can you have them ba-0k in front federal regulation, or whether the wrecking arms dealer. I am pleased to sh:cire with of the rostrum? And then at seven minutes of vast landscapes will accelerate without my colleagues some insight on this great past time, can the President leave so we can remedial action, may be decided this month. American folk hero. get-sta-rt to tape him? And at eleven min The arena for this decision ls the House, The article follows: utes past ni.ne, can the President be in the for the Senate passed its own strip-mining chamber so we will be all set? And then BLACK EAGLE OF HARLEM, 77, LOOKS BACK ON control bill-a tough one--last October. DAYS AS FLIER AND SOLDIER OF FORTUNE would the President be able to be finished And though the House has dragged its feet his speech by 9: 38 so the committee can much too long, its Interior Committee has (By Lee Dembart) reassemble?" come up with an excellent piece of legisla Fifty years ago this week, Hubert F. Julian, Congressman O'Neill finished by saying: tion. The measure would require restoration the Black Eagle of Harlem, took off from the "I'm fearful of the production of the ma.t of stripmined land to the "approximate origi Harlem River to the cheers of thousands on ter as to cut-in, hold-ups or things like th111t. nal contour" and planting of permanent what was billed as a flight to Ethiopia. It's too serious a matter to take any chances vegetation to prevent erosion. Stripping Although he crashed five minutes later in of that... " could be banned on lands deemed unsuited Flushing Bay when a pontoon fell off his sea He is righit. But it doesn't have to happen for restoration-in some steeper mountain plane, the stunt established him as a hero in that way. This is as serious an event as tele areas, for example. And equally important, a the minds of black people, and he has re vision may be privileged to cover in our life new fee on production of coal would help mained one in folklore. At a time when black time. finance the reclamation of land which has men could hold few aspirations, he not only GROUND RULES IMPERATIVE been laid waste in past years by rampant aspired, but did. We, as an 1ndustry, must not intrude to stripping. Now 77 years old, though he looks half that the slightest degree on the affairs of the This measure, in fact, is attuned realisti age, Colonel Julian reminisced this week on House and Senate, not only because it is cally to the great environmental challenge a career of derring-do during which he has grossly inappropriate for us to do so but also in this field, and also to energy-crisis con been a pioneer black aviator, stunt para because the industry might be the reason cerns. It offers strong hope of relief for a chutist, soldier of fortune and, most recently, why the public was denied access to the pub nation with more than 2 million acres international arms dealer. lic's business. blighted by unrestored strip mines-stretch EXPELLED FROM CONGO It should be possible, therefore, for all ing like moonscapes over some states--and Controversy has surrounded him wherever four national television organizations to a need for much more coal mining to fuel its he has gone, whether commanding Emperor agree on the exact nature of the technical oil-short economy. Certainly the diverse Haile Selassie's Air Force (the Emperor com coverage--which minimizes lights, cables, values will not be easy to reconcile, with any missioned him a colonel), flying for the cameras and staff in the House and Sena.te sort of program. But the country cannot Finns against the Russians in 1940 or ship chambers. It should be possible also to agree afford to create vast new wastelands in a ping arms to Guatemala or Haiti or the upon a set of ground rules regarding cover rush for shallow coal, and American indus regime of Moise Tshombe in Katanga, for age, interruptions, and journalistic imposi try, we think, can accommodate itself very which the United Nations expelled him from tions on the members of Congress. well to the requirements of this legislation. the Congo. If we as journalists and broadcasters were The American consumer, obviously, must be Colonel Julian has not flown an airplane to be in the slightest way responsible for a prepared to pay the price of natural preser in nearly 30 years. But in an Oxford accent denial of public access to the process of im vation, most noticeably in higher electric that is sometimes overcome by his West In peachment, we would be justly condemned bills. For it is coal, mainly, that keeps the dian birth, he spoke animatedly of the by all citizens. generators running and the lights on. nineteen-twenties, when he made his living The impeachment process ls a most pain As might be expected, though, the legisla by parachuting at $1,500 a jump. ful one. No serious participant, including the tion is powerfully opposed by the coal min "One time in Atlantic City I was to land individual citizen, derives any pleasure from ing and electric power industries. And they've on the beach," he recalled. "The wind was the hard work and agonizing decision making drawn support from the Nixon administra blowing to shore, so we took the plane over involved. Yet the successful applicMJon of tion, which, despite its pledge to the concept the water to allow it to blow me back. of strip-mining controls, seems to favor only "When I got within a thousand feet of the this process, whatever the final decision, is weak mea.sures. It has put out scary but seashore, then the wind becalmed. I was so important to the continued well-being of dubious estimates of the House bill's impact wearing a full uniform, including boots, you our country that I hope that everyone who on coal production. One wonders how the understand. But I'm no Weismuller. I held wishes to do so may see and hear and better White House can afford to undermine a my parachute in my teeth and divested my under.stand. meaningful approach to strip mining, so self of everything except my shorts. Then For those of us responsl:ble for the support soon after helping to scuttle national land my shorts blew off. and direction of this unique medium of use legislation which it earlier espoused. "You talk about streaking," he said, television, 1t could be our greatest service. The tax on credibility is considerable, when chortling. "Well, sir, that was the first aerial I hope we will be privlleged to render that one recalls President Nixon's past pleas for streak. I could hear the women shrieking. service. action in both these areas. Yes, that was the first aerial streak." July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22489
PARACHUTING INTO HARLEM "There's one thing, I can go to my grave FAREWELL ADDRESS Saturdays he made parachute jumps over in peace. To know that I personally got Ne (By Stephen Kltsakos) Harlem, always with a sponsor, whose prod groes their start in aviation. As I think of this commencement, our new uct he would advertise, once playing the "So what more do E want for a poor blaek beginning, I am reminded of the past. And saxophone, and once landing atop the 123d boy? I've dined with kings, but I've not lost the common touch." relating past experiences to myself, I sit and Street police station, where his equipment dwell over the years, those short-lived years dangled over the side broke a window. that are the fundamental seeds of my life. "The things I would have been able to And I remind myself of a visit into the city. accomplish had I not been a Negro," he It was at- a time all of us, and especially I, lamented. "I wish I would have come into COMMENCEMENT SPEECHES AT were developing, becoming immensely aware the world looking like my mother, who was NEW DORP HIGH SCHOOL of the world around us: our families, our English, rather than my father. I. would friends, our ambitions, our goals, our lives. not have had to surmount the insurmount New- York is a racy town, full of adven able.obstacles. turous things-, throbbing- taxis, intense ex "I never thought I would live to see the HON. JOHN M. MURPHY citement, and the ct>nstant flicker otmen and day when a black man would rise to the level OF NEW YORK women and machines. Taking this all in, I of lieutenant general in the United States IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES began to realize its haunting loneliness. Air Force. We have Negroes now who are fly When I asked myself why- I should get this ing for airlines, where then they couldn't Tuesday, July 9, 1974 barren feeling, I began to realize it was be ev:en wash the planes." Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. cause· the city was empty of sincere emotion. Colonel J"ulian and his wife, Essie, celebrat We cannot live· in a society; a world, a place ed their 47th annivexsary a week ago today. Speaker, I would like to take this oppor where emotions are inconstant--in platonic They live in a house on Sedgwick Avenue tunity to submit to the RECORD these two republics where lives aTe vacuums. We can m the Bronx with a statue of a black eagle excellent speeches made by graduating not adhere to coups and juntas and oli over the door. The living room is cluttered seniors from New Dorp High School in garchies where creativity is suP,pressed. we with memorabilia. Staten Island, N.Y. Judging by their tal cannot exist on a forbidden planet where Luncheon in the chandeliered dining room ents, and the talents of their peers, movements are clocked and man exists for is a four-course affair, with cornish hens America's future will be a very bright time. And' yet, we- cannot and should not and. veal, four vegetables and a 1959 Pillot pursue some elusive El Dorado-some futile Noir served in cut crystal. A housekeeper, one. The speeches follow: Utopia of dreams. For life can be lived with two Angora cats and a parrot round out the WELCOME ADDRESS dreams and with reality. household. (By Maryjane Lauria) Rudyard Kipling- expressed this idea so Colonel Julian, who still sports a monocle, conscientiously: neither smokes nor drinks, and the only "We choose our next world through what water he will take to his lips is bottled we learn in this one. Learn nothing and the "If you can dream-and not make dreams spring water. next world is the same as this one; all the your master . • • His wardrobe has always been legendary: same limitations and the same lead weights If you can fill the unforgiving minute custom-made silk shirts, stiff collars, hun to overcome." In this quotation from a novel With sixty seconds worth of distance run: dreds of neckties. "A gentleman must have by Richard Bach lies the reason why our Yours is the earth and everything that's at least 150 suits," he said in the interview. years at New Dorp have been years well spent. in it. "With vests." What we have learned is the basis for our And which is more-you'll be a man, my Time has not dimmed his spirit or his flesh, lives; a solid foundation on which we must son!" build. New experiences will replace the old; but it has expanded his girth and his mem This is the crux of our lives; the crucial ory. His recollection of events differs from new knowledge will expand that already learned. Each day will find us discovering a point where we lean back ancf smile in satis all other accounts of them, which differ from faction, and say to ourselves, "It's been four each other. little more of ourselves, and we will put aside that which limits us. years, and I'm proud of myself." And we Consider the flight to Ethiopia. should be; we all should be proud of our Twenty-five thousand people turned out We enter our next world with curiosity. Our curiosity may take us to any time or to selves. This is_ an era of awareness. No one on July 4, 1924, to see him take off on the has to say to us, "The world out there is first leg. They paid $1 apiece. Because Mr. any place that we wish to go; and it ls our knowledge that may decide our destiny. "Go tough." We know it; we realize it a little Julian had been asking blacks to send in more than other generations did. But we are money, the postal authorities threatened ing to places I never knew ... I can see his trouble if he did not make the flight. tory standing still, a mystery." We cannot obliged to live in it and change it . . . if we Colonel Julian says a pontoon was damag predict the future, and deep in our hearts, can. We are obliged to dream in it. We are ed as the plane was pushed into the water, we do not wish to do so. We are apprehensive, not out to save the world as crusaders, but but he could not postpone the flight. Con yet eager. We wish to move on, but we are we are spiritually high. with concern, with temporary newspaper accounts do not men glad that we have this time to pause, to re emotion, and with hopes of eventual re tion that. Neither does his authorized bi flect, and to be Seniors at New Dorp for this sponse. ography, "The Black Eagle," by John Peer Nu final, bitter-sweet moment of commence This is an age of constant change which gent (Stein and Day, Bantam paperback). ment. can lead very easily to hypocrisy. It's been Haile Selassie sent for Mr. Julian to head For all of us, there has been New Dorp proven in every aspect of our lives-politi his air force in 1930, but after the colonel High School and the memories that it holds. cally and socially. If we are sincere in our crashed the Lion of Judah's favorite airplane Whether we remember the many teachers goals, our ideals, our special emotions-then at the dress rehearsal for his coronation, the who offered help when we needed it, the we can be safe and not naive to discontent Emperor sent him home. The colonel went coach who had encouraging words after a and disillusion. back after the Italian invasion, but then game, the courtyard on a sunny day, or just Perhaps the most disillusioned characters came home again. a crowded, noisy hallway, each of us can re I have read have been in Fitzgerald's Gatsby. He volunteered to aid the Finns in 1940, member his own New Dorp. New Dorp taught Gatsby, like us, dreams, yet as he vainly pur was commissioned a captain, but left after us to respect, to understand, and to reach sues the future, time carries him inexorably four days' service. for goals, especially the ones that seem im back into the past. He is the irony of Amer Colonel Julian says his arms business is possible. It gave us many perspectives from ican history-while we are the symbols: sym completely aboveboard, with all shipments which we were able to gain knowledge. It has bols of unity, symbols of pride, symbols of a approved by the State Department. "When allowed us to be ourselves, while quietly prosperous wealth. We are not a lost genera they say 'No,' they mean no," he said. "They guiding and shaping our personalities until tion, but a discovered one-one of hope and don't question them." we have become mature young adults, ready one of rejoicing. Our lives cannot be altered In the Katanga business, he denied then to emerge into the world, that "next world" by a newspaper headline. We cannot adhere and denied now that he was selling arms to outside New Dorp High School. to devastation or dramatic tragedies. True, we Tshombe. "That was a fake," he said. "The Our "next world" is almost here. We have can be inspired by them, but we cannot let U.N. came pretty near to be dissolved on ac intelligence and skill. We have knowledge them rule our passions. Fitzgerald described count of the interference in the Congo." He and maturity. We have the incentive to over his world as a change from a fresh, green insists he was bringing in hospital equip come, to succeed. We have the freedom to breast to a grotesque wasteland, where only ment. choose. We have the energy to build. We have the morally irresponsible can hope to survive. DREAMS OF THE PAST the infinite dreams of youth. I describe it as a wasteland ... with hope. More recent arms dealing he will not talk It is both an honor and a privilege to in Valleys of ashes cannot be created unless we about, preferring to remember his early days vite you to share with us tonight our last create them ourselves. We can be wealthy, in aviation. moments as the Senior Class. Share with us wealthy in self determination, wealthy in "I can only close my eyes and live in the our apprehension and. our eagerness as we love. But wealth in a materialistic way is past," he said. "I live in those dreams. step out into our "new world." Share with futile. There is nothing but aimless drifting. "I wish my people had given me the recog us all the memories that will shape and guide What follows is false goals, self-delusion, and nition and respect I received from the us. Share with us your love and understand finalfy destruction. Nordics in this country. ing as you have shared it all before. Let's look around at each other and smile. 22490 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 This is a joyous occasion. The tradition of First the government's mail service is de HOUSE RESOLUTION 988 commencement is one that will live and ficient. Then an enterprising individual de prosper, for it brings to close something ob cides that he can make a profit by offering vious, and opens portals to something un faster or cheaper mail service than that pro HON. JOHN D. DINGELL forseen. We should all take great pride in our vided by the government. Letter writers start OF MICHIGAN school. It has given us the foundation to de using the private service. The government velop principles which we must foster and Post Office senses an impending loss of reve IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES perpetuate. nue and may even feel chagrin at being Tuesday, July 9, 1974 And now we are ready, with cautious anx shown to be second-best in service or ef iety, yet filled with unbounded eagerness. In ficiency. Government then takes action to Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, pursuant a few minutes, this will be a true farewell as force the private challengers out of existence. to permission granted, I include my let we leave with sincere hopes that we are ready -From John Haldi, "Postal Monopoly, an ter of May 20, 1974, to the Honorable to pursue the unknown. We find our whole Assessement of the Private Express Statutes," JULIA BUTLER HANSEN regarding House lives passing before us. Dreams of yesterday published by the American Enterprise In Resolution 988, at this point in the CON have taken shape and are now reality; but stitute. GRESSIONAL RECORD: they were practical ones. We have all dreamed True to the pattern, the Post Office earlier MAY 20, 1974. of this moment in our lives and now we can this year asserted the right to outlaw the Hon. JULIA BUTLER HANSEN, all say, "Wow! I have achieved something newspaper carrier boy, by broadening its Chairman, Committee on Organization Study in my life." And it's a good feeling. official definition of a "letter" to include and Review, Democratic Caucus, House When we leave tonight, we'll probably see newspapers and periodicals. Since this is a of Representatives, Washington, D.C. many teachers crying. We'll be shaking complete change from historical interpreta DEAR MADAM CHAIRMAN: I am very pleased hands with guys we've hated for four years. tion of the law, the appropriate congressional to respond to your letter of May 13. I am We'll be congratulating girls who have committee thought they ought to have some responding for myself and, at his request, brushed us aside throughout our high school thing to say about it, and apparently the my close friend and colleague, John E. Moss career. We'll probably :flutter around a bit, Post Office has at least temporarily backed who joins me in my criticism of H. Res. 988. maybe go to dinner and have a good time. off. But while Congress deals with the matter I am delighted the Committee on Orga But when it's over, we'll wake up without of definitions, it might take a good broad nization Study and Review is considering the pair of crutches that was our beloved look at the Private Express Statutes them the Bolling Report, H. Res. 988. Your Com New Dorp. There will be no one to lean on selves. mittee has the awesome responsibility of any more. Let us stand straight; we've The statutes prohibit anyone except the preventing a disastrous fight among Demo learned to walk by ourselves. We'll smile and Post Office from carrying a "letter" for a fee crats on the Floor over this unfortunate say, "Look out world! Here we come!!" over "postal routes." Over the years Post measure. Office interpretations have repeatedly A document as lacking in merit as this broadened the definition of the key words. proposal and posing the possibilities of a Its new regulations, still officially pending, bruising fratricidal fight among Democrats A CURE FOR THE POSTAL PROBLEM would include newspapers and periodicals as on the Floor of the House can only delight letters, though "suspending" the statutes the Republicans and afford opportunity for with respect to them. The officials disavow major injury to the Democratic Party and HON. PHILIP M. CRANE any intention of ever revoking the suspen its programs. sion and actually applying the statutes It is my view that the kindest action your OF ILLINOIS against newsboys, but the history recounted Committee could take for all Democrats is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by Mr. Haldi is cool comfort on this score. the summary rejection of H. Res. 988 through We are of course particularly interested Tuesday, July 9, 1974 any appropriate device, since the merits of in this issue because of the sharp increases this legislation are so outweighed by its Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the efficiency in the cost of malling this newspaper. One lack of worth and its capacity for the crea of the U.S. Post Office has been seriously of the effects of creating the public corpora tion of overall mischief. tion to put the Post Office on a "business I shall try to respond in detail to your re questioned during the past few years. like" basis is that second-class postal rates It is no secret that private companies quest for comments in inverse order, treat will increase something like 270 % over a five ing first the jurisdictional matters, and then often deliver second-, third-, and fourth year period. The Post Office says the previous the nonjurisdictional matters, because I be class mail more efficiently and economi lower rates were a subsidy, yet it wants to lieve the jurisdictional aspects of the report cally than does the Post Office. outlaw private competition at the new higher are most destructive and divisive and that But in the area of first-class mail, the rates. Since competition could arise only if there is some small amount of nonjurisdic Postal Service a.Ione must bear the re the new rates are higher than true costs, tional matter in Title II of the Report which this does not exactly reflect total confidence might improve the functioning of the House. sponsibility for its carriage. This monop in the subsidy arguments the Post Office has oly, as described in the private express First, I recommend your Committee should so loudly asserted. most strongly, in turn, recommend against statutes, delegates sole authority to the Second-class mailers are scarcely alone, the proposals for transfers of jurisdiction be Post Office in transporting a "letter" over though, in suffering higher prices and de tween Committees. The result of this would postal routes. Currently under debate is teriorating service. First-class mail service be to dissipate expertise of Members on the the wish of the Post Office to extend its is now the worst in memory, despite subjects of Subcommittee jurisdiction and carriage of "letters" to include both the new 10-cent rate. Charges and Committee jurisdiction gained over scores newspapers and periodicals. classes of mall remain an irrational jum of years which cannot be equated with the ble, with supposedly priority air mail superficial knowledge of private individuals, The Wall Street Journal, in its "Re often getting inferior service. Mean view and Outlook" of June 18, 1974, fur academics and the bureaucrats downtown. while, despite its crying need for automation, Dissipation of this kind of expertise of Mem ther discusses this desire of the Post Of the service has signed "no-layoff" contracts bers and Congressional staffs can only have fice, with respect to the elimination of with its unions, and the percentage of its a disastrous impact which will last for many the private express statutes, by Congress. costs going to labor has actually increased. years. I feel that this article has great merit, The key problem is the efficiency of the I believe that a "one track" system would and so wish to share it with my col Postal Service, which actually seems to have drastically limit the effectiveness of Mem deteriorated under the new semi-independ bers. However, the "one track" system sug leagues by inserting it into the RECORD ent agency. at this time: gested by H. Res. 988 is in fact not a "one Which is scarcely surprising, if you stop track" system. It would retain almost the (From the Wall Street Journal, June 18, to think about it, for the reform was based same number of Committees now in exist 1974] on massive illusions. The first was that a ence, and maintain existing, although slight A CURE FOR THE POSTAL PROBLEM government bureaucracy can be turned into ly rearranged imbalances in jurisdiction. The Post Office has behaved like any something else by changing its name. The Also, Members serving on more than one profit-maximizing monopolist. So as to maxi second and even more staggering is that Committee, such as they would on the "A" mize the amount of mail subject to the even if all politics were eliminated a monop and "B" Committees recommended by H. postal monopoly and thus to protect Post oly can achieve the efficiencies of a. busi Res. 988, would suffer the same difficulties Office revenues, it has construed "letter" to ness. This efficiency stems not from superior which H. Res. 988, it is claimed by Mr. Bol be as all-inclusive as possible. Apparently brainpower but from the lash of competi ling, would eliminate. other public policy considerations-service, tion. What the new Postal Service has given Particularly obnoxious results of jurisdic convenience, speed of delivery, needs of busi us is free enterprise with respect to prices tional transfers come to view. Transportation, ness and commerce-have been heavily dis and socialism with respect to costs. long a matter of jurisdiction of the Com.. counted by the Post Office in interpreting and If Congress is willing to give up such illu mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, enforcing its monopoly. sions, the way to cure the postal problem is would be moved to Public Works which has At least since the 1600s the basic scenario no secret: Entirely repeal the private express little expertise on this subject. Clean air o/ postal competition has been the same. statutes and let nature take its course. and solid waste disposal matters, which July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22491 originated in the Committee on Interstate ( 1) TRANSITIONAL PROVISIONS and would be supported by almost all and Foreign Commerce, are moved to another I quote from page five of the summary of Members. Committee having no experience, expertise H. Res. 988: "Committee assignment, senior The proposed increase in minority staff or prior jurisdiction in these matters. ity, and related questions are viewed as party would be most objectionable and has al The Education and Labor Committee is to matters to be decided by the Democratic ready been forbidden by Caucus action. For be split, with extremely destructive results on Caucus and the Republican Conference." example, if one-third of the staff is assigned education matters, which already have been Questions related to these matters are prop to the minority, that one-third of the staff commented upon widely by educators, the erly to be decided by the Caucus according would serve only the minority. The balance National Education Association, and other to the Select Committee. Obviously no steps of the staff, under the rules of the House, groups interested in education. In addition have been taken by that body to deal with has a duty to serve Members of both the to this the Labor Committee would be set up these vital questions which require express majority and minority without discrimina as a cockpit which might assure that Mem and decisive answers before a matter of this tion or distinction. Thus, the majority party bers of broad moderate viewpoint will not sort can be brought to the House Floor. Mem would find itself sharing two-thirds of the dare to serve on a Committee of this kind bers must be assured of the right to follow staff with the minority, while the minority because of the direct political peril present their present jurisdictional responsibilities would have total control of the remaining in such membership. The result will be a as well as the transfer of their full Commit one-third of the staff-by any stretch of the Committee composed of extremists totally tee seniority. Failure to do this wlll result imagination, a most curious allocation of dependent on either the side of labor or the in substantial additional bitterness in the the resources of the Committees. side of management. Good, balanced legis discussion, debate, and outrage by many I believe the minority traditionally has lation in the public interest cannot result Members who would then view this legisla had full staff representation and service. from this kind of undertaking. tion quite properly as an attack upon them This is the case on the three Committees As its present Chairman has stated, the selves and their service and seniority in the on which I serve. Government Operations Committee is grossly Congress. It would seem imperative to resolve (6) MEMBERSHIPS ON CONFERENCE COM overloaded with an excess of responsibilities. these questions prior to any Floor considera MITTEES It has difficulty fully exercising its present tion of H. Res. 988. The Rules and traditions of the House broad powers, yet H. Res. 988 would overload Many provisions of this section of the b111 already require that the majority of House it with additional responsibilities. and report are unnecessary, duplicative of Conferees support the House position. To A Committee on Energy and Environment existing rules of the House, and/or distinctly enunciate this in reform legislation, would would be established which would pit con counterproductive. To be specific: serve no purpose other than to continue a servation organizations against the oil com (2) REFERRAL OF LEGISLATION practice much honored in the breach and panies and power companies on a day to day Provisions with regard to referral of legis little adhered to by the Speaker. One must basis. lation can be exercised by the Speaker and ask how this pious pronouncement would One damaging obvious result of setting up no substantial change in the rules to accom improve an evil situation. such one-interest Committees will be that plish the purposes in this section is necessary. (7) CONTINUING REVIEW OF COMMITTEE lobbyists will concentrate on one particular JURISDICTION Committee and devote great effort to per (3) MECHANISM FOR RESOLVING JURISDICTIONAL This would be another raid upon the juris suading the Members of that Committee to CONFLICT diction of other Committees by the Rules suit their particular interests. Broad par There appears to be no substantial need Committee which was heavily represented ticipation by Members without particular for this kind of device. The Speaker has done on the Select Committee. One must ask why axes to grind, and the breadth of expertise generally a good job of referring bills to the Rules Committee should further expand that has come to the Congress by reason of different Committees. its powers and prerogatives in light of its having more than one Committee Member To involve the Rules Committee, a body long record of obstructionism, delay and ac knowledgeable on subjects involving matters which has had an indifferent attitude to its tive thwarting of the will of the majority like energy or conservation, would be dis long record of obstruction of legislation in of the Members of the Caucus and the sipated by H. Res. 988. The only result of the House, appears to be one of the most majority of the Members of the House. this arrangement can be major confusion in foolish steps proposed by H. Res. 988. It ( 8) RESOURCES FOR THE WORK OF THE the course of Floor action on legislation would result in a return to many of the HOUSE produced by this process, principally because abuses which were a legitimate cause of The Select Committee recommendations legitimate and proper amendments will concern to progressive Members for so many in this area are extremely curious: never have had a chance to surface in the years. Committee process. This is properly a matter for the jurisdic (a) House Commission on Information Further, the Small Business Committee, tion of the Speaker. H. Res. 988 would give The Commission would be duplicative of of which I am a Member, would be given the Rules Committee two opportunities to the work of the Committee on House Admin jurisdiction over laws relating to small busi obstruct legislation. The first would be when istration and would require the instrusion ness, and would become a legislative com legislation is introduced, thus permitting the of a commission of outsiders into the func mittee. While practically all laws which affect Rules Committee to inject itself into the tioning of the House of Representatives. large businesses also apply to small business, question of referral of a matter which is now In my view this would raise broad Constitu the actual grant of legislative jurisdiction properly none of its business, and the second tional questions and yet broader questions is relatively minor. The inevitable result of would be when a rule was sought by the of the prudence of estatlishing a precedent this jurisdictional shift would be to cripple Legislative Committee which, after diligent where outsiders may be intruding, Consti the present ability of the Small Business work, had prepared legislation for presenta tutionally or otherwise, into the day-to-day Committee to conduct meaningful oversight tion to the Floor only to find its bill all too functions of the House of Representatives. functions. often, held up by an obstructive coalition Bodies of this kind have a way of persisting The Merchant Marine and Fisheries Com of Members of the Rules Committee. long r.fter the appointed day for their de mittee, which has sponsored an abundance A better substitute for this provision parture from the House. It should be noted of conservation legislation would lose its would be to simply authorize the Legislative that under this proposal, two representatives entire jurisdiction over conservation, marine Committee to draft its own rule for pre of public affairs institutions or groups, and mammal protection, the National Environ sentation of the bill to the House immedi two representatives of the general public, mental Policy Act, deep water ports wild ately prior to its consideration. In that way, will commence reviewing internal House life and wildlife refugees, oceanography, and the House could vote its will on an appro matters which are rightfully the responsibil coastal zone management. Legislation in all priate rule, drafted by the Committee hav ity of the Members of the House. The kindest of these areas originated in this Committee ing jurisdiction over the legislation, divine thing I can say is we don't need this type of after long periods of disinterest by other the time, and consider questions and points intrusion into the affairs of the House of Committees, and it would be a shame and of order. After having approved the rule, the Representatives. not at all in the public interest to dissipate House could commence consideration of the (b} The House Commission on Adminis the expertise of this Committee in these bill without unnecessary obstructionism by trative Services and Facilities the Rules Committee. important areas. All of the functions of this institution are That the Merchant Marine and Fisheries ( 4) OVERSIGHT OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS AND presently under the Committee on House Committee, of which I am a Member, has AGENCIES Administration or should be under that body. been able to legislate so prudently in these Under existing rules of the House, Com Again, outsiders, some six in number, mem areas is chiefly attributable to the fact that mittees already have adequate oversight bers of the general public with backgrounds it is a balanced Committee with a constitu responsibilities and, in accordance with pre in administrative service and space utiliza ency in the Maritime industry and also in vious Caucus instructions, have established tion, would move in to participate in the broad areas of conservation and the environ mechanisms to carry out these responsibili conduct of the affairs of the House of Repre mental concern. ties. sentatives. A sensible Member of Congress Turning now to the specifics of Title II of ( 5) COMMITTEE STAFF should look with great apprehension on both the Select Committee on Committees The increase in professional staff mem the precedent and the implications of this proposal: bers under H. Res. 988 would be desirable action. 22492 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 (c) Legislative Classification Service Council of Negro Women to erect, on groundwork for what later became the Again, an institution would be developed, public grounds, in the District of Co Fair Employment Practices Committee, the functions ur which properly should be lumbia, owned by the United States fighting always to eliminat.e discrimina under the House Administration Committee ti.nd which offers great opportunity for addi a memorial in honor of Mary McLeod tion in hiring practices. tional patronage and further interference in Bethune and in commemoration of the Today, the NCNW reaches over 4 mil the orderly functioning of the House of lOOth anniversary of the signing of the lion women. working always to carry for Representatives. Emancipation Proclamation." ward the concern and spirit so much a ( d) Law Revision Council The National Council of Negro Women part of its heritage. Her members have The Law Revision Council would afford the has worked long and hard to realize this worked in such critical areas as racism, greatest imaginable opportunity for mischief. dedication to their founder. A tremen drug addiction, poverty, housing, hunger, Revisions of laws have traditionally caused dous effort has been demonstrated by child care, education, consumer rights, great problems. One of the -events which every member of the NCNW throughout day care, and aging. transpires is that in such revisions, existing laws tend to get changed in unforeseen our Nation to make Wednesday's un In Mary McLeod Bethune's last will, ways. veiling possible. Over the past few weeks, she left behind for all who knew, loved, A number of years ago I learned in law major preparations have been under respected, and followed her the task of school that law revisions often result in way in Lincoln Park in anticipation of carrying forward the essence of her great mischief. controversy and disorder. Whether this momentous celebration. I have re work. I would like to share these words this kind of device should be set up inside or ceived a beautiful letter from Mrs. Ada with all my colleagues in the Chamber outside of the Congress is a matter of great Cole of the Newark, N.J., section of the today: concern and which should be approached by National Council of Negro Women I leave you love. I leave you hope. I leave a Legislative Committee of the House with you the cha.llenge of developing confidence in appropriate Jurisdiction and expertise and stressing the deep pride and excitement the chapter members feel for tomor one another. I leave you a thirst for educa not by a Select Committee which has proven tion. I leave you a respect for the use of itself inept in understanding the functions row's opening ceremonies. power. I leave you !aith. I leave you racial of the House. And, indeed, as one reflects upon the dignity. I leave you a desire to live harmoni ( e) Schedulmg of House Committee Meet courage, the commitment, and accom ously with your fellow man, I leave you, ings plishments of Dr. Mary McLoed Beth finally, a responsibility to our young people. There is :some merit in the provisions with une, the importance of tomorrow's dedi regard to scheduling of House Committee meetings and this, I believe, could be safely cation is given added intensity. included in the recommendations of your President Franklin Roosevelt once Committee. exclaimed: STRIPPER OIL WELLS ARE (f) Early Organization of the House I'm always glad to see you, J\.'Irs. Bethune, ENERGY PLUS I believe this is a highly desirable provi for you always come asking help for oth sion -vhich offers considerable benefits to the ers-never for yourself. House as an institution and I support it HON. JAMES M. COLLINS without question. And so it was, through the course of OF TEXAS In general, I believe the provisions for the her remarkable career, Dr. Bethune IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES thought always of others. "I have been rules of procedure for Committees would be Tuesday, July 9, 1974 desirable but should be open for amendment. dreaming all my life, down yonder in In summary, I believe the intrusion of the the cottonfields, in the classroom, sing Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, Select Committee panel into the day-to-day ing in the Chicago slums, dreaming, for more energy for America, one of our functioning of the Committees ls not as de dreaming of big buildings and little greatest Potentials in the oil industry is sirable as the Chairman and his associates stripper wells. might believe. For special reasons Commit children, of my own institution." The tees might wish to arrive at arrangements achievements of this 15th child out of Most stripper wells are old producers different than those which would be man 17, born on July 10, 1875, in a cabin dl·awing from reservoirs discovered many dated in H. Res. 988. on a South carolina plantation, of par years ago. But, regardless of age, striP This proposal again would impinge upon ents not long out of slavery, laid the per wells contribute 13 per0ent of this the prerogatives of the Committee on House foundation of the black man's quest for Nation's total crude oil production, or Administration and would afford opportun equality of opportunity in "learning, over 2 of every 20 gallons pumped into ities for unwise change in long established earning, and living." your car's gas tank. The percentage and effective practices inside Committees. With $1.50 in initial assets. five pupils, c ~uld be much higher, too, if Congress I hope this communication is responsive and helpful to your task of rectifying the and soapbox furniture, Bethune-Cook would assist the industry by providing gross and obvious abuses readily apparent in man College in Daytona, Fla., was improved illcentives to encourage com the Committee Reform Amendments of 1974 founded. Dr. McLeod Bethune served as panies to work these wells. to which you referred in your communica president from its inception in 1904 until Dming 1972, Texas alone produced tion. 1942. Through her untiring efforts, strong over 116,600,000 barrels of crude oil from On behalf of John E. Moss and myself, leadership, and confidence in her beliefs, its stripper wells, and the 1973 statistics I thank you for your attention. she built her dream. The college today is being compiled show no substantial All good wishes, fully accredited by the South Association change. At the present wellhead crude Sincerely, of Colleges and Schools, having a faculty price, this production was worth about JOHN D. DINGELL, Member of Congress. of over 100 and a student body exceeding $1.1 billion to producers and related in 1,000. dustry, with more than $125,000,000 go During the depression, Dr. Bethune ing directly to farmers, rnnchers, and served as special adviser to FDR on mi landowners. DR. MARY McLEOD BETHUNE nority affairs in the National Youth Ad A survey of 1972 statistics conducted ministration. And, in World War II, she by the Interstate Oil Compact Commis served as special assistant to the Secre sion showed that 2 billion more barrels of HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. tary of War in selecting officers candi crude oil would be recoverable either by OF NEW JERSEY dates for the Women's Auxiliary Corps. primary or secondary methods, if the re IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In 1935, at the age of 60, Mary McLeod covery were more economically practi Tuesday, July 9, 1974 Bethune founded, almost single handed, cal. Yet during the 5 years from 1968 to the National Council of Negro Women. 1972, 19,81 ~stripper wells in Texas were Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, many of Recognizing the need for women to unite abandoned as they dropped below the us in this Chamber may recall that and deal with the problems confronting break-even point economically. These June day in 1960 when a joint resolution the black community, Dr. Bethune orga wells would ~till be producing, at an ap authorizing the construction of a me nized her membership of 800,000 and im proximate rate of 3 barrels :l. day per well, morial honoring Dr. Mary McLeod mediately concentrated her efforts on the if past economic incentives had been Bethune was signed into public law. "The pressing problem of the acute unemploy .nore attractive. In other words, Mr. Secretary of the Interior is hereby au ment of black Americans. Time and Speaker, we have been buying oil from thorized and directed," the law stated, again she testified before our congres the Arabs at $15 a barrel-none of which "to grant authority to the National sional committees, laying considerable channeled back into our economy-when July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22493 22 million barrels-which could move He was always for the underdog and his MONTHLY CALENDAR OF THE at $10 each-have been just sitting under compassion for the poor was very evident. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION our own stripper wells, too costly for the He had wisdom in the distribution of jus independent operator to retrieve. tice. The Congress is, in a great part, re These thoughts about Judge Guinn HON. HENRY P. SMITH III sponsible for the abandonment of these were elaborated by U.S. District Judge OF NEW YORK over 20,000 wells, due to its short-sighted John H. Wood, Jr., who entered the fol IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legislation in this area. And revenue has lowing statement in the court records been lost to the country. Sales of pro upon reopening Federal court proceed Tuesday, July 9, 1974 duction from stripper wells generate ings following a short period of mourn Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, local income, support the community ing: it is my privilege to insert in the RECORD through taxes and oil related businesses, Judge Ernest Guinn's brilliant, capable each month the monthly calendar of the create employment, and provide an eco and tireless dedication to the administration Smithsonian Institution. The July cal nomic reason for the small, independent of federal justice are the obvious reasons why endar of events follows: operators, who operate the majority of the El Paso Division of the Western District JULY AT THE SMITHSONIAN stripper wells, to continue active. Once orf Texas has the most current and one of the best administered criminal and civil TUESDAY, JULY 2 abandoned, it is not economically prac dockets of any U.S. District Court Division in Film: Mark Tobey Abroad. Tobey discusses tical to redrill a well. Yet many of these America. This reoord of achievement is in his artistic philosophy and reveals the free wells, under economic encouragement deed a most fitting tribute and memorial to spirit behind his work as he is shown in his provided by the Congress, could have this splendid jurist whose varied and diverse studio/ home and walking about the city of been converted to secondary and tertiary legal and judicial qualifications will be diffi Basil, Switzerland, his adopted home. 11 :45 retrieval projects, making available as cult, if not impossible, to ever repla.<:e. All a .m., 12:30 and 1:15 p.m. National Collection much as 25 to 30 percent of the oil al of those who have known me were always of Fine Arts. Shown in conjunction with the ready produced. aware of my ardent admiration for his judi current exhibition Tribute to Mark Tobey. The usual secondary recovery method cial fairness, ab111ty and sound legal philos Free. is water-ftooding, a process where water ophies. I was indeed most fortunate to have FRIDAY, JULY 5 Judge Guinn's sincere and unswerving sup Rehabilitation Medicine Films: Goodwill is injected into the drill hole until it port, counsel and advice as my loyal and in Documentary, distributed by the Goodwill forces the oil deposits to rise to the sur timate personal friend and colleague. I will Industries; Harlem Hospital Center, Colum face. I have been told that right now always respect, revere and remember him as bia University. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Audi the Bureau of Mines, in cooperation with a truly great jurist, a really God fearing and torium, History and Technology Building. Cities Service Oil Co., is beginning a highly Christian gentleman, a devoted fam Films are scheduled each Friday in conjunc massive recovery test-program involv ily man and a patriotic American who dedi tion with the current exhibition Triumph ing the use of polymer compounds to cated his entire legal life to outstanding pub Over Disability. Free. lic service. stimulate oil resources once thought of TUESDAY, JULY 9 as unretrievable, under the farmer price Judge Guinn was born September 29, Museum Talk: Inside the Festival of Amer structure. These polymers, when in 1905, in Palestine, Tex. He attended El ican Folklife. Speaker: Susanne Roschwalb, jected into the well, mix with the oil Paso High School, and then went on to Smithsonian Division of Performing Arts. and work like dishwater detergent. the University of Texas, and its law 12: 30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, History The polymer cuts the oil loose from and Technology Building. Free. school, where his destiny of juristic Film: Mark Tobey Abroad. 11 :45 a.m., 12: 30 the surrounding materials, and then the greatness was indicated when he gradu and 1: 15 p .m. Repeat. See July 2 for de·tails. water-ftooding, like an automatic dish ated at the age of 22 with the highest Free. washer, can sweep the oil out and up grade point average which has ever been WEDNESDAY, JULY 10 to the surface. Yet at the current rate recorded at the prestigious institution. Research Fellows Lecture Serles: Hans Hof of abandonment, 4,000 stripper wells a Judge Guinn has broad family ties to the mann. Speaker: Peter Morrin, doctoral candi year will be lost, unless we act now to law. He was admitted to the bar on the date, Princeton University. This lecture be improve the general economics of strip lOOth anniversary of the admission of his gins a series of five on various aspects of per well operations. grandfather to practice law in Tennessee. American Art presented by NCFA Research Mr. Speaker, the energy crisis in this Fellows as a result of their diss·ertation re His great-grandfather and great-grand search. 12:30 p.m. National Collection of Fine country is not yet a thing of the past. uncle were partners in one of Texas' Arts. Free. I hope Congress will be far-sighted in earliest law firms starting in 1845 at supporting a phase of the oil industry THURSDAY, JULY 11 Burke. Today, his widow, Mary Vance Creative Screen: The Real West. A re-cre which has definite, immeasurable poten Guinn, and two sons, Ernest A. Guinn, ation of one of the most colorful eras in tial. Why should we pay higher prices Jr., and Dick H. Guinn, are all respected American history, narrated by the late Gary for Arab oil? We can produce oil here practicing attorneys in El Paso. Cooper. The film depicts life as it really was in the U.S.A. for a price well below the Judge Guinn was a member of the El when the pioneers moved westward, putting Arabs by encouraging stripper well Paso and American Bar Associations, the legends in historical perspective. 11 : 30 production. a.m., and 12:45 p.m. The Renwick Gallery. had served as El Paso County Democratic Free. · chairman, and on tl1e boards of St. Mar garet's Home of Children and Loretto FRIDAY, JULY 12 Academy. He was a member of the Cath Rehabilitation Medicine Films. Within Our TRIBUTE TO U.S. DISTRICT JUDGE olic Church. Following his bent for hu Grasp, distributed by the Veterans Admin ERNEST GUINN istration; Home for Supper, Burke Rehabili manity, Judge Guinn chose to put his tation Center. 12:30 p .m. Carmichael Audi prodigious legal talents to work for the torium, History and Technology Building. HON. RICHARD C. WHITE general public instead of for his own Free. gain. SUNDAY, JULY 14 OF TEXAS Except for a few brief years at the very Bastille Day Celebration: Concert for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES outset of his career, and again when he Herpes, presented by the Baltimore Sym Tuesday, July 9, 1974 enjoyed a short sojourn in private prac phony Orchestra, conducted by Sergiu Comis siona. The program includes French, Italian Mr. WHITE. Mr. Speaker, many of my tice with his barrister w'ife just prior to and Russian works from the Age of Roman friends and constituents in El Paso share assuming the Federal bench, he spent ticism and concludes with the 1812 Overture a deep sense of sadness with me over the his entire professional life in public serv by Tchaikovsky, with an accompanying fire recent death of a singularly compassion ice-as a city and then county attorney works display. Wine provided for a picnic ate, dedicated, and accomplished man: in El Paso, and finally as U.S. district supper. 2:30 p .m. Merriweather Post Pavil U.S. District Judge Ernest Guinn. Con judge for the Western District of Texas lion. $7.* temporary opinion of Judge Guinn as the appointee of President Lyndon Summer Shorts: Blotto, Laurel and Hardy: was summed up by the Most Reverend Johnson. The Honorable Ernest Guinn The Violinist, by Ernest Pintoff; Harvesting Sidney M. Metzger, bishop of the catho leaves behind an enviable record of serv by The National Film Board of Canada; The Temp~st by Robert Brown and Frank Ogilvie; lic Diocese of El Paso, who noted in his ice to his fell ow man-and uncountable Muggins by Steve Wax; Incredible Jewel Rob eulogy at the judge's funeral Mass: numbers of friends. bery, Marx Brothers. Complete program be- 22494 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 gins 3:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, His tist-craftsmen. Approximately half the ob Old Ways in the New World: July 3-7: tory and Technology Building. $1.25. Series jects are sculpted figures and pieces of jewel Scandinavia (Finland, Norway, Sweden), ticket (July 14 through August 25) $7.50. ry by Jina.du Oladepa including bracelets, northwest and mldwest regions of the U.S. Tickets will also be sold at the door.* rings, neck pieces and belt buckles. Also dis Fiddlers' procession dally. KaOestova (Nor played are tapestries, batiks, appliques, low weigian coffee shop) with informal music TUESDAY, JULY 16 relief sculpture and mosaic tables. The ex and dancing. Evening program July 5. Tunisia Museum Talk: Shipbuilding in the Age of hibition is from the collection of .Mrs. Jean and Montreal-Cafe Tunis with food and the Computer. Speaker: Melvin H. Jackson, Wolford, under the patronage of the Am informal musical performances. July 10- curator, 'Transportation. 12:30 p.m. Car bassador of Nigeria, ms Excellency John M. 14: Greece-representatives from Norther11 michael Auditorium, History and Technology Garba. The Renwick Gallery, through Oc Greece and the islands of Karpathos, Rhodes Building. Free. tober 28. and port of Athens; Balltmore, greater ~ew Film: Marek Tobey Abroad.-11:45 a.m., Children's Theatre: Aladdin, performed by York City and Vancouver. Kafaneion (Greek 12:30 and 1:15 p.m. Repeat. See July 2 for Archaesus Productions in commedia dell' cafe) a geldi (community celebration) held details. Free. arte style with audience participation. 10 July 12 and 14. Evening program July 13. WEDNESDAY, JULY 17 a.m. Carmichael Auditorium. History and African Diaspora: Black culture from its Research Fellows Lecture Series: The Technology Building. $2.50.* African origin through Caribbean infiuences World's New Art Center: New York Exhibi SUNDAY, JULY 28 to African-American communities of the tions of Modern. Art in the Aftermath of the Summer Shorts: Case of the Mukkinese U.S. Carnival parades July 6, 13; religious Armory Show. Speaker: Judith Zilczer, doc Battlehorn with Peter Sellers; Bugs by Tad ceremonies July 7, 14. Evening concerts: toral candidate, University of Delaware. 12:30 eus Wiklosz; How Now Boing Boing; This is July 3 and 10. Informal concerts only ·will p.m. Nation.al Collection of Fine Arts. See the Home of Mrs. Levant Graham by Eliot be held through the day on July 8 and 9. July 10 for series details. Free. Noyes and Claudia Weill. 3 :30 p.m. Car· A 'runisian weaver will be among the par Chlldren'a TV Seminar: Consumer, busi michael Auditorium, History and Technology ticipants from eight foreign countries par ness and government leaders discuss the con Building. $L25 Tickets will be sold at the ticipating in the 1974 Festival of American troversy over regulation of the hard-sell door.* Folklife. commerclals -0n children's TV shows. The Oriental. .Rugs and Brunch: Anthony Lan INSECT ZOO panel will include Robert B. Choate, Chair dreau, Director of the Textile Museum, will Live insects and arachnids-including man, Council on Children, Media and Mer examine a.nd Identify rugs brought 1n by at ants, bees, termites, tarantulas, and a wide chandising; William Tankersley, Vice Presi tendees. Brunch and muslc will be provided variety of other local species-are exhibited dent, Council of Better Business Bureaus, in the gardens. 11 a.m. The Textile Museum. with insect zookeepers on hand to explain Inc.; Lawrence Secrest, Legal Assistant to the $15.50*. the habits and background of the arthro Chairman, Federal Communications Com TUESDAY, JULY 30 pods. National Museum of Natural History, mission; J. Thomas Rosch, Director, Bureau Museum Talk: Facts About Flags. Speak through August. of Consumer Protection, Federal Trade Com er: Herold D. Langley, Associate Curator, DEMONSTRATIONS mission, 8 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium, His Naval History. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Audi tory and Technology Building. $4. * .. fuseum of History and Tec7inology torium, History and Technology Building. No Demonstrations on July 4 FRIDAY, JULY 19 Free. WEDNESDAY, JULY 31 Spinning and weaving-Tuesday through Rehabilitation Medicine Films: So They Thursday, 10 a.m.-2 p.m.. 1st :floor, and Sun May WaZk. distributed by the Sister Kennedy Research Fellows Lecture Series: Barbara day, June 2 and 16, 1-4 p.m. Institute; The Person Within, Clarke School Zabel, doctoral candidate. University o! Vir Printing and Typefounding: Monday, for the Deaf. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Audi ginia, discusses Louis Lozowich and Urban Tuesday, Thursday, 'Friday, 2-4 p.m., 3rd torium, History and Technology Building. Optimism of the 1920's. 12 :30 p.m. National :floor. Free. Collection of Fin~ Arts. See July 10 for series M1Lsical Instruments. A selection of 18th SATURDAY, JULY 20 details. Free. and 19th century instruments, and Ameri Exhibition: Butterflies. Approximately 23 Lecture/Performance: The Moiseyev Danc can folk instruments, Hall of Musical In watercolors by William Howe, showing but ers-a two-part program. Lecture: Martin struments, 3rd 1loor, 1:30 p.m., Mondays and terflies in their natural settings. 2nd :floor Feinstein, Director of performing Arts at the Fridays-keyboard; Thursday-folk. Kennedy Center, discusses Igor Moiseyev, his rotunda, Museum of Natural History. MUSEUM TOURS Through August. technique and dance troupe. 8 p.m. HistorY &nd TechnologJ Building. Performance: The No Tours July 4 SUNDAY, JULY 21 Moiseyev Dancers in a program of folk art of Walk-In Tours-Monday through Friday Summer Shorts: Music Box, with Laurel th& Soviet Union at the Kennedy Center Museum of History and Technology. Every and Hardy~ Ballet Adagio by Norman Mc August 7. $18.50.* half hour beginning 10: 30 a.m. Last tour Laren; K-9000 by the Haboush Company; FOO'rNOTE 4:30 p.m. Secret Cinema by Paul Bartel. 3:30 p.m. Car National Air and Space Museum. Every 45 michael Auditorium., History and Technology *Indicates programs sponsored by the Smithsonian Resident Associate Program. minutes beginning 10:15 a.m. Last tour 4:30 Building. ~L25. Tickets will be sold at the Discounts are available for members and stu p.m. Tours begin in the NASM building and door.* dents. For attendance or other informatlon include the Arts and Industries Building. TUESDAY, JULY 23 call 381-5157. Unless otherwise indicated, Pre-Arranged Group Tours--Call 381- Museum T&lk: Submarine Telegraph: The tickets should be purchased in advance. 6471-Highlights -0f the Museum of History Grand Victorian Technology. Speaker: Ber and Technology, Museum of Natural History, FESTIVAL OF AMERICAN FOLKLYFE nard S. Finn, Curator, Electricity. 12:30 p.m. or National Air and Space Museum. July 3-14, 1974 Carmichael Auditorium, History and Tech EXPERIMENTARIUM nology Building. Free. Eighth annual festival, co-sponsored by National Air and Space Mitseum, Film: Mark Tobey Abroad. 11 :45 a.m., the Smithsonian and the National Park 12:30 and 1:15 p.m. Repeat. See July 2 for Service. Music, dance, crafts, workshops and To see the Earth as it truly is. A new show details. Free. food featured daily in four theme areas be that begins in Washington, D.C., travels past the moon, the solar system, the Milky Way WEDNESDAY, JULY 24 tween 11 a.m. and 5 p.m., along the Re:flect ing Pool by the Lincoln Memo.rial. Additional galaxy to a hypothetical distant cluster of Research Fellows Lecture Series: Roberta galaxies, and looks back at each point to see Tarbel, doctoral candidate, University of Del activities ..• Regional America (July 3-7): Mississippi the earth and its place in the universe. Tues aware, discusses the American sculptor Wil days through Sundays, 11 a.m., 12 noon, 1, liam Zorach. 12 :30 p.m., National Collection :ficldlers convention and contest July 6; auc tion July '1. Cotton-from plant to :finished 2:30, 3:30 and 4:30 p.m. of Fine Arts. See July 10 for series details. Discovery Room, Museum of Natural His Free. product Calf-cutting demonstrations daily. Evening program: July 4 and 16. tory: An area where visitors of all ages can 'THURSDAY, JULY 25 Native Americans: Fifteen tribal groups of touch, handle and smell a Wide variety of Creative Screen: The Real West. 11 :30 a.m. the Western U.S. present Sports and Games, natural history specimens of all shapes and and 12:45 p.m. the Renwick Gallery. See July Crafts and Food and a Multi-Media Learning sizes ranging from whale fossils to petrified 11 for details. Free. Center. Archery competitions and canoe races wood. Now open seven days a week-Monday FRIDAY, JULY 26 daily. Evening programs: July 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, through Thursday: 12 noon to 2:30. Friday 13. through Sunday: 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. On week Rehabilitation Medicine Films: Lights Out, ends, free tickets are required and may be No Sound, distributed by Schmidler; Every American Working Man: Nine groups in thing But Hear, Clarke School for the Deaf. cluding representatives of six unions, in co picked up at the rotunda Info desk. 12:30 p.m. Carmichael Auditorium. History operation with the "U.S. Departinent of Labor Labor (workers). etching and aquatint, and Technology Building. and the AFL-CIO, depict textiles, iron 1!.nd 1935. by Will Barnet. Two Decades of Ameri Exhibition: Contemporary Nigarian Art: steel and communications. Festival news can Prints: 1920-1.940, an exhibition cur Craftsmen from Os1togbo. Seventy-three tex paper published daily on presses at ~he site. reLtly a.t -the National Collection of Fine tiles and metal works by eight Nigerian ar- Evening program: July "12 Hootenanny. Arts. July 9, 1974 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 22495 PUPPET THEATRE 21st--In the Minds and Hearts of the irrespective of the safeguards that may be What if ... ? Fifteen brightly colored life People. A look at a new exhibit at the Na written into any agreement. The dangers sized puppets and the Allan Stevens and tional Portrait Gallery, focusing on the period of Egypt, or any country in the area, develop Company puppeteers in a comic space fan just prior to the American Revolution. infj nuclear weapons are too grimly obvious tasy of the adventures of visitors from the 28th-Are There Evil Forces in Our Soci for me to dwell upon here. planet Poggarpobbybaloobanop as they meet ety? A discussion by psychiatrists Rollo May, But even beyond the multiplicity of ques the people, animals, plants and customs of Thayer Green, and Charles Taylor. tions that we mus: have regarding the pro earth. Wednesdays through Fridays, 10:30 Hours vision of nuclear capability to Egypt lies a and 11: 30 a.m. Saturdays and Sundays, 11 Open 7 days a week second, perhaps more obscure, question: a.m., 12:30 and 2:30 p.m. Summer schedule what is our energy export policy going to be Freer Gallery of Art, National Collection in the next two decades? begins June 12: Wednesday through Sun of Fine Arts, National Portrait Gallery, The days, 11 a.m., 1 and 2 p.m. Arts and Indus Renwick Gallery, Smithsonian Institution The developing world is clamoring for tries Building. Admission $1.25 with dis Building-IO a.m.-5:30 p.m. power. Many third world nations would be counts for groups of 25 or more through Anacostia Neighborhood Museum-10 a.m.- eager for the opportunity to purchase expen July. For reservations call 381-5395. 6 p.m. Monday through Friday; 1-6 p.m. sive, prestigious nuclear generating equip Calendar Requests: Mail to Central Infor weekends. ment for themselves, Our provision of such mation Desk, Great Hall, Smithsonian In Extended Hours: equipment to Egypt represents something stitution Building, Washington, D.C. 20560. Arts and Industries Building, National Air of a precedent--it implies a decision to meet For changes of address, please include mail and Space Museum, National Museum of His the demand for new energy sources with nu ing label. tory and Technology, and the National Mu clear power. I am not convinced that this is Zoo Train: Transportation around the zoo seum of Natural History-10 a.m. to 9 p.m. the best decision we can make. is provided between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. daily. National Zoo Building-9 a.m. to 6 p.m. As you may know, during the past year Fare 50¢, with stopover privileges at three Dial-A-Phenomenon-737-8855 for weekly and a half I have been active in promoting locations-the Main Station by the cafeteria, announcements on stars, planets and world the development of solar energy in Con the Panda House and the Free Flight Bird wide occurrences of short-lived natural phe gress. This is not just the relatively primi House (shown above). nomena. tive heating and cooling energy of which OTHER ACTIVITIES Dial-A-Museum-737-8811 for daily an most people think when they hear the term. Sponsored by the Smithsonian Associate nouncements on new exhibits and special Solar energy incorporates a number of highly Program events. sophisticated energy producing concepts: solar thermal conversion, wind and oceanic Tours: Call 381-5157. Docent Applicants energy conversion, geothermic conversion. Merchant Seafaring Training Facilities Hirshhorn Museum & Sculpture Garden Developed solar energy can turn power-gen July 7. Applications are being accepted for docent erating turbines and electrify cities, as well Twilight on the Mall-July 31. tour guides at the Hirshhorn Museum and as provide heating and cooling for the small Train Trip to Cumberland, Md.-July 27- Sculpture Garden. Those persons selected est residential unit. 28. will be required to take one course in mod But solar energy's greatest value to us, and Walking Tour, LeDroit Park-July 14 or 21. ern art history as well as attend at least to the world, may lie in the tremendous po Geological Study of Loudoun County five tours of the musem dring the fall. Train tential that it holds for the developing world. July 7 or 14. ing will then be given at the Hirshhorn in For it represents a renewable, readily avail St. Mary's City and County-July 7, 21 or Janary. For further details call the Educa able, non-polluting energy source without 28. tion Office 581-6713. limit. Classes and Workshops: Beginning in Au Use of funds for printing this publica Egypt, for example, would be particularly gust for both children and adults. For a tion approved by the Director of the Office well suited to take advantage of what solar complete schedule and registration informa of Management and Budget, June 3, 1971. energy has to offer. She is situated in a cli tion, call 381-6722. mate which is calculated to provide optimum DOMESTIC STUDY TOURS exposure to the sun. She has a long coast For information on the following tours, line, adaptable to a oceanic energy conver contact Mrs. Howe, Room 106-SI, Smith SEND THE SUN, NOT THE ATOM, sion project. Her agricultural hinterland sonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20650, TO EGYPT might easily bear wind-powered generator or call 381-5910. stations to bring power to the countryside. Berkshire Music Festival: July 20-26, 1974 Of course, we cannot provide solar energy North CaroZ:intt Crafts: Aug. 18-24, 1974. HON. BILL GUNTER to Egypt immediately. But the National Sci Iceland: Aug. 17-31, 1974. ence Foundation's RANN (Research Applied OF FLORIDA Northwest: Sept. 8- 18, 1974. to National Needs) project has demonstrated THE SMITHSONIAN IS JUST A BUS RIDE AW AY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that solar energy is not just a dream. Most of the solar energy programs pose no basic Metrobus brochures are now available with Tuesday, July 9, 1974 problems to our research; what is needed is information on bus routes to the Smith Mr. GUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I would sufficient funding to enable scientists to re sonian and convenient fringe parking lots. duce the cost of installing and maintaining For information for your area, call 381-6264. like to enter into the RECORD a copy of the letter which I have sent to the chairman solar, wind, and ocean energy plants. Deadline for August calendar entries: The MITRE Corporation, in its "Recom July 5. The Smithsonian Monthly Calendar of the Joint Committee on Atomic En mendations to RANN/ NSF" (M74-21) esti of Events is prepared by the Office of Public ergy, my distinguished colleague from mated that wind and ocean energy, and solar Affairs. Editor: Lilas Wiltshire. Illinois, Mr. PRICE. I hope that the letter heating and cooling, would be economically View of Venice, 18'91, by Thomas Moran. will stimulate inte1est in the House and competitive with conventional fuel systems Painting has been partially cleaned of dis among the general public about the pos before 1985. The report noted that "it is con colored varnish. On display as part of the sibilities of exporting safe, clean, non sidered entirely feasible for solar energy to exhibition on conservation and preservation provide the majority of U.S. energy supplies of art. National Collection of Fine Arts. nuclear energy to developing nations like Egypt. by the year 2020 .. : · RADIO SMITHSONIAN The letter follows: Now this report is based on a currently Radio Smithsonian, a program of music funded, non-accelerated research program. and conversation growing out of the Insti HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Imagine what an accelerated program might tution's many activities, is broadcast every Washington, D.C., July 8, 1974. be able to provide for a country with Egypt's Sunday on WGMS-AM (570) and FM (103.5) Hon. MELVIN PRICE, energy needs and optin1um location. from 9-9:30 p.m. The program schedule for Chairman, the Joint Committee on Atomic It would be foolish, of course, to claim July: Energy, Capitol. that Egypt's energy needs could be met by 7th-Food; Is There Enough? A talk with DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: As are many of my solar energy next year. Refinement of solar Ambassador Edwin Martin, Special Assistant colleagues, I find myself becoming increas energy will probably take another decade. to the Secretary of State in charge of U.S. ingly concerned about the proposed agree But even a nuclear reactor would not be preparation for the World Food Conference, ment for nuclear cooperation that the Presi operational in Egypt before the 1980s. Fur to be held in Rome in November. Hello dent has promised Egypt. thermore, American aid in the further devel Earth-Greetings from Endeavor. Former The prospect of nuclear cooperation with opment of the potential of the Aswan Dam astronaut Alfred Worden reads and talks Egypt is not just the prospect of cooperation (which is only operating at half-power-5 about his poetry, inspired by his flight on with any single state at some point in time. billion kilowatts) and of Egyptian oil fields Apollo 15. It represents the export of nuclear techno could provide Egypt with ample energy to 14th-The Future of the Sea, discussed by logy to a belligerent in the most volatile area meet her needs until solar energy is fully Navy Commander Don Walsh, a "political in the world. A great number of scientists operational. As the reliable London magazine oceanographer" and former bathyscaph re have already expressed doubts about the The Economist has reported: "Only about a searcher. wisdom of a decision to provide such aid, quarter of Egypt's present potential capacity 22496 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 9, 1974 of electric power is now being used-mainly A 5,600-acre park is only a small answer region in the United States. It could be because military expenditure has held up to the outdoor recreation needs of the come-like the two new Gateway parks industrial development." (May 15, 1971) 10 million people who live within 100 Congress can now take an important step in New York and San Francisco-a model forward in insuring that the whole world miles of it. Doubling the size of the for the Federal role in urban outdoor rec shares a future with abundant, safe, and park will do more than increase the reation. But if we do not act now, the environmentally non-polluting energy re region's recreational base: It will pre dunes will remain only a fraction of the sources. We can eschew the easy path of serve portions of a unique ecological sys park it could be, and the opportunity offering quick, glamorous power to nations tem and help maintain the integrity of for achieving its full potential will be Jost in nuclear form, and, instead, help them to the existing park. forever. develop an environmentally-based power re I am disappointed that the Depart source that will make them self-sufficient and keep their environment sound, while ment of the Interior has not given this preventing the further spread of nuclear bill its wholehearted support, particu "MINIPLANS" FOR NEW YORK technology. Following such a course would larly as it would increase and enhance NEIGHBORHOODS require that we resolve to apply our tech an existing Federal park. Unfortunately, nological capabilities towards the harness the Department has long treated the ing of the elements so that all might share. Dunes as a stepchild, giving it low prior HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Certainly future generations enjoying a ity in the hierarchy of the national park OF NEW YORK purer earth might thank us for such resolve. system. So, Mr. Chairman, I urge you strongly to Instead of welcoming the opportunity IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consider holding up an American agreement Tuesday, July 9, 1974 for nuclear cooperation with Egypt and other to significantly expand this lovely area developing countries, so that we can extend and make it a truly magnificent park, the Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, the New solar and environmental energy aid to those Department has whittled down the pro York City Planning Commission re countries, and thus better help them, and posed additions to a mere 1,100 acres. It cently announced three "miniplans" for ourselves, prepare for the 21st century. omits several key areas that are ecologi the first time. Thanks to Mr. John E. Yours sincerely, cally important and would protect the Zuccotti, the commission's chairman, city BILL GUNTER, MC. dunes from further industrial develop planning is being approached from the ment. In its justification for the few par local rather than the citywide level. In cels it recommends, the Department this manner city planners will now give makes no mention of the recreational top priority to considering the indi INDIANA DUNES: MICROCOSM OF value of this land to the millions of peo "PARKS FOR PEOPLE" MOVEMENT vidual, unique needs of New York ple who live near it, or to the critical need neighborhoods. to preserve the land now, before it is lost I commend this article which recently HON. JOHN F. SEIBERLING forever to development. appeared in the New York Times for the OF OHIO INCREASING FUNDS FOR URBAN PARKS further information of my colleagues: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Interior Department has, during [From the New York Times, June 26, 1974] Tuesday, July 9, 1974 this session of Congress, consistently re PLANNING UNIT INTRODUCES NEIGHBORHOOD jected urban park proposals because of ''MINIPLANS" Mr. SEIBERLING. Mr. Speaker, Indi the expense of land acquisition, despite ana Dunes National Lakeshore, a unit the merit of the proposals on recreational (By Glenn Fowler) of the national park system, is a 5,600- or environmental grounds. I think this A new concept in neighborhood planning, acre park, almost totally encased by in epitomized by a series of "miniplans" tai represents a defeatist attitude which lored to the needs of individual communities, dustrial development and a rapidly ex clings to the park policies of the past and is being inaugurated by the City Planning panding urban complex. It has long been ignores the urgent needs of a rapidly Commission. immersed in controversy and compro changing, increasingly urban society. It The approach is in marked contrast to the mise. Indeed, it is a microcosm of the also ignores the fact that some of our master plan for New York City, drawn up whole "parks for people" movement. country's most precious land resources, with much fanfare six years ago but shelved Our distinguished colleague from Indi like Indiana Dunes, are the ones most by the commission last year as little more ana SENATE-Wednesday, July 10, 1974 The Senate met at 11 : 30 a.m. and was ship, his courageous convictions, his faith ABOUREZK, a Senator from the State of South called to order by Hon. JAMES ABOUREZK, in democratic institutions, his commit Dalrnta, to perform the duties of the Chair a Senator from the State of South ment to the divine law, and his abiding during my absence. JAMES 0. EASTLAND, Dakota. trust in Thee. President pro tempore. Grant to all who mourn the consola PRAYER tions of Thy Holy Spirit and the sure Mr. ABOUREZK thereupon took the The Chaplain, the Reverend Edward L. knowledge that as we walk with Thee chair as Acting President pro tempore. R. Elson, D.D., offered the following here so shall we walk with Thee eternally. Through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. prayer: MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE Bless the Lord, O my soul: and all A message from the House of Repre that is within me, bless His holy name. APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI sentatives by Mr. Hackney, one of its Bless the Lord, 0 my soul, and forget not DENT PRO TEMPORE reading clerks, announced that the House all His benefits: Who redeemeth thy life The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk had passed the bill (S. 3703) to authorize from destruction; who crowneth thee will please read a communication to the in the District of Columbia a plan pro with loving kindness and tender mer Senate from the President pro tempore viding for the representation of defend cies ;-Psalms 103: l, 2, 4. (Mr. EASTLAND). ants who are financially unable to obtain The righteous shall be in everlasting The second assistant legislative clerk an adequate defense in criminal cases in remembrance.-Psalms 112: 6. read the following letter: the courts of the District of Columbia, Thanks be to Thee, O God, for Thy U.S. SENATE, and for other purposes, with an amend servant Earl Warren, for the greatness PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, ment in which it requests the concur and goodness of his manhood, for his Washington, D.C., July 10, 1974. rence of the Senate. home and his family, for the magnitude To the Senate: The message also announced that the of his service to his State and Nation, for Being temporarily absent from the Senate House had passed the bill (S. 3477) to his love of humanity, his outgoing friend- on official duties, I appoint Hon. JAMES amend the act of August 9, 1955, relating