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Roots of an Artisan Community, Guadalajara, Mexico, 1791-1842

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Roots of an Artisan Community, Guadalajara, Mexico, 1791-1842 Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Roots of an Artisan Community, Guadalajara, Mexico, 1791#1842 Claudia Patricia Rivas Jiménez Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES ROOTS OF AN ARTISAN COMMUNITY, GUADALAJARA, MEXICO, 1791‐1842. By CLAUDIA PATRICIA RIVAS JIMÉNEZ A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2005 The members of the Committee approve the Thesis of Claudia Patricia Rivas Jiménez defended on August 12, 2005. Rodney D. Anderson Professor Directing Thesis Matt Childs Committee Member Maxine Jones Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii A Santiago, Juan Fernando y Juan Manuel iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank Rodney D. Anderson for his supervision of this work and for his generous advice. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Matt Childs and Maxine Jones for their kindness. I am also grateful to the University of Guadalajara, especially to Itzcoált Tonatiuh Bravo Padilla for his “buenos oficios” that allowed me to come to Florida State University in Tallahassee to pursue this degree. Thank you also to the Florida Mexican Institute for its tuition exemption award. Especial thanks go to Vicky Bernal, Debbie Perry, and Chris Pignatiello who always made the paperwork easy. Working at the Guadalajara Census Project has been a great experience for many reasons. First, it was a perfect opportunity for me to come to the United States and enter graduate school. Second, there, I met the most wonderful and supportive co‐workers and friends who have helped me during all this time in innumerable ways. In particular thanks are due to Andrea Vicente, Sarah Franklin, Monica Hardin, Tamara Spike, and Travis Hyer. Last, but not less important, having Rodney Anderson as a “jefe” meant always having a great opportunity to learn something. I remain deeply grateful to my husband, Juan Manuel Franco Franco, for his constant encouragement and love. My sons, Santiago and Juan Fernando also have contributed to this endeavor by being the raison dʹêtre of my life. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................ vii List of Figure ................................................................................................ x List of Maps ...................................................................................................... xi Abbreviations .................................................................................................... xi Abstract ...................................................................................................... xii 1. ARTISANS AND THEIR HISTORIANS................................................... 1 The Artisans in Guadalajara................................................................... 18 Descriptions of the sources..................................................................... 20 2. THE ECONOMY OF GUADALAJARA AND ITS REGION................. 25 3. GUILDS OF GUADALAJARA................................................................... 44 Apprenticeship......................................................................................... 54 Journeymen............................................................................................... 58 Masters ................................................................................................ 61 Age Structure and Guilds ....................................................................... 68 Occupation and Calidad ......................................................................... 72 Gender and Guilds................................................................................... 81 4. CRAFT COMMUNITY AMONG ARTISANS IN GUADALAJARA ... 85 Marital Status and the Guilds ................................................................ 86 Age at Marriage........................................................................................ 93 Position in Household and Family........................................................ 97 Individual Guild Crafts and Position in the Household.................... 100 Household and Family Composition.................................................... 102 The Craft Household ............................................................................... 105 v Calidad and Family ................................................................................. 113 5. ARTISAN RESIDENTIAL PATTERNS...................................................... 121 The City ................................................................................................ 121 The Barrio ................................................................................................ 130 Residential Proximity for 1821 and 1842: A Comparison .................. 140 Urban Space and the Artisans................................................................ 143 Where Did the Masters Live................................................................... 145 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................ 153 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 156 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ............................................................................ 169 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Intendancy of Guadalajara’s Production, 1803 ........................... 34 Table 2.2: Population by Calidad, 1793‐1821 ................................................ 41 Table 2.3: Industries in Guadalajara, 1792‐1821 ........................................... 42 Table 3.1: Increase in Crafts, 1792‐1821.......................................................... 49 Table 3.2: Male Artisans by Birthplace, 1821................................................. 51 Table 3.3: Mean Year of Arrival by Craft, 1821............................................. 52 Table 3.4: Ratio Apprentices to Master, 1791 ................................................ 57 Table 3.5: Number of Voting Masters by Year and Guild, 1790‐1820 ....... 65 Table 3.6: Ratio Journeymen to Master, 1821................................................ 66 Table 3.7: Artisans by Age Distribution, 1821............................................... 71 Table 3.8: Artisans by Calidad and Social Status, 1821 ............................... 80 Table 3.9: Female Artisans by Marital Status, 1821...................................... 82 Table 3.10: Female Heads of the Household by Craft and Marital Status, 1821 ................................................................................. 83 Table 4.1: Male Workers by Occupation and Marital Status, 1821 ............ 89 Table 4.2: Male Workers by Marital Status and Social Status, 1821........... 90 Table 4.3: Male Artisans by Marital Status and Social Status, 1821........... 91 Table 4.4: Male Workers by Occupation and Age at Marriage, 1821 ........ 94 Table 4.5: Male Artisans by Craft and Marital Status, 1821........................ 95 vii Table 4.6: Male Artisans by Craft and Age at Marriage, 1821.................... 95 Table 4.7: Male Artisans by Social Status, 1821 ............................................ 97 Table 4.8: Occupations by Position in Household, 1821.............................. 100 Table 4.9: Male Artisans by Position in Household, 1821 ........................... 101 Table 4.10: Household Structure in Guadalajara, 1821................................ 103 Table 4.11: Male Artisans by Household Structure, 1821............................ 104 Table 4.12: Occupations by Means, 1821 ....................................................... 106 Table 4.13: Occupations by Means and Social Status, 1821 ........................ 107 Table 4.14: Male Artisans by Means and Social Status, 1821...................... 110 Table 4.15: Sons in the Household by Craft and Age Groups, 1821.......... 111 Table 4.16: Male Children Who Had the Same Job, 1821 ............................ 113 Table 4.17: Artisans by Marital Status and Calidad, 1821........................... 115 Table 4.18: Artisans by Marital Status, Social Status, and Calidad, 1821.. 116 Table 4.19: Guild Crafts and Non‐guild Occupations by Calidad, 1821... 117 Table 4.20: Guild Crafts and Non‐guild Occupations by Household Structure, Calidad, and Social Status, 1821............................................................. 119 Table 5.1: City Districts by Cuartel Composition......................................... 126 Table 5.2: Location of Quotients of the Districts by Crafts, 1821 ............... 133 Table 5.3: Distribution of Male Artisans by District, 1821 .......................... 134 Table 5.4: Residential Proximity, Five Households, 1791‐1821 .................. 138 viii Table 5.5: Residential Proximity, Ten Households, 1791‐1821................... 139 Table 5.6: Residential Proximity, Five Households 1821‐1842 ................... 141 Table 5.7: Residential Proximity, Ten Households, 1821‐1842................... 142 Table 5.8: Guilds by Running Master Ratio, 1800‐1820............................... 148 ix LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1: Population of Guadalajara, 1713‐1823 ......................................
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